{"pk":48978,"title":"The Phonological Analysis of Left Branch Extraction in Japanese","subtitle":null,"abstract":"<p>Boskovic (2005) lays out five prerequisites for Left Branch Extraction (LBE): (i) scrambling; (ii) the absence of DP; (iii) NP-over-AP structure; (iv) the left-edge condition; and (v) agreement (see also Boskovic 2008, 2012, 2013). Japanese seems to satisfy the prerequisites (i)-(iv), but not (v) agreement. If agreement is a strict requirement for LBE, languages that lack φ-agreement, such as Japanese, are expected to disallow LBE. However, if agreement is merely a preferred or default option for LBE, it is plausible that languages without agreement may employ an alternative strategy to make LBE possible. We argue that Japanese, which lacks φ-agreement, actually employs an alternative strategy based on prosody to facilitate LBE. Specifically, we argue that the low acceptability of LBE in Japanese results from a phonological restriction on the relevant movement, showing that the phonological restriction can be alleviated or overridden by prosodic factors related to focus and topic.</p>","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Poster Presentations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pb958zz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Masako","middle_name":"","last_name":"Maeda","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kyushu University","department":"Faculty of Humanities"},{"first_name":"Hiromune","middle_name":"","last_name":"Oda","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Yoichi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Miyamoto","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-12T14:40:04.905000Z","date_accepted":"2025-07-12T16:58:29.213000Z","date_published":"2025-07-07T10:00:00Z","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/japanesekoreanlinguistics/article/48978/galley/36895/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/japanesekoreanlinguistics/article/48978/galley/36895/download/"}]}