{"count":38462,"next":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=23000","previous":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=22800","results":[{"pk":38201,"title":"Are Cultural and Evolutionary Views of Human Warfare Converging? A Review of War, Peace and Human Nature: The Convergence of Evolutionary and Cultural Views, edited by Douglas P. Fry (Oxford University Press, 2015)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"War, Peace and Human Nature: The Convergence of Evolutionary and Cultural Views, edited by Douglas P. Fry, provides a wealth of information on various topics related to human conflict.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4125090f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mathew","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-07-01T13:21:45-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-07-01T13:21:45-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38201/galley/28756/download/"}]},{"pk":34942,"title":"Eat and drink – if you can! A language internal explanation for the ‘irregular’ paradigm  of Tibetan za, zos, zo ‘eat’","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The paper discusses recent suggestions that Tibetan may originally have had a system of person marking, which could thus be reconstructed for proto-Tibeto-Burman. While self-evident traces of such person marking are clearly missing, the ‘irregular’ paradigm of the verb ‘eat’ has been taken as indirect evidence. This proposal, however, is in need of several further assumptions. The ‘irregular’ stem forms \nzos\n and \nzo\n, on the other hand, correspond to a regular, albeit obsolete modal derivation of ability in Old and Classical Tibetan.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Tibeto-Burman person marking"},{"word":"Tibetan verb paradigms"},{"word":"modality"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0tb1c0kp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bettina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zeisler","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tuebingen\nAsien-Orient-Institut\nAbteilung fuer Indologie","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-12-28T10:17:27-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-12-28T10:17:27-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/34942/galley/26059/download/"}]},{"pk":34947,"title":"Issues in the historical phonology of Gauri Jingpho","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is two-fold: (a) to argue that Gauri Jingpho, an underdescribed dialect of Jingpho spoken by small populations in hill tracts east of Bhamo, Burma (Myanmar), belongs to the Southern group within Jingpho dialects despite its superficial similarity to the Northern group; and (b) to provide phonological developments and a notable retention of Gauri phonology.\nThis paper classifies Gauri into the Southern group within Jingpho dialects on the basis of irregular phonological developments in which proto-final *-k and proto-prefix *n- dropped in some specific lexical items, and on the basis of not having all the four phonological innovations which all the Northern dialects share. This paper will show that the phonological similarities between Gauri and Northern dialects are due to shared retentions or parallel innovations occurred independently.\nThis paper also provides phonological developments in Gauri, which can be summarized as follows: *\nph-\n > \nf-\n; *\nkh-\n > \nh-\n; *\n-k\n > \n-Ɂ\n; *\n-k\n > Ø (sporadic);*\n-a\n > \n-o\n/*\nw-\n or *\nɁw-\n＿ (sporadic); *\n-a\n >\n -e\n/*\ny-\n or *\nɁy-\n＿ *\n-t\n or *\n-n\n. This paper also shows that Gauri is well preserves Proto-Jingpho medial *\n-r-\n as \n-r-\n, which has irregularly developed into \n-y-\n in some Jingpho dialects, on the basis of comparative evidence.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Jingpho, Gauri, Tibeto-Burman, Classification, Sound change"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/59p7b0d9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"KEITA","middle_name":"","last_name":"KURABE","name_suffix":"","institution":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) / Tokyo University of Foreign Studies","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-11T04:15:26-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-11T04:15:26-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/34947/galley/26062/download/"}]},{"pk":38191,"title":"Modeling Strategic Decisions in the Formation of the Early Neo-Assyrian Empire","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Understanding patterns of conflict and pathways in which political history became established is critical to understanding how large states and empires ultimately develop and come to rule given regions and influence subsequent events. We employ a spatiotemporal Cox regression model to investigate possible causes as to why regions were attacked by the Neo-Assyrian (912-608 BCE) state. The model helps to explain how strategic benefits and costs lead to likely pathways of conflict and imperialism based on elite strategic decision-making. We apply this model to the early 9th century BCE, a time when historical texts allow us to trace yearly campaigns in specific regions, to understand how the Neo-Assyrian state began to re-emerge as a major political player, eventually going on to dominate much of the Near East and starting a process of imperialism that shaped the wider region for many centuries even after the fall of this state. The model demonstrates why specific locations become regions of conflict in given campaigns, emphasizing a degree of consistency with which choices were made by invading forces with respect to a number of factors. We find that elevation and population density deter Assyrian invasions. Moreover, costs were found to be more of a clear motivator for Assyrian invasions, with distance constraints being a significant driver in determining where to campaign. These outputs suggest that Assyria was mainly interested in attacking its weakest, based on population and/or organization, and nearest rivals as it began to expand. Results not only help to address the emergence of this empire, but enable a generalized understanding of how benefits and costs to conflict can lead to imperialism and pathways to political outcomes that can have major social relevance.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"empires, imperialism, regression modeling, cost benefit analysis, conflict"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0415c0pj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Baudains","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Silvie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zamazalová","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mark","middle_name":"","last_name":"Altaweel","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wilson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-10T03:27:34-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-10T03:27:34-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38191/galley/28750/download/"}]},{"pk":38198,"title":"Modeling the large-scale demographic changes of the Old World","subtitle":null,"abstract":"I investigate the predictive behavior of a simple demographic model for agrarian empires in several Old World geographies between 1500BCE and 1500CE. I estimate and bound key model parameters from two historical datasets. I find that quasi-uniform carrying capacities and two net birth rates suffice to predict most Old World agrarian empire demographics in this period. Analysis suggests that a doubling of agricultural intensification occurred throughout most of the Old World circa 1000CE.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"demographics"},{"word":"Birth rate"},{"word":"carrying capacity"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vj6k3bm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bennett","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Washington","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-05-28T11:47:34-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-05-28T11:47:34-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38198/galley/28753/download/"}]},{"pk":38199,"title":"Seshat: The Global History Databank","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The vast amount of knowledge about past human societies has not been systematically organized and, therefore, remains inaccessible for empirically testing theories about cultural evolution and historical dynamics. For example, what evolutionary mechanisms were involved in the transition from the small-scale, uncentralized societies, in which humans lived 10,000 years ago, to the large-scale societies with an extensive division of labor, great differentials in wealth and power, and elaborate governance structures of today? Why do modern states sometimes fail to meet the basic needs of their populations? Why do economies decline, or fail to grow? In this article, we describe the structure and uses of a massive databank of historical and archaeological information, \nSeshat: The Global History Databank\n. The data that we are currently entering in \nSeshat\n will allow us and others to test theories explaining how modern societies evolved from ancestral ones, and why modern societies vary so much in their capacity to satisfy their members’ basic human needs.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Databases","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qx38718","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Turchin","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rob","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brennan","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Currie","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Feeney","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Pieter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Francois","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hoyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joseph","middle_name":"","last_name":"Manning","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Arkadiusz","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marciniak","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mullins","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alessio","middle_name":"","last_name":"Palmisano","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Peregrine","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Edward","middle_name":"A.L.","last_name":"Turner","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Harvey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Whitehouse","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-23T10:58:37-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-23T10:58:37-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38199/galley/28754/download/"}]},{"pk":38197,"title":"The Central Asian Role in the Making of Modern European Science: A Review of Warriors of the Cloisters: The Central Asian Origins of Science in the Medieval World, by Christopher Beckwith (Princeton University Press, 2012)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"At first glance, Christopher Beckwith’s \nWarriors of the Cloisters: The Central Asian Origins of Science in the Medieval World\n is rather straightforward. It attempts to argue that the origins of modern science are to be found in the Middle Ages, and those origins, in turn, can be traced back to Islamic civilization, which was in direct, intimate contact with Latin Europe during the same medieval period. That much is rather well-known and heavily documented. But Beckwith goes a step further. He now claims in this book that the essential components of what he calls “full scientific culture” (p.120) should themselves be sought in ancient Buddhist texts of pre-Islamic Central Asia.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jq0z7cx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"George","middle_name":"","last_name":"Saliba","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-05-21T14:08:48-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-05-21T14:08:48-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-30T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38197/galley/28752/download/"}]},{"pk":43601,"title":"Hereditary Hemochromatosis in Alcoholic Liver Disease","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q08x8kd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"Nisenbaum","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-29T22:53:12-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43601/galley/32406/download/"}]},{"pk":46649,"title":"2013 Washington State Budget-Recession and Basic Education as a Constitutional Paramount Duty","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Washington State budget is between a rock and a hard place, challenged by a slowly recovering economy and the State Supreme Court's McCleary decision.  A year after three Democrats shocked their Senate colleagues by uniting with Republicans to engineer a floor takeover of legislative business, attention remains fixed on the majority coalition.  Each majority caucus in the House and Senate held their ground through the 2013 105-day regular legislative session, which predictably ended in a standstill with no budget agreement.  The political maneuvering and power plays that plagued the regular legislative session continued through two 30-day special sessions, right up to the point where only two days remained before a state government shutdown loomed and lay-off notices to state workers were set to go into effect. A budget deal was finally struck just short of a shutdown. In 2013 at long last Washington State experienced, along with the nation, a slow recovery from the recession and state revenues were on the rise.  Washington's economic hopes now rest on tax increases, economic recovery, especially in aerospace, and the potential of new revenue from the regulated production and sale of recreational marijuana made possible through the passage of I-502 in 2012.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Washington State budget, fiscal policy, state finance"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gh0d5vq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Francis","middle_name":"","last_name":"Benjamin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington State University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Maria","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chavez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Pacific Lutheran University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lovrich","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-23T16:46:05-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-23T16:46:05-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-29T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cjpp/article/46649/galley/35322/download/"}]},{"pk":46652,"title":"Dancing Toward the Middle: New Mexico's Budget and Poltical Deliberations, FY2013-2014","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Though presidential politics and demographic trends show New Mexico turning a deeper shade of blue, its Democratic Legislature and Republican Governor danced to the political and fiscal center in the 2013 legislative session. They advanced similar budgets and focused on similar policy areas while continuing to disagree on longstanding political fights. Whether it was tighter party ratios in the state senate or a governor with an eye toward reelection, the 2013 legislative session was less acrimonious and more accomplished than many a recent session. This paper exams the political and economic landscape of New Mexico in 2013. First it will address the legislative and political changes brought about by the 2012 general election. Then, it will provide an overview of the more important legislative issues considered by the New Mexico Legislature. Finally, it will consider the legislature’s annual effort to pass a comprehensive state budget for the fiscal year beginning on July 1, 1013.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"New Mexico, Budget, 2013 Legislative Session, Fiscal policy, Western State Budget Reports"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vg6x28q","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kim","middle_name":"","last_name":"Seckler","name_suffix":"","institution":"New Mexico State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-25T15:46:13-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-25T15:46:13-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-29T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cjpp/article/46652/galley/35325/download/"}]},{"pk":46651,"title":"How to Replace a Lion? Hawai'i Prepares for Budget Life Without Dan Inouye","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper tracks the Hawai‘i state budget process during 2013, a time when the state's slow economic recovery was hampered by federal budget sequestration and the loss of US Senator Dan Inouye who excelled at steering federal funds to the state. The final budget reflected a few minor policy victories for Governor Abercrombie with the legislature leaning to the side of fiscal prudence.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Western State Budget Reports, Hawaii, fiscal policy, taxes"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f5910rn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Todd","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Belt","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Hawai'i at Hilo","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-23T17:02:57-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-23T17:02:57-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-29T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cjpp/article/46651/galley/35324/download/"}]},{"pk":46650,"title":"The Montana 2015 Biennium Budget","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Newly elected Democratic Governor Steve Bullock called for investing in Main Street, investing more in Montana’s education system, creating health care solutions that improve access for Montanans, and bringing high paying jobs to the state. The governor achieved few of his goals but the legislature did produce a balanced budget that addressed a variety of issues including Montana’s poorly funded state pension system, increased spending in a number of functional areas, provided $110 million in tax cuts, and left the state fiscally sound.