{"count":39542,"next":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=22200","previous":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=22000","results":[{"pk":6092,"title":"Deconstructing Secularization Theory: Religion, Secularity, and Self-hood since the Onset of Western Modernity","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The secularization thesis is a prominent paradigm within the sociology of religion. It holds that modernity has made religion increasingly obsolete. This paper refutes the secularization thesis, arguing that religion was essential to modernity (particularly in its pertinence to the development of capitalism and democracy). Yet if religion is embedded within modern civic and political life, then what do we mean when we speak of “the secular”? I argue that secularity is a set of orientations and sensibilities \ntowards\n religion that have evolved through their own repeated iteration within academia on religion. The discourse of the secular is crucial to the modern political project of governance; it creates and reifies power relations not only between the populace and the elite, but also between the west and the less modernized regions of the middle east. However, the discourses of religion and secularity are entirely subject to changing cultural conditions. I posit that postmodernity-- an era characterized by rampant consumerism and mobility – has engendered a new form of religiosity in which the individual is able to combine tenets and traditions from a multitude of traditions without experiencing cultural or cognitive dissonance in so doing. Because of religion’s reflexivity to societal change and the consistent impact it has made on the fruition of such development, the secularization thesis must be replaced by a more robust paradigm built upon the interconnectedness of the postmodern world and the longstanding interaction between religion, secularity and structures of power.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Religion"},{"word":"Secularity"},{"word":"Modernity"},{"word":"Postmodernity"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/187415hf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicole","middle_name":"Bryanna","last_name":"Owens","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-09-21T19:00:46-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-09-21T19:00:46-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-30T17:50:10-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6092/galley/3698/download/"}]},{"pk":6074,"title":"Sacred Culture and Secular Religion: Catholic Missionary Work in Japan","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Whenever Christian missionaries proselytize, they always discuss the interaction between culture and religion in the society they are attempting to convert. What they often do not realize is the role of modernity in producing both these categories, reorganizing how missionaries relate not only to potential converts, but also to how they understand their own theology. This study follows the genealogy of religion and secularism in their development in Japan. It also traces the development and introduction of the concepts of culture and religion as two distinct spheres in the Roman Catholic Church. These historical changes lay the foundation for how Catholic missionaries classify something as either cultural, religious, or both, and how that classification affects their willingness to change practices or teachings according to “culture” or preserve them for the sake of “religion.” This research also includes ethnography about an Opus Dei center, a Catholic institution, in Japan with how they go about their missionary activities. The ethnography reveals that preference of historical Catholic practice over adapting to what is considered more Japanese forms of practice is not about asserting a dominance of the West over the East, but about the maintenance of legitimacy to a sacred tradition, which theoretically spans space and time. Furthermore, despite Catholicism’s association with the West, Opus Dei’s focus on virtue through cultivation of pious habits rejects the dichotomy between religion and culture, making both a matter of practice instead of abstract thought.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Religion"},{"word":"Secularism"},{"word":"Japan"},{"word":"Culture"},{"word":"Missionary"},{"word":"Catholicism"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13q3h0ms","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hoa Francisco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ngo","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-09-08T07:26:22-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-09-08T07:26:22-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-30T17:48:59-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6074/galley/3693/download/"}]},{"pk":6089,"title":"The New World of Derivative Regulation:  Clearing Risk through Clearinghouses","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Derivatives are financial instruments whose price is determined based on the value of another commodity, stock, currency, interest rate or similar item. Most often, they are structured as swap contracts which amount to an exchange of cash flows: on a certain date, one party gives the other a fixed amount and the other is required to put forth an amount based on the current market price. The fixed payer has sold the risk of price movement and the fixed receiver has bought that risk. Derivatives have gained popularity in the past few decades given their exemption from certain provisions in the Bankruptcy Code and their over-the-counter status that long freed them from any type of regulatory oversight.\n \nAfter the 2008 financial crisis, the U.S. government enacted regulatory changes domestically via the Dodd-Frank Act, which put derivatives under the jurisdiction of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Most major types of derivative transactions must now use clearinghouses as their middleman (Skeel, 2011). The goal of a clearinghouse is to measure the risk of loss on a default and require the clearing member to pre-fund it through margin deposits. The interplay between banks, regulatory agencies and clearinghouses has developed a new norm for the drafting of derivative contracts and the clearing procedures involved in the modern exchange platform. My research suggests that although the contracts that have remained under the jurisdiction of the new reforms are becoming less hazardous, there exist new threats stemming from the transformation of swap agreements into less regulated futures contracts.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/900975ht","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jorge","middle_name":"","last_name":"Toledo","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-09-21T16:56:39-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-09-21T16:56:39-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-30T17:48:07-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6089/galley/3697/download/"}]},{"pk":6088,"title":"El Gran Canal de Nicaragua: Between the Politics of Land, Survival, and Autonomy on the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The struggle for autonomy and multicultural governance, in both rich and poor countries alike, is riddled by contradictions—this, the literature largely agrees on. On the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua, recent events illustrate these contradictions and provide further insight on how multi-ethnic states can promote autonomous rights and in particular, protect indigenous land rights. Through a narrative of indigenous people’s centuries-old struggle for autonomy on the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua, leading up to the most recent state-sponsored expropriation of indigenous territory to build \nel Gran Canal, \nthis paper utilizes first-hand interviews, legal documents, and Nicaraguan news articles to illustrate both the successes and pitfalls of recent reforms to decentralize and strengthen indigenous land rights as part of the region’s broader, ongoing autonomous process. In doing so, this paper argues that while the Caribbean Coast’s current autonomy regime advances the indigenous right’s agenda by opening up new spaces for political participation, such advances are limited both by Nicaragua’s structural conditions and the inherent contradictions of state-sponsored autonomy. The paper concludes with the argument that in order to fulfill the promises for autonomous rights first set out in the 1860 Treaty of Managua, Nicaragua’s \ncoste\nñ\nos\n must strengthen grassroots movements. As long as autonomy remains dependent on the state, it will remain nothing but a lofty goal.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Indigenous Rights, Nicaragua, Autonomy, Decentralization, Land Rights, Democracy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wb554vr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alexandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Berryhill","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-09-21T16:31:59-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-09-21T16:31:59-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-30T17:47:10-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6088/galley/3696/download/"}]},{"pk":6085,"title":"Dangerous Love: \"Positive\" Eugenics, Mass Media, and the Scientific Woman, 1900–1945","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In the early twentieth century, the concept of eugenics swept through the American scientific community and lay public. Concerned with the production of \"better babies\" through \"better breeding,\" eugenics found a place among other Progressive Era social movements, such as public health and home economics, that thought to use science to improve social conditions. Eugenists promoted both \"negative\" eugenics—the use of coercion, isolation, and sterilization to prevent childbearing among those deemed genetically inferior—and \"positive\" eugenics—the encouragement of increased or improved voluntary childbearing among those of \"superior stock.\" My research will identify why positive eugenics became so popular among middle-class white women in the United States. By examining newspaper and magazine articles dating from 1900–1945, I argue that many middle-class white women supported positive eugenics because 1) it assured women that they could experience more independence, happier marriages, healthier children, and superior parenthood; and 2) it formed areas in which women could exercise authority and build interpersonal relationships with other women. While scholars have portrayed eugenics as simply a tactic to coerce and subjugate women's sexuality and fertility, I instead contend that some middle-class white women supported eugenics because of its promises for self-empowerment.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"eugenics"},{"word":"Women"},{"word":"marriage"},{"word":"love"},{"word":"Children"},{"word":"Media"},{"word":"1900s"},{"word":"Twentieth century"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0hh4p12n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Natalie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Oveyssi","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-09-20T22:23:46-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-09-20T22:23:46-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-30T17:44:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6085/galley/3695/download/"}]},{"pk":44140,"title":"A Unique Presentation of a Spinal Cord Tumor","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qc2p0fr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Adam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cavallero","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Luke","middle_name":"","last_name":"Macyszyn","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-18T03:17:05-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44140/galley/32943/download/"}]},{"pk":58086,"title":"Any Time, Any Place","subtitle":null,"abstract":"\"Any Time, Any Place\" is an attempted translation of the ineluctable. A lyric streetlevel engagement that draws resonance from wage labor melancholy, daydream, song, sickness and flanueristic desire.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m62n0zh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jamie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Townsend","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T13:45:40-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T13:45:40-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58086/galley/44250/download/"}]},{"pk":58080,"title":"Dissecting the Barbarian","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract\n \nThis piece investigates the connections between the socio-political crisis in contemporary Greece and the lamentation embodied in Euripides’s Ancient Greek tragedy, \nThe Trojan Women\n. It suggests that the notion of the barbarian and pinpointing the other have been diachronic symptoms of Greek society. The voice of this writing is a fusion of standpoints in an attempt to mirror the blurred space between multiple perspectives and definitions of truth.\n \nThrough conducting a critique on ideology and nationalism, I describe the development of the Greek economic meltdown and its growth into a humanitarian disaster through the reinforcement of the \nGolden Dawn,\n a prevalent neo-Nazi party in Greece that is perpetuating violence\n.\n My voice is of an observer who is intellectually and emotionally attached to the current socially disenfranchised members of society, the othered immigrants and refugees residing in Greece. One of the objectives of this piece is to remind and reveal the barbaric acts of fascism that interlink contemporary Greek social conditions to these of the ancient world.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration, Racism, Nationalism, Ideology, Creative Writing, Barbarian, Ancient Greek Tragedy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kn0d46v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Miliou-Theocharaki","name_suffix":"","institution":"School of the Art Institute Chicago, Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-03-29T21:38:14-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-03-29T21:38:14-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58080/galley/44245/download/"}]},{"pk":58087,"title":"Excerpts from THE ROMANCE OF SIAM: A POCKET GUIDE","subtitle":null,"abstract":"These pieces are excerpts from the forthcoming book THE ROMANCE OF SIAM: A POCKET GUIDE, which is a subverted travel guide that interrogates the desire White people have to lose and reinvent themselves in Thailand. I track how this “White love” manifests in the tourism industry, popular American media and the western imaginary in order to reveal the connections between tourism and colonization.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0cf8m7zg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jai","middle_name":"Arun","last_name":"Ravine","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T13:51:39-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T13:51:39-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58087/galley/44251/download/"}]},{"pk":58090,"title":"Excerpts from THE UNDYING PRESENT","subtitle":null,"abstract":"THE UNDYING PRESENT unfolds in a time not unlike ours, in a city between worlds, in the space between bodies, in the camera's flat gaze and the eyes of a crowd that exceeds it.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1ks3g2q6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Syd","middle_name":"","last_name":"Staiti","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:03:00-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:03:00-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58090/galley/44254/download/"}]},{"pk":58092,"title":"Four Poems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Four Poems","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24n610pf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Diana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rickard","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:18:27-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:18:27-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58092/galley/44256/download/"}]},{"pk":58091,"title":"from \"someone's dead already\"","subtitle":null,"abstract":"\"Eisen-Martin's syntax lands somewhere between Sphinx and Thelonious…through poem he makes spare, efficient, wild-eyed jazz…rubs mud and accountability into the pores of the zeros and ones in the glass and steel city. Throughout SOMEONE'S DEAD ALREADY, I return to the wonder of the writer's economy of language, how deftly the words infuse their amulet casings with blood temperature at the edge of boiling. This work is as hungry as revolution, a necessary, deadly still in these shifting times…\"—Marc Bamuthi Joseph","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27f2b6cp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Tongo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Eisen-Martin","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:13:39-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:13:39-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58091/galley/44255/download/"}]},{"pk":58096,"title":"Penumbra","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Do bodies create a city? Do minds create a  city? How does movement shape geography? How does fragility alter  architecture? This ekphrastic piece was created inside a structured  movement improvisation. I invented a city, in the tradition of Italo  Calvino, to contain the work influenced by my dance partner, who was  experiencing extreme mind states of psychosis, and my own experiences  with bipolar disorder.