{"pk":28026,"title":"Speakers’ choice of frame based on reference point:With explicit reason or affected by irrelevant prime?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that when choosing one of thelogically equivalent frames (e.g., “half full” or “half empty”),speakers tend to choose one based on a reference point. Forexample, when the amount of water in a glass with 500ml ca-pacity was originally 0ml (or 500ml) and then increased (ordecreased) to 250ml, speakers tended to express the contentof water in the glass as “half full” (or “half empty”). We ex-amined why speakers chose one of the logically equivalentframes. In addition, we examined whether an irrelevant refer-ence point affected speakers’ choice of frame. In order to ex-amine these two issues, we conducted three behavioral exper-iments using a frame choice task. Specifically, participantswere presented with a task-relevant (story-based) or task-irrelevant (prime-based) reference point and then asked tochoose a frame. Following this, they were asked to reveal thereason for the frame choice. Our findings were summarizedwith the following two points. First, when reference pointswere task-relevant, many participants chose a frame based onthe reference point with explicit reason. Second, even whenreference points were task-irrelevant, they affected framechoices and almost all of our participants did not report the ef-fect of the irrelevant reference point. These results indicatethat the effect of reference points on frame choices is robustand that people do not always notice the effect.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"frame choice; reference point hypothesis; refer-ence point"}],"section":"Publication-based-Talks","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5qt9z5g7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hidehito","middle_name":"","last_name":"Honda","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tokyo","department":""},{"first_name":"Masaru","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shirasuna","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tokyo","department":""},{"first_name":"Toshihinko","middle_name":"","last_name":"Matsuka","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chiba University","department":""},{"first_name":"Kazuhiro","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ueda","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tokyo","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2018-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/28026/galley/17665/download/"}]}