{"count":39542,"next":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=24300","previous":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=24100","results":[{"pk":2039,"title":"Introduction to Special Issue: Literary Translingualism: Multilingual Identity and Creativity","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The guest editors introduce L2Journal readers to an emerging field of translingual literature--texts by authors using more than one language or a language other than their primary one. The diverse contributions by scholars of literary translingualism presented here contribute to multilingualism studies a unique lens of literary texts infused by multilingual creativity.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"literary translingualism, multilingual identity, creativity"}],"section":"Preface and Introduction to the Special Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tp862z8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Natasha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lvovich","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kingsborough Community College, CUNY","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"G","last_name":"Kellman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Texas at San-Antonio","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-12-15T21:41:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-12-15T21:41:04+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-16T02:30:07+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2039/galley/1344/download/"}]},{"pk":2048,"title":"General Editor's Preface","subtitle":null,"abstract":"It is my great pleasure to introduce the two guest editors of this fourth Special Issue of L2 Journal Steven G. Kellman and Natasha Lvovich. I had known Steven’s work through his two path-breaking books on writers who write in multiple languages or in a language that is not their own: The Translingual Imagination (2000) and Switching Languages: Translingual Writers Reflect on Their Craft (2003). I knew Natasha’s beautiful autobiographical memoir The Multilingual Self (1997) in which she takes the reader through her experiences learning French, Italian, and English, and her experiences with synesthesia, i.e., seeing the sounds of her various languages in colored images of the mind. After the publication of my Multilingual Subject (2009), Natasha approached me with a paper on synesthesia that we then published in L2 Journal volume 4 issue 2 (2012). When in Fall 2013, she and Steven then offered to coordinate a special issue of the journal on Literary Translingualism: Multilingual Identity and Creativity, we were honored and delighted.\nThis issue, put together with the passion and the love for languages that characterize the work of the two guest editors, offers a unique collection of research papers, personal testimonies, review articles, and creative pieces as well as a rich bibliography on the topic of literary translingualism. Together they give us a glimpse of the multifaceted artistic productions of translingual poets, novelists, and playwrights, and their emotional and ideological resonances. For applied linguists, this special issue should be of particular relevance, as it brings together literary and linguistic perspectives on a multilingual literacy that has been studied up to now mainly on non-literary texts. By adding to the sensibility of the multilingual subject also the poetic and literary sensibility, the authors presented here add a humanistic dimension to the field of Applied Linguistics - a field that has been seen up to now as located mainly in the social sciences.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Preface and Introduction to the Special Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s24q4wn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Claire","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kramsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-16T02:20:48+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-16T02:20:48+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-16T02:26:38+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2048/galley/1350/download/"}]},{"pk":43674,"title":"Cat Bugs vs Brain Cancer: The Diagnostic Difficulties of Distinguishing between Toxoplasma Encephalitis and Primary CNS Lymphoma in an AIDS Patient","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8v37x6gk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ivana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jankovic","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Anish","middle_name":"","last_name":"Desai","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-02-15T18:51:07+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43674/galley/32479/download/"}]},{"pk":2740,"title":"Decriminal(I.C.E.)d","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Poem","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"poetry, immigration, undocumented"}],"section":"Exhibition Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14c9b85x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Silvia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rodriguez Vega","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-01T01:58:59+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-01T01:58:59+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2740/galley/1624/download/"}]},{"pk":2743,"title":"EDUCACIÓN","subtitle":null,"abstract":"EDUCACIÓN is a piece that brings my work as an artist, educator, activist, and scholar together. It is a re-interpretation of the original border crossing sign displayed on the Interstate 5 near the San Diego-Tijuana border.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"art education, education, critical art education"}],"section":"Special Section Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8h56z1cr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Luis","middle_name":"Genaro","last_name":"Garcia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Claremont Graduate University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-06T04:01:56+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-06T04:01:56+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2743/galley/1627/download/"}]},{"pk":2748,"title":"Educators for Immigrant Rights","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Educators for Immigrant Rights\n is a visual representation of the Los Angeles community organization, Educators for Immigrant Rights (EIR).  EIR is a collective of education advocates ranging from students, professors, district administrators, policy makers and activists from a number of Southern California counties.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Special Section Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18t3w2qd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Luis","middle_name":"Genaro","last_name":"Garcia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Claremont Graduate University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-06T04:29:54+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-06T04:29:54+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2748/galley/1630/download/"}]},{"pk":2761,"title":"How Race Is Made in America: Immigration, Citizenship, and the Historical Power of Racial Scripts by Natalia Molina","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Natalia Molina presents a critical analysis of the period 1924-1965 in U.S. immigration policy and provides an opportunity for readers to examine the racialization of Mexicans in the United States and its impact on immigration legislation and naturalization.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration"},{"word":"citizenship, racial scripts"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g51s7gx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lucy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Guevara-Velez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kalamazoo College","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-07T19:40:34+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-07T19:40:34+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2761/galley/1636/download/"}]},{"pk":2765,"title":"Immigration and Documentation: An Interdisciplinary Research Approach","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Letter from the Guest Editors","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Editor's Note","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3062540r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Patricia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Garcia","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Marco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Murillo","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-13T22:57:53+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-13T22:57:53+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2765/galley/1638/download/"}]},{"pk":2756,"title":"International Education and Schools: Moving Beyond the First 40 Years edited by Richard Pearce","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This book review explores the 2013 text that was edited by Richard Pearce: \nInternational Education and Schools: Moving Beyond the First 40 Years (2013).","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"international education"},{"word":"International schools"},{"word":"International baccalaureate organization"},{"word":"Globalization"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08f903cd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lillo","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-23T05:34:10+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-23T05:34:10+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2756/galley/1634/download/"}]},{"pk":2764,"title":"Letter from the InterActions Editors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Letter from InterActions Editors","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Editor's Note","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17b0r88w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sayil","middle_name":"","last_name":"Camacho","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alma Itzé","middle_name":"","last_name":"Flores","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stacy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wood","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-13T22:51:23+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-13T22:51:23+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2764/galley/1637/download/"}]},{"pk":2751,"title":"Performance, Identity and Immigration Law: A Theatre of Undocumentedness","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Immigration issues carry multiple opportunities and problems manifesting differently for number of groups, creating tension, inspiring passion, and thus rendering these issues politically difficult. As people move across borders into the United States, legal frameworks divide individuals into reductive categories of documented immigrants and undocumented non-citizens. Gad Guterman, Head of the Theatre Studies and Dramaturgy Program at the Conservatory Theatre of Arts at Webster University, provides in his first book a detailed discursive analysis of theatrical works to illustrate how legal language defines identity of those dealing with situations of undocumentedness. Guterman has spent nearly 20 years writing, directing and teaching theatre, focusing on relationships between theater and the law. The object of analysis in this book is a “theatre of undocumentedness”, a theatre movement with many historical antecedents that has been circulating through small playhouses in southern border cities, Chicago and New York City since 2006. He addresses a number of the more well-known pieces that he considers to fit into the theatre of undocumentedness—by Josefina López, Culture Clash, Arthur Miller and Michael John Gárces, among others.\n \nGuterman’s compelling examination the discursive aspects relating to labor, family, sexuality and gender identity in correlation to legal statuses present in the theatre of undocumentedness illustrates the realities that exist between illegal and legal, citizen and non-citizen on the contemporary American stage. In creating performative sphere of existence, these theatrical performances often succeed not just in calling attention to, but also in subverting legal identities, opening categories of identification to encompass the variety of ways in which individuals exist in the world.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration"},{"word":"Immigration Law"},{"word":"Theatre"},{"word":"Performativity"},{"word":"identity"},{"word":"Law"},{"word":"Directing"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nk9j6hp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Britt","middle_name":"","last_name":"Paris","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-25T02:46:41+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-25T02:46:41+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2751/galley/1632/download/"}]},{"pk":2741,"title":"Reflecting upon the Role of Memory in Meeting the Information Needs of Indigenous Mexican Migrants- The Memory Making Space of the Mixteco-Indígena Community Organizing Project (MICOP)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article aims to identify the role of memory in meeting the information needs of Mexican indigenous populations who have migrated to the United States.  Using archival repository material such as newspaper clippings and event flyers pertaining to the work of the Mixteco/Indígena Community Organizing Project (MICOP), I draw upon the ways that language and embodied experiences can be used by community organizations as mediators between diasporic groups and larger societies in which they are situated.  Through this material, I conclude that cultural aspects like language and traditional festivals can be used to help provide economic and social assistance to migrant communities, as well as work to educate the greater community about diasporic groups, respectively.  Institutions serving migrant communities like MICOP need to use cultural memory actively to support the diaspora in the present context as a means to preserve and ensure continuity of these traditions.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0jz1g26x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Javier","middle_name":"Sepulveda","last_name":"Garibay","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-01T02:05:47+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-01T02:05:47+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2741/galley/1625/download/"}]},{"pk":2753,"title":"Sacrificing Families: Navigating Laws, Labor, and Love Across Borders by Leisy Abrego","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Leisy Abrego’s book, \nSacrificing Families: Navigating Laws, Labor, and Love Across Border \ndraws from the lived experiences of Salvadoran parents residing in the US and of their children who remain back home. Abrego eloquently weaves the narratives of transnational families together, while connecting them to the broader political and social context that continues to shape immigration policies. Instead of reinforcing discourses regarding Central American immigrants, Abrego urges us to pay attention to the intersectionalities of immigration policies and gender norms, and how these interplay to allow only a small group of migrants to improve their lives.