{"pk":13150,"title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Driving after Prescription Opioid Use in an Adult ED Sample","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Prescription opioid use and driving is a public health concern given the risks associated with drugged driving, but the issue remains under-studied. We examined the prevalence and correlates of driving after taking prescription opioids (DAPO) among adults seeking emergency department (ED) treatment.\nMethods:\n Participants (aged 25-60) seeking ED care at a Level I trauma center completed a computerized survey. Validated instruments measured prescription opioid use, driving behaviors, and risky driving. Patients who reported past three-month prescription opioid use and drove at least twice weekly were administered an extended study survey measuring DAPO, depression, pain, and substance use.\nResults: \nAmong participants completing the screening survey (n = 756; mean age = 42.8 [standard deviation {SD} =10.4]), 37.8% reported past three-month prescription opioid use (30.8% of whom used daily), and 14.7% reported past three-month DAPO. Of screened participants, 22.5% (n = 170) were eligible for the extended study survey. Unadjusted analyses demonstrated that participants reporting DAPO were more likely to use opioids daily (51.1% vs 15.9%) and had higher rates of opioid misuse (mean Current Opioid Misuse Measure score 3.4 [SD = 3.8] vs 1.1 [SD = 2.1]) chronic pain (80.7% vs 42.7%), and driving after marijuana or alcohol use (mean intoxicated driving score 2.1 [SD = 1.3] vs 0.3 [SD = 0.8]) compared to patients not reporting DAPO (all p<0.001). Adjusting for age, gender, employment, and insurance in a logistic regression model, participants reporting DAPO were more likely to report a chronic pain diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 3.77, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55-9.17), daily opioid use (OR = 3.81, 95% CI, 1.64-8.85), and higher levels of intoxicated driving (OR = 1.62, 95% CI, 1.07-2.45). Alcohol and marijuana use, depression, and opioid misuse were not associated with DAPO in adjusted analyses.\nConclusion:\n Nearly one in six adult patients seeking ED care reported DAPO. The ED may be an important site for interventions addressing opioid-related drugged driving.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"opioids, emergency department, risky driving"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4606z9bb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Dora-Laskey","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nUniversity of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan \nUniversity of Michigan Addiction Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan \nUniversity of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nHurley Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Flint, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Goldstick","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nUniversity of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Brooke","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Arterberry","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan Addiction Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan \nIowa State University, Department of Psychology, Ames, Iowa","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Suni Jo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Roberts","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Haffajee","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nUniversity of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Health Management and Policy, Ann Arbor, Michigan and RAND Corporation, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Amy","middle_name":"S.B.","last_name":"Bohnert","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, Michigan \nUniversity of Michigan, Department of Anesthesiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nVA Center for Clinical Management and Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Cunningham","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nUniversity of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nHurley Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Flint, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"M/","last_name":"Carter","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan\nUniversity of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2019-08-05T22:03:49-07:00","date_accepted":"2019-08-05T22:03:49-07:00","date_published":"2020-06-19T12:27:55-07:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/13150/galley/6918/download/"}]}