As the origin of directed self-placement (DSP), Grand Valley State University is in the unique position of having created, adapted, and maintained a DSP program for almost thirty years. This article explores the history of GVSU’s placement practices to articulate what we have learned about DSP amid our institution’s changing academic landscape. Using interviews and reflections from past and current administrators who lead our placement practices, we demonstrate that the philosophical foundation of DSP—student self-efficacy—remains the guiding light of our placement practices. However, we argue that multiple changes experienced at many institutions, including new admissions standards, changing student demographics, and the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, require WPAs to consider new questions about DSP to ensure that our placement practices promote equity and access to all students.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"directed self-placement"},{"word":"writing placement"},{"word":"institutional change"},{"word":"writing program administration"},{"word":"university admissions"}],"section":"Special Issue - Student Self Placement (SSP)","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7696n7gf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ferdinandt Stolley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Grand Valley State University","department":""},{"first_name":"Dauvan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mulally","name_suffix":"","institution":"Grand Valley State University","department":"Department of Writing"},{"first_name":"Craig","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hulst","name_suffix":"","institution":"Grand Valley State University","department":"Department of Writing"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-29T19:48:17.294000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-10T16:04:40.681000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-09T20:22:13.523000+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/1566/galley/35599/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/1566/galley/35599/download/"}]},{"pk":1564,"title":"Wrap-around support via a directed self placement model: A treatment for SLAC writing programs","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two WPAs at small and highly selective liberal arts colleges (SLACs) discuss the process of developing and implementing a “wrap-around” directed self placement (DSP) model. Beginning with a braided narrative, the authors discuss the impetus for the DSP, its impact on course placement, as well as using DSP data to create robust support plans for individual students. Of course, given the elite nature of the authors’ institutions, we also discuss how to apply a DSP model in a competitive and highly selective context where there are few, if any, developmental courses. Here, we offer possibilities for DSPs at SLACs that include retention and persistence tracking, as well as tracing self-efficacy by disciplinary specialization (i.e., STEM). We end by sharing our instruments and guidance on how SLAC WPAs can use DSP in novel and more comprehensive ways.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"liberal arts colleges"},{"word":"directed self placement"},{"word":"ecologies of writing"},{"word":"wrap-around support"}],"section":"Special Issue - Student Self Placement (SSP)","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62k3q7kp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Genie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Giaimo","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hofstra University","department":""},{"first_name":"Kristina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Reardon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Amherst College","department":"English"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-28T23:47:04.860000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-07-30T13:37:17.626000+02:00","date_published":"2025-04-09T20:21:57.624000+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/1564/galley/35620/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/1564/galley/35620/download/"}]},{"pk":1240,"title":"Using Completion Rubrics to Grade Engagement in Online Spaces","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study examines how completion rubrics impact student learning and agency in online asynchronous courses. The study was conducted during the Fall 2021 term in three 7.5-week courses: two sections of ENGL101 and one section of ENGL300. The analysis focuses on student survey responses. We found that student responses focused on defining labor, coming to terms with invisible labor, how they experienced this new assessment system, their perceptions about the connection between assessment and learning, and finally four distinct time-related themes. First, time emerged as a theme while students defined labor. Second, it appeared repeatedly as students discussed invisible labor and grading not accounting for time a task might take. Third, students distinguished between how previous experience and skills impact an individual’s time on task. Finally, students associated saving time with gaining agency and being able to prioritize other areas outside of the class. Completion rubrics empowered students to make well-informed choices about where they spend their time, allowing them to prioritize their learning needs. However, designing equitable assessment systems requires considering classroom context as each context presents unique challenges and opportunities. This study offers valuable insights for designing more inclusive online course curricula and assessments that acknowledge and account for students’ time.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"completion rubrics"},{"word":" invisible labor"},{"word":" student agency"},{"word":" online assessment"},{"word":"invisible labor"},{"word":"student agency"},{"word":"online assessment"},{"word":"time"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m47g95t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sallie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Koenig","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona","department":"English - Rhetoric, Composition, and the Teaching of English"},{"first_name":"Catrina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mitchum","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Shelley","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rodrigo","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-03-24T22:12:24.878000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-13T20:27:18.199000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-09T20:21:41.806000+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/1240/galley/35601/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/1240/galley/35601/download/"}]},{"pk":47109,"title":"Addendum: Quantitative Analysis of Honey Bee Blood-Ethanol Levels Following Exposure to Ethanol Vapors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This addendum reports an additional statistical analysis of the data of our earlier paper on the effect of exposing bees to ethanol vapor. The analysis indicated that inhaled ethanol is absorbed into the hemolymph, similar to the more traditional method of feeding bees ethanol. Therefore, both ingestion and inhalation can be used as effective methods of ethanol administration in honey bees.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"addiction"},{"word":"ethanol"},{"word":"Honey bee"},{"word":"inebriator"},{"word":"ethanol vapor"},{"word":"ethanol inhalation"}],"section":"Research Note","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46j7r18c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Raffaele","middle_name":"","last_name":"d'Isa","name_suffix":"","institution":"San Raffaele Scientific Institute","department":"Division of Neuroscience"},{"first_name":"Harrington","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wells","name_suffix":"","institution":"None","department":""},{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"I","last_name":"Abramson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Oklahoma State University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-31T14:16:47.033000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-31T20:06:01.267000+02:00","date_published":"2025-04-08T21:19:00+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"D'Isa_Final","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47109/galley/35623/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"D'Isa_Final","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47109/galley/35623/download/"}]},{"pk":24830,"title":"Successful Treatment of Paradoxical Vocal Cord Motion with Sub-dissociative Dose Ketamine: Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Paradoxical vocal cord motion (PVCM) is a primarily neuropsychiatric condition that causes inappropriate adduction of the vocal cords during respiration. This condition is commonly misdiagnosed and treated as refractory asthma or upper airway obstruction requiring intensive care unit-level of care. Recent expert opinion suggests that ketamine administration may promote PVCM symptom resolution; however, this phenomenon has not yet been documented in the literature.
\nCase Report: This is the case of a 23-year-old female who presented to the emergency department (ED) with acute PVCM exacerbation. After failing to respond to standard-of-care therapies including benzodiazepines, the patient was administered intravenous, sub-dissociative dose ketamine, which led to symptom resolution and discharge.
\nConclusion: Sub-dissociative dose ketamine may be a safe and effective therapy for PVCM exacerbations in the ED. In this report we explore the patient factors that likely mediated the clinical outcome in this case.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"paradoxical vocal cord motion; ketamine; case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c79x863","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Keaton","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cameron-Burr","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""},{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Terry-Kantor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""},{"first_name":"Taneisha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wilson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-11T06:47:10.272000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-05T12:23:05.663000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-07T18:37:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/24830/galley/35729/download/"}]},{"pk":39703,"title":"Case Report: 2-PAM or not 2-PAM","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Organophosphates (OP) are used as pest control agents worldwide and have been seen in accidental and intentional poisonings.
\nCase Report: A patient presented after intentional ingestion of the OP Orthene (50% acephate). Due to copious secretions, the patient was intubated and given atropine by the paramedic before transport. In the emergency department he displayed both muscarinic and nicotinic effects from OP ingestion. The patient was given multiple doses of atropine and a pralidoxime bolus. He was extubated and transferred to psychiatry two days later.
\nConclusion: Acute OP exposure is a rare but complex presentation in the United States. In the United States there are bans on several organophosphate varieties, which have reduced the number and severity of OP toxicities. Acephate is generally considered a safer OP by United States regulators and the World Health Organization. In this case report, we describe an OP exposure with marked symptoms requiring intubation and successful treatment with atropine and pralidoxime. We also discuss the role of oximes in acephate toxicity.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Orthene"},{"word":"acephate"},{"word":"organophosphate toxicity"},{"word":"Pralidoxime"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t10417b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Madelyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Huttner","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky","department":""},{"first_name":"Kahra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nix","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky","department":""},{"first_name":"Caitlyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Blair","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky","department":""},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Eisenstat","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Louisville, School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-08T00:52:33.617000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-18T00:32:25.271000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-07T18:30:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/39703/galley/35737/download/"}]},{"pk":38451,"title":"Bell Palsy Mimics: Lessons from Four Malpractice Cases","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bell palsy, an idiopathic dysfunction of the seventh cranial nerve, is the leading cause of unilateral facial paralysis, although other more serious entities such as stroke, infection, and tumor may present similarly, leading to both medical and legal risks in cases of misdiagnosis.
\nCase Series: We present four malpractice cases revolving around misdiagnosis of Bell palsy. These cases alleged failure to diagnose, failure to obtain informed consent, and failure to provide appropriate discharge instructions. Outcomes ranged from a jury verdict in favor of the physician, to an out-of-court settlment for $400,000, to a jury verdict in favor of the patieint for over $3.1 million.
\nConclusion: Bell palsy is the most common cause of unilateral facial paralysis. While the diagnosis can be made at the bedside without advanced testing, doing so requires a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, an appreciation for the role of advanced diagnostics, and thorough documentation of a supportive history and physical exam. Misdiagnosis or mismanagement confers both clinical and legal risks.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Bell's palsyliability"},{"word":"Malpractice"},{"word":"stroke"},{"word":"Bell's Palsy"},{"word":"liability"}],"section":"Medical Legal Case Report","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c7456x2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lindor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Summer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ghaith","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-10-28T19:49:58.673000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-13T21:55:45.207000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-05T18:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/38451/galley/35718/download/"}]},{"pk":21312,"title":"Event-related potentials and oscillatory brain activity reflect a complex interplay of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic information during the processing of German discourse particles","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Discourse particles are little words that provide non-at-issue content to sentences, reshaping the illocutionary force of an utterance. Among them, question-sensitive discourse particles (QDiPs), like German denn, are subject to a number of interacting syntactic, semantic and pragmatic licensing constraints, offering a unique window into language processing at the interfaces. We present EEG data on the processing of QDiPs in different types of interrogatives (eliciting either syntactic/semantic or pragmatic QDiP licensing), along with QDiPs in declaratives (i.e., unlicensed QDiPs resulting in ill-formed structures). The analysis of event-related potentials shows an increased negativity for QDiPs relative to a non-QDiP baseline in the P300/N400 time window; this is more pronounced for unlicensed QDiPs (in declaratives) than licensed QDiPs (in interrogatives). In the P600 time window, QDiPs elicit more positive-going curves than non-QDiPs, with this pattern wearing off for licensed, relative to unlicensed, QDiPs at later timepoints. Time-frequency analysis of the same EEG data reveals increased theta-band activity for non-QDiPs relative to QDiPs. We interpret the lower theta-band activity for QDiPs as reflecting the fact that QDiPs contribute non-at-issue meaning, but not at-issue meaning. Taken together, our findings showcase different aspects of QDiP processing; ranging from ERP correlates for straightforward licensing violations (late P600) and for increased processing cost during successful licensing (early P600) to oscillatory reflections of the ‘semantic weakness’ of discourse particles (lower theta-band activity). The two types of EEG analysis complement each other and tap into different aspects of language processing.
\n(*Kharaman and Czypionka share first authorship.)
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bm6t62c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mariya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kharaman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Konstanz","department":"Linguistics"},{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Czypionka","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Konstanz","department":"Linguistics"},{"first_name":"Carsten","middle_name":"","last_name":"Eulitz","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Konstanz","department":"Linguistics"}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-06T17:28:50.221000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-18T22:18:05.785000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-03T23:20:00+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/21312/galley/35526/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/21312/galley/35525/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/21312/galley/35526/download/"}]},{"pk":21145,"title":"Tablet Screen-Touch Behavior with Audiovisual Stimulus Consequences in the Common Marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The common marmoset is a nonhuman primate with a body size similar to an adult rat (approximately 250 – 450 g). This study examined the use of marmosets for behavior research on learning, focusing on the behavioral consequences of audiovisual stimuli (neither food nor liquid used as a reinforcer). A tablet (iPad®) was placed in each marmoset’s individual living cage during the experiment. On the tablet screen, nine small soundless videos of different nonhuman primate species were simultaneously presented. If the marmoset touched any of them, the touched video was zoomed-in on the screen; this was accompanied by the sound of primates chattering as the response consequence. After 2 months of repeated training sessions (10 min/day, 2 or 3 days/week), eight of the ten marmosets established the screen-touch behavior. In an extinction test for the response consequence, the screen-touch response to any of nine primate videos was examined after the presentation of a black screen instead of the above consequence. The number of touch responses decreased compared with baseline control values in three marmosets, whereas responses did not decrease in four marmosets. For the latter marmosets, it was considered that the stimulus changes from the videos to the black screen played a possible reinforcer to maintain the behavior in this test. These findings indicate that the screen-touch behavior, a new learned behavior in the nonhuman primate, could be an operant behavior with an audiovisual response consequence.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"common marmosets"},{"word":"sensory learning"},{"word":"tablet screen touch behavior"},{"word":"audiovisual consequence"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06k3f6x5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kiyoshi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ando","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central Institute for Experimental Medicine and Life Science","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-05-06T04:26:26.190000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-10-22T16:07:38.466000+02:00","date_published":"2025-04-02T18:00:00+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"Ando_FINAL","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/21145/galley/35579/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Ando_FINAL","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/21145/galley/35579/download/"}]},{"pk":47122,"title":"Book Review: Stonehenge: Sighting of the Sun","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Stonehenge"},{"word":"Ruggles"},{"word":"Chadburn"}],"section":"Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8j48d0zz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gail","middle_name":"","last_name":"Higginbottom","name_suffix":"","institution":"Instituto de Ciencias del Patrimonio (INCIPIT)","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-01T20:48:30.825000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-04-01T21:00:54.041000+02:00","date_published":"2025-04-02T02:06:00+02:00","render_galley":{"label":"Review of Stonehenge: Sighting of the Sun.","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jac/article/47122/galley/35583/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Review of Stonehenge: Sighting of the Sun.","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jac/article/47122/galley/35583/download/"}]},{"pk":34862,"title":"Retroperitoneal Necrotizing Fasciitis Following Prolonged Physical Activity: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Retroperitoneal necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, rapidly progressive, and often fatal infection of the retroperitoneum. In many cases the source of infection is unclear, and cutaneous signs of necrotizing fasciitis may be absent.
\nCase Report: We present the case of a 64-year-old female with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and breast cancer who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) and retroperitoneal necrotizing fasciitis following a 20-mile bike ride. The patient’s initial symptoms included severe muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, and flank pain. Diagnostic imaging and laboratory results indicated myositis and severe AKI. Despite aggressive treatment with antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and pain management, the patient developed septic shock and multiorgan failure, ultimately leading to her death.
\nConclusion: This case highlights the rapid progression and complexity of managing necrotizing fasciitis and AKI in the context of rhabdomyolysis. Early recognition and aggressive management are crucial in cases of suspected necrotizing fasciitis and AKI. Patients may not initially present with cutaneous findings suggestive of necrotizing fasciitis. Early involvement of a multidisciplinary team can improve patient outcomes in complex and rapidly deteriorating patients.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"acute kidney injury"},{"word":"Retroperitoneal necrotizing fasciitis"},{"word":"necrotizing fasciitis"},{"word":"pyomyositis"},{"word":"rhabdomyolysis"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3373679m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jordan","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Pollock","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Radiology, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Edmundo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chantler","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Bhavesh","middle_name":"","last_name":"Patel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Nelly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Radiology, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Wayne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Martini","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-26T05:29:24.123000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-07T21:26:41.267000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-01T18:51:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/34862/galley/35739/download/"}]},{"pk":35485,"title":"Quincke Triad and Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Presenting to the Emergency Department: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hepatic artery aneurysms are exceedingly rare, often asymptomatic, and usually diagnosed when patients present with complications such as rupture or bile duct obstruction.
\nCase Report: This report describes a 70-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with Quincke triad (epigastric pain, obstructive jaundice, and gastrointestinal bleeding) and was diagnosed with multiple hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms with a thrombosed fistulous connection to the biliary system. She was treated effectively with extensive embolization and biliary stenting.
\nConclusion: This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and highlights the role of multidisciplinary intervention in preventing life-threatening complications from hepatic artery aneurysms.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"aneurysm"},{"word":"gastrointestinal bleeding"},{"word":"hepatic"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25d453gg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Courtney","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wham","name_suffix":"","institution":"Denver Health, Emergency Medicine Residency, Denver, Colorado Denver Health,","department":""},{"first_name":"Daria","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nicke","name_suffix":"","institution":"Paramedic Division, Denver, Colorado","department":""},{"first_name":"Justin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Paramedic Division, Denver, Colorado","department":""},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"","last_name":"Meller","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Aurora, Colorado","department":""},{"first_name":"Premal","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trivedi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Aurora, Colorado","department":""},{"first_name":"Andra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Farcas","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-28T00:30:31.507000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-12T10:43:29.222000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-01T18:39:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/35485/galley/35738/download/"}]},{"pk":3861,"title":"Case Report: Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation Resolved by Double External Defibrillation and Beta Blockade","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The mortality rate for refractory ventricular fibrillation (RVF) can be up to 97%. There is no widely accepted treatment plan for this stage of ventricular fibrillation besides the standard combination of defibrillation, amiodarone, and epinephrine. One novel approach that has been documented in a select few cases since 2015 is the combination of double external defibrillation (DED) and esmolol-induced beta blockade.
\nCase Report: We report the case of a 65-year-old man who presented with RVF after collapsing at work. Upon the simultaneous administration of two defibrillators with a combined shock of 400 joules and 35 milligrams of the beta blocker esmolol, the patient regained pulse and began blinking. He was discharged from the hospital after seven days and walked out of the clinic.
