{"pk":21488,"title":"Constitutive and Contingent Kinds: Relations between kind, form, and identity","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We propose that kinds relate to particular things either constitutively or contingently. Taxonomic categories of animals and artifacts constitutively relate their members: DOG and CAR group things by aspects of the forms of their matter; the forms that make them things instead of stuff. Categories of things in roles or with diseases contingently relate to their members: LAWYER and DIABETIC group things by forms other than the forms that make them things. We confirm this distinction in five experiments with American adults.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Philosophy; Psychology; Causal reasoning; Concepts and categories; Reasoning; Representation; Social cognition; Computer-based experiment; Knowledge representation"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6927w8c4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"","last_name":"Noyes","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York University","department":""},{"first_name":"Katherine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ritchie","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":""},{"first_name":"Marjorie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rhodes","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21488/galley/11087/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21488/galley/21933/download/"}]}