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qs8796v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Stephanie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heit","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:32:06-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:32:06-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58096/galley/44260/download/"}]},{"pk":58132,"title":"Preface: Poietic Polis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Special Editor's preface to Streetnotes 24:  Poietic Polis","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17s2565j","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Derek","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fenner","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-16T19:53:03-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-16T19:53:03-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58132/galley/44291/download/"}]},{"pk":58094,"title":"Screen Grab","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Poem","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27h5f4dj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Micah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ballard","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:26:09-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:26:09-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58094/galley/44258/download/"}]},{"pk":58093,"title":"Six Poems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Need abstract","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xg3b4m0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"James","last_name":"Whittington","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:22:16-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:22:16-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58093/galley/44257/download/"}]},{"pk":58085,"title":"Spectres Are Us","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A poetic sequence annunciating the schism between the poet and the city. The fragile observation of looking out while cruising along the avenues of reading writing/writing reading.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gt8m2s8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"James","last_name":"Dunagan","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T13:42:24-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T13:42:24-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58085/galley/44249/download/"}]},{"pk":58133,"title":"Streetnotes 24 cover","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Poietic Polis","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86d448c6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":".","middle_name":"","last_name":".","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-17T14:08:21-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-17T14:08:21-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58133/galley/44292/download/"}]},{"pk":58134,"title":"Streetnotes 24 front matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Poietic Polis","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rf8f1v2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":".","middle_name":"","last_name":".","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Davis","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-17T14:15:47-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-17T14:15:47-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58134/galley/44293/download/"}]},{"pk":58089,"title":"Streetscapes","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Series of poems...","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7b90h6bg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sunnylyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Thibodeaux","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T13:59:37-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T13:59:37-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58089/galley/44253/download/"}]},{"pk":58082,"title":"The Path of Darkness","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"poetry, gang, crime, fiction, short-fiction"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ww692q8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Minh-Ha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tran","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-03-15T11:03:44-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-03-15T11:03:44-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58082/galley/44246/download/"}]},{"pk":58084,"title":"There Are People Who Look Indecent in Clean Linen","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Excerpts from the Schizologues","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2d60n9js","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Aird","name_suffix":"","institution":"Other","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-24T18:05:00-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-24T18:05:00-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58084/galley/44248/download/"}]},{"pk":58095,"title":"Two Poems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The poet expresses her alienation in a chaotic city through pictorial poetry. One poem depicts form in words and the other is a poetic map of her imagination longing for an order.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tc540zv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ava","middle_name":"","last_name":"Koohbor","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T14:29:28-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T14:29:28-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58095/galley/44259/download/"}]},{"pk":58088,"title":"Two Poems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The world wasn't born yesterday. The past inflects the present, and it is our knowledge, interpretation and use of history enables us to intervene there. I do not mean the kind of knowledge you learn in schools, but a lived political knowing, in language and action -- this is our natality. In my writing, and in my everyday living breathing body, I want to help to create a map to a future free from the terror of the world we've inherited. I want to write towards a place where we can find each other, now and then.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qm4196k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alli","middle_name":"","last_name":"Warren","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alli Warren's most recently published works include Don't Go Home With Your Heart On (Faux Press, 2014) and Poetry Center Book Award winner Here Come the Warm Jets (City Lights, 2013). Her writing has been published in many journals and magazines, including Poetry, Brooklyn Rail, Jacket, andRethinking Marxism. She previously co-curated The (New) Reading Series at 21 Grand, and co-edited the Poetic Labor Project. Alli currently edits Dreamboat magazine.","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-29T13:56:23-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-29T13:56:23-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-17T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58088/galley/44252/download/"}]},{"pk":6750,"title":"Review of: Focus on the Language Classroom: An Introduction to Classroom Research for Language Teachers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Review","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bh2377v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Betsy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kreueter","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-27T19:06:01-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-27T19:06:01-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:43:59-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6750/galley/3889/download/"}]},{"pk":6755,"title":"Ethical Issues for Applying Linguistics to Clinical Contexts: The Case of Speech-Language Pathology","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hz0n844","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Heidi","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Hamilton","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:22:21-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:22:21-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:37:19-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6755/galley/3892/download/"}]},{"pk":6759,"title":"Ethical Issues in Applying Linguistics: Afterword","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vb089h5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Braj","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Kachru","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:40:12-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:40:12-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:32:06-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6759/galley/3896/download/"}]},{"pk":6756,"title":"Ethical Considerations in Language Awareness Programs","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4935z108","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Walt","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wolfram","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:25:00-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:25:00-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:29:07-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6756/galley/3893/download/"}]},{"pk":6754,"title":"Ethics, Standards, and Professionalism in Language Testing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mc8z57p","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Stanfield","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:18:30-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:18:30-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:27:02-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[]},{"pk":6757,"title":"Ethical Dilemmas for the Computational Linguist in the Business World","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/50c3q2hr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Heather","middle_name":"","last_name":"McCallum-Bayliss","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:27:57-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:27:57-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:25:32-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6757/galley/3894/download/"}]},{"pk":6753,"title":"Ethical Considerations for Expert Witnesses in Forensic Linguistics","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4529n05d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Edward","middle_name":"","last_name":"Finegan","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:13:48-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:13:48-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:22:08-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6753/galley/3891/download/"}]},{"pk":6758,"title":"The Problem of Solutions: To Cautionary Cases for Applying Conversation Analysis to Business","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N.2","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/112729nt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeff","middle_name":"","last_name":"Connor-Linton","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-05T04:37:31-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-05T04:37:31-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:17:23-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6758/galley/3895/download/"}]},{"pk":6751,"title":"A Comparative Review of Two EST Writing Textbooks by Lawrence Lem","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/26q9q5xh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lawrence","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lem","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-29T03:12:52-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-29T03:12:52-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:11:40-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6751/galley/3890/download/"}]},{"pk":6749,"title":"REVIEW: Immigrant Languages of Europe","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Review of the article Immigrant Languages of Europe an article that was edited by Guus Extra and Ludo Verhoeven.  Published in Multilingual Matters, Ltd. 1993. Page 326.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vz0x932","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Agajeenian","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-26T17:35:51-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-26T17:35:51-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T17:06:20-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6749/galley/3888/download/"}]},{"pk":6748,"title":"In Defense of Connectionism","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12n7d83v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yasuhiro","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shirai","name_suffix":"","institution":"Daito Bunka University, Tokyo, Japan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Foong-Ha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yap","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tai Po Sam Yuk Secondary School, Hong Kong","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-26T17:13:32-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-26T17:13:32-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T16:59:14-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6748/galley/3887/download/"}]},{"pk":6747,"title":"Code-Switching as an Evaluative Device in Bilingual Discourse","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1037r35p","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Helena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Halmari","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-26T17:02:22-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-26T17:02:22-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T16:48:54-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6747/galley/3886/download/"}]},{"pk":6746,"title":"Learning to Understand in Interethnic Communication","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rw3z3sj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Broeder","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tilburg Universtiy","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-26T16:51:01-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-26T16:51:01-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-16T16:47:20-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6746/galley/3885/download/"}]},{"pk":44139,"title":"Exertional Rhabdomyolysis","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tm472d0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yao","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-16T03:16:19-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44139/galley/32942/download/"}]},{"pk":1786,"title":"Comparison of Learning Outcomes for Simulation-based and Traditional Inference Curricula in a Designed Educational Experiment","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Conducting inference is a cornerstone upon which the practice of statistics is based. As such, a large portion of most introductory statistics courses is focused on teaching the fundamentals of statistical inference. The goal of this study is to make a formal comparison of learning outcomes under the traditional and simulation-based inference curricula. A randomized experiment was conducted to administer the two curricula to students in an introductory statistics course. Students of the simulation-based curriculum were found to have improved learning outcomes on topics in statistical inference; however, a clear violation of between-student independence due to group administration of curriculum treatments casts considerable doubt on the statistical significance of these results. A simulation study is used to demonstrate the volatility of Type I error rates in educational studies where classroom level covariance structures exist by comparisons are made on the student level.