This study investigates whether crosslinguistic constraints on subject selection in physical causative constructions extend to causative psychological verbs (psych verbs, e.g., frighten, surprise), with a focus on subject volitionality. According to Wolff et al.’s (2009) initiator hypothesis, languages tend to restrict subjecthood in causative events to entities that can plausibly initiate a causal chain. While this has been established for physical causatives, it remains unclear whether similar constraints apply in psychological causation. To test this, we conducted an Acceptability Judgment Task in which native speakers of Korean, Mandarin Chinese, and English rated grammatical sentences varying in subject volitionality. The results showed that only Korean speakers consistently dispreferred non-volitional subjects, suggesting that their subject selection is more constrained by volitionality. These findings indicate that the initiator hypothesis extends beyond physical causatives to psych verbs and that crosslinguistic variation in subject selection persists across domains.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Brief Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/04v9z9b5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jihyun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kim","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of York","department":"Education"},{"first_name":"Heather","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marsden","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of York","department":"Language and Linguistic Science"}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-24T14:32:14.980000+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-13T22:44:19.639000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-23T16:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML with trailing period and space issues fixed","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/49020/galley/48145/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF with trailing period and space fixes","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/49020/galley/48144/download/"},{"label":"XML with trailing period and space issues fixed","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/49020/galley/48145/download/"}]},{"pk":61693,"title":"Hacia una dialéctica de la revolución: el nacimiento del nuevo cine cubano ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The triumph of the Cuban Revolution led to the translation of the Cold War to the American continent and also established, as Pedro Martínez and Pablo Rubio explain, a new utopian paradigm of social change that in addition to disrupting the political equilibriums or status quo of the time, was projected as an alternative ideological framework to the rest of the Latin American countries. Departing from a review of some documentary works by filmmaker Santiago Álvarez as a pioneer figure of the new Cuban cinema, this article traces and reconstructs an archeology of a social imaginary of revolution that permeated the Latin American public sphere since the 1960s, to investigate its ideological content and reflect, in turn, on the traumatic dimension that structures all social imaginaries of revolution.
\nEl triunfo de la revolución cubana desembocó en la traslación de la Guerra Fría al continente americano y a su vez estableció, tal como explican Pedro Martínez y Pablo Rubio, un nuevo paradigma utópico de cambio social que además de trastocar los equilibrios políticos de la época, se proyectó como una alternativa ideológica al status quo en el resto de los países latinoamericanos. A partir de la revisión de la obra documental de Santiago Álvarez como figura pionera del entonces nuevo cine cubano, este artículo rastrea y reconstruye una arqueología de los imaginarios de revolución que abundaron en América Latina desde la década del sesenta, con el fin de indagar en su contenido ideológico y reflexionar, a su vez, sobre la dimensión traumática que estructura todos los imaginarios revolucionarios.
\n","language":"spa","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Santiago Álvarez"},{"word":"ICAIC"},{"word":"Cuban Cinema"},{"word":"film-essay"},{"word":"Tomás Gutiérrez Alea"},{"word":"Memories of Underdevelopment"},{"word":"revolution"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rx8g8tk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"María","middle_name":"","last_name":"Díaz Miranda","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-24T03:51:17.782000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-23T19:32:49.482987+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-23T15:33:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61693/galley/47595/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61693/galley/47595/download/"}]},{"pk":61692,"title":"La identidad en los muros públicos: Análisis lingüístico y temático del paisaje lingüístico transgresor en dos ciudades catalanas","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Este estudio analiza patrones lingüísticos en la construcción identitaria dentro del paisaje lingüístico transgresor de Sant Cugat del Vallès y Santa Coloma de Gramenet, las ciudades de Cataluña con mayor (82,2 %) y menor (50,7 %) proporción de hablantes de catalán (Generalitat de Catalunya, Informe de Política Lingüística 11). Se recorrieron todas las calles y espacios públicos de ambas ciudades, y se documentaron 591 signos transgresores (pintadas, grafitis, carteles, stencils, pegatinas y otros signos creados sin autorización oficial). Se etiquetaron la lengua, la ubicación y el tema de cada signo en Adobe Lightroom Classic, y se identificaron correlaciones entre estas variables. El catalán es la lengua predominante en el paisaje lingüístico transgresor de Sant Cugat del Vallès, pero su presencia es baja en los signos vulgares y amorosos en ambas ciudades. El castellano y el inglés predominan en los signos que abordan estos temas. Por su parte, el catalán prevalece en los signos de contenido político y feminista. En conjunto, los resultados sugieren que, si bien la demografía lingüística de una ciudad puede favorecer la visibilidad de una lengua minorizada como el catalán en el paisaje lingüístico transgresor, dicha lengua puede tener una presencia reducida en registros vulgares debido a ideologías lingüísticas subyacentes. Este hallazgo destaca los desafíos que enfrentan las lenguas minorizadas al competir con lenguas hegemónicas a nivel estatal (castellano) y global (inglés).
","language":"spa","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Paisaje lingüístico"},{"word":"Catalan"},{"word":"elección de lengua"},{"word":"identidad"},{"word":"ideologías lingüísticas"},{"word":"Cataluña"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2c0156fq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marguerite","middle_name":"","last_name":"Morlan","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-24T03:53:18.193000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-23T19:18:51.285295+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-23T15:19:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61692/galley/47594/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61692/galley/47594/download/"}]},{"pk":61694,"title":"Narrating the Naturalist Novel: Matilde Cherner’s Approach in María Magdalena (1880) ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article examines the narrative strategies employed in María Magdalena: estudio social (1880) by Matilde Cherner. I argue that Cherner’s work is a foundational and revolutionary contribution to Spanish Naturalism primarily for its narratological experimentation within the novela lupanaria (brothel novel) tradition. Though the novel follows some conventions of Naturalist fiction, it simultaneously resists and expands the boundaries of these conventions through innovative narrative techniques, layered narration, and an implicit critique of gender roles and patriarchal society in the novel’s structure itself. Rather than merely depicting the inevitability of social determinism, María Magdalena interrogates it by foregrounding a female voice—albeit mediated through male narrators—and exploring the limitations imposed on women within a rigid moral and social order. Through this complex interplay of narrative voices, pseudonymity and framing devices, Cherner challenges the objective approach of Naturalist literature, introducing ambiguity and subjectivity into a genre traditionally dominated by male scientific authority. In doing so, Cherner’s novel can be considered as pioneering in its own style within Spanish Naturalism.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"naturalism"},{"word":"novela lupanaria"},{"word":"Matilde Cherne"},{"word":"María Magdalena"},{"word":"narrative techniques"},{"word":"19th-century Spanish literature"},{"word":"Rafael Luna"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wf1j4nc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Javier","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cataño-García","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-24T03:48:27.325000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-23T19:16:48.954883+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-23T15:18:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61694/galley/47596/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61694/galley/47596/download/"}]},{"pk":61695,"title":" La revolución filipina: Las manifestaciones de resistencia anticolonial y conflicto identitario en la prensa hispanofilipina ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Este artículo examina la causa revolucionaria en Filipinas a través del estudio de la prensa hispanofilipina durante la transición entre el colonialismo español y el imperialismo estadounidense. Escritos en castellano por periodistas filipinos, los periódicos hispanofilipinos actúan como un espacio de resistencia anticolonial donde el pueblo filipino afirma su agencia política, se opone y negocia con dos regímenes coloniales, y aborda su conflicto identitario frente a la caída del imperio español y el surgimiento de un nuevo poder imperialista. Los tres periódicos de este estudio – República filipina (1899), La patria (1903) y La independencia (1906) – revela cómo la prensa hispanofilipina avanzaba la lucha revolucionaria de manera heterogénea y pragmática, extendiéndose más allá de la dicotomía entre sumisión y rebelión. Además, este artículo destaca la necesidad de analizar la movilización revolucionaria de Filipinas en los estudios de la guerra hispano-estadounidense y el anticolonialismo transnacional.
","language":"spa","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Filipinas"},{"word":"prensa hispanofilipina"},{"word":"anticolonialismo"},{"word":"revolución anticolonial"},{"word":"resistencia popular"},{"word":"identidad nacional"},{"word":"Sur Global."}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gq1z08r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Noelle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Whitman","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-24T03:46:04.028000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-23T19:11:58.194174+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-23T15:13:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61695/galley/47597/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lucero/article/61695/galley/47597/download/"}]},{"pk":49118,"title":"US Emergency Department Use and Operations Amid Natural Disasters: A Narrative Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In the United States from 2014-2024, an average of 18.2 national disasters per year caused over a billion dollars in inflation-adjusted damage, compared with 3.3 national disasters per year during the 1980s. The increased frequency and intensity of severe weather phenomena—attributed by climate science experts to climate change—have raised concerns about national emergency preparedness. One aspect of emergency preparedness is the functioning of emergency departments (ED). In this narrative review, we examine patterns of ED use and operations amid natural disasters in the US, with a special focus on vulnerable populations. The review highlights studies comparing ED use patterns between periods of disaster and non-disaster for specific disaster types, including hurricanes, wildfires, floods, winter storms, and earthquakes, as well as studies that identify disaster-mediated changes in ED visits among specific populations, including the elderly, individuals experiencing homelessness, children and youth with special health care needs, and individuals with chronic medical and psychiatric conditions. Finally, we highlight the challenges posed to EDs by these disasters, including crowding, resource scarcity, and operational strain, and proposed steps to strengthen ED preparedness for climate-related disasters.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"Hospital emergency service"},{"word":"Disaster Planning"},{"word":"natural disasters"},{"word":"Weather"},{"word":"climate change"}],"section":"Disaster Medicine/ Emergency Medical Services","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5hg340cq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Atrik","middle_name":"","last_name":"Patel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":""},{"first_name":"Ashley","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Foster","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Erica","middle_name":"Y.","last_name":"Popovsky","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois","department":""},{"first_name":"Andrea","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fawcett","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Department of Clinical and Organizational Development, Chicago, Illinois","department":""},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Hoffmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-25T19:40:53+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-16T23:36:35.123000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-23T02:26:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/49118/galley/49068/download/"}]},{"pk":49006,"title":"Systematic Review of Interventions to Optimize Emergency Department Care of Patients with Cancer","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Approximately 12% of patients with cancer annually visit the emergency department (ED) for disease- or treatment-related issues. These patients often face delays in care, including prolonged wait times and extended length of stay (LOS), contributing to ED crowding, delayed treatment, and increased mortality. Numerous studies have investigated interventions to reduce LOS and prevent ED visits for patients with cancer. However, a systematic overview of these interventions is currently lacking. In this review we aimed to present interventions that optimize input, throughput and output in ED care by reducing ED LOS or ED visits for patients with cancer.
\nMethods: We searched five electronic library databases: Medline ALL via Ovid; Embase.com; Web of Science Core Collection; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via Wiley; and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria for this review were as follows: 1) research on (a subset of) patients with cancer; 2) conducted in or in collaboration with the ED; 3) the introduction of an intervention aimed at optimizing ED input, throughput, and output; and 4) performance of the intervention was measured using outcomes, such as ED LOS, number of ED visits or hospitalizations, use of acute-care services, or time to antibiotics.
\nResults: The literature search yielded 11,357 articles. After removing duplicates, 7,315 unique articles remained for screening. Of these, 109 were selected for detailed abstract review. Following this second screening, 35 articles underwent full-text analysis, and 16 articles met all inclusion criteria. These studies identified four categories of interventions: scoring systems (n=5); dedicated cancer urgent care facilities (n=5); protocolized care (n=3); and staffing optimization (n=3). Among scoring systems, use of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale reduced ED visits (relative rate (RR) = 0.92) and hospitalizations (RR = 0.86), while the Clinical Index of Stable Febrile Neutropenia score showed higher specificity (98.3%) than the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer score (54.2%) for identifying low-risk febrile neutropenia.
\nConclusion: We identified four categories of intervention that could potentially reduce ED visits and ED LOS, of which scoring systems showed the most potential. Rather than developing new tools, future efforts should prioritize the implementation, validation, and refinement of these existing strategies to optimize treatment of cancer patients in the emergency department.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"Cancer Patients"},{"word":"interventions"},{"word":"Acute CareHealth Care Quality."},{"word":"acute care"},{"word":"Health Care Quality."},{"word":"Health care Quality"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15s7q909","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"G.A.","last_name":"den Duijn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Monica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Muharam","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Maarten","middle_name":"F.M.","last_name":"Engel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Medical Library, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Rob","middle_name":"J.C.G.","last_name":"Verdonschot","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Nick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wlazlo","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Gerrie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Prins-van Gilst","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Monique","middle_name":"E.M.M.","last_name":"Bos","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""},{"first_name":"Jelmer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Alsma","name_suffix":"","institution":"Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-15T16:52:37.791000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-29T22:36:07.610000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-22T11:11:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/49006/galley/49047/download/"}]},{"pk":48866,"title":"Decoding Emergency Department Dissatisfaction: Factors Associated with Patient Complaints","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patient experience has important implications for hospitals and patient care including its ties to reputation, reimbursement, and clinical outcomes. Despite its importance, little is known about how operational factors in the emergency department (ED) impact formal complaints. In this study we aimed to identify encounter-level operational characteristics associated with the risk of formal patient complaints.
\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective matched-cohort study of ED encounters between October 2023–December 2024 at three EDs affiliated with a large academic health system. Each complaint case was matched to three non-complaint cases (3:1 matching) based on age, sex, race/ethnicity, acuity score, and chief complaint. We used logistic regression to assess the associations between operational factors and the likelihood of submitting a formal complaint. A Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons with statistical significance set at P < .005.
\nResults: Of 246,983 ED visits, 476 (0.19%) formal complaints were submitted. These were matched with 1,428 non-complaint cases. Baseline characteristics, which included age, sex, race/ethnicity, primary insurance, and chief complaint, did not differ, by design, between groups. Analysis revealed that ED length of stay ≥ 12 hours (odds ratio OR 3.12; 95% CI, 2.34-4.18) and an average of more than one ED visit per month (2.00; 1.45-2.73) were significantly associated with increased odds of filing a complaint. In contrast, any imaging performed during the visit (0.43; 0.35-0.54), hospital admission (0.72; 0.57-0.90), and presenting to the ED during a high-volume time (0.47; 0.33-0.67) were significantly associated with decreased odds of filing a complaint.
\nConclusion: Length of stay > 12 hours and frequent ED visits were associated with a significantly increased complaint risk. Any form of diagnostic imaging, admission to the hospital, and presenting to the ED during a high-volume period were associated with fewer complaints. These findings offer ED and hospital leadership insights on the patient experience and highlight that improving capacity constraints for all patients can have downstream benefits for those who submit formal complaints.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Patient complaints"},{"word":"Patient Experience"},{"word":"operational metrics"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"healthcare quality"},{"word":"patient satisfaction"},{"word":"Quality Improvement"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vz9p4vk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mitchell","middle_name":"","last_name":"Blenden","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Rohit","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Sangal","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Craig","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rothenberg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Wendy","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Sun","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Kwame","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tuffuor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Suresh","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Pavuluri","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Reinier","middle_name":"","last_name":"Van Tonder","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Sharon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chekijian","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Eleanor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Reid","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""},{"first_name":"Vivek","middle_name":"","last_name":"Parwani","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-03T01:07:29.106000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-26T22:44:07.242000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-22T11:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48866/galley/49044/download/"}]},{"pk":50527,"title":"Accuracy of Emergency Physicians in Grading Diastolic Dysfunction Using Visual Estimation of Waveforms","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diastolic dysfunction occurs when the ventricular walls of the heart stiffen and fail to relax appropriately. Early recognition in the emergency department (ED) enables identification of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, guides antihypertensive and diuretic therapy, and facilitates timely cardiology referral to reduce morbidity and readmissions. Prior studies show emergency physicians (EP) can diagnose diastolic dysfunction with point-of-care ultrasound using mitral valve inflow velocities and tissue Doppler indices, although quantitative measurements are time-consuming. This study evaluates whether EPs can accurately diagnose and grade diastolic dysfunction based solely on visualization of mitral valve inflow velocities and tissue Doppler wave forms.
\nMethods: After a focused training session, EPs (postgraduate year 1-3 residents, ultrasound fellows, and attendings) were randomized to review archived echocardiograms obtained by certified technicians. The EPs visually assessed echocardiograms for diastolic dysfunction (grades I-III) and whether they were considered “severe” (grade III). Their interpretations were then compared with a cardiologist’s gold-standard readings.
\nResults: Twenty-three EPs interpreted 100 echocardiograms containing 25 of each grade. Overall accuracy for exact grading was 54.8%. Ultrasound attendings scored highest (70.0%), followed by non-ultrasound fellows (55.0%), attendings (54.0%), and residents (52.9%). For identification of any diastolic dysfunction, the EPs had a sensitivity of 84.6% (95% CI, 78.5-89.5%), specificity of 44.8% (95% CI, 31.7-58.5%), positive likelihood ratio (+LR) 1.53 (95% CI, 1.21-1.95), and negative likelihood ratio (-LR) 0.34 (95% CI, 0.22-0.54). For identification of severe diastolic dysfunction, the EPs’ intrepretations had a sensitivity of 59.4% (95% CI, 46.4-71.5%), specificity of 90.3% (95% CI, 85.0-94.3%), +LR 6.15 (95% CI 3.75-10.09), and -LR 0.45 (95% CI, 0.33-0.61).
\nConclusion: Emergency physicians can visually estimate diastolic function using mitral valve inflow velocities and tissue Doppler morphology with good sensitivity for detecting dysfunction and high specificity for identifying severe cases.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"POCUS"},{"word":"ultrasound"},{"word":"Echocardiography"},{"word":"Heart Failure"},{"word":"diastolic dysfunction"}],"section":"Cardiology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5h86c4mf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Puebla","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Edward","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lopez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Loma Linda University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Tarang","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kheradia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Tony","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zitek","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Kaiser Permanente Modesto Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Modesto, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Anthony","middle_name":"","last_name":"Catapano","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Farrow II","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"H.","last_name":"Kinas","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-31T17:27:48.790000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-14T23:39:29.439000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-22T10:47:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50527/galley/49063/download/"}]},{"pk":48490,"title":"Effect of Ice Consistency and Sodium Chloride Additives on Cooling Speed and Final Temperature for Cold Water–Ice Immersion in Heat Stroke","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Heat stroke can rapidly progress to end organ damage and death if not promptly treated. The diagnosis is characterized by core body temperature > 40.5 °C. In this study we evaluate how the form of ice (crushed vs cubed), the addition of sodium chloride, and the initial temperature of water together affect the rate of cooling for standardized cooling bath mixtures used to treat patients experiencing heat stroke.