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Family reunification"},{"word":"Child migration"},{"word":"Central American migrants"},{"word":"Immigration policies"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1sw109z8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Martha","middle_name":"Maria","last_name":"Ortega","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Santa Cruz","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-17T08:56:49+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-17T08:56:49+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2753/galley/1633/download/"}]},{"pk":2739,"title":"\"This is what is happening to my students\": Using Book Talk to Mediate Teacher Discussion on Immigration and Social Justice","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Teaching is political and occurs in a milieu that is often harsh and unsympathetic to immigrant communities; schools and educators are indispensable in helping immigrant children navigate the often stressful process. Drawing on literature related to teacher caring as a source of social capital, critical and culturally relevant pedagogy, and book talk, this article focuses on two Latina in-service teachers from the U.S.-Mexico border participating in discussions of \nReturn to Sender\n by Julia Alvarez (2009). The novel is a contribution to the current political climate on immigration.  In their discussion, the teachers made connections to their students lives, community, and larger discourse on immigration. Additionally, they examined the role of teachers in supporting acceptance of immigrant communities.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration, Teacher Education, Literacy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w93f1q7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christian","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Zúñiga","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Texas at Austin","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-31T19:55:36+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-31T19:55:36+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2739/galley/1623/download/"}]},{"pk":2758,"title":"Undocumented: How Immigration Became Illegal by Aviva Chomsky","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Book review of Undocumented:  How Immigration Became Illegal by Aviva Chomsky.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration"},{"word":"Latino Studies"},{"word":"History"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3q56g56d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ender, Jr.","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alex","middle_name":"","last_name":"Reyes","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Beth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Coleman","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Lorena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gatlin","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Juan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Carrillo","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-22T22:14:31+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-22T22:14:31+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2758/galley/1635/download/"}]},{"pk":2750,"title":"Virtual homelands: Indian Immigrants and Online Cultures in the United States by Madhavi Mallapragada","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Book review \nVirtual homelands: Indian Immigrants\n \nand Online Cultures in the United States\n,\n \nby Madhavi Mallapragada.\n \nChampaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2014. 179 pp.\n \nISBN: 978-0-252-08022-7","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Post-colonial studies"},{"word":"Online diaspora"},{"word":"Online community"},{"word":"Race and Identity"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3v3175nz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Irene","middle_name":"Veronica","last_name":"Pasquetto","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-22T23:43:18+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-22T23:43:18+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-14T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2750/galley/1631/download/"}]},{"pk":2744,"title":"An Oral History of the Justice for Janitors Movement: On Trauma, Central America, and the Undocumented","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The article details the experience of conducting an oral history project on the Justice for Janitors movement in Los Angeles. In particular, the piece focuses on the recounting of sensitive material and the legal process behind interviewing undocumented workers. In the case of the former, many of the interviewees were in Guatemala and El Salvador during their respective civil wars. The article looks at best practices for oral historians when dealing with interview subjects that have suffered great trauma. In the case of the latter, the article looks at the many obstacles regarding interviewing undocumented workers. While some protections are available to ensure the confidentiality of interview subjects, their legal reliability is still largely unknown.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Oral history, immigration, labor, Justice for Janitors"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24g3b8t2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gomez","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-11-02T19:36:42+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-11-02T19:36:42+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-13T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2744/galley/1628/download/"}]},{"pk":2736,"title":"“It’s Not Just a Latino Issue”: Policy Recommendations to Better Support a Racially Diverse Population of Undocumented Students","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Even though almost a quarter of undocumented immigrants are not of Latina/o origin, most academic research and institutional support policies have heavily emphasized the experiences and needs of Latina/o undocumented students. This report highlights the experiences of non-Latina/o undocumented college students in an effort to provide insight into how educators, organizers, and interested stakeholders can better support the needs of a racially diverse undocumented student population. We find that the racialization of undocumented immigration as a Latina/o issue differentiates the experiences of Latina/o and non-Latina/o undocumented students by creating disparities in their access to material resources and social support. Building upon these findings, we draw specific policy recommendations that will help better support all undocumented students’ access to and persistence in higher education.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"undocumented students, education, Latina/o, Asian Pacific Islander"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m13j6tm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carlos","middle_name":"F","last_name":"Salinas Velasco","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Trisha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mazumder","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Laura","middle_name":"E","last_name":"Enriquez","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-31T18:45:29+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-31T18:45:29+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-13T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/2736/galley/1622/download/"}]},{"pk":43677,"title":"Graves’ Disease with Leukopenia and Microcytosis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qw6x6cb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lucie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brining, M.D.","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Rumi","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Cader","name_suffix":"M.D., MPH, FACP","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-02-12T18:56:10+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43677/galley/32482/download/"}]},{"pk":52645,"title":"Arsenal Of Chemistry: The Haber Bosch Process and the Great War","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"First World War"},{"word":"Nitrogen fixation"},{"word":"Chemistry"},{"word":"Haber Bosch"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d1768q0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"O'Connor","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:43:09+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:43:09+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52645/galley/39699/download/"}]},{"pk":52641,"title":"Bounded Empires: Ecological and Geographic Implications in Sino- Tangut Relations, 960-1127","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Tangut"},{"word":"Xi Xia"},{"word":"Western Xia"},{"word":"ecology"},{"word":"Geography"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96h3q8fx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rocco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bowman","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:34:47+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:34:47+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52641/galley/39695/download/"}]},{"pk":52639,"title":"Front Matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Forematter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5p0555wh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Havilliah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Malsbury","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:30:29+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:30:29+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52639/galley/39693/download/"}]},{"pk":52643,"title":"Hidden Histories and the Appropriation of the Holocaust in the American Narrative","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Holocaust"},{"word":"American Newspapers"},{"word":"narrative"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09w878vf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Weston","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:39:17+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:39:17+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52643/galley/39697/download/"}]},{"pk":52640,"title":"Letter from the Editors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Forematter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22v5j2qq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Havilliah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Malsbury","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:32:01+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:32:01+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52640/galley/39694/download/"}]},{"pk":52644,"title":"The American Empire in the Congo: The Assassination of Patrice Lumumba","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Africa"},{"word":"Congo"},{"word":"Cold War"},{"word":"Lumumba"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bw9c3bs","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Langer","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:41:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:41:04+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52644/galley/39698/download/"}]},{"pk":52649,"title":"The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Southeast Asia"},{"word":"Zomia"},{"word":"Scott"}],"section":"Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/170811w8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"O'Connor","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:54:41+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:54:41+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52649/galley/39703/download/"}]},{"pk":52646,"title":"The Huntsville Gazette: The African American Perspective","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"reconstruction"},{"word":"African American"},{"word":"Newspaper"},{"word":"Huntsville Gazette"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wv4n4p6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mike","middle_name":"","last_name":"Steele","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:44:49+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:44:49+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52646/galley/39700/download/"}]},{"pk":52648,"title":"The Pursuit of Pleasure Drugs and Stimulants in Iranian History (1500-1900).","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"drugs"},{"word":"Iran"}],"section":"Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7914t49f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lourence","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:51:58+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:51:58+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52648/galley/39702/download/"}]},{"pk":52638,"title":"Volume 2,no. 1 Fall 2014","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"UC Merced"}],"section":"Full Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66n9s4xt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Havilliah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Malsbury","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:28:16+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:28:16+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52638/galley/39692/download/"}]},{"pk":52647,"title":"What Comes Naturally: Miscegenation Law and the Making of Race in America.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Miscegenation"},{"word":"America"},{"word":"Race"}],"section":"Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zp3b006","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Langer","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:48:39+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:48:39+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52647/galley/39701/download/"}]},{"pk":52642,"title":"‘Your Vigilance is the Price of Your Freedom! Volunteer for Civil Defense Now!’: Shaping U.S. Public Opinion Using Television as a Propaganda Tool","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives  4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Cold War"},{"word":"Propaganda"},{"word":"Public Opinion"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14c113ww","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Manivone","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sayasone","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-02-12T20:36:49+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-02-12T20:36:49+01:00","date_published":"2015-02-12T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ssha_uhj/article/52642/galley/39696/download/"}]},{"pk":43682,"title":"Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease as a Cause of Recurrent Cervical Lymphadenopathy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2td3v8cz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Logan","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-02-11T19:05:30+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43682/galley/32487/download/"}]},{"pk":43691,"title":"Presentations of Infectious Mononucleosis in Young Adults","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xd9b34k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Chew","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Rumi","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Cader","name_suffix":"M.D., MPH, FACP","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-02-10T19:18:18+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43691/galley/32496/download/"}]},{"pk":43686,"title":"Mixed Medullary Follicular","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35f0h5rk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Na","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shen","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Dorothy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Martinez","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-02-06T19:10:51+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43686/galley/32491/download/"}]},{"pk":43680,"title":"Incidence of Constitutional Chromosomal Abnormalities in a Community Hematology-Oncology Clinic","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xq6h5q7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yi-Kong","middle_name":"","last_name":"Keung","name_suffix":"M.D., FACP","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Eddie","middle_name":"Hong-Long","last_name":"Hu","name_suffix":"M.D., FACP","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-02-02T19:01:23+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43680/galley/32485/download/"}]},{"pk":5319,"title":"Swimming in Flavored Water Leads to Avoidance of that Flavor in Laboratory Rats (\nRattus Norvegicus\n)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article consists of two experiments reporting conditioned flavor avoidance (or taste aversion) in laboratory rats that swam in the flavored water. A statistically reliable effect was demonstrated in Experiment 1 by using a simple conditioning procedure with sweet (sodium saccharin) water. Compared with control rats that had no swimming experience or those that swam in tap water, experimental rats showed avoidance of the sweet water in the choice test between it and tap water, if they had swum in the sweet water for 20 min over four days. Rinsing the rats off with tap water after the swimming had no effect on this flavor avoidance learning. This finding suggests that tasting the sweet water during swimming was critical. Experiment 2 confirmed the flavor avoidance learning in swimming rats by a differential conditioning procedure with sour (citric acid) and bitter (denatonium benzoate) solutions. Although the effect size was relatively small in the two experiments reported here, this new procedure may contribute to future research concerning Pavlovian conditioning due to its procedural simplicity.