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Montana budget, state fiscal policy, taxes, education"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5703b81j","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Greene","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Montana","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Julie","middle_name":"","last_name":"DeSoto","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Montana","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-23T16:54:38-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-23T16:54:38-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-29T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cjpp/article/46650/galley/35323/download/"}]},{"pk":46648,"title":"Wyoming's Budget: More Good, Bad, and Ugly Than a Clint Eastwood Movie","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The 2013 Wyoming General Legislative Session was a non-budget year.  As a result, few budget bills were passed.  A small supplemental budget bill was passed that added an additional $78 million to the $3.2 billion budget approved during the regular 2012 budget session.  At this time, Wyoming's economic outlook is strong and state revenue projections are higher than expected.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Western State Budget Report, Wyoming, fiscal policy, taxes"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22c5n32d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Schuhmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wyoming","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tracy","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Skopek","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wyoming","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-23T16:28:37-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-23T16:28:37-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-29T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cjpp/article/46648/galley/35321/download/"}]},{"pk":41387,"title":"Huanglongbing in Texas: Report on the first detections in commercial citrus","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening, is a destructive citrus disease associated with 3 α-proteobacteria species of \nCandidatus\n Liberibacter. The first report of HLB in the USA was from Florida in 2005 and \nCa\n. L. asiaticus (Las) is the only species currently confirmed in the USA. In January 2012, a Valencia sweet orange tree in a commercial orchard in San Juan, Texas, tested positive for Las by real-time and conventional PCR assays and by the sequence of its partial 16S rRNA gene. The sample tested negative for \nCa\n. L. americanus and \nCa\n. L. africanus. All 4 Valencia sweet orange seedlings that were graft-inoculated using budwood from the first Texas HLB-infected tree showed typical HLB symptoms 3 months post-inoculation and tested positive for the pathogen. Such HLB typical symptoms as leaf blotchy mottle, twig die-back, veinal chlorosis, lopsided and greening fruits were observed on the Las-positive tree in the orchard, which immediately triggered an intensive survey of the disease in the area. Typical HLB symptoms were found on 54 Valencia sweet orange trees in the same orchard and 18 Rio Red grapefruit trees in an adjacent orchard. All these symptomatic trees tested positive for Las by PCR and sequencing.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99p100ts","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"J.","middle_name":"V.","last_name":"da Graça","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX 78599, USA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"M.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kunta","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX 78599, USA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"M.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sétamou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University-Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX 78599, USA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"J.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rascoe","name_suffix":"","institution":"USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705,\nUSA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"W.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Li","name_suffix":"","institution":"USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705,\nUSA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"M.","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Nakhla","name_suffix":"","institution":"USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705,\nUSA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"B.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Salas","name_suffix":"","institution":"USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Mission Laboratory, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"D.","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Bartels","name_suffix":"","institution":"USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Mission Laboratory, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-25T14:59:45-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-25T14:59:45-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-26T14:52:26-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/41387/galley/30986/download/"}]},{"pk":62686,"title":"California Central Valley Water Rights in a Changing Climate","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Climate change and resulting changes in hydrology are already altering—and are expected in the future to continue to alter—the timing and amount of water flowing through rivers and streams. As these changes occur, the historical reliability of existing water rights will change. This study evaluates future water rights reliability in the Sacramento–Feather–American river watersheds. Because adequate data are not available to conduct a comprehensive analysis of water rights reliability, a condition placed into certain water rights, known as Term 91, is used to model projected water rights curtailment actions. Comparing the frequency and length of the historical and simulated future water diversion curtailments provides a useful projection of water rights reliability and water scarcity in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (Delta) watershed.\n \nProjections of future water rights curtailments show that water rights holders are likely to be curtailed much more frequently, and for significantly longer durations, as we move through the 21st century. Further, many more water rights holders will be affected by curtailment actions in the future. As curtailments last longer and become more common, more water users will have to access other supplies, such as groundwater or water transfers, or will have to fallow land or conserve water in other ways to meet their demands. These activities will likely ratchet up the potential for additional conflicts over water in the Delta watershed.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"water rights, climate change, Term 91, CalSim-II, Supplemental Project Water, diversions, diversion curtailments"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25c7w914","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"Mark","last_name":"Schwarz","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Water Resources","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2014-07-23T15:46:19-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-07-23T15:46:19-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62686/galley/48376/download/"}]},{"pk":62699,"title":"Evolution of Arability and Land Use, Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We used available data to estimate changes in land use and wet, non-farmable, and marginally farmable (WNMF) areas in the Delta from 1984 to 2012, and developed a conceptual model for processes that affect the changes observed. We analyzed aerial photography, groundwater levels, land–surface elevation data, well and boring logs, and surface water elevations. We used estimates for sea level rise and future subsidence to assess future vulnerability for the development of WNMF areas. The cumulative WNMF area increased linearly about 10-fold, from about 274 hectares (ha) in 1984 to about 2,800 ha in 2012. Moreover, several islands have experienced land use changes associated with reduced ability to drain the land. These have occurred primarily in the western and central Delta where organic soils have thinned; there are thin underlying mud deposits, and drainage ditches have not been maintained. Subsidence is the key process that will contribute to future increased likelihood of WNMF areas by reducing the thickness of organic soils and increasing hydraulic gradients onto the islands. To a lesser extent, sea level rise will also contribute to increased seepage onto islands by increasing groundwater levels in the aquifer under the organic soil and tidal mud, and increasing the hydraulic gradient onto islands from adjacent channels. WNMF develop from increased seepage under levees, which is caused by changing flow paths as organic soil thickness has decreased. This process is exacerbated by thin tidal mud deposits. Based primarily on projected reduced organic soil thickness and land–surface elevations, we delineated an additional area of about 3,450 ha that will be vulnerable to reduced arability and increased wetness by 2050.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nv2698k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Deverel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hydrofocus, Inc.","department":""},{"first_name":"Christina","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Lucero","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hydrofocus, Inc.","department":""},{"first_name":"Sandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bachand","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tetratech, Inc.","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-22T23:59:30-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-22T23:59:30-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62699/galley/48381/download/"}]},{"pk":62697,"title":"Storage in California's Reservoirs and Snowpack in this Time of Drought","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"reservoir storage, drought, California, snowpack, water management"}],"section":"Essay","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8m26d692","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Dettinger","name_suffix":"","institution":"U.S. Geological Survey and Scripps Institution of Oceanography","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Division of Flood Management, California Dept. of Water Resources","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-22T23:31:43-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-22T23:31:43-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62697/galley/48379/download/"}]},{"pk":62698,"title":"Temporal Trends in Hatchery Releases of Fall-Run Chinook Salmon in California's Central Valley","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Central Valley fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is the dominant population complex supporting the California and Southern Oregon commercial salmon fishery. The stock is largely dominated by hatchery productionand has shown high variability in adult returns, suggesting that hatchery practices are critical to thelong-term sustainability of the fishery. We compiled information from numerous sources to synthesizetrends in the number, location, size, and timingof fall-run Chinook salmon released from the five Central Valley hatcheries between 1946 and 2012. Approximately 2 billion fish were released duringthis period, nearly half of which were released from the single federally operated hatchery. Juveniles have been planted off-site in the estuary with increasing frequency since the early 1980s, particularly by state-operated hatcheries. Approximately 78% of all releases occurred between January and June, including ~25% in April and ~20% in May. Release timing and size trends differed among hatcheries,and were correlated. For example, the Coleman and Nimbus hatcheries tended to release small fish (<5 g, on average) early in the year, while the Feather, Mokelumne, and Merced hatcheries tendedto release larger fish (>10 g, on average) later in the year. Moreover, sizes-at-release (by month) haveincreased since the 1980s, leading to the emergence of a new life-history type that now comprises nearly all of the estuary releases: springtime releases of large ocean-ready “advanced smolts.” We collapsed release timing and size data into a single index of life-history diversity and our results indicate a reduction in juvenile life-history diversity, with decreased variability in release number, timing, and size through time. Together, these results indicate a reduction in the diversity of life-history types represented in the fall-run Chinook salmon hatchery releases, which may be a factor that contributes to the decreased stability of the Central Valley fall-run Chinook salmon stock complex.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, San Francisco Estuary, Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, artificial propagation, stocking, growth, life history, phenotypic diversity, portfolio effect"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7237t9xn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Huber","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management\nUniversity of California, Berkeley","department":""},{"first_name":"Stephanie","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Carlson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management\nUniversity of California, Berkeley","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-22T23:44:33-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-22T23:44:33-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-26T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62698/galley/48380/download/"}]},{"pk":43600,"title":"Myxedema: An Uncommon Diagnosis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tr5h5qv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jonie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hsiao","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-24T22:52:08-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43600/galley/32405/download/"}]},{"pk":8699,"title":"Leriche Syndrome Presenting with Multisystem  Vaso-Occlusive Catastrophe","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Leriche syndrome, aortoiliac occlusive disease, claudication"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5q2022kr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"C. Eric","middle_name":"","last_name":"McCoy","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Shaheena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Patierno","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Shahram","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lotfipour","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-11T18:32:54-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-11T18:32:54-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-24T20:13:04-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8699/galley/4990/download/"}]},{"pk":8712,"title":"Rural Ambulatory Access for Semi-Urgent Care and the Relationship of Distance to an Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nAvailability of timely access to ambulatory care for semi-urgent medical concerns in rural and suburban locales is unknown. Further distance to an emergency department (ED) may require rural clinics to serve as surrogate EDs in their region, and make it more likely for these clinics to offer timely appointments. We determined the availability of urgent (within 48 hours) access to ambulatory care for non-established visiting patients, and assessed the effect of insurance and ability to pay cash on a patient’s success in scheduling an appointment in rural and suburban Eastern United States. We also assessed how proximity to EDs and urgent care (UC) facilities influenced access to semi-urgent ambulatory appointments at primary care facilities.\nMethods: \nThe Appalachian Trail (AT), which runs from Georgia to Maine, was used as a transect to select 190 rural and suburban primary care clinics located along its entire length. We calculated their location and distance to the nearest hospital-based ED or UC via Google Earth. A sham patient representing a non-established visiting patient called each clinic over a four-month period (2013), requesting an appointment in the next 48 hours for one of three scripted clinical vignettes representing common semi-urgent ambulatory concerns. We randomized the scenarios and insurance statuses (insured vs. uninsured). Each clinic was contacted twice, once with the caller representing an insured patient, once with the caller representing an uninsured patient. When the caller was representing an uninsured patient, any required upfront payment was requested from each clinic. One hundred dollars was used as a cutoff between the uninsured as a distinction between those able to afford substantial upfront sums and those who could not. To determine if proximity to other sources of care impacted a clinic’s ability to grant an appointment, distance to the nearest ED or UC was modeled as a dichotomous variable using 30 miles as the divider.\nResults: \nOf 380 requests, 96 (25.3%) resulted in appointments within 48 hours. Insured patients and uninsured patients able to pay a substantial amount upfront (>$100) were more likely to book an appointment (p-value=<0.001, OR 18, CI [5-154]). Of the 47 clinics that granted uninsured patients appointments 89.3% required some form of payment up front. Farther distances from an ED did not result in greater likelihood of an appointment (OR 1.7, CI [0.4-11.3]). Clinics located within 30 miles of an UC were more likely to grant an appointment (OR 2.45, CI [1.19-5.80]).