{"pk":5483,"title":"Performance on a means-end task by African elephants (Loxondonta africana): A replication study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The current study tested five female African elephants (\nLoxondonta africana\n) on a means-end behavioral task of pulling a support to retrieve a distant object; a replication of the Highfill, Spencer, Fad, and Arnold (2016) study. Each elephant was tested on three conditions of increasing difficulty. Specifically, subjects were asked to select from a choice of two trays where one tray was baited with a produce item and the other was A) empty; B) baited on the ground next to the tray; and C) baited on the far side of a break in the tray. Results indicated that all five elephants (3 adults, 2 calves) met the criteria established for conditions A and B, and the two calves met criteria for Condition C.  The performance by the adults was similar to the performance of the Asian elephants (all adults) in the previous study.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"problem-solving, zoo elephants, means-end behavior, flexible learning, juveniles"}],"section":"Brief Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70v7j8s4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lauren","middle_name":"","last_name":"Highfill","name_suffix":"","institution":"Eckerd College","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mike","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burns","name_suffix":"","institution":"Zoo Tampa at Lowry Park","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kristina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Przystawik","name_suffix":"","institution":"Zoo Tampa at Lowry Park","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vincent","name_suffix":"","institution":"Eckerd College","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2018-03-25T03:40:46+02:00","date_accepted":"2018-03-25T03:40:46+02:00","date_published":"2018-06-18T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5483/galley/3312/download/"}]}