\nMethods: We prepared four cold water immersion mixtures using 12 quarts of ice and 12 quarts of water (11.36 liters) under different conditions:
Test Case 1: Cubed ice with trauma bay tap water (~35 °C);
Test Case 2: Crushed ice with cold tap water (~24 °C);
Test Case 3: Crushed ice with cold tap water plus four pounds of rock salt;
Test Case 4: Cubed ice with cold tap water,
After each mixture was poured into a 40-quart bucket and mixed thoroughly, we recorded the temperature at 20-second intervals over a total duration of 300 seconds using a food-grade thermometer. Room temperature during the experiment was 25.0 °C.
Results: After 100 seconds, water from the trauma bay with cubed ice reached 6.2 °C, while cold tap water with cubed ice cooled to a slightly lower temperature of 5.5 °C. Crushed ice in cold tap water reached an even lower temperature of 3.6 °C. The coldest mixture was made with crushed ice with salt, which rapidly reduced the water temperature to 2.2 °C. It took approximately 300 seconds for all test groups to approach equilibrium, with final temperatures of 2.4. °C for cubed ice in trauma bay water, 1.4 °C for cubed ice in cold tap water, 1.2 °C for crushed ice in cold tap water, and 0.2 °C for crushed ice with salt in cold tap water.
\nConclusion: A mixture of cold tap water, crushed ice, and sodium chloride achieved a lower equilibrium temperature and cooled more rapidly than mixtures lacking salt, using cubed ice, or prepared with warmer initial water temperature. These findings suggest that optimizing cold water immersion protocols with crushed ice, added salt, and the coolest available tap water may enhance cooling speed in simulated mixtures. Whether these differences translate into improved patient outcomes remains to be determined.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Heat stroke"},{"word":"cold water immersion"},{"word":"hyperthermic emergencies"},{"word":"hyperthermia"}],"section":"Climate Change","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qx489x2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"Jacob","last_name":"Goldmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Residency, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Bryan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yavari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine–Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Sklar","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of Medicine, Emergency Medicine Residency, Phoenix, Arizona; Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine–Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-27T20:43:26.296000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-11T05:28:45.021000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-22T10:34:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48490/galley/49050/download/"}]},{"pk":48604,"title":"Use of D-dimer to Screen for Cerebral Pathology in ED Patients with Non-traumatic Headache and Normal Neurological Exam\n","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Our goal in this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of bedside D-dimer testing for identifying secondary headache due to intracranial pathology among patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with non-traumatic headache and no neurological deficits.
\nMethods: We conducted this prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study across six tertiary care EDs in Türkiye. Adult patients presenting with non-traumatic headache and no neurological deficits who underwent cranial computed tomography (CT) based on clinical suspicion for intracranial pathology were enrolled. Exclusion criteria were recent trauma, pregnancy, fever, hematologic conditions, and known intracranial pathology. We measured bedside D-dimer using a D-dimer assay with a predefined threshold of 500 nanograms per milliliter. The primary outcome was secondary headache related to intracranial pathologies as determined on the index CT and additional tests as needed or during one-month follow-up.
\nResults: Of the 3,279 patients screened, 1,522 were included in the final analysis. Secondary headache due to intracranial pathology was identified in 57 patients (3.7%). The most common etiologies were subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 20, 35.1%), ischemic stroke (n = 16, 28.1%), cerebral vein thrombosis (n = 6, 10.5%), and subdural hemorrhage (n=6, 10.5%). Bedside D-dimer demonstrated a sensitivity of 82.5% (95% CI, 70-91%) and specificity of 89.2% (95% CI, 87-91%) for identifying intracranial pathology, with a positive likelihood ratio of 7.6 (95% CI, 6.3-9.2) and negative likelihood ratio of 0.2 (95% CI, 0.1-0.35). Diagnostic accuracy was highest for cerebral venous thrombosis: sensitivity was 100% with a wide CI (95% CI, 54-100%), specificity was 86.8% (95% CI, 85-88%), and positive likelihood ratio was 7.6 (95% CI, 6.7-8.6). For subarachnoid hemorrhage, where sensitivity reached 90% (95% CI, 68-99%), specificity was 87.5% (95% CI, 86-89%), the positive likelihood ratio was 7.2 (95% CI: 5.9–8.8), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.1 (95% CI: 0.03-0.4).
\nConclusion: Bedside D-dimer testing showed moderate performance as a screening adjunct in ruling out secondary headache due to intracranial causes in ED patients with non-traumatic headache and no neurological findings.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"D-dimer"},{"word":"non-traumatic headache"},{"word":"emergency department"}],"section":"Neurology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nb5460z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cenker","middle_name":"","last_name":"Eken","name_suffix":"","institution":"Denipollife Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"Mustafa","middle_name":"","last_name":"serinken","name_suffix":"","institution":"Denipollife Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"faruk","middle_name":"","last_name":"güngör","name_suffix":"","institution":"ASV Yaşam Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Antalya, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"ömer","middle_name":"","last_name":"akdağ","name_suffix":"","institution":"Isparta State Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Isparta, Türkiye","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-16T14:16:38.991000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-06T23:47:06.267000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-22T10:25:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48604/galley/49054/download/"}]},{"pk":50821,"title":"Crustal-Scale Signatures of Steady-State Thermal Inheritance: Insights from the South China Sea","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Long-lived lateral variations in radiogenic heat production create persistent thermal heterogeneities that shape continental lithosphere over geological timescales. We introduce a steady-state concept of thermal inheritance, linking these variations to crustal-scale strain localization and tectonic architecture.
Using numerical models, we explore both crustal- and lithospheric-scale consequences of heterogeneous heat production. A key finding is that lateral variations in heat production leave a distinct crustal-scale tectonic signature, controlling patterns of strain localization. The South China Sea serves as a proof-of-concept: the segmented, oblique extension observed there aligns with zones of mechanically weaker crust, reflecting the underlying inherited thermal heterogeneity.
These results highlight that crustal-scale tectonic features can emerge from steady-state thermal conditions, independently of transient anomalies. They provide a quantitative framework linking inherited thermal structure to observable deformation patterns. More broadly, our study suggests that laterally heterogeneous heat production offers a physically motivated alternative to traditional exponential-decay models, better capturing the spatial complexity and persistence of lithospheric thermal structure.
By emphasizing the crustal imprint of thermal inheritance, we demonstrate that radiogenic heat variations are a fundamental control on strain localization and tectonic segmentation. This approach opens a new perspective on how long-lived thermal heterogeneities shape continental deformation and the architecture of lithospheric structures over hundreds of millions of years.
Emmer wheat and barley were the two staple foods of ancient Egypt. Every year the fertile regions of Egypt would have been covered with crops of these two cereals, and the lives of the vast majority of the population—the non-royal, non-scribal rural peoples—would have revolved around growing and processing cereals. Cereal production and processing were such vital parts of life that these activities were depicted on the walls of non-royal (“elite”) tombs among the repertoire of daily-life activities. Additionally, small models showing these activities, as well as baskets of cereal grains, were placed inside the tombs in order to ensure an eternal supply of cereals to the deceased in the afterlife. Due to the close association of the god Osiris with cereals, fertility, and the afterlife, Osiris beds or bricks also became popular additions to the funerary equipment in later periods.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Archaeology"},{"word":"archaeobotany"},{"word":"wheat"},{"word":"Barley"}],"section":"Natural Environment","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9430w91s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Claire","middle_name":"","last_name":"Malleson","name_suffix":"","institution":"American University in Beirut","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2020-12-23T01:05:38+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-18T10:33:02.937523+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-20T16:54:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"Cereals galley","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3915/galley/48709/download/"}]},{"pk":63034,"title":"JDEED Title and Masthead for Issue 1","subtitle":null,"abstract":"JDEED Title and Masthead for Issue 1
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Letter from the Editors","is_remote":false,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vz8p9p9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Derisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Grant","name_suffix":"","institution":"derisa@gmail.com","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-18T19:39:17.200811+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-18T21:20:37.739106+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-18T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[]},{"pk":3863,"title":"Thoth of Pnubs","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In Nubia, Thoth was venerated as, among other manifestations, Thoth of Pnubs. He is only attested in Lower Nubia, either in temple reliefs and inscriptions, or in graffiti. In the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods, a rather large temple was built at el-Dakka for Thoth of Pnubs, Lord of Pselchis (el-Dakka). There he is depicted in two forms, as a seated baboon under the nbs-tree, and anthropomorphically, with the four-feathered crown of Onuris, whose characteristics he assumed. Thoth of Pnubs developed into a composite god, combining features of Thoth of Hermopolis, Onuris, and Shu, fulfilling the same role as Shu in the myth of the Return of the Distant Goddess.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"epithet"},{"word":"Nubia"},{"word":"baboon"}],"section":"Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/878821s5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Martina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Minas-Nerpel","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Trier","department":"Egyptology","country":"Germany"}],"date_submitted":"2011-12-28T19:53:52+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-17T16:09:18.631432+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-18T09:56:41.492386+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"Galley Thoth of Pnubs","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3863/galley/48756/download/"}]},{"pk":63024,"title":"Play It Again, HAL: Evaluating Fair Use in Generative Music Artificial Intelligence Training","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates fair use in the context of the training process for generative music AI systems, such as those creating text-to-music, voice-to-music, instrumental-only, lyrics-only, and other outputs. Training data for such systems is comprised of musical compositions and sound recordings, much of which is under copyright. This paper considers the four fair use factors and how courts may weigh them in favor of, or against, fair use in the unauthorized copying of copyrighted works for music AI training. This paper adopts the approach outlined in Andy Warhol Found. for the Visual Arts v. Goldsmith, 598 U.S. 508 (2023) for the first fair use factor, which emphasizes proper framing of the specific use and the purpose of the allegedly infringing secondary work at issue—here, the generative music AI system and its use by end-users. This paper will consider three possible views of the purpose of a generative music AI system (as a tool, as entertainment, and as functional music) and illustrate how each framing may influence the analysis of each fair use factor and the ultimate result of the fair use inquiry.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bs5j3fg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-18T03:58:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/63024/galley/48678/download/"}]},{"pk":63022,"title":"Fair Comment: Restoring the Rightful Scope of Fair Use and Free Speech after Elster and Warhol","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Social criticism and self-expression are being suppressed under overbroad intellectual property regimes. The United States Supreme Court has had multiple opportunities to apply its precedents on common-law torts, statutory crimes, and administrative regulations to copyright, trademark, and the right of publicity, but it has failed to do so. Indeed, the Court has tripled down on a definitional or internal approach that virtually prohibits First Amendment scrutiny of injunctions or damages against infringing speech in copyright disputes.
\nThis Article explores how the Supreme Court has not carefully considered a constitutional right to engage in commentary in its intellectual property jurisprudence. Cases like Harper & Row, Campbell, Warhol, Jack Daniels, and potentially Elster introduced a necessity test, which helps determine whether imitation of a protected work or personal name should be a free-speech right. Despite different fact patterns and legal theories, cutting across the copyright trademark divide, two of these cases involved First Amendment rights. Harper & Row addressed whether reproduction of excerpts of a United States president’s memoirs or given name was truly necessary to a speaker’s message, and Elster alluded to whether alternative means of expression existed to the use of a former president’s name as the trademark of a t-shirt company. In cases involving commentary on works or brands not connected to public officials, a similar dynamic arose in Campbell, Warhol, and Jack Daniels. While Warhol did not reference free speech, it should have. A right of fair comment could have improved the rulings in each of these cases by focusing on speakers’ and listeners’ interests; the First Amendment’s drafting and intent; and doctrines of viewpoint and content discrimination, overbreadth, vagueness, and chilling effects.
\nFair comment is a familiar principle from libel and slander law and it has been expanded to right of privacy cases in the Supreme Court and to right of publicity cases in the state supreme courts and lower federal courts. One issue is how far designers, artists, sculptors, and brand managers—like those in Warhol, Elster, and Jack Daniels—may go in making fun of images, names, or designs that are iconic, heavily commodified, or even rare or banal. In a more complex statement, freedom of opinion needs to be preserved from strategic deployments of copyright or trademark rights against quite dissimilar art or designs that criticize, comment upon, or parody famous images, trademarks, or trade dress, in a manner that would not be very confusing. Just as fair comment in tort and state statutory cases permits taking some liberties with the reputations, created facts, and messages of other persons, fair comment in federal statutory cases could involve two connected inquiries: whether an alleged infringer knowingly or recklessly violated another’s rights, and whether the reasonably prudent consumer would be confused in trademark disputes or perceive the same “meaning” or “aesthetics” between two or more “works” in copyright ones. The function of these inquiries is to implement the First Amendment’s overbreadth protections against chilling effects, thereby ensuring a wide breathing space for cultural and social comment.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bn0j3mh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hannibal","middle_name":"","last_name":"Travis","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-18T03:30:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/63022/galley/48677/download/"}]},{"pk":63020,"title":"Tackling the Economic Duress Problem with the NFL Franchise Tag","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Since the National Football League (“NFL”) created the Franchise Tag in 1993, 245 NFL players have been offered a one-year franchise tag contract that prevented them from benefitting from the free agent market to realize their true value. NFL players used to have an avenue of suing the NFL by dissolving their union, the National Football League Players Association (“NFLPA”), and challenging the Collective Bargaining Agreement (“CBA”) under antitrust law. However, the Eighth Circuit Court foreclosed such challenges in Brady v. NFL in 2011, removing one of the few tools players had to balance out the bargaining power with NFL Owners.
\nIn this Note, I document the development of the franchise tag and explain its functioning, and discuss the impact of Brady v. NFL on antitrust challenges to the CBA. I then suggest a different method players could employ—suing the NFL for franchise tag contracts as a form of economic duress. Alternatively, the NFL and the NFLPA could negotiate to remove the franchise tag or replace it with a less restrictive form, which would restore voluntariness in NFL contracts. I conclude with the contention that until the top players in the NFL can freely test the market, every player in the NFL will suffer from decreased competition, which drives down the overall player market value.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jb1n5ss","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hancock","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-18T03:21:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/63020/galley/48676/download/"}]},{"pk":63019,"title":"Front Matter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8g17r85n","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-18T03:11:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/63019/galley/48675/download/"}]},{"pk":35249,"title":"Moving away from the island: Extraction from adjunct clauses in Danish","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explore crosslinguistic variation in island sensitivity between Danish and English, specifically focusing on the extraction patterns of different types of adjunct clauses. Additionally, it investigates how context, dependency type, information structure and syntactic structure may impact the acceptability of extraction from adjunct clauses. The results indicate that Danish exhibits acceptability patterns similar to those found in Swedish and Norwegian regarding extraction from conditional and causal adjunct clauses. However, the raw scores of extraction from adjunct clauses are unexpectedly low in Danish. The study discusses potential explanations involving factors related to syntax, discourse function and processing but finds limitations in each approach and concludes that a fine-grained account is needed in order to capture the observed variability. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of island phenomena and highlights the need for investigation involving direct comparisons between languages.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/985605cw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anne Mette","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nyvad","name_suffix":"","institution":"Aarhus University","department":"Department of English"},{"first_name":"Christiane","middle_name":"","last_name":"Müller","name_suffix":"","institution":"Aarhus University","department":"Department of English"},{"first_name":"Ken","middle_name":"Ramshøj","last_name":"Christensen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Aarhus University","department":"Department of English"}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-30T15:45:52.129000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-12-09T11:36:08.301000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-17T18:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/35249/galley/48134/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF with trailing period fixes","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/35249/galley/48133/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/35249/galley/48134/download/"}]},{"pk":47021,"title":"Social associations between voices and words affect learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates whether the relationship between voice gender (female and male voices) and gender-associated meanings (e.g., flower [female] vs. football [male]) influences learning of an artificial lexicon after brief auditory exposure. Participants were trained on 16 novel words in either a gender-aligning condition (i.e., female voices produced novel words with female-associated meanings and male voices produced novel words with male-associated meanings) or a gender-mismatching condition (e.g., female voices produced words with male-associated meanings, etc.). Listeners either heard voices that contain stereotypical or non-stereotypical gross acoustic patterns. Listeners showed worse word learning in gender-mismatching conditions. And, learning performance was mediated by voice stereotypicality. This study demonstrates how gender associations implicitly modulate social attention when learning a new language. Also, since the experiment was under the guise of a language learning application, the results also have implications for gender biases in human-computer interaction and speech technology. More broadly, these findings demonstrate the impact of gender associations on speech perception and language learning.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Regular Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46d7f3k5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Georgia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zellou","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Davis","department":"Linguistics Department"},{"first_name":"Péter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rácz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Budapest University of Technology and Economics","department":"Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences"},{"first_name":"Santiago","middle_name":"","last_name":"Barreda","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Davis","department":"Linguistics Department"}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-14T14:57:48.874000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-22T21:57:17.567000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-17T18:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47021/galley/48665/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47021/galley/48664/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47021/galley/48665/download/"}]},{"pk":3935,"title":"El-Dakka (Pselchis)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The settlement of el-Dakka, ancient Pselchis, is best known for its temple, built and decorated in the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods, but settlement there can be traced back to prehistoric times. At the beginning of the Twelfth Dynasty an Egyptian fortress was built opposite el-Dakka, at Quban (or Contra Pselchis). Lower Nubia formed a military buffer-zone at Egypt’s southern frontier, and Quban and its fortress played a significant role in the establishment of direct Egyptian control over natural resources. Around the fortress a settlement developed during the New Kingdom, when Nubia was Egypt’s southern colony. In the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods el-Dakka was part of the Dodekaschoinos, a border region where a series of temples was built or extended, including the temple of el-Dakka, dedicated to Thoth of Pnubs.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Upper Nile Region","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dk051nz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Martina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Minas-Nerpel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universität Trier","department":"Ägyptologie","country":"Germany"}],"date_submitted":"2022-11-28T14:17:50+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-17T16:01:10.698886+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-17T15:06:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"Galley El-Dakka","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3935/galley/48757/download/"}]},{"pk":48521,"title":"A Cost Analysis of Mobile Integrated Health for Acute Care","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Mobile integrated health programs have emerged as a means to reduce avoidable emergency department (ED) visits and optimize healthcare resource utilization. Such models are estimated to cost less than ED encounters but may be more costly than traditional ambulatory services. However, mobile integrated health is not reimbursed by most payors, and its operational costs are poorly understood. Our objective if this study was to estimate the costs of delivering acute care services through a mobile integrated health program.