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"simulation-based inference, statistics education, curriculum comparison"}],"section":"Investigations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wm523b0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Karsten","middle_name":"","last_name":"Maurer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Miami University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Dennis","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lock","name_suffix":"","institution":"Iowa State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-03T18:28:58-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-03T18:28:58-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-12T16:24:15-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/tise/article/1786/galley/1232/download/"}]},{"pk":9565,"title":"Variations in Substance Use Prevalence Estimates and Need for Interventions Among Adult Emergency Department Patients Based on Different Screening Strategies Using the ASSIST","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Among adult emergency department (ED) patients, we sought to examine how estimates of substance use prevalence and the need for interventions can differ, based on the type of screening and assessment strategies employed.\nMethods: \nWe estimated the prevalence of substance use and the need for interventions using the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) in a secondary analysis of data from two cross-sectional studies using random samples of English- or Spanish-speaking 18-64-year-old ED patients. In addition, the test performance characteristics of three simplified screening strategies consisting of selected questions from the ASSIST (lifetime use, past three-month use, and past three-month frequency of use) to identify patients in need of a possible intervention were compared against using the full ASSIST.\nResults: \nOf 6,432 adult ED patients, the median age was 37 years-old, 56.6% were female, and 61.6% were white. Estimated substance use prevalence among this population differed by how it was measured (lifetime use, past three-month use, past three-month frequency of use, or need for interventions). As compared to using the full ASSIST, the predictive value and accuracy to identify patients in need of any intervention was best for a simplified strategy asking about past three-month substance use. A strategy asking about daily/near-daily use was better in identifying patients needing intensive interventions. However, some patients needing interventions were missed when using these simplified strategies.\nConclusion: \nSubstance use prevalence estimates and identification of ED patients needing interventions differ by screening strategies used. EDs should carefully select strategies to identify patients in need of substance use interventions.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Substance use"},{"word":"Smoking"},{"word":"Drug Abuse"},{"word":"Alcohol abuse"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"screening"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47k5k99z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Roland","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Merchant","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rhode Island Hospital\nDepartment of Emergency Medicine\nAlpert Medical School\nBrown University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tao","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University, School of Public Health, Center for Statistical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Providence, Rhode Island","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Janette","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Baird","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University, Alpert Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-08T16:11:10-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-08T16:11:10-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-10T19:53:22-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9565/galley/5330/download/"}]},{"pk":44138,"title":"Treatment-Related AML After Breast Cancer","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8c22m9jf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Evangelia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kirimis","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-10T03:15:29-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44138/galley/32941/download/"}]},{"pk":44137,"title":"Breast Cancer Metastases: When to Biopsy?","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nk4m0dq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Evangelia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kirimis","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-10T03:14:14-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44137/galley/32940/download/"}]},{"pk":44134,"title":"Challenges in the Perioperative Management of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1g38040f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kenneth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liu","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-09T10:57:29-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44134/galley/32937/download/"}]},{"pk":5366,"title":"Animal Communication and Human Language: An overview","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Comparative research has proven to be a fruitful field of study on the ontogenetic and phylogenetic evolution of language, and on the cognitive capacities unique to humans or shared with other animals. The degree of continuity between components of human language and non-human animal communication systems, as well as the existence of a core factor of language, are polemic subjects at present. In this article, we offer an overview of the research on animal communication, comparing the resulting data with the current knowledge on human language development. We try to summarize what is currently known about “language abilities” in multiple animals, and compare those facts to what is known about human language. The aim of the article is to provide an introduction to this particular topic, presenting the different sides of the arguments when possible. A special reference is made to the question of syntactic recursion as the main component of language, allegedly absent among non-human animals. We conclude that the current state of knowledge supports the existence of a certain degree of continuity between different aspects of animal communication and human language, including the syntactic domain.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"animal communication"},{"word":"Language"},{"word":"comparative cognition"},{"word":"syntactic recursion"},{"word":"center-embedded structures."}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3b7977qr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Leonardo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Barón Birchenall","name_suffix":"","institution":"Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LPL UMR 7309, 13100, Aix-en-Provence, France","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-07-06T13:04:51-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-07-06T13:04:51-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-09T10:04:53-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5366/galley/3222/download/"}]},{"pk":4785,"title":"Ba","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The \nba\n was often written with the sign of a saddle-billed stork or a human-headed falcon and translated into modern languages as the “soul.” It counts among key Egyptian religious terms and concepts, since it described one of the individual components or manifestations in the ancient Egyptian view of both human and divine beings. The notion of the \nba\n itself encompassed many different aspects, spanning from the manifestation of divine powers to the impression that one makes on the world. The complexity of this term also reveals important aspects of the nature of and changes within ancient Egyptian religion.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"religion, personhood, funerary, dead"}],"section":"Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tf6x6xp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jíří","middle_name":"","last_name":"Janák","name_suffix":"","institution":"Czech Institute of Egyptology, Charles University in Prague","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-03-29T16:51:23-04:00","date_accepted":"2010-03-29T16:51:23-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-08T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/4785/galley/2692/download/"}]},{"pk":41399,"title":"Keynote Summary: Half a century on huanglongbing: learning about the disease, trying to control it","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"International Research Conference on Huanglongbing (IRCHLB)","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90r31189","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joseph","middle_name":"Marie","last_name":"Bové","name_suffix":"","institution":"INRA and University of Bordeaux, 71, Ave Edouard Bourlaux, 33883 Villenave d’Ornon Cedex, France","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T17:11:45-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T17:11:45-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-06T19:36:22-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/41399/galley/30997/download/"}]},{"pk":5381,"title":"Memories - Stanley \"Stan\" A. Kuczaj, II","subtitle":null,"abstract":"On 14 April 2016, the scientific community lost Dr. Stan Kuczaj, professor at the University of Southern Mississippi and Director of the Marine Mammal Behavior and Cognition Laboratory. He was a beloved teacher, researcher, friend, mentor, and colleague. By age 65, this well-liked, respected professor had achieved world-renowned status in multiple disciplines—comparative psychology, behavioral sciences, and developmental psychology. His tremendous success in these areas resulted in a legacy of more than 50 master’s- and doctoral-level students working in a variety of fields; he also had hundreds of collaborators from around the world. Stan significantly contributed to and influenced the current direction of these fields and had many plans and research projects still to accomplish.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Letters","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6cs7931b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Heather","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Hill","name_suffix":"","institution":"Psychology Department, St. Mary’s University, San Antonio, TX","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-04T13:57:23-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-04T13:57:23-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T21:16:15-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5381/galley/3235/download/"}]},{"pk":5369,"title":"Spatial overshadowing in pigeons: Evidence for an acquisition deficit","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We investigated theoretical accounts of spatial overshadowing using a landmark-based spatial-search task in a touchscreen preparation with pigeons. Pigeons first learned to find a hidden target on a screen using a compound of two visual cues as landmarks. Landmark A was proximal to the target while landmark X was distal to the target. Experiment 1 replicated our prior spatial overshadowing effect whereby landmark A overshadowed the development of spatial control by X. Spatial control by X was also poorer than by landmark Y which had been paired with the target alone but with the same absolute distance to the target as X had. Thus, the poor spatial control by X was not merely due to the greater X-target distance (relative to the A-target distance). Experiments 2a and 2b failed to find recovery from spatial overshadowing of X through either post-training extinction or counterconditioning of overshadowing landmark A, respectively. We interpret our results as being consistent with acquisition-focused models of elementary associative learning, but not with performance-focused models.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"pigeon, spatial learning, overshadowing"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2p1212n7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jared","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wong","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kenneth","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Leising","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas Christian University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Blaisdell","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-07-29T05:39:51-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-07-29T05:39:51-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T20:43:52-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5369/galley/3225/download/"}]},{"pk":9467,"title":"Anticoagulation Reversal and Treatment Strategies in Major Bleeding: Update 2016","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Critical Care","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6cf5q4zd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Steve","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Christos","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Robin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Naples","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-11-17T17:29:53-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-11-17T17:29:53-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9467/galley/5302/download/"}]},{"pk":9577,"title":"Authorship Trends of Emergency Medicine Publications Over the Last Two Decades","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n With the recent merger of the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) a heightened pressure for publication may become evident. Our objective was to determine whether there was a gap in the type of both medical degree designation and advanced degree designation among authorship in three United States-based academic emergency medicine journals.\nMethods:\n We reviewed the Journal of Emergency Medicine, Academic Emergency Medicine and Annals of Emergency Medicine for the type of degree designation that the first and senior authors had obtained for the years 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2014.\nResults:\n A total of 2.48% of all authors held a degree in osteopathic medicine. Osteopathic physician first authors contributed to 3.26% of all publications while osteopathic physician senior authors contributed 1.53%. No statistical trend could be established for the years studied for osteopathic physicians. However, we noted an overall trend for increased publication for allopathic senior authors (p=0.001), allopathic first authors with a dual degree (p=0.003) and allopathic senior authors with a dual degree (p=0.005). For each journal studied, no statistical trend could be established for osteopathic first or senior authors but a trend was noted for allopathic first and senior authors in the Journal of Emergency Medicine (p-value=0.020 and 0.006). Of those with dual degrees, osteopathic physicians were in the minority with 1.85% of osteopathic first authors and 0.60% of osteopathic senior authors attaining a dual degree. No statistical trend could be established for increased dual degree publications for osteopathic physicians over the study period, nor could a statistical trend be established for any of the journals studied.\nConclusion:\n Very few osteopathic physicians have published in the Journal of Emergency Medicine, Academic Emergency Medicine or Annals of Emergency Medicine over the last two decades. Despite a trend for increased publication by allopathic physicians in certain journals, there appears to be no trend for increased publication of osteopathic physicians in emergency medicine.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Population Health Research Design","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90b948bt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lammers","name_suffix":"","institution":"Duke Lifepoint Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Johnstown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Simunich","name_suffix":"","institution":"Duke Lifepoint Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Department of Research, Johnstown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ashurst","name_suffix":"","institution":"Duke Lifepoint Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Johnstown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-15T11:57:48-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-15T11:57:48-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9577/galley/5334/download/"}]},{"pk":9572,"title":"Impact of Doximity Residency Rankings on Emergency Medicine Applicant Rank Lists","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n This study investigates the impact of the Doximity rankings on the rank list choices made by residency applicants in emergency medicine (EM).\nMethods:\n We sent an 11-item survey by email to all students who applied to EM residency programs at four different institutions representing diverse geographical regions. Students were asked questions about their perception of Doximity rankings and how it may have impacted their rank list decisions.