\nConclusion: \nAlmost 75% of rural clinics were unable to grant a new appointment for a semi-urgent health complaint. Lack of insurance and large upfront charges appear to be significant barriers to rural ambulatory care appointments. Greater distance from an ED does not improve a clinic’s ability to see semi-urgent appointments. Clinics located near an UC were more likely to grant an appointment than clinics without close alternative outpatient healthcare options.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Emergency Department Access","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d34w3f0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ashley","middle_name":"","last_name":"Parks","name_suffix":"","institution":"Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Andy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hoegh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Virginia Tech, Department of Statistics, Blacksburg, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Damon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kuehl","name_suffix":"","institution":"Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute, Department of Emergency Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-19T16:07:22-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-19T16:07:22-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-24T20:03:18-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8712/galley/4997/download/"}]},{"pk":4764,"title":"Amarna Period","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten/Amenhotep IV is controversial. Although substantial evidence for this period has been preserved, it is inconclusive on many important details. Nonetheless, the revolutionary nature of Akhenaten’s rule is salient to the modern student of ancient Egypt. The king’s devotion to and promotion of only one deity, the sun disk Aten, is a break from traditional Egyptian religion. Many theories developed about this era are often influenced by the history of its rediscovery and by recognition that Akhenaten’s immediate successors rejected his rule.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Arts and Humanities"}],"section":"Time and History","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77s6r0zr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jacquelyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Williamson","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-12-11T18:56:30-05:00","date_accepted":"2009-12-11T18:56:30-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-24T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/4764/galley/2679/download/"}]},{"pk":8283,"title":"Comparison of Preloaded Bougie versus Standard Bougie Technique for Endotracheal Intubation in a Cadaveric Model","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n We compared intubating with a preloaded bougie (PB) against standard bougie technique in terms of success rates, time to successful intubation and provider preference on a cadaveric airway model.\nMethods:\n In this prospective, crossover study, healthcare providers intubated a cadaver using the PB technique and the standard bougie technique. Participants were randomly assigned to start with either technique. Following standardized training and practice, procedural success and time for each technique was recorded for each participant. Subsequently, participants were asked to rate their perceived ease of intubation on a visual analogue scale of 1 to 10 (1=difficult and 10=easy) and to select which technique they preferred.\nResults:\n 47 participants with variable experience intubating were enrolled at an emergency medicine intern airway course. The success rate of all groups for both techniques was equal (95.7%). The range of times to completion for the standard bougie technique was 16.0-70.2 seconds, with a mean time of 29.7 seconds. The range of times to completion for the PB technique was 15.7-110.9 seconds, with a mean time of 29.4 seconds. There was a non-significant difference of 0.3 seconds (95% confidence interval -2.8 to 3.4 seconds) between the two techniques. Participants rated the relative ease of intubation as 7.3/10 for the standard technique and 7.6/10 for the preloaded technique (p=0.53, 95% confidence interval of the difference -0.97 to 0.50). Thirty of 47 participants subjectively preferred the PB technique (p=0.039).\nConclusion:\n There was no significant difference in success or time to intubation between standard bougie and PB techniques. The majority of participants in this study preferred the PB technique. Until a clear and clinically significant difference is found between these techniques, emergency airway operators should feel confident in using the technique with which they are most comfortable.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"airway"},{"word":"endotracheal intubation"},{"word":"bougie"}],"section":"Treatment Protocol Assessment","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tx542hz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jay","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Baker","name_suffix":"","institution":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dupont, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"F.","last_name":"Maskell","name_suffix":"","institution":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dupont, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Matlock","name_suffix":"","institution":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dupont, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Walsh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dupont, Washington","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Carl","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Skinner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dupont, Washington","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-06-12T19:17:05-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-06-12T19:17:05-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-23T15:43:35-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8283/galley/4743/download/"}]},{"pk":8869,"title":"Adult Intussusception Secondary to Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Intussusception, Fibroid Polyp, Adult"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5qf2695c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nobuhiko","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kimura","name_suffix":"","institution":"Naval Hospital Okinawa, Emergency Department, Okinawa, Japan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hight","name_suffix":"","institution":"Naval Hospital Okinawa, Emergency Department, Okinawa, Japan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Naval Hospital Okinawa, Emergency Department, Okinawa, Japan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Willy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ronald","name_suffix":"","institution":"Naval Hospital Okinawa, Emergency Department, Okinawa, Japan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kimberly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Naval Hospital Okinawa, Emergency Department, Okinawa, Japan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jacob","middle_name":"","last_name":"Camp","name_suffix":"","institution":"Naval Hospital Okinawa, Emergency Department, Okinawa, Japan","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-20T02:22:35-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-20T02:22:35-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-23T13:34:47-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8869/galley/5049/download/"}]},{"pk":8867,"title":"Open Ring Sign Diagnostic of Multiple Sclerosis in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"demyelinating"},{"word":"open ring"},{"word":"partially enhancing"},{"word":"multiple sclerosis"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cz7987d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Nappe","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lehigh Valley Hospital-Muhlenberg, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"T","last_name":"Niehaus","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lehigh Valley Hospital-Muhlenberg, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Terrence","middle_name":"E","last_name":"Goyke","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lehigh Valley Hospital-Muhlenberg, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-18T11:21:07-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-18T11:21:07-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-23T13:14:05-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8867/galley/5048/download/"}]},{"pk":43599,"title":"Cervical Spine Stenosis Progressing to Acute Cord Compression","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q1861nk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amar","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nawathe","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Erica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Romblom","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-22T22:51:02-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43599/galley/32404/download/"}]},{"pk":8854,"title":"Massive Hematochezia from Ascending Colonic Varices","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Hematochezia"},{"word":"gastrointestinal bleeding"},{"word":"Varices"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3136h4n6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kaci","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Christian","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"McCurdy","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Darryn","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Potosky","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-10T09:42:04-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-10T09:42:04-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-22T22:35:24-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8854/galley/5044/download/"}]},{"pk":8766,"title":"Importance of Decision Support Implementation in  Emergency Department Vancomycin Dosing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nThe emergency department (ED) plays a critical role in the management of life-threatening infection. Prior data suggest that ED vancomycin dosing is frequently inappropriate.The objective is to assess the impact of an electronic medical record (EMR) intervention designed to improve vancomycin dosing accuracy, on vancomycin dosing and clinical outcomes in critically ill ED patients.\nMethods: \nRetrospective before-after cohort study of all patients (n=278) treated with vancomycin in a 60,000-visit Midwestern academic ED (March 2008 and April 2011) and admitted to an intensive care unit. The primary outcome was the proportion of vancomycin doses defined as “appropriate” based on recorded actual body weight. We also evaluated secondary outcomes of mortality and length of stay.\nResults: \nThe EMR dose calculation tool was associated with an increase in mean vancomycin dose ([14.1±5.0] vs. [16.5±5.7] mg/kg, p<0.001) and a 10.3% absolute improvement in first-dose appropriateness (34.3% vs. 24.0%, p=0.07). After controlling for age, gender, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) score, 28-day in-hospital mortality (odds ratio OR 1.72; 95% CI [0.76-3.88], p=0.12) was not affected.\nConclusion: \nA computerized decision-support tool is associated with an increase in mean vancomycin dose in critically ill ED patients, but not with a statistically significant increase in therapeutic vancomycin doses. The impact of decision-support tools should be further explored to optimize compliance with accepted antibiotic guidelines and to potentially affect clinical outcome.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"vancomycin"},{"word":"computerized decision-support"},{"word":"emergency department"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xh3c0ss","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Brett","middle_name":"","last_name":"Faine","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mohr","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Emergency Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kari","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Harland","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Emergency Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kathryn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rolfes","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Blake","middle_name":"","last_name":"Porter","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Fuller","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University, Department of Anesthesiology, St. Louis, Missouri","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-20T10:47:56-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-20T10:47:56-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-22T22:16:44-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8766/galley/5015/download/"}]},{"pk":8661,"title":"Demographic, Operational, and Healthcare Utilization Factors Associated with Emergency Department Patient Satisfaction","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nThe primary aim of this study was to determine which objectively-measured patient demographics, emergency department (ED) operational characteristics, and healthcare utilization frequencies (care factors) were associated with patient satisfaction ratings obtained from phone surveys conducted by a third-party vendor for patients discharged from our ED.\nMethods:\n This is a retrospective, observational analysis of data obtained between September 2011 and August 2012 from all English- and Spanish-speaking patients discharged from our ED who were contacted by a third-party patient satisfaction vendor to complete a standardized nine-item telephone survey by a trained phone surveyor. We linked data from completed surveys to the patient’s electronic medical record to abstract additional demographic, ED operational, and healthcare utilization data. We used univariate ordinal logistic regression, followed by two multivariate models, to identify significant predictors of patient satisfaction. Results: We included 20,940 patients for analysis. The overall patient satisfaction ratings were as follows: 1=471 (2%); 2=558 (3%); 3=2,014 (10%), 4=5,347 (26%); 5=12,550 (60%). Factors associated with higher satisfaction included race/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic Black; Hispanic patients), age (patients ≥65), insurance (Medicare), mode of arrival (arrived by bus or on foot), and having a medication ordered in the ED. Patients who felt their medical condition did not improve, those treated in our ED behavioral health area, and those experiencing longer wait times had reduced satisfaction.\nConclusion:\n These findings provide a basis for development and evaluation of targeted interventions that could be used to improve patient satisfaction in our ED.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"patient satisfaction"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96k2j2q0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Morgan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Regions Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Salzman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Regions Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"LeFevere","name_suffix":"","institution":"Regions Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Avis","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Thomas","name_suffix":"","institution":"HealthPartners Institute for Education and Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kurt","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Isenberger","name_suffix":"","institution":"Regions Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-12-16T13:49:19-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-12-16T13:49:19-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-22T21:42:27-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8661/galley/4976/download/"}]},{"pk":8645,"title":"Validation of ICD-9 Codes for Stable  Miscarriage in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nInternational Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis codes have not been validated for identifying cases of missed abortion where a pregnancy is no longer viable but the cervical os remains closed. Our goal was to assess whether ICD-9 code “632” for missed abortion has high sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) in identifying patients in the emergency department (ED) with cases of stable early pregnancy failure (EPF).\nMethods: \nWe studied females ages 13-50 years presenting to the ED of an urban academic medical center. We approached our analysis from two perspectives, evaluating both the sensitivity and PPV of ICD-9 code “632” in identifying patients with stable EPF. All patients with chief complaints “pregnant and bleeding” or “pregnant and cramping” over a 12-month period were identified. We randomly reviewed two months of patient visits and calculated the sensitivity of ICD-9 code “632” for true cases of stable miscarriage. To establish the PPV of ICD-9 code “632” for capturing missed abortions, we identified patients whose visits from the same time period were assigned ICD-9 code “632,” and identified those with actual cases of stable EPF. Results: We reviewed 310 patient records (17.6% of 1,762 sampled). Thirteen of 31 patient records assigned ICD-9 code for missed abortion correctly identified cases of stable EPF (sensitivity=41.9%), and 140 of the 142 patients without EPF were not assigned the ICD-9 code “632”(specificity=98.6%). Of the 52 eligible patients identified by ICD-9 code “632,” 39 cases met the criteria for stable EPF (PPV=75.0%).\nConclusion: \nICD-9 code “632” has low sensitivity for identifying stable EPF, but its high specificity and moderately high PPV are valuable for studying cases of stable EPF in epidemiologic studies using administrative data.