\nMethods: This study was performed at an urban academic tertiary care center with a hospital-affiliated emergency medical services agency in which a mobile integrated health program is embedded. Home visits are conducted by paramedics who collaborate with a remotely located, actively engaged physician to evaluate and treat patients. We compiled cost data derived from real-world mobile integrated health patient encounters to account for all the resources needed to perform acute care visits. Mobile integrated health visits were categorized as basic, involving lower complexity evaluations with limited diagnostics, or advanced, which include higher acuity care with intravenous medications and multiple diagnostic studies. We used Monte Carlo simulations to provide probabilistic estimates of the cost per visit of mobile integrated health-facilitated care.
\nResults: Using a Monte Carlo simulation with 1,000 iterations, we established cost estimates for basic and advanced service categories of mobile integrated health services. The median cost of a basic call is $550 (90% CI [$512–$676]), and $1400.00 for an advanced call (90% CI [$810–$1,813]).
\nConclusion: This project, which generated real-world cost estimates for mobile integrated health programs delivering acute care services, offers essential context for policymakers and payors evaluating sustainable reimbursement models. We estimate that mobile integrated health services cost more than the mean cost of most outpatient clinic visits ($160) but remain substantially less expensive than emergency department visits ($2,715) or inpatient admissions ($24,680). These findings should be interpreted with caution, given the limitations of simulation-based estimates in a single system. They highlight the ongoing need to prospectively and rigorously assess the cost-effectiveness of mobile integrated health models.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Mobile Integrated Health; Prehospital Care"},{"word":"emergency medical services"},{"word":"Health Economics"}],"section":"Emergency Department Access","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8p98b057","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Laurel","middle_name":"","last_name":"O'Connor","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Olivia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dunn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, School of Business, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Sophia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Merolle","name_suffix":"","institution":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, School of Business, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Cosette","middle_name":"","last_name":"Salaun","name_suffix":"","institution":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, School of Business, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Bettina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Valentiner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, School of Business, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Joel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rowe","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ulintz","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio","department":""},{"first_name":"Timothy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Boardman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Jan","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Otero","name_suffix":"","institution":"Fire Division, Lake County Board of County Commissioners, Mascotte, Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Martin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Reznek","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Scott","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Goldberg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","department":""},{"first_name":"Renata","middle_name":"","last_name":"Konrad","name_suffix":"","institution":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, School of Business, Worcester, Massachusetts","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-10T20:07:02.541000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-21T01:51:06.966000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-12T19:08:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48521/galley/49070/download/"}]},{"pk":50775,"title":"Association of Electrocardiogram Abnormalities with Clinical Outcomes in Emergency Department Sepsis Patients","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sepsis, a critical condition caused by dysregulated host responses to infection, frequently involves cardiac complications. Electrocardiogram (ECG) provides valuable insights into the cardiovascular status of sepsis patients and may guide early interventions. However, comprehensive data on ECG patterns in sepsis patients within the emergency department (ED) is limited. In this study we aimed to identify common ECG rhythms and patterns in sepsis patients presenting to the ED and analyze their association with poor clinical outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, prolonged hospital stay (> 14 days), and in-hospital mortality.
\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using data from 3,598 adult sepsis patients presenting to the ED of Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand, between January–December 2023. ECG abnormalities were extracted from the automated ECG interpretation system. Cardiologists reviewed only ECGs flagged as potential acute infarction or ST elevation to confirm acute coronary syndrome patterns. We analyzed associations between ECG abnormalities and clinical outcomes using univariate logistic regression models.
\nResults: Common ECG rhythms in sepsis patients included sinus rhythm (41.7%), sinus tachycardia (39.0%), and atrial fibrillation/flutter (8.8%). The automated algorithm identified prolonged QT intervals (54.4%) and ST elevation in 10.4% of patients; however, only 1.7% met cardiologist-confirmed criteria for acute coronary syndrome. Compared with patients with better outcomes, those with poor outcomes more frequently had atrial fibrillation/flutter (14.9 vs. 7.5%), new-onset atrial fibrillation/flutter (6.0 vs. 2.8%), QT prolongation (61.6 vs. 52.9%), and abnormal T waves (10.9 vs. 8.4%), corresponding to odds ratios of 2.19 (95% CI, 1.77-2.69), 2.24 (1.50-3.28), 1.43 (1.20-1.70), and 1.34 (1.01-1.76), respectively.
\nConclusion: Certain ECG abnormalities in sepsis patients are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Incorporating ECG assessments into sepsis protocols may enhance the early identification of high-risk patients and improve management strategies in the ED.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Septic cardiomyopathy"},{"word":"atrial fibrillation"},{"word":"QT interval prolongation"},{"word":"risk stratification"},{"word":"Emergency electrocardiography"},{"word":"Critical illness outcomes"},{"word":"Thailand"}],"section":"Cardiology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fx704wf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Praew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kotruchin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""},{"first_name":"Mingkamon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chuehongthong","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""},{"first_name":"Thanat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tangpaisarn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""},{"first_name":"Nattapat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Serewiwattana","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""},{"first_name":"Pariwat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Phungoen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""},{"first_name":"Thapanawong","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mitsungnern","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""},{"first_name":"Marturod","middle_name":"","last_name":"Buranasakda","name_suffix":"","institution":"Khon Kaen University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-08-28T14:56:22.987000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-12-05T18:47:30.703000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-11T16:34:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50775/galley/49064/download/"}]},{"pk":62954,"title":"A Review of: Ivan Miroshnikov, Antti Marjanen, and Francesca Iacono, The Coptic Versions of the Martyrdom of Saint George: A Study of the Coptic Transmission of the George Legend, with an Edition of Eight Fragmentary Manuscripts in Sahidic, Bohairic, and Fayyumic. Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium 710. Peeters : Leuven — Paris — Bristol, CT 2024, pp. lxxiv + 176.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A book review of CSCO 710 with a Nubiological focus.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4x70n29h","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alexandros","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tsakos","name_suffix":"","institution":"None","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-11T08:24:46.547886+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-11T10:35:03.778243+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-11T16:19:19.273751+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"A Review of: Ivan Miroshnikov, Antti Marjanen, and Francesca Iacono, The Coptic Versions of the Martyrdom of Saint George: A Study of the Coptic Transmission of the George Legend, with an Edition of Eight Fragmentary Manuscripts in Sahidic, Bohairic, and Fayyumic. Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium 710. Peeters : Leuven — Paris — Bristol, CT 2024, pp. lxxiv + 176.","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dotawo/article/62954/galley/48654/download/"}]},{"pk":47239,"title":"Advances in Patient Monitoring Systems for Prehospital and Resource-Limited Settings","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vital sign monitoring is essential to the management of critically ill and injured patients. Recent advances in patient monitoring systems have the potential to improve outcomes by providing real-time data and predictive insights, which are particularly valuable in prehospital and resource-limited settings. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to assess the capabilities, performance, and clinical impact of patient monitoring technologies designed for these environments.
\nMethods: In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a systematic review using PubMed and Scopus search engines on studies published between 2018-2022 that proposed or tested novel patient monitorint systems with utility in prehospital or resource-limited settings. Two reviewers independently screened studies, and discrepancies were resolved by a senior author. Of 217 studies identified in the search, 40 met the proposed inclusion criteria.
\nResults: Compared to standard platforms, wearable and contactless systems for patient monitoring demonstrated high accuracy but with delayed responsiveness and less reliable temperature measurements. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based platforms consistently outperformed well-accepted scoring systems in predicting outcomes such as mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and clinical decompensation. In this review we summarize proposals for prototypes of integrated patient monitoring systems that combine biosensors, AI algorithms, global positioning system, and wireless communication designed to facilitate triage in prehospital settings, and we then compare their components. Various platforms were piloted and demonstrated minimal disruption to workflow and positive user feedback, although most lacked comprehensive cost analyses.
\nConclusions: Emerging patient monitoring system technologies may enhance remote triage and care delivery, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, significant barriers remain, including cost, limited testing in real-world environments, and the lack of higher tiers of evidence. Future efforts should prioritize field-based testing, usability in low-resource settings, and cost-effectiveness analyses to guide clinical adoption.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"prehospital"},{"word":"emergency medical services"},{"word":"vital signs"},{"word":"triage"}],"section":"Emergency Medical Services","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0496b9zg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Justin","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Markel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Huntington Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Pasadena, California","department":""},{"first_name":"Tanner","middle_name":"","last_name":"Smida","name_suffix":"","institution":"West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Morgantown, West Virginia","department":""},{"first_name":"Brad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Price","name_suffix":"","institution":"West Virginia University, Department of Business and Economics, Morgantown, West Virginia","department":""},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bardes","name_suffix":"","institution":"West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Morgantown, West Virginia","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-15T19:55:58.539000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-20T22:28:38.834000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-11T04:54:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47239/galley/49069/download/"}]},{"pk":48817,"title":"Isolated Distal Radius Fracture Reductions in Adult Emergency Department Patients in a Large Healthcare System","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Distal radius fractures account for up to 18% of fractures in older adults and up to 20% of all fractures treated in the emergency department (ED). These fractures often require reduction and immobilization, with different modalities to provide analgesia. Our objective in this study was to summarize the management for distal radius fracture reductions in the real world of community and academic EDs.
\nMethods: Following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) and retrospective chart review guidelines for cohort studies, we identified adult visits for isolated distal radius fractures over a four-year period across three academic and 18 community hospital EDs from more than 490,000 per annum total visits. Visits were grouped by whether they were reduced in the ED. Reductions were further categorized by use of ultrasound-guided nerve block (UGNB), procedural sedation, or hematoma block. We recorded patient demographics, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, and Emergency Severity Index scores. Our primary outcome was patient-reported pain scores (0-10 scale) at presentation and prior to disposition. Secondary outcomes were total milligrams of morphine equivalents administered, ED length of stay and 30-day ED return rates. We used Kruskal-Wallis (numeric) and chi-squared or Fisher exact (categorical) tests to compare characteristics.
\nResults: There were 3,642 total patients with distal radius fractures, and 2,608 (71.6%) met inclusion criteria. Of the patients included, 695 (26.6%) received fracture reduction. Of the reductions performed, 522 (75.1%) received hematoma blocks, 151 (21.7%) received procedural sedation, and 22 (3.2%) received UGNB. The majority of UGNB (72.7%, n = 16), procedural sedation (64.2%, n = 97), and hematoma block reductions (51.3%, n = 268) were performed in community hospital EDs. Patient age was greatest for the hematoma block (median 67 [57, 76]), followed by no ED reduction (65 [51, 77]), UGNB (65 [51, 68]), and procedural sedation (62 [43, 72]) (P < .01 for the four-group comparison). The majority of patients (93.7%) were White and not Hispanic or Latino (94.5%). There was no difference in treatment type by race or ethnicity. Pain score reduction between arrival and the last score reported in the ED was statistically greatest for the procedural sedation group (8 to 4, difference of -4 [-6, -2]), followed by UGNB (8 to 5, difference of -3 [-5, 0]), hematoma block (8 to 5, difference of -3 [-5, 0]) and no reduction (7 to 5, difference of -2 [-4, 0]), (P < .001 for the four-group comparison). Median total milligrams of morphine equivalents was higher for UGNB (7.5 [6.8, 13.9]) and procedural sedation (7.5 [2.0, 14.0]), as compared to hematoma block (6.7 [0, 13.0]) and no ED reduction (4.0 [0.0, 7.5]) (P < .001 for the four-group comparison). Length of stay in the ED was longest for the UGNB group (314 minutes [226, 432]) when compared to hematoma block (275 minutes [204, 370]), procedural sedation (258 minutes [192, 350]) (P = .08), and no reduction (190 [127, 290]) (P < .001 for the four-group comparison). Thirty-day return rates were 16.6% for procedural sedation, 15.1% for hematoma block, 12.3% for no reduction, and 9.1% for UGNB (P = .18).
\nConclusion: Most distal radius fracture reductions were performed with a hematoma block. Ultrasound-guided nerve block was a less commonly used alternative to procedural sedation and was performed predominantly in the community hospital ED setting. Procedural sedation and UGNB were most effective at reducing pain. Triage severity scores, milligrams of morphine equivalents administered, and length of stay were similar between UGNB and procedural sedation.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"ultrasonography interventional"},{"word":"nerve block"},{"word":"Brachial Plexus Block"},{"word":"Wrist Fractures"},{"word":"conscious sedation"},{"word":"hematoma"},{"word":"Anesthesia Local"},{"word":"Closed Fracture Reduction"},{"word":"Emergency Service Hospital"},{"word":"pain management"}],"section":"Clinical Practice","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6n44g0hz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Mahnke","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Vanessa","middle_name":"H.","last_name":"Newburn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Carolina","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Hooper","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Aidan","middle_name":"F.","last_name":"Mullan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Fernanda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bellolio","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fiterman Molinari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-26T19:30:58.604000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-03T07:02:49.901000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-11T04:48:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48817/galley/49057/download/"}]},{"pk":62938,"title":"Immigration Law’s Internal Dimension","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Immigration law is typically conceived as a body of law governing when noncitizens may enter the United States from abroad. But as revealed by recent controversies over migrants bused from Texas to cities like New York and Chicago, immigration law is not only concerned with who may cross the country’s borders, but also where people go within those borders. Immigration law, broadly understood, is not limited to questions of admission and deportation. It also shapes the geographic dispersal of refugees and immigrant workers throughout the United States.
\nThis Article contends that a complete account of immigration law requires understanding the ways in which it regulates the internal migration of noncitizens. This account involves grappling with immigration law both within the federal statutory scheme, and across numerous state and local regulations of undocumented immigrants. Recognizing this internal dimension of immigration law today also reveals a much longer history, stretching back to the country’s earliest controls over entry from abroad. Exploring this history reveals a wealth of alternative conceptions of how state and federal agencies might approach questions of internal migration. In particular, this Article provides an original analysis of a Progressive-era experiment with a federal immigrant labor “distribution” agency: the Division of Information, created within the Bureau of Immigration in 1907.