\nResults:\n Response rate was 58% of 1,372 opened electronic surveys. This study found that a majority of medical students applying to residency in EM were aware of the Doximity rankings prior to submitting rank lists (67%). One-quarter of these applicants changed the number of programs and ranks of those programs when completing their rank list based on the Doximity rankings (26%). Though the absolute number of programs changed on the rank lists was small, the results demonstrate that the EM Doximity rankings impact applicant decision-making in ranking residency programs.\nConclusion: \nWhile applicants do not find the Doximity rankings to be important compared to other factors in the application process, the Doximity rankings result in a small change in residency applicant ranking behavior. This unvalidated ranking, based principally on reputational data rather than objective outcome criteria, thus has the potential to be detrimental to students, programs, and the public. We feel it important for specialties to develop consensus around measurable training outcomes and provide freely accessible metrics for candidate education.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Education, Doximity, Match Day Rankings"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9462r4cj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Peterson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Laura","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Hopson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sorabh","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khandelwal","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"White","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Fiona","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Gallahue","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Washington, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burkhardt","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Aimee","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Rolston","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sally","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Santen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-12T20:52:03-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-12T20:52:03-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9572/galley/5331/download/"}]},{"pk":9635,"title":"Introducing a Fresh Cadaver Model for Ultrasound-guided Central Venous Access Training in Undergraduate Medical Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nOver the past decade, medical students have witnessed a decline in the opportunities to perform technical skills during their clinical years. Ultrasound-guided central venous access (USG-CVA) is a critical procedure commonly performed by emergency medicine, anesthesia, and general surgery residents, often during their first month of residency. However, the acquisition of skills required to safely perform this procedure is often deficient upon graduation from medical school. To ameliorate this lack of technical proficiency, ultrasound simulation models have been introduced into undergraduate medical education to train venous access skills. Criticisms of simulation models are the innate lack of realistic tactile qualities, as well as the lack of anatomical variances when compared to living patients. The purpose of our investigation was to design and evaluate a life-like and reproducible training model for USG-CVA using a fresh cadaver.\nMethods:\n This was a cross-sectional study at an urban academic medical center. An 18-point procedural knowledge tool and an 18-point procedural skill evaluation tool were administered during a cadaver lab at the beginning and end of the surgical clerkship. During the fresh cadaver lab, procedure naïve third-year medical students were trained on how to perform ultrasound-guided central venous access of the femoral and internal jugular vessels. Preparation of the fresh cadaver model involved placement of a thin-walled latex tubing in the anatomic location of the femoral and internal jugular vein respectively.\nResults: \nFifty-six third-year medical students participated in this study during their surgical clerkship. The fresh cadaver model provided high quality and lifelike ultrasound images despite numerous cannulation attempts. Technical skill scores improved from an average score of 3 to 12 (p<0.001) and procedural knowledge scores improved from an average score of 4 to 8 (p<0.001).\nConclusion: \nThe use of this novel cadaver model prevented extravasation of fluid, maintained ultrasound-imaging quality, and proved to be an effective educational model allowing third-year medical students to improve and maintain their technical skills.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ultrasound, Education, Cadaver, Ultrasound-guidance"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pj9j162","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"","last_name":"Amini","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Hang","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ho","name_suffix":"","institution":"College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Vivienne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ng","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tran","name_suffix":"","institution":"College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Douglas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rappaport","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"J.A.","last_name":"Rappaport","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dunleavy","name_suffix":"","institution":"College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Viscusi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Miller","name_suffix":"","institution":"College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stewart","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Dandorf","name_suffix":"","institution":"College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-02-16T01:56:57-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-02-16T01:56:57-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9635/galley/5355/download/"}]},{"pk":9362,"title":"Out-of-Hospital Surgical Airway Management: Does Scope of Practice Equal Actual Practice?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nPennsylvania, among other states, includes surgical airway management, or cricothyrotomy, within the paramedic scope of practice. However, there is scant literature that evaluates paramedic perception of clinical competency in cricothyrotomy. The goal of this project is to assess clinical exposure, education and self-perceived competency of ground paramedics in cricothyrotomy.\nMethods:\n Eighty-six paramedics employed by four ground emergency medical services agencies completed a 22-question written survey that assessed surgical airway attempts, training, skills verification, and perceptions about procedural competency. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate responses.\nResults:\n Only 20% (17/86, 95% CI [11-28%]) of paramedics had attempted cricothyrotomy, most (13/17 or 76%, 95% CI [53-90%]) of whom had greater than 10 years experience. Most subjects (63/86 or 73%, 95% CI [64-82%]) did not reply that they are well-trained to perform cricothyrotomy and less than half (34/86 or 40%, 95% CI [30-50%]) felt they could correctly perform cricothyrotomy on their first attempt. Among subjects with five or more years of experience, 39/70 (56%, 95% CI [44-68%]) reported 0-1 hours per year of practical cricothyrotomy training within the last five years. Half of the subjects who were able to recall (40/80, 50% 95% CI [39-61%]) reported having proficiency verification for cricothyrotomy within the past five years.\nConclusion: \nParamedics surveyed indicated that cricothyrotomy is rarely performed, even among those with years of experience. Many paramedics felt that their training in this area is inadequate and did not feel confident to perform the procedure. Further study to determine whether to modify paramedic scope of practice and/or to develop improved educational and testing methods is warranted.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Airway management, Emergency Medical Services, paramedics"}],"section":"Emergency Medical Services","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5694r62q","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Molly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Furin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Albert Einstein Healthcare Network","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kohn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Overberger","name_suffix":"","institution":"Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jaslow","name_suffix":"","institution":"Philadelphia University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-09-21T13:01:53-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-09-21T13:01:53-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9362/galley/5270/download/"}]},{"pk":9559,"title":"Prospective Validation of Modified NEXUS Cervical Spine Injury Criteria in Low-risk Elderly Fall Patients","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n The National Emergency X-radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS) criteria are used extensively in emergency departments to rule out C-spine injuries (CSI) in the general population. Although the NEXUS validation set included 2,943 elderly patients, multiple case reports and the Canadian C-Spine Rules question the validity of applying NEXUS to geriatric populations. The objective of this study was to validate a modified NEXUS criteria in a low-risk elderly fall population with two changes: a modified definition for distracting injury and the definition of normal mentation.\nMethods: \nThis is a prospective, observational cohort study of geriatric fall patients who presented to a Level I trauma center and were not triaged to the trauma bay. Providers enrolled non-intoxicated patients at baseline mental status with no lateralizing neurologic deficits. They recorded midline neck tenderness, signs of trauma, and presence of other distracting injury.\nResults: \nWe enrolled 800 patients. One patient fall event was excluded due to duplicate enrollment, and four were lost to follow up, leaving 795 for analysis. Average age was 83.6 (range 65-101). The numbers in parenthesis after the negative predictive value represent confidence interval. There were 11 (1.4%) cervical spine injuries. One hundred seventeen patients had midline tenderness and seven of these had CSI; 366 patients had signs of trauma to the face/neck, and 10 of these patients had CSI. Using signs of trauma to the head/neck as the only distracting injury and baseline mental status as normal alertness, the modified NEXUS criteria was 100% sensitive (CI [67.9-100]) with a negative predictive value of 100 (98.7-100).\nConclusion: \nOur study suggests that a modified NEXUS criteria can be safely applied to low-risk elderly falls.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"geriatric trauma, NEXUS, cervical spine imaging"}],"section":"Treatment Protocol Assessment","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mz4h5tk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tran","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Luke’s University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Donald","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jeanmonod","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Luke’s University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Darin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Agresti","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Luke’s University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Khalief","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hamden","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Jeanmonod","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Luke’s University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-05T06:49:43-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-05T06:49:43-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9559/galley/5326/download/"}]},{"pk":9294,"title":"Survey of Individual and Institutional Risk Associated with the Use of Social Media","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Residents and faculty in emergency medicine (EM) residency programs might be unaware of the professional and legal risks associated with the use of social media (SM). The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the types and reported incidence of unprofessional SM behavior by EM residents, faculty, and nurses and the concomitant personal and institutional risks.\nMethods:\n This multi-site study used an 18-question survey tool that was distributed electronically to the leaders of multiple EM residency programs, members of the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors (CORD), and the residents of 14 EM programs during the study period May to June 2013.\nResults:\n We received 1,314 responses: 772 from residents and 542 from faculty. Both groups reported encountering high-risk-to-professionalism events (HRTPE) related to SM use by residents and non-resident providers (NRPs), i.e., faculty members and nurses. Residents reported posting of one of the following by a resident peer or nursing colleague: identifiable patient information (26%); or a radiograph, clinical picture or other image (52%). Residents reported posting of images of intoxicated colleagues (84%), inappropriate photographs (66%), and inappropriate posts (73%). Program directors (PDs) reported posting one of the following by NRPs and residents respectively: identifiable patient information (46% and 45%); a radiograph, clinical picture or other image (63% and 58%). PDs reported that NRPs and residents posted images of intoxicated colleagues (64% and 57%), inappropriate photographs (63% and 57%), or inappropriate posts (76% and 67%). The directors also reported that they were aware of or issued reprimands or terminations at least once a year (30% NRPs and 22% residents). Residents were more likely to post photos of their resident peers or nursing colleagues in an intoxicated state than were NRPs (p=0.0004). NRPs were more likely to post inappropriate content (p=0.04) and identifiable patient information (p=0.0004) than were residents.\nConclusion:\n EM residents and faculty members cause and encounter HRTPE frequently while using SM; these events present significant risks to the individuals responsible and their associated institution. Awareness of these risks should prompt responsible SM use and consideration of CORD’s Social Media Task Force recommendations.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"social media"},{"word":"institutional risk"},{"word":"Residency Education"},{"word":"Medical Education"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0760h2kf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Manish","middle_name":"","last_name":"Garg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Temple University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Pearson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Bond","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Runyon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina","department":"None"},{"first_name":"M.","middle_name":"Tyson","last_name":"Pillow","name_suffix":"","institution":"Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Laura","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hopson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Cooney","name_suffix":"","institution":"Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Johnstown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jay","middle_name":"","last_name":"Khadpe","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"Nomura","name_suffix":"","institution":"Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Pholaphat","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Inboriboon","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Missouri-Kansas City, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-11-26T07:24:31-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-11-26T07:24:31-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9294/galley/5246/download/"}]},{"pk":9586,"title":"Ten Tips for Engaging the Millennial Learner and Moving an Emergency Medicine Residency Curriculum into the 21st Century","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Millennial learners are changing the face of residency education because they place emphasis on technology with new styles and means of learning. While research on the most effective way to teach the millennial learner is lacking, programs should consider incorporating educational theories and multimedia design principles to update the curriculum for these new learners. The purpose of the study is to discuss strategies for updating an emergency medicine (EM) residency program’s curriculum to accommodate the modern learner.