{"pk":26687,"title":"Representations of Entropy and of the Relations Same and Different Early inHuman Development","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Animals typically fail 2-item Relational Match to Sample (RMTS), whereas animals from pigeons through primatessucceed at 16-item RMTS. Furthermore, training on the 16-item arrays does not transfer to 2-item arrays in these non-humanspecies. Animal researchers conclude that success on 16-item RMTS reflects a perceptual property of the set, variabilityor entropy, rather than conceptual representations of the relations ‘same’ and ‘different’. Four experiments explore youngchildren’s ability to pass 2-item and 16-item RMTS. Like non-human animals, three- and four-year-olds fail 2-item RMTSwhile passing the16-item task. As with animals, training with 16-item cards does not facilitate success on 2-item RMTS infour- and five-year-olds. These data, as well as data from within the 16-item task, suggests that young children, like non-humananimals, rely on entropy in RMTS tasks. Data from 5 and 6-year-olds suggest a representational change late in the preschoolyears.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Member Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/882794fd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jean-Remy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hochmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"CNRS, Bron, France","department":""},{"first_name":"Sophia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sanborn","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":""},{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Carey","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/26687/galley/16323/download/"}]}