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency medicine, miscarriage, missed abortion, obstetrics and gynecology"}],"section":"Population Health Research Design","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g35f63d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kelly","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Quinley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Highland Hospital of Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ailsa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Falck","name_suffix":"","institution":"James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Kallan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Datner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Brendan","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Carr","name_suffix":"","institution":"Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Courtney","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Schreiber","name_suffix":"","institution":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-12-19T17:27:36-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-12-19T17:27:36-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-22T21:33:36-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8645/galley/4974/download/"}]},{"pk":8700,"title":"Choledochal Cyst Mimicking Gallbladder with Stones in  a Six-Year-Old with Right-sided Abdominal Pain","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Choledochal cysts are rare but serious bile duct abnormalities found in young children, usually during the first year of life.1 They require urgent surgical intervention due to the risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma.2 Clinicians should consider this diagnosis and perform a point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) when a child presents to the emergency department (ED) with findings of jaundice, abdominal pain, and the presence of an abdominal mass. We present the case of a six-year-old child presenting only with abdominal pain upon arrival to our ED and was ultimately diagnosed by POCUS to have a choledochal cyst.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"choledochal cyst, pediatric ultrasound, emergency department"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jn6756c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rachna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Subramony","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kittisarapong","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northshore University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Manhasset, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Isabel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Barata","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northshore University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Manhasset, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mathew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nelson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northshore University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Manhasset, New York","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-12T17:30:26-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-12T17:30:26-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-22T19:58:45-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8700/galley/4991/download/"}]},{"pk":8687,"title":"Predictors Of Linkage To Care For Newly Diagnosed HIV-Positive Adults","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Linkage to care following a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis is critical. In the U.S. only 69% of patients are successfully linked to care, which results in delayed receipt of antiretroviral therapy leading to immune system dysfunction and risk of transmission to others. Methods: We evaluated predictors of failure to link to care at a large urban healthcare center in Philadelphia in order to identify potential intervention targets. We conducted a cohort study between May 2007 and November 2011 at hospital-affiliated outpatient clinics, emergency departments (EDs), and inpatient units.\nResults:\n Of 87 patients with a new HIV diagnosis, 63 (72%) were linked to care: 23 (96%) from the outpatient setting and 40 (63%) from the hospital setting (ED or inpatient) (p<0.01). Those who were tested in the hospital-based settings were more likely to be black (p=0.01), homeless (p=0.03), and use alcohol or drugs (p=0.03) than those tested in the outpatient clinics. Patients tested in the ED or inpatient units had a 10.9 fold (p=0.03) higher odds of failure to link compared to those diagnosed in an outpatient clinic. When testing site was controlled, unemployment (OR 12.2;p<0.01) and substance use (OR 6.4;p<0.01) were associated with failure to link.\nConclusion:\n Our findings demonstrate the comparative success of linkage to care in outpatient medical clinics versus hospital-based settings. This study both reinforces the importance of routine opt-out HIV testing in outpatient practices, and demonstrates the need to better understand barriers to linkage.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"HIV testing, linkage to care, outpatient primary care HIV testing, emergency room HIV testing"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pz6z3sg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Erika","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aaron","name_suffix":"","institution":"Drexel University College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV \nMedicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tyler","middle_name":"","last_name":"Alvare","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ed","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Gracely","name_suffix":"","institution":"Drexel University School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ralph","middle_name":"","last_name":"Riviello","name_suffix":"","institution":"Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Amy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Althoff","name_suffix":"","institution":"Drexel University College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV \nMedicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-04T10:14:01-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-04T10:14:01-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-22T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8687/galley/4988/download/"}]},{"pk":43598,"title":"Co-Management of Hypertension in the Neurosurgical Patient for the Hospitalist","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hh785s6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elaine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Parker","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-21T22:50:07-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43598/galley/32403/download/"}]},{"pk":6013,"title":"Between \"Easter Island\" and \"Rapa Nui\": The Making and Unmaking of an Uncanny Lifeworld","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This is a historically informed ethnography of the Rapanui people of Easter Island. The main point of the thesis is that the “restoration” of a dispossessed and ravaged landscape by outsiders into what some scholars call “Museum Island” produces in the Rapanui an uncanny affect when re-encountering their landscape and the emplaced persons within. The ontological, historical, and contemporary entailments of the case are analyzed on the basis of ethnographic data I collected on the island in May-July 2013 and January 2014, in addition to archival research I conducted at the island’s museum. My analysis reveals that after confining the Rapanui in what is today the island’s only town, and then subjecting them to disciplinary and regulatory techniques borrowed from the concurrent treatment of lepers on the island, the Chilean nation-state came to frame the contemporary Rapanui subject through a psychopolitics of melancholy. By means of a government apparatus aimed at developing the Rapanui’s culture, a desire is interpellated in the indigenous subject to be Rapanui at the same time that the ontological and ethical entailments of being Rapanui are relegated to a lost, indeterminable object in the past (in the island’s curatorial arrangement). I show that this is accomplished by rendering the present form of the island a frozen, monologic version of the past. I also explore the ways in which Rapanui subjects today remake their world as a familiar place by regenerating connections with their personalized landscape, a process I liken to disaster recovery. I conclude the thesis with a discussion of a collaborative project in 2014-2015 that attempts to regenerate dominated forms and modes of being in Rapa Nui.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Polynesia"},{"word":"Personhood"},{"word":"Biopower"},{"word":"recovery"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bj1m2m5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Pablo","middle_name":"Howard","last_name":"Seward","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-25T08:27:15-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-25T08:27:15-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T15:04:48-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6013/galley/3654/download/"}]},{"pk":6012,"title":"Building Your Resume to be the Ultimate Bride: South Korean Women’s Contradictory Identity in a Hyper-Instrumentalized Society","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Rapid modernization in South Korea, derived from industrialization and democratization in the 70’s and 80’s, has helped Korean women to gain higher socio-economic statuses. However, the daughters of the 70’s and 80’s generation still prefer to sustain higher status through marriage, by regarding it the ultimate life goal, as a “job”. My research question asks, “Why do well-educated South Korean women, who are aware of the “second shift”, and other forms of marital inequality still actively resort to marriage as their ultimate life goal despite opportunities for self-actualization?” Drawing from 29 in-depth interviews with South Korean women, born in the 80’s and 90’s, I argue that in the building of South Korean modernity, a compressed process within the 70’s and 80’s, the current South Korea is a hyper-instrumentalized society where women are actively “modernizing” themselves to be “traditional”. As the body of South Korean women interacts with these emerging social institutions, marriage involves a process of resume building through higher education and the career market. My findings show that South Korean marriage is even regarded as a “job” in itself. As a result, we must reconsider the role of ideals like self-actualization, which are typically assumed in narratives of modernization. The end-goal of successful marriage should be considered as part of the changing sociology that drives South Korean women to pursue higher education and prominent job opportunities.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Gender, South Korea, Marriage, Family"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kj8n5hf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yunhee","middle_name":"","last_name":"Roh","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-25T03:36:40-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-25T03:36:40-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T15:02:27-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6012/galley/3653/download/"}]},{"pk":6015,"title":"The Significance of the Wasteland in American Culture","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I examine the sense of restlessness and the resultant apocalyptic fantasy in contemporary American culture by distilling two film genres—the Hollywood western and the post-apocalyptic—down to their basic structural elements. The post-apocalyptic genre’s aesthetic and thematic borrowing from the Hollywood western signifies a cynical critique of the frontier myth. In 1893, Frederick Jackson Turner presented \nThe Significance of the Frontier in American History\n, his “Frontier Thesis,” which mourns the closure of the frontier and celebrates the American institutions built upon it. The frontier only exists insofar as it is available for human exploration and settlement. Though the frontier is long gone, the desire for open space and freedom from social restriction remains prominent in American culture. The post-apocalyptic genre continues Turner’s mourning and indulges the fantasy of free and open space. In essence, it gives the frontier back to viewers by undoing everything that the frontier made possible. The characters in the post-apocalyptic genre then explore the possibilities of rebuilding society and struggle (and often fail) to avoid the mistakes of America’s historical past. In this sense, the wasteland functions as a revision of the frontier myth. This paper explores the post-apocalyptic genre’s view of the frontier myth as a trajectory towards civilization’s collapse. It posits a more cynical view of humanity, and in doing so aims to expose the feet of clay on which our social order stands. In the process, a new myth is generated—the mythic wasteland.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"film"},{"word":"genre"},{"word":"post-apocalyptic"},{"word":"Western"},{"word":"wasteland"},{"word":"frontier"},{"word":"Frederick Jackson Turner"},{"word":"frontier thesis"},{"word":"restlessness"},{"word":"zombie"},{"word":"Myth"},{"word":"social order"},{"word":"dystopia"},{"word":"America"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zz2f1nk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Peterson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-25T19:24:47-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-25T19:24:47-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T15:01:15-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6015/galley/3655/download/"}]},{"pk":6017,"title":"Amphibians, Affect and Agency: On the Production of Scientific Knowledge in the Anthropocene","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The scientific community agrees that we are in the midst of a mass extinction event caused by human impacts on the environment. Amidst this alarming loss in biodiversity, conservation biology has emerged as the authoritative body of knowledge by which we come to understand mass extinction and what can be done to prevent it. Using evidence from a case study of scientific research done by conservation biologists on amphibian declines and extinctions, this paper argues that conservation biology exists in the tension between an extension and a subversion of a post-Enlightenment scientific rationality. Part I of this paper supports the claim that conservation biology is an extension of post-Enlightenment rationality that positions the conservation biologist as an agent in the continued mastery and control of nature. Part II of this paper supports a counter-narrative that conservation biology is a subversion of post-Enlightenment scientific rationality that instead positions the conservation biologist as a partner with and advocate for nature.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Feminist science and technology studies"},{"word":"affect theory"},{"word":"Anthropocene"},{"word":"interspecies relationships"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zp4q4kp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Meg","middle_name":"","last_name":"Perret","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-26T02:33:07-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-26T02:33:07-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T15:00:16-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6017/galley/3656/download/"}]},{"pk":5998,"title":"The Tower and the Telescope: The Gaze and Colonial Elsewheres in Virginia Woolf’s Fictions","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Many scholars choose to celebrate Virginia Woolf as a preeminent English modernist who writes from and writes about the hub of empire, while focusing on her major novels and neglecting her short fiction. This thesis takes two of Virginia Woolf’s novels, \nThe Voyage Out\n and \nMrs. Dalloway\n, and brings them into conversation with the unpublished draft material of Woolf’s little-known, but heavily revised short story “The Searchlight.” Rather than assuming that Woolf is an author who primarily engages with life within England at the turn of the century, it interrogates the colonial elsewheres (or the places of colony that Woolf writes about but never visited herself) that feature in various scenes of looking in her writing. What do Woolf’s characters see when they gaze over people and places that are both known and unknown? And, perhaps even more importantly, what do they imagine? This thesis claims that the act of looking in Woolf’s fictions constitutes a fundamental ambivalence in the ideology of empire – Woolf’s characters gaze at colonial elsewheres in ways that both sustain and dislodge the underlying logic of conquest. Ultimately, the gaze as it operates in Woolf’s fictions is less about accessing a single subjectivity and more about how the gaze is constantly brought into relation with other gazes in the outer world. Any attempt by her characters to achieve a monolithic gaze that aligns with the nationalistic and patriarchal agenda of empire is always disrupted by other objects, people, or places.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"British Modernism"},{"word":"Mrs. Dalloway"},{"word":"Postcolonial studies"},{"word":"The Voyage Out"},{"word":"The Searchlight"},{"word":"Virginia Woolf"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78j1x102","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sophia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mao","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-06-17T19:14:20-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-06-17T19:14:20-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T14:59:35-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/5998/galley/3649/download/"}]},{"pk":6008,"title":"\"A Time of Great Tension\": Memory and the Malaysian Chinese Construction of the May 13 Race Riots","subtitle":null,"abstract":"On May 13th 1969, decades of political and ethnic pressures exploded after a contentious general election, changing Malaysia's capital city of Kuala Lumpur from a bustling cityscape into a racialized battleground. Majority Malay and minority Chinese would clash for weeks afterward, leaving behind an estimated two hundred dead and a further five hundred wounded. This paper examines a variety of Malaysian Chinese constructions of the race riots in the decades afterward, piecing together the thoughts and feelings held towards an ethnically traumatic event that still holds sway in the current turbulent sky that is Malaysia's political sphere. Using essays, nonfiction, literature, and surveys from those who had lived through the riots, we see for all the lack of a cohesive narrative and general reticence regarding the riots that while the 'winner' may create history, the 'loser' can develop powerful, flexible lessons for the future.