{"pk":49789,"title":"Facilitating Human-AI Coordination through Computational Theory of Mind","subtitle":null,"abstract":"How can an AI teammate implicitly coordinate with a human? We address this question by integrating Instance-Based Learning (IBL), a cognitive theory of learning and decision making, with the level-k Theory of Mind framework. We hypothesize that coordination emerges when partners adopt complementary k-levels and when the higher k-level agent has an accurate model of their partner's cognitive processes. To test this hypothesis, we introduce a simultaneous-choice, multi-attribute task, where outcomes depend on interactions between choice features and agent decisions. Simulations of pairs of IBL-based agents at different k-levels support the hypothesis that complementary k-levels enhance coordination. However, empirical results from an experiment reveal no advantage of [human, IBL-L2] pairs over [human, IBL-L1] pairs, even when participants are restricted to operate as L1 agents. Post-hoc simulations show that model fitting recovers some advantage for [human, IBL-L2] teams by enabling the IBL-L2 agent to more accurately predict their human partner's actions.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Decision making; Intelligent agents; Theory of Mind; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/556158ms","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Roderick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Seow","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carnegie Mellon University","department":""},{"first_name":"Hoda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heidari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carnegie Mellon University","department":""},{"first_name":"Cleotilde","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gonzalez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carnegie Mellon University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2025-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49789/galley/37751/download/"}]}