\nConclusion: This case continues the trend of several case reports since 2015 that have featured beta blockade and double external defibrillation as a viable solution to refractory ventricular fibrillation. Since there is limited quantifiable data on the efficacy of this treatment, future studies should aim to evaluate whether the combination of DED and beta blockade has the potential to become the new standard in treating RVF over a broader patient population.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Refractory ventricular fibrillation"},{"word":"Double external defibrillation"},{"word":"Beta blockade"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/11w9m6h7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Humza","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Upstate Medical University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Syracuse, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Campoli","name_suffix":"","institution":"Upstate Medical University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Syracuse, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wojcik","name_suffix":"","institution":"Upstate Medical University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Syracuse, New York","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-25T08:15:38.250000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-04-22T11:50:56.103000+02:00","date_published":"2025-04-01T18:23:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/3861/galley/35736/download/"}]},{"pk":19417,"title":"Emergency Physician Assessment of Productivity and Supervision Practices","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Despite a lack of data guiding safe standards for physician productivity and supervision of non-physician practitioners (NPP), legislation dictating supervision ratios for emergency physicians (EP) has been enacted in Florida and elsewhere across the country. To inform future legislation, we aim to identify current productivity and supervision practices among practicing EPs as well as those physicians’ safety assessments of their current practices.
\nMethods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study regarding EPs’ perspectives on safe staffing and supervision models. A survey, consisting of 14 questions examining different variables affecting supervision and productivity, was used to determine physicians’ opinions on the safety of productivity and supervision models across a range of annual volumes, employers, and years of experience. We coded safety assessments as binary (yes/no) and measured productivity by patients treated per hour. Ratios of physician to supervisee (either resident physician or or NPP) were given as number of supervisees: EP.
\nResults: The survey response rate was 4.8% (196/4,004). On average, most EPs treated 2.6 patients per hour, regardless of years of experience, employment model, or supervision model. More than 80% of EPs felt that their current patients-per- hour practice was safe. Direct supervision represented 59% of total visits and the majority in all employment models except for community contract-management groups (CMG). A minimum of 80% of physicians felt that their current supervision practices were safe across employment models, with the notable exception of community CMGs. Most felt that a safe ratio for direct supervision of NPPs was 1:1. Over 30% reported there was no safe staffing ratio for indirect supervision.
\nConclusion: With the exception of those employed by community contract-management groups, EPs felt that their current productivity and supervision practices were safe; however, average productivity and supervision ratios are much lower than prior estimates and in current legislation governing emergency department practice. Standards of care for both productivity and supervision that take into account current practices and safety assessments should be established and considered when future policies and legislation are developed.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"productivity"},{"word":"superivision"},{"word":"non-physician practitioner"},{"word":"nurse-practitioner"},{"word":"physician assistant"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23x4c198","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kraftin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schreyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Diane","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kuhn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana","department":""},{"first_name":"Vicki","middle_name":"","last_name":"Norton","name_suffix":"","institution":"Florida Atlantic University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-02-08T20:04:22.164000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-09T22:30:50.566000+01:00","date_published":"2025-04-01T18:14:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19417/galley/36389/download/"}]},{"pk":61720,"title":"California Statewide Action Plan for Asian Citrus Psyllid and Huanglongbing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This document sets forth the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Citrus Pest and Disease Prevention Division’s (CPDPD) statewide Action Plan for Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) and huanglongbing (HLB). This document details the program implemented by CPDPD to sustain and protect California’s commercial citrus production, residential citrus plantings, and naturalresources.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Special Topics","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7f8085cb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Courtney","middle_name":"","last_name":"Albrecht","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Amelia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hicks","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Victoria","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hornbaker","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Sara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khalid","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Lucita","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kumagai","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Morgan","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Keith","middle_name":"","last_name":"Okasaki","name_suffix":"","institution":"CDFA","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2025-04-01T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"California Statewide Action Plan for Asian Citrus Psyllid and Huanglongbing","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/61720/galley/47608/download/"}]},{"pk":35262,"title":"Social Determinants of Health and Health Literacy in Emergency Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Social determinants of health (SDoH) and health literacy have been demonstrated to significantly impact health outcomes. As part of a study of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) treatment from the emergency department (ED), we assessed the burden of SDoH and health literacy among patients with DKA to identify potentially modifiable risk factors in the development of DKA.
\nMethods: This was an exploratory, prospective, cross-sectional study of adult patients with DKA in a large urban academic ED from March 2023–March 2024. We administered the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Accountable Health Communities Health-Related Social Needs Screening Tool (SNST) and the Brief Health Literacy Screen (BHLS).
\nResults: Of 126 identified ED patients with confirmed DKA, 57 completed the SNST and 72 completed the BHLS. Nearly all patients (56 patients, 98%) reported at least one unmet SDoH need, and 32 (56%) patients reported five or more. The most frequently reported SDoH needs were physical activity (77%), mental health (63%), financial strain (60%), substance use (54%), and food insecurity (51%). Seventy-two patients completed the BHLS, which demonstrated high levels of health literacy, with median responses ranging from 4-5 on a Likert scale with 5 corresponding to highest health literacy.
\nConclusion: Social determinants of health needs are prominent among patients who develop DKA, highlighting an opportunity for ED-based interventions to address specific SDoH factors to prevent the development of this disease. Self-reported health literacy scores were high in this patient population.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"social determinants of health"},{"word":"Diabetes"},{"word":"Health Literacy"},{"word":"insulin"},{"word":"Physical activity"},{"word":"Diabetic ketoacidosis"}],"section":"Health Equity","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3wm4f04f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"F.","last_name":"Suarez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Schneider","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Margo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Girardi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine Divisions of Hospital Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Gina","middle_name":"","last_name":"LaRossa","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine Divisions of Hospital Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Julianne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yeary","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Taylor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kaser","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ancona","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Paula","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cruz Bravo","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""},{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"Griffey","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-02T21:14:50.013000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-26T20:31:12.993000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T18:53:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35262/galley/36373/download/"}]},{"pk":18597,"title":"Epidemiology of 911 Calls for Opioid Overdose in Nogales, Arizona","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: Drug overdose is the leading cause of unintentional death in the United States, and individuals identifying as BIPOC (Black, indigenous and people of color) and those of low socioeconomic status are over-represented in this statistic. The US-Mexico border faces several unique challenges when it comes to healthcare and the drug overdose crisis, due in large part to health inequities. Although the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that overdose prevention programs address health inequities, little is known about opioid overdoses in this rural, primarily Spanish-speaking region. As emergency medical services (EMS) records collect countywide data, they represent a high-quality source for epidemiologic surveillance.
\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective chart review based on a local quality assurance program in which two years of EMS records were reviewed with the primary objective of characterizing patients receiving prehospital care for opioid overdoses in a rural, borderland community, and the secondary objective of characterizing EMS’s fidelity to a naloxone distribution protocol. We included electronic patient care records for analysis if they included the EMS clinician’s impression of overdose, opiate abuse, or opiate-related disorder from November 1, 2020–October 31,2022. The following data points were abstracted: date; patient initials/gender/age; police presence; response location; bystanders on scene; naloxone administration prior to EMS arrival; distribution of naloxone kit (yes/no); substance reported; and disposition. We analyzed descriptive statistics.
\nResults: A total of 74 cases met inclusion criteria over two years with the majority of cases involving men (82%) with a median age of 28. Almost half of overdoses occurred at private residences (46%), and slightly more than half (57%) reported fentanyl use prior to overdose. Family or friends were usually (64%) on scene, and law enforcement was often (77%) the first 911 to arrive. Naloxone was administered on scene in almost all cases (91%), usually by EMS (44%) or law enforcement (43%). The EMS clinicians distributed naloxone kits at 61% of calls.
\nConclusion: Opioid overdoses along the US-Mexico border occurred primarily among young men using illicit fentanyl in private residences. Although family/friends were often present, they rarely administered naloxone. Law enforcement was often the first 911 responder to arrive. Emergency medical services is a suitable setting for naloxone distribution programs.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"addiction"},{"word":"chaotic drug use"},{"word":"Substance Use Disorder"},{"word":"prehospital"},{"word":"EMS"},{"word":"border"},{"word":"borderlands"},{"word":"opioid use disorder"},{"word":"naloxone"},{"word":"naloxone distribution"},{"word":"OEND"}],"section":"Emergency Medical Services","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61160495","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Melody","middle_name":"","last_name":"Glenn","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Tucson, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Darien","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stratton","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pittsburgh, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Keith","middle_name":"","last_name":"Primeau","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Amber","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rice","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-11-22T21:51:10+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-14T21:01:14.524000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T18:15:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18597/galley/36393/download/"}]},{"pk":62911,"title":"Assessing Fish Distribution in Richardson Bay, California: A Preliminary Dual-Frequency Identification Sonar and Environmental Data Approach","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Estuaries provide critical habitat for many economically and ecologically valuable species that are adapted to a wide range of conditions and environmental variability, but the often turbid water presents challenges to monitoring efforts. This study explored fish habitat use in Richardson Bay, California (a sub-estuary of San Francisco Bay) at two points in time: one following a dry winter (2016) and the other following a historically wet winter (2017). Dual-frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON) was used to record finfish and ray (>10 cm) abundance (MaxN) and size distribution, putative ray foraging pit size and abundance (MaxN), and eelgrass (Zostera marina) presence. We measured temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) at each site, and water samples at a subset of sites for nutrient analysis (urea, ammonium, nitrate, silicate, phosphate). Relationships between these data were explored using an information-theoretic modeling approach. Finfish abundance was best predicted by nutrient concentration in 2016 (–) and eelgrass presence in 2017 (–), whereas fish length was best predicted by salinity in 2016 (–) and eelgrass presence in 2017 (+). Foraging-pit abundance was strongly related to nutrient concentrations (+) in both years. This work presents a first attempt to establish relationships between fish distributions and environmental variables in Richardson Bay, and highlights the value of imaging sonar for studying fish communities in turbid estuaries.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"imaging sonar, fish community, salinity, nutrients, eelgrass, bioturbation, ray pits"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qf7j90m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carmen","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Ritter","name_suffix":"","institution":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center\nEdgewater, MD 21037 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Jack","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Olson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission\nMarathon, FL 33050 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cochlan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwest Indian College, Salish Sea Research Center\nBellingham, WA 98226 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Kathryn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Boyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"San Francisco State University, Estuary and Ocean Science Center, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Goodison","name_suffix":"","institution":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center\nEdgewater, MD 21037 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Gregory","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ruiz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center\nEdgewater, MD 21037 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ogburn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Smithsonian Environmental Research Center\nEdgewater, MD 21037 USA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-18T07:27:21+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-18T07:27:21+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62911/galley/48597/download/"}]},{"pk":62909,"title":"Assessing the State and Efficacy of Climate Governance Research and Practice in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Climate change affects nearly every aspect of the interdependent biophysical and social systems in California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta. Mitigating and adapting to these effects will require effective climate governance: referring to the actors, rules, and processes through which decisions are made to prevent and respond to climate change. How governance systems effectively achieve these goals has become an increasingly central question in climate social science and climate policy debates, both at global and local scales. This paper reviews the state of science on climate governance in the Delta and investigates the extent to which effective climate governance characteristics operate in this region. The literature on climate governance broadly distills two key dimensions that scholars suggest influence efficacy: the structure of a governance system (e.g., extent of centralization and decentralization and mechanisms for coordination) and the degree of reactivity or proactivity in its processes. We review the available literature on Delta-specific governance, tracing the historical evolution of environmental governance in the Delta, and highlighting current efforts that illustrate different structural and procedural governance elements. Our synthesis finds robust evidence that characterizes the Delta’s governance system as dominantly polycentric and multi-scaler, increasingly participatory, and with a high aptitude for learning and innovation. Nevertheless, the region also faces key challenges around fragmentation and institutional fit, legacy policies that hamper transformational or proactive climate actions, and long-standing conflict among resource users and governing agencies. We conclude that the combination of high polycentricity alongside high levels of conflict and power asymmetries among affected parties in the Delta contributes to what can feel like “governance gridlock” and an inability to change the status quo to navigate new climate regimes equitably and effectively. These findings have implications for identifying steps forward for governance research and practice, both regionally in the Delta and beyond.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"climate change, governance, equity, adaptive governance, transformational governance, polycentric, institutions, actors"}],"section":"The State of Bay-Delta Science 2025, Part 1","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67w3k56z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jessica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rudnick","name_suffix":"","institution":"Current: US Department of Agriculture Forest Service\nChicago, IL 60640 USA\n\nFormer: Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program \nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Tanya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heikkila","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado–Denver, School of Public Affairs\nDenver, CO 80204 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Koebele","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Nevada–Reno, Political Science\nReno, NV 89557 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Tiffany","middle_name":"","last_name":"Morrison","name_suffix":"","institution":"James Cook University, College of Science and Engineering\nTownsville, Queensland, Australia\n\nUniversity of Melbourne, School of Resource Management and Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Science \nParkville, Victoria Australia\n\nWageningen University and Research, Environmental Policy Group\nWageningen, Gelderland, Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Chelsea","middle_name":"","last_name":"Batavia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Current: Washington State Department of Ecology\nLacey, WA 98503 USA\n\nFormer: Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-18T07:03:52+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-18T07:03:52+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62909/galley/48595/download/"}]},{"pk":62912,"title":"Drought in the Delta: Socio-Ecological Impacts, Responses, and Tools","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Droughts are frequent events in the western United States, and can disrupt water supply and degrade water quality, challenging water management in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (Delta). This chapter for the State of Bay–Delta Science report describes what drought means for the Delta, how drought is managed in the Delta, and how drought management has changed over time. Projections of future climate indicate the possibility of increased frequency and severity of droughts which would have increasing effects on California’s water system, society, and ecological functions within and beyond the Delta. California has experienced several major droughts in the 20th and 21st centuries, each of which has caused significant social and ecological impacts and motivated improvements in water management. Droughts decrease native fish populations, increase harmful algal blooms, and promote the spread of many invasive plant and animal species. For people living within the Delta and those that rely on Delta water exports, droughts increase drinking water costs and decrease agricultural production, negatively affecting agricultural economies and labor markets. Tools developed in response to droughts include actions that increase supply, such as building water infrastructure, actions to reduce demand, such as water conservation campaigns, and mitigation actions, such as monetary relief for drought-impacted communities. Improving drought resilience requires development of additional drought responses, increased forecasting accuracy, and increased awareness of impacts on vulnerable communities and ecosystems. Even with development of additional management actions, strategies, and regulations, there will likely be difficulties meeting the current levels of demand for water. Drought conditions already cause conflict between human and environmental uses, and with more extreme droughts possible in the future and projected increases in demand, it will be challenging to provide for all users’ needs even with major changes to water management in the Delta.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"drought, extreme events, climate, socioecological systems, water management"}],"section":"The State of Bay-Delta Science 2025, Part 1","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8c756578","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rosemary","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hartman","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Water Resources, West Sacramento, CA 95691-6521 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Noah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Knowles","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Amanda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fencl","name_suffix":"","institution":"Union of Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC [zip?] USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Julia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ekstrom","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-18T08:04:38+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-18T08:04:38+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62912/galley/48598/download/"}]},{"pk":62910,"title":"Heatwaves and Rising Temperatures in the Upper San Francisco Estuary: Trends and Effects on Ecosystems and Humans","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Rising temperature is one direct consequence of climate change, and temperature is a key controlling variable on biological processes from molecular to ecosystem scales. While rising average temperature is one of the most discussed aspects of climate change, extreme events such as heatwaves are also expected to increase in duration, intensity, and frequency. These changes will bring about effects that threaten the integrity of the upper San Francisco Estuary (estuary) ecosystem, the services they provide to humans, and the health of humans that reside in the region. In the estuary, warmer temperatures are expected to result in seasonal shifts to life-cycle timing, and to favor smaller-bodied individuals across most non-human taxa. Several native fish species will likely decline, while a considerable number of non-native and cosmopolitan species tolerant of high temperatures are predicted to be relatively unaffected by or even benefit from a warmer climate. For humans, high temperatures and heatwaves are associated with wide-ranging health effects, from direct effects such as dehydration and heat exhaustion, to indirect and adverse health outcomes such as lower birth weight, mental health problems, and violence. These health effects will be exacerbated by ecosystem changes, as a longer warm season will increase our exposure to vectors such as mosquitos, as well as to the toxins produced by harmful algal blooms. Climate change is a global issue that cannot be resolved effectively at a regional level; however, some actions can either be taken or further studied to potentially lessen the effects of rising temperatures for the estuary’s ecosystem and residents at a more localized level. Although decreasing global greenhouse gas emissions remains our best option to combat climate change and the resultant temperature increases, successful adaptation to warming and heatwaves will require actions at multiple scales.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"The State of Bay-Delta Science 2025, Part 1","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n14h0pq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mahardja","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Bureau of Reclamation, Bay-Delta Office\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Samuel","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Bashevkin","name_suffix":"","institution":"California State Water Resources Control Board\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Catarina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pien","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Bureau of Reclamation, Bay-Delta Office\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Shruti","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khanna","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife\nStockton, CA 95206 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Dharshani","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pearson","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Community and Environmental Epidemiology Research Branch\nOakland, CA 94612 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Brittany","middle_name":"","last_name":"Davis","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Water Resources\nWest Sacramento, CA 95691 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Rupa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Basu","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Community and Environmental Epidemiology Research Branch\nOakland, CA 94612 USA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-18T07:12:43+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-18T07:12:43+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62910/galley/48596/download/"}]},{"pk":62908,"title":"The State of Bay–Delta Science: An Introduction to the 2025 Extreme Events Edition","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The State of Bay–Delta Science (SBDS) is intended to inform science and policy audiences about the “state of the science” for topics relevant to management of the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (“Bay–Delta”) system. When referencing the Bay–Delta system, we include the atmosphere, watershed, politics, and governance at a broad scale. Each SBDS edition has communicated new insights on a range of high-priority issues by synthesizing the current science and discussing progress on key research questions, knowledge gaps, and proposed future research. Collectively, these editions provide valuable summaries of the physical, biological, and social dimensions of the Bay–Delta. The first edition in 2008 provided a system-wide baseline on history, geography, water quality, ecosystem restoration, levee integrity, water supply, and public policy issues in the Bay–Delta (Healey et al. 2008). Eight years later, the second edition featured research on a dozen priority topics identified by senior scientists and managers working in the Bay–Delta (Healey et al. 2016), ranging from landscape change to migratory fishes to contaminants. Most recently, the third edition addressed research priorities identified in the 2017–2021 Science Action Agenda (DSC 2017), with a focus on the ecosystem services of primary producers (e.g., plants, algae, and their associated carbon) in the Bay–Delta (Larsen et al. 2023). Now, this fourth edition of SBDS focuses on governance and extreme events affecting the Bay–Delta: droughts, heatwaves, wildfires, and atmospheric rivers. The edition explores physical and ecological processes within the Bay–Delta that are responding to changes in large-scale forcing phenomena, primarily those associated with climate change, building on the rich long-term time-series data collected by regional and statewide monitoring programs.