{"pk":1280,"title":"Delayed Onset of Symptoms After a Rattlesnake Bite in a Renal Transplant Patient: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"<b>Introduction:</b> The United States is home to two major families of venomous snakes, Crotalids and Elapids. The Crotalid family, also known as pit vipers, is well known for being among the most frequent causes of snakebites reported. Crotalid envenomation can present with local findings, hematologic toxicity, and systemic toxicity. Identification of envenomated patients is key to determining who needs antivenom. Most sources recommend an observation period of six to eight hours after the snakebite to determine whether the bite was “dry” or the patient was exposed to venom.<p></p><p><b><b>Case Report:</b> </b>We present the case of a 33-year-old patient with a history of renal transplantation who had delayed onset of symptoms of envenomation 18 hours after an initial emergency department observation. The patient did well after a course of antivenom and was discharged on hospital day three.</p><p></p><p><b><b><b>Conclusion:</b> </b></b>The patient’s immunosuppressive regimen may have delayed the onset of clinical symptoms, thus delaying treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported of a patient presenting with a delayed onset of initial snakebite envenomation symptoms.</p>","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"Envenomation"},{"word":"transplant"},{"word":"immunosuppression"},{"word":"snakebite"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d7533jh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Rogers","name_suffix":"","institution":"Christus Spohn Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Corpus Christi, Texas","department":"Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Herrick","name_suffix":"","institution":"Christus Spohn Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Corpus Christi, Texas","department":"Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2023-04-03T20:52:05.240000Z","date_accepted":"2023-08-10T16:54:57.781000Z","date_published":"2023-12-06T14:00:00Z","render_galley":{"label":"Final Article","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1280/galley/3842/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Layout","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1280/galley/1558/download/"},{"label":"Final Article","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1280/galley/3842/download/"}]}