\nRecovering this largely forgotten history suggests how federal immigration law might be reformed to address challenges of internal migration more directly. Cooperative initiatives between federal and state agencies can increase federal capacity to respond to humanitarian emergencies. Such cooperation may also serve to align federal immigration law more closely with local economic, industrial, and labor policy needs. In contrast, failure to recognize and respond to immigration law’s internal dimension risks inviting a repetition of the “migrant crisis” of the Biden years.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7086f70b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jacob","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hamburger","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-10T19:49:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"9. First to Print_Hamburger","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62938/galley/48645/download/"}]},{"pk":62382,"title":"Abolitionist Community Economic Development: Dismantling Racial Capital and Forging Black Autonomous Futures","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This Note explores Abolitionist Community Economic Development (ACED) as a potential model for radical reform aimed at addressing entrenched racial and economic injustices in Black communities. This Note argues that traditional Community Economic Development (CED) projects often fall short of addressing the root causes of social and economic injustice in Black communities, as they tend to rely on external investment, risk triggering gentrification, and lack focus on redistributing power and rectifying historical injustices. In contrast, ACED emphasizes community ownership, long-term resilience, and direct control over resources, providing a more sustainable and empowering approach to tackling systemic inequalities. Using the framework established by Mabre Stahly-Butts and Amna Akbar in Reforms for Radicals? An Abolitionist Framework, this Note examines ACED initiatives like Cooperation Jackson and The Guild to assess their alignment with criteria for genuine radical change. This analysis demonstrates the potential of ACED to empower Black communities and proposes policy implications for scaling such models.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zg6t1pw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rodrick","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Mahoney","name_suffix":"Jr.","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-10T19:47:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"12. First to Print_Mahoney","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62382/galley/48644/download/"}]},{"pk":62271,"title":"A Library Worthy of a Prince: The Collection of Iʿtiżād al-Salṭana Qajar at the Sipahsālār Library ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In this article we scrutinize the process of founding of one of the prominent manuscript libraries in the Middle East, the Sipahsālār library in Tehran, in particular the circumstances of the creation of an endowment (waqf) for it, and the purchase of a massive private library of the Qajar prince Iʿtiżād al-Salṭana, by the waqf of the library. We will also discuss efforts to catalogue and organize the collections housed in the library, as it continued to grow. To draw a rudimentary picture of the make up of the collection and the special material it holds, we briefly introduce 25 manuscripts in the libray, categorized into different groups, to highlight certain features of the princely collection.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/26r806xs","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hadi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jorati","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","department":"History"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-02T22:39:13.292000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:26:05.027295+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-10T15:26:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48640/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48542/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48633/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48634/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48635/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48639/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62271/galley/48640/download/"}]},{"pk":62285,"title":"Table of Contents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Table of Contents
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jm7d6v8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Farshad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sonboldel","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD","department":"Library"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:59:45.787000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:19:07.954924+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-10T15:25:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62285/galley/48641/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62285/galley/48517/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62285/galley/48641/download/"}]},{"pk":62937,"title":"Patenting Video Gameplay","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Gameplay is the core of video games, a two-hundred-billion-dollar business larger than the film and music industries combined. For years, commentators and public interest groups have claimed that video gameplay patents are stifling innovation—concerns that have garnered little attention from scholars or courts. That may soon change. Recent literature speculates that gameplay patents are rare and that challenges in acquiring them have forced companies to prioritize “copy-resistant” game elements such as high-definition graphics and sprawling open worlds. But advances in artificial intelligence are making such elements increasingly easy to recreate, prompting a renewed interest in gameplay innovation and a growing urgency to assess the merits of gameplay patents. This Article provides the empirical and analytical foundation for understanding the existence and merits of video gameplay patents. It trains a naive Bayes classifier to provide novel insight into gameplay patenting trends, uses case studies to identify distinguishing features of desirable video gameplay patents, and shows how recent Federal Circuit decisions impose stricter patentability requirements for video gameplay than the gameplay of physical games. In sharp contrast to the prevailing view among commentators, this Article argues that certain video gameplay patents can benefit the industry. It further argues that adopting the analysis from physical gameplay cases would create a new class of beneficial video game patents, providing critical protections to an industry under threat.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5gx3t8rv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gregory","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Schwartz","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-10T03:07:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62937/galley/48631/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62937/galley/48631/download/"}]},{"pk":62283,"title":"Archiving of Persian Classical Music in the Past Century","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The archiving of Persian classical music (PCM) through recording and transcription has developed significantly over the past century, shaped by political, technological, and cultural forces. While oral transmission has always been central to PCM, early twentieth-century efforts began to document the tradition through both sound recording and musical notation. These practices gained momentum under the Pahlavi dynasty, when modernization initiatives and growing nationalism emphasized the preservation of Iranian cultural heritage. Advancements in recording technologies, such as vinyl and cassette tapes, made it possible to capture performances and transmit them beyond ephemeral gatherings. A pivotal institutional development was the founding of the Markaz-e Hefz-o Esha’eh-ye Musiqi-ye Irāni (‘Center for Preservation and Propagation of Iranian Music’) by Dariush Safvat in the 1970s, fully supported by National Iranian Radio and Television. The Center combined oral pedagogy with recording and archiving, training a new generation of musicians who would continue these efforts after the 1979 revolution. As the Islamic Republic imposed new restrictions on musical performance, much of the archival work shifted to private spaces, but eventually resurfaced through private initiatives and independent publishers. The improvisatory and context-sensitive nature of PCM poses challenges for archival methods, as recordings and transcriptions often remove the music from its social and spiritual contexts. Nonetheless, a hybrid model has emerged in which oral transmission, documentation, and performance coexist. In recent decades, there has also been increased attention to power dynamics in music preservation, leading to more inclusive efforts to archive regional, minority, and sacred traditions. Thus, the history of PCM archiving reflects not only technological and institutional shifts but also evolving aesthetic and ethical
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4m13f3tn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mehdi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rezania","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:42:27.272000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:27:07.717315+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:44:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62283/galley/48629/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62283/galley/48629/download/"}]},{"pk":62284,"title":"From Court to Archive: The Mughal Imperial Library and the Institutional Afterlife of ʿArafāt al-ʿĀshiqīn","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article traces the four-century journey of the earliest surviving copy of ʿArafāt al-ʿĀshiqīn va ʿArasāt al-ʿĀrifīn (MS 5324, Malek National Library, Tehran), a seminal Persian poetic anthology compiled by Taqī al-Dīn Awhadī Balyānī in Mughal India. Through a microhistorical analysis of codicological features, ownership seals, inspection notes, and valuation marks, it reconstructs the manuscript’s passage from the library of the nobleman Sayf Khān into the Mughal Imperial Library, and later into Qajar Iran and the collection of Ḥusayn Āqā Malek.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83f78713","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shahla","middle_name":"","last_name":"Farghadani","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","department":"Middle East Studies"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:52:19.170000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:27:49.642302+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:40:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62284/galley/48628/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62284/galley/48628/download/"}]},{"pk":62282,"title":"Muḥammad Ramaẓānī: A Bridge for the Transmission and Continuity of Written Heritage in the Transition from the Qajar to the Pahlavi Era","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Muḥammad Ramaẓānī (1904–1967) should be recognized as one of the most influential figures in the modern history of publishing, librarianship, and collection-building in Iran. Having learned the trade of printing and bookselling from his father, he officially entered the world of books in 1920, at the age of seventeen, by founding the Etifāq Reading Room in Tehran. From that point forward, he engaged continuously and diversely in fields such as librarianship, magazine publishing, printing, editing, and publishing. By establishing institutions like Kitābkhānah-yi Sharq (Eastern Library), Majallah-yi Sharq (Eastern Magazine), Chāpkhānah-yi Sharq (Eastern Printing House), and especially the Kulālah-yi Khāvar publishing house, he played a major role in promoting reading culture and reprinting classical and folkloric Persian literature. Ramaẓānī was also the founder of Kitāb (The Book), the first specialized periodical on books in Iran. By listing and reviewing publications from various Iranian publishers, this journal played a vital role in documentation and shaping the publishing landscape of the time. It can be considered the starting point of professional bibliographic reporting in the Iranian publishing industry. In addition to his wide-ranging activities in the realm of publishing and print, Ramaẓānī dreamed of establishing a large and comprehensive library. Over the years, he gathered a unique and valuable collection of manuscripts, printed books, newspapers, and other non-book print materials. Although financial difficulties and illness prevented him from realizing this dream, parts of his collection, particularly newspapers and magazines, were donated to the University of Tehran Library, while the main portion of his manuscripts and printed books was gifted to the Grand Mosque Library of Qom (Masjid-i A‘ẓam) in Qom. This collection was assembled at a time when public libraries in Iran were scarce and information infrastructure was underdeveloped. Ramaẓānī’s importance lies not only in his role as a publisher and bookseller but also in his pioneering efforts as a collector. He acted as a bridge connecting the printed heritage of the Qajar era with the Pahlavi period and later generations. This article seeks to revisit his life and contributions, focusing on his role in preserving Iran’s textual heritage, the methods he employed in collection-building, and the historical significance of his efforts within the cultural and institutional context of the time. It also examines the current state of preservation, organization, and accessibility of the collections he donated to the University of Tehran and the Grand Mosque Library.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bs610dz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Majid","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jalise","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:40:06.163000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:28:34.627163+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:35:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62282/galley/48627/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62282/galley/48627/download/"}]},{"pk":62280,"title":"A Tradition of Stewardship: Documenting and Promoting Egyptian and Regional Heritage at the Rare Books and Special Collections Library, The American University in Cairo, Egypt","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article examines the development, holdings, and contributions of the Rare Books and Special Collections Library (RBSCL) of the American University in Cairo (AUC) in Cairo, Egypt. Tracing its origins to AUC's acquisition in the 1950s of the library of pioneering Islamic art and architecture scholar K.A.C. Creswell, this piece outlines how the present day RBSCL was created in the early 1990s through the merging of several special collections units at the university. The emergence of various collecting areas and description of major acquisitions and holdings across multiple formats is covered, including rare books and manuscripts, archives, architectural sources, Egyptology collections, photographs, historical magazines, and maps. Activities like conservation and digitization are also addressed, as well as RBSCL's service to researchers and outreach efforts.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6h35t5zj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Stephen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Urgola","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American University in Cairo","department":"Rare Books and Special Collections Library"},{"first_name":"Balsam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Abdul-Rahman","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American University in Cairo","department":"Rare Books and Special Collections Library"},{"first_name":"Eman","middle_name":"","last_name":"Morgan","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American University in Cairo","department":"Rare Books and Special Collections Library"},{"first_name":"Amr","middle_name":"","last_name":"Omar","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American University in Cairo","department":"Rare Books and Special Collections Library"},{"first_name":"Walaa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Temraz","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American University in Cairo","department":"Rare Books and Special Collections Library"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:33:17.657000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:29:16.664734+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62280/galley/48626/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62280/galley/48626/download/"}]},{"pk":62279,"title":"Nasser Bakhshi’s Museum-Archive: Excavating the Hidden Layers of Memory","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Nasser Bakhshi Museum-Archive is recognized as a significant off-center archival and curatorial institution in Iran. Under Nasser Bakhshi’s direction, it exhibits historical-archival projects centered on socio-political events. As a pioneer in synthesizing contemporary art and archival research, the institution reconstructs collective memory through interdisciplinary initiatives. Its core approach offers innovative readings of historical traces and remnants through the lens of contemporary art and documentation. Archival projects derive vitality from documents that challenge temporal and existential frameworks of their original subjects, enabling alternative worldviews. Selection criteria prioritize socially sourced documents possessing aesthetic value and potential for transformation into artworks within contemporary art discourse—reflecting global currents that generate “living art” through “living documents.” This continuously expanding collection, encompassing artifacts from the pre-Islamic era onward, comprises 120,000 paper documents and manuscripts (including over 10,000 handwritten manuscripts), 12,000 lithographically printed books, and tens of thousands of personal objects and material traces of conflicts across West Asia. Systematically classified as an encyclopedic resource, it constitutes the foundational material for historical, documentary, and artistic projects. Seventy percent of the archive pertains to the last two centuries. The museum-archive’s distinction lies in its focus on discovering, collecting, and researching non-official collections tied to collective memory—particularly neglected narratives in Iran—and representing them through the integration of archives and contemporary art.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2nx6x7h4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mona","middle_name":"","last_name":"Emami","name_suffix":"","institution":"Iran University of Art","department":"Art"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:28:16.462000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:29:57.929328+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:27:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62279/galley/48625/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62279/galley/48625/download/"}]},{"pk":62278,"title":"Middle East Studies Beyond the Middle East Archive – Promises, Predicaments and Practices of MENA research in Western Governmental Archives","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Building on my work on Iranian political exiles in France and on my experience conducting research in various French archival funds, I aim to offer here a practical introduction to French governmental archives for international researchers, and in particular scholars of Middle East studies. However, researching the Middle East in ‘Western’ governmental archives (WGAs) – i.e., within the (re)productive heart of past states’ hegemonic and adverse narratives on the Middle East – warrants theoretical and methodological discussion. In this article, I first establish that despite the issue of WGAs’ Western and governmental bias, these funds still constitute a unique resource for MENA research, especially on topics such as Middle Eastern diasporas, foreign relations, or history. I also contend that continuing to engage with the Middle East through sources external to the region will help reaffirm the deep relationality of the Middle Eastern construct and, crucially, stave off the risks of a ‘siloization’ of MENA studies. Heeding still the postcolonial critique of the narratives embedded in such sources, I then examine the biases likely to shape the content of WGAs, covering in turn the biases related to WGAs’ archival dimension, their governmental character, and their Western situatedness. In the third section, building on these observations, I emphasise the role of critical analysis, cross-referencing, and rigorous transparency as ways to compose with the inescapable biases embedded in WGAs. I conclude the article by proposing a practical introduction to three of France’s governmental archival institutions, emphasising the difficulties of access international researchers and MENA scholars may face, and offering practical recommendations for making the most of these archives, in a timely fashion.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8r42h324","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Chloé","middle_name":"","last_name":"Raïd","name_suffix":"","institution":"LSE","department":"International Relations"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:24:37.754000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:30:51.375525+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:23:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62278/galley/48624/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62278/galley/48624/download/"}]},{"pk":62281,"title":"Solidarity Across Shelves: Children's Literature, Archives, and the Hijabi Librarians' Collective","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Written by the founders of the Hijabi Librarians collective, this article offers a critical reflection on the group’s bibliographic, pedagogical, and public-facing interventions, proposing a conceptual expansion of Middle East librarianship to include coalitional engagement with non-regionally defined librarian-activist networks. The Hijabi Librarians, a collective of Muslim women youth services librarians, operate at the intersection of library science, critical pedagogy, and public scholarship. Their work intervenes in cultural and archival spaces where SWANA, diasporic, and Muslim identities are frequently misrepresented or erased. Amid the intensifying crisis in the region and its impact on communities across the diaspora, the collective’s advocacy for nuanced #OwnVoices representation in children’s and young adult literature takes on renewed urgency. Their interventions address enduring representational gaps while affirming the political, educational, and ethical power of youth literature. The article foregrounds the imaginative and empathetic potential of youth literature to serve as windows, mirrors, and sliding glass doors, central metaphors in multicultural literacy, that enable readers to understand, connect with, and stand in solidarity with others. This literature is not only for children; it is for adults as well - creators, librarians, educators - who seek to preserve a sense of wonder, and resist the normalization of dehumanization. In a climate of escalating educational censorship that demands we relinquish imagination for political expedience, the defense of children's literature becomes a radical act: it resists the colonization of imagination and refuses to concede empathy, possibility, or humanity itself. The Hijabi Librarians’ model aligns with and expands MELA’s mission through anti-censorship work, public programming, evaluation toolkits, metadata ethics, and bibliographic equity. The article advances a coalition-oriented model of Middle East librarianship attuned to diasporic complexity, epistemic justice, and the ethical stewardship of children’s literature as a transformative cultural force for both young readers and adult practitioners.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53j108xz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Danielle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Haque","name_suffix":"","institution":"Minnesota State University, Mankato","department":"English"},{"first_name":"Ariana","middle_name":"Sani","last_name":"Hussain","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Mahasin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aleem","name_suffix":"","institution":"Contra Costa County Library","department":"Library Services Manager"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:35:25.882000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:31:28.243169+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:19:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62281/galley/48623/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62281/galley/48623/download/"}]},{"pk":62287,"title":"Keykāvūs Jahāndārī: A Key Figure in the Transition to Modern Librarianship in Iran, with a Focus on His Bibliographic and Iranological Contributions","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article examines the multifaceted contributions of Keykāvūs Jahāndārī to the development of specialized Iranian and Islamic studies libraries in Iran. It highlights his pivotal role in collection development at key institutions, including the former Senate Library, the Farhang-e Iran Foundation Library, and the Center for the Great Islamic Encyclopedia. Emphasizing his bibliographic expertise and translation work, the study explores how Jahāndārī enriched Iranological scholarship by acquiring rare resources and translating critical German language texts on Iranian history and culture. The article also discusses his ethical virtues, advocacy for the autonomy of specialized libraries, and enduring influence on library science and Iranian studies. Drawing on archival materials, interviews, and published tributes, this research sheds light on Jahāndārī’s legacy as a humble yet transformative figure whose work continues to support Iranian academic inquiry and cultural preservation.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20m5x64x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Homa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Afrasiabi","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T05:45:10.550000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:32:20.913008+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T17:02:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62287/galley/48562/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62287/galley/48562/download/"}]},{"pk":62277,"title":"From Hamadan to Los Angeles; The Life and scientific legacy of Dr. Hooshang Ebrami from Shaping Iran’s Information Infrastructure and Founding Academic Librarianship to Cultural Activism in Immigration","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Hooshang Ebrami (1934–2003) was a foundational figure in modern librarianship in Iran, merging economics, social sciences, and library science. This study summarizes his career and assesses his impact on library education and practice in Iran and his later cultural contributions in the United States. Using a descriptive–analytical approach, the paper reviews Ebrami’s primary works (publications, theses, translations) and secondary sources (scholarly articles, archival records). Information was organized into education, professional appointments, and major publications. A historical-content analysis traced his evolving influence. Ebrami earned a B.A. in economics from the University of Tehran in 1956 and authored Sattar Khan: The National Commander (1973). At the Central Bank of Iran, he created its specialized library and promoted economic research. Supported by the bank, he completed an M.L.S. at the University of Pittsburgh under Andrew Osborne and a Ph.D. at the University of Chicago under Allen Kent and J.E. Diley. Upon returning, he established library science programs at Tehran and Shiraz Universities. After the 1979 Revolution, he moved to the United States, producing influential works on Jewish culture and history. From 1995 until his death, he led the Habib Levy Cultural Foundation. Hooshang Ebrami’s interdisciplinary expertise and international training were instrumental in shaping Iran’s library science education and infrastructure. His pioneering programs, specialized libraries, and extensive scholarship continue to guide and inspire librarians and researchers globally.This article based on archival sources, analysis of published texts, and an examination of institutional roles examines Hooshang Ebrami’s contribution to the development of modern librarianship in Iran and the identity transformations associated with his migration to the United States. The findings suggest that Ebrami played a substantial role in transferring professional practices to Iran and that, after migration, his cultural activism combined retained professional dimensions with shifts in the configuration of his social identity.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08m691cc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Reza","middle_name":"","last_name":"Karami","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kharazmi University of Tehran","department":"Department of History"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T04:18:51.414000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:32:13.116492+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T16:52:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62277/galley/48622/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62277/galley/48622/download/"}]},{"pk":62276,"title":"Paleography and Textual Editing Practices in Afghanistan During the 20th Century","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Textual editing has remained an underexplored area within literary studies in Afghanistan. This study investigates the knowledge of paleography and the editorial methods employed by several Afghan scholars, with the aim of clarifying the approaches to textual editing in the country during the 20th century. Drawing on bibliographies and indexes of articles from leading Afghan literary and historical periodicals such as Kābul (Kabul Literary Association), Āriānā (History association of Afghanistan), Zhwandūn (Ministry of Information and Culture), and Khorāsān (Dari Institute of Language and Literature), this study identifies and analyzes the editorial work of four prominent scholars: Khāl-Muḥammad Khastah, Sarwar Gūyā Iʻtimādī, ‘Abd al-Ra’ūf Fekrī Saljūqī, and Muḥammad Ḥusayn Behrūz. The findings reveal that Afghan text editors often faced considerable challenges, most notably limited and difficult access to manuscripts preserved in international libraries. As a result, they frequently relied on locally available sources, which were sometimes unverified or based on single manuscript copies. Furthermore, core components of modern critical editing such as comprehensive manuscript description, systematic collation, and documentation of variant readings were often overlooked. This study offers new insight into the field of paleography in Afghanistan and provides a preliminary reassessment of its textual editing practices and key contributors during the 20th century.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/255176qt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Khalilullah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Afzali","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"UCLA LIBRARY, SPECIAL COLLECTIONS"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T03:58:37.736000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:32:59.197099+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T16:35:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62276/galley/48570/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62276/galley/48570/download/"}]},{"pk":62274,"title":"Strategic Preservation of Rare Books in Iranian Libraries: Toward a Context-Sensitive Policy Framework","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The preservation of rare books in Iranian libraries presents a complex challenge, influenced by factors such as formal policies, infrastructure, specialized staff, and disaster preparedness. This study introduces a comprehensive organizational knowledge management model designed to enhance the preservation, accessibility, and digitalization of special collections. Using a 28-item researcher-designed questionnaire, standardized through the Delphi technique, the study assessed the current state of special collections libraries. Findings indicate that while many libraries have preservation plans for rare books, significant challenges persist, including inadequate preservation documentation, limited insurance coverage, and insufficient attention to the digitization of materials. The study underscores the importance of balancing preservation with inclusive access, ensuring that rare materials are available to diverse communities. By integrating principles of social justice, the proposed model fosters equitable access to cultural heritage while promoting sustainable preservation strategies. The research highlights the role of digital preservation as a critical tool for overcoming traditional barriers to access and ensuring that rare books are accessible to a global audience.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82p9v7gt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Seyede Torfe","middle_name":"","last_name":"Abtahi Nejad Moghadam","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-03T03:32:32.008000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:29:20.563458+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T16:31:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62274/galley/48550/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62274/galley/48550/download/"}]},{"pk":62270,"title":"Editor's Note","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Editor's Note #97, 2025
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Editor's note","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n24n73p","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Farshad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sonboldel","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD","department":"Library"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-02T22:35:39.573000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:21:07.586000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T16:24:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62270/galley/48531/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62270/galley/48531/download/"}]},{"pk":62268,"title":"Frontmatter #97, 2025","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Imprint & Editorial Board Information
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vh6t18n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Farshad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sonboldel","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCSD","department":"Library"}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-02T22:24:48.208000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-09T20:09:36.416780+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-09T16:13:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62268/galley/48482/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/melanotes/article/62268/galley/48482/download/"}]},{"pk":62385,"title":"TOC","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Prefatory","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0x36z7kk","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T21:17:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62385/galley/48219/download/"}]},{"pk":62384,"title":"Mission Statement","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Prefatory","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38w7s22b","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T21:16:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62384/galley/48218/download/"}]},{"pk":62383,"title":"\nMasthead","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":null,"license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[],"section":"Prefatory","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1b76243m","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T21:15:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62383/galley/48217/download/"}]},{"pk":62381,"title":"From Proposition 209 to SFFA v. Harvard: Affirmative Action in Higher Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Affirmative action is an active effort through policies aiming to provide opportunities for populations who have been historically underrepresented by allowing them to gain access to education, employment, and business contracting by using race as a factor. In California, the passage of Proposition 209 during the 1996 California ballot initiative created the end to affirmative action programs within the state. With the end of affirmative action programs in California, this Note explores the impact Proposition 209 left for underrepresented racial groups within higher education, specifically in the University of California (U.C.) system. Moreover, this Note addresses misconceptions created by opponents of affirmative action, such as the “mismatch theory” and harm towards the Asian American population. In 2023, the United States Supreme Court held in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard that race-based affirmative action programs would be unconstitutional. With the national end of affirmative action programs, this Note also explores some alternative solutions, such as universities considering socioeconomic status instead of race.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1md45687","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jose","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Lopez","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T20:56:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62381/galley/48216/download/"}]},{"pk":62380,"title":"Climate Last Resorts","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The United States faces a climate crisis, an affordable housing crisis, and, linking them both, an insurance crisis. At the intersection of these concurrent predicaments lie a set of little-known but surprisingly impactful policies: state Insurer of Last Resort (ILR) programs. ILRs are state policies that provide property insurance when private insurance is unavailable, such as when private insurers determine that climate hazards are too risky to underwrite.