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"climate change, heatwaves, drought, wildfires, atmospheric rivers"}],"section":"The State of Bay-Delta Science 2025, Part 1","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/19x978df","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Janet","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Thompson","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nMenlo Park, CA 94025 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Clifford","middle_name":"N.","last_name":"Dahm","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of New Mexico\nAlbuquerque, NM 87131 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Mairgareth","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Christman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Denise","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Colombano","name_suffix":"","institution":"Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Rowlands","name_suffix":"","institution":"Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA; \n\nCalifornia Sea Grant Scripps Institute of Oceanography, University of California‒San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093 USA","department":""},{"first_name":"Lisamarie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Windham-Myers","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nMenlo Park, CA 94025 USA\n\nDelta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program\nSacramento, CA 95814 USA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-18T05:57:33+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-18T05:57:33+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-31T09:00:00+02:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62908/galley/48594/download/"}]},{"pk":2590,"title":"An investigation of definiteness as a trigger of bridging","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A bridged interpretation of a noun phrase (NP) is one in which the referent is understood to stand in some unstated relation to an entity or event previously mentioned in the discourse. For example, in the sequence Yasmin approached the house. The door was open., the NP the door is naturally interpreted as referring to a door of the just-mentioned house. In the theoretical literature, definiteness is often identified as the key driver of bridged interpretations, requiring an alternative analysis for bridged indefinites (Yasmin approached the house. A door was open.). We contrast this two-phenomena approach with a one-phenomenon approach, whereby bridging inferences are understood to be the result of general considerations of discourse coherence, particularly facilitated by entity relatedness, but also responsive to effects of definiteness. We present two new methods aimed at measuring the ease and strength of participants’ bridging inferences when entity relatedness and definiteness are manipulated. The two-phenomena view predicts that definiteness has a distinctive role to play in inducing bridged interpretations, but contra this view, our results show no independent effect of definiteness. Rather, Experiment 1 (a dialogue-continuation task that probes the presence of bridged interpretations) shows only a main effect of entity relatedness. In Experiment 2 (a self-paced-reading task that probes processing difficulty when a potential bridge is broken), we find an interaction whereby high entity relatedness and the presence of the definite together induce an early commitment to a bridged interpretation. We take these findings to support a unified account in which definite NPs do not require a separate bridging mechanism, but rather are treated like other NPs in being subject to the joint satisfaction of a set of linguistic and more broadly pragmatic constraints.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4th7k78b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mandy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Simons","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carnegie Mellon University","department":"Philosophy"},{"first_name":"Hannah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rohde","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Edinburgh","department":"Linguistics & English Language"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-17T03:11:14.378000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-04T20:01:21.670000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-25T15:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/2590/galley/31365/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/2590/galley/31364/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/2590/galley/31365/download/"}]},{"pk":21217,"title":"When multiple talker exposure is necessary for cross-talker generalization: Insights into the emergence of sociolinguistic perception","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Sociolinguistic research finds that: (i) the speech signal contains talker-specific and socio-indexical structure, with talkers varying idiosyncratically within the same social category and systematically across categories; (ii) both talker-specific and socio-indexical variation influence speech perception. What is unclear is how sociolinguistic perception arises—following exposure to an unfamiliar, socially-mediated variant, how do listeners learn that this feature is characteristic of a broader social group and can generalize to other group members? The current study exposed listeners to an unattested variant in L1-English (a /p/ to [b] phonetic shift), investigating how the number of exposure talkers mediates cross-talker generalization. All participants completed an exposure phase (phrase-final keyword identification) followed by a test phase (categorization along a buy–pie continuum for a novel female and male talker in separate blocks). Experiment 1 exposed listeners to a single shifted female talker (“The novel is now in brint”) and a single unshifted male talker. Experiment 2 presented two shifted female and two shifted male talkers. We find: (i) no generalization in Experiment 1 (no difference in buy–pie response between the novel talkers); (ii) robust generalization in Experiment 2 (greater pie response for the novel female than the novel male talker), but only when the novel female block is presented first (i.e., generalization is short-lived). Taken together, the results support a numerosity account: when a previously unheard social variant is presented, multiple talkers per social group seem to be necessary for socially-mediated, cross-talker generalization. This study highlights a critical role of the listener’s social experiences on generalization—multi-talker exposure might be unnecessary when exposed to more familiar types of speech (e.g., L2-accented English) and necessary when exposed to completely unfamiliar variants. Overall, the present experiments enhance our theoretical understanding of cross-talker generalization and offer insights into the emergence of sociolinguistic perception.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m13r0xc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aoki","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Davis","department":"Department of Linguistics"},{"first_name":"Georgia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zellou","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Davis","department":"Department of Linguistics"}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-25T23:13:35.753000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-15T19:08:22.818000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-25T15:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/21217/galley/32329/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/21217/galley/32329/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/21217/galley/32330/download/"}]},{"pk":20814,"title":"Characteristics of Alcohol-based Hand Sanitizer Ingestions in Florida Before and During the Coronavirus-2019 Pandemic","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hand sanitizer use and media coverage increased throughout the coronavirus-2019 pandemic. In this study our goal was to examine and compare the incidence, demographics, and clinical outcomes of exposures to alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the state of Florida.
\nMethods: We analyzed statewide data on all ABHS exposures in adults collected by the Florida Poison Information Network from March 1, 2015–February 28, 2020 (“pre-COVID-19” cohort) and during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 1, 2020–May 5, 2023 (“COVID-19” cohort). We performed descriptive, univariable, and multivariable analyses to assess changes in sex, age, medical outcome, and intentionality of the exposure in the pre-COVID-19 vs COVID-19 study periods, and we examined the factors associated with medical outcomes.
\nResults: We identified 876 single-substance ingestions of ABHS, 414 in the pre-COVID-19 cohort and 462 in the COVID-19 cohort. The proportions of ABHS ingestions increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic in all age groups except the 25-50 age group, where it decreased. Individuals 18-24 of age and those ≥51 years showed a relative increase in both intentional and unintentional ingestions during the COVID-19 period compared to the 25-50 age group. The significant risk factors associated with more severe outcomes in exposed individuals were intentional exposures and younger age.
\nConclusion: Unintentional ingestions of alcohol-based hand sanitizers showed a relative increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in individuals 18-25 years of age and those ≥51. Both intentional ingestions and younger age increased the likelihood of moderate or severe outcomes. Harm reduction strategies targeted toward younger individuals and those with intentional ingestions should be considered during future pandemics.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Hand sanitizer"},{"word":"Intentional Exposure"},{"word":"COVID"}],"section":"Toxicology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t5392nt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Justin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Arnold","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of South Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tampa, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Amira","middle_name":"","last_name":"Athanasios","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hackensack Meridian Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Neptune, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Diep","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nguyen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of South Florida, Department of Child and Family Studies, Tampa, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Rahul","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mhaskar","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of South Florida, Department of Medical Education, Tampa, Florida","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-04-16T21:58:53.912000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-16T18:23:45.583000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-24T17:54:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20814/galley/36408/download/"}]},{"pk":24990,"title":"Case Study of How Alleviating “Pebbles in the Shoe” Improves Operations in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Addressing minor yet significant frustrations, or “pebbles,” in the workplace can reduce physician burnout, as noted by the American Medical Association. These “pebbles” are small workflow issues that are relatively easy to fix but can significantly improve the workday when resolved. This quality improvement project aimed to enhance clinician well-being in an emergency department (ED) affiliated with an academic institution through human-centered design by actively engaging clinicians to identify these “pebbles” and for a dedicated team to address them.
\nMethods: A task force comprised of three emergency physicians collaborating with emergency medicine leadership was established. After educating clinicians about “pebbles,” clinicians were able to anonymously submit pebbles based on recall of frustrations in a baseline survey at the start of the project, as well as submit pebbles in real time by a QR code that was placed in easily noticeable areas. The task force met bimonthly to categorize, prioritize, and assign ownership of the pebbles. Progress was communicated to staff via a monthly “stop light” report. An anonymous survey assessed the impact on clinician well-being among 68 emergency clinicians within seven months of starting the project.
\nResults: Over seven months, 284 pebbles were submitted (approximately 40 per month). The feasibility of addressing pebbles was characterized by a color scale: green (easy to fix): 149 (53%); yellow (more complex): 111 (39%); and red (not feasible, “boulder”): 24 (8%). Categories of pebbles included the following: equipment/supply: 115 (40%); nursing/clinical: 86 (30%); process: 64 (23%); and information technology/technology: 19 (7%). A total of 214 pebbles (75%) were completed. Among 51 respondents (75% response rate), the self-reported impact on well-being of having pebbles addressed was as follows: extremely effective: 16 (31%); very effective: 25 (49%); moderately effective: 8 (16%); slightly effective: 2 (4%); and not effective 0 (0%).
\nConclusion: In addition to improving personal resilience, improving well-being in the ED involves addressing efficiency of practice. This project highlights the positive impact of resolving small, feasible issues identified by clinicians, which resulted in 80% of respondents rating the project as very to extremely effective in improving their well-being. Most pebbles were related to equipment and easily fixed, while issues involving human interactions (eg, communications between consultants and EM) were more challenging. Regular meetings and accountability facilitated progress. This approach is replicable across medical specialties and practice settings, offering a low-cost method to enhance clinician work environments and well-being.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"operations"},{"word":"Efficiency of Practice"},{"word":"Patient Safety"},{"word":"burnout"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0820p1jh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Diana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Savitzky","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York; NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Yash","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chavda","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York; NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Suchismita","middle_name":"","last_name":"Datta","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York; NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Reens","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York; NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Conklin","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Scott","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"","last_name":"Caspers","name_suffix":"","institution":"NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York; NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-20T18:01:37.984000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-10T01:37:09.685000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-24T16:41:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24990/galley/36392/download/"}]},{"pk":35589,"title":"Effects of Emergency Department Training on Buprenorphine Prescribing and Opioid Use Disorder-Associated ED Revisits: Retrospective Cohort Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prescribing patients buprenorphine from the emergency department (ED) is recommended by multiple organizations. However, it is unclear how best to encourage physicians to prescribe buprenorphine from the ED. Our objectives in this study were to examine the effects of a departmental-wide training initiative for emergency physicians to prescribe buprenorphine, increase buprenorphine prescribing, and decrease ED re-utilization for opioid use disorder (OUD) complications.
\nMethods: We performed this retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center. Beginning May 1, 2018, the ED started a buprenorphine-education initiative and tracked the proportion of clinicians who obtained buprenorphine-prescribing certification over the following 16 months. We identified adult patients referred to an addiction clinic from the ED during this period. Our primary outcome was the proportion of patients who received a buprenorphine prescription from the ED. Secondary outcomes included ED re-utilization for OUD complications and buprenorphine refills, as well as follow-up in the bridge clinic within 30 days.
\nResults: The proportion of physicians eligible to prescribe buprenorphine increased from 37% to 88% over the study period, and 430 patients were referred to an addiction clinic. The proportion of patients referred to a bridge program who received a buprenorphine prescription increased from 50% during the first month compared to 92% during month 16 (odds ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.08-1.21 per month). There were no statistically significant changes in any secondary outcomes.
\nConclusion: Our intervention increased buprenorphine prescribing by emergency physicians. It did not decrease ED reutilization for complications related to opioid use disorder.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"bridge clinic"},{"word":"buprenorphine"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"opioid use disorder"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0tw5j5vf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Torchiano","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Roberts","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Haroz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Center for Healing, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"","last_name":"Milburn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Center for Healing, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Kaitlan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Baston","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Center for Healing, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Jessica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heil","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Center for Healing, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Valerie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ganetsky","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Center for Healing, Camden, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Salzman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, New Jersey; Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Center for Healing, Camden, New Jersey","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-26T20:35:33.358000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-02T18:12:59.453000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-24T16:30:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35589/galley/36401/download/"}]},{"pk":42065,"title":"Legislating Fear: How Immigration Status Mandates Threaten Public Health","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Health Equity","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bb0v5fv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"Sangeyup","last_name":"Yun","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":""},{"first_name":"Lindsey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Williams","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":""},{"first_name":"Janice","middle_name":"","last_name":"Blanchard","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-01-27T20:05:39.756000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-31T19:23:19.980000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-24T16:15:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42065/galley/36696/download/"}]},{"pk":42064,"title":"Caught Unprepared: The Urgent Need for Reproductive Health Training in Emergency Medicine","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Women's Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ds197x1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"Sangeyup","last_name":"Yun","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":""},{"first_name":"Monica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Saxena","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-01-27T20:04:07.738000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-31T19:23:27.755000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-24T16:07:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42064/galley/36422/download/"}]},{"pk":23666,"title":"Predictive Factors and Nomogram for 30-Day Mortality in Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: Heatstroke (HS) is a severe condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In this study we aimed to identify early risk factors that impacted the 30-day mortality of HS patients and establish a predictive model to assist clinicians in identifying the risk of death.
\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, analyzing the clinical data of 203 HS patients between May 2016–September 2024. The patients were divided into two groups: those who had died within 30 days of symptom onset; and those who had survived. We analyzed the risk factors affecting 30-day mortality. A nomogram was drawn to visualize the clinical model. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve to verify the accuracy of the nomogram. A decision curve analysis was also performed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the nomogram.
\nResults: Within a 30-day period, 57 patients (28.08%) died. The APACHE II score, the ratio of lactate-to-albumin (LAR), and the core temperature at 30 minutes after admission were independent risk factors for death of HS patients at 30 days. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting mortality based on the APACHE II score was 0.867, with a sensitivity of 96.5% and a specificity of 61.6%. Moreover, the AUC for predicting mortality based on the LAR was 0.874, with a sensitivity of 93.0% and a specificity of 77.4%. The AUC based on the core temperature at 30 minutes after admission was 0.774, with a sensitivity of 70.2% and a specificity of 78.8%. Finally, the AUC for predicting death due to HS using the combination of these three factors was 0.928, with a sensitivity of 82.5% and a specificity of 91.8%. The calibration curve and the decision-curve analysis showed that the new nomogram had better accuracy and potential application value in predicting the prognosis of HS patients.
\nConclusion: A nomogram with these three indicators in combination—APACHE II score, lactate-to-albumin ratio, and core temperature at 30 minutes after admission—can be used to predict 30-day mortality of heatstroke patients.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Heat stroke"},{"word":"predictive model"},{"word":"30-Day Mortality"}],"section":"Climate Change","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17m5b0mb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Li","middle_name":"","last_name":"anxin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""},{"first_name":"Yuchen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing Medical University the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Hematology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""},{"first_name":"Xiaoshi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""},{"first_name":"Zixiao","middle_name":"","last_name":"Duan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""},{"first_name":"Yan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""},{"first_name":"Xiaoyan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jiang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""},{"first_name":"Wuquan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Deng","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-17T12:26:14.260000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-20T00:41:10.333000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-22T17:08:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/23666/galley/36410/download/"}]},{"pk":38065,"title":"Inferior Vena Cava Tumor Thrombus in the Emergency Department: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The inferior vena cava (IVC) drains a significant portion of the lower body. Pathologies associated with the IVC can present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We present a case of IVC tumor thrombus in the emergency department.
\nCase Report: A 76-year-old male with symptoms of volume overload was evaluated, leading to the diagnosis of IVC mass likely from tumor thrombus.
\nConclusion: Patients with volume overload should be evaluated for both heart failure and presence of a potential thrombus. Point-of-care ultrasound and other imaging modalities play crucial roles in early diagnosis. Prompt identification and differentiation between bland and tumor thrombi are vital for appropriate management, potentially improving patient outcomes.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Inferior Vena Cava"},{"word":"tumor thrombus"},{"word":"congestive heart failure"},{"word":"thromboembolism"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f08z2nm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Victor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cisneros","name_suffix":"","institution":"Eisenhower Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rancho Mirage, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Leila","middle_name":"","last_name":"Danishgar","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Queensland, Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, Louisiana; University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Nisan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Verma","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Queensland, Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, Louisiana; University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Ami","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kurzweil","name_suffix":"","institution":"Eisenhower Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rancho Mirage, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-10-16T07:54:35.396000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-07T21:23:08.178000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-21T07:36:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/38065/galley/35735/download/"}]},{"pk":39681,"title":"Unusual Complications in Cocaine Stuffers: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Body stuffing is defined as ingesting small quantities of drugs in poorly sealed packets often to avoid repercussions from law enforcement. Cocaine is one of the drugs most commonly involved. Complications reported with stuffing include aspiration, esophageal obstruction and fatal toxicity. Survival from mechanical airway obstruction due to drug stuffing has not been reported.
\nCase Report: In this article, we present a case of a 32-year-old male who was a cocaine body stuffer, complicated by agitated delirium, cardiotoxicity, and airway obstruction requiring resuscitation followed by a surgical tracheostomy to retrieve the obstructing cocaine bag. The patient’s hospital course was further complicated by rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury requiring dialysis. He was discharged in stable condition after a four-week hospital stay.