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Malaysian history"},{"word":"Chinese"},{"word":"Malay"},{"word":"race relations"},{"word":"Politics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87n7c529","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kelly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jones","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-24T00:49:20-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-24T00:49:20-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T14:58:30-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6008/galley/3650/download/"}]},{"pk":6011,"title":"From the Past to the Present: The Guatemala STD Study and Multi-Layered Bioethical Critique","subtitle":null,"abstract":"I use the Guatemala STD Study as a case study for modern bioethics and public policy surrounding pharmaceutical human subjects research. The Guatemala Study was a two year clinical experiment funded and executed by the United States Public Health Services (USPHS) to intentionally infect Guatemalan subjects with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as syphilis, gonorrhea and cancroid, in order to understand the efficacy of chemical prophylaxis. Hope for treatment when none else is available, coupled with infrastructural weakness and social prejudice makes countless populations vulnerable to exploitation, much like the Guatemalan STD study subjects. As a case study, Guatemala highlights gaping holes in human subject protections, especially in regards to structural violence. This article is designed to add to the incisive analyses already provided by academics on the Guatemala case so far. I have taken a multi-layered approach in order to answer three important questions: 1) how the study occurred in the first place, 2) why the researchers disregarded the subjects’ lives and wellbeing and 3) how the current legal-regulatory system manufactures a form of justice (or injustice) for the surviving victims. The Guatemala study was in fact, “a dark chapter in the history of medicine” as NIH director Francis Collins lamented. Nonetheless, it also set the precedent for transnational human subject research, which has grown to extraordinary levels in recent years.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Health Research, Public Policy, Guatemala, US PHS, Guatemala STD Study, Bioethics, Human Subjects Research"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xz9b25f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alicia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gonzalez","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-24T21:55:29-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-24T21:55:29-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T14:57:12-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6011/galley/3652/download/"}]},{"pk":6009,"title":"Domestic Violence and Women With Disabilities: A Neglected Problem","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Women with disabilities and women affected by violence have been seen as two different groups, when in fact, there is a tremendous co-occurrence that service providers are not equipped to detect or respond to. This thesis will explore the domestic violence experiences of women with disabilities to reveal similarities and important differences to women in general. Chapter one will begin by defining disability and exploring how the social context of disability interrelates with the social construction of femininity. The next chapter will focus on defining domestic violence, exploring women’s experience of domestic violence, and enumerating special factors that may impact women with disabilities. The third chapter will discuss the types of services that exist for domestic violence, the factors that complicate accessing services for this population of women, and how accessibility means much more than removing structural barriers. The final chapter will provide policy and practice recommendations and discuss significant gaps in the literature.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"impairment, functional limitation, disability, women with disabilities, internalized oppression, intimate partner violence, domestic violence, disability related abuse, disability services, accessib.."}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w28p80c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"Theodora","last_name":"Darzins","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-23T21:20:20-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-23T21:20:20-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-21T14:56:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6009/galley/3651/download/"}]},{"pk":5352,"title":"Alerts for Assessing Biological Constraints on Learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Many researchers have reported differential rates of learning and inferred selective associations between events reflecting biological constraints on learning that have evolved for each given species.  Although we do not doubt that there are such biological constraints on learning, we suggest that some of the many claims may actually be spurious due to use of less than optimal research designs.  We propose six methodological and inferential concerns that current researchers and reviewers of past research may find useful.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Constraints, Learning, Control Groups"}],"section":"Special Issue on Biological Constraints on Learning","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tk8h8c4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"J. Bruce","middle_name":"","last_name":"Overmier","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Minnesota\nMinneapolis, MN","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Julia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Meyers-Manor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Macalester College\nSt. Paul, MN","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-03-10T11:37:30-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-03-10T11:37:30-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-20T00:37:37-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5352/galley/3210/download/"}]},{"pk":8779,"title":"Esophageal Intubation of an Infant","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Esophageal Intubation"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jd0w20f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jana","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kharmene","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sunga","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Annie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sadosty","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-26T17:12:07-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-26T17:12:07-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-17T19:49:07-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8779/galley/5018/download/"}]},{"pk":34946,"title":"Synoptic grammar of the Bumthang language [HL Archive 6]","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A synoptic grammar of the Bumthang language of the central Bhutan highlands","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Grammar, Himalayas, Language, Bumthang"}],"section":"Archives","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6h50n7v5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"George","middle_name":"","last_name":"van Driem","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Berne","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-21T07:45:19-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-21T07:45:19-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-15T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/34946/galley/26061/download/"}]},{"pk":5337,"title":"Age Influences Male's Mating Preferences for Multiparous and Nulliparous Females in the Laboratory-bred \nMacaca Fascicularis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Most studies of partner choice and preferences in nonhuman primates have been concerned with male social rank. Females select high-ranking males, and high-ranking females can more readily gain access to males. Although researchers have mentioned males’ choices and their preferences for females, papers that focus on male preferences have been few. Past studies suggested that male primates prefer older females. We analyzed data collected by the every-other-day mating system in which a male alternately lived with each of two females. This allowed us to compare the biological and/or physical characteristics of pregnant females with those of nonpregnant females and to minimize social factors. Multiparous and/or older females were more frequently pregnant. In the nulliparous group, females that became pregnant for the first time tended to be younger than the other nonpregnant females paired in the mating set. While males generally prefer parous females, males prefer to mate with younger females among females that have never been pregnant. A female that gets pregnant at a young age could become pregnant again later in life. Such a mating preference would guarantee higher reproductive success for females in the wild as well.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Partner Choice"},{"word":"Male Preference"},{"word":"reproductive success"},{"word":"Biological and/or Physical Characteristics"},{"word":"Gravidity"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0p1615k3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Maiko","middle_name":"Yoshida","last_name":"Kobayashi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Japan Women’s University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Takamasa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Koyama","name_suffix":"","institution":"Japan Women’s University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Yasuhiro","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yasutomi","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Institute of Biomedical Innovation","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tadashi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sankai","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Institute of Biomedical Innovation","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-17T22:07:06-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-17T22:07:06-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-14T14:35:50-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5337/galley/3197/download/"}]},{"pk":9073,"title":"Articles in Press","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Once articles have been accepted for publication but have not yet been assigned to an issue, we place them here.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Table of Contents","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fp9c8mt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christine","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Louis","name_suffix":"","institution":"WestJEM Publishing Director","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Isabelle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nepomuceno","name_suffix":"","institution":"WestJEM Publishing Director","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-11T13:54:28-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-11T13:54:28-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-11T13:57:23-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/9073/galley/5104/download/"}]},{"pk":2745,"title":"Herstory Belongs to Everybody or The Miracle: A Queer Mobile Memory Project","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Miracle is an artistic and activist queer project begun in 2004\n. \nThis article takes the form of a transcribed interview between the founders of the Miracle and a graduate student volunteer. The authors, all participants in The Miracle, describe the queer bookmobile/mobile archives project as an intervention that seeks to protest the loss of queer community spaces in Los Angeles and Oakland, to temporarily disrupt the progress of gentrification and its attendant displacement of poor and minoritized communities, and to “redistribute” knowledge, literature, and information. The purpose of the article is to describe the activity as a memory project centered in a particular community and to continue a conversation between minoritized community groups and the archival profession in the mode of X, Campbell and Stevens’ 2009 contribution to \nArchivaria, “\nLove and Lubrication in the Archives, or rukus!: A Black Queer Archive for the United Kingdom.” In our work and in this article, we recognize that certain aspects of our practice are incommensurable with archival theory and professional archival standards of description, preservation, or access, but argue that genuine community-based work cannot take place exclusively in the remove of official institutions. Our alternative model of redistribution aims to meet people in the city, in their places of work, and all manner of public and private spaces as a project of memory preservation and political protest.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"community archives, lgbtq archives, activism"}],"section":"Interviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d67f235","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Roderic","middle_name":"","last_name":"Crooks","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Irina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Contreras","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kelly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Besser","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-02T14:24:37-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-02T14:24:37-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-11T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2745/galley/1629/download/"}]},{"pk":5325,"title":"Thinking Pigs: A Comparative Review of Cognition, Emotion, and Personality in \nSus domesticus","subtitle":null,"abstract":"While relatively little is known about the psychology of domestic pigs, what is known suggests that pigs are cognitively complex and share many traits with animals whom we consider intelligent. This paper reviews the scientific evidence for cognitive complexity in domestic pigs and, when appropriate, compares this literature with similar findings in other animals, focusing on some of the more compelling and cutting-edge research results. The goals of this paper are to: 1) frame pig cognition and psychology  in a basic comparative context independent of the livestock production and management setting; and 2) identify areas of research with pigs that are particularly compelling and in need of further investigation. We summarize and discuss several areas of comparative psychology, including nonsocial and social cognition, self-awareness, emotion, and personality. We conclude that there are several areas of research in which the findings are suggestive of complex psychology in pigs. We conclude by calling for more noninvasive cognitive and behavioral research with domestic pigs in non-laboratory settings that allow them to express their natural abilities.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"pigs"},{"word":"cognition"},{"word":"livestock"},{"word":"self-awareness"},{"word":"Emotion"},{"word":"Personality"},{"word":"Domestic"},{"word":"Welfare"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sx4s79c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lori","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marino","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Kimmela Center for Animal Advocacy","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Christina","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Colvin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Emory University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-11T15:20:22-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-11T15:20:22-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-11T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5325/galley/3188/download/"}]},{"pk":2691,"title":"An International Student's Perspective: Navigating Identities and Conducting Ethnographic Fieldwork in the U.S.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Researchers that conduct fieldwork outside of their home country oftentimes experience challenges and situations that are not described in textbooks.  While some encounters may be affirmational, other experiences can challenge identities and interrogate assumptions. In this narrative, I recount my experiences as a novice ethnographer.  I am from India and at that time, I was conducting research in an elementary school in the U.S. From the first day of entering the field, I discovered a process of internal transformation.  I hope that by sharing my experience other ethnographers will embrace their own process of reflexivity.