\nThis Article argues that long-overlooked ILR programs are quickly becoming lynchpins for addressing some of today’s most pressing concerns around climate, housing, and insurance. Accordingly, ILRs bear urgent attention and reevaluation. In short, ILR progr ams are likely the most important policies that you’ve never heard of.
\nBuilding on this observation, the Article makes three main contributions. First, it identifies the power of ILR programs as intersectional policy responses to the concurrent insurance, climate, and housing crises.
\nSecond, it surveys existing ILR policies, finding that they are relics of sixty-year-old decisions, and that states have seemingly overlooked the opportunities ILRs provide for tailored responses to insurance, climate, and housing concerns.
\nThird, it analyzes insurance data and state climate policy trends to show that many legacy ILR programs appear out of step with insurance withdrawal threats and state climate policy preferences. This suggests that states should consider revising their ILR programs in the near future.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fr855ng","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pappas","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T20:54:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62380/galley/48215/download/"}]},{"pk":62378,"title":"The Social Costs of Health Care","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Imagine you had to choose between your health and your freedom. Many Americans do. Choices to work, marry, retire, move, cohabitate—all are influenced by health care finance laws. Access to health insurance is not guaranteed, and eligibility comes with social costs. For the publicly insured, recipients forgo work, marriage, and security in old age to meet strict income and asset tests. People with disabilities, their medical needs pigeon-holed into public programs, are denied equal opportunity in this way. Employer-sponsored insurance presents its own costs, limiting the range of jobs people take, when they can retire, and whether to marry and divorce. Medicaid expansion and premium tax credits mitigate these harms by degrees but are diminished under the current presidential administration.
\nResearch is conclusive that social conditions shape our health. The inverse is also true, that the health care system shapes social conditions. This undermines goals of a health care system to make people healthier, insulate them financially, and enable them to live meaningful lives. It breeds social inequality.
\nThis Article names and defines this problem, with an effort to center it in the health reform work of scholars, lawmakers, and judges. The Article offers minor and major policy reforms to address the problem. It contributes to scholarly discourse and policymaking on health and welfare reform at state and federal levels.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31h8907n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Valarie","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Blake","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T20:16:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62378/galley/48214/download/"}]},{"pk":62377,"title":"Regulating Tech Titans","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In 2025, regulating tech giants like Google and Amazon has emerged as a key issue on the U.S. government’s agenda, with antitrust law returning to the forefront. Meanwhile, across the Atlantic, Europe has introduced a new law, the Digital Markets Act (DMA), which regulates large online platforms, identified as “gatekeepers”. The DMA requires gatekeepers to adhere to specific obligations and prohibitions, typically subject to antitrust case-by-case scrutiny, to ensure fairness and contestability in digital markets. The European historical intellectual framework underpins the core features of the DMA, including its legal framework, approach, scope, and purpose. Since 2021, several antitrust bills have proposed a U.S. version of the DMA, aiming to reform antitrust law by adopting a similar legal framework, approach, scope, and purpose. However, this raises critical questions: Does the U.S. antitrust historical intellectual framework support the adoption of the DMA? Would a DMA type approach be successful in the United States? The conclusion from this comparative historical analysis of the DMA’s foundations is no. In making this claim, this Article lays out a roadmap for understanding the deep roots of the DMA in European history and tradition and why the U.S. approach to competition diverges in its foundations.
\nThis Article makes three important contributions: First, it provides a historical comparative analysis between the intellectual frameworks of the United States and European Union (EU) by mapping out the roots of two very different antitrust traditions. Second, the Article unveils the ordoliberal ideology underlying the DMA, which fundamentally differs from the neoclassical way of thinking about and enforcing competition in the United States. Third, it gleans insights that American antitrust could learn from contrasting European approaches to regulating competition consistent with its core values.
\nThe Article concludes by arguing that implementing a law like the DMA for U.S. antitrust law would be like forcing a square peg into a round hole. However, Europe does serve as a useful laboratory for the United States from which to draw important lessons. As Europe has adapted consistent with its framework, so too must the United States.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7615r99g","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Giovanna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Massarotto","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-07T19:48:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62377/galley/48213/download/"}]},{"pk":62334,"title":"A Review of: Alain Delattre, Jitse Dijkstra, and Jacques van der Vliet (eds), Christian Inscriptions from Egypt and Nubia. A Critical Bulletin (2013-2022). Papyrologica Bruxellensia 43. Association Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth, Bruxelles. Peeters : Leuven — Paris — Bristol, CT 2024, pp. xi + 291.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A book review of CIEN 2013-2022 with a Nubiological focus.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Christian inscriptions"},{"word":"Egypt"},{"word":"Nubia"},{"word":"Sudan"},{"word":"Critical Bulletin"},{"word":"Book review"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hj436ps","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alexandros","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tsakos","name_suffix":"","institution":"None","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-06T12:25:04.712695+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-06T13:02:31.441704+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-07T08:30:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dotawo/article/62334/galley/48173/download/"}]},{"pk":47217,"title":"Marine diatom species richness and diversity at different latitudes during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum: implications for future warming","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Modeling diversity of marine diatom communities by latitude for the late Paleocene and early Eocene provides context for future warming climates. The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) transition spans ~57 to 48 million years ago with global temperatures ranging from ~9 to 23°C higher than pre-industrial times. There are differing views whether modern carbon increases will lead to similar patterns in temperature and how it may impact global communities. This research used data provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). The study examines how marine diatom communities responded to the rapid warming of the PETM as a potential analog for future marine diversity under a warming climate. Statistical analyses assess potential changes in diversity of diatom abundance data from existing marine sediment cores from Lomonosov Ridge in the Central Arctic Ocean, Blake Nose in the Western North Atlantic Ocean, and Broken Ridge in the Eastern Indian Ocean. Examining changes at different latitudes provides a more comprehensive picture of how rapid warming impacted diatom species richness and diversity across the globe. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index details change in diatom communities. Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster analysis further refine variance between datasets. Results suggest diatom communities were negatively affected by the rapid warming of the PETM in middle latitude locations, while the Central Arctic Ocean diatom communities showed an increase in diatom species richness and diversity. The Central Arctic Ocean diatom community response may result from the more terrestrial paleogeography of the location during the PETM providing increased nutrient availability from runoff as well as poor diatom preservation. Changes in the Indian Ocean diatom If marine diatom communities suffer in middle latitude locations as the data suggests, then likely decreases in diatom species richness and diversity support a positive feedback loop for further warming. Challenges include inconsistent abundance measures complicating comparisons between datasets, lack of Antarctic samples, and some evidence diagenesis has limited diatoms preservation during the PETM in some locations.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"diatoms"},{"word":"species richness"},{"word":"diversity"},{"word":"Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index"},{"word":"Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum"},{"word":"Western North Atlantic"},{"word":"Central Arctic"},{"word":"Eastern Indian Ocean"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2010t9k0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Caroline","middle_name":"","last_name":"Davies","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Missouri Kansas City","department":"Earth and Environmental Sciences","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Anne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hentzen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Missouri Kansas City","department":"Earth and Environmental Sciences"}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-11T19:46:14.093000+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-04T10:06:35.846000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-06T09:30:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/47217/galley/48172/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/47217/galley/48172/download/"}]},{"pk":62306,"title":"The Military’s Abortion Crisis in the Aftermath of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Women in the military have not had access to abortion care since 1978, when Congress introduced an amendment to a Department of Defense (DoD) appropriations bill, later codified under 10 U.S.C. § 1093, that prohibited the use of DoD funds for abortions. While women have endured this second-class health care for over four decades, the Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization has created new problems for servicewomen and the military writ large. Now military women must travel off-base and, in some instances, out-of-state or out-of-country, to seek an abortion. While women in and out of uniform share this burden, servicewomen must comply with military constraints that exacerbate their situation, including following orders that require them to be stationed in states that criminalize abortion, reporting their pregnancy up their chain of command, following leave protocols that require their commander’s approval when traveling for abortion care, and managing unpredictable assignments, including deployments, while seeking reproductive care. These unique circumstances create an unwelcoming and terrifying environment for military women at a time when the military is desperately trying to diversify the armed forces.
\nThe DoD responded to the Dobbs decision by instituting an abortion travel policy, now rescinded, that allowed service members to be reimbursed for abortion-related travel, such as lodging, mileage, and per diem. While such policies are laudable, they are subject to change, and they do not diminish the legal and professional challenges that service members face after Dobbs. This Article analyzes the legal authorities that shape reproductive health policies in the military. It argues that the swirling political winds that influence abortion policies undermine the stability that military health care is meant to provide. Despite the hardships that service members face after Dobbs, renewed challenges to 10 U.S.C. § 1093 are likely to fail. However, Congress’s statutory ban should not prohibit the DoD from exploring alternative means of providing support to service members. The Article argues for increased confidentiality for pregnant servicewomen and argues that the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) should be utilized to provide abortion services to servicewomen. The DoD must encourage formal and informal support networks and must leverage private organizations as gap-fillers where military health care falls short. The Article concludes that the military’s crippled reproductive health services are unacceptable in the age of Dobbs and that their detrimental impact on service members and national security is a national crisis. Unless reproductive services are expanded, the abortion issue will continue to impact national security and will hamstring the military’s efforts to modernize.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wb7b5vd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hugh","middle_name":"","last_name":"McClean","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-05T20:42:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62306/galley/48147/download/"}]},{"pk":62304,"title":"Cover","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Prefatory","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4182b17c","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-02-05T20:27:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucilr/article/62304/galley/48146/download/"}]},{"pk":48363,"title":"A Conversation with Educational Developers in DEI-Hostile States","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bf0d4js","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Derisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Grant","name_suffix":"","institution":"derisa@gmail.com","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-05-31T00:07:04.406000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-18T18:28:25.589000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/48363/galley/47772/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/48363/galley/47772/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/48363/galley/47773/download/"}]},{"pk":47244,"title":"A Return to Interrogating Educational Development","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Much has changed since we published our call to interrogate educational development for racism and colonization. Since then, our team has engaged in scholarly research to critically interrogate our own field and some of its unquestioned assumptions to better align our practices with our purpose. Our methodology incorporated journey mapping, a method that centers narrative as a source of data. Our methodological choice acknowledges that as researchers, we are not neutral observers but are positioned within the professional contexts we investigate. In this piece, we describe how our maps have served as a reflective tool for our own experiences in educational development as we make sense of the results of our research during a time when those in political power aim to normalize racism and affirm settler colonialism.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"educational development"},{"word":"Equity"},{"word":"Justice"},{"word":"Centers for Teaching and Learning"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4794r2w0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marisella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rodriguez","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"Center for Teaching & Learning"},{"first_name":"Heather","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dwyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tufts University","department":"Center for the Enhancement of Learning and Teaching"},{"first_name":"Jamiella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brooks","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania","department":"Carey Law School"}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-16T01:47:23.064000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-18T22:57:59.818000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47244/galley/47727/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47244/galley/47727/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47244/galley/47726/download/"}]},{"pk":48913,"title":"Creating Climates Resistant to Sexual Harassment: Reflections for Prosocial, Equity-Focused Educational Development Trainings","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Sexual harassment is a prominent, entrenched problem in higher education spaces. In this reflection, the authors emphasize the importance of training academic leaders as a population that can leverage their roles toward creating institutional climates resistant to sexual harassment and other social inequities. Using an eight-hour workshop at the [R1 institution anonymized] as a case study, the authors offer four key reflections for educational developers working to develop participant capacity toward organizational and social change.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Sexual Harassment"},{"word":"Organizational Climate"},{"word":"social change"},{"word":"academic leadership"},{"word":"equity-focused educational development"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wp4c8fz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christine","middle_name":"Rose Simonian","last_name":"Bean","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan","department":"Center for Research on Learning and Teaching"},{"first_name":"Hayley","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heaton","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Michigan","department":"Center for Research on Learning and Teaching"}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-07T17:34:46.218000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-18T18:34:21.237000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/48913/galley/47729/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/48913/galley/47728/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/48913/galley/47729/download/"}]},{"pk":42246,"title":"Ensemble Class: Troubling the Monster Narratives about Faculty of Color in the Classroom","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We all understand ourselves through a collection of experiences and characteristics, through story. Far from a fanciful notion, teachers need to make themselves legible in a variety of high-stakes contexts, from grant applications to tenure portfolios. The question of “what kind of teacher you are” becomes a weighty inquisition– one that targets faculty of color. Some of the most beloved teaching practices are based on narratives of Western individualism. In this essay, we introduce a unique methodology that decenters hierarchical teaching practices in order to make the coveted banner of “good teacher” available to a diverse faculty.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"inclusive teaching"},{"word":"Faculty of Color"},{"word":"ensemble"},{"word":"monsters"},{"word":"narrative"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0k91h0xp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Britt","middle_name":"","last_name":"Threatt","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sewanee: The University Of The South","department":"English"},{"first_name":"Stacey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lawrence","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":"Sheridan Center for Teaching and Learning"}],"date_submitted":"2025-02-03T23:23:11.719000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-18T18:21:54.667000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/42246/galley/47722/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/42246/galley/47721/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/42246/galley/47722/download/"}]},{"pk":47247,"title":"Faculty Development For Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in an Engineering Program: Learning From Minoritized Students and Program Faculty In An LSAMP Program","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
The Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) program, across four different universities within a statewide university system, in the United States of America, is designed to increase the representation of underrepresented minority (URM) students in STEM fields. Accomplished through intentional undergraduate research mentoring experiences with mentors from a variety of backgrounds, research, and publications conducted across the program to learn and develop better teaching and learning practices. For URM students and faculty, there are often additional needs and challenges in STEM. In this study, we analyzed qualitative data based on 42 interviews of LSAMP participants; 13 mentors and 29 protégées. Findings illustrate how faculty development can impact the experiences of minority protégées and faculty. Self-Determination Theory (SDT), White Racial Frame, and Intersectionality Framework (IF), were used to explain mentoring findings associated with motivation, stereotypes, societal and cultural norms, and racial disparities that persist in STEM.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"faculty development"},{"word":"Intersectionality Framework (IF)"},{"word":"Self-determination theory (SDT)"},{"word":"Underrepresented Minority (URM)"},{"word":"White Racial Frame (WRF)"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6dc0g0s7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Ackerman","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Farmingdale","department":""},{"first_name":"America","middle_name":"","last_name":"Soto-Arzat","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University","department":"Sociology"},{"first_name":"Christine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stanley","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Reuben","middle_name":"B","last_name":"May","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","department":"Sociology"}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-16T06:53:17.478000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-12-04T01:55:12.737000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47247/galley/47986/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47247/galley/47986/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47247/galley/47987/download/"}]},{"pk":39915,"title":"How Much Space Are We Willing to Sacrifice to Gen AI? ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"How much space are we willing to sacrifice to Gen AI? Aside from the (wonderful) Keynote speakers Drs. Z Nicolazzo and Amanda Tachine, none of the POD 2024 sessions were advertised to cover indigenous pedagogies or topics. Instead, what was not rare at POD 2024, were Gen AI sessions. I explore the following questions: How much space are we (as the POD community) willing to sacrifice to Gen AI? What is getting displaced from our conversations when so much revolves around Gen AI? In this commentary, I interrogate how our commitment to DEIJ values and practices may be misaligned with the space we give to Gen AI in our yearly conference through our conversations, our commitment to student learning, and building relationships. We can write a different future where we think about what we want to take and what we want to leave from the dominant culture as called to us by our Keynote speakers.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Gen AI"},{"word":"DEIJ"},{"word":"POD conference"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3km3s47v","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sophie","middle_name":"","last_name":"le Blanc","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carnegie Mellon University","department":"Eberly Center"}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-14T19:13:46.907000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-03-04T14:46:06.039000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/39915/galley/47609/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/39915/galley/47609/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/39915/galley/47610/download/"}]},{"pk":47214,"title":"In Assessment, It's Not Rigor or Equity, It's Both.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vr516pd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lina","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Eskew","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University","department":"Searle Center for Advancing Learning and Teaching"}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-11T17:14:15.495000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-08-10T21:10:12.557000+02:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47214/galley/46830/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47214/galley/46830/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47214/galley/46831/download/"}]},{"pk":58318,"title":"Letter from the Editors","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Equity"},{"word":"first issue"},{"word":"DEI"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73n5s9hv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Derisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Grant","name_suffix":"","institution":"derisa@gmail.com","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-12-02T14:23:00.599000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-12-02T14:49:46.420000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/58318/galley/47840/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"OLD","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/58318/galley/47842/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/58318/galley/47841/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/58318/galley/47840/download/"},{"label":"Masthead + Letter (Final)","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/58318/galley/48141/download/"}]},{"pk":47040,"title":"Revealing the Hidden Curriculum of Educational Development: Academic Writing Collaboratives as Counterspaces","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This reflection article explores the formation and impact of an academic writing group composed of minoritized educational developers, members of the POD Academic Writing Scholars. In our discussions, we identified a common experience of a hidden curriculum of educational development in which scholarly publishing is an unspoken expectation yet often remains unsupported and unrecognized by our institutions. This hidden curriculum reinforces exclusionary academic norms that disproportionately disadvantage minoritized scholars. We reflect on our writing collaborative as a counterspace, a space for mutual support and solidarity, in which we could explore and resist the hidden curriculum. By examining the barriers we encountered and the insights that emerged from our work together, we describe how writing groups can help educational developers critically examine the norms of our field, build identities as academic writers and community, and affirm diverse forms of academic writing. We share recommendations for how institutions, teaching centers, and educational developers can reveal and challenge the hidden curriculum. Our experiences demonstrate how counterspaces like our not only support individual and collective growth, but can also contribute to broader conversations about systemic inequities in educational development.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"hidden curriculum"},{"word":"counterspace"},{"word":"Academic Writing"},{"word":"educational development"},{"word":"faculty development"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54381222","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lindsay","middle_name":"","last_name":"Onufer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pittsburgh","department":"University Center for Teaching and Learning"},{"first_name":"Kritika","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yegnashankaran","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stanford University","department":"Center for Teaching and Learning"},{"first_name":"Heather","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wright","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Stacey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lawrence","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":"Sheridan Center for Teaching and Learning"},{"first_name":"Laina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lockett","name_suffix":"","institution":"George Mason University","department":"Stearns Center for Teaching and Learning"}],"date_submitted":"2025-03-17T19:43:09.941000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-23T19:27:40.008000+02:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/48174/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/47723/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/47724/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/48135/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/48169/download/"},{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/48174/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/47040/galley/48175/download/"}]},{"pk":39939,"title":"“You Should Think About Teaching. You’re Really Good at it”: Instructors' Starting Points for Teaching Minoritized Students","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Few college instructors receive pedagogical training, yet they enter the classroom with experience and knowledge that informs the way they think about their capacity to teach. The starting point of the faculty teaching journey is often a neglected aspect of the educational development literature. This case study examines where and how 10 U.S. college instructors developed their beliefs about their capacity for college-level teaching generally, and particularly their confidence in equity-based teaching. We found that college instructors generally lacked first-hand experience teaching in diverse classrooms, so drew on other types of diversity to inform their equity-based teaching. The college instructors received feedback on their general teaching from multiple sources, which was valuable. Feedback on their equity-based teaching came mostly from students but was often limited or negative. We also found variations in where and how the instructors developed their beliefs about their capacity for equity-based teaching by discipline and gender. Considering the starting points of college instructors’ beliefs about their capacity to teach, especially in equity-based ways, has implications for educational developers in reducing barriers and developing programs to increase instructors’ confidence.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Self-Efficacy"},{"word":"Confidence"},{"word":"college teaching"},{"word":"faculty development"},{"word":"Equity"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35k3254w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jillian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ives","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Connecticut","department":"Educational Leadership"},{"first_name":"Milagros","middle_name":"","last_name":"Castillo-Montoya","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Connecticut","department":"Educational Leadership"},{"first_name":"Kirsten","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kortz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northern Essex Community College","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-19T15:47:52.062000+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-08-10T21:19:32.577000+02:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/39939/galley/47587/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"XML","type":"xml","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/39939/galley/47587/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jdeed/article/39939/galley/47588/download/"}]},{"pk":62294,"title":"CPC-EM Full-Text Issue Volume 10 Issue 1","subtitle":null,"abstract":"n/a
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"CPC-EM Full-Text Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tz1c8wf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine","middle_name":"","last_name":"CPC-EM","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-02-04T02:48:10.753000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-02-04T02:51:45.004000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-04T02:57:17.676000+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/62294/galley/48137/download/"}]},{"pk":49002,"title":"12-Year Case Series of Patients with Heat Illness from an Urban Hospital System in the American Southwest","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Climate change has led to more frequent and intense heat events with dramatic increases in heat illness and heat-related deaths. We compared demographic characteristics such as age, sheltering status, and underlying health conditions that contribute to susceptibility to extreme heat. We described the clinical course of these patients, presenting over a 12-year span, who were diagnosed with heat-related illness, to inform local risk stratification.