\nConclusion: This case highlights the severe risks of cocaine body stuffing, including airway obstruction and cocaine-induced arrhythmias. Endotracheal intubation in such cases warrants a careful airway assessment to mitigate the risks of obstructive complications.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Body stuffing"},{"word":"Cocaine"},{"word":"body packing"},{"word":"toxicity"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72x1f6hk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hassan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Al-Balushi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, Georgia; Sohar Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman","department":""},{"first_name":"Andres","middle_name":"","last_name":"Guzman-Soto","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, Georgia","department":""},{"first_name":"Kyle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Suen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, Georgia","department":""},{"first_name":"Al Yaqdhan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Al Atbi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia","department":""},{"first_name":"Ziad","middle_name":"N","last_name":"Kazzi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, Georgia","department":""},{"first_name":"Jonathan","middle_name":"","last_name":"De Olano","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, Georgia","department":""},{"first_name":"Todd","middle_name":"","last_name":"Taylor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, Georgia","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-13T01:33:54.897000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-11T00:39:09.303000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-21T07:25:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/39681/galley/35734/download/"}]},{"pk":39723,"title":"Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for Breakthrough Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary Malignancy Pain in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breakthrough pain is frequently experienced by patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and is a common reason for presenting to the emergency department (ED). After ruling out acute pathology, ED management typically consists of intravenous opioids, though high doses of opioids can be associated with potentially severe adverse events and complications in certain high-risk populations. Regional anesthesia strategies, such as the erector spinae plane block (ESPB), have shown to be effective for several etiologies of non-malignant visceral abdominal pain. This case series sought to evaluate whether the ESPB can be effective for ED patients with breakthrough pancreatic and hepatobiliary cancer pain.
\nCase Report: Three patients with breakthrough hepatopancreatobiliary cancer pain underwent successful ESPBs performed by an emergency medicine physician in the ED. All patients reported considerable reduction in their pain. Two patients with cancer of the pancreatic head reported complete pain relief and were able to be discharged from the ED. The third patient with metastatic colorectal cancer involving the hepatobiliary system was admitted for further medical work-up, though did not require any additional analgesics for nearly 13 hours after the block.
\nConclusions: The ESPB appears to be a safe and effective strategy for managing breakthrough pain related to pancreatic and hepatobiliary malignancy in the ED.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia"},{"word":"erector spinae plane block"},{"word":"Cancer Pain"},{"word":"Pancreatic Cancer"},{"word":"emergency department"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/496911s8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Gawel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Kramer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shalaby","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-12T23:11:18.283000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-02T18:48:17.462000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-21T07:15:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/39723/galley/35719/download/"}]},{"pk":38060,"title":"Physician-Assisted Dying Witnessed by Emergency Medical Services: A Case Report ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Physician-assisted dying (PAD) is a practice that allows terminally ill patients to self-administer prescribed lethal medication. In the 11 U.S. states where PAD is legal, the incidence of PAD cases is rapidly increasing. Despite the majority of these cases occurring in the out-of-hospital setting, states lack specific emergency medical services (EMS) protocols to guide prehospital clinicians who may encounter PAD in the field. Here, we describe a case in which a patient called 9-1-1 for a medical emergency and requested to ingest their prescribed lethal medication while in EMS care.
\nCase Report: EMS was dispatched for a 56-year-old female who was bleeding from her tracheostomy stoma. Despite the clinicians’ recommendation for transport to the emergency department, the patient refused transport and instead requested to ingest her PAD medication. The crew, unfamiliar with PAD laws, were unsure if they could legally honor the patient’s refusal. Clinicians consulted with on-line medical control, who were also unaware of PAD. After extensive deliberation, the crew eventually decided to honor the patient's refusal and thoroughly document the situation. The patient self-administered her medication as EMS cleared the scene.
\nConclusion: This case highlights the logistical challenges and ethical dilemmas faced by the responders, and underscores the complexity of balancing patient autonomy with legal and medical responsibilities in prehospital PAD situations. As PAD becomes increasingly prevalent, equipping EMS clinicians with clear protocols and ongoing education about prehospital PAD cases is vital to preserving patient rights while protecting clinicians from legal and ethical uncertainty.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Physician-assisted Dying"},{"word":"emergency medical services"},{"word":"Refusal of Care"},{"word":"Protocols"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hj2s279","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Saahith","middle_name":"","last_name":"Potluri","name_suffix":"","institution":"Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Montgomery Emergency Medical Services, Belle Mead, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Tharun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Potluri","name_suffix":"","institution":"Montgomery Emergency Medical Services, Belle Mead, New Jersey; Georgetown University, Department of Human Science, School of Health, Washington, DC; Georgetown University, Georgetown Emergency Response Medical Service, Washington, DC","department":""},{"first_name":"Jose","middle_name":"V","last_name":"Nable","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgetown University, Georgetown Emergency Response Medical Service, Washington, DC; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC","department":""},{"first_name":"Paul","middle_name":"","last_name":"Peng","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey","department":""},{"first_name":"Kusum","middle_name":"","last_name":"Punjabi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-10-24T23:59:01.218000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-14T19:33:21.282000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-21T07:10:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/38060/galley/35732/download/"}]},{"pk":34874,"title":"A Case of Prehospital Magnesium Sulfate Extravasation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Case Presentation
\nA 73-year-old female with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presents via emergency medical services for shortness of breath. She is found to be hypoxic, tachypneic, and in notable distress. She is treated with inhaled albuterol, oral dexamethasone, and intravenous magnesium sulfate. Upon arrival to the emergency department her had was noted to have significant bleeding, and on further investigation it was determined that the intravenous catheter has inadvertently become extravasated, and the magnesium had entered the subcutaneous space. The bleed with significant and pulsatile, a tourniquet was applied, and the vessel was ultimately tied off by the trauma surgery service.
\nDiscussion
\nIntravenous medication administration is ubiquitous with emergency care in both the hospital and prehospital environments. Medications use is paramount to treatment of a vast majority of emergent clinical conditions, furthermore, the route of administration is often intravenous in the patient with emergent illness. The placement of intravenous catheters is a skill that nurses, paramedics, and advanced emergency medical technicians learn early in their training. The care team is tasked with not only starting intravenous lines, but also in monitoring them and ensuring medication is delivered into the systemic circulation, and not elsewhere. Certain medications, notably potassium preparations and vasoactive medications, are known vesicants. We present a case of vascular extravasation of magnesium sulfate, not know for causing significant tissue damage, that led to significant venous and arterial injury. This case highlights the need for prehospital clinicians as well members of the emergency department care team to be ever vigilant for medication extravasation.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"IV infiltration"},{"word":"extravasation"},{"word":"magnesium sulfate"},{"word":"prehospital IV access"}],"section":"Images in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zk9c1db","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sean","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bilodeau","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tufts University School of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Maine","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bohanske","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tufts University School of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Maine","department":""},{"first_name":"Kate","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zimmerman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tufts University School of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Maine","department":""},{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wellman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tufts University School of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Maine","department":""},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sholl","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tufts University School of Medicine, MaineHealth Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Maine","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-29T03:03:02.732000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-20T02:03:34.980000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-20T23:30:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/34874/galley/35748/download/"}]},{"pk":35386,"title":"De Garengeot Hernia with Acute Gangrenous Appendicitis Case Report ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction : A De Garengeot hernia is defined as a femoral hernia that contains the vermiform appendix. While femoral hernias carrying the appendix are uncommon, strangulation of the appendix in the hernial sac with concurrent acute appendicitis is an extremely rare and life-threatening condition often presenting with an atypical clinical picture.
\nCase Report: A 51-year-old man presented to the emergency department with two weeks of persistent right inguinal pain after heavy lifting. Imaging revealed suspicion for an Amyand’s hernia, an inguinal hernia containing a portion of the appendix. However, intraoperative findings revealed a strangulated De Garengeot hernia with gangrenous appendicitis.
\nConclusion: De Garengeot hernias are femoral hernias containing the appendix which are diagnostically challenging and require urgent surgical evaluation and intervention given high risk for strangulation.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"De Garengeot hernia"},{"word":"Amyand hernia"},{"word":"acute gangrenous appendicitis"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1mx2w4xd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Leon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Quach","name_suffix":"","institution":"Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexsandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Biel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan","department":""},{"first_name":"Brett","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Todd","name_suffix":"","institution":"Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-09T16:27:03.021000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-07T21:14:20.611000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-20T23:22:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/35386/galley/35728/download/"}]},{"pk":39968,"title":"Rapid Titration of Methadone for Opioid Use Disorder in the Emergency Department: A Case Report ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction
\nThe prevalence of high-potency synthetic opioids (HPSOs), such as fentanyl and its analogs, present significant treatment challenges to current strategies for Emergency Department (ED) medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD). While most EDs traditionally use buprenorphine for MOUD, its effectiveness can be limited in patients exposed to HPSOs due to risk of precipitated withdrawal or inadequate control of withdrawal symptoms. Methadone, a full agonist, is an alternative MOUD agent that addresses the severe withdrawal symptoms and cravings associated with HPSO dependence and will not cause precipitated withdrawal. Traditional methadone protocols often fail to provide adequate doses, but new federal guidelines allow higher initial doses and rapid titration to therapeutic levels.
\nCase Report
\nWe report on a case of rapid methadone titration in the ED for a patient with a history of high HPSO utilization. The patient received an initial dose of 50 mg methadone, followed by titration of hourly 10 mg doses to a cumulative 70 mg at discharge. Vital signs, mental status, and Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) scores were monitored to guide dosing.
\nConclusion
\nThe protocol allowed for safe, individualized care, achieving therapeutic dosing levels that alleviated withdrawal symptoms and enabled the patient to transition to outpatient follow-up treatment. This approach addresses the need for rapid, effective methadone initiation in an era where HPSOs pose challenges to traditional opioid use disorder treatment.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"Methadone"},{"word":"rapid titration"},{"word":"medications for opioid use disorder"},{"word":"emergency department"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14m2m9kv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Miles","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lamberson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Burlington, Vermont","department":""},{"first_name":"Roz","middle_name":"","last_name":"King","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Burlington, Vermont","department":""},{"first_name":"Colin","middle_name":"T","last_name":"Waters","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Burlington, Vermont","department":""},{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jackson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, Vermont; University of Vermont, Vermont Center for Behavior and Health, Center on Rural Addiction, Burlington, Vermont","department":""},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brooklyn","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington, Vermont; University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Burlington, Vermont","department":""},{"first_name":"Elly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Riser","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wolfson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Burlington, Vermont","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-23T15:56:28.744000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-13T23:55:22.887000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-20T21:40:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/39968/galley/35733/download/"}]},{"pk":35538,"title":"High-Grade Partial Tear of the Biceps Femoris Tendon in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes and Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is a common condition that results in intra-articular and periarticular deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals. Tendon tear, however, is infrequently reported in these cases. The factors contributing to tendon tear in patients with CPPD disease may include crystal-induced prolonged inflammation that could cause chronic tendinous attrition, anatomical and biomechanical factors that could compromise tendon structural integrity, and/or degenerative tendon changes that might be caused by co-occurring diabetic tendinopathy. We report a case of a high-grade partial tear of the biceps femoris tendon in a patient with type 2 diabetes and CPPD disease.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"tendon rupture"},{"word":"calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals"},{"word":"CPPD"},{"word":"biceps femoris tendon"},{"word":"calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease"},{"word":"chondrocalcinosis"}],"section":"Case Report","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8st9f9rg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Phoebe","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ann","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":""},{"first_name":"Khoi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nguyen","name_suffix":"","institution":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA","department":"Department of Radiological Sciences"},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Li","name_suffix":"","institution":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA","department":""},{"first_name":"Varand","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ghazikhanian","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2021-07-01T03:54:23+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-20T17:16:55.811000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-20T17:22:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucla_rsp/article/35538/galley/35547/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucla_rsp/article/35538/galley/35547/download/"}]},{"pk":61717,"title":"Abstracts 2025 IOCV XXIII","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This publication contains the abstracts of the oral and poster presentations of the 23rd Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV), held in Mildura, Australia, March 16-20, 2025.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV)","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4sz8g53v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"IOCV","middle_name":"","last_name":"Organization","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2025-03-16T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"XXIII IOCV Conference 2025 - Abstracts","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/61717/galley/47607/download/"}]},{"pk":61697,"title":"Program of the 23th Conference of International Organization of Citrus Virologists, Australia, 2025","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This is the program of the 23rd Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV), held in Mildura, Australia, March 16-20, 2025.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV)","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0v97x952","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"IOCV","middle_name":"","last_name":"Organization","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2025-03-16T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/61697/galley/47606/download/"}]},{"pk":19422,"title":"Variations in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Performance and Outcomes in Ohio","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Understanding characteristics of top-performing emergency medical service (EMS) agencies and hospitals can be an important tool for improving community out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) care. We compared deidentified EMS and hospital-level variations in OHCA performance and outcomes in Ohio.
\nMethods: We analyzed adult OHCA data from the 2019 Ohio Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (Ohio CARES). We limited the analysis to EMS agencies and receiving hospitals with ≥10 OHCA episodes. The primary outcomes were return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge. We compared OHCA outcomes between EMS agencies using linear mixed models, with EMS agency as a random effect and adjusting for Utstein variables. We repeated the analysis by receiving hospital. We compared EMS agency population demographics, response times, and resuscitation characteristics of the top 10% of agencies against remaining agencies using chi-squared tests.
\nResults: We included 2,841 OHCA among 44 EMS agencies in our analysis. The ROSC varied three-fold; mean 27.9%, range 15.8%-51.0%. Among 40 hospitals, survival varied two-fold; mean 12.9%, range 8.1%-19.0%. Top-performing EMS agencies included both medium- and large-sized agencies that tended to treat younger patients (59 vs 62 years, P<0.01) in public areas (15.7% vs 12.3%, P<0.01). There were no differences in bystander-witnessed arrest, bystander cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), or EMS response time. However, top-performing EMS agencies used less mechanical CPR (61.7% vs 76.0%, P<0.01) and were more successful in advanced airway placement (89.6% vs 74.8% P<0.01).
\nConclusions: The ROSC and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest varied across EMS agencies and hospitals in Ohio. Top-performing EMS agencies exhibited unique demographic characteristics, used less mechanical CPR, and were more successful in airway placement. These variations in OHCA care and outcomes can indicate opportunities for system improvement in Ohio.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"cardiac arrest"},{"word":"Quality"},{"word":"Outcomes"}],"section":"Emergency Medical Services","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62z2557n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michelle","middle_name":"M.J.","last_name":"Nassal","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Henry","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Jonathan","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Powell","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Justin","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Benoit","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Ashish","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Panchal","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-02-09T20:09:48.634000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-10-11T01:46:36.607000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-15T17:59:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19422/galley/36395/download/"}]},{"pk":40006,"title":"Feasibility of an Emergency Department-based Food Insecurity Screening and Referral Program","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Food insecurity (FI) remains a pervasive issue in the United States, affecting over 12.8% of households. Marginalized populations, particularly those in urban areas, are disproportionately impacted. The emergency department (ED) holds potential as a vital outreach hub, given its diverse patient population and extensive service coverage. In this study we explore the feasibility of implementing an ED-based FI screening and referral program at an urban, academic teaching hospital. We aimed to assess the prevalence of FI among ED patients and evaluate the feasibility of a three- and six-week follow-up to assess patients’ FI and related barriers to resource referral utilization.
\nMethods: This single-center, observational study was conducted at an urban, academic ED from 2018-2024. Initial FI screening was performed using a validated two-question survey adapted from the Hunger Vital Sign screening tool. Participants who screened positive were enrolled and completed the 10-item US Department of Agriculture Adult Food Security survey, received a food assistance guide, and were followed up at three- and six-week intervals to assess changes in FI status.
\nResults: Among 6,339 participants, 1,069 (16.9%) experienced FI, with the highest rates among Black non-Hispanic (24.7%) and Spanish-speaking participants (28.7%). Of the 1,069 participants who screened positive for FI, 630 (59.0%) were enrolled in the study. Of the enrolled participants, 161 (25.6%) completed the three-week follow-up phone calls, and 48 (7.6%) completed the six-week follow-up. The mean FI score for these 48 participants decreased from 6.67 (SD 2.68) at enrollment to 4.75 (SD 2.85) at the three-week follow-up (P < 0.001), and to 4.25 (SD 3.48) by the six-week follow-up (P < 0.001). Barriers to using the food resource guide, such as time constraints, transportation, and misplacement of resources, limited many participants’ engagement.
\nConclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of an ED-based food insecurity screening and resource referral program, associated with a significant reduction in food insecurity scores among participants. However, barriers such as time constraints, transportation issues, and misplacement of referral materials limited engagement. Addressing these barriers through tailored follow-up and systematic support systems, including universal screening during ED intake and personalized assistance, can enhance the program’s accessibility and impact.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Food Insecurity"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"social determinants of health"},{"word":"community health"},{"word":"social barriers"}],"section":"Health Equity","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bf9w4kv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Victor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cisneros","name_suffix":"","institution":"Eisenhower Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rancho Mirage, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Ian","middle_name":"Dennis Capo","last_name":"Olliffe","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Marco","middle_name":"Santos","last_name":"Esteban","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Joseph","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bui","name_suffix":"","institution":"Eisenhower Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rancho Mirage, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Armin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Takallou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon","department":""},{"first_name":"Shahram","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lotfipour","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Bharath","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chakravarthy","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-26T05:11:56.576000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-02-04T23:12:18.854000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-15T17:16:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/40006/galley/36375/download/"}]},{"pk":20788,"title":"Simulation-based Training Changes Attitudes of Emergency Physicians Toward Transesophageal Echocardiography","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: The American College of Emergency Physicians recommends that transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) be used to “maintain the standard of ultrasound-informed resuscitation” in cardiac arrest. To date, no standards exist on how to train emergency physicians (EP) on TEE use in the emergency department (ED). We propose a novel educational paradigm using simulation to train EPs on the use of TEE in cardiac arrest.
\nMethods: A total of 63 EPs at a single-center academic teaching hospital participated in a 90-minute simulation-based education session to summarize the use of TEE in cardiac resuscitation and practice related procedural skills. The session consisted of a simulated cardiac arrest scenario using both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TEE and hands-on practice on a high-fidelity TEE task trainer. Participants filled out anonymous surveys before and after the training session, which evaluated their subjective attitudes toward TEE, knowledge of its role in cardiac arrest, and perceived efficacy of the curriculum in introducing the modality.