\nDiscussion: \nThese 10 tips provide detailed examples and approaches to incorporate technology and learning theories into an EM curriculum to potentially enhance learning and engagement by residents.\nConclusion: \nWhile it is unclear whether technologies actually promote or enhance learning, millennials use these technologies. Identifying best practice, grounded by theory and active learning principles, may help learners receive quality, high-yield education. Future studies will need to evaluate the efficacy of these techniques to fully delineate best practices.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Emergency Medicine, Residency Education, educational theory"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0h44p3wx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shannon","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Toohey","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wray","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Warren","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wiechmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michelle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lin","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Boysen-Osborn","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-21T18:11:09-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-21T18:11:09-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-05T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9586/galley/5338/download/"}]},{"pk":44133,"title":"A 21-Year-Old with a Positive Troponin","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76g3t8xf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Minisha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kochar","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Michelle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sangalang","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-04T10:56:41-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44133/galley/32936/download/"}]},{"pk":44132,"title":"The Tipping Point: A Case of New-Onset Primary Hyperparathyroidism in the Hospital","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fm6h85v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Chandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Keebler","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leonard","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-05-04T10:55:56-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44132/galley/32935/download/"}]},{"pk":9561,"title":"Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) 2002-15: Review of Office of Inspector General Patient Dumping Settlements","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) of 1986 was enacted to prevent hospitals from “dumping” or refusing service to patients for financial reasons. The statute prohibits discrimination of emergency department (ED) patients for any reason. The Office of the Inspector General (OIG) of the Department of Health and Human Services enforces the statute. The objective of this study is to determine the scope, cost, frequency and most common allegations leading to monetary settlement against hospitals and physicians for patient dumping.\nMethods:\n Review of OIG investigation archives in May 2015, including cases settled from 2002-2015 (https://oig.hhs.gov/fraud/enforcement/cmp/patient_dumping.asp).\nResults:\n There were 192 settlements (14 per year average for 4000+ hospitals in the USA). Fines against hospitals and physicians totaled $6,357,000 (averages $33,435 and $25,625 respectively); 184/192 (95.8%, $6,152,000) settlements were against hospitals and eight against physicians ($205,000). Most common settlements were for failing to screen 144/192 (75%) and stabilize 82/192 (42.7%) for emergency medical conditions (EMC). There were 22 (11.5%) cases of inappropriate transfer and 22 (11.5%) more where the hospital failed to transfer. Hospitals failed to accept an appropriate transfer in 25 (13.0%) cases. Patients were turned away from hospitals for insurance/financial status in 30 (15.6%) cases. There were 13 (6.8%) violations for patients in active labor. In 12 (6.3%) cases, the on-call physician refused to see the patient, and in 28 (14.6%) cases the patient was inappropriately discharged. Although loss of Medicare/Medicaid funding is an additional possible penalty, there were no disclosures of exclusion of hospitals from federal funding. There were 6,035 CMS investigations during this time period, with 2,436 found to have merit as EMTALA violations (40.4%). However, only 192/6,035 (3.2%) actually resulted in OIG settlements. The proportion of CMS-certified EMTALA violations that resulted in OIG settlements was 7.9% (192/2,436).\nConclusion: \nOf 192 hospital and physician settlements with the OIG from 2002-15, most were for failing to provide screening (75%) and stabilization (42%) to patients with EMCs. The reason for patient “dumping” was due to insurance or financial status in 15.6% of settlements. The vast majority of penalties were to hospitals (95% of cases and 97% of payments). Forty percent of investigations found EMTALA violations, but only 3% of investigations triggered fines.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Societal Impact on Emergency Care","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zm146d0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nadia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zuabi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Larry","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Weiss","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mark","middle_name":"I.","last_name":"Langdorf","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-05T16:48:07-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-05T16:48:07-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-04T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9561/galley/5327/download/"}]},{"pk":9527,"title":"Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis, an Underappreciated Disease in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) Encephalitis is a novel disease discovered within the past 10 years. Antibodies directed at the NMDAR cause the patient to develop a characteristic syndrome of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patients go on to develop autonomic dysregulation and often have prolonged hospitalizations and intensive care unit stays. There is little literature in the emergency medicine community regarding this disease process, so we report on a case we encountered in our emergency department to help raise awareness of this disease process.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Emergency Medicine, Encephalitis"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3272h521","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Lasoff","name_suffix":"","institution":"VA Medical Center, San Diego, California; UCSD Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, San Diego, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jimmy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Corbett-Detig","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sell","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, San Diego, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nolan","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Gabriel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wardi","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, San Diego, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-12-16T10:54:00-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-12-16T10:54:00-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9527/galley/5319/download/"}]},{"pk":9556,"title":"A Quality Improvement Initiative to Decrease Variability of Emergency Physician Opioid Analgesic Prescribing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Addressing pain is a crucial aspect of emergency medicine. Prescription opioids are commonly prescribed for moderate to severe pain in the emergency department (ED); unfortunately, prescribing practices are variable. High variability of opioid prescribing decisions suggests a lack of consensus and an opportunity to improve care. This quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed to reduce variability in ED opioid analgesic prescribing.\nMethods: \nWe evaluated the impact of a three-part QI initiative on ED opioid prescribing by physicians at seven sites. Stage 1: Retrospective baseline period (nine months). Stage 2: Physicians were informed that opioid prescribing information would be prospectively collected and feedback on their prescribing and that of the group would be shared at the end of the stage (three months). Stage 3: After physicians received their individual opioid prescribing data with blinded comparison to the group means (from Stage 2) they were informed that individual prescribing data would be unblinded and shared with the group after three months. The primary outcome was variability of the standard error of the mean and standard deviation of the opioid prescribing rate (defined as number of patients discharged with an opioid divided by total number of discharges for each provider). Secondary observations included mean quantity of pills per opioid prescription, and overall frequency of opioid prescribing.\nResults: \nThe study group included 47 physicians with 149,884 ED patient encounters. The variability in prescribing decreased through each stage of the initiative as represented by the distributions for the opioid prescribing rate: Stage 1 mean 20%; Stage 2 mean 13% (46% reduction, p<0.01), and Stage 3 mean 8% (60% reduction, p<0.01). The mean quantity of pills prescribed per prescription was 16 pills in Stage 1, 14 pills in Stage 2 (18% reduction, p<0.01), and 13 pills in Stage 3 (18% reduction, p<0.01). The group mean prescribing rate also decreased through each stage: 20% in Stage 1, 13% in Stage 2 (46% reduction, p<0.01), and 8% in Stage 3 (60% reduction, p<0.01).\nConclusion: \nED physician opioid prescribing variability can be decreased through the systematic application of sharing of peer prescribing rates and prescriber specific normative feedback.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"opioid prescribing, quality improvement"}],"section":"Practice Variability","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43h037xk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"H.","last_name":"Burton","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carilion Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Hoppe","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Denver, Colorado","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jeff","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Echternach","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carilion Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Justin","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Rodgers","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carilion Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Donato","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carilion Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-04T12:17:57-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-04T12:17:57-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9556/galley/5325/download/"}]},{"pk":65232,"title":"Barriers and Opportunities Faced by Undocumented Students","subtitle":null,"abstract":"included in article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pn8c5mx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Luz","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sandoval","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Maria","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ayala-Rodriguez","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T15:41:59-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T15:41:59-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65232/galley/49990/download/"}]},{"pk":65241,"title":"Can Tissue Regeneration in Gingival Recession Help Prevent Oral Health Diseases in Developing Countries?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in the article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8746k48t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Natalia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bargouth","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T18:05:54-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T18:05:54-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65241/galley/49998/download/"}]},{"pk":9432,"title":"Emergency Medicine Resident Perceptions of Medical Professionalism","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Medical professionalism is a core competency for emergency medicine (EM) trainees; but defining professionalism remains challenging, leading to difficulties creating objectives and performing assessment. Because professionalism is dynamic, culture-specific, and often taught by modeling, an exploration of trainees’ perceptions can highlight their educational baseline and elucidate the importance they place on general conventional professionalism domains. To this end, our objective was to assess the relative value EM residents place on traditional components of professionalism.\nMethods: \nWe performed a cross-sectional, multi-institutional survey of incoming and graduating EM residents at four programs. The survey was developed using the American Board of Internal Medicine’s “Project Professionalism” and the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education definition of professionalism competency. We identified 27 attributes within seven domains: clinical excellence, humanism, accountability, altruism, duty and service, honor and integrity, and respect for others. Residents were asked to rate each attribute on a 10-point scale. We analyzed data to assess variance across attributes as well as differences between residents at different training levels or different institutions.\nResults: \nOf the 114 residents eligible, 100 (88%) completed the survey. The relative value assigned to different professional attributes varied considerably, with those in the altruism domain valued significantly lower and those in the “respect for others” and “honor and integrity” valued significantly higher (p<0.001). Significant differences were found between interns and seniors for five attributes primarily in the “duty and service” domain (p<0.05). Among different residencies, significant differences were found with attributes within the “altruism” and “duty and service” domains (p<0.05).\nConclusion: \nResidents perceive differences in the relative importance of traditionally defined professional attributes and this may be useful to educators. Explanations for these differences are hypothesized, as are the potential implications for professionalism education. Because teaching professional behavior is taught most effectively via behavior modeling, faculty awareness of resident values and faculty development to address potential gaps may improve professionalism education.