{"pk":37625,"title":"Tortured Text: An Analysis of the Absent Pages of Ignácio de Loyola Brandão's Zero","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Born of political repression, censorship and torture, the novel \nZero: romance pré-histórico\n by Ignácio de Loyola Brandão was revised in congruence with the intensity of repression in Brazil. In 2001, a new edition integrated pages that had been previously excluded from the novel. In this essay, I borrow narratological terms from Gérard Genette and David Herman to examine the most politically charged sections from the missing pages. A close reading sheds light on the relationship between what Herman calls the storyworld, that is, the fictional world of Latíndia-America that Loyola created, and what we think of as the real world in which Loyola was writing. I analyze how the content of the missing pages challenges the hegemonic ideology of the regime that banned \nZero\n in its construction of a meta-commentary on neocolonial relations between Brazil and the United States. By employing Elaine Scarry’s work on the structure of torture, I argue that censorship and torture operate both textually and extra-textually in \nZero\n. The missing pages illuminate this relationship in their criticism of a regime characterized by its dependence on censorship and torture to maintain its illegitimate and flagging power.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Copyright","short_name":"Copyright","text":"","url":"https://escholarship.org/terms"},"keywords":[{"word":"brazil"},{"word":"censorship"},{"word":"Torture"},{"word":"dictatorship"},{"word":"Literary Criticism"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74d484pj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kristal","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bivona","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-02-13T21:02:21-05:00","date_accepted":"2013-02-13T21:02:21-05:00","date_published":"2013-12-29T12:07:36-05:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/mester/article/37625/galley/28394/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/mester/article/37625/galley/28395/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/mester/article/37625/galley/28396/download/"}]}