{"pk":49324,"title":"Algorithmic representations in the human brain that underlie schema generalisation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The human brain represents structure in the external world as \"cognitive maps\". However, it remains unknown how it represents structure in one's own behaviour. Recent findings show rodent medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) does this with a structure-sensitive representation, where all future actions are represented simultaneously. Here, using 7T fMRI, we test for this representation and its properties in humans. Using RSA and a computational model, we show this representation in mPFC and orbitofrontal cortex, while entorhinal and orbitofrontal cortices contain a pure abstraction of task structure. Preceding the future actions representation, action plans are ‘loaded' to mPFC once subjects were given all action-relevant information, suggestively through replay. iEEG data of patients solving the same task shows that sharp-wave ripple rate is increased during this planning time. Together, our findings suggest an algorithm of how human mPFC encodes future actions, and provide evidence for a replay-based mechanism of loading that representation.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Action; Cognitive architectures; Decision making; Memory; Spatial cognition; Computational Modeling; Electroencephalography (EEG); fMRI"}],"section":"Abstracts with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8vz352cz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Svenja","middle_name":"","last_name":"KŸchenhoff","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Alon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Baram","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Mohamady","middle_name":"","last_name":"El-Gaby","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Mathias","middle_name":"","last_name":"SablŽ-Meyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""},{"first_name":"Adam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Harris","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Jacob","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bakermans","name_suffix":"","institution":"Geneva University Neurocenter","department":""},{"first_name":"Shraddha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shah","name_suffix":"","institution":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":""},{"first_name":"Eleonora","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bartoli","name_suffix":"","institution":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":""},{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Watrous","name_suffix":"","institution":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":""},{"first_name":"Adrish","middle_name":"","last_name":"Anand","name_suffix":"","institution":"Baylor College of Medicine","department":""},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Donoghue","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University","department":""},{"first_name":"Sandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Maesta-Pereira","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University","department":""},{"first_name":"Uros","middle_name":"","last_name":"Topalovic","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California","department":""},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sakon","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California","department":""},{"first_name":"Elliot","middle_name":"H","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Utah","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2025-01-01T18:00:00Z","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49324/galley/37285/download/"}]}