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"Graduate Medical Education"},{"word":"Professionalism"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sq4x3tc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jauregui","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Washington, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Medley","middle_name":"O.","last_name":"Gatewood","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Washington, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jonathan","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Ilgen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Washington, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Caitlin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schaninger","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cincinnati, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jared","middle_name":"","last_name":"Strote","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cincinnati, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-30T13:27:07-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-30T13:27:07-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9432/galley/5293/download/"}]},{"pk":65236,"title":"Exposure to Organophosphates Through Agricultural Work in theSan Joaquin Valley: Poison at Low Dose over an Extended Period of Time","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8310h3dv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Arellano","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T16:04:50-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T16:04:50-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65236/galley/49993/download/"}]},{"pk":65231,"title":"Gender, Sexuality, and Inter-Generational Differences in Hmong and Hmong Americans","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/29q2t238","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Layla","middle_name":"","last_name":"Abidia","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T15:36:54-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T15:36:54-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65231/galley/49989/download/"}]},{"pk":65238,"title":"“How Death and Mourning in Online  Communities Mimics the Mourning Rituals of Reality\"","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in the article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9v27w7nt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shaw","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T16:18:10-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T16:18:10-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65238/galley/49995/download/"}]},{"pk":65235,"title":"I Heart Sex","subtitle":null,"abstract":"provided in article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n42g2cs","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Pawanpreet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kaur","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T16:01:13-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T16:01:13-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65235/galley/49992/download/"}]},{"pk":65239,"title":"Irish Literature as means to Combat England's Colonial Influence in Ireland","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in the article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qk5g5b1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Manivone","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sayosone","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T16:24:09-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T16:24:09-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65239/galley/49996/download/"}]},{"pk":65234,"title":"Is Mental Health First Aid an Effective Intervention in Adolescents; for recognizing mental disorders? A Review of the Literature","subtitle":null,"abstract":"provided in article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"mental health first aid, adolescents, mental health literacy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9g11j19j","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Natalia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Quiniola","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T15:52:30-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T15:52:30-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65234/galley/49991/download/"}]},{"pk":65228,"title":"Novel Medical Treatment using known Vaccines and further Investigation to Research a Cure for:Herpes Simplex Virus – Type 2","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Viruses were first discovered in the 18th century, but many aspects of viruses are still questionable, such as the way some viruses replicate, infect or reproduce. Overtime,the scientific community has been able to demystify the virus by first describing its structure, the various types of viruses present in the environment and eventually discovering vaccines. Albeit this research, there are still many incurable viral infections, many of which are sexually transmitted. One such sexually transmitted infection is Herpes Simplex Virus, Type 2. The Herpes Simplex Virus is a highly contagious virus that is passed on from one person to another via direct contact, i.e. sexual contact with multiple partners, having another sexually transmitted infection (STI) or a weakened immune system. Once contracted, the HSV-2 will always live in an infected individual’s nerve cells, and can cause regular outbreaks of symptoms in the genital areas. There are a few medications that can possibly be used in order to control the spread of the virus, but none that can diminish or eliminate the virus completely overtime. Thus, in order to design a vaccine that can potentially cure the virus is the primary goal. This paper defines the various techniques previously used in order to diagnose and treat the virus, and goes on to further explain by giving experimental techniques of how those methods can be applied together to research a possible cure for HSV-2.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vg63656","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jaskanwaljeet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kaur","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T14:54:27-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T14:54:27-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65228/galley/49986/download/"}]},{"pk":9599,"title":"Point-of-Care Ultrasound Diagnosis of Left-Sided Endocarditis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ultrasound, Emergency Medicine"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0h24g3jt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Bugg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kristin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Berona","name_suffix":"","institution":"Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-30T13:08:21-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-30T13:08:21-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9599/galley/5344/download/"}]},{"pk":65243,"title":"“Redefining Western Culture-Bound Syndromes: The Classification of Anorexia Nervosa”","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in the article","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5095b8t0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jasmine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yslas","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T18:38:23-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T18:38:23-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65243/galley/50000/download/"}]},{"pk":65230,"title":"Red, Rank, and Romance in Women viewing Men","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Attraction, Color, Red, Perception, Attractiveness, First Impression"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b60s9dw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kristina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Haran","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Savanna","middle_name":"Grace","last_name":"Briggs","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T15:28:28-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T15:28:28-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65230/galley/49988/download/"}]},{"pk":65237,"title":"Stress, Coping,and The Hispanic Paradox: How cultural coping may lead to Hispanic Health Advantages","subtitle":null,"abstract":"provided in the article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"stress, coping, Hispanic, Paradox, health disparities, socioeconomic status, acculturation"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08407320","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Seth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Silva","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T16:13:22-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T16:13:22-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65237/galley/49994/download/"}]},{"pk":65227,"title":"The Effectiveness of Phototherapy in working with Adolescents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Photography is more than just an art form; it can also be used in counseling methods when working with patients. When photography is coupled with therapy, the method is widely known as phototherapy. This literature review assesses the effectiveness of phototherapy through past research. Specifically, the literature review examines how intervention methods serve an adolescent population and whether or not these methods are still effective in the 21st century. At a time when digital media has become an integral part of society, especially in adolescent culture, the research in this field is evermore important. This literature review breaks down how effective phototherapy has been when working with adolescents through examining its relationship to the youth, the population it serves, the methodologies of the study, and the future direction of the field.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3075b4tk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jones","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T14:47:16-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T14:47:16-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65227/galley/49985/download/"}]},{"pk":65240,"title":"The Epidemiology of Poliomyelitis Deconstructed","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in the article","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vv8m6fb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sumeet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bhardwaj","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T18:01:29-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T18:01:29-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65240/galley/49997/download/"}]},{"pk":65242,"title":"\"The Power of the Sun Gods”: Future of Solar Energy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Provided in the article.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14g7p4b1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Javier","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chaname","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T18:23:03-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T18:23:03-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65242/galley/49999/download/"}]},{"pk":9476,"title":"Undertriage of Trauma-Related Deaths in U.S. Emergency Departments","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Accurate field triage of critically injured patients to trauma centers is vital for improving survival. We sought to estimate the national degree of undertriage of trauma patients who die in emergency departments (EDs) by evaluating the frequency and characteristics associated with triage to non-trauma centers.\nMethods:\n This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of adult ED trauma deaths in the 2010 National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). The primary outcome was appropriate triage to a trauma center (Level I, II or III) or undertriage to a non-trauma center. We subsequently focused on urban areas given improved access to trauma centers. We evaluated the associations of patient demographics, hospital region and mechanism of injury with triage to a trauma versus non-trauma center using multivariable logistic regression.\nResults:\n We analyzed 3,971 included visits, representing 18,464 adult ED trauma-related deaths nationally. Of all trauma deaths, nearly half (44.5%, 95%CI [43.0-46.0]) of patients were triaged to non-trauma centers. In a subgroup analysis, over a third of urban ED visits (35.6%, 95% CI [34.1-37.1]) and most rural ED visits (86.4%, 95% CI [81.5-90.1]) were triaged to non-trauma centers. In urban EDs, female patients were less likely to be triaged to trauma centers versus non-trauma centers (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.83, 95% CI [0.70-0.99]). Highest median household income zip codes (≥$67,000) were less likely to be triaged to trauma centers than lowest median income ($1-40,999) (OR 0.54, 95% CI [0.43-0.69]). Compared to motor vehicle trauma, firearm trauma had similar odds of being triaged to a trauma center (OR 0.90, 95%CI [0.71-1.14]); however, falls were less likely to be triaged to a trauma center (OR 0.50, 95%CI [0.38-0.66]).\nConclusion:\n We found that nearly half of all trauma patients nationally and one-third of urban trauma patients, who died in the ED, were triaged to non-trauma centers, and thus undertriaged. Sex and other demographic disparities associated with this triage decision represent targeted opportunities to improve our trauma systems and reduce undertriage.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"undertriage, trauma, emergency medicine, death, national"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8114r9w3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jenelle","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Holst","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver, Colorado","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Perman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Roberta","middle_name":"","last_name":"Capp","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Haukoos","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denver, Colorado","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Adit","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Ginde","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aurora, Colorado","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-11-19T23:38:02-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-11-19T23:38:02-05:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9476/galley/5304/download/"}]},{"pk":65226,"title":"What differences arise between European American and African and American women when it comes to sexual assault?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Research surrounding sexual assault is abundant, but a majority of the research focuses on European American women, leaving out the unique experiences of many other ethnic groups. This literature review examines some of the research that has been done on sexual assault that focuses on of African American women, who experience sexual violence in different ways. Looking at four (4) aspects of sexual assault (types of harassment; leaving relationships; health effects; coping) this review examines the differences that arise within these relationships when African American women are involved. The examination of research suggests that there may be a need for better methods of reporting for these women, along with the completion of sexual assault studies within other ethnic groups, since there is such a vast difference between European and African American women.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Keywords: African American women, sexual assault, recovery, coping"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m44g27x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alyssa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Young","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2016-05-02T14:38:25-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-05-02T14:38:25-04:00","date_published":"2016-05-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65226/galley/49984/download/"}]},{"pk":9499,"title":"Gender Differences in Emergency Department Visits and Detox Referrals for Illicit and Nonmedical Use of Opioids","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Visits to the emergency department (ED) for use of illicit drugs and opioids have increased in the past decade. In the ED, little is known about how gender may play a role in drug-related visits and referrals to treatment. This study performs gender-based comparison analyses of drug-related ED visits nationwide.\nMethods:\n We performed a cross-sectional analysis with data collected from 2004 to 2011 by the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN). All data were coded to capture major drug categories and opioids. We used logistic regression models to find associations between gender and odds of referral to treatment programs. A second set of models were controlled for patient “seeking detox,” or patient explicitly requesting for detox referral.\nResults:\n Of the 27.9 million ED visits related to druguse in the DAWN database, visits by men were 2.69 times more likely to involve illicit drugs than visits by women (95% CI [2.56, 2.80]). Men were more likely than women to be referred to detox programs for any illicit drugs (OR 1.12, 95% CI [1.02-1.22]), for each of the major illicit drugs (e.g., cocaine: OR 1.27, 95% CI [1.15-1.40]), and for prescription opioids (OR 1.30, 95% CI [1.17-1.43]). This significant association prevailed after controlling for “seeking detox.”\nConclusion: \nWomen are less likely to receive referrals to detox programs than men when presenting to the ED regardless of whether they are “seeking detox.” Future research may help determine the cause for this gender-based difference and its significance for healthcare costs and health outcomes.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"gender"},{"word":"drug use"},{"word":"Detoxification"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ck3k1rw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hyeon-Ju","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ryoo","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Esther","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Choo","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-12-03T21:08:35-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-12-03T21:08:35-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-28T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9499/galley/5309/download/"}]},{"pk":44131,"title":"Gallbladder Agenesis","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3db32352","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Munsell","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-27T10:54:01-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44131/galley/32934/download/"}]},{"pk":44130,"title":"Outpatient Management of Patients with Somatic Symptoms","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kw7z46k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Logan","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Gopi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Manthripragada","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-26T10:53:14-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44130/galley/32933/download/"}]},{"pk":9523,"title":"Academic Emergency Medicine Physicians’ Knowledge of Mechanical Ventilation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Although emergency physicians frequently intubate patients, management of mechanical ventilation has not been emphasized in emergency medicine (EM) education or clinical practice. The objective of this study was to quantify EM attendings’ education, experience, and knowledge regarding mechanical ventilation in the emergency department.