{"pk":33194,"title":"Disfluency Deafness: Graceful Failure in the Recognition of Running Speech","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Models of perceptual systems customarily characterize their maximally efficient operation in optimal circumstances. Another engineering consideration - graceful failure - is usually ignored. Three experiments on spontaneous speech show that on-line speech recognition fails gracefully by making us deaf to the words in reparanda. the items which must be expunged to restore disfluent utterances to fluency. Experiment 1 uses word-level gating of fluent and disfluent utterances to show that disfluencies principally disrupt normal late recognition (Bard, Shillcock & Altmann, 1988) of words in reparanda. Experiment 2 shows that in more natural listening conditions, attention to continuing material and additional effects of repetition deafness (Miller & Mackay, 1996) make recall of the same words even more unlikely. Experiment 3 shows that the results are not attributable to the clarity of the lost words. Finally the relationships among late recognition and various kinds of disfluency deafness are discussed.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Long Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vc946hf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ellen","middle_name":"Gurman","last_name":"Bard","name_suffix":"","institution":"Human Communication Research Centre, University of Edinburgh","department":""},{"first_name":"Robin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lickley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Human Communication Research Centre, University of Edinburgh","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"1998-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/33194/galley/24254/download/"}]}