\nResults: Survey results indicated fewer perceived barriers to performing TEE in resuscitation after completion of the course, with statistically significant decreases in the following: not understanding image acquisition (85.5% pre vs 27.4% post; P<0.001), interpretation (66.1% pre vs 25.8% post; P<0.001), indications (29.0% pre vs 0.0% post; P<0.001), contraindications (35.5% pre vs. 3.2% post; P<0.001), and the potential benefit for the patient (24.2% pre vs 3.2% post; P <0.001). Finally, 68% of EPs stated they were “extremely likely” to use TEE in cardiac arrest with the availability of assistance from a credentialed attending.
\nConclusion: The survey responses suggest that a short, simulation-based course can generate interest in the incorporation of TEE in cardiac resuscitation as well as overcome many of the perceived barriers regarding TEE. Moreover, they suggest that the participating academic EPs would be interested in using TEE in critical patients in the future when available.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"TEE"},{"word":"Simulation"},{"word":"cardiac arrest"},{"word":"resuscitation"}],"section":"Ultrasound","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86j817z7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Danta","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Alyssa","middle_name":"Y.","last_name":"Nguyen-Phuoc","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Suman","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gupta","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California San Francisco-Fresno, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fresno, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Aneri","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sakhpara","name_suffix":"","institution":"Regional Medical Center of San Jose, San Jose, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Jeanette","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kurbedin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Errel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khordipour","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Antonios","middle_name":"","last_name":"Likourezos","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Lawrence","middle_name":"","last_name":"Haines","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Amish","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aghera","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Jefferson","middle_name":"","last_name":"Drapkin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Judy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York; Baylor Scott & White All Saints, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Worth, Texas","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-04-10T18:29:07.363000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-13T22:02:41.853000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-15T17:09:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20788/galley/36384/download/"}]},{"pk":35252,"title":"National Study of Firearm Presence and Storage Practices in Homes of Rural Adolescents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Firearm-related unintentional and suicide death rates in adolescents are higher in rural areas. In 2020, the overall rural firearm death rate was 28% higher than the urban rate. Firearm access significantly increases the risk. The study objective was to evaluate firearm exposure and storage practices in the homes of rural adolescents.
\nMethods: We conducted a cross-sectional, anonymous survey of attendees at the 2021 National FFA (formerly Future Farmers of America) Convention & Exposition. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.
\nResults: A total of 3,296 adolescents 13-18 years of age participated in our survey. Overall, 87% of respondents reported having rifles/shotguns, 71% had handguns, and 69% had both rifles/shotguns and handguns in their homes. The odds of those living on farms having rifles/shotguns and handguns were 7.5 and 2 times higher, respectively, as compared to those from towns. Rifles/shotguns and handguns were stored unlocked and/or loaded at least some of the time in 63% and 64% of homes, respectively. Respondents from farms had 1.5 and 1.7 times greater odds of having rifles/shotguns and handguns stored unlocked and loaded, respectively, as compared to those from town. The South, West and Midwest had odds that were 5.9, 3.2, and 2.8 times higher for rifles/shotguns and 8.1, 5.2, and 4.3 times greater for handguns to be stored loaded and unlocked, respectively, as compared to the Northeast. Only 43% of respondents reported ammunition being locked and stored separately from firearms.
\nConclusion: Most rural adolescents surveyed lived in homes with firearms, and a large proportion of those firearms were not stored safely. Firearm presence and storage differed by region and home setting. Unsafe storage practices could be contributing to the higher unintentional and suicide death rates seen in rural areas.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"farms"},{"word":"rifles"},{"word":"shotguns"},{"word":"handguns"},{"word":"Suicide"},{"word":"unintentional injury"},{"word":"Prevention"},{"word":"injury prevention"},{"word":"Rural"}],"section":"Injury Prevention and Population Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wh0m8nz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Benjamin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Linden","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Surgery, Minneapolis, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sinik","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Kristel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wetjen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa, University of Iowa Health Care, Department of Surgery, Iowa City, Iowa","department":""},{"first_name":"Pam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hoogerwerf","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Injury Prevention and Community Outreach, Iowa City, Iowa","department":""},{"first_name":"Junlin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liao","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa, University of Iowa Health Care, Department of Surgery, Iowa City, Iowa","department":""},{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jennissen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Iowa City, Iowa","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-30T23:00:48.618000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-30T21:56:52.331000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-15T17:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35252/galley/36407/download/"}]},{"pk":40056,"title":"Tardigrada and Nematoda associations with lichen and bryophyte habitats from Southwest Wisconsin state parks, universities, and private land","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Microscopic terrestrial invertebrates, such as tardigrades and nematodes, have been historically understudied and misunderstood. Terrestrial habitats of tardigrades and nematodes, like moss and lichens, have been sparingly identified throughout scientific and natural history. Additionally, many regions within the United States have little-to-no records of tardigrade and nematode taxa from moss and lichens. In the current study, we collected moss, lichen, and liverwort samples from multiple state parks and areas within Southwest Wisconsin to investigate tardigrade and nematode communities. Generalized Linear Models confirmed that habitat species, substrate, site location, and elevation had a significant effect on tardigrade and nematode abundances. We also report significant associations of certain tardigrade and nematode taxa with their respective cryptogam habitats. Furthermore, we report a new distribution of the heterotardigrade species Viridiscus aff. perviridis and Viridiscus viridissimus, and the eutardigrade species Minibiotus cf. jonesorum to the state of Wisconsin. Our study indicates that many tardigrade and nematode associations with cryptogam habitats have yet to be explored and documented in North America.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Tardigrade"},{"word":"nematode"},{"word":"lichen"},{"word":"moss"},{"word":"Habitat"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46x0683w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jacob","middle_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Loeffelholz","name_suffix":"","institution":"The National Mississippi River Museum & Aquarium","department":"Education"},{"first_name":"Seth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Raynor","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado-Boulder","department":""},{"first_name":"Sara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sánchez-Moreno","name_suffix":"","institution":"Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria","department":"Department of the Environment and Agronomy"},{"first_name":"Sogol","middle_name":"","last_name":"Momeni","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Alabama","department":"Biological Sciences"},{"first_name":"Erin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Manzitto-Tripp","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado-Boulder","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-29T03:49:26.635000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-09T15:05:18.960000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-14T02:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/40056/galley/35530/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/40056/galley/35530/download/"}]},{"pk":39854,"title":"Elevational diversity gradients of amphibians in Mexican mountain ranges: patterns, environmental factors, and spatial scale effects","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Mountains are estimated to harbor the highest diversity in many taxonomic groups. However, patterns of elevational distributions and their underlying explanatory environmental variables have not been well studied in amphibians. We explore elevational patterns of species richness in amphibians and evaluate seven environmental models that may explain such patterns. We also test how the spatial scale of elevational bands affects the perceived patterns and the power of the explanatory variables. We utilize records from the most comprehensive amphibian database of Mexico. Gradients were selected across five Mexican mountain ranges, for both coastal and continental slopes, according to four criteria that allowed for standardization. Species richness-elevation relationships were classified into five patterns as described in the literature. Generalized linear models were applied to test six models, which include temperature, precipitation, water-energy dynamics, topographic heterogeneity (TH), their interaction and area. Species richness and environmental factors for each model and each gradient were calculated at four spatial scales of elevational bands (100, 200, 300, and 500 m).\n \nA total of 20 gradients were evaluated, for which all five patterns of species richness reported in literature were observed at least once. The pattern of mid-peak richness was the most commonly observed, followed by a decreasing pattern of richness with elevation. The water-energy dynamic was the best model at smaller spatial scales, while temperature, TH and area, became increasingly important in explaining richness patterns as the spatial scale increased.\n \nThe elevational distribution of species richness in amphibians showed similar tendencies as in literature. This study demonstrated a larger variation in the power of explanatory variables between mountain ranges than between spatial scales. In general, the proportion of variance explained was high, showing that the chosen explanatory environmental variables are important in structuring the elevational patterns.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"mountain ranges, scale, temperature, topographic heterogeneity, water-energy dynamic"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/597894xv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ricardo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rivera-Reyes","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Irene","middle_name":"","last_name":"Goyenechea Mayer-Goyenechea","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Leticia Margarita","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ochoa Ochoa","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-02-07T22:01:36+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-10T15:55:01.417000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-14T01:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39854/galley/35532/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39854/galley/35532/download/"}]},{"pk":47022,"title":"Front Matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2m308283","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2025-03-14T17:15:51.543000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-14T17:18:19.592000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-13T17:23:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"Final PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/47022/galley/35533/download/"}]},{"pk":47014,"title":"WestJEM Full-Issue Text","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"WestJEM Full-Text Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ts7s3t0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicole","middle_name":"","last_name":"Valenzi","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-13T17:57:31.731000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-13T22:09:22.733000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-13T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Full Issue Text","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47014/galley/35527/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Full Issue Text","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47014/galley/35527/download/"}]},{"pk":39867,"title":"Conservation of Paraguay’s floristic biodiversity: a biogeographical analysis with a multi-scale spatial approach for the identification of priority areas","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Areas of endemism are defined as regions where two or more species share congruent distributions, representing primary homologies in historical biogeography. These areas are critical for conservation efforts. This study identified areas of endemism in Paraguay using an endemicity analysis (EA) with NDM/VNDM software, based on 2,587 records of 106 plant species. We used grids of 0.5° and 0.6° latitude and longitude to evaluate the stability of these areas across different spatial scales. Sixty areas of endemism were identified and grouped into seven consensus areas. Two of these areas, located in the Dry Chaco and the Alto Paraná Atlantic Forest (BAAPA), were consistent across both scales. No endemism areas were found in the Humid Chaco or Pantanal regions. In the Cerrado, two consensus areas overlapped with those of the BAAPA. Additionally, a consensus area was identified in the Cordillera de los Altos and the southern BAAPA region, highlighting a biogeographic transition and the ecotonal nature of the area.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"ecoregions"},{"word":"Endemicity"},{"word":"endemism"},{"word":"Neotropics."}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/515458vk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ruben","middle_name":"Ignacio","last_name":"Avila-Torres","name_suffix":"","institution":"Other","department":""},{"first_name":"Christian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vogt","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología, C.P. 111421, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2024-10-27T22:08:15+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-22T18:41:35.662000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-13T01:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39867/galley/35523/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39867/galley/35523/download/"}]},{"pk":39864,"title":"Global records of the invasive freshwater apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Pomacea canaliculata (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) is a freshwater snail native to the lower Del Plata basin in South America. However, along with other species collectively known as “apple snails”, it has been introduced to many regions outside its natural range. In these areas, it has spread rapidly, causing extensive damage to aquatic crops and adversely affecting the biodiversity and ecological functioning of natural wetlands. This publication aims to present an updated, accurate, and open-access database of P. canaliculata occurrence records worldwide. The database is intended to support ecological studies and pest management initiatives, with a particular emphasis on distinguishing P. canaliculata from other apple snail species to prevent misidentifications. It compiles all reliable records of P. canaliculata from both its native and invaded ranges, offering comprehensive coverage of its global distribution. The result is a dataset of 718 records from 29 countries across Africa, South America, North America, Asia, and the Pacific Islands, reported from the early 20th century to the present. This occurrence dataset is now included in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), hosted by the “Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva” under the publisher “Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR)”.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ampullariid"},{"word":"freshwater"},{"word":"invasive alien species"},{"word":"Asia"},{"word":"Africa"},{"word":"South America"},{"word":"North America"},{"word":"Pacific Islands"},{"word":"Occurrence"}],"section":"Data Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tf8c742","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"María","middle_name":"Emilia","last_name":"Seuffert","name_suffix":"","institution":"Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur. INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), San Juan 671, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Jun 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina","department":""},{"first_name":"Pablo","middle_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Martín","name_suffix":"","institution":"Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur. INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), San Juan 671, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Jun 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-03T21:12:09+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-11T10:13:34.045000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-13T01:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39864/galley/35528/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39864/galley/35528/download/"}]},{"pk":35456,"title":"Making an Ethogram for Octopuses: A Personal Story","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Making an ethogram, a repertoire of the behavior of a species or several related ones, is obviously an important foundation for any theoretical studies of their behavior. In addition, it is useful for conservation, and evolution, and as a basis for good care in captivity. But such a thorough description is neither easy nor quick. This account takes the reader on the author’s journey through lab and field work on seven species and to the struggle to publish results that make up an ethogram of octopuses in the family Octopodidae.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ethogram"},{"word":"octopuses"}],"section":"Teaching articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4p88n9t7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mather","name_suffix":"","institution":"None","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-27T20:35:32.534000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-19T16:14:18.067000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-11T17:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Mather_FINAL","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/35456/galley/35515/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Mather_FINAL","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/35456/galley/35515/download/"}]},{"pk":48277,"title":"Art Education and Visual Literacy: Putting Theory into Practice","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This case study examined four Australian Year 12 students’ use of visual literacy to create bodies of artwork. They used the Australian literacy constructs, the frames – subjective, structural, cultural, and postmodern, and the conceptual framework – artwork, artist, world, and audience, to inform their thinking. The students used visual literacy differently to (a) read/decoded/interpreted visual statements, (b) wrote/encoded/created visual statements, in, following the art teacher’s graphic and written prompts (Avgerinou & Pettersson, 2011). Three students (c) thought visually and deliberately planned artwork to speak to an audience, using visual process diaries (VPDs) and artists’ statements that combined images and texts. The study concluded (1) Teaching visual literacy skills is essential. (2) Visual literacy skills take time to develop. (3) Visual literacy skills involve metacognition. (4) Conveying visual messages through artforms is best accomplished with developed skills in the medium or artform. (5) Visual literacy skills benefit from students’ research, analysis, and interpretation of artworks to increase critical understanding. Visual literacy is culturally situated. (6) Visual literacy skills involve an awareness of audiences and a need to communicate ideas. (7) The conceptual framework, rather than the frames, provided a point of dialogue and focus within VPDs, artwork, and writing.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Visual Literacy, Art Education, New South Wales"}],"section":"Teaching and Learning through the Arts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6sz7m4k3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Judith","middle_name":"Ann","last_name":"Briggs","name_suffix":"","institution":"Other","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-08-24T22:12:01+02:00","date_accepted":"2021-08-24T22:12:01+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-09T00:11:18+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48277/galley/36338/download/"}]},{"pk":31046,"title":"Square-Diamond Illusion in Bottlenose Dolphin","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Animals do not see the external world as it is. Different animals process information in different ways, even when looking at the same object. A visual illusion is a psychological phenomenon by which the eye perceives something as different from what it is. We tested whether a bottlenose dolphin produces the square-diamond illusion to see if it experiences the illusion in the same way as humans. In Experiment 1, two figures (square and diamond) of different sizes were presented in the training session and the subject had to choose the “smaller” figure. In the test session, 22 pairs of squares and diamonds of different areas were presented to see which the subject would choose. When the area difference is large, the percentage of correct responses is high, but when the area difference is small, the percentage of correct responses varies between pairs. When these results were then sorted into “small squares vs. large diamonds” and “small diamonds vs. large squares”, the percentages were significantly high in all pairs in the “small squares vs. large diamonds” group, whereas in the “small diamonds vs. large squares” group, the percentage of correct responses decreased as the difference between the areas of the two figures also decreased. In other words, this result suggests that the illusion may have come into play. Experiment 2 was a square-diamond illusion perception task. Two pairs of squares and diamonds of equal area (225 cm2 and 400 cm2, respectively) were presented and the subject’s choice was then tested. The results showed that the subject chose the square significantly more often than the diamond in both pairs. The square appeared smaller, and the diamond appeared larger to the subject, even though the fact that they had the same area (i.e., it was demonstrated that the square-diamond illusion had occurred), and this study showed that dolphins share the same visual characteristics as humans.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Bottlenose Dolphin"},{"word":"Square-diamond illusion"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/93b352d4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Tsukasa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Murayama","name_suffix":"","institution":"Other","department":""},{"first_name":"Mizuki","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yamagishi","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Maho","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yamaguchi","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-03T15:44:47.706000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-11T22:00:43.678000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-06T18:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Murayama_Proof_pdf","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/31046/galley/35273/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Murayama_Proof_pdf","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/31046/galley/35273/download/"}]},{"pk":46548,"title":"Front Matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":false,"remote_url":null,"frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2025-03-04T18:48:54.399000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-04T18:55:24.463000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:10:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/46548/galley/35268/download/"}]},{"pk":46550,"title":"Cover Artist Description","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0q07v692","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2025-03-04T18:53:06.014000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-04T18:54:42.231000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:09:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/46550/galley/35269/download/"}]},{"pk":46549,"title":"Table of Contents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6d09z20w","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2025-03-04T18:51:00.750000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-04T18:56:05.031000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:08:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"New TOC","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/46549/galley/35272/download/"}]},{"pk":41969,"title":"Welcome to the Indigenous Languages Slipstream","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zf403bp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jenny","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Davis","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-01-17T22:38:11.370000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-17T22:50:09.713000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:08:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/41969/galley/35263/download/"}]},{"pk":35575,"title":"Stored in the Bones: Safeguarding Indigenous Living Heritages","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vx3s0c9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Krmpotich","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":"Faculty of Information"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-24T01:07:23.784000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-24T17:48:54.963000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:06:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35575/galley/35262/download/"}]},{"pk":35573,"title":"Beyond Rights: The Nisga'a Final Agreement and the Challenges of Modern Treaty Relationships","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5vv2f62s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sims","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-23T21:30:38.497000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-24T17:48:10.648000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:05:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35573/galley/35261/download/"}]},{"pk":35479,"title":"In Our Backyard: Keeyask and the Legacy of Hydroelectric Development","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jn0p65z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Page","name_suffix":"","institution":"Portland State University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-20T19:52:19.978000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-22T17:04:53.204000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:03:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35479/galley/35259/download/"}]},{"pk":43477,"title":"Playing in the Slipstream","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Commentary","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8g65p5xh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Leighton","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Peterson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Miami University","department":"Anthropology"},{"first_name":"Anthony","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Webster","name_suffix":"","institution":"None","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-02-11T18:08:37.714000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-02-11T18:10:25.482000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:02:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/43477/galley/35264/download/"}]},{"pk":35464,"title":"Speculation Nation: Land Mania in the Revolutionary American Republic","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qw7k5x0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Laurence","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Hauptman","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY New Paltz","department":"emeritus, Dept. of History"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-17T22:02:14.594000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-17T22:03:35.261000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:02:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35464/galley/35258/download/"}]},{"pk":46531,"title":"Front Matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dw93555","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2025-03-03T17:00:46.490000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-03T17:02:37.367000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:01:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/46531/galley/35271/download/"}]},{"pk":35486,"title":"To Banish Forever: A Secret Society, the Ho-Chunk, and Ethnic Cleansing in Minnesota","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nx229gn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Libby","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tronnes","name_suffix":"","institution":"Bradley University","department":"Special Collections/Archives"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-21T22:06:39.082000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-22T17:04:28.194000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:01:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35486/galley/35260/download/"}]},{"pk":35278,"title":"AboriginalTM: The Cultural and Economic Politics of Recognition","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6t75k7gx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aidan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gowland","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Victoria","department":"Geography"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-04T23:35:47.216000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-10T17:58:17.228000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35278/galley/35254/download/"}]},{"pk":4833,"title":"Business as Usual? Crises and the Futures for Indigenous Language Work in the Age of COVID","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Working across multiple ethnographic contexts, this paper surveys the use of digital technologies in language reclamation projects, considering what these mean for anthropologists, archivists, and community members as well as accompanying visions of crisis and futurity. Drawing on experiences working as part of Pueblo language reclamation projects, I consider the ways that tribal members have utilized new practices with digital technologies since the onset of the pandemic. The second part of the paper explores how digital tools can be used to store, analyze, and grant access to Indigenous languages by comparing the approaches to digital language archiving used by the website Ethnologue and by users of the Mukurtu content management system. I conclude with a discussion of what these new media practices tell us about differing visions of crisis and the imagined futures for both community members and academics.