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Ethnography, Doctoral student, Student voice, Field work, Special Education"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89f9p2x2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rama","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cousik","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-10-04T15:38:07-04:00","date_accepted":"2013-10-04T15:38:07-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2691/galley/1604/download/"}]},{"pk":2770,"title":"First Freire: Early Writings in Social Justice Education by Carlos Alberto Torres","subtitle":null,"abstract":"NA","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"critical consciousness"},{"word":"Adult Literacy"},{"word":"Liberatory Pedagogy"},{"word":"Participatory Practice"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bd8g8b6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wiksten","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-29T13:52:35-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-29T13:52:35-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2770/galley/1641/download/"}]},{"pk":2742,"title":"From Barbies to Boycotts: How Immigration Raids in Arizona Created a Ten-Year Old Activist","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Increasingly hostile and unpredictable immigration policies can have traumatizing consequences for children of undocumented immigrants. This case study examines the way that increased practices of detention and deportation affect the childhood and adolescence of young people living in an anti-immigrant state like Arizona. Specifically, the life story of Katherine Figueroa during Arizona’s anti-immigrant climate, illustrates the struggle and implications for mixed-status families. The findings demonstrate the extent to which being separated from her parents influenced her mental health and academic life. The themes outlined in this paper suggest that in a continued repressive political context, children’s preoccupations and experiences with family separation are likely to have lasting consequences as these children transition into adulthood. Additionally, this study describes how community organizing, resources, support, and a proactive response to family separation can change the outcomes of parental detention. Findings from this study reveal, for educators, school administrators, counselors, community practitioners, and policy makers, how familial documentation status can have equally complex and lasting consequences for children’s academic, emotional, and physical well-being.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration"},{"word":"Detention/Deportation"},{"word":"Family Separation"},{"word":"Arizona"},{"word":"Children"},{"word":"Community Organizing"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4132f7qf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Silvia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rodriguez Vega","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-31T21:13:52-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-31T21:13:52-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2742/galley/1626/download/"}]},{"pk":2776,"title":"Immigration Outside the Law by Hiroshi Motomura","subtitle":null,"abstract":"NA","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration, Law, Undocumented Immigrants"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rz8s60z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Edwin","middle_name":"H","last_name":"Elias","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Riverside","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-05-11T00:10:46-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-05-11T00:10:46-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2776/galley/1642/download/"}]},{"pk":2779,"title":"Letter from the InterActions Editors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Editor's Note","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nd5r3x5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sayil","middle_name":"","last_name":"Camacho","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alma","middle_name":"Itzé","last_name":"Flores","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of  California Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stacy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wood","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-09T14:06:02-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-09T14:06:02-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2779/galley/1644/download/"}]},{"pk":2768,"title":"Massive Open Online Courses: The MOOC Revolution Edited by Paul Kim","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"MOOCs, Online Learning, Online Teaching, Pedagogy, Openness"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66k2v39p","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Natascha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chtena","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-26T17:33:08-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-26T17:33:08-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2768/galley/1639/download/"}]},{"pk":2778,"title":"Open Standards and the Digital Age: History, Ideology, and Networks by Andrew L. Russell","subtitle":null,"abstract":"NA","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"standards, internet, governance, open"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/19d2h79x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Morgan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Currie","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-05-11T12:24:26-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-05-11T12:24:26-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2778/galley/1643/download/"}]},{"pk":2686,"title":"Revitalizing Higher Education and the Commitment to the Public Good: A Literature Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Neoliberalism stands at odds with the inherent in the mission of higher education, and does not strengthen the public good or promote democracy.  In light of this contrast, the literature review calls for a new conception of the notion of the public good for higher education institutions, rooted in the German philosophical tradition of  the I-though theory as developed by Ludwig Feuerbach.  Multiple works are in conversation with one another, bringing forth relevant pieces of literature and building upon the I-thou framework.  The literature is synthesized and interpreted to construct the I-thou theoretical framework for the advancement of the public good within higher education.  Though the ideas of nineteenth century German philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach are not usually evoked when discussing the public good, his ideas can have a great impact on our understanding of the purposes of higher education and its promotion of the public good.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Public goods, Higher Education, Neoliberalism"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c41r85j","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Angelo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Letizia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Newman University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-08-22T09:45:24-04:00","date_accepted":"2013-08-22T09:45:24-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2686/galley/1601/download/"}]},{"pk":2769,"title":"The Social Machine: Designs for Living Online by Judith Donath","subtitle":null,"abstract":"NA","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"social media, computer history, interface design"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xt0s2b6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Roderic","middle_name":"","last_name":"Crooks","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-04-27T17:45:02-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-04-27T17:45:02-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-10T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2769/galley/1640/download/"}]},{"pk":40563,"title":"Pittura ideista\n: The Spiritual in Divisionist Painting","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Divisionists were a loosely associated group of late nineteenth-century painters intent on creating a distinctly Italian avant-garde. They strove to override current anxieties about backwardness and cultural fragmentation in the recently established, but disconnected, Italian kingdom with a mission underpinned by modernist and nationalist aspirations. Although most of the movements’ members aligned themselves with the political left and were anticlerical, almost all produced canvases with religious or mystical overtones, sometimes undertaking to paint specifically holy subjects. The sources for the majority of these images lay in medieval and Renaissance art. This confluence of a Positivist painting technique (for Divisionism drew on scientific theories of chromatics and optics) and radical politics with anti-materialist and sacred themes, and modern art with historical prototypes, albeit paradoxical, was not an altogether surprising phenomenon in the 1890s, the decade when Symbolist art and revivalist trends thrived and spiritualism and science overlapped. Focusing on their sacred works, this essay explores the cultural context within which the Divisionists pursued spirituality and expressed metaphysical and transcendent ideas. It also demonstrates how the Divisionists negotiated the polarities of tradition and progress present in the post-Unification era and recognized that once they reinterpreted and recast their antecedents’ religious art and Catholic narratives with an empirical painting method and modernist strategies, they could forge new icons of spirituality and respond to nationalist exigencies.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Divisionism"},{"word":"Sacred"},{"word":"Modern Italy"},{"word":"painting"},{"word":"Symbolism"},{"word":"positivism"},{"word":"nationalism"}],"section":"The Sacred and the Visual Arts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78z1j1fb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Vivien","middle_name":"","last_name":"Greene","name_suffix":"","institution":"Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-03T16:00:38-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-03T16:00:38-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-09T21:01:56-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cisj/article/40563/galley/30465/download/"}]},{"pk":40495,"title":"Of Tears and Tarantulas: Folk Religiosity, de Martino’s Ethnology, and the Italian South","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the Italian ethnographer Ernesto de Martino’s investigation of ritual crying in Southern Italy, bringing to the fore the role ethnology was called to play as a new twentieth-century discipline that emerged from the forced encounter between powerful “advanced” nations and societies “without history.”  Ethnology sought to analyze the impact of cultural norms on a world increasingly polarized between the inevitable march towards rational modernity and the appeal of a magical pre-modern time.  For de Martino, in particular, ethnological research on popular religiosity and ritual crying exposed the peculiarities of Italy’s uneven development in the post-war years and became a means through which to rethink the Italian South.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ethnology"},{"word":"de Martino"},{"word":"ritual"},{"word":"Southern Italy"},{"word":"popular religiosity"}],"section":"The Sacred and Popular Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dw8v25r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Simonetta","middle_name":"","last_name":"Falasca Zamponi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Santa Barbara","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-09-02T18:52:31-04:00","date_accepted":"2013-09-02T18:52:31-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-09T19:47:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cisj/article/40495/galley/30432/download/"}]},{"pk":40518,"title":"Il sacro come strumento politico: le elezioni del 1948, la Democrazia Cristiana e i manifesti elettorali","subtitle":null,"abstract":"During the 1948 electoral campaign in Italy, the Christian Democratic Party (DC) used sacred symbolism as a way to win the majority of the votes. With the help of the Catholic Church and Catholic associations, the Christian Democrats employed a number of sacred devices (ceremonies, processions, traditional devotions) to conquer the Italian popular conscience, which was still tied to emotional and irrational religious beliefs and practices. Political posters provide one of the clearest examples of this successful strategy.","language":"it","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Christian Democratic Party"},{"word":"Catholic Church"},{"word":"Elections"},{"word":"democracy"},{"word":"Mass media"},{"word":"Italy"}],"section":"The Sacred and Politics","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xc8172d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rosaria","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leonardi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Independent Scholar","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-04-13T09:14:47-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-04-13T09:14:47-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-09T19:32:27-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cisj/article/40518/galley/30440/download/"}]},{"pk":4730,"title":"Akkadian from Egypt","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Akkadian, an ancient Semitic language from Mesopotamia written in the cuneiform script, wasemployed as a diplomatic lingua franca between the major powers of the Late Bronze Age.Akkadian from Egypt defines the language of the Akkadian texts that originated in Egypt. Thesewere probably written by Egyptian scribes. On various linguistic levels ranging from phonology tomorpho-syntax, Akkadian from Egypt differs from contemporary varieties of Akkadian. In severalcases, these differences can be analyzed as probably representing interferences with Egyptian, thenative language of the scribes. Rather than as an Akkadian dialect, Akkadian from Egypt canthus be characterized as an interlanguage, that is, as an attempt by non-native speakers tocommunicate in a foreign language that they have learned more or less successfully. This is also thereason behind the instability of the system, rule changes, and adjustments.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Akkadian, Amarna"},{"word":"Arts and Humanities"}],"section":"Language, Text and Writing","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8588g9qw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Matthias","middle_name":"","last_name":"Müller","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universität Basel","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-03-30T14:40:17-04:00","date_accepted":"2009-03-30T14:40:17-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-09T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/4730/galley/2662/download/"}]},{"pk":40559,"title":"Sicilian Mafia, Patron Saints, and Religious Processions:The Consistent Face of an Ever-Changing Criminal Organization","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the religious dimension of the Sicilian mafia. The Sicilian mafia, known as Cosa Nostra, has consistently demonstrated the capacity to combine tradition with innovation. It adapts to changing circumstances, modifying its modus operandi accordingly, while maintaining seemingly consistent ‘moral’ codes, ritual practices and a strong reified collective identity. Religion, in particular, appears to be a central component of mafia identity. Instances of this apparently paradoxical phenomenon range from the altars frequently found in the hideouts of mafiosi, to the mafia's ambiguous relationship with clergymen, and to the religious symbols utilised during the ceremony of initiation. Applying theories of ritual and performance to the study of the mafia role in religious festivals, this article examines the effects of the role played by mafiosi in local religious festivals on their individual and collective identity, as well as on the social structure of the group as a whole. Specific attention will be dedicated to how —and whether—these practices have been affected by the recent significant successes in judicial investigations into the mafia, the hardening in the civil society's attitude toward organized crime syndicates, and the progressively firmer stand by the Church against the mafia. The data for analysis are derived from judicial papers, police reports and video footage, together with relevant secondary literature on the subject.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Sicilian Mafia"},{"word":"Catholicism"},{"word":"Sacred"},{"word":"Cosa Nostra"},{"word":"Religious Festivals"},{"word":"performance"},{"word":"identity"},{"word":"authority"}],"section":"The Sacred and Popular Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sz659dn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rossella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Merlino","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Exeter","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-19T07:46:10-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-19T07:46:10-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-07T00:18:05-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cisj/article/40559/galley/30461/download/"}]},{"pk":40565,"title":"Arte sacra futurista\n: Fillia Between Conformity and Subversion","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Futurism and religion are not often associated and the problematic topic of the \nArte sacra futurista \nhas been mostly dismissed as an aberration and/or seen as a sign of the movement’s embrace of fascism, ultimately leading to the movements’ decline. Fillia (pseudonym of Luigi Colombo) was one of the futurist artists who produced paintings on religious themes. This article argues that Fillia used futurist sacred art not in support of Benito Mussolini and fascism, but instead as a means of symbolic protest \"from within” the regime. Fillia’s religious paintings are idiosyncratic, complex, and ultimately much more than the traditional religious images they seem to be. Through a close reading of Fillia’s religious paintings from 1931-1933, analyzed in the context of his written works from 1923-1933, the article demonstrates how his iconography and compositional style question and challenge aspects of fascism, and its attempts to establish itself as a lay religion of the state.