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Flavor Avoidance Learning"},{"word":"Conditioned Taste Aversion"},{"word":"swimming"},{"word":"rats"},{"word":"Pavlovian Conditioning"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4pm9z01k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sadahiko","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nakajima","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kwansei Gakuin University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-07-29T19:43:02+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-07-29T19:43:02+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-31T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5319/galley/3184/download/"}]},{"pk":5328,"title":"The Development of Juvenile-Typical Patterns of Play Fighting in Juvenile Rats does not Depend on Peer-Peer Play Experience in the Peri-Weaning Period","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Play fighting in rats involves attack and defense of the nape. To protect the nape, rats use a variety of defensive tactics, with different strains having specific preferences. Targeting of the nape is established before weaning and defense matures over the course of the week preceding and the week proceeding weaning. Thus, it is possible that experience from engaging in immature forms of play is needed to consolidate the nape as the playful target and for the development of the juvenile-typical pattern of defense. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate this possibility. For the first experiment, male rats were reared over the week post-weaning in either pairs or alone, and their play tested with unfamiliar partners when juveniles (31-34 days). For the second experiment, during the week preceding weaning, male and female rats were placed into one of three conditions: (1) with the mother and no peers, (2) with same-sex siblings but no mother or (3) with both the mother and same-sex siblings. The subjects were tested in same-sex, same-condition pairs when juveniles (31-34 days). Rats from all conditions, in both experiments, attacked the nape during play fighting and developed the same juvenile-typical patterns of playful defense. This suggests that the experience of peer-peer play in the peri-weaning period is not necessary for the development of the attack and defense components of juvenile-typical play.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"development"},{"word":"Long Evans Hooded Rats"},{"word":"Peri-Weaning"},{"word":"Wild Rats"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wh1h32n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Brett","middle_name":"T","last_name":"Himmler","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Lethbridge","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stephanie","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Himmler","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Lethbridge","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rafal","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stryjek","name_suffix":"","institution":"Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Klaudia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Modlińska","name_suffix":"","institution":"Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Wojciech","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pisula","name_suffix":"","institution":"Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sergio","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Pellis","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Lethbridge","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-08T22:30:05+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-08T22:30:05+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-31T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5328/galley/3190/download/"}]},{"pk":58079,"title":"Table of Contents and front matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":".","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c42j1kf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":".","middle_name":"","last_name":".","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-30T20:07:42+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-30T20:07:42+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T20:09:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58079/galley/44244/download/"}]},{"pk":58078,"title":"Cover for Issue 23","subtitle":null,"abstract":".","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fz590md","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":".","middle_name":"","last_name":".","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-30T20:06:22+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-30T20:06:22+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T20:08:23+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58078/galley/44243/download/"}]},{"pk":58077,"title":"Incident at the Rock Pile","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Poetry","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kw987df","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Doug","middle_name":"","last_name":"Birgfeld","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-30T19:07:53+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-30T19:07:53+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T19:10:07+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58077/galley/44242/download/"}]},{"pk":58069,"title":"Recollecting Perestroika:  Notes from the Playgrounds of Ukraine  (1986–1993)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Political crisis currently unfolding in Ukraine’s urban centers churns with an iconography carved against itself, the scars of a turbulent history unevenly distributed across space and time. But not only region and language are pitted against each other in Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv and elsewhere, but generations, separated from each other by the relative movement of historical forces. \nPerestroika\n, Gorbachev’s ambitious attempt to restructure the Soviet political economy, stands out as a point of such generational contradiction in Ukraine. Many adults experienced \nperestroika\n as an opportunity to push for national independence (and a long awaited political victory). For the children of the 1980s, however, the insecurity and tumult of this period, intensified by the catastrophe at Chernobyl, are reflected in recollections of a more intimate independence, the boundaries of which are demarcated not by political ideology but by the gazes of strangers and the absence of parents. Through these years, many children witnessed events inexplicable even to the adults around them: rising unemployment, fear of radiation fallout, shortages of food and other basic supplies, friends lost to emigration, heroin or disease. Yet for children entering the social world for the first time, what is inexplicable tends to be pushed to the edges of experience, which remains driven by the pursuit of friendship, excitement and belonging.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Ukraine, Perestroika, children"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5x8445tk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Vita","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yakovlyeva","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Alberta","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2014-02-20T21:40:56+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-02-20T21:40:56+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:50:42+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58069/galley/44237/download/"}]},{"pk":58172,"title":"Street Life of Children in 20th Century New York","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article explains how and why over the course of the 20th century the streetlife of children in New York City disappeared. It draws on the very rich resources of memoir and fiction to understand what happened and, in doing so, it comes to understand the importance of street life in stirring the literary imagination.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"urban studies"},{"word":"CHILDHOOD HISTORY"},{"word":"Privacy"},{"word":"schools"},{"word":"Jewish studies"},{"word":"Social Sciences"},{"word":"Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education"},{"word":"History"},{"word":"United States"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sq2n3vk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wunsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Empire State College","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2011-08-22T17:32:10+02:00","date_accepted":"2011-08-22T17:32:10+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:48:48+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58172/galley/44331/download/"}]},{"pk":58067,"title":"On Lines, Place-making and Children’s Play. An Exploration of Street Life in the Netherlands","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In this essay the author explores the diverse ways in which children are creating places for play in the streets of the city of Utrecht in the Netherlands. More specifically, the focus of the essay is on the lines that children actively draw in place-making for play and on the meaning of lines that have been drawn for them as part of the design of playgrounds in streets. The written and visual observations about children, places and lines are the result of ethnographic inquiry.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"place-making"},{"word":"lines"},{"word":"children's play"},{"word":"street"},{"word":"the Netherlands"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64n0w7tj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeroen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vermeulen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Utrecht University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2014-02-15T20:39:39+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-02-15T20:39:39+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:39:10+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58067/galley/44236/download/"}]},{"pk":58076,"title":"Taking on the City: one Mom at a Time","subtitle":null,"abstract":"These three poems express the challenges of an urban mom to see the city despite, and through, her kids' perspective.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/892717gq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Blagovesta","middle_name":"","last_name":"Momchedjikova","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-30T18:36:01+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-30T18:36:01+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:36:53+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58076/galley/44241/download/"}]},{"pk":58072,"title":"City Kids","subtitle":null,"abstract":"There are few spaces in cities designed exclusively for children, ones that open up to a world of few responsibilities and embrace the indeterminacy of youth. Parks and playgrounds and private places of learning are the islands on which children are prioritized, but they are surrounded by the waters of adult life.\nThe images in this series shows children in and out of the city, in the small worlds constructed for them and in transit between these spaces.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Children, Urban Studies,"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8z00751r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"","last_name":"Breetwor","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2014-04-06T09:03:57+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-04-06T09:03:57+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:24:48+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58072/galley/44239/download/"}]},{"pk":58070,"title":"Anthurium","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A poem.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74p2t0h6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Keisha-Gaye","middle_name":"","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"City College, CUNY M.F.A. in fiction candidate","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2014-04-01T23:15:11+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-04-01T23:15:11+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:22:51+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58070/galley/44238/download/"}]},{"pk":58075,"title":"Introduction: City Kids","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction to special issue of Streetnotes: City Kids","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99b393vh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wunsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-30T18:21:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-30T18:21:04+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:21:59+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58075/galley/44240/download/"}]},{"pk":58065,"title":"Block Party","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The work in the attachment includes the visual art of Daryl Gannon and the literary work of Van G. Garrett.