\nMethods: We conducted retrospective chart abstraction of encounters between January 1, 2012–December 31, 2023, which included adults 18-89 years of age, presenting to a single hospital system’s emergency department (ED), with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, discharge diagnosis within the T67 heat-related diagnosis code family. We compared demographic characteristics to baseline ED presentations and summarized clinical characteristics in frequencies. Trends were described over time juxtaposed with temperature data.
\nResults: The 141 patients with a heat illness diagnosis were older, with a mean age of 53, and were more likely to be male (81.6%), White (51.8%), or Native American (7.8%) as compared to adult (18-89 years of age) all-comer ED presentations. Patients with a heat illness often carried co-occurring diagnoses of contact burns (38.3%) or rhabdomyolysis (25.5%). Common chronic comorbid conditions included cardiovascular disease (33.3%) and substance use disorder (22.0%). Antipsychotics (22.0%), laxatives (24.1%), and beta blockers (15.6%) were frequent home medications among heat-affected patients. Of the patients who were the most critically ill from heat illness, 35.5% required ED intubation and 95.7% were admitted, with 45.9% of those requiring intensive care. While most were discharged to self-care (59.3%), 26.7% required skilled nursing care at discharge.
\nConclusion: This review describes the characteristics and clinical course of patients diagnosed with heat illness over more than a decade of increasingly frequent and extreme heat in Phoenix, AZ. It provides a unique and sizeable cohort that can guide the surveillance and treatment of heat illness. We highlight clinical trends and gaps in clinical heat illness data to identify vulnerabilities and protective factors among our patients.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"heat illness"},{"word":"Heat stroke"},{"word":"extreme heat"},{"word":"climate change"}],"section":"Climate Change","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sp3d3kz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"","last_name":"McElhinny","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Logan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Garr","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Tristan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Brandon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Garcia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of MediUniversity of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Bikash","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bhattarai","name_suffix":"","institution":"Valleywise Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Liliya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kraynov","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""},{"first_name":"Geoff","middle_name":"","last_name":"Comp","name_suffix":"","institution":"Creighton University School of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-15T00:58:53.252000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-18T22:26:30.396000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-03T19:23:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/49002/galley/49052/download/"}]},{"pk":49015,"title":"Epidemiology and Outcomes of Patients Presenting to United States Emergency Departments with Vaginal Bleeding","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with vaginal bleeding.
\nMethods: This was a retrospective, successional cross-sectional study using data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) examining all adult patients presenting to EDs with vaginal bleeding from 2011–2019. Patients were stratified by age, race/ethnicity, and pregnancy status. Main outcomes were ultimate outcome severity, presenting vital signs, and diagnostic tests performed. We defined high-severity outcome as any patient who was dead on arrival, died in the ED, or during that hospitalization; any patient admitted to the intensive care or stepdown units or to the cardiac catheterization lab or the operating room; or patients transferred to a non-psychiatric hospital. Moderate severity was defined as any patient admitted to floor-level care, held in observation, or transferred to a psychiatric hospital. We defined low-severity outcome as any patient discharged home.
\nResults: Patients presenting with a chief complaint of vaginal bleeding comprised 1.3% (95% CI, 1.2-1.4%,) of all ED visits, representing 14,620,933 total encounters. Of these patients, 53.0% (95% CI, 49.4-56.7%) were identified as pregnant. There was a lower prevalence of White patients presenting with this complaint compared to White patients presenting with any chief complaint (45.6% [95% CI, 41.9-49.4] vs 60.3% [95% CI, 57.7-62.8%]), with a reciprocal higher prevalence of Hispanic patients (21.1% [95% CI,17.7-24.5%] vs 13.2% [95% CI, 11.7-14.8%]). The majority of patients (88.1%, 95% CI, 86.1-90%) were classified as having a low-severity outcome, 10.3% (95% CI, 8.5-12.1%) were classified as moderate-severity, and 1.6% (95% CI,1.0-2.2%) as high-severity. Patients who were ultimately classified with high-severity outcomes had significantly higher shock indices at presentation and shorter wait times than patients with low-severity outcomes (0.75 [95% CI, 0.72-0.78] vs 0.68 [95% CI, 0.67-0.69], and 23.4 minutes [95% CI, 17.1-29.8] vs 41.7 minutes [95% CI, 37.1-46.4], respectively), despite no difference in median Emergency Severity Index triage score (2.5 [IQR 2.1-2.8] v 2.6 [IQR 2.2-2.9]). A quarter of patients (24.3% [95% CI, 20.8-27.7%]) received a pelvic exam: there were no significant differences in pelvic exam rate by age, pregnancy status, race/ethnicity, or ultimate outcome severity.
\nConclusion: Although most patients presenting to EDs with vaginal bleeding are discharged home, current triage models do not appear to appropriately risk-stratify higher risk patients. Disparities in presentation exist.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"word":"Women's Health"},{"word":"health equity"},{"word":"Epidemiology"}],"section":"Women's Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8s2910zd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jake","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mooney","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""},{"first_name":"Emily","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shearer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island; Brown School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""},{"first_name":"Shay","middle_name":"","last_name":"Strauss","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central Oregon Emergency Physicians, Bend, Oregon","department":""},{"first_name":"Chuyun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Xu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""},{"first_name":"Janette","middle_name":"","last_name":"Baird","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""},{"first_name":"Siraj","middle_name":"","last_name":"Amanullah","name_suffix":"","institution":"Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-15T20:53:38.857000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-30T09:22:45.574000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-03T18:48:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/49015/galley/49056/download/"}]},{"pk":48968,"title":"Potential distribution of Akymnopellis chilensis (Gervais, 1847) (Scolopendridae, Scolopendromorpha, Chilopoda) through Random Forest and MaxEnt in Chilean Ecosystems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Akymnopellis chilensis (Gervais, 1847) (Scolopendridae, Scolopendromorpha, Chilopoda), a centipede species endemic to Chile, plays a crucial role in soil ecosystems, but its distribution is still poorly studied. This study aims to predict its potential distribution using three variables sets to build two species distribution models (SDM). We ask: (1) which climatic and environmental variables best explain the distribution of this species, and (2) whether its predicted potential range extends beyond the currently known records. MaxEnt and Random Forest algorithms were performed using three sets of environmental variables: (1) core climate variables, (2) annual temperature and precipitation, and (3) seasonality of temperature and precipitation. All models showed good predictive performance (AUC > 0.92 in all cases) with high AUC values. Species distribution modelling in Chile is centred primarily between 30° and 40° S latitude. The results indicate that current records could underestimate its true distribution, and further studies are needed to validate the models.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Edaphic Fauna"},{"word":"biodiversity conservation"},{"word":"Chile."},{"word":"species distribution model"},{"word":"Random Forest"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dp3x8g0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ricardo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Soto-Saravia","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Reading","department":"Ecology and Evolutionary Biology"},{"first_name":"Emmnuel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vega-Román","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad de Concepción","department":"Departamento de Zoología"},{"first_name":"Gonzalo","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Collado","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad del Bío-bío","department":"Ciencias Básicas"},{"first_name":"Jaime","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pizarro-Araya","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad de la Serena","department":"Departamento de Biología"}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-11T20:04:55.785000+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-26T11:11:20.285000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-01T21:50:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/48968/galley/48130/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/48968/galley/48130/download/"}]},{"pk":48675,"title":"Fascia Iliaca vs. Combined Iliaca Blocks for Proximal Hip Fractures in the Emergency Department","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Over 335,000 adults are hospitalized annually for proximal hip fractures, with the incidence of these injuries increasing as the population ages. Our objective in this study was to compare pain scores of patients with proximal hip fracture 30 minutes after undergoing a combined fascia iliaca plus femoral nerve block vs standard fascia iliaca block.
\nMethods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including all isolated proximal hip fracture patients > 18 years of age who underwent regional anesthesia by ultrasound fellowship-trained emergency physicians in a community hospital emergency department between January 1, 2022– September 26, 2024. We excluded patients with distal femur fractures, those who had received additional pain medications within 30 minutes of the block, or those who could not reliably relay a pain score. The primary outcome was subjective pain scores (scale 1-10) after undergoing regional anesthesia.
\nResults: Of 89 patients who underwent regional anesthesia for proximal hip fracture, 20 were excluded. A total of 31 fascia iliaca blocks and 38 combined blocks were performed. Patient age, weight, and pre-procedure pain scores were similar between the groups. Females were more predominant in the fascia iliaca block group (67.7% vs 42.1%; P = .03). On average, patients who received the combined block rated their post-procedure pain score 1.4 points lower than those who received a fascia block (3.8 vs 5.2/10, P = .01). This finding was consistent when controlling for sex and pre-procedure pain scores (β: 1.5; 95% CI, 0.6-2.4).
\nConclusion: Undergoing combined fascia iliaca plus femoral nerve block was associated with lower pain scores after 30 minutes compared to isolated fascia iliaca block in patients with proximal hip fractures. These patients may benefit from using this single-injection procedure for improved pain control.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Fascia Iliaca block"},{"word":"femoral nerve block"},{"word":"proximal hip fracture"},{"word":"regional anesthesia"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Medicine","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8qx96827","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joe","middle_name":"","last_name":"Betcher","name_suffix":"","institution":"Michigan State University, Lake Michigan Emergency Specialists, Muskegon, Michigan","department":""},{"first_name":"Alex","middle_name":"","last_name":"Glogoza","name_suffix":"","institution":"Michigan State University, West Michigan Emergency Medicine Residency, Muskegon, Michigan","department":""},{"first_name":"Austin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Poulson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Michigan State University, West Michigan Emergency Medicine Residency, Muskegon, Michigan","department":""},{"first_name":"Oliver","middle_name":"","last_name":"Snyder","name_suffix":"","institution":"Michigan State University, West Michigan Emergency Medicine Residency, Muskegon, Michigan","department":""},{"first_name":"Benjamin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Black","name_suffix":"","institution":"Michigan State University, West Michigan Emergency Medicine Residency, Muskegon, Michigan","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-19T05:18:57.190000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-03T05:02:06.349000+01:00","date_published":"2026-02-01T15:03:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48675/galley/49067/download/"}]},{"pk":62010,"title":"Review of A Grammar of Malimasa with Annotated Texts and Glossary","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A Grammar of Malimasa with Annotated Texts and Glossary (玛丽玛萨话语法研究及标注文本)
\nBy Zihe Li (李子鹤)
\nBeijing: Peking University Press (北京大学出版社) 2024
\nPeking University Chinese Linguistics Research Series (“北大中国语言学研究丛书”)
\nISBN 978-7-301-34862-8
\nxvii + 419 pages
\n\n
Reviewed by Alexis Michaud
Audience: This virtual escape room (VER) serves as a didactic activity tailored for learners specializing in emergency medicine, pediatrics, and family medicine across all postgraduate years. The VER can be undertaken collaboratively in teams or individually, leveraging virtual platforms and adaptable to various educational settings.
\n\n
Introduction: Iron tablets appeal to children due to their vibrant color and sugar coating, resembling candy. Nearly 11,000 cases of iron exposure in children under six are reported annually in the US.1 More severe incidents involve prenatal vitamins and iron preparations containing ferrous sulfate, which has a significantly higher concentration of elemental iron per tablet than other formulations.2 Virtual escape rooms (VERs) are an innovative educational tool for teaching about acute iron toxicity. By integrating gamification into medical education, VERs offer a unique approach asparticipants can join remotely and interact with a team of other learners in geographically distinct locations.
\n\n
Educational Objectives:
\nBy the end of the activity, learners should be able to: 1) recognize the history and clinical presentation of acute iron toxicity; 2) demonstrate knowledge of the necessary workup in suspected iron toxicity; 3) identify the stages of acute iron toxicity; 4) identify management of iron toxicity and its complications; 5) perform appropriate management in the setting of decompensated hemorrhagic shock and hypovolemia; and 6) demonstrate teamwork through communication and collaboration.
\n\n
Educational Methods: The development process encompassed a seven-step approach: creating a scenario, defining learning objectives, and designing a suitable room.3 Clues and puzzles aligned with the specified learning objectives. The VER was hosted on Articulate 360 (Articulate Global Inc.) and complemented by a facilitator guide that provided content and technical support.
\n\n
Research Methods: To replicate this activity, a team of facilitators should be present to organize the participants into small groups and distribute the VER link. During our implementation, this link was shared in real-time on Zoom Video Communications Inc. (Zoom), leveraging breakout rooms to assign participants to their respective rooms. Additionally, we conducted this in person with faculty and nursing, where participants were divided into groups accordingly. There was a structured format: pre-briefing, a timed escape room scenario, debriefing, and evaluation. Afterward, learners evaluated the VER and educational content with a survey hosted on Google Docs (Google LLC).
\n\n
Results: A total of 55 respondents completed post-evaluation surveys. Despite limited experience with previous virtual escape rooms, both trainees and faculty agreed the design was easy to follow (78.2%), fostered teamwork (90.9%), and was a feasible method of education (85.5%).
\n\n
Discussion: This activity was successfully implemented with trainees, faculty, and nursing professionals, demonstrating the ability of VER to be utilized in a wide variety of applications. We also successfully implemented this format in both in-person and online platforms. Limitations of this include a need for long-term outcome data. Future studies could further assess knowledge improvement and clinical management of acute iron toxicity.