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"language reclamation"},{"word":"Pueblo"},{"word":"Language Revitalization"},{"word":"language ideologies"},{"word":"Language archives"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t11w3f2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Erin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Debenport","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"Anthropology & American Indian Studies"}],"date_submitted":"2023-11-01T01:28:37.237000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:42:18.963000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4833/galley/35251/download/"}]},{"pk":35393,"title":"Dakota Modern: The Art of Oscar Howe ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Modern Art"},{"word":"Indigenous art"},{"word":"Native American art"}],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/777669x1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Greenwell-Scott","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona","department":"Art History"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-11T02:59:27.496000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-11T16:36:53.591000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35393/galley/35256/download/"}]},{"pk":6556,"title":"Documenting the Unexpected: Repatriating Native American Linguistic Sovereignty in Northeastern Ancestral Lands","subtitle":null,"abstract":"More than 400 years of contact and concomitant linguistic colonialism has forced the great majority of Native American languages of the Northeast into extinction. Though many distinct Native American communities have disappeared, vestiges of their languages still exist in the usual and expected places—place names and historical documents. The few remaining languages continue to resist colonial domination and projected extinction by the end of the twenty-first century. Despite centuries of linguistic colonialism and trajectories toward “language death,” contemporary Native American language advocates are engaged in innovative revitalization and reclamation programs that repurpose historical documents to promote unexpected forms of “language life” and new forms of linguistic sovereignty. This essay traces shifts in language ideologies from colonial linguistic imperialism and the extinction of Native American languages to Native American linguistic repatriation, the promise of language life, and emerging forms of linguistic sovereignty. Key developments between language experts and Native American language advocates are identified as they offer insights into the unexpected domains of Native American language life.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Maliseet"},{"word":"Language Revitalization"},{"word":"Native American linguistic repatriation"},{"word":"language ideology"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pc9j2gg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bernard","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Perley","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of British Columbia","department":"Critical Indigenous Studies"}],"date_submitted":"2023-11-09T07:36:20.471000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-08-01T21:05:33.071000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/6556/galley/35252/download/"}]},{"pk":35275,"title":"Indigenous Health and Justice","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3t9186cj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Karen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stote","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-03T22:38:39.909000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-10T17:57:14.777000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35275/galley/35253/download/"}]},{"pk":35383,"title":"Settling Nature: The Conservation Regime in Palestine-Israel","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17n5z8n1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lindsay","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marzulla","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-07T16:36:03.045000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-08T17:22:34.351000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35383/galley/35255/download/"}]},{"pk":4832,"title":"Text, Transit, and Transformation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Aymara language is increasingly present in Bolivia’s largest metropolitan region. Developments in public transit transform residents’ relationship to urban social space and the location of Aymara within it. Transit signs include existing Aymara toponyms, but also descriptions of urban space without correspondence to Spanish toponyms. This essay combines text analysis with accounts of riders' experiences to argue the material textuality of bilingual signage suggests an assertion of Aymara hegemony in the city. Rather than just preserving heritage, this language policy intervention of bilingual signage throughout the city extends Aymara toponyms beyond areas of Indigenous confinement.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Aymara"},{"word":"Linguistic Landscape"},{"word":"Language policy"},{"word":"urban studies"},{"word":"Linguistic Anthropology"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5v68t3wk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Karl","middle_name":"","last_name":"Swinehart","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Louisville","department":"Comparative Humanities"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-31T22:56:36.549000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:41:30.110000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4832/galley/35250/download/"}]},{"pk":35401,"title":"The Ends of Research: Indigenous and Settler Science after the War in the Woods","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2v7625qq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joel","middle_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Persaud","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Western Ontario","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-13T03:21:29.114000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-17T17:14:05.530000+02:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T20:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/35401/galley/35257/download/"}]},{"pk":4830,"title":"An Indigenous Language and Culture Board Game? Serious Play and Yo’eme Language Reclamation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the Yo’eme Language and Cultural Board Game, developed as a language revitalization product and activity for the Yo’eme language community. Aimed especially at youth and young adults, the game is designed to be a decolonizing intervention that fosters language ideological clarification. While it promotes knowledge of the heritage language and culture in a playful but active way by rewarding gamers for correct answers and for engaging in intergenerational communication, it encourages some community members to revise their perceptions of the language as “static”—limited to a traditional past and inappropriate for dynamic interaction in the present. The game is constructed in accord with a Yo’eme cultural logic that deemphasizes the achievement of a single “winner” in favor of the group progressing in knowledge and language acquisition at various levels. Evidence acquired from use of the game with Yo’eme learners suggests that playing the game not only provides linguistic and cultural knowledge but also develops critical Indigenous conciousness and contributes to the health and well-being of users.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Indigenous Languages"},{"word":"language reclamation"},{"word":"Language Revitalization"},{"word":"American Indian Studies"},{"word":"language ideologies"},{"word":"Anthropology"},{"word":"Linguistic Anthropology"},{"word":"Indigenous Games"},{"word":"Indigenous Board Games"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xv035jw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cesar","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Barreras","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"Anthropology"},{"first_name":"Paul","middle_name":"V.","last_name":"Kroskrity","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-31T22:35:48.280000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:39:41.511000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4830/galley/35248/download/"}]},{"pk":4826,"title":"History Becomes Present: Constructing Worlds for Past, Present, and Future Ancestors through Tlingit Oratory","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
This paper looks at a 1968 speech by Jessie Dalton, a Tlingit woman from Hoonah, Alaska. Dalton’s speech was performed at a memorial gathering with the goal of removing grief from the mourning clan. To remove their grief, she uses here linguistic and cultural skills strategically. I utilize the concept of chronotope and fine-grained linguistic analysis to discuss the ways that Tlingit oratory constructs Tlingit space-time to promote community healing and decolonization. Through the discourse analysis, I show that Dalton collapses the time and space between the past and now, constructing worlds where the ancestors are in the same space as the living. To create a chronotope where the ancestors are present, Dalton uses linguistic tools such as demonstratives and focus marker spatiotemporal deixis to create proximity between the audience to the past. She also uses semiotic relations through clan motifs and objects, representing the past and used in the present to populate these worlds. Through these chronotopic worlds, Dalton reveals Tlingit understandings of time-space. These chronotopic worlds further create a space of precolonial contact for the living.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Tlingit"},{"word":"revitalization"},{"word":"chronotope"},{"word":"semiotic relations"},{"word":"Decolonization"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nn6f5dq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joseph","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marks","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona","department":"Department of Linguistics and School of Anthropology"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-31T18:18:09.862000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:39:00.591000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4826/galley/35247/download/"}]},{"pk":4831,"title":"Introduction: Language Lives in Unexpected Places","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This guest editors' introduction to the journal issue \"Language Lives in Unexpected Places\" contextualizes this special issue of American Indian Culture and Research Journal, an attempt to oppose ideas of disappearance through the continued reclamation of Indigenous languages. We connect this collection of papers with the publication of the special issue “American Indian Languages in Unexpected Places,” published previousely in this journal. The guest editors of that issue, Anthony Webster and Leighton Peterson, focused on the work of historian Philip Deloria, which highlights the ways perceptions of the “expected” and the “unexpected” of American Indians as well as linguistic anthropology’s attention to language inequalities and differing linguistic ideologies. Like Webster and Peterson’s earlier intervention, we seek “to place linguistic anthropology into meaningful dialogue with contemporary indigenous studies” (Webster and Peterson 2011). In this essay, we highlight some of the more recent themes and resonances between the disciplines and how the perspectives of linguistic anthropology can help us to theorize contemporary processes of settler colonialism, racism, and decolonization—both within and outside of academia.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Indigenous Languages"},{"word":"Linguistic Anthropology"},{"word":"language reclamation"},{"word":"Language Revitalization"},{"word":"Indigeneity"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35h7q606","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Georgia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ennis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Western Carolina University","department":"Anthropology"},{"first_name":"Erin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Debenport","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"Anthropology & American Indian Studies"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-31T22:29:17.495000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:40:39.366000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4831/galley/35249/download/"}]},{"pk":4817,"title":"“N8Vs Be Like…”: Processes of Authenticating Modern Indigenous Identities within Electronic Communal Spaces","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Textual bricolages, colloquially known as memes (along with other highly textualized media), have come to communicate a vast array of political and ideational alignments among interlocutors who consort through media transferals on social media platforms. Here I focus specifically on how particular memes are strategically constructed and distributed through social media as transferable and transmutable markers of identity capable of establishing and distilling an insider group membership among culturally competent interlocutors while simultaneously establishing outsider status to those for whom the texts remain opaque or meaningless. While memes are often used to establish social and ideological alignments, the textual composites I consider here are constructed from semiotic resources which are relevant to, and indexical of, Native North American identities. I compare memes and other texts that are representative examples of how identity work is conducted through tactics of intersubjectivity within electronic spaces. I submit that these compound texts represent sites of resistance to hegemonic discourses by cultivating groups of belonging within a visible public realm. Because prevailing discourses that insist on the disappearance of Indigenous peoples from sites of colonial interest endure, these Indigenous created counternarratives, constructed within highly modern social spaces, are a powerful means for reclaiming authorship of representation and interrupting the established discourse of failure and disappearance. I show that, despite a dominant discourse that insists on the impossibility of a modern indigeneity, the creation of Indigenous memes for social media is actually part of ongoing collaborative projects of resistance—irrefutable evidence of ever-emergent modern Native American identities.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Native American"},{"word":"identity work"},{"word":"memes"},{"word":"social media"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01p8c1dz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christina","middle_name":"Laree","last_name":"Newhall","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona","department":"Linguistics"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-29T02:10:33.976000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:37:34.801000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4817/galley/35245/download/"}]},{"pk":4822,"title":"On Relanguaging: From Documentation to Decolonization","subtitle":null,"abstract":"What does it mean to “relanguage”? I offer this term as a proposal and an approach toward change within and across disciplinary fields that investigate linguistic form and practice. It addresses the call to “decolonize” the academy while also recognizing the limits of decolonization in settler colonial contexts. Linguistic representations are not in and of themselves pejorative or “racist/racializing” or “colonizing.” Their interpretive framings by audiences and publics—as part of socioculturally, ideologically inflected processes of differentiation and acts of discrimination—result in acts of recognition that may, can, and do perpetuate already-entrenched stances and biases that result in “semiotic marginalization,” the enfigurement and ranking of certain language users as subordinate to other language users (and languages). This is not unfamiliar, but upending these institutionalized and culturally grounded interpretations is difficult. To exemplify relanguaging as a process for addressing semiotic marginalization, I reconsider previous fieldwork in three parts: language documentation, language revitalization, and language in media. I show that relanguaging happens whether or not we recognize it in the moment through the nonconforming voices, perspectives, and linguistic forms that are often the “noise” in a dataset. In tandem with reflexive research and collaboration, relanguaging confronts the marginalizing effects of a white, “Western” gaze.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Languaging"},{"word":"White Supremacy"},{"word":"Decolonization"},{"word":"American Indian"},{"word":"Hollywood"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0cd8c9gx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Barbra","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Meek","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan","department":"Anthropology"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-31T04:04:48.277000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:38:21.802000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/4822/galley/35246/download/"}]},{"pk":2584,"title":"Reweaving Language and Lifeways in the Western Amazon","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
In Ecuadorian Amazon, Napo Kichwa people have turned to live performances and the production of various forms of media to confront settler colonial disruption and language shift. In this article, I consider the multimodal reclamation of language and culture through a fiber called pita (Aechmea magdalenae). By remembering and reclaiming cultural practices and environmental knowledge—like the production of pita—alongside embodied language, the growth of pita in a local ecology of broadcast and performance media allow participants to reweave lifeways in the context of ongoing disruptions. Broadcast and performance media become a place-based, multimodal means to reclaim lifeways and linguistic practices.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"language reclamation"},{"word":"Media"},{"word":"radio"},{"word":"Kichwa"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9v316961","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Georgia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ennis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Western Carolina University","department":"Anthropology and Sociology"}],"date_submitted":"2023-10-12T16:18:46.994000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-14T22:35:59.554000+01:00","date_published":"2025-03-03T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/2584/galley/35244/download/"}]},{"pk":18087,"title":"Images in Black and White: Disparities in Utilization of Computed Tomography and Ultrasound for Older Adults with Abdominal Pain","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abdominal pain is the leading emergency department (ED) chief complaint in older (≥65 years of age) adults, accounting for 1.4 million ED visits annually. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) are high-yield tests that offer rapid and accurate diagnosis for the most clinically significant causes of abdominal pain. In this study we used nationally representative data to examine racial/ethnic differences in cross-sectional imaging for older adults presenting to the ED with abdominal pain.
\nMethods: We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to assess differences in the rate of imaging between White and Black older adults presenting to the ED for abdominal pain. Our primary outcome was the receipt of abdominal CT and/or ultrasound imaging.
\nResults: Across 1,656 older adult ED visits for abdominal pain, White patients were 26.8% (relatively, 14.2% absolute) more likely to receive abdominal CT and/or ultrasound than Black patients: 802 of 1,197 (67.0%) White patients were 26.8% (relatively, 14.2% absolute) more likely to receive abdominal computed tomography and/ or ultrasound than Black patients (P=0.01).
\nConclusion: This study revealed that Black older adults presenting to the ED with abdominal pain receive significantly lower levels of cross-sectional imaging (CT/ultrasound) than White patients. Our findings highlight the need for further investigations into causes of disparities while initiating quality improvement processes to assess and address site- and clinician-specific patterns of care.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"abdominal pain"},{"word":"CT"},{"word":"ultrasound"},{"word":"geriatric"},{"word":"racial disparities"},{"word":"imaging"}],"section":"Health Equity","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5r65r0cm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ijeoma","middle_name":"","last_name":"Unachukwu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"N.","last_name":"Adjei-Poku","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Olivia","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Sailors","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gonzales","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Eugenia","middle_name":"","last_name":"South","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Urban Health Lab, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Zach","middle_name":"","last_name":"Meisel","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Kelz","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Center for Surgery and Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Anne","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Cappola","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Endocrinology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Institute of Aging, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ari","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Friedman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania, Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-04-26T16:38:32+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-28T03:15:43.939000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-28T18:50:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18087/galley/36382/download/"}]},{"pk":18578,"title":"Emergency Department Comprehensive Social Risk Screening and Resource Referral Program","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The emergency department (ED) is an appropriate location to screen for and address social risks among patients; however, a standardized process does not currently exist. Our objective in this study was to describe the implementation and findings of a social risk screening and resource referral program using a comprehensive screening questionnaire.
\nMethods: We conducted a prospective, cohort study between July 2022–April 2023 at a single academic, urban ED in Los Angeles, CA. Trained staff on rotating shifts recruited ED patients between 6 am to midnight, with an average of 40 hours of coverage per week including weekends. Patients were excluded if they were <18 years of age, could not provide informed consent, or were deemed too medically unstable. Trained staff screened eligible consenting patients at ED bedside for social risks within 12 different domains of social determinants of health using a 19-question survey. Personalized resources were provided through an online platform or through direct communication with a social worker. Demographic data and patient responses were recorded in a deidentified database. We used a univariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate associations between demographic information and burden of social risk.
\nResults: A total of 4,277 ED patients were considered for screening, and 1,677 (39.2%) were eligible: 1,473 (87.8%) patients consented to social risk screening, and 1,078 (73.2%) of them had at least one social risk as indicated by the screening questionnaire. The most commonly reported social risks were social isolation (39%) and depression (23%). Between 88.9-96.8% of patients categorized as medium social risk were successfully provided resources through the online platform. Between 80.8-100% of patients categorized into high social risk had successfully connected with a social worker while in the ED. In this sample, there were significantly higher odds of having greater than one social risk for female (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.67) and Black patients (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.02-1.85) compared to male and White patients, respectively.
