{"pk":25511,"title":"Defeasible Reasoning with Quantifiers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Human conditional reasoning is defeasible: people withdraw\nlogically valid conclusions if they are aware of situations (i.e.,\nexceptions) that prevent the consequent of the rule to happen\nalthough the antecedent is given. In this paper we investigate\ndefeasible reasoning with quantified rules. In two experiments\nwe rephrased conditionals from the literature (Experiment 1)\nand rules from penal code (Experiment 2) as either universal\nor existential rules and embedded them into Modus Ponens\nand Modus Tollens inference problems. We show that defeasible\nreasoning also exists for quantified rules. However, the\nkind of quantifier (universal vs. existential) did not affect inferences.\nThis last finding conflicts with theories highlighting\nthe importance of logic in human reasoning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Quantifiers; defeasible reasoning; exceptions"}],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2904x296","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lupita","middle_name":"Estefania Gazzo","last_name":"Castaneda","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Edinburgh","department":""},{"first_name":"Markus","middle_name":"","last_name":"Knauff","name_suffix":"","institution":"Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25511/galley/15135/download/"}]}