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Games"},{"word":"Blocks"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0w60d8cn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Van","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Garrett","name_suffix":"","institution":"Independent","department":""},{"first_name":"Daryl","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gannon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Daryl Gannon is a London born artist who now lives and works in Houston Texas.","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2014-02-14T03:27:05+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-02-14T03:27:05+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-30T18:17:32+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/58065/galley/44235/download/"}]},{"pk":43690,"title":"Presentation of Giardia lamblia Found on a Small Bowel Biopsy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gz2g2rk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rimma","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shaposhnikov","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Roman","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leibzon","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-29T19:16:56+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43690/galley/32495/download/"}]},{"pk":35367,"title":"Introduction: Ebola’s Ecologies","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Andrew Lakoff, Stephen J. Collier and Christopher Kelty ask what the 2014 Ebola outbreak tells us about the history of pandemic preparedness and the blindspots of global health security today.","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-SA 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5r75n4r2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lakoff","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Stephen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Collier","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Kelty","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-24T21:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35367/galley/26266/download/"}]},{"pk":43675,"title":"Dose-Dependent Sedating and Stimulating Effects of Mirtazapine","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zn8w1mj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Leonard","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Arun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Karlamangla","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-24T18:52:37+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43675/galley/32480/download/"}]},{"pk":8718,"title":"TABLE OF CONTENTS JANUARY 2015","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Table of Contents","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6547643s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pham","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-22T00:46:49+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-22T00:46:49+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-22T00:49:15+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8718/galley/5002/download/"}]},{"pk":8717,"title":"SPONSORS AND ADVERTISING","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Sponsors and Advertising","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xr6h90w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pham","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-22T00:43:55+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-22T00:43:55+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-22T00:45:07+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8717/galley/5001/download/"}]},{"pk":8716,"title":"MASTHEAD JANUARY 2015","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Masthead","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74r9d1bd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pham","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-22T00:40:53+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-22T00:40:53+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-22T00:41:44+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8716/galley/5000/download/"}]},{"pk":41618,"title":"Western Association of Vertebrate Paleontology Annual Meeting: Program with Abstracts","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstracts and program for the February 14-15, 2015, WAVP Annual Meeting, California State University, Stanislaus, Turlock, CA, USA.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fk763th","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Julia, editor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sankey","name_suffix":"","institution":"California State University, Stanislaus","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jacob, editor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Biewer","name_suffix":"","institution":"California State University, Stanislaus","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-21T01:23:29+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-21T01:23:29+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-20T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41618/galley/31156/download/"}]},{"pk":43666,"title":"Acromegaly Presenting in an Elderly Man with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypogonadism","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6q45s855","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Dianne","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Cheung","name_suffix":"M.D., MPH","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-19T18:38:20+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43666/galley/32471/download/"}]},{"pk":43668,"title":"Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency in a Patient with Muscle Wasting Previously Treated for Hypogonadism","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mh6w911","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Dianne","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Cheung","name_suffix":"M.D., MPH","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-18T18:41:49+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43668/galley/32473/download/"}]},{"pk":43664,"title":"Post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Ascites: Rare Case Presentation and Discussion","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jh417ms","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Hwang","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Jack","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Tian","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Boules","middle_name":"","last_name":"Salib","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-16T02:23:04+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43664/galley/32469/download/"}]},{"pk":8638,"title":"American Academy of Pediatrics 2014 Bronchiolitis Guidelines: Bonfire of the Evidence","subtitle":null,"abstract":"N/A","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Healthcare Utilization","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w50g08m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Paul","middle_name":"","last_name":"Walsh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Davis, Department of Emergency Medicine, Davis, California\n\nSutter Medical Centers of Sacramento, Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Sacramento, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stephen","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Rothenberg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-12-04T22:54:10+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-12-04T22:54:10+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-13T00:02:30+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8638/galley/4971/download/"}]},{"pk":8296,"title":"Anticoagulation Drug Therapy: A Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Historically, most patients who required parenteral anticoagulation received heparin, whereas those patients requiring oral anticoagulation received warfarin. Due to the narrow therapeutic index and need for frequent laboratory monitoring associated with warfarin, there has been a desire to develop newer, more effective anticoagulants. Consequently, in recent years many novel anticoagulants have been developed.\nThe emergency physician may institute anticoagulation therapy in the short term (e.g. heparin) for a patient being admitted, or may start a novel anticoagulation for a patient being discharged. Similarly, a patient on a novel anticoagulant may present to the emergency department due to a hemorrhagic complication. Consequently, the emergency physician should be familiar with the newer and older anticoagulants. This review emphasizes the indication, mechanism of action, adverse effects, and potential reversal strategies for various anticoagulants that the emergency physician will likely encounter. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Anticoagulation, antidote,"}],"section":"Patient Safety","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kc1p3rt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Katherine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Harter","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California, LA+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Levine","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California, LA+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sean","middle_name":"O.","last_name":"Henderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California, LA+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-06-23T17:29:56+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-06-23T17:29:56+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-12T22:59:12+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8296/galley/4747/download/"}]},{"pk":8573,"title":"Hemi Orolingual Angioedema after tPA  Administration for Acute Ischemic Stroke","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"tPA, ischemic stroke, angioedema"}],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/40q9665x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bryan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Madden","name_suffix":"","institution":"Henry Ford Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan;\n American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ralphe","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Chebl","name_suffix":"","institution":"Henry Ford Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; \nAmerican University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-13T14:28:59+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-13T14:28:59+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-12T22:22:53+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8573/galley/4943/download/"}]},{"pk":8556,"title":"Half-dose Alteplase for Sub-massive Pulmonary Embolism Directed by Emergency Department Point-of-care Ultrasound","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This report describes a patient with sub-massive pulmonary embolism (PE) who was successfully treated with half-dose thrombolytics guided by the use of point-of-care (POC) ultrasound. In this case, POC ultrasound was the only possible imaging since computed tomography was contraindicated. POC ultrasound demonstrated a deep vein thrombosis and evidence of cardiac strain. In situations or locations where definitive imaging is unobtainable, POC ultrasound can help diagnose submassive PE and direct the use of half-dose tissue plasminogen activator. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"ultrasound"},{"word":"thrombolysis"},{"word":"pulmonary embolism"},{"word":"cardiac care, thrombolysis"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0b7598kc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"","last_name":"Amini","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ashish","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Panchal","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bahner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Srikar","middle_name":"","last_name":"Adhikari","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-02T19:07:36+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-02T19:07:36+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-12T22:17:43+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8556/galley/4932/download/"}]},{"pk":8468,"title":"Timing of Discharge Follow-up for Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Retrospective Cohort Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nHistorically, emergency department (ED) patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) have been admitted for several days of inpatient care. Growing evidence suggests that selected ED patients with PE can be safely discharged home after a short length of stay. However, the optimal timing of follow up is unknown. We hypothesized that higher-risk patients with short length of stay (<24 hours from ED registration) would more commonly receive expedited follow up (≤3 days).\nMethods: \nThis retrospective cohort study included adults treated for acute PE in six community EDs. We ascertained the PE Severity Index risk class (for 30-day mortality), facility length of stay, the first follow-up clinician encounter, unscheduled return ED visits ≤3 days, 5-day PE-related readmissions, and 30-day all-cause mortality. Stratifying by risk class, we used multivariable analysis to examine age- and sex-adjusted associations between length of stay and expedited follow up.\nResults: \nThe mean age of our 175 patients was 63.2 (±16.8) years. Overall, 93.1% (n=163) of our cohort received follow up within one week of discharge. Fifty-six patients (32.0%) were sent home within 24 hours and 100 (57.1%) received expedited follow up, often by telephone (67/100). The short and longer length-of-stay groups were comparable in age and sex, but differed in rates of low-risk status (63% vs 37%; p<0.01) and expedited follow up (70% vs 51%; p=0.03). After adjustment, we found that short length of stay was independently associated with expedited follow up in higher-risk patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.5; 95% CI [1.0-11.8]; p=0.04), but not in low-risk patients (aOR 2.2; 95% CI [0.8-5.7]; p=0.11). Adverse outcomes were uncommon (<2%) and were not significantly different between the two length-of-stay groups.\nConclusion: \nHigher-risk patients with acute PE and short length of stay more commonly received expedited follow up in our community setting than other groups of patients. These practice patterns are associated with low rates of 30-day adverse events. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Continuity of patient care, pulmonary embolism, risk stratification, patient discharge"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76b8h8tw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Vinson","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California; Kaiser Permanente Roseville Medical Center, Roseville, California; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Dustin","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Ballard","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California; Kaiser Permanente San Rafael Medical Center, San Rafael, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Huang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Adina","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Rauchwerger","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mary","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Reed","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Dustin","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Mark","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California; Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-07-28T21:57:06+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-07-28T21:57:06+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-12T21:57:54+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8468/galley/4891/download/"}]},{"pk":8144,"title":"Survival from Cervical Necrotizing Fasciitis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) is an uncommon, yet clinically significant infection that rapidly progresses to involve the deep neck spaces. Early recognition and aggressive surgical intervention and debridement are important, as this disease is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. In this report, we present a case of CNF and descending mediastinitis from a non-odontogenic source in a patient presenting with neck swelling and odynophagia. