{"pk":15612,"title":"Effects of Brief Mental Skills Training on Emergency Medicine Residents’ Stress Response During a Simulated Resuscitation: A Prospective Randomized Trial","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Background:\n Acute stress impairs physician decision-making and clinical performance in resuscitations. Mental skills training, a component of the multistep, cognitive-behavioral technique of stress inoculation, modulates stress response in high-performance fields. \nObjective:\n We assessed the effects of mental skills training on emergency medicine (EM) residents’ stress response in simulated resuscitations as well as residents’ perceptions of this intervention.\nMethods:\n In this prospective, educational intervention trial, postgraduate year-2 EM residents in seven Chicago-area programs were randomly assigned to receive either stress inoculation training or not. One month prior to assessment, the intervention group received didactic training on the “Breathe, Talk, See, Focus” mental performance tool. A standardized, case-based simulation was used for assessment. We measured subjective stress response using the six-item short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6). Objective stress response was measured through heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring. We measured subjects’ perceptions of the training via survey.\nResults:\n Of 92 eligible residents, 61 participated (25 intervention; 36 control). There were no significant differences in mean pre-/post-case STAI-6 scores (-1.7 intervention, 0.4 control; p = 0.38) or mean HRV (-3.8 milliseconds [ms] intervention, -3.8 ms control; p = 0.58). Post-assessment surveys indicated that residents found this training relevant and important. \nConclusion:\n There was no difference in subjective or objective stress measures of EM resident stress response after a didactic, mental performance training session, although residents did value the training. More extensive or longitudinal stress inoculation curricula may provide benefit.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Mental Skills Training"}],"section":"Education Special Issue - Original Research (Limit 3500 words)","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1h48x29x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aronson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; Northwestern Medicine, Department of Anesthesia/Critical Care, Chicago, Illinois; Co-first authors","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Timothy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Henderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; Swedish American Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rockford, Illinois; Co-first authors","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kenneth","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Dodd","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Hennepin County Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cirone","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Margaret","middle_name":"","last_name":"Putman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":"None"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Salzman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and Department of Medical Education, Chicago, Illinois","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Elise","middle_name":"O.","last_name":"Lovell","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kelly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Williamson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois; Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-06-29T21:46:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2021-06-29T21:46:04+01:00","date_published":"2022-01-03T08:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/15612/galley/7848/download/"}]}