\n\n
Topics: Acute iron toxicity, emergency medicine, escape room, ingestion, gamification, pediatrics, toxicology, virtual escape rooms.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Acute iron toxicity"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"Escape Room"},{"word":"ingestion"},{"word":"Gamification"},{"word":"pediatrics"},{"word":"toxicology"},{"word":"virtual escape rooms"}],"section":"Small Groups","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6h14n4ts","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kaitlyn","middle_name":"","last_name":"Boggs","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"Medical University of South Carolina","department":"Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Manu","middle_name":"","last_name":"Madhok","name_suffix":"MD, MPH","institution":"Children’s Minnesota","department":"Division of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Tania","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ahluwalia","name_suffix":"MD, MPH","institution":"University of Washington/Seattle Children's Hospital","department":"Division of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2024-08-21T21:05:20+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-04T03:00:10.596000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T20:49:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Boggs K, et al. Development and Design of a Pediatric Case-Based Virtual Escape Room on Acute Iron Toxicity. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG1-28","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52192/galley/48068/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Boggs K, et al. Development and Design of a Pediatric Case-Based Virtual Escape Room on Acute Iron Toxicity. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG1-28","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52192/galley/48068/download/"}]},{"pk":52358,"title":"Cards Against Pulmonology","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Audience: This card game is designed to cultivate educational discussion among emergency medicine resident physicians about the assessment, treatment, and disposition of key pediatric and adult thoracic-respiratory diagnoses in a fun, casual environment. It could also be played by emergency medicine-bound medical students.
\n\n
Introduction: Emergency department visits related to the thoracic-respiratory system are common complaints in both the pediatric and adult populations. In the United States, for several years prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, respiratory system diseases accounted for about 10.6% of ED visits.1 In children, respiratory complaints make up the largest percentage of their ED visits, particularly in the fall and winter seasons.2 This number appears to have only grown higher in both adults and pediatrics in the years following the Covid-19 pandemic.3 Thoracic-respiratory disorders also account for about 7% of the American Board of Emergency Medicine In-Training Exam and qualifying exam content.4 Therefore, it is paramount that resident physicians understand the presentation, management, and treatment of a wide range of both pediatric and adult thoracic-respiratory complaints and pathology that mimics these presentations. This game explores key topics in the thoracic-respiratory system in both the pediatric and adult populations allowing for fun discussion regarding management, treatment, and disposition of these complicated disease processes. Topics range from sick to not sick patients and include bronchiolitis, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, COPD exacerbation, neonatal cyanosis, viral upper respiratory infections, and more.
\n\n
Educational Objectives:
\nBy the end of this card game, learners will 1) understand the methods of clinical assessment in thoracic-respiratory related diseases, 2) implement escalating levels of respiratory support for thoracic-respiratory pathology in pediatric and adult patients, 3) review and utilize important medications in the management of thoracic-respiratory diseases, and 4) choose appropriate dispositions of patients with various thoracic-respiratory related complaints.
\n\n
Educational Methods: The goal of Cards Against Pulmonology is for learners to further understand the clinical assessment, management, and disposition of various thoracic-respiratory emergencies by providing the next best critical action in a given clinical situation. This game will equip residents to differentiate the sick from non-sick patients and collaboratively discuss the management and disposition of patients with a variety of thoracic-respiratory related complaints.
\n\n
This card game is a cognitive artifact designed to stimulate small group discussion that will enhance the clinical reasoning skills of the medical students and resident physicians who play the game. The clinical content of thoracic-respiratoryconditions has been gamified through the strategy of play modeled after the popular card game, Cards Against Humanity. Discussion of key educational points during and after the game provides clarification of learner knowledge to solidify concepts.
\n\n
Research Methods: The game was implemented in a weekly resident educational conference session where 19 resident physicians and several faculty physicians participated in gameplay and immediately following the game, evaluated the educational experience by survey using a Likert scale. They assessed their overall experience with the game, engagement with the game, the game’s ability to reinforce existing medical knowledge, and if game content was relevant to their clinical practice.
\n\n
Results: The results were overwhelmingly positive with an average of strongly agreed on every Likert scale in every category and a request for the creation of other similar games covering more topics. Resident physicians stated they appreciated being able to laugh and learn, and that the inclusion of case discussion after a case concluded really emphasized the educational points regarding the medical care of patients with respiratory complaints. They encouraged increased discussion of the medicine after each round.
\n\n
Discussion: Overall, this game was very effective in stimulating conversation regarding the care of patients with thoracic-respiratory related complaints. All medical students, residents, and attending physicians were very engaged and remained excited throughout gameplay. Implementation of the game showed the appropriate small group size is about five to six players to allow for robust discussion and engagement. It is also important for the facilitators to discuss expected outcomes for the patient at the conclusion of a set of case cards to encourage educational value alongside humorous game play.
\n\n
Topics: Pulmonology, thoracic-respiratory system, shortness of breath, cough, viral respiratory infection, bronchiolitis, asthma, COPD, pulmonary edema, pediatric respiratory conditions.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Pulmonology"},{"word":"thoracic-respiratory system"},{"word":"shortness of breath"},{"word":"Cough"},{"word":"viral respiratory infection"},{"word":"Bronchiolitis"},{"word":"asthma"},{"word":"COPD"},{"word":"pulmonary edema"},{"word":"pediatric respiratory conditions."}],"section":"Small Groups","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d847616","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lauren","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lamparter","name_suffix":"","institution":"Other","department":""},{"first_name":"Alisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wray","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-18T21:16:35+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-09T20:31:22.904000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T20:31:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Lamparter L, et al. Cards Against Pulmonology. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG59-72","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52358/galley/48048/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Lamparter L, et al. Cards Against Pulmonology. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG59-72","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52358/galley/48048/download/"}]},{"pk":62250,"title":"Editors' Introduction: On Margins and Junctures","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
The contributions assembled in Volume 28: Margins and Junctures demonstrate just how scholarship rooted in the margins can illuminate the political, material, and affective pressures which shape our present junctures. Across the volume, authors show how the margins function simultaneously as sites of acute vulnerability and of world-building. They reveal how violence (e.g., infrastructural, bureaucratic, spectacular) is rendered ordinary via the doctrines of planning, instruments of finance, and the routines of institutions. At the same time, they foreground how alternative social relations are practiced and defended in spaces often dismissed as marginal: in libraries, housing struggles, accessibility audits, creative practice, and collective organizing. Taken together, these works insist that critical urban scholarship cannot remain detached from the conditions it analyzes. It must remain accountable to those who live at the sharpest edges of contemporary urban restructuring, where the consequences of political decisions are most immediate and where the possibilities for different urban futures are being actively forged.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zq6s439","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Richard","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kirk","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Department of Geography"},{"first_name":"Derrick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Behm","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)","department":"Urban Planning"}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-31T19:44:12.288000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-31T19:46:03.895000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T19:59:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Download PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/criticalplanning/article/62250/galley/48125/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Download PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/criticalplanning/article/62250/galley/48125/download/"}]},{"pk":52022,"title":"A Case Report of a 36-year-old Male Diagnosed with a Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
This case report discusses a 36-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with an atypical story for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Initially, the patient was felt to have a non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG). Once the laboratory test results were obtained and the initial high-sensitivity troponin was noted to be elevated, the initial ECG was again reviewed. The patient was felt this time to have an abnormal ECG, demonstrating borderline ST elevation in leads I, aVL, and V2-V5. The interventional cardiologist on call was contacted, and the cardiac catheterization lab was activated. Upon left heart catheterization, the patient was found to have a spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) of the distal left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Post-catheterization, the patient was observed on cardiac telemetry and started on dual antiplatelet therapy. Echocardiogram revealed a preserved ejection fraction (EF), but hypokinesis of the apical anterior, anterolateral, inferior, and apical myocardium. The patient was discharged within 48 hours without any complications.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"electrocardiogram"},{"word":"EKG"},{"word":"cardiology"},{"word":"acute coronary syndrome"},{"word":"spontaneous coronary artery dissection"},{"word":"SCAD"}],"section":"Visual EM","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g96632f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Stephen","middle_name":"","last_name":"DeWitt","name_suffix":"DO","institution":"Memorial Health System, Marietta Memorial Hospital Emergency Medicine Residency; Marietta, OH","department":""},{"first_name":"Jacob","middle_name":"","last_name":"McClinton","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"Memorial Health System, Marietta Memorial Hospital","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jarrell","name_suffix":"DO","institution":"Memorial Health System, Marietta Memorial Hospital Emergency Medicine Residency, Marietta, OH","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-11-16T16:05:12+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-07T02:39:59.702000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T19:08:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"DeWitt S, et al. A Case Report of a 36-year-old Male Diagnosed with a Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection. JETem 2026. 11(1)V19-23","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52022/galley/48065/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"DeWitt S, et al. A Case Report of a 36-year-old Male Diagnosed with a Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection. JETem 2026. 11(1)V19-23","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52022/galley/48065/download/"}]},{"pk":52198,"title":"Pre-Clinical Case Competition to Assess Confidence in Responding to Select Out-Of-Hospital Medical Emergencies","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Audience: This session is intended for first- and second-year medical students, or any pre-clinical medical students.
\n\n
Introduction: Preclinical learners build skills and confidence when they practice first responder tasks early in training, and simulation helps them to perform basic procedures better.1,2 A small group case competition uses a game format to reinforce rapid assessment, clear team roles, and closed-loop communication.3,4
\n\n
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest affects hundreds of thousands of people in the United States each year, and survival to discharge is low. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) improve outcomes.5,6 Anaphylaxis is a time-sensitive emergency seen in the community and in the emergency department (ED). Epinephrine is the first-line treatment, and delay to administration worsens outcomes.7,8 Opioid overdose remains a major cause of preventable death. Early recognition, respiratory support, and Naloxone administration are key steps.9
\n\n
Educational Objectives: By the end of this activity, learners will be able to: 1) demonstrate the application of skills in real-life first responder scenarios, including suspected opioid overdose, cardiac arrest, and anaphylaxis; 2) apply knowledge of scene safety and the role of the first responder in various situations; and 3) assess the challenges while applying the skills necessary for collaborative work within a medical team.
\n\n
Educational Methods: A competition combining simulation-based and team-based learning reinforced first responder skills among first- and second-year medical students. Attending physicians evaluated simulated out-of-hospital emergency scenarios using a detailed rubric. This method was chosen to engage learners in a lower-stakes (but still simulated high-pressure) assessment of their skills where undifferentiated patients challenge recall and application in new, previously unknown scenarios.
\n\n
This format was chosen to keep preclinical students active and focused while they practice time-critical first responder skills. Simulation allows decision-making, hands-on actions, and immediate feedback in a safe setting. Team-based learning mirrors ED teamwork by assigning clear roles, prompting closed-loop communication, and requiring shared problem-solving. Station design supports repeated practice and brief debriefs, which builds retention and confidence for early learners. Faculty-scored rubrics provide observable, standardized performance measures and make feedback specific and actionable.
\n\n
Research Methods: Pre- and post-intervention surveys assessed the effectiveness of the case competition featuring three simulation scenarios in improving students' confidence in managing emergency situations.
\n\n
Results: The competition increased participants' confidence in responding to various scenarios, particularly opioid overdoses. Most participants expressed high likelihood of participating in future competitions. Ten preclinical students completed pre- and post-session surveys. Confidence increased across the cohort. For the opioid overdose scenario, “complete confidence” rose from 1/10 (10%) pre- to 6/10 (60%) post. Confidence in cardiac arrest and anaphylaxis also trended upward. Likelihood to respond to a public emergency changed minimally. Interest in future events was high, with 6/10 (60%) extremely likely and 4/10 (40%) somewhat likely to participate again.
\n\n
Discussion: The competition successfully increased confidence and fostered collaboration but faced recruitment challenges due to its optional nature and scheduling. Future implementations could include more advanced learners.
\n\n
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"First Aid"},{"word":"first responder"},{"word":"Competition"},{"word":"pre-clinical"}],"section":"Small Groups","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zb9155n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Harrison","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fillmore","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heisler","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Marissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nadeau","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Emmagene","middle_name":"","last_name":"Worley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Lauren","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Titone","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Tiffany","middle_name":"","last_name":"Murano","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Jimmy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Truong","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-01T19:09:53+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-08T20:57:29.602000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T14:20:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Fillmore H, et al. Pre-Clinical Case Competition to Assess Confidence in Responding to Select Out-Of-Hospital Medical Emergencies. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG29-58","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52198/galley/48064/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Fillmore H, et al. Pre-Clinical Case Competition to Assess Confidence in Responding to Select Out-Of-Hospital Medical Emergencies. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG29-58","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52198/galley/48064/download/"}]},{"pk":52242,"title":"A Case Report of Carotid Cavernous Fistula: A Commonly Missed Diagnosis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) is an ophthalmologic emergency due to an acute rise in intra-orbital pressure and can result in permanent vision loss, oftentimes requiring emergent surgical decompression. Orbital compartment syndrome most commonly occurs due to recent trauma and is often easily diagnosed by history and physical exam. However, there are other causes of OCS where a more subacute/chronic rise in pressure can lead to an atypical presentation. This is a case report of a 48-year-old male who presented with left eye pain and swelling for the past 6 months. The patient had seen two ophthalmologists prior to his emergency department (ED) presentation who had prescribed him an antibiotic ointment, oral steroids, and steroid eye drops. The physical exam in the ED was concerning for increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP) and decreased vision. Ophthalmology was consulted and requested magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to assess a vascular etiology given tortuous retinal vasculature. Emergent surgical decompression was deferred due to chronicity of symptoms, and patient was started on dorzolamide/timolol and brimonidine eye drops as well as intravenous (IV) acetazolamide with subsequent improvement in IOP. Imaging revealed a left carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF), and the patient was admitted to neurosurgery. Patient successfully had an embolization with subsequent normalization of IOP and improvement of symptoms. This case is a good example of how non-traumatic causes of OCS can lead to misdiagnosis and how surgical decompression could potentially be deferred in subacute OCS.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Ocular compartment syndrome"},{"word":"carotid cavernous fistula"},{"word":"eye pain"},{"word":"eye swelling"},{"word":"vision loss"}],"section":"Visual EM","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86j47321","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rosalind","middle_name":"Wu","last_name":"Ma","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of Texas at Southwestern","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Dustin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Harris","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of Texas at Southwestern","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-01-03T20:42:33+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-04T03:04:27.544000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T14:06:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Ma R W, et al. A Case Report of Carotid Cavernous Fistula A Commonly Missed Diagnosis. JETem 2026. 11(1)V1-5","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52242/galley/48071/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Ma R W, et al. A Case Report of Carotid Cavernous Fistula A Commonly Missed Diagnosis. JETem 2026. 11(1)V1-5","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52242/galley/48071/download/"}]},{"pk":52141,"title":"Enhancing Emergency Medicine Resident Education: A Weekly Education Series to Augment Electrocardiogram Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Audience and Type of Curriculum: This electrocardiogram (ECG) curriculum was designed for residents of all levels.
\nLength of Curriculum: The curriculum runs over 1.5 years and is repeated, so that there will be repetition during a resident’s training.
\nIntroduction: Electrocardiogram interpretation is a vital skill for emergency physicians. Formal ECG education in emergency medicine (EM) often consists of a few conference lectures, with the majority of education relegated to the clinical environment. However, this often leaves significant gaps in education, as a full curriculum cannot be implemented within limited conference time.
\nEducational Goals: The goals of the curriculum were to establish an asynchronous ECG curriculum to help improve standardization of EM resident education, expose EM residents to a more comprehensive ECG curriculum, increase active learning in this arena, and decrease the administrative burden while not dedicating further conference time towards ECG education.
\nEducational Methods: The educational strategies used in this curriculum include weekly case emails with instructional content located on a Google Site. These were added to conference lectures that were standard ECG education prior to this initiative. The first year of the augmented curriculum added only the weekly ECG emails with a follow-up answer email, and the website was created for the second year of curriculum implementation.
\nResearch Methods: The educational content was assessed by the learners via a survey to gauge resident satisfaction as well as level of engagement and barriers to use. Additionally, the content was assessed via resident testing at the end of their second year so that they had completed a complete cycle of the curriculum.
\nResults: The asynchronous curriculum improved resident test scores with the addition of the weekly emails from an average of 70% and pass rate of 58% to 82% and 92%, respectively (p=0.012). The addition of the informational website did not further improve scores, though it decreased variation in scores. The residents found the curriculum useful for their education.
\nDiscussion: Curriculum implementation was successful to improve on resident ECG education, both in terms of objective testing as well as resident feedback. It is a sustainable curriculum with methodology that requires little faculty time after setup; the maintenance required for the curriculum mostly consists of updating resident contacts as classes graduate. However, the setup time was significant; despite this, the authors believe this is a time-effective method of educational programming given the little ongoing time requirements.
\nTopics: Electrocardiogram, curriculum development.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"electrocardiogram"},{"word":"curriculum development"}],"section":"Curriculum","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/55h6110q","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Tyler","middle_name":"","last_name":"West","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cleveland Clinic Akron General","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Jarren","middle_name":"","last_name":"Adam","name_suffix":"","institution":"St. Joseph Medical Center","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Watkins","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"Cleveland Clinic Akron General","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2024-05-15T21:34:23+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-11T01:10:25.286000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T13:56:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"West T, et al. Enhancing Emergency Medicine Resident Education A Weekly Education Series to Augment Electrocardiogram Education. JETem 2026. 11(1)C1-89","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52141/galley/48067/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"West T, et al. Enhancing Emergency Medicine Resident Education A Weekly Education Series to Augment Electrocardiogram Education. JETem 2026. 11(1)C1-89","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52141/galley/48067/download/"}]},{"pk":52290,"title":"Clinical Decision-Making Case: Febrile Infant","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Audience: This clinical decision-making (CDM) case is intended for emergency medicine residents of all levels, medical students, and fellows preparing for standardized oral board exams.
\nIntroduction: Fever in a neonate (infant <28 days old) is a medical emergency due to the high risk of serious bacterial infections (SBIs) like meningitis, sepsis, or urinary tract infections (UTIs).1-3 Compared with older infants and children, neonates have immature immune responses, reduced ability to localize infection, and limited physiologic reserve, which contribute to rapid clinical deterioration and increased morbidity and mortality when invasive infection is present.1,3
\nImportantly, clinical presentation in this age group is often subtle and nonspecific. Neonates with life-threatening infections may appear well or only mildly ill on initial examination, with symptoms such as poor feeding, irritability, or decreased urine output serving as early but easily overlooked warning signs.¹,4 As a result, reliance on appearance or focal examination findings alone is insufficient to safely exclude SBI in febrile neonates.