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Diagnostic Acumen","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62f140ts","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeniffer","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Gausepohl","name_suffix":"","institution":"Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jonathan","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Wagner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Health Network, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-03-06T06:46:02+01:00","date_accepted":"2014-03-06T06:46:02+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-12T21:21:30+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8144/galley/4689/download/"}]},{"pk":35369,"title":"Outbreak of Unknown Origin in the Tripoint Zone","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Guillaume Lachenal traces the urgent past of the current ebola outbreak, offering some surprising lessons about borders.","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-SA 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gg557n5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Guillaume","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lachenal","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-09T21:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35369/galley/26268/download/"}]},{"pk":35368,"title":"Timeline: Ebola 2014","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The timeline of the 2014 Ebola outbreak, compiled by Andrew Lakoff.","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-SA 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2p1332dc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lakoff","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-09T21:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35368/galley/26267/download/"}]},{"pk":43683,"title":"Life Style Change to Stop Medications","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5q73139s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Tsz Ying","middle_name":"Amy","last_name":"Lee","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-09T19:06:58+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43683/galley/32488/download/"}]},{"pk":41616,"title":"Prodiacodon crustulum\n (Leptictidae, Mammalia) from the Tullock Member of the Fort Union Formation, Garfield and McCone Counties, Montana, USA","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Since Michael J. Novacek (1977) established \nProdiacodon crustulum\n, the hypodigm of this species has been greatly increased. Currently, over 100 isolated teeth, but only a single dentulous fragment of a dentary, are known. Reconstruction of its dentition has been based on comparisons with the more completely represented dentition of \nP. puercensis\n Matthew, 1929, from younger Torrejonian 1-3 North American Land Mammal Age (NALMA) local faunas of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. \nProdiacodon crustulum\n is known from the Puercan 3 (NALMA) Garbani Channel and, possibly, Purgatory Hill local faunas in Montana. It differs from \nP. puercensis\n in the smaller size of its postcanine dentition and lesser development of minor cusps on the upper and lower molars. Given the uncertainties in reconstruction of its dentition, the new sample adds little toward illustrating the phylogenetic relationships of the species to more recent Paleogene and Neogene leptictids. Recent studies support recognition of the clade Leptictida McKenna, 1975, including the leptictids and the Cretaceous species of \nGypsonictops\n Simpson, 1927. More data are needed to test the hypothesis that \nP. crustulum\n is the earliest known representative of the Afrotheria Stanhope et al., 1998.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Prodiacodon"},{"word":"Leptictidae"},{"word":"Mammalia"},{"word":"Tullock Member"},{"word":"Puercan"},{"word":"Montana"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15m6d0t1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Clemens","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-09T17:21:27+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-09T17:21:27+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-09T09:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41616/galley/31154/download/"}]},{"pk":35378,"title":"An Ebola Photo Essay","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Frédéric Le Marcis  and Vinh-Kim Nguyen document ebola's ecologies in photos.","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-SA 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73x377pj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Frédéric","middle_name":"Le","last_name":"Le Marcis","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-08T21:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35378/galley/26277/download/"}]},{"pk":35370,"title":"Ebola, 1995/2014","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Nicholas B. King looks back at the dialectics of confidence and paranoia in the Ebola outbreaks of 1995 and 2014.","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-SA 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94c3k05b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"B","last_name":"King","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-08T21:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35370/galley/26269/download/"}]},{"pk":43662,"title":"A Case of Autoimmune Hepatitis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wb708gd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mary","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Cambou","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Adela","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Greeley","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-08T20:30:53+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43662/galley/32467/download/"}]},{"pk":8481,"title":"Do Emergency Department Patients Receive a Pathological Diagnosis? A Nationally-Representative Sample","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nUnderstanding the cause of patients’ symptoms often requires identifying a pathological diagnosis. A single-center study found that many patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) do not receive a pathological diagnosis. We analyzed 17 years of data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to identify the proportion of patients who received a pathological diagnosis at ED discharge. We hypothesized that many patients do not receive a pathological diagnosis, and that the proportion of pathological diagnoses increased between 1993 and 2009.\nMethods: \nUsing the NHAMCS data from 1993-2009, we analyzed visits of patients age ≥18 years, discharged from the ED, who had presented with the three most common chief complaints: chest pain, abdominal pain, and headache. Discharge diagnoses were coded as symptomatic versus pathological based on a pre-defined coding system. We compared weighted annual proportions of pathological discharge diagnoses with 95% CIs and used logistic regression to test for trend. \nResults: \nAmong 299,919 sampled visits, 44,742 met inclusion criteria, allowing us to estimate that there were 164 million adult ED visits presenting with the three chief complaints and then discharged home. Among these visits, the proportions with pathological discharge diagnosis were 55%, 71%, and 70% for chest pain, abdominal pain, and headache, respectively. The total proportion of those with a pathological discharge diagnosis decreased between 1993 and 2009, from 72% (95% CI, 69-75%) to 63% (95% CI, 59-66%). In the multivariable logistic regression model, those more likely to receive pathological diagnoses were females, African-American as compared to Caucasian, and self-pay patients. Those more likely to receive a symptomatic diagnosis were patients aged 30-79 years, with visits to EDs in the South or West regions, and seen by a physician in the ED.\nConclusion: \nIn this analysis of a nationally-representative database of ED visits, many patients were discharged from the ED without a pathological diagnosis that explained the likely cause of their symptoms. Despite advances in diagnostic testing, the proportion of pathological discharge diagnoses decreased. Future studies should investigate reasons for not providing a pathological diagnosis and how this may affect clinical outcomes. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Health Policy"},{"word":"clinical decision-making"},{"word":"patient satisfaction"},{"word":"Diagnosis"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06v6n5gb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Leana","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Wen","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Janice","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Espinola","name_suffix":"","institution":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Kosowsky","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Carlos","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Camargo Jr","name_suffix":"","institution":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-07T18:53:19+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-07T18:53:19+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-07T21:55:55+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8481/galley/4897/download/"}]},{"pk":8235,"title":"Factors Influencing Rate of Testicular Salvage in Acute Testicular Torsion at a Tertiary Pediatric Center","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nStudies have demonstrated that variables other than duration of symptoms can affect outcomes in children with acute testicular torsion. We examined demographic and logistical factors, including inter-hospital transfer, which may affect outcomes at a tertiary pediatric referral center.\nMethods: \nWe reviewed charts of all pediatric patients with acute testicular torsion during a five-year period. Data were collected regarding age, insurance type, socioeconomic status, duration of symptoms prior to presentation, transfer status, time of day, time to surgical exploration, and testicular salvage.\nResults: \nOur study included 114 patients. Testicular salvage was possible in 55.3% of patients. Thirty-one percent of patients included in the study were transferred from another facility. Inter-hospital transfer did not affect testicular salvage rate. Time to surgery and duration of pain were higher among patients who underwent orchiectomy versus orchidopexy. Patients older than eight years of age were more likely to undergo orchidopexy than those younger than eight (61.5% vs. 30.4%, p=0.01). Ethnicity, insurance type, or time of day did not affect the testicular salvage rates. On multivariate analysis, only duration of symptoms less than six hours predicted testicular salvage (OR 22.5, p<0.001).\nConclusion: \nEven though inter-hospital transfer delays definitive surgical management, it may not affect testicular salvage rates. Time to presentation is the most important factor in predicting outcomes in children with acute testicular torsion. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":": testicular torsion, inter-hospital transfer, orchiectomy, acute scrotum, scrotal exploration, pediatric"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sx5810x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Puneeta","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ramachandra","name_suffix":"","institution":"Valley Children’s Hospital, Madera, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kerrin","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Palazzi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, Division of Urology, La Jolla, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nicholas","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Holmes","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, Division of Pediatric Urology, San Diego, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marietti","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, Division of Pediatric Urology, San Diego, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-04-30T03:02:16+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-04-30T03:02:16+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-07T20:59:28+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8235/galley/4722/download/"}]},{"pk":8570,"title":"Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs: Examining Limitations and Future Approaches","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Prescription drug abuse is a leading cause of accidental death in the United States. Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) are a popular initiative among policy makers and a key tool to combat the prescription drug epidemic. This editorial discusses the limitations of PDMPs, future approaches needed to improve the effectiveness of PDMPs, and other approaches essential to curbing the rise of drug abuse and overdose. [West J Emerg Med. 2015(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Opioids"},{"word":"prescribing"},{"word":"prescription drug monitoring program"}],"section":"Injury Prevention and Population Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2147k2t1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Griggs","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Scott","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Weiner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Feldman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-11T01:34:33+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-11T01:34:33+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-07T02:38:28+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8570/galley/4942/download/"}]},{"pk":2041,"title":"Thanks to Reviewers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The individuals listed below served as referees for the L2 Journal in the calendar year 2014. We wish to express our sincere gratitude for their insightful contributions to the quality of the articles published in this journal:\n Heather Allen; Alan Astro; David Franklin Ayers; Zehlia Babaci-Wilhite; Catherine Barrette; Usree Bhattacharya; David Block; Carl Blyth; Claudia Brovetto; Brigitta Busch; Christopher Bush; Daniela Augusta Cavalli; Bee Chamcharatsri; Jinhyun Cho; Christian W. Chun; Anthony Cordingly; Jean Marc Dewaele; Pedro Erber; Nikolaus Euba; Sunao Fukunaga; Adolfo García; Thomas Garza; Eva Gentes; David Hanauer; Rachel Harris; Yoko Hasegawa; Monica Heller; Emily Hellmich; Inez Hollander; Diana Holmes; Jin Kyoung Hwang; Adriana Jacobs; Gabriela Borge Janetti; Adam Jaworski; Michael Kelly; Celeste Kinginger; Aurelia Klimkiewicz; Andreas Kramer; Juergen Kurtz; Jet van Dam van Isselt; Nirali Jani; Brian Lennon; Glenn Levine; Adrienne Lo; Nadia Louar; Donaldo Macedo; Suzanne Majhanovich; Dave Malinowski; Mark Nelson; Jean Pacquement; Joseph Park; Kate Paesani; Alfonso Del Percio; Mary Louise Pratt; Jim Ranalli; Lyudmila Razumova; Norbert Ricken; Jörg Roche; Silvia Rodríguez-Sabater; Dinorah Sanchez-Loza; Trevor Sanders; Jean Schultz; Lynn Mario T. Menezes de Souza; Ania Spyra; Tamar Steinitz; Jason Vivrette; Adrian Wanner; Paige Ware; Karen Ann Watson-Gegeo; Lionel Wee; Lihua Zhang","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82r8x5qt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Claire","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kramsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2015-01-07T02:20:26+01:00","date_accepted":"2015-01-07T02:20:26+01:00","date_published":"2015-01-07T02:22:45+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2041/galley/1346/download/"}]},{"pk":8332,"title":"Low-Cost Alternative External Rotation Shoulder Brace and Review of Treatment in  Acute Shoulder Dislocations","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Traumatic dislocations of the shoulder commonly present to emergency departments (EDs). Immediate closed reduction of both anterior and posterior glenohumeral dislocations is recommended and is frequently performed in the ED. Recurrence of dislocation is common, as anteroinferior labral tears (Bankart lesions) are present in many anterior shoulder dislocations.14,15,18,23 Immobilization of the shoulder following closed reduction is therefore recommended; previous studies support the use of immobilization with the shoulder in a position of external rotation, for both anterior and posterior shoulder dislocations.7-11,19 In this study, we present a technique for assembling a low-cost external rotation shoulder brace using materials found in most hospitals: cotton roll, stockinette, and shoulder immobilizers. This brace is particularly suited for the uninsured patient, who lacks the financial resources to pay for a pre-fabricated brace out of pocket. We also performed a cost analysis for our low-cost external rotation shoulder brace, and a cost comparison with pre-fabricated brand name braces. At our institution, the total materials cost for our brace was $19.15. The cost of a pre-fabricated shoulder brace at our institution is $150 with markup, which is reimbursed on average at $50.40 according to our hospital billing data. The low-cost external rotation shoulder brace is therefore a more affordable option for the uninsured patient presenting with acute shoulder dislocation. