{"pk":24159,"title":"Practice what you preach: Consistent messages about the value of effort foster children's persistence","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Young children are frequently exposed to mixed messages about the value of their effort: Educators talk about the importance of effort, but give rewards (e.g., grades) based on children's achievement. How do these mixed messages about effort influence children's motivation? Here, we presented 4- to 5-year-old children (N = 80) with an initial verbal message preaching about the importance of effort and generated mixed messages by rewarding participants either by their effort or performance across a series of visual search tasks. We found that children persisted longer on the immediate task, as well as on a novel, transfer task, when they received consistent versus mixed messages about effort. These findings suggest that congruent verbal- and reward-based messages about the value of effort foster children's persistence.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Psychology; Cognitive development; Learning; Social cognition"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63x5x03f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elaine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University","department":""},{"first_name":"Mia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Radovanovic","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Jessica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sommerville","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Julia","middle_name":"Anne","last_name":"Leonard","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24159/galley/13755/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24159/galley/21456/download/"}]}