\nConclusion: This study describes the findings from a comprehensive social risk screening and resource referral program at a large, urban, academic ED. The results will inform resource prioritization at the study institution. This model can serve as a basis for similar institutions to use, while individualizing their own approach.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Health Equity","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dc4c1df","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kaytlena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stillman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Alex","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dahut","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Antonina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Caudill","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Katie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hren","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Office of Health Equity, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Krystal","middle_name":"","last_name":"Green","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Office of Health Equity, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Marie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lauzon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jackman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lawton","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Tananshi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chopra","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Joel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Geiderman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Sam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Torbati","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-11-18T04:55:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-08-27T23:03:25.322000+02:00","date_published":"2025-02-28T18:44:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18578/galley/36374/download/"}]},{"pk":35419,"title":"Creation and Implementation of an EMS Elective for Final-Year Medical Students: A 5-year Evaluation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Emergency medical services (EMS) professionals interact with nearly every type of physician and are key stakeholders across the healthcare spectrum. However, no formal national recommendations exist for medical student education about EMS. When looking for institution-level resources to assist in writing the educational objectives and curricular content for an EMS elective for medical students, limited examples are available for guidance. We designed, implemented, and evaluated a two-week EMS elective for final-year medical students. A pragmatic description of how to create an EMS elective is detailed.
\nMethods: The EMS elective involves an introductory session, an operational orientation, and six ambulance shifts. Self-directed activities and checklists encourage interdisciplinary learning between calls. Additionally, students deliver a case presentation including an example for improved interdisciplinary communication. Before and after the elective, a voluntary anonymous survey is distributed, in addition to a formal standard course evaluation.
\nResults: From 2017–2022, 37 students participated in the elective. Thirty-four (92%) submitted the pre-elective survey, and 21 (57%) submitted the post-elective survey. Mann-Whitney U testing suggested an improved understanding of the capabilities of different EMS practitioner levels and of the different types of medical oversight after the elective (median pre=60%, median post=90%, U=118, P<0.001). Qualitatively, students described their experiences as “practical,” “hands-on,” and “eye-opening.”
\nConclusion: An EMS elective using andragogy and intentional interdisciplinary communication seems useful in facilitating improved understanding of the fundamentals of EMS practice for final-year medical students.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency medical services"},{"word":"emergency medical technician"},{"word":"prehospital"},{"word":"medical student"},{"word":"curriculum"},{"word":"paramedic"},{"word":"ambulance"},{"word":"elective"}],"section":"Medical Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sq734d9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Edder","middle_name":"","last_name":"Peralta","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Emergency Medical Services, Stony Brook, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"","last_name":"Evers","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Emergency Medical Services, Stony Brook, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Toniann","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gonell","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Emergency Medical Services, Stony Brook, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hodges","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Emergency Medical Services, Stony Brook, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cohen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Emergency Medical Services, Stony Brook, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Lauren","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Maloney","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Emergency Medical Services, Stony Brook, New York","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-13T21:16:13.210000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-05T20:48:31.365000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-28T18:20:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35419/galley/36397/download/"}]},{"pk":31059,"title":"A Case Report Of A Rare, But Important, Cause Of Delerium Presenting To An Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Delayed post-hypoxic leukencephalopathy (DPHL) is a rare cause of acute neuropsychiatric decline diagnosable in Emergency Departments, but it has not been described in the Emergency Medical literature. We present a case report of a pathognomonic presentation.
\nCase Report: A man developed akinetic mutism fourteen days after being discharged from a hospitalization for fentanyl overdose. His presentation and MRI were pathognomonic for DPHL.
\nConclusion: DPHL can present to the ED as altered mental status days to weeks after apparent full recovery from an initial episode of cerebral hypoxia. This report will help Emergency Providers avoid missing this diagnosis.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"Delayed post-hypoxic leukencephalopathy"},{"word":"delirium causes"},{"word":"emergency neurology"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54t636xv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"G","last_name":"Miller","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa Healthcare, Departments of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-07-19T22:29:26.663000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-03T23:56:43.761000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-27T00:30:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/31059/galley/35731/download/"}]},{"pk":21309,"title":"Unraveling an Enigmatic Triad: A Case Report of Concurrent Neurosyphilis, Ocular Syphilis, and Otosyphilis in a Patient with HIV","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often present with overlapping stages and less obvious signs of syphilis, with potential serious complications including neurosyphilis. Neurosyphilis is a neurological manifestation resulting from the progression of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.
\nCase Report: We report the case of a 39-year-old previously incarcerated male with a history of HIV on antiretroviral therapy and previous methamphetamine use who was referred to the emergency department from an Ophthalmologist with a diagnosis of anterior uveitis and papilledema, with reported associated symptoms of blurry vision, tinnitus, and forgetfulness. Comprehensive diagnostic testing, including lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid analysis corroborated the diagnosis of neurosyphilis with otic and ocular involvement. The patient received intravenous aqueous crystalline penicillin G resulting in symptom improvement.
\nConclusion: Given the prevalence of syphilis and its diverse manifestations, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion in patients who are immunocompromised or engage in high-risk behaviors to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment, which are crucial for optimal outcomes and enhanced prognosis.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"HIV"},{"word":"Neurosyphilis"},{"word":"ocular syphilis"},{"word":"OtoSyphilis"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4v30g38h","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter Njouda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shitebongnju","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Rita’s Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Lima, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bobrov","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Rita’s Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Lima, Ohio","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-05T16:03:11.719000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-01-02T19:11:41.932000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-27T00:28:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/21309/galley/35730/download/"}]},{"pk":34864,"title":"Gastrosplenic Fistula in the Setting of Undiagnosed Lymphoma: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A gastrosplenic fistula (GSF) is a pathologic connection between the spleen and stomach that can lead to life threatening complications. A GSF can arise spontaneously but is often secondary to a variety of etiologies. Most commonly, GSFs arise from gastric or splenic non-Hodgkin’s diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Only 46 cases of GSFs have been published to date and due to its rarity, extensive literature review is insufficient for characterization of GSFs.
\nCase Report: This case discusses a patient with intermittent abdominal pain and weight loss which led to the diagnosis and treatment of a gastrosplenic fistula (GSF) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The patient later went into remission for his DLBCL but succumbed to respiratory failure from a secondary abdominal-pleural fistula formation. GSFs have the potential to cause fatal massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhages, infections, fistulas, or obstructions. Delayed diagnosis corresponds with a higher morbidity and mortality; thus, prompt detection and treatment are imperative. The management of GSFs is complex due to their rare nature and requires a multidisciplinary approach to care.
\nConclusion: The intention of this report is to provide information and increase awareness of GSFs in the medical community to facilitate their diagnosis.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"fistula"},{"word":"splenomegaly"},{"word":"lymphoma"},{"word":"psoriasis"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m8238zt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mackenzie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lecher","name_suffix":"","institution":"Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina","department":""},{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lecher","name_suffix":"","institution":"Faster Care Inc, Urgent Care, Sumter, South Carolina","department":""},{"first_name":"Lindsay","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tjiattas-Saleski","name_suffix":"","institution":"Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-27T04:15:02.893000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-18T00:02:06.511000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-27T00:23:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/34864/galley/35727/download/"}]},{"pk":33516,"title":"The Jaw-Locking Case Report of a Missed Tetanus Booster ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction
Tetanus is a now rare disease due to the widespread administration of scheduled and prophylactic vaccines, making it exceptionally uncommon to appear in many emergency departments. Clinical suspicion alone is used to make the diagnosis as there are currently no immediate diagnostic tests available to the clinician. If left unrecognized and untreated, however, tetanus can lead to airway compromise and death.
Case Report
We report a case of a young male who presented to the emergency department with intermittent full body spasms and lockjaw in the setting of recent assaults and lacerations weeks prior who had not received tetanus since 2008. Immediate calls were placed to infectious disease consultants and the patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, tetanus immunization, metronidazole, and ceftriaxone. Further work up revealed rhabdomyolysis, elevated lactate, and unremarkable imaging.
Conclusion
His symptoms improved to resolution with completion of his therapy, effectively confirming the diagnosis of tetanus.
Case Presentation: We describe a middle-aged female with past medical history of ulcerative colitis presenting to the emergency department with bilateral painful ulcers rapidly growing on her lower legs in the prior four weeks. She was consulted by a dermatologist and after a thorough clinical and pathology assessment (as a diagnosis of exclusion), treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum was started.
\nDiscussion: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a painful, chronic, ulcerative disorder often occurring in association with systemic disease. We review the clinical presentation of pyoderma gangrenosum and its complications. We describe the characteristics of ulcers with pictures from the patient. Our case illustrates the findings of pyoderma gangrenosum both clinically and pathologically.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Pyoderma gangrenosum"},{"word":"ulcerative colitis"}],"section":"Images in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31d029zx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Reza","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aghaei","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente, Central Valley, Department of Emergency Medicine, Modesto, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Edmund","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hsu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"","last_name":"McCoy","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-09-18T04:17:22.417000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-14T09:48:50.872000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-27T00:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1675/galley/35747/download/"}]},{"pk":21263,"title":"Risk Factors for Hospital Admissions Among Emergency Department Patients: From Triage to Admission","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Healthcare systems typically provide multiple channels to access acute inpatient care, with the emergency department (ED) as the main route of access. The ED faces multifaceted demand and supply challenges, which implicate resource allocation and patient flow. In this study we aimed to identify factors associated with hospital admissions among ED patients in a Singapore tertiary-care hospital.
\nMethods: Using a retrospective cohort study of all eligible visits to a Singapore ED between January 1–December 31, 2019, we conducted a multivariable, mixed-effect logistic regression model to study the factors associated with hospital admissions. The model accounted for patients’ demographics; triage category; arrival mode; referral source; time of ED visit; discharge diagnosis; and ED occupancy levels.
\nResults: In 2019, there were 141,719 visits to the ED, with 42,238 (30%) of these visits resulting in hospital admissions. Factors associated with increased odds of hospital admissions included increasing age, being male, ethnicity (Malay vs Chinese), higher patient acuity, non-self-referred patients (vs self-referred), patient being conveyed by ambulances (vs walk-in), and category of disease. Our model demonstrated that the highest odds of inpatient admissions were attributed to the patient’s acuity (highest vs lowest acuity: odds ratio [OR] 326, 95% confidence interval [CI] 292-363), followed by patients’ age (70 and above vs 30 and below: OR 13.8, 95% CI 12.8-14.8). The ORs for all other factors with significantly increased odds of admissions were modest, ranging from 1.12-4.18. Although the ED occupancy levels at the hour of the patient’s disposition decision, the hour of the ED visit, and the month of the ED visit were significantly associated with hospital admissions, changes in the probabilities of hospital admissions across the possible range of values of these factors were marginal.
\nConclusion: Our study revealed several factors significantly associated with hospital admissions, with patient acuity and age as the most important factors. Moreover, emergency physicians’ decisions to admit patients were clinically consistent and only marginally influenced by the degree of ED crowding. These findings offer invaluable insights into follow-up studies that will be crucial in shaping new policies or designing new interventions to enhance current preventive health or healthcare delivery systems to curtail the growth in inpatient-bed demand among ED patients over time.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"emergency admission"},{"word":"Association"},{"word":"triage to admission"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ct508wv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jemima","middle_name":"","last_name":"Koh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Health Services Research, Changi General Hospital, Singapore","department":""},{"first_name":"Oh","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hong Choon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Health Services Research, Changi General Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Health Services and Systems Research, Singapore; Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation, Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd, Singapore","department":""},{"first_name":"Seah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zeyen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Changi General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore","department":""},{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lim","name_suffix":"","institution":"Changi General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-05-27T05:45:32.636000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-06T22:37:14.306000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-25T18:09:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21263/galley/36391/download/"}]},{"pk":19394,"title":"Unlocking Cardiac Insights: Displacement of Aortic Root for Calculation of Ejection Fraction in Emergency Department in India","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Assessing cardiac function is crucial for managing acute dyspnea. In this study we aimed to evaluate displacement of the aortic root (DAR) as a method for calculating ejection fraction (EF) in patients with undifferentiated dyspnea presenting to the emergency department (ED). The primary objective was to compare EF values obtained through DAR with the modified Simpson method, which is considered the criterion reference, within an Indian academic ED.
\nMethods: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study spanning two years (December 2019–December 2021). The study enrolled 110 consecutive ED patients ≥18 years of age, presenting with undifferentiated dyspnea and normal sinus rhythm. Ultrasound-trained investigators measured DAR using M-mode ultrasonography. Experienced echocardiographers, blinded to DAR, determined EF using the modified Simpson method. Statistical analyses included the Shapiro-Wilk test, McNemar test, and the receiver operating characteristic curve.
\nResults: The mean DAR measurement was 0.781 centimeters, with an average calculated EF of 54.4%. The EF calculated using DAR did not differ significantly from EF calculated using the modified Simpson method. Comparative analysis revealed DAR’s superior sensitivity (86.21%) compared to mitral annular plane systolic excursion (48.28%) and end-point septal separation (45.45%). The DAR method exhibited high accuracy (area under the curve = 0.958) with a cut-off value 0.706 (sensitivity 88.7%, specificity 93.1%).
\nConclusion: Evaluating displacement of the aortic root to calculate ejection fraction in undifferentiated dyspnea demonstrated high accuracy, sensitivity, and agreement with the modified Simpson method, which is considered the criterion reference. Its simplicity and non-invasiveness makes it a valuable initial screening tool in emergency settings, with the potential to reshape cardiac assessment approaches and optimize patient care pathways in the ED.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"ejection fraction"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"dyspnoea"},{"word":"ultrasound"}],"section":"Cardiology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8td4w610","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sudhi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Manu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576 104","department":""},{"first_name":"Gopinathan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vivek","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India","department":""},{"first_name":"Asanaru Kunju","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sanjan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India","department":""},{"first_name":"A.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ajay","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Trauma and Emergency, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India","department":""},{"first_name":"S.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nisarg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576 104","department":""},{"first_name":"Mymbilly","middle_name":"Balakrishnan","last_name":"Jayaraj","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576 104","department":""},{"first_name":"T.R.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aishwarya","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Hospital Administration, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576 104","department":""},{"first_name":"Mohammad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khalid","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576 104","department":""},{"first_name":"S.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chetana","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India-576 104","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-02-04T15:44:00.607000+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-10-10T23:29:33.744000+02:00","date_published":"2025-02-25T15:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Final Article","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19394/galley/32381/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Layout","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19394/galley/31083/download/"},{"label":"Final Article","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19394/galley/32381/download/"}]},{"pk":24985,"title":"Diagnostic Delays Are Common, and Classic Presentations Are Rare in Spinal Epidural Abscess","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare surgical emergency of the spine that can result in permanent neurological injury if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. Because early presentation can appear similar to benign back or neck pain, delays in diagnosis may be relatively common. We sought an improved understanding of the characteristics associated with SEA and frequency of delays in SEA diagnosis.
\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with new magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed SEA from January 1, 2016–December 31, 2019 in an integrated healthcare system. We applied electronic data abstraction and focused manual chart review to describe potentially SEA-related ambulatory and emergency visits in the 30 days prior to SEA diagnosis, and patient characteristics including comorbidities, potential risk factors, and presenting signs and symptoms. We described the frequency of potential delays in diagnosis and of previously described clinical characteristics and risk factors for SEA.
\nResults: Spinal epidural abscess was diagnosed in 457 patients during the study period, 178 (39%) of whom were female, with median age 63 years (interquartile range 45-81 years). More than two-thirds of patients had at least one visit prior to diagnosis (323, 71%), and SEA location was most commonly the lumbar spine (235, 51%). Although over 90% of patients presented with back or neck pain or tenderness, the classic triad of back pain, fever, and neurologic symptoms was present in only 10% of patients. Diabetes mellitus and infection in the prior 90 days were common, while injection drug use, chronic steroid use, HIV infection, and solid organ transplant were rare.
\nConclusion: In an integrated healthcare system, 71% of patients with spinal epidural abscess had potentially related ambulatory care or emergency visits in the 30 days prior to diagnosis. Diagnosis of SEA remains challenging, with multiple visits common before the diagnosis is clear.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"spinal epidural abscess"},{"word":"Epidural abscess"},{"word":"diagnostic delay"}],"section":"Neurology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15t8q6sk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Edward","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Durant","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Pasadena, California; The Permanente Medical Group, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pleasanton, California; Kaiser Permanente Central Valley, Department of Emergency Medicine, Modesto, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Sarabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Copos","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pleasanton, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Bruce","middle_name":"F.","last_name":"Folck","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Pleasanton, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Meredith","middle_name":"","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Pleasanton, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Meena","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Ghiya","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pleasanton, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Hofmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pleasanton, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vuong","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Central Valley, Department of Emergency Medicine, Modesto, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Judy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, San Francisco, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Mamata","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kene","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pleasanton, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-28T19:59:18.495000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-20T00:05:18.782000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-24T18:58:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24985/galley/36414/download/"}]},{"pk":18630,"title":"A Review of Sports-Related, Life-Threatening Injuries Presenting to Emergency Departments, 2009-18","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the United States, 3.7 million people present to an emergency department (ED) annually with an injury related to sports or athletic activity. A prior study a decade ago revealed that 14% of life-threatening injuries presenting to EDs were sports related, with this percentage being higher in the pediatric population. However, with changes in sports participation and regulatory changes over the past decade, it is unclear whether the proportion of life-threatening sports-related injuries has changed.
\nMethods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), consisting of patients from years 2009–2018. Life-threatening injuries were defined as International Classification of Diseases 9 and 10 codes for skull fracture, cervical spine fractures, intracranial hemorrhage, traumatic pneumothorax/hemothorax, liver lacerations, spleen lacerations, traumatic aortic aneurysm or rupture, gastric/duodenal rupture, heat stroke, and commotio cordis. Injuries were classified as sports related based on external cause of injury codes. We examined the relationship between demographic variables and sports-related injuries using Pearson chi-square analysis.