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Shoulder Dislocation, Trauma, Immobilization"}],"section":"Healthcare Utilization","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f15d747","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kyle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lacy","name_suffix":"","institution":"Detroit Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Detroit, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Chris","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cooke","name_suffix":"","institution":"Detroit Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Detroit, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Pat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cooke","name_suffix":"","institution":"Detroit Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Detroit, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Justin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schupbach","name_suffix":"","institution":"Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rahul","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vaidya","name_suffix":"","institution":"Detroit Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Detroit, Michigan","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-07-13T19:46:32+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-07-13T19:46:32+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-07T02:16:07+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8332/galley/4765/download/"}]},{"pk":8191,"title":"Screening for Sexual Orientation in Psychiatric Emergency Departments","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nOur goal was to explore whether emergency department (ED) patients would disclose their sexual orientation in a research evaluation and to examine demographic and clinical characteristics of patients by self-identified sexual orientation.\nMethods: \nParticipants (n=177) presented for psychiatric treatment at three urban EDs in New York City, Rochester, NY, and Philadelphia, PA. Participants were interviewed in the context of a larger study of a standardized suicide risk assessment. We assessed participants’ willingness to answer questions regarding sexual orientation along three dimensions: a self-description of sexual orientation, a self-description of sexual attraction, and the gender of any prior sexual partners.\nResults: \nNo participants (0/177) refused to respond to the categorical question about sexual orientation, 168/177 (94.9%) agreed to provide information about prior sexual partners, and 100/109 (91.7%) provided information about current sexual attraction toward either gender. Of all 177 participants, 154 (87.0%) self-identified as heterosexual, 11 (6.2%) as bisexual, 10 (5.6%) as gay or lesbian, and 2 (1.1%) indicated they were not sure. As compared with heterosexual patients, lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) patients were significantly younger and more likely to be non-white, but did not differ significantly in terms of education, income, employment, or religious affiliation or participation. Further, LGB participants did not differ from self-identified heterosexual participants for lifetime suicide attempt rate or lifetime history of any mood, substance-related, psychotic spectrum, or other Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) Axis I disorder. Of self-identified heterosexual participants 5.6% (5/89) reported sexual attraction as other than ‘only opposite sex,’ and 10.3% (15/142) of sexually active ‘heterosexual’ participants reported previous same-gender sexual partners.\nConclusion: \nAssessing patients’ sexual orientation in the ED by a three-question approach appeared feasible in the ED and acceptable to ED patients. However, since many patients have sexual experiences not suggested by simple labels, self-report of sexual identity alone may not inform clinicians of health risks inherent in same or opposite gender sexual contact. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Emergency Medicine, Sexual Orientation, Patient Screening"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3598g0n8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Glenn","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Currier","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Rochester, New York; University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Gregory","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brown","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Walsh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Rochester","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Shari","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jager-Hyman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sadia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chaudhury","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Barbara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stanley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, New York","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-03-31T21:20:12+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-03-31T21:20:12+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-07T01:45:26+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8191/galley/4713/download/"}]},{"pk":8554,"title":"Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in the Emergency Department: Case Series and Literature Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) often has variable presentations and causes, with common radiographic features—namely posterior white matter changes on magnetic resonance (MRI). As MRI becomes a more frequently utilized imaging modality in the Emergency Department, PRES will become an entity that the Emergency Physician must be aware of and be able to diagnose. \nCase Report:\n We report three cases of PRES, all of which presented to the emergency department of a single academic medical center over a short period of time, including a 53-year-old woman with only relative hypertension, a 69-year-old woman who ultimately died, and a 46-year-old woman who had a subsequent intraparenchymal hemorrhage. \nConclusion: \nPRES is likely much more common than previously thought and is a diagnosis that should be considered in a wide variety of emergency department patient presentations. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"PRES, Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, MRI"}],"section":"Critical Care","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1957j248","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Thompson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sharp","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Jeffery","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pothof","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Azita","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hamedani","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-02T18:32:38+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-02T18:32:38+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-06T03:53:48+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8554/galley/4930/download/"}]},{"pk":8514,"title":"Educational Technology Improves ECG Interpretation of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Medical Students and Emergency Medicine Residents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Asynchronous online training has become an increasingly popular educational format in the new era of technology-based professional development. We sought to evaluate the impact of an online asynchronous training module on the ability of medical students and emergency medicine (EM) residents to detect electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). \nMethods:\n We developed an online ECG training and testing module on AMI, with emphasis on recognizing ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI) and early activation of cardiac catheterization resources. Study participants included senior medical students and EM residents at all post-graduate levels rotating in our emergency department (ED). Participants were given a baseline set of ECGs for interpretation. This was followed by a brief interactive online training module on normal ECGs as well as abnormal ECGs representing an acute MI. Participants then underwent a post-test with a set of ECGs in which they had to interpret and decide appropriate intervention including catheterization lab activation. \nResults:\n 148 students and 35 EM residents participated in this training in the 2012-2013 academic year. Students and EM residents showed significant improvements in recognizing ECG abnormalities after taking the asynchronous online training module. The mean score on the testing module for students improved from 5.9 (95% CI [5.7-6.1]) to 7.3 (95% CI [7.1-7.5]), with a mean difference of 1.4 (95% CI [1.12-1.68]) (p<0.0001). The mean score for residents improved significantly from 6.5 (95% CI [6.2-6.9]) to 7.8 (95% CI [7.4-8.2]) (p<0.0001).\nConclusion:\n An online interactive module of training improved the ability of medical students and EM residents to correctly recognize the ECG evidence of an acute MI. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Educational Technology, EKG, STEMI"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25t5x4vz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ali","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pourmand","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mary","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tanski","name_suffix":"","institution":"Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"","last_name":"Davis","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Hamid","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shokoohi","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Raymond","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lucas","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Fareen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zaver","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-09-02T15:52:47+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-09-02T15:52:47+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-06T03:44:36+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8514/galley/4911/download/"}]},{"pk":8285,"title":"Evaluation of Healthcare Use Trends of High-Risk Female Intimate Partner Violence Victims","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nPractitioners need more information about intimate partner violence (IPV) victims’ healthcare use trends. We used a novel data-linkage method and complaint categorization allowing us to evaluate IPV victims healthcare use trends compared to the date of their victimization.\n \nMethods: \nThis was a retrospective case series using data-linking techniques cross-referencing databases of Medicaid-eligible women between the ages of 16 and 55 years, an IPV Case Database for 2007 and the Florida State Agency for Healthcare Administration, which tracks hospital inpatient, ambulatory and emergency department (ED) use within the State of Florida. We analyzed resulting healthcare visits 1.5 years before and 1.5 years after the women’s reported IPV offense. Using all available claims data a ‘complaint category’ representing categories of presenting chief complaints was assigned to each healthcare visit. Analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients between time of offense and visits, and a logistic regression analysis.\n \nResults: \nThe 695 victims were linked with 4,344 healthcare visits in the four-year study period. The victims were young (46% in the 16-25 age group and 79% were younger than 35). Healthcare visits were in the ED (83%) rather than other healthcare sites. In the ED, IPV victims mostly had complaint categories of obstetrics and gynaecology-related visits (28.7%), infection-related visits (18.9%), and trauma-related visits (16.3%). ED use escalated approaching the victim’s date of offense (r=0.59, p<0.0001) compared to use of non-ED sites of healthcare use (r=0.07,p=0.5817). ED use deescalated significantly after date of reported offense for ED visits (r=0.50,p<0.0001) versus non-ED use (r=0.00,p=0.9958). The victims’ age group more likely to use the ED than any other age group was the 36-45 age group (OR 4.67, CI [3.26- 6.68]).\n \nConclusion: \nIPV victims use the ED increasingly approaching their date of offense. Presenting complaints were varied and did not reveal unique identifiers of IPV victims. This novel method of database matching between claims data and government records has been shown to be a valid way to evaluate healthcare utilization of at-risk populations. