{"pk":1267,"title":"The male bias can be attenuated in reading: on the resolution of anaphoric expressions following gender-fair forms in French","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Despite the increased use of different types of gender-fair forms in French, studies investigating how they are interpreted when presented in a sentence remain few. To fill this gap, we conducted a pre-registered study using a timed sentence evaluation task to examine the possibility of speakers’ establishing an anaphoric relationship between a gendered anaphoric expression (<i>femmes</i> ‘women’ or <i>hommes</i> ‘men’) and non-stereotyped role nouns as antecedents. The antecedents were presented in their masculine form or in one out of three different gender-fair forms (complete double forms: <i>les voisines et voisins</i> ‘the neighbours.<sub>FEM</sub> and neighbours.<sub>MASC</sub>’, contracted double forms: <i>les voisin·es</i> ‘the neighbours.<sub>MASC·FEM</sub>’, or gender-neutral forms: <i>le voisinage</i> ‘the neighbourhood’). In line with previous findings, the masculine form led to a male bias in the participants’ mental representations of gender. All three examined gender-fair forms resolved this bias, but comparisons of the different forms to each other revealed differences between them. The results show that complete double forms lead to equally balanced mental representations of gender while contracted double forms slightly favour representation of women. Finally, gender-neutral forms result in a small male bias, although significantly smaller than the one produced by the masculine form. The results are discussed in relation to the mental models theory and provide new and important insights on how gender-fair forms in French are interpreted.&nbsp;","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/19d947nw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Julia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tibblin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lund University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jonas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Granfeldt","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lund University","department":""},{"first_name":"Joost","middle_name":"","last_name":"van de Weijer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lund University","department":""},{"first_name":"Pascal","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gygax","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Fribourg","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-04-02T06:01:20.844000-04:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-21T08:46:13.950000-04:00","date_published":"2023-07-31T14:00:00-04:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/1267/galley/1097/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/1267/galley/1096/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/1267/galley/1097/download/"}]}