\nResults: From the years 2009–2018 there were 256,564 observed ED visits. Of these, 646 were for life-threatening injuries, representing a national estimate of 3,456,166 patients over the 10-year period. Thirteen percent were sports related. Of the life-threatening injuries, 77.5% were injuries to the head and neck, and 9.1% of these were sports related. The proportion of life-threatening injuries due to sports and recreation was higher among pediatric patients than adult patients (30.4% vs 9.9%, P<0.001). The proportion of sports-related life-threatening injuries to the head and neck was also higher among pediatric patients than adult patients (23.3% vs 6.4%, P<0.001)
\nConclusion: A substantial proportion of life-threatening injuries occur during sports and recreation, especially among pediatric patients. Compared to a similar study a decade ago, there is a similar proportion of life-threatening injuries that are sports related, however; there does seem to be a decrease in the proportion of life-threatening sports-related injuries to the head and neck. Sports medicine physicians and sports organizations should continue to find effective ways to prevent life-threatening injuries in sports.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"Sports Medicine"},{"word":"Life-Threatening Injuries"}],"section":"Injury Prevention and Population Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9rq5n3hw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Abiye","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ibiebele","name_suffix":"","institution":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Rebekah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mannix","name_suffix":"","institution":"Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"","last_name":"Meehan","name_suffix":"III","institution":"Boston Children’s Hospital, Division of Sports Medicine, Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Boston, Massachusetts","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-12-13T23:44:47+01:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-24T21:07:17.095000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-24T18:02:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18630/galley/36406/download/"}]},{"pk":20916,"title":"Revisiting processing complexity of nested and cross-serial dependencies","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In two web-based experiments, we compare comprehension difficulty between Dutch and German sentences with clusters of two or three verbs. In Dutch, such sentences involve crossing dependencies, whereas these dependencies are nested in German. Replicating the seminal finding of Bach et al. (1986), we find that the crossing (Dutch) structure is easier to comprehend than the nested (German) structure, although we find a different pattern of results in terms of where this difficulty manifests. The results are in line with predictions from the Dependency Locality Theory.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w04m7v2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Himanshu","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yadav","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","department":""},{"first_name":"Stefan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Frank","name_suffix":"","institution":"Radboud University","department":""},{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"","last_name":"Futrell","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine","department":""},{"first_name":"Samar","middle_name":"","last_name":"Husain","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","department":"Humanities and Social Sciences"}],"date_submitted":"2024-04-18T17:54:20.853000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-10-22T15:11:07.826000+02:00","date_published":"2025-02-18T15:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/20916/galley/31559/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/20916/galley/31558/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/20916/galley/31559/download/"}]},{"pk":24871,"title":"Thematic considerations in the processing of local ambiguities: Evidence from Hebrew","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In three forced-choice completion experiments in Hebrew, the present study investigates the degree to which attachment decisions in sentences with local ambiguity are driven by the goal to maximize interpretation during incremental processing. In particular, we examine a processing strategy aimed at thematic assignment maximization proposed by Pritchett (1988, 1992): at every point during processing, the Theta Criterion attempts to be satisfied, given the maximal thematic grid of the available verbs. We find a consistent preference for attaching a noun phrase to a preceding verb over attaching it as the subject of a yet-unmentioned verb, in accord with thematic assignment maximization and in line with previous observations. In contrast, when two possible verbs were available before the noun phrase, no consistent attachment preference was observed. This points to a prominent role for thematic assignment in ambiguity resolution. In addition, transitivity bias was found to affect processing choices in the latter case, but not in the former. Finally, we show that local thematic assignment maximization can even override global grammaticality.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05t0n30m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lola","middle_name":"","last_name":"Karsenti","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tel Aviv University","department":"Linguistics"},{"first_name":"Aya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Meltzer-Asscher","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tel Aviv University","department":"Linguistics"}],"date_submitted":"2024-06-17T15:21:38.567000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-16T15:54:28.596000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-18T15:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/24871/galley/31585/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/24871/galley/31584/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/24871/galley/31585/download/"}]},{"pk":1574,"title":"A Pediatric Case Report of Acute Torticollis Secondary to Atraumatic Cerebellar Hemorrhage","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There exists a wide differential of etiologies for pediatric torticollis that extend beyond musculoskeletal factors.
\nCase Report: We present a novel case of an 8-year-old male with acute, atraumatic hemorrhage of the left cerebellum presenting with gradual worsening torticollis. Upon further diagnostic workup, he was found to have an intracerebral hemorrhage due to a cerebellar cavernous malformation. Though the hemorrhage boundaries were extensive, the patient had only exhibited transient dysmetria and facial weakness, with ultimate resolution of torticollis and these neurological symptoms after several days.
\nConclusion: This case demonstrates the importance of maintaining a broad differential in the workup of acute pediatric torticollis.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Torticollis"},{"word":"cerebellar hemorrhage"},{"word":"cavernous malformation"},{"word":"pediatric"},{"word":"atraumatic"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99d3k6f7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jan Aldrin","middle_name":"Guevarra","last_name":"Enabore","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dell Children’s Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Austin, Texas","department":""},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vezzetti","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dell Children’s Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Austin, Texas; University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas","department":""},{"first_name":"Guyon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hill","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dell Children’s Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Austin, Texas; University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-31T22:21:14.767000+02:00","date_accepted":"2023-11-25T01:48:48.627000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:35:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1574/galley/38491/download/"}]},{"pk":21246,"title":"Perinatal Stroke Presenting as Arm Swelling: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Introduction: Perinatal stroke is a rare but clinically significant condition that can present in a variety of ways, which can result in diagnostic challenges in a particularly vulnerable population. We present the case of a term neonate who presented with left arm swelling, ultimately diagnosed with perinatal stroke.
\nCase Report: A term male neonate presented to the emergency department with left arm swelling noted the day prior, with abnormal tone of the left arm since birth. Physical examination revealed mild erythema and edema localized to the left upper extremity, with the arm held in flexion. Neurological examination was otherwise unremarkable. Further evaluation, including imaging studies, demonstrated thrombi in the left axillary and subclavian arteries, as well as an infarct involving the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) with diffusion restriction, consistent with perinatal stroke.
\nConclusion: Through this case report, we aim to increase awareness of perinatal stroke among healthcare professionals and highlight the importance of prompt recognition and appropriate management in optimizing outcomes for affected infants.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"perinatal stroke"},{"word":"pediatric"},{"word":"ultrasound"},{"word":"magnetic resonance imaging"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ds509nz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sylvester","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas","department":""},{"first_name":"Amber","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Morse","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas","department":""},{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kwong","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-05-24T21:23:09.332000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-10-15T16:53:00.382000+02:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:31:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/21246/galley/35721/download/"}]},{"pk":24999,"title":"Use of Point-of-care Ultrasound for Placement of a Gastric Tamponade Balloon","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Case Presentation: A 30-year-old female with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis and esophageal varices presented with massive hematemesis. A gastric balloon tamponade device was subsequently placed to temporize variceal hemorrhage, and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) was used to confirm the appropriate placement of the gastric balloon before complete inflation. We describe a novel use of ultrasound for use in severely ill patients with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.
\nDiscussion: A fluid-filled and distended stomach has long been recognized as a cause of a false-positive focused assessment with sonography in trauma exam but may also be a vital piece of information in the scenario of a patient with suspected upper GI hemorrhage. There is very little description in the literature of using POCUS to confirm the appropriate placement of a gastric tamponade balloon with none by emergency physicians.. Ultrasound may offer advantages over plain radiography in this application given its speed and safety; thus, its utility for this task is worth further investigation.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"POCUS"},{"word":"Gastric"},{"word":"Varices"},{"word":"MINNESOTA"},{"word":"BLAKEMORE"},{"word":"balloon tamponade device"},{"word":"hematemesis"}],"section":"Images in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zt8b4vv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Minges","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Martina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Diaz-McDermott","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Jazmyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shaw","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-07-22T06:28:09.832000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-11-13T16:32:26.817000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:24:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/24999/galley/35746/download/"}]},{"pk":35473,"title":"Case Report of Post-Appendectomy Fungal Osteomyelitis: A Rare Complication in a Healthy Patient ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Osteomyelitis is a bone infection that presents with swelling, erythema, pain, and possible systemic symptoms. Immunocompromised patients are at higher risk of developing osteomyelitis. While bacterial osteomyelitis is the most common source causing infection, fungal osteomyelitis is even more uncommon with very few case reports published. Work up should include imaging studies to investigate infections when there is clinical suspicion for osteomyelitis. Bone biopsy is performed to identify the causative agent with bacterial infections being the most common. Osteomyelitis can be treated both surgically with debridement or amputation and medically with extended courses of antimicrobials or antifungals. Our case describes acute onset fungal foot osteomyelitis after an uncomplicated appendectomy.
\nCase Report: A 19-year-old previously healthy female underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for nonperforated, non-gangrenous appendicitis. Fourteen days later, she developed gradually worsening right foot pain, swelling, and erythema. After multiple failed treatments for the management of osteomyelitis, bone biopsies and courses of antibiotics, patient was ultimately diagnosed with a rare osteomyelitis secondary to Coccidioides species, which was managed and improved with antifungals.
\nConclusion: Bacterial osteomyelitis has been described in two English case reports as a postoperative complication of appendectomy, particularly when the appendicitis is perforated, gangrenous or purulent. Fungal osteomyelitis is an even rarer cause of postoperative bone infection in immunocompetent patients. The goal for treatment is surgical intervention or pharmacologic management. Emergency Department practitioners should maintain a high suspicion for fungal osteomyelitis in otherwise healthy patients presenting with musculoskeletal complaints, and should consider the possibility of fungal species as the cause.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Fungal osteomyelitis"},{"word":"appendectomy"},{"word":"Coccidiodes"},{"word":"Hematogenous osteomyelitis"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xh6d22m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cameron","middle_name":"","last_name":"Juybari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Andras","middle_name":"","last_name":"Muranyi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Loma Linda University Health, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Emmelyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Samones","name_suffix":"","institution":"Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California","department":""},{"first_name":"MINDI","middle_name":"","last_name":"GUPTILL","name_suffix":"","institution":"Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-20T18:53:35.046000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-20T02:11:52.364000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:16:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/35473/galley/35722/download/"}]},{"pk":25343,"title":"Lipschütz Ulcers In 12-year-old Premenarchal Female Days After A Gastrointestinal Illness: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lipschütz ulcers are a rare immune-mediated reaction that commonly occurs in premenarchal females, usually associated with a recent viral illness.1
The treatment for Lipschütz ulcers consists of pain relief, topical steroids, and, in severe cases, a course of systemic steroids.1 A thorough history and exam, as well as an appropriate workup to rule out other causes of vaginal ulceration, should be completed.2
Case Report: A premenarchal, 12-year-old female presented to the emergency department (ED) with her mother due to significant vulvar pain. Two days prior, the patient had a gastrointestinal illness associated with vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. On exam, she had significant swelling of the labia minor, discoloration with a necrotic appearance of the introitus, and brown vaginal discharge.The patient denied sexual intercourse, concern for retained vaginal foreign body, or vaginal trauma. Gynecology suggested the diagnosis of a rare post-viral immune-mediated reaction causing acute genital ulcerations, also known as Lipschütz ulcers. The patient’s treatment regimen included topical and systemic steroids, enteral opioid pain medication, and topical lidocaine. Her symptoms had resolved at her two-month follow-up visit.
\nConclusion: In summary, this case report discusses a previously healthy 12-year-old premenarchal female who presented to the ED due to vulvar swelling, pain, and vaginal discharge in the setting of a recent viral gastrointestinal illness. The patient was seen in the ED by gynecology and diagnosed with Lipschütz ulcers. Lipschütz ulcers are an uncommon condition causing acute genital ulcers.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Acute genital ulcers"},{"word":"Gynecology"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"adolescent"},{"word":"case report"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/52n9594x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kathleen","middle_name":"Marie","last_name":"Skeens","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Laura","middle_name":"","last_name":"Walker","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-07-04T04:49:35.749000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-05T12:53:40.882000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:12:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/25343/galley/35723/download/"}]},{"pk":38090,"title":"BRASH Syndrome in the Absence of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bradycardia, Renal failure, Atrioventricular nodal blockade, Shock, Hyperkalemia (BRASH syndrome) is commonly misdiagnosed in the emergency department, which can lead to a delay in care and poor patient outcomes.
\nCase Report: We present a case of BRASH syndrome in a patient with no underlying renal disease, which further complicated diagnosis and delayed treatment.
\nConclusion: Prompt recognition of the underlying pathophysiology in cases of BRASH syndrome is essential to guide treatment and avoid delays in care.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"case report"},{"word":"BRASH"},{"word":"shock"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fr2g5wk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anthony","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zaffino","name_suffix":"","institution":"Riverside Regional Medical Center, Emergency Department, Newport News, Virginia","department":""},{"first_name":"Amanda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Polsinelli","name_suffix":"","institution":"Riverside Regional Medical Center, Emergency Department, Newport News, Virginia","department":""},{"first_name":"Adam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Purdy","name_suffix":"","institution":"Riverside Regional Medical Center, Critical Care Department, Newport News, Virginia","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-10-18T15:28:17.184000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-30T18:37:11.221000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/38090/galley/35726/download/"}]},{"pk":33523,"title":"Fusobacterium necrophorum Brain Abscess Following Invasive Sinusitis in an Immunocompetent Adult: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A brain abscess is a localized collection of purulent infection within the brain parenchyma. It most often occurs due to contiguous spread from sinus, otogenic, and odontogenic infections; however, it can also develop from direct intracranial contact via trauma or surgery. Fusobacterium necrophorum, an obligate anaerobic, gram-negative bacillus, is part of the normal flora of the oral cavity. Given its inherent location, F necrophorum has been shown to contribute to complications stemming from infection of the tonsils, pharynx, and teeth. Invasive infections of F necrophorum are seldomly seen in immunocompetent patients.
\nCase Report: We report a case of a previously healthy 20-year-old man who presented to our emergency department with headache, facial pain, and neck stiffness. He was ultimately found to have an F necrophorum intracranial abscess and underwent right frontal craniotomy with evacuation of epidural abscess and partial sinus obliteration. He was placed on broad-spectrum antibiotics, including vancomycin, cefepime, and metronidazole for six weeks. His treatment course was
complicated by recurrence of intraparenchymal abscess requiring repeat craniotomy with abscess evacuation and advancement of antibiotic regimen to meropenem. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases in the literature of monomicrobial F necrophorum brain abscesses arising secondary to invasive sinusitis in immunocompetent adults.
Conclusion: This report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, management challenges, clinical outcomes, and complications of invasive sinusitis leading to brain abscess formation in an otherwise healthy adult male.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"brain abscess"},{"word":"case report"},{"word":"Fusobacterium necrophorum"},{"word":"sinusitis"}],"section":"Case Reports","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73c5z7b4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andres","middle_name":"V.","last_name":"Somoza","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Christina","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"Hanos","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Jesse","middle_name":"","last_name":"St Clair IV","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Courtney","middle_name":"Lyn","last_name":"James","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-01T21:03:49.305000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-12-20T06:33:49.860000+01:00","date_published":"2025-02-16T01:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/33523/galley/35724/download/"}]},{"pk":21201,"title":"Analysis of the Highest Altmetrics-scored Articles in Emergency Medicine Journals","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Alternative metrics (altmetrics) have emerged as invaluable tools for assessing the influence of scholarly articles. In this study we aimed to evaluate correlations between Altmetric Attention Scores (AAS), and sources and actual citations in articles displaying the highest AAS within emergency medicine (EM) journals.
\nMethods: We conducted an analysis of EM journals listed in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) using the Altmetric Explorer tool. We analyzed the journals that received the highest number of mentions, the sources of AAS, the regions most frequently mentioned, and the geographical distribution of mentions. In the subsequent stage of our analysis, we conducted an examination of the 200 top-ranked articles that had received high AAS and were published in SCIE EM journals from January 1, 2013–January 1, 2023. We sought to determine the correlations between the AAS and the citation counts of articles on Google Scholar and the Web of Science (WOS).
\nResults: Of 40,840 research outputs evaluated, there were 510,047 shares across multiple platforms. The AAS were present for 36,719 articles (89.9%), while 10.1% had no score. In the review of the top 200 articles with the highest AAS, the median score was 382.5 (interquartile range 301.3–510.8). Of the research output evaluated, 38% were observational studies, 13% case reports, and 13% reviews/meta-analyses. The most common research topics were emergency department (ED) management and COVID-19. There was no correlation between AAS and WOS citation numbers (rs = −0.041, P = 0.563, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.175–0.087). There was a weak correlation identified between WOS citations and mentions on X, and a moderate correlation observed for WOS citations and blog mentions
(rs = 0.330, P < .001, 95% CI 0.174 to 0.458; rs2 = 0.109, and rs = 0.452, P < .001, 95% CI 0.320–0.566; and rs2 = 0.204, respectively). However, we found a strong positive correlation between WOS citations and the number of Mendeley readers (rs = 0.873, P < .001, 95% CI 0.82–0.911, rs2 = 0.762).
Conclusion: While most articles in EM journals received an AAS, we found no correlation with traditional citation metrics. However, Mendeley readership numbers showed a strong positive correlation with citation counts, suggesting that academic platform engagement may better predict scholarly impact.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Altmetric Attention Score"},{"word":"bibliometric"},{"word":"Citations"},{"word":"SCI-Expanded"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"}],"section":"Research Methods","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83q1b003","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Başak","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bayram","name_suffix":"","institution":"İzmir Metropolitan Municipality Eşrefpaşa Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"Murat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Çetin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dr. Behçet Uz Children’s Education and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Konak, Izmir, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"Önder","middle_name":"","last_name":"Limon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Izmir University of Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Medicalpoint Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Karşıyaka, Izmir, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"Brit","middle_name":"","last_name":"Long","name_suffix":"","institution":"San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Sam Houston, Texas","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gottlieb","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rush University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-05-15T14:45:13.060000+02:00","date_accepted":"2024-09-17T02:03:21.877000+02:00","date_published":"2025-02-14T15:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Final Article","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21201/galley/32352/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Layout","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21201/galley/31262/download/"},{"label":"Final Article","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21201/galley/32352/download/"}]}]}