\nMethods:\n We developed a survey of academic EM attendings’ educational experiences with ventilators and a knowledge assessment tool with nine clinical questions. EM attendings at key teaching hospitals for seven EM residency training programs in the northeastern United States were invited to participate in this survey study. We performed correlation and regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between attendings’ scores on the assessment instrument and their training, education, and comfort with ventilation. \nResults:\n Of 394 EM attendings surveyed, 211 responded (53.6%). Of respondents, 74.5% reported receiving three or fewer hours of ventilation-related education from EM sources over the past year and 98 (46%) reported receiving between 0-1 hour of education. The overall correct response rate for the assessment tool was 73.4%, with a standard deviation of 19.9. The factors associated with a higher score were completion of an EM residency, prior emphasis on mechanical ventilation during one’s own residency, working in a setting where an emergency physician bears primary responsibility for ventilator management, and level of comfort with managing ventilated patients. Physicians’ comfort was associated with the frequency of ventilator changes and EM management of ventilation, as well as hours of education.\nConclusion:\n EM attendings report caring for mechanically ventilated patients frequently, but most receive fewer than three educational hours a year on mechanical ventilation, and nearly half receive 0-1 hour. Physicians’ performance on an assessment tool for mechanical ventilation is most strongly correlated with their self-reported comfort with mechanical ventilation.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Mechanical Ventilation, Critical Care, Education"}],"section":"Critical Care","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sp065n6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Wilcox","name_suffix":"","institution":"Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tania","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Strout","name_suffix":"","institution":"Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Maine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"I.","last_name":"Schneider","name_suffix":"","institution":"Boston Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Patricia","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Mitchell","name_suffix":"","institution":"Boston Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jessica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Lucienne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lutfy-Clayton","name_suffix":"","institution":"Baystate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Evie","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Marcolini","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Departments of Emergency Medicine and Neurology, Divisions of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology and Surgical Critical Care, New Haven, Connecticut","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ani","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aydin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Todd","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Seigel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Kaiser Permanente East Bay, Oakland and Richmond Medical Centers, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jeremy","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Richards","name_suffix":"","institution":"Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-12-15T09:01:29-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-12-15T09:01:29-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9523/galley/5317/download/"}]},{"pk":9456,"title":"ACE-I Angioedema: Accurate Clinical Diagnosis May Prevent Epinephrine-Induced Harm","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Upper airway angioedema is a life-threatening emergency department (ED) presentation with increasing incidence. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor induced angioedema (AAE) is a non-mast cell mediated etiology of angioedema. Accurate diagnosis by clinical examination can optimize patient management and reduce morbidity from inappropriate treatment with epinephrine. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of angioedema subtypes and the management of AAE. We evaluate the appropriateness of treatments and highlight preventable iatrogenic morbidity.\nMethods:\n We conducted a retrospective chart review of consecutive angioedema patients presenting to two tertiary care EDs between July 2007 and March 2012.\nResults:\n Of 1,702 medical records screened, 527 were included. The cause of angioedema was identified in 48.8% (n=257) of cases. The most common identifiable etiology was AAE (33.1%, n=85), with a 60.0% male predominance. The most common AAE management strategies included diphenhydramine (63.5%, n=54), corticosteroids (50.6%, n=43) and ranitidine (31.8%, n=27). Epinephrine was administered in 21.2% (n=18) of AAE patients, five of whom received repeated doses. Four AAE patients required admission (4.7%) and one required endotracheal intubation. Epinephrine induced morbidity in two patients, causing myocardial ischemia or dysrhythmia shortly after administration.\nConclusion:\n AAE is the most common identifiable etiology of angioedema and can be accurately diagnosed by physical examination. It is easily confused with anaphylaxis and mismanaged with antihistamines, corticosteroids and epinephrine. There is little physiologic rationale for epinephrine use in AAE and much risk. Improved clinical differentiation of mast cell and non-mast cell mediated angioedema can optimize patient management.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"angioedema, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, epinephrine"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7h02b36x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"R. Mason","middle_name":"","last_name":"Curtis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Western University, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada; Queen’s University, Departments of Emergency Medicine and Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Felder","name_suffix":"","institution":"Queen’s University, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rozita","middle_name":"","last_name":"Borici-Mazi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Queen’s University, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ball","name_suffix":"","institution":"Queen’s University, Departments of Emergency Medicine and Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Queen’s University, Program in Critical Care Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Division of Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-11-11T11:50:11-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-11-11T11:50:11-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9456/galley/5296/download/"}]},{"pk":9525,"title":"Case Series of Synthetic Cannabinoid Intoxication from One Toxicology Center","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Synthetic cannabinoid use has risen at alarming rates. This case series describes 11 patients exposed to the synthetic cannabinoid, MAB-CHMINACA who presented to an emergency department with life-threatening toxicity including obtundation, severe agitation, seizures and death. All patients required sedatives for agitation, nine required endotracheal intubation, three experienced seizures, and one developed hyperthermia. One developed anoxic brain injury, rhabdomyolysis and died. A significant number were pediatric patients. The mainstay of treatment was aggressive sedation and respiratory support. Synthetic cannabinoids pose a major public health risk. Emergency physicians must be aware of their clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Synthetic cannabinoids"},{"word":"MAB-CHMINACA toxicity"},{"word":"CB1 CB2 receptor agonism"},{"word":"Schedule 1 Controlled Substance Act"},{"word":"Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79s5z0wc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kenneth","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Katz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Adam","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Leonetti","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Blake","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Bailey","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Surmaitis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Eustice","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sherri","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kacinko","name_suffix":"","institution":"NMS Labs, Willow Grove, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Scott","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Wheatley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Pediatric Critical Care, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-12-17T10:11:49-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-12-17T10:11:49-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9525/galley/5318/download/"}]},{"pk":9430,"title":"Inadequate Sensitivity of Laboratory Risk Indicator to Rule Out Necrotizing Fasciitis in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening illness, particularly when surgical debridement is delayed. The Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score was developed to identify patients at higher risk for NF. Despite limited information in this regard, the LRINEC score is often used to “rule out” NF if negative. We describe the sensitivity of the LRINEC score in emergency department (ED) patients for the diagnosis of NF.\nMethods:\n We conducted a chart review of ED patients in whom coding of hospital discharge diagnoses included NF. We employed standard methods to minimize bias. We used laboratory data to calculate the LRINEC score, and confirmed the diagnosis of NF via explicit chart review. We then calculated the sensitivity of a positive LRINEC score (standardly defined as six or greater) in our cohort. We examined the role of patient characteristics in the performance of the LRINEC score. Finally, we performed sensitivity analyses to estimate whether missing data for c-reactive protein (CRP) results were likely to impact our results.\nResults:\n Of 266 ED patients coded as having a discharge diagnosis of NF, we were able to confirm the diagnosis, by chart review, in 167. We were able to calculate a LRINEC score in only 80 patients (due to absence of an initial CRP value); an LRINEC score of 6 or greater had a sensitivity of 77%. Sensitivity analyses of missing data supported our finding of inadequate sensitivity to rule out NF. In sub-analysis, NF patients with concurrent diabetes were more likely to be accurately categorized by the LRINEC score.\nConclusion:\n Used in isolation, the LRINEC score is not sufficiently sensitive to rule out NF in a general ED population.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"necrotizing fasciitis"},{"word":"clinical decision instruments"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3b75942d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sean","middle_name":"O.","last_name":"Henderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Guenevere","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burke","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nakashioya","name_suffix":"","institution":"Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jerome","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Hoffman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Los Angeles, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-10-28T14:56:52-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-10-28T14:56:52-04:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9430/galley/5291/download/"}]},{"pk":9466,"title":"Pilot Study to Determine Accuracy of Posterior Approach Ultrasound for Shoulder Dislocation by Novice Sonographers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of diagnosing shoulder dislocation using a single-view, posterior approach point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) performed by undergraduate research students, and to establish the range of measured distance that discriminates dislocated shoulder from normal.\nMethods:\n We enrolled a prospective, convenience sample of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with acute shoulder pain following injury. Patients underwent ultrasonographic evaluation of possible shoulder dislocation comprising a single transverse view of the posterior shoulder and assessment of the relative positioning of the glenoid fossa and the humeral head. The sonographic measurement of the distance between these two anatomic structures was termed the Glenohumeral Separation Distance (GhSD). A positive GhSD represented a posterior position of the glenoid rim relative to the humeral head and a negative GhSD value represented an anterior position of the glenoid rim relative to the humeral head. We compared ultrasound (US) findings to conventional radiography to determine the optimum GhSD cutoff for the diagnosis of shoulder dislocation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the derived US method were calculated.\nResults:\n A total of 84 patients were enrolled and 19 (22.6%) demonstrated shoulder dislocation on conventional radiography, all of which were anterior. All confirmed dislocations had a negative measurement of the GhSD, while all patients with normal anatomic position had GhSD>0. This value represents an optimum GhSD cutoff of 0 for the diagnosis of (anterior) shoulder dislocation. This method demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI [82.4-100]), specificity of 100% (95% CI [94.5-100]), positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI [82.4-100]), and negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI [94.5-100]).\nConclusion:\n Our study suggests that a single, posterior-approach POCUS can diagnose anterior shoulder dislocation, and that this method can be employed by novice ultrasonographers, such as non-medical trainees, after a brief educational session. Further validation studies are necessary to confirm these findings.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ultrasound, shoulder dislocation, glenohumeral dislocation, glenohumeral step-off distance"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4b795116","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shadi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lahham","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Brent","middle_name":"","last_name":"Becker","name_suffix":"","institution":"Wellspan York Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, York, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chiem","name_suffix":"","institution":"Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Linda","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Joseph","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Craig","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sean","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"Wilson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mohammad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Subeh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alex","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trinh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"","last_name":"Viquez","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Fox","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-11-17T00:32:33-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-11-17T00:32:33-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9466/galley/5301/download/"}]},{"pk":9594,"title":"Trauma Triage and Trauma System Performance","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/44x8z99s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gary","middle_name":"","last_name":"Johnson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University Hospital, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Syracuse, New York","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-01-26T13:33:24-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-01-26T13:33:24-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9594/galley/5343/download/"}]},{"pk":9316,"title":"Vital Signs Predict Rapid-Response Team Activation within Twelve Hours of Emergency Department Admission","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Rapid-response teams (RRTs) are interdisciplinary groups created to rapidly assess and treat patients with unexpected clinical deterioration marked by decline in vital signs. Traditionally emergency department (ED) disposition is partially based on the patients’ vital signs (VS) at the time of hospital admission. We aimed to identify which patients will have RRT activation within 12 hours of admission based on their ED VS, and if their outcomes differed.