{"pk":26401,"title":"Using Subgoal Learning and Self-Explanation to Improve Programming Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The present study explored passive, active, and constructive\nmethods of learning problem solving procedures. Using\nsubgoal learning, which has promoted retention and transfer\nin procedural domains, the study compared the efficacy of\ndifferent methods for learning a programming procedure. The\nresults suggest that constructive methods produced better\nproblem solving performance than passive or active methods.\nThe amount of instructional support that learners received in\nthe three different constructive interventions also affected\nperformance. Learners performed best when they either\nreceived hints about the subgoals of the procedure or received\nfeedback on the subgoal labels that they constructed, but not\nwhen they received both. These findings suggest that in some\ncases constructing subgoal labels is better than passively or\nactively engaging with subgoal labels. There is an optimal\nlevel of instructional support for students engaging in\nconstructive learning and that providing too much support can\nbe equally as detrimental as providing too little support.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"subgoal learning; self-explanation; worked\nexamples; computing education."}],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35z8842x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lauren","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Margulieux","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgia Institute of Technology","department":""},{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"","last_name":"Catrambone","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgia Institute of Technology","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/26401/galley/16037/download/"}]}