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Futurism: Fascism"},{"word":"Sacred"},{"word":"Catholicism"},{"word":"Religious Painting"},{"word":"Fillia"}],"section":"The Sacred and the Visual Arts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kr4x53g","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Adriana","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Baranello","name_suffix":"","institution":"Visiting Scholar, Cornell University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-23T14:58:51-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-23T14:58:51-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-06T20:23:10-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cisj/article/40565/galley/30466/download/"}]},{"pk":2052,"title":"Introduction to Special Issue: Critical Perspectives on Neoliberalism in Second / Foreign Language Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This special issue, Critical perspectives on neoliberalism in second / foreign language education, has arisen from our collective, lived experiences as language teachers, as researchers, and as early career scholars. In particular, it comes from changes we have observed in: how languages are understood and taught; the ways that learners and teachers are constructed; the kinds of knowledge about language learning that is produced through research; and the perceived goals of language study within a larger framework of the increased privatization of education. As we noticed the extent to which neoliberal discourse—the discourse of the marketplace—has seeped into these various practices, we came to realize how much it has influenced our own constructions of ourselves, of our learners, and of knowledge itself. It occurred to us that a critical engagement with neoliberalism could help us to examine the changes we were living and to understand our concerns with these experiences.\nIn this introduction, we address the following central questions: What is neoliberalism? What does neoliberalism have to do with education, and specifically, with second/foreign language education? Why are we taking a critical perspective and what does this look like? We situate our responses to these questions within the field of applied linguistics and place them in dialogue with the articles in this issue. We begin by defining neoliberalism and articulating our goals for this special issue; next, we delve into how these manuscripts intersect with previous research. We conclude with an outline of the manuscripts that comprise the issue and an examination of the paradoxes and contradictions brought to light—and critical spaces opened up—by the special issue as a whole.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"neoliberalism, second / foreign language learning, critical perspectives"}],"section":"Preface and Introduction to the Special Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xp597qb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Katie","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Bernstein","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Emily","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Hellmich","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Noah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Katznelson","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jaran","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shin","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kimberly","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vinall","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-02T12:13:34-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-02T12:13:34-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T20:14:09-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2052/galley/1351/download/"}]},{"pk":43596,"title":"Selective Serum IgA Deficiency (sIgAD)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02g2f62r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amruti","middle_name":"","last_name":"Borad","name_suffix":"D.O.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Hyunah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Poa","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-05T19:17:53-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43596/galley/32401/download/"}]},{"pk":2018,"title":"Neoliberalism, Universities and the Discourse of Crisis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Neoliberal ideology has enjoyed tremendous success over the past thirty-five years by discursively suppressing structural dissent among working and middle class citizens of industrialized countries. The general decline in economic conditions faced by contemporary workers, coupled with the 2008 global financial crisis, forced neoliberal advocates to become more aggressive in their defense of prevailing structural policies and precepts. The suppression of public dissent and the related implementation of austerity measures are frequently justified by a discourse of crisis. In this article and using the methodological as well as theoretical tools afforded by Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), we trace the rise of this discourse within universities as a mechanism to justify attacks on academic freedom, collegial governance, and democratic discourse. We also offer a SFL-inspired tool that critical language educators might employ to counter the neoliberal attack on universities as sites of democratic dialogue and debate.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"post neoliberalism, critical linguisitics, discourse of crisis"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gx093rz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrés","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ramírez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Florida Atlantic University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Emery","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hyslop-Margison","name_suffix":"","institution":"Florida Atlantic University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-10T20:21:11-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-10T20:21:11-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:33:44-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2018/galley/1329/download/"}]},{"pk":2019,"title":"In the Face of Neoliberal Adversity: Engaging Language Education Policy and Practices","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Recent engaged approaches to language policy and practices (Davis 2014) suggest the urgent need for “on the ground” analyses of how global forces, such as neoliberalism, can and do impact local human welfare. An engaged approach further argues for moving away from simply reporting findings towards portraying dialogic processes that are always in a state of evolving and shifting meanings through growing awareness of changing local, national, and global conditions.  We more specifically describe here engaged language education policy making that draws teachers, students, parents, and communities into dialogic exploration of ineffective and marginalizing language policies and practices. This approach promotes counterpublic discourses that challenge dominant neoliberal ideologies while supporting practices that meet local language, education, economic, and human welfare needs.  Engaged processes effectively suggest local determination of schooling that recognizes language/identity fluidity and multiplicity while upholding the agency of all participants.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Neoliberalism, engaged language policy and planning, ideology, multilingual education, counterpublic discourses"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23b8g99d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kathryn","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Davis","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Hawai`i","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Prem","middle_name":"","last_name":"Phyak","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Hawai`i","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-11T13:35:12-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-11T13:35:12-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:32:55-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2019/galley/1330/download/"}]},{"pk":2024,"title":"The Coloniality of Neoliberal English: The Enduring Structures of American Colonial English Instruction in the Philippines and Puerto Rico","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article highlights two relationships in regards to neoliberalism and second language. First, it examines the connection between English and neoliberalism. It focuses on the idea of English as a global language and the linguistic instrumentalism (Kubota, 2011; Wee, 2003) of English as a necessary tool for economic viability in the globalized market. Second, it explores this relationship by tracing English in the contemporary neoliberal context to the history of English as an element of overseas colonial rule. It employs Peruvian sociologist Anibal Quijano’s notion of coloniality of power (2000) to illustrate that the colonial context of neoliberal global English serves not merely as a historical legacy but as an enduring structure of oppressive power that continues to establish hierarchical difference through linguistic othering.\nThis article highlights the historical context of colonial English instruction to demonstrate how English imposition served as the foundation for the neoliberal privileging of English as a global language. Specifically, it presents the cases of American colonial English instruction in Puerto Rico and the Philippines as a developmental link to the current neoliberal status of global English. It illuminates how American colonial administrations established English instruction in a manner that mystified its imposed nature and the context of conquest. This article thus depicts both how English is bound with neoliberalism and how claims of global English’s neutrality belie the historic colonial inequalities, which created the conditions for its existence. It concludes with an examination of the coloniality of global English and the enduring colonial structures of hierarchical difference established through English.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Global english, coloniality, colonialism, Philippines, Puerto Rico"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27t3v8st","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Funie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hsu","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Davis","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-16T08:26:55-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-16T08:26:55-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:32:09-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2024/galley/1333/download/"}]},{"pk":2022,"title":"Neoliberal Discourses and the Local Policy Implementation of an English Literacy and Civics Education Program","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The issue of language, specifically access to English, has emerged as a key concern for both U.S. policy-makers and immigrant communities alike. Many of these debates are framed by neoliberal and human capital perspectives, which view English as a set of skills and linguistic capital that are inextricably tied to employment opportunities and economic mobility. It is within this socio-historical, political, and discursive space that adult English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) classes are envisioned, developed, and implemented in various communities across the U.S. For decades, the federal government had allocated monies for states to fund programs that linked teaching English with the teaching of job readiness and workplace skills. In 1999, however, the Clinton administration launched a $70 million state grants program that integrated English literacy with civics education (EL/Civics). This was a clear departure from language education policies that positioned adult immigrants simply as workers who needed the linguistic skills to participate in the labor system.\nThis paper argues that despite the purported aim to link English language instruction with broader notions of civic and political participation, a neoliberal agenda finds its way into the local implementation of the EL/Civics policy. Informed by poststructural and sociocultural theories as well as a transnational perspective, this paper draws on data from a 10-month ethnographic study of an EL/Civics program in Queens, NY. I employed ethnographic data collection methods such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and audio-recorded classroom discourse. Guided by the following questions, the analysis focuses on how neoliberal discourses insinuate themselves into the organizational practices and classroom interactions of an EL/Civics program: How are neoliberal discourses both taken up and interrogated by adult immigrant students? How do neoliberal discourses interact with enduring narratives of immigration? This work adds to the growing research on the critical role that language teachers and language learners play in responding to and remaking policies in their classrooms—a process that is mediated by actors’ identities, local contexts, and widely-circulating discourses of immigration and neoliberal logic. The paper concludes with a discussion of how we can begin to rethink EL/Civics programs and approaches and provide an alternative to the neoliberal model of adult English language education.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"neoliberalism, discourse, immigration, language learners, figured worlds"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28h0b0bq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Dina","middle_name":"","last_name":"López","name_suffix":"","institution":"The City College of New York, CUNY","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-15T15:43:56-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-15T15:43:56-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:31:34-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2022/galley/1332/download/"}]},{"pk":2020,"title":"Space and Language Learning under the Neoliberal Economy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Neoliberalism, as an ideology that valorizes and institutionalizes market-based freedom and individual entrepreneurship, derives from the logic of highly advanced capitalism, and thus must be understood in relation to the material conditions of our capitalist economy. One such material condition is space. However, the intersection of space and neoliberalism is yet to be explored in detail within the field of applied linguistics. This lacuna impedes our understanding of the social and geographical embeddedness of language, in particular the dialectic between language learning and political economy. The key question we address in this paper is: how are trajectories of language learning under the neoliberal economy shaped in spatial terms? Through looking at two cases—the re-invention of the countryside village of Yangshuo as the biggest English corner in China and the Korean phenomena of jogi yuhak [early study abroad]—we argue 1) that a heightened awareness of the link between language learning, space, and mobility will allow us to explore the material constraints and inequalities of language learning with greater sensitivity, and 2) that a focus on the spatial grounding of language learning can allow applied linguistics to make a unique contribution to the critique of neoliberalism.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"language learning, neoliberalism, space, education, China, South Korea"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mb2f08z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shuang","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gao","name_suffix":"","institution":"National University of Singapore","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joseph","middle_name":"Sung-Yul","last_name":"Park","name_suffix":"","institution":"National University of Singapore","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-14T02:46:30-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-14T02:46:30-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:30:32-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2020/galley/1331/download/"}]},{"pk":2026,"title":"Language Learning as a Struggle for Distinction in Today’s Corporate Recruitment Culture: An Ethnographic Study of English Study Abroad Practices among South Korean Undergraduates","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Young adults in South Korea are encouraged to constantly develop their skills and qualifications to meet the challenges posed by the job market in the country’s neoliberal post-IMF crisis economy. This paper examines the ways in which changes in South Korea’s labor market and corporate recruitment culture have affected the ideologies and practices of the country’s youth with regard to the English language. By drawing on Bourdieu’s concept of distinction and specifying the processes of distinction into replacement, opposition, and addition, this paper clarifies the ideological construction and effects of oral communicative competence in English through an ethnographic analysis of post-secondary learners studying English in a study abroad context. Influenced by South Korea’s recruitment culture, these learners distinguish primarily between learning English for standardized tests in South Korea and learning English for authentic communication while studying abroad. However, the efforts of learners who have studied abroad to develop their oral English skills bear limited fruit in South Korea’s recruitment culture, which does not fully appreciate the value of the job seeker’s experience of having studied English abroad. Thus, the limits of distinction function to impose the burden of English learning on individual learners.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nb0q2d4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"In Chull","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-20T16:06:46-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-20T16:06:46-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:29:51-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2026/galley/1334/download/"}]},{"pk":2027,"title":"“More & Earlier”: Neoliberalism and Primary English Education in Mexican Public Schools","subtitle":null,"abstract":"As global English expands, developing countries feel the pressure that, in order to remain globally competitive, they must increase the number of people with English proficiency.  