\nMethods:\n We conducted a case-control study of patients presenting from January 2009 to December 2012 to a tertiary ED who subsequently had RRT activations within 12 hours of admission (early RRT activations). The medical records of patients 18 years and older admitted to a non-intensive care unit (ICU) setting were reviewed to obtain VS at the time of ED arrival and departure, age, gender and diagnoses. Controls were matched 1:1 on age, gender, and diagnosis. We evaluated VS using cut points (lowest 10%, middle 80% and highest 10%) based on the distribution of VS for all patients. Our study adheres to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines for reporting observational studies.\nResults:\n A total of 948 patients were included (474 cases and 474 controls). Patients who had RRT activations were more likely to be tachycardic (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% CI [1.25-3.27]), tachypneic (OR 2.92, 95% CI [1.73-4.92]), and had lower oxygen saturations (OR 2.25, 95% CI [1.42-3.56]) upon arrival to the ED. Patients who had RRT activations were more likely to be tachycardic at the time of disposition from the ED (OR 2.76, 95% CI [1.65-4.60]), more likely to have extremes of systolic blood pressure (BP) (OR 1.72, 95% CI [1.08-2.72] for low BP and OR 1.82, 95% CI [1.19-2.80] for high BP), higher respiratory rate (OR 4.15, 95% CI [2.44-7.07]) and lower oxygen saturation (OR 2.29, 95% CI [1.43-3.67]). Early RRT activation was associated with increased healthcare utilization and worse outcomes including increased rates of ICU admission within 72 hours (OR 38.49, 95%CI [19.03-77.87]), invasive interventions (OR 5.49, 95%CI [3.82-7.89]), mortality at 72 hours (OR 4.24, 95%CI [1.60-11.24]), and mortality at one month (OR 4.02, 95%CI [2.44-6.62]).\nConclusion:\n After matching for age, gender and ED diagnosis, we found that patients with an abnormal heart rate, respiratory rate or oxygen saturation at the time of ED arrival or departure are more likely to trigger RRT activation within 12 hours of admission. Early RRT activation was associated with higher mortality at 72 hours and one month, increased rates of invasive intervention and ICU admission. Determining risk factors of early RRT activation is of clinical, operational, and financial importance, as improved medical decision-making regarding disposition would maximize allocation of resources while potentially limiting morbidity and mortality.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Vital Sign"},{"word":"blood pressure"},{"word":"heart rate"},{"word":"Respiratory Rate"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"Patient Care Teams"},{"word":"Code Teams"},{"word":"Cardiac Crash Team"},{"word":"Rapid Response Team"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/93r2v5j0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Walston","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cabrera","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Shawna","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Bellew","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Marc","middle_name":"N.","last_name":"Olive","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Christine","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Lohse","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"M. Fernanda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bellolio","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-08-24T16:32:05-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-08-24T16:32:05-04:00","date_published":"2016-04-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9316/galley/5249/download/"}]},{"pk":4551,"title":"Tell el-Amarna","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Tell el-Amarna is situated in middle Egypt and is the location of the New Kingdom city of Akhetaten, founded by Akhenaten in c. 1347 BCE as the cult home for the Aten. Occupied only briefly, it is our most complete example of an ancient Egyptian city, at which a contemporaneous urban landscape of cult and ceremonial buildings, palaces, houses, cemeteries, and public spaces has been exposed. It is an invaluable source for the study of both Akhenaten’s reign and of ancient Egyptian urbanism. The site has an extensive excavation history, and work continues there today.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Spatial lay-out, landscape, urban archaeology, mud brick"}],"section":"Geography","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k66566f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stevens","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cambridge University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-03-05T20:17:31-05:00","date_accepted":"2009-03-05T20:17:31-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-21T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/4551/galley/2655/download/"}]},{"pk":44129,"title":"Management of an Elderly Man with Acute Urinary Retention","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24p9h3cs","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Manuel","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Eskildsen","name_suffix":"MD, MPH, CMD, AGSF","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-19T10:52:12-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44129/galley/32932/download/"}]},{"pk":41636,"title":"Yelmochelys rosarioae\n gen. et sp. nov., a stem kinosternid (Testudines; Kinosternidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Coahuila, Mexico","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A small smooth-shelled kinosternoid from the late Campanian Cerro del Pueblo Formation and the early Maastrichtian Canyon del Tule Formation of Coahuila, Mexico that is abundantly represented by isolated elements is described as \nYelmochelys rosarioae\n gen. et sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis concludes that \nY. rosarioae\n is a representative of the stem lineage of the Kinosternidae. Inclusion of \nY. rosarioae\n in Kinosternidae is supported by presence of a groove for the musk duct, the loss of the eleventh peripheral and twelfth marginal, reduced articulation between the plastron and carapace, and diamond-shaped vertebral scales. A basal position within Kinosternidae is indicated by the presence of distinct abdominal scales that meet at the midline and the presence of a relatively long costiform processes. The inclusion of \nY. rosarioae\n in Kinosternidae supports the hypothesis that Kinosternidae and Dermatemydidae had diverged by the Late Campanian.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Kinosternidae, Yelmochelys rosarioae, Cerro del Pueblo Formation, Cretaceous, Mexico"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fn6q3f7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Don","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brinkman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Royal Tyrrell Museum","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Martha","middle_name":"Carolina","last_name":"Aguillon-Martinez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Coordinación de Paleontología, Secretaría de Educatión Pública de Coahuila","department":"None"},{"first_name":"J.","middle_name":"Howard","last_name":"Hutchison","name_suffix":"","institution":"Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Caleb","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brown","name_suffix":"","institution":"Royal Tyrrell Museum","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-04-13T17:21:16-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-04-13T17:21:16-04:00","date_published":"2016-04-13T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41636/galley/31164/download/"}]},{"pk":44136,"title":"The Importance of Penicillin Skin Testing in Patients with a History of Penicillin Allergy","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Commentary"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81x2m7n8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Samantha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gendelman","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Kellie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lim","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-08T03:13:29-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44136/galley/32939/download/"}]},{"pk":41398,"title":"Comparison of gene expression changes in susceptible, tolerant and resistant hosts in response to infection with Citrus tristeza virus and huanglongbing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The pathogens \nCandidatus\n Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) and \nCitrus tristeza virus \n(CTV) are both phloem limited and have significant economic impact on citrus production wherever they are found. Studies of host resistance have indicated that \nPoncirus trifoliata \nhas tolerance or resistance to both pathogens, suggesting that there may be some common factors in the 2 kinds of resistance. We have conducted studies of host gene expression changes that occur in response to infection to gain further insight. Controlled inoculation by grafting infected budwood was used to infect potted greenhouse plants of Cleopatra mandarin (\nCitrus reticulata\n), US-897 (\nC. reticulata\n x \nP. trifoliata\n), and US-942 (C. reticulata x P. trifoliata) with CTV and with Las, the pathogen associated with the disease huanglongbing (HLB). Stem and leaf tissue was collected at 10, 20, and 30 weeks after inoculation, DNA and RNA were extracted and subjected to qPCR and RT-qPCR analysis. Few differences in gene expression were observed between mock-inoculated and CTV-inoculated plants. Differences between mock-inoculated and Las-inoculated plants were most pronounced in susceptible Cleopatra plants and at the later stages of infection. Notable was the higher expression of a gene for miraculin-like protein 2 and other defense-related genes in US-897 and US-942 plants independent of infection. It is hypothesized that tolerance or resistance of US-897 and US-942 is associated with a higher constitutive expression of defense-related or other genes associated with the \nP. trifoliata\n parentage, rather than with induced expression in response to bacterial infection.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"citrus, Poncirus trifoliata, huanglongbing, Citrus tristeza virus, rootstock, gene expression, US-897, US-942"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5qt4z9c0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"K","middle_name":"D","last_name":"Bowman","name_suffix":"","institution":"USDA, ARS, USHRL, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, USA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"U","middle_name":"","last_name":"Albrecht","name_suffix":"","institution":"Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 2685 SR 29 N, Immokalee, Florida, 34142, USA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-03-23T14:59:49-04:00","date_accepted":"2016-03-23T14:59:49-04:00","date_published":"2016-04-06T14:58:55-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/41398/galley/30996/download/"}]},{"pk":44128,"title":"A Case of Recurrent Pericarditis in Multiple Family Members","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vf749fb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Minisha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kochar","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Kimberly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cheong","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-05T10:50:33-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44128/galley/32931/download/"}]},{"pk":9653,"title":"Identify-Isolate-Inform: A Tool for Initial Detection and Management of Zika Virus Patients in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"First isolated in 1947 from a monkey in the Zika forest in Uganda, and from mosquitoes in the same forest the following year, Zika virus has gained international attention due to concerns for infection in pregnant women potentially causing fetal microcephaly. More than one million people have been infected since the appearance of the virus in Brazil in 2015. Approximately 80% of infected patients are asymptomatic. An association with microcephaly and other birth defects as well as Guillain-Barre Syndrome has led to a World Health Organization declaration of Zika virus as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February 2016. Zika virus is a vector-borne disease transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Male to female sexual transmission has been reported and there is potential for transmission via blood transfusions. After an incubation period of 2-7 days, symptomatic patients develop rapid onset fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis, often associated with headache and myalgias. Emergency department (ED) personnel must be prepared to address concerns from patients presenting with symptoms consistent with acute Zika virus infection, especially those who are pregnant or planning travel to Zika-endemic regions, as well as those women planning to become pregnant and their partners. The identify-isolate-inform (3I) tool, originally conceived for initial detection and management of Ebola virus disease patients in the ED, and later adjusted for measles and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, can be adapted for real-time use for any emerging infectious disease. This paper reports a modification of the 3I tool for initial detection and management of patients under investigation for Zika virus. Following an assessment of epidemiologic risk, including travel to countries with mosquitoes that transmit Zika virus, patients are further investigated if clinically indicated. If after a rapid evaluation, Zika or other arthropod-borne diseases are the only concern, isolation (contact, droplet, airborne) is unnecessary. Zika is a reportable disease and thus appropriate health authorities must be notified. The modified 3I tool will facilitate rapid analysis and triggering of appropriate actions for patients presenting to the ED at risk for Zika.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Endemic Infections","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72w2v02d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kristi","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Koenig","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Disaster Medical Sciences, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Abdulmajeed","middle_name":"","last_name":"Almadhyan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Disaster Medical Sciences, Orange, California; Qassim University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Saudi Arabia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Burns","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Orange, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2016-02-25T01:07:14-05:00","date_accepted":"2016-02-25T01:07:14-05:00","date_published":"2016-04-04T20:59:08-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9653/galley/5360/download/"}]},{"pk":44127,"title":"Renal Cysts in Geriatric Outpatient Primary Care","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8f29224p","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hong-Phuc","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tran","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Sonja","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rosen","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-02T10:49:44-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44127/galley/32930/download/"}]},{"pk":44126,"title":"Balancing the Efficacy and Toxicity of Maintenance Immunosuppression in a Kidney Transplant Recipient: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8019f6p9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carl","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Schulze","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-04-01T10:48:56-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44126/galley/32929/download/"}]},{"pk":44125,"title":"A Case of Samter’s Syndrome","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2h05z2jt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"","last_name":"Reid","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Shivani","middle_name":"","last_name":"Patel","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2016-03-30T10:32:30-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44125/galley/32928/download/"}]}]}