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):-0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"violence, intimate partner violence, domestic violence, women, healthcare utilization"}],"section":"Healthcare Utilization","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cw588wb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Robyn","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Hoelle","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Marie-Carmelle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Elie","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Emily","middle_name":"","last_name":"Weeks","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nancy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hardt","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Family Data Center, Gainesville, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Wei","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stony Brook University Medical Center, Department of Preventative Medicine, Stony Brook, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Hui","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Department of Biostatistics, Gainesville, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Donna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Carden","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, Florida","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-06-13T18:33:33+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-06-13T18:33:33+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-06T03:38:56+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8285/galley/4745/download/"}]},{"pk":8263,"title":"Descriptive Study of Prescriptions for Opioids from a Suburban Academic Emergency Department Before New York’s I-STOP Act","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nControlled prescription opioid use is perceived as a national problem attributed to all specialties. Our objective was to provide a descriptive analysis of prescriptions written for controlled opioids from a database of emergency department (ED) visits prior to the enactment of the I-STOP law, which requires New York prescribers to consult the Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) prior to prescribing Schedule II, III, and IV controlled substances for prescriptions of greater than five days duration.\nMethods: \nWe conducted a retrospective medical record review of patients 21 years of age and older, who presented to the ED between July 1, 2011 – June 30, 2012 and were given a prescription for a controlled opioid. Our primary purpose was to characterize each prescription as to the type of controlled substance, the quantity dispensed, and the duration of the prescription. We also looked at outliers, those patients who received prescriptions for longer than five days.\nResults: \nA total of 9,502 prescriptions were written for opioids out of a total 63,143 prescriptions for 69,500 adult patients. Twenty-six (0.27%) of the prescriptions for controlled opioids were written for greater than five days. Most prescriptions were for five days or less (99.7%, 95% CI [99.6 to 99.8%]).\nConclusion: \nThe vast majority of opioid prescriptions in our ED prior to the I-STOP legislature were limited to a five-day or less supply. These new regulations were meant to reduce the ED’s contribution to the rise of opioid related morbidity. This study suggests that the emergency physicians’ usual prescribing practices were negligibly limited by the new restrictive regulations. The ED may not be primarily contributing to the increase in opioid-related overdoses and death. The effect of the I-STOP regulation on future prescribing patterns in the ED remains to be determined. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Injury Prevention and Population Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1362p53p","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lyncean","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ung","name_suffix":"","institution":"Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Suffern, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ronald","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dvorkin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Premier Care Physicians, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bellmore, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sattler","name_suffix":"","institution":"Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Suffern, New York","department":"None"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yens","name_suffix":"","institution":"Premier Care Physicians, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bellmore, New York, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, New York","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-05-19T20:35:58+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-05-19T20:35:58+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-06T03:31:23+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8263/galley/4733/download/"}]},{"pk":8486,"title":"Validation of a Decision Rule for Selective  TSH Screening in Atrial Fibrillation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia. Current guidelines recommend obtaining thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in all patients presenting with AF.Our aim was to investigate the utility of TSH levels for emergency department (ED) patients with a final diagnosis of AF while externally validating and potentially refining a clinical decision rule that recommends obtaining TSH levels only in patients with previous stroke, hypertension, or thyroid disease. \nMethods: \nWe conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of consecutive patients who presented to an ED from January 2011 to March 2014 with a final ED diagnosis of AF. Charts were reviewed for historical features and TSH level. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the previously derived clinical decision rule.\nResults: \nOf the 1,964 patients who were eligible, 1,458 (74%) had a TSH level available for analysis. The overall prevalence of a low TSH (<0.3µIU/mL) was 2% (n=36). Elevated TSH levels (>5µIU/mL) were identified in 11% (n=159). The clinical decision rule had a sensitivity of 88.9% (95% CI [73.0-96.4]) and a specificity of 27.5% (95% CI [25.2-29.9]) for identifying a low TSH. When analyzed for its ability to identify any abnormal TSH values (high or low TSH), the sensitivity and specificity were 74.4% (95% CI [67.5-80.2]) and 27.3% (95% CI [24.9-29.9]), respectively. \nConclusion: \nLow TSH in patients presenting to the ED with a final diagnosis of AF is rare (2%). The sensitivity of a clinical decision rule including a history of thyroid disease, hypertension, or stroke for identifying low TSH levels in patients presenting to the ED with a final diagnosis of atrial fibrillation was lower than originally reported (88.9% vs. 93%). When elevated TSH levels were included as an outcome, the sensitivity was reduced to 74.4%. We recommend that emergency medicine providers not routinely order TSH levels for all patients with a primary diagnosis of AF. Instead, these investigations can be limited to patients with new onset AF or those with a history of thyroid disease with no known TSH level within three months . [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"atrial fibrillation"},{"word":"clinical decision rule"},{"word":"routine testing"},{"word":"thyroid stimulating hormone"},{"word":"hyperthyroid"},{"word":"hypothyroid"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jk2q8sb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shawna","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Bellew","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rajat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Moman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Christine","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Lohse","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biostatistics, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Erik","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Hess","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Mayo Clinic, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"},{"first_name":"M. Fernanda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bellolio","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Mayo Clinic, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Rochester, Minnesota","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-11T01:42:10+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-11T01:42:10+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-06T02:31:07+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8486/galley/4898/download/"}]},{"pk":8568,"title":"Correlation of the NBME Advanced Clinical Examination in EM and the National EM M4 exams","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nSince 2011 two online, validated exams for fourth-year emergency medicine (EM) students have been available (National EM M4 Exams). In 2013 the National Board of Medical Examiners offered the Advanced Clinical Examination in Emergency Medicine (EM-ACE). All of these exams are now in widespread use; however, there are no data on how they correlate. This study evaluated the correlation between the EM-ACE exam and the National EM M4 Exams.\nMethods: \nFrom May 2013 to April 2014 the EM-ACE and one version of the EM M4 exam were administered sequentially to fourth-year EM students at five U.S. medical schools. Data collected included institution, gross and scaled scores and version of the EM M4 exam. We performed Pearson’s correlation and random effects linear regression.\nResults: \n303 students took the EM-ACE and versions 1 (V1) or 2 (V2) of the EM M4 exams (279 and 24, respectively). The mean percent correct for the exams were as follows: EM-ACE 74.8 (SD-8.83), V1 83.0 (SD-6.41), V2 78.5 (SD-7.70). Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the V1/EM-ACE was 0.51 (0.42 scaled) and for the V2/EM-ACE was 0.59 (0.41 scaled). The coefficient of determination for V1/EM-ACE was 0.72 and for V2/EM-ACE = 0.71 (0.86 and 0.49 for scaled scores). The R-squared values were 0.25 and 0.30 (0.18 and 0.13, scaled), respectively. There was significant cluster effect by institution. \nConclusion: \nThere was moderate positive correlation of student scores on the EM-ACE exam and the National EM M4 Exams. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency medicine, medical student, NBME, shelf exam, clerkship"}],"section":"Education","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/91f3b9tv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Katherine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hiller","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Emily","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Miller","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Luan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lawson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina","department":"None"},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wald","name_suffix":"","institution":"Temple University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Beeson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Corey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heitz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Morrissey","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida Health Sciences Center, Department of Emergency Medicine,  Jacksonville, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joseph","middle_name":"","last_name":"House","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stacey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Poznanski","name_suffix":"","institution":"Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dayton, Ohio","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-10-09T06:27:47+02:00","date_accepted":"2014-10-09T06:27:47+02:00","date_published":"2015-01-06T02:10:08+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8568/galley/4941/download/"}]},{"pk":43688,"title":"Pleomorphic Lobular Breast Carcinoma: A Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62c8c4h9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Merry","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Tetef","name_suffix":"M.D.","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-05T19:14:24+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43688/galley/32493/download/"}]},{"pk":25906,"title":"16-month-olds use language to generate expectations about the visual world","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The capacity to use language to form new representations and to revise existing knowledge is a crucial aspect of human\ncognition. Here we examined whether infants can use language to adjust their existing representation of a recently encoded\nscene. Using an eye-tracking paradigm, we asked if 16-month-old infants (N = 26; mean age: 16;03, range: 14;15-17;15) use\nnew linguistic information about an occluded event to inform their expectation about what the visual world should look like.\nWe compared looking time to outcomes that matched this information to those that did not. Infants looked significantly longer\nwhen the outcome did not match the input, suggesting that they generated an expectation of the outcome based on language\nalone. This effect was unrelated to infants‚Äô vocabulary size. Thus, using language to form expectations about the visual world\nis present at an early developmental stage, even when language skills are rudimentary.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"CC0","short_name":"CC0","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Member Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42t630vd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Allison","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fitch","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts Boston","department":""},{"first_name":"Patricia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ganea","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Paul","middle_name":"","last_name":"Harris","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University","department":""},{"first_name":"Zsuzsa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kaldy","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts Boston","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25906/galley/15530/download/"}]},{"pk":36054,"title":"2014-2015 CATESOL Board of Directors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18s2f0ss","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36054/galley/26906/download/"}]},{"pk":36081,"title":"2014-2015 CATESOL Board of Directors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qh7c6k9","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36081/galley/26933/download/"}]},{"pk":25570,"title":"2-year-olds use syntax to infer actor intentions in a rational-action paradigm","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Verbs may refer to the means (I bumped into the lamp) or\noutcome (I broke the lamp) of an action (cf. Rappaport Hovav\n& Levin, 2010; Talmy, 1985). Do young children expect\nlanguage to encode this distinction? Children‚Äôs imitation\npatterns suggest that they analyze nonlinguistic events in\nthese terms. When a head-touch is the simplest action\navailable, toddlers include just the outcome, not the means, in\ntheir own imitation (Gergely, Bekkering, & Kir√°ly, 2002). We\nask whether syntax influences this inference. An experimenter\nwith her hands occupied made a toy activate with a headtouch,\nusing either Means-focused (I‚Äôm daxing to my toy) or\nOutcome-focused language (I‚Äôm daxing my toy). Toddlers\nthen imitated the action. Means- but not Outcome-focus\nlanguage encouraged children to include the distinctive headtouch,\noverriding the standard ‚Äòrational imitation‚Äô effect. This\nsuggests that toddlers‚Äô knowledge of argument structure\nincludes an understanding of a means/outcome divide in verb\nmeaning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"agents"},{"word":"goals"},{"word":"event perception"},{"word":"development"},{"word":"argument structure"},{"word":"verb meaning"},{"word":"imitation"}],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0f53h1v3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kline","name_suffix":"","institution":"MIT","department":""},{"first_name":"Jesse","middle_name":"","last_name":"Snedeker","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25570/galley/15194/download/"}]},{"pk":25645,"title":"A Bayesian Framework for LearningWords From Multiword Utterances","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Current computational models of word learning