In response, many countries have significantly expanded English instruction in public schools by implementing primary English language teaching (PELT) programs.  This is particularly true in countries in Southeast Asia and Latin America, where national Ministries of Education have taken a “more & earlier” approach, integrating English into the public primary curriculum.  Children start learning English younger and study the language more during their basic education.  The author argues that this language education policy shift toward expanding English in the public education curricula in developing countries is best understood as a shift from past models of elite English bilingualism to policies intended to support the macroacquisition, or general proficiency in English.  The rationale for this policy change is framed in terms of the “modernization” and “internationalization” of a country’s public education system, and hence should be understood as part of the response to align education curricula and programs with neoliberal policies.  The author examines Mexico’s recent national English program for public primary schools as a case study in the implementation of neoliberal language policy.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Primary English language teaching (PELT), Mexico, public schools, neoliberalism, more &amp"},{"word":"earlier"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fr9w0gv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sayer","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-22T13:04:03-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-22T13:04:03-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:29:05-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2027/galley/1335/download/"}]},{"pk":2028,"title":"Mapping Conceptual Change: The Ideological Struggle for the Meaning of EFL in Uruguayan Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Neoliberal ideology attempts to make all spheres of social life play by the rules of the market (Gray, 2000), and foreign language teaching is not an exception. The hegemonic role of English in the neoliberal project breeds it as a commodity that can satisfy non-native speakers' need to access the globalized world. In the 1990s, neoliberalism dominated the sociopolitical landscape of most Latin American countries. At the time, language policies in Uruguay sought to make English the foreign language par excellence, to the detriment of other languages such as French and Italian. The discourse of neoliberal language policies related the expansion of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) to a new global order that called for an instrumental language to help Uruguay become “a first world country,” and English was the key to open doors to globalization. During the first decade of the 21st century, however, the sociopolitical landscape of Uruguay shifted toward a left-wing ideology. Even though policies continued to promote EFL, they struggled to re-define its political meaning. As English was now seen as a symbol of imperialism (Phillipson, 1992) and colonialism (Pennycook, 1994, 1998, 2000), the only way for Uruguayan children to be critical of its hegemonic power was to learn the language through a pedagogy of empowerment. In this paper, I argue that the transition from neoliberal to left-wing ideology in central government brought about a political struggle (Koselleck, 1993, 2002) in which each ideology fought to (re)define EFL in its own terms. I will map this political struggle to define EFL in Uruguay by analyzing three official EFL-related documents written by policy makers and other stakeholders in the 1990s and 2000s, which represent the voices of neoliberal and left-wing policy makers, respectively.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"conceptual change, discourse, EFL, language policy, Uruguay"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7x30w26x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"German","middle_name":"","last_name":"Canale","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carnegie Mellon University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-02T10:53:47-04:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-02T10:53:47-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:28:26-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2028/galley/1336/download/"}]},{"pk":2054,"title":"Preface to the Special Issue","subtitle":null,"abstract":"I am delighted to introduce this fifth special issue of L2 Journal, titled Critical Perspectives on Neoliberalism in Second/Foreign Language Education, guest-edited by five doctoral students from UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Education: Katie Bernstein, Emily Hellmich, Noah Katznelson, Jaran Shin, and Kimberly Vinall.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Preface and Introduction to the Special Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sk8g6hv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Claire","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kramsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-06-03T16:37:40-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-06-03T16:37:40-04:00","date_published":"2015-06-05T16:26:42-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2054/galley/1352/download/"}]},{"pk":43597,"title":"Cirrhosis Secondary to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8t12x0gk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amruti","middle_name":"","last_name":"Borad","name_suffix":"D.O.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Michelle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sangalang","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-04T22:48:43-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43597/galley/32402/download/"}]},{"pk":5335,"title":"Exploring Potential Mechanisms Underlying  the Lack of Uncertainty Monitoring in Capuchin Monkeys","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In a widely used animal-metacognition paradigm, monkeys are positively reinforced with food for correct classifications of stimuli as sparse or dense and punished with timeouts for incorrect responses, but they also have access to an “uncertainty” response that moves them to the next trial without either of these forms of feedback. Rhesus monkeys use this uncertainty response most often for trials on which they are at greatest risk for making an error, suggesting that they are monitoring their ability to make these classifications. Capuchin monkeys do not succeed to the same degree on these tasks—conceivably as a result of differential contingencies in place between the sparse/dense responses (food delivery or timeout) and the uncertainty response (avoidance of a timeout but also no chance for food reward).  Here, we used a novel variation of this task in which the outcomes of the three response classes (sparse, dense, uncertain) were functionally equivalent. All responses simply determined the delay interval before presentation of a second task (matching-to-sample), and that task yielded potential food rewards.  Overall, capuchin monkeys used the dense and sparse responses appropriately, including some animals that had no prior experience in performing this classification task.  However, none used the uncertainty response appropriately even when it was placed on the same contingency plane as the dense and sparse responses.  This suggests that the failure of capuchin monkeys to use an uncertainty response is not the result of that response producing a qualitatively different outcome compared to the dense and sparse responses.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"metacognition"},{"word":"Uncertainty Monitoring"},{"word":"Capuchin Monkeys"},{"word":"Negative Reinforcement"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7g97q4k4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bonnie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Perdue","name_suffix":"","institution":"Agnes Scott College","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Barbara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Church","name_suffix":"","institution":"University at Buffalo, The State University of New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"J. David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"","institution":"University at Buffalo, The State University of New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Beran","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgia State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-05T13:37:51-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-05T13:37:51-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-02T21:51:12-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5335/galley/3195/download/"}]},{"pk":43595,"title":"Profound Pancytopenia and Bullous Skin Eruption after Brentuximab Vedotin","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zr5t337","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yi-Kong","middle_name":"","last_name":"Keung","name_suffix":"M.D., FACP","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Lap-Woon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Keung","name_suffix":"B.Sc.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Eddie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hu","name_suffix":"M.D., FACP","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-02T19:16:32-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43595/galley/32400/download/"}]},{"pk":43594,"title":"Drowning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ms273bp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Irawan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Susanto","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Joanne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bando","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-06-02T19:14:52-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43594/galley/32399/download/"}]},{"pk":5336,"title":"Assessment of Demand for Food under Concurrent PR and FR Schedules in the Brushtail Possum (\nTrichosurus Vulpecula\n)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the demand by possums for foods under different arrangements of concurrent progressive-ratio and fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, every possible food pair made up of berries, chicken, egg, foliage, insects and mushroom was presented (30 pairs in total). The requirement on the progressive-ratio schedule increased within a session and the fixed-ratio was kept constant at 30. In Experiment 2, a subset of the foods from Experiment 1 were used (chicken, mushroom, egg and berries) and in separate conditions the fixed-ratio was either 30 or 10 responses. In Experiment 3, the foods were the same as used in Experiment 2 and the progressive-ratio schedule increased every five sessions and the fixed-ratio schedule was 30 responses. Exponential models of demand were applied to consumption rates to compare the parameters of initial demand, essential value and \nP\nmax, and break point and cross point across foods. The models described the data well and consumption rates were similar when the incrementing schedules increased within- and across sessions. Demand was highest for berries, egg and locust in Experiment 1 and egg and chicken in Experiments 2 and 3. This finding has practical implications for understanding possum food preferences in the wild as a function of other available food sources.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Progressive Ratio"},{"word":"Fixed Ratio"},{"word":"Concurrent"},{"word":"Food Preference, Lever"},{"word":"Brushtail Possum"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ng716nq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kristie","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Cameron","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Waikato, New Zealand.","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Lewis","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Bizo","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Waikato, New Zealand.","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nicola","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Starkey","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Waikato, New Zealand.","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-16T14:47:00-05:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-16T14:47:00-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-02T16:10:01-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5336/galley/3196/download/"}]},{"pk":5348,"title":"Adaptive memory in humans from a comparative perspective","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Testing hypotheses about evolved psychological adaptations is the purview of human evolutionary psychology (HEP). A basic tenet of HEP is that the brain is comprised of specialized modules that evolved in response to selection pressures present in ancestral environments, and these modules support domain specific behavioral and cognitive processes that promoted survival and reproductive fitness during human evolutionary history. One set of cognitive domains involves learning and memory, and HEP has attempted to account for how evolutionary processes have shaped the design features supporting how humans acquire, store and retrieve information.  Similarly, comparative psychology recognizes that cognitive traits of humans and animals are specialized to meet specific environmental challenges. However, these specializations are not regarded as species-specific, but rather reflect either adaptive modifications of general memory processes (e.g., episodic), or are processes that support a specific type of learning (e.g., taste aversions, imprinting, song learning). These alternatives to HEP emphasize the presence of quantitative rather than qualitative differences in learning and memory abilities. The goal of this paper is to examine these contrasting approaches of HEP and comparative psychology, and, using the survival processing effect (Nairne, Thompson, & Pandeirada, 2007, 2008) as an example, evaluate the plausibility of domain-specific adaptive hypotheses of human memory.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"adaptive memory, comparative psychology, episodic memory"}],"section":"Special Issue on Biological Constraints on Learning","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6v66z8x1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mark","middle_name":"","last_name":"Krause","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Psychology, Southern Oregon University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-09T17:31:04-05:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-09T17:31:04-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-02T15:35:08-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5348/galley/3206/download/"}]},{"pk":4765,"title":"Transition 18th–19th dynasty","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The transition between the 18th and 19th Dynasties, a period beginning with the reign of Aye and concluding with the reign of Sety I, represents the conclusion to the tumultuous Amarna Period and the beginning of the stability and prosperity of the following Ramesside Period. The rule of individuals coming from non-royal families—Aye, Horemheb, and Ramesses I—gives way to a strong dynastic succession with Sety I. Limited monumental construction during the short reigns of Aye and Ramesses I can be contrasted with the extensive building at Karnak during the reign of Horemheb and the impressive construction program of Sety I throughout Egypt. Foreign policy in Syria-Palestine and Nubia during the reign of Sety I reinforce Egypt’s imperial domination of those regions, and larger geo-political conflicts are dominated by the rise of the Hittite Empire. In the cultural sphere, the transition between the 18th and 19th Dynasties reversed the revolutionary changes enacted by Akhenaten, although traces of that period remained in artistic representation, the expression of personal piety, and even the language of monumental inscriptions.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Amarna Period"},{"word":"Horemheb"},{"word":"Aye"},{"word":"Sety I"},{"word":"restoration"}],"section":"Time and History","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0b9005fw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Colleen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Manassa Darnell","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-12-11T18:57:06-05:00","date_accepted":"2009-12-11T18:57:06-05:00","date_published":"2015-06-02T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/4765/galley/2680/download/"}]},{"pk":52673,"title":"Affirmative Action in the UC System","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"University of California History"},{"word":"student movement"}],"section":"Capstone Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/11r3c3fk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Donovan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Riley","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-05-31T17:50:37-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-05-31T17:50:37-04:00","date_published":"2015-05-31T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52673/galley/39727/download/"}]},{"pk":52671,"title":"Age of the Sky Giants: The Rise and Fall of Airships","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. 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You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Jamaican guestworkers"},{"word":"Immigration"},{"word":"Hahamovitch"}],"section":"Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rp7d15b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Langer","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-05-31T17:18:55-04:00","date_accepted":"2015-05-31T17:18:55-04:00","date_published":"2015-05-31T03:00:00-04:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52659/galley/39713/download/"}]}]}