make use of\ncorrespondences between words and observed referents, but as\nof yet cannot‚Äîas human learners do‚Äîleverage information\nregarding the meaning of other words in the lexicon. Here we\ndevelop a Bayesian framework for word learning that learns\na lexicon from multiword utterances. In a set of three simulations\nwe demonstrate this framework‚Äôs functionality, consistency\nwith experimental work, and superior performance in\ncertain learning tasks with respect to a Bayesian word leaning\nmodel that treats word learning as inferring the meaning of\neach word independently. This framework represents the first\nstep in modeling the potential synergies between referential\nand distributional cues in word learning","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"word learning; Bayesian inference; artificial language\nlearning; distributional learning"}],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wk7n803","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Stephan","middle_name":"C","last_name":"Meylan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":""},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"L","last_name":"Griffiths","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25645/galley/15269/download/"}]},{"pk":25849,"title":"A Bayesian hierarchical model of local-global processing: visual crowding\nas a case-study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We explore the interaction between local-global informa-\ntion processing in visual perception, leveraging a visual\nphenomenon known as crowding, whereby the perception\nof a target stimulus is impaired by the presence of nearby\n\nankers. The majority of established models explain\nthe crowding e?ect in terms of local interactions. How-\never, recent experimental results indicate that a classical\ncrowding e?ect, the deterioration in the discrimination\nof a vernier stimulus embedded in a square, is alleviated\nby the presence of additional \nanker squares (\\uncrowd-\ning\"). Here, we propose that crowding and uncrowding\narise from cortical inferences about hierarchically orga-\nnized groups, and formalize this concept using a hierarchi-\ncal Bayesian model. We show that the model reproduces\nboth crowding and uncrowding for \nanked vernier discrim-\nination. More generally, the model provides a normative\nexplanation of how visual information might simultane-\nously \now bottom-up, top-down, and laterally, to allow\nthe visual system to interactively process local and global\nfeatures in the visual scene.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98m8569z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shunan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, San Diego","department":""},{"first_name":"Man","middle_name":"","last_name":"Song","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, San Diego","department":""},{"first_name":"Angela","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Yu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, San Diego","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25849/galley/15473/download/"}]},{"pk":25466,"title":"A Bayesian Latent Mixture Approach to Modeling Individual Differences\nin Categorization Using General Recognition Theory","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Decision-bound models of categorization like General Recognition\nTheory (GRT: Ashby & Townsend, 1986) assume that\npeople divide a stimulus space into different response regions,\nassociated with different categorization decisions. These models\nhave traditionally been applied to empirical data using standard\nmodel-fitting methods like maximum likelihood estimation.\nWe implement the GRT as a Bayesian latent mixture\nmodel to infer both qualitative individual differences in the\ntypes of decision bounds people use, and quantitative differences\nin where they place the bounds. We apply this approach\nto a previous data set with two category structures tested under\ndifferent cognitive loads. Our results show that different participants\ncategorize by applying diagonal, vertical, or horizontal\ndecision bounds. Various types of contaminant behavior are\nalso found, depending on the category structures and presence\nor absence of load. We argue that our Bayesian latent mixture\nframework offers a powerful approach to studying individual\ndifferences in categorization.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"category learning; decision bound models; General\nRecognition Theory; Bayesian inference; latent mixture\nmodel"}],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16d5b6f6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Irina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Danileiko","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"D","last_name":"Lee","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"L","last_name":"Kalish","name_suffix":"","institution":"Psychology Department, Syracuse University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25466/galley/15090/download/"}]},{"pk":36079,"title":"Abstracts","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/11s1p2rj","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36079/galley/26931/download/"}]},{"pk":36052,"title":"Abstracts","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74r0k716","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36052/galley/26904/download/"}]},{"pk":36087,"title":"Academic Language, English Language Learners, and Systemic Functional Linguistics: Connecting Theory and Practice in Teacher Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Teacher educators need linguistic tools to help preservice teachers develop a deeper understanding of the academic language demands of the literacy practices required by the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). Systemic functional linguistics (SFL) serves as a tool for developing teachers’ knowledge of contentarea language. Teachers’ increased knowledge of language facilitates the construction of language-focused instruction to support the academic literacy development of English language learners. I introduce SFL theory and illustrate how I put the theory into practice to support the literacy development of beginning-level English language learners in a middle school classroom. I include recommendations for teachers and teacher educators regarding how to embed the theory in classroom practice and teacher preparation.","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"CATESOL Exchanges","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d7774sv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schulze","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nevada State College","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36087/galley/26939/download/"}]},{"pk":36084,"title":"Academic Writing for Graduate-Level English as a Second Language Students: Experiences in Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Graduate-level ESL students in Education are future multicultural educators and promising role models for our diverse K-12 students. However, many of these students struggle with academic English and, in particular, writing. Yet, little research or program development addresses the specific writing support needs of this group. This article shares curriculum development for an Academic Writing Seminar serving linguistically diverse graduate students in Education. It reports on a study of the student backgrounds, writing experiences, writing self-efficacy, and instructional feedback preferences. Most participants had low writing self-efficacy and an eagerness to receive detailed feedback on grammar and mechanics in their writing. Problems in their writing were similar to common issues in college writing, but the participants expressed a distinct willingness to share their work for peer editing and conferences. Further research is needed on ways to mobilize such strengths and provide targeted writing support for ESL graduate students in Education.","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Theme Section - Feature Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/33n25574","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rebekah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sidman-Taveau","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cañada College","department":""},{"first_name":"Katya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Karathanos-Aguilar","name_suffix":"","institution":"San José State University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36084/galley/26936/download/"}]},{"pk":25939,"title":"A Case-Based Reasoning Approach to Providing High-Quality Feedback on\nComputer Programming Exercises","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Automated assessment and immediate feedback are staple features of modern e-learning systems. In the case of\nprogramming exercises, most systems only provide binary (correct/incorrect) feedback, which is often inadequate for students\nstruggling with the material, as they may need expert guidance in order to successfully overcome obstacles to understanding.\nWe propose a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) approach to improve the quality of feedback on programming exercises. CBR is\na machine learning technique that solves problems based on previous experiences (cases). Every time the instructor provides\nfeedback to a student on a particular exercise, the information is stored in a database as a past case. When students experience\nsimilar problems in the future, knowledge contained in past cases is used to guide the students to a solution. While the system\nwill provide detailed feedback automatically, this feedback will have been previously crafted by human instructors, leveraging\ntheir pedagogical expertise.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Member Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75q4f088","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Angelo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kyrilov","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Merced","department":""},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Noelle","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Merced","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25939/galley/15563/download/"}]},{"pk":25996,"title":"Accuracy and awareness of image veracity in human perceptions of manipulated\nand unmanipulated images","subtitle":null,"abstract":"To investigate accuracy and awareness of human perceptions of image manipulation, we examined 80 participants‚Äô\nverbal reports of image manipulation in 14 manipulated and unmanipulated images, and compared these responses to data\nrecordings of their eye movements. We found that in aggregate participants achieved only 56.0% success in correctly identifying\nwhether images have been manipulated or not in verbal responses. Examination of participant eyegaze recordings shows that\nin some cases the participants‚Äô eyegaze fixates on the manipulated elements of images although they fail to report this verbally,\nindicating that they may perceive the manipulations at a non-conscious level.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Member Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/555992hb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Caldwell","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sabrina","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Australian National University","department":""},{"first_name":"Gedeon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tamas","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Australian National University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jones","middle_name":"","last_name":"Richard","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Australian National University","department":""},{"first_name":"Copeland","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leana","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Australian National University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25996/galley/15620/download/"}]},{"pk":25854,"title":"A Communal Exchange-based Framework for Cultural Evolution","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"cognitive evolution; communal exchange;\ncontextual focus; creativity; cultural evolution; dual process"}],"section":"Publication-Based Presentations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1v43k51r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Liane","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gabora","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of British Columbia","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25854/galley/15478/download/"}]},{"pk":25676,"title":"A Comparison of Small Crowd Selection Methods","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The literature on the wisdom of crowds argues that in most\nsituations, the aggregated judgments of a large crowd perform\nwell relative to the average individual. There are, however,\nmany real-world cases where crowds perform poorly. A small\ncrowd literature has since developed, finding that better\nperforming small crowds often exist within whole crowds.\nWe compare previously proposed small crowd selection\nmethods based on absolute or relative group performance to a\nnew sequential search method and find that it selects better\nperforming small crowds more consistently for forecasts of\nreal gross domestic product (GDP) growth, inflation\n(measured by consumer price index, CPI), and unemployment\nrate made by US and Euro-zone surveys of professional\nforecasters.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Wisdom of crowds; select crowds; US survey of\nprofessional forecasters; ECB survey of professional\nforecasters"}],"section":"Papers","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jq993h3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Henrik","middle_name":"","last_name":"Olsson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warwick","department":""},{"first_name":"Jane","middle_name":"","last_name":"Loveday","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warwick","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25676/galley/15300/download/"}]},{"pk":25968,"title":"A Computational Account of Novel Word Generalization","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A key challenge faced by children in vocabulary acquisition is learning which of the many possible meanings is\nappropriate for a word. The word generalization problem refers to how children associate a word such as dog with a meaning\nat the appropriate category level in the taxonomy of objects, such as Dalmatians, dogs, or animals. We present extensions to\na cross-situational learner that enable the first computational study of word generalization integrated within a word learning\nmodel. The model simulates child patterns of word generalization due to the interaction of type and token frequencies in the\ninput data, an influence often observed in usage-based approaches to underlie people‚Äôs generalization of linguistic categories.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Member Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b64n5sg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aida","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nematzadeh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Erin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Grant","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Suzanne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stevenson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2015-01-01T19:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/25968/galley/15592/download/"}]}]}