\nCurrent evidence supports a standardized approach to the evaluation of neonatal fever. This includes a complete sepsis workup—consisting of blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid studies—along with early administration of empiric, age-appropriate intravenous antibiotics and hospital admission for close monitoring.¹-³
\nThis clinical decision-making case is designed to reinforce these foundational principles within the context of an emergency department presentation. It emphasizes early recognition of neonatal fever as a high-risk condition, systematic diagnostic reasoning, timely initiation of empiric therapy, and appropriate disposition to a higher level of care. Learners are challenged to clearly articulate their clinical reasoning and management decisions in a high-stakes environment that mirrors real-world emergency medicine practice.
\nEducational Objectives: By the end of this CDM case, learners will be able to: 1) demonstrate familiarity with the CDM case format, 2) recognize the critical importance of fever in a neonate and initiate a thorough evaluation, 3) develop an appropriate differential diagnosis and understand the workup for febrile neonates, 4) identify and justify the appropriate diagnostic studies and interpret their findings in the context of a neonate with fever, 5) justify a treatment plan and understand the critical disposition of a neonate with fever.
\n\n
Educational Methods: The case will be presented as a CDM case with questions posed by the examiner. Learners will be asked to list the history, physical exam findings, differential diagnosis, diagnostic studies, treatments, and final diagnosis in response to the examiner’s prompts.
\n\n
Research Methods: Learners' performance will be evaluated using standardized oral board scoring guidelines. Efficacy will be assessed through feedback from both learners and faculty, focusing on knowledge acquisition and application in a high-stakes environment. Pre- and post-case surveys or performance scoring may be used for evaluation.
\n\n
Results: Preliminary assessments from learners demonstrated improved confidence in managing febrile neonates after completing the case, with a focus on early recognition and appropriate escalation of care.
\n\n
Discussion: Neonatal fever is a high-risk scenario requiring prompt, appropriate management. This case reinforced the importance of early sepsis recognition, comprehensive evaluation, and timely treatment. Learners benefited from exposure to the CDM Case format aiding in their exam preparation.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Neonatal fever"},{"word":"sepsis"},{"word":"meningitis"},{"word":"pediatric emergency medicine"},{"word":"Antibiotic management"},{"word":"Certifying Exam"},{"word":"Clinical Decision-Making Case"}],"section":"Certifying Exam Practice","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0tj2h2n7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carrie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Maupin","name_suffix":"MD, MPH, MHPE","institution":"Virginia Commonwealth University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Ambika","middle_name":"","last_name":"Anand","name_suffix":"MD, MEHP","institution":"Virginia Commonwealth University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Grace","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hickam","name_suffix":"MD, MEHP","institution":"Virginia Commonwealth University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Danielle","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nesbit","name_suffix":"DO","institution":"Virginia Commonwealth University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2025-04-30T17:02:20+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-13T00:41:00.709000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T11:57:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Maupin C. Clinical Decision-Making Case Febrile Infant. JETem 2026. 11(1)CE1-23","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52290/galley/48107/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Maupin C. Clinical Decision-Making Case Febrile Infant. JETem 2026. 11(1)CE1-23","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52290/galley/48107/download/"}]},{"pk":52202,"title":"Open Chest Wound with Sternal Fracture in the Emergency Department, a Case Report","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
This case highlights a rare and complex occurrence of an open chest wound with a pathologic sternal fracture. This resulted from a combination of remote chest trauma, chronic chest wall infection, malignancy, and ultimately, sternal osteomyelitis. A 69-year-old male presented with a large, open anterior chest wound, chronic ulceration, and weight loss. Thirty years earlier, the patient had sustained trauma from a firecracker, which led to a chronic wound for which he did not seek medical attention. Physical exam revealed a large open chest wound with an open sternal fracture and exposed pericardium. The patient underwent surgical resection, followed by chest wall reconstruction using a rectus myocutaneous flap. Tissue pathology confirmed squamous cell carcinoma and osteomyelitis of the sternum.
\n\n
The case demonstrates the complexity of managing a large chronic chest wound and pathologic sternal fracture secondary to malignancy and osteomyelitis. The key lesson is the importance of early medical evaluation and a multidisciplinary approach to improve outcomes in similar scenarios. The rarity of this case emphasizes the need for heightened awareness among clinicians who may encounter earlier presentations of this disease process in order to prevent complications, such as osteomyelitis, pathological fractures and structural instability of the chest wall.
\n\n
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"open sternal fracture"},{"word":"open chest wound"},{"word":"chest wall malignancy"},{"word":"squamous cell carcinoma"},{"word":"Sternal osteomyelitis"},{"word":"chronic chest wall infection"}],"section":"Visual EM","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mv231np","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alexandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ortego","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine","department":"Emergency Medic"},{"first_name":"Vivek","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sharma","name_suffix":"DO","institution":"NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-23T15:47:28+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-12T20:32:08.602000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T11:54:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Ortego A, et al. Open Chest Wound with Sternal Fracture in the Emergency Department, a Case Report. JETem 2026. 11(1)V15-18","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52202/galley/48069/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Ortego A, et al. Open Chest Wound with Sternal Fracture in the Emergency Department, a Case Report. JETem 2026. 11(1)V15-18","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52202/galley/48069/download/"}]},{"pk":52351,"title":"A Multimodal Approach to Lateral Canthotomy and Cantholysis Training for Emergency Medicine Trainees: A Simulation Training Package","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Audience: This simulation is intended for emergency medicine residents.
Background: Lateral canthotomy and cantholysis (LCC) is a sight-saving procedure for orbital compartment syndrome (OCS).1 Due to the rarity of OCS, emergency-medicine trainees often have limited exposure and low procedural confidence. In a questionnaire we found that trainees have low confidence levels in performing the procedure attributed to the low incidence of OCS and the scarcity of training opportunities. Existing literature describes LCC task trainers with creation of simulation models, but few provide a reproducible multimodal package adaptable for multiple training centres.2,3 Our innovation combines presentation, instructional video, gamified quiz, and hands-on practicer with low fidelity models. Unlike previous studies referencing the use of pre-made or cadaveric-based models, this design offers detailed guidance on model assembly using commonly available and low-cost materials.2,3 We designed and tested a multimodal training approach to optimize trainee confidence and competence in recognizing OSC and performing the LCC procedure. This aligns with recent calls in medical education for innovative, cost-effective simulation that maintains clear guidance and instructions while overcoming financial and/or logistical barriers.4,5
\nEducational Objectives: By the end of this session, learners should be able to: 1) recognize the clinical features of OCS, 2) describe the indications and steps of performing LCC, 3) perform a lateral canthotomy and cantholysis procedure on a low-fidelity model, and 4) demonstrate improved confidence in recognizing and managing OCS.
\n\n
Educational Methods: The training uses a multimodal structure involving the following resources: 1) Instructor-led presentation on OCS and LCC with a step-by-step guide (Appendix A), 2) gamified quiz (Appendix B), 3) a procedural demonstration video, 4) a procedural handout containing a step-by-step guide (Appendix C), 5) a low-fidelity model of the orbit constructed from inexpensive materials, and 6) hands-on procedural practice with trainer feedback.
\n\n
Research Methods: Trainees’ confidence and perceived competence in performing the procedure were assessed using a 10-point Likert scale before and after the training, in addition to collection of qualitative feedback via free-text comments. Trainees also rated all educational components of the course using a 10-point Likert scale. Statistical significance was calculated using paired t-tests.
\n\n
Results: A total of thirty-four emergency medicine trainees participated in this multi-national training simulation package across three centers within the UK, completing pre- and post-intervention feedback. We observed a significant improvement in participants’ self-assessed confidence levels when comparing theoretical knowledge (5.0 ± 2.5 to 8.7 ± 1.7; p < 0.0001) and procedural competence (4.1 ± 2.8 to 8.9 ± 1.5; p < 0.0001). All educational components of the training package were rated highly, with mean scores ranging between 8.7 and 10 (measured on a 10-point Likert scale). All trainees involved supported the idea of annual delivery of the training package to emergency medicine trainees. Qualitative feedback further supported the value of practical simulation.
\n\n
Discussion: Given the severe clinical consequences of OCS, there is a need for diagnostic and procedural competence. This training package demonstrated significant improvement in trainees’ confidence and competence for a rare but critical emergency department procedure. The low-fidelity model and simulation package is reproducible, cost-effective, and scalable across training centres.
\n\n
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Simulation"},{"word":"Cantholysis"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"Orbital compartment syndrome"},{"word":"lateral canthotomy"},{"word":"Procedural skills"},{"word":"low-fidelity model"}],"section":"Innovations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fg1s80w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Haris","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shoaib","name_suffix":"","institution":"Royal Bolton Hospital","department":"Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics"},{"first_name":"Yunus","middle_name":"K","last_name":"Hussain","name_suffix":"BSc (Hons), MBBS","institution":"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust","department":"Department of Radiology"},{"first_name":"Shiza","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shoaib","name_suffix":"","institution":"Guy’s Campus, King’s College London","department":"GKT School of Medical Education"},{"first_name":"Sulaiman","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hussain","name_suffix":"BSc (Hons), MBBS","institution":"Royal Blackburn Hospital","department":"Emergency Department"},{"first_name":"Haider","middle_name":"A","last_name":"Chaudhary","name_suffix":"BDS","institution":"Cumberland Infirmary","department":"Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery"},{"first_name":"Muhammad","middle_name":"Subed","last_name":"Ali","name_suffix":"MBBS","institution":"Basildon & Thurrock University Hospital","department":"Department of Clinical Education"},{"first_name":"Cara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jennings","name_suffix":"MBBS","institution":"King’s College Hospital","department":"Emergency Department"},{"first_name":"Tara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"MBBS","institution":"King’s College Hospital","department":"Emergency Department"}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-12T21:23:36+02:00","date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2026-01-31T11:42:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Shoaib H, et al. A Multimodal Approach to Lateral Canthotomy and Cantholysis Training for Emergency Medicine Trainees A Simulation Training Package. JETem 2026. 11(1)I1-18","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52351/galley/48072/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Shoaib H, et al. A Multimodal Approach to Lateral Canthotomy and Cantholysis Training for Emergency Medicine Trainees A Simulation Training Package. JETem 2026. 11(1)I1-18","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52351/galley/48072/download/"}]},{"pk":52203,"title":"A Case Report of an Atypical Presentation of Fournier’s Gangrene","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Fournier’s gangrene is a well-established surgical emergency as patients can decompensate rapidly, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. We describe a case in which a 54-year-old medically complex male presented to the emergency department (ED) with a primary complaint of abdominal pain after a therapeutic paracentesis was performed by interventional radiology just prior to arrival. Upon further questioning, the patient reported scrotal pain that had developed over three to four days. On exam, the patient was well-appearing although he did have scattered scrotal masses with chalky white purulence. Given the relatively quick development, an atypical presentation of Fournier’s gangrene was suspected, and the patient was started on antibiotics with urology immediately consulted. Imaging was concerning for subcutaneous gas. The patient was subsequently taken to the operating room (OR) for debridement, where Fournier’s gangrene was confirmed by surgical investigation and culture. Significant lessons from the case include the importance of early identification of Fournier’s gangrene and having a low threshold to start treatment in coordination with a surgical service for atypical presentations.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Fournier’s gangrene"},{"word":"Bilateral Epididymitis"},{"word":"scrotal pain"},{"word":"Urologic emergency"},{"word":"renal transplant"}],"section":"Visual EM","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7425245k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elaha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Noori","name_suffix":"BS","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"School of Medicine"},{"first_name":"Konnor","middle_name":"","last_name":"Davis","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"School of Medicine"},{"first_name":"Tyler","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rigdon","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Lindsey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Spiegelman","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2024-09-23T04:11:54+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-25T21:31:53.504000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T11:37:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Noori E, et al. A Case Report of an Atypical Presentation of Fournier’s Gangrene. JETem 2026. 11(1)V9-14","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52203/galley/48106/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Noori E, et al. A Case Report of an Atypical Presentation of Fournier’s Gangrene. JETem 2026. 11(1)V9-14","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52203/galley/48106/download/"}]},{"pk":52230,"title":"Opioid Overdose Simulation in Medical Student Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Audience: The target audience for this simulation is third-year medical students, specifically those in an emergency medicine clerkship.
\n\n
Introduction: This topic is critically important in emergency medicine due to the ongoing opioid epidemic, which has led to a dramatic rise in overdose cases and deaths across the United States. Overdose deaths involving opioids numbered nearly 50,000 in 2019, a nearly six-fold increase since 1999.1 Over 70% of drug overdose deaths in 2019 involved opioids. Emergency department visits for opioid overdoses rose 30% from 2016 to 2017 in all parts of the United States. 2Emergency departments often serve as the front line in treating opioid overdoses, where rapid recognition and timely administration of Naloxone can be lifesaving. Training medical students to recognize and manage opioid overdoses is essential to prepare them for real-world scenarios, ensuring they are equipped with the skills and confidence to respond effectively in emergencies. Educating future healthcare providers on this topic could ultimately reduce opioid-related mortality and improve patient outcomes in these high-stakes situations.
\n\n
Educational Objectives: By the end of the simulation session, learners will be able to: 1) accurately identify the three key clinical signs of opioid overdose (respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, unresponsiveness), 2) identify and administer the correct dose and route of Naloxone within five minutes of recognizing an opioid overdose, 3) perform at least two basic life support (BLS) interventions, such as airway management and bag-valve mask ventilation, 4) communicate effectively with team members by providing clear instructions and patient status updates at least three times during the simulation.
\n\n
Educational Methods: In this study, high-fidelity simulation was implemented by creating a patient scenario of an opioid overdose, where students were required to recognize the symptoms and administer appropriate treatment, specifically Naloxone. The simulation was a component of the third-year emergency medicine clerkship curriculum.
\n\n
Research Methods: Learners completed pre- and post-simulation surveys assessing confidence in recognizing and managing opioid overdose, administering Naloxone, and performing airway interventions. The surveys used 5-point Likert scales to evaluate perceived competence and simulation effectiveness.
\n\n
Results: The simulation significantly improved learners’ confidence and knowledge in recognizing, managing, and treating opioid overdoses. Post-simulation surveys demonstrated marked gains across all domains of assessment, confirming the educational effectiveness of the scenario.
\n\n
Discussion: Overall, the educational content was highly effective. The significant increase in students' confidence and knowledge regarding the recognition and treatment of opioid overdoses demonstrates that the hands-on, high-fidelity simulation successfully met its objectives. By immersing students in a realistic scenario and allowing them to practice administering Naloxone, the simulation prepared them to handle real-life cases with greater confidence and competence.
\n\n
From its implementation, we learned that simulation-based education is a powerful tool for teaching critical skills in emergency medicine, particularly for life-threatening situations like opioid overdose. The overwhelmingly positive feedback from students further reinforced that they found the simulation valuable and informative.
\n","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Opioid overdose recognition and treatment"},{"word":"emergency medicine education"},{"word":"high-fidelity simulation"},{"word":"Naloxone Administration"},{"word":"recognition of overdose symptoms"},{"word":"treatment of opioid overdose"},{"word":"clinical confidence"},{"word":"patient-simulated experience"},{"word":"Opioid Epidemic"},{"word":"mu-opioid receptor antagonism"},{"word":"knowledge and confidence assessed via pre- and post-simulation surveys"}],"section":"Simulation","is_remote":false,"remote_url":"https://jetem.org/opioid_od_ms/","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"F","last_name":"Mangano","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Sarsfield","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Hannah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Charland","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Campoli","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","department":""},{"first_name":"Martin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kim","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Amber","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gray","name_suffix":"","institution":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-05T15:21:14+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-26T21:57:40.326000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T11:32:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Mangano J, et al. Opioid Overdose Simulation in Medical Student Education. JETem 2026. 11(1)S1-28","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52230/galley/48063/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Mangano J, et al. Opioid Overdose Simulation in Medical Student Education. JETem 2026. 11(1)S1-28","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52230/galley/48063/download/"}]},{"pk":52208,"title":"Pediatric Difficult Airway Simulation Day","subtitle":null,"abstract":"
Audience: This small-group simulation workshop is designed for pediatric emergency medicine fellows but can also be offered to emergency medicine residents or faculty.
\n\n
Introduction: Pediatric intubation is a high-acuity, low-frequency event. Specific patient scenarios that may lead to a difficult pediatric airway, such as airway edema, airway contamination (hemorrhage, emesis), prematurity, obesity, shock, and inhalational injuries, compound an already challenging and emergent situation. Previous studies have investigated simulation-based airway education for emergency medicine (EM), anesthesia, and critical care trainees. To our knowledge, there has been no study reporting the development and outcomes of a difficult airway course for pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows covering emergency department (ED)-specific pediatric difficult airway content.
\n\n
Educational Objectives: The objective of this one-day simulation workshop is to increase learner confidence and skills necessary to perform critical pediatric airway procedures. PEM fellows of all training levels at our institution completed a three-hour “PEM Difficult Airway Day,” which consisted of six 30-minute stations focusing on airway scenarios critical for PEM fellow training: five high- and low-fidelity simulations (premature neonate, inhalational injury, contaminated airway, obese patient, and failed airway) and one discussion-based station on the physiologically difficult intubation. By the end of this workshop, learners will be able to: 1) identify various clinical situations in which a pediatric patient may have a difficult airway, 2) successfully intubate mannequins with simulated difficult airways using direct laryngoscopy (DL), video laryngoscopy (VL), laryngeal mask airway (LMA) placement, bougie-assisted intubation, and a hyper-angulated VL blade, and 3) recognize and describe the management of physiologically difficult airways and failed airways.
\n\n
Educational Methods: Small group activity combining procedural high- and low-fidelity simulations, as well as case-based learning.
\n\n
Research Methods: The PEM fellows completed pre- and post-workshop surveys to assess their airway knowledge and confidence regarding intubation using DL, VL, LMA placement, bougie-assisted intubation, intubation using a hyper-angulated VL blade, managing the anatomically difficult airway, managing the physiologically difficult airway, and managing the failed airway. In addition, learners were asked to identify any areas with continued knowledge gaps and low procedural confidence that they wished to be addressed in a future “PEM Difficult Airway Day.”
\n\n
Results: Our findings suggest that the “PEM Difficult Airway Day” significantly improved PEM fellow knowledge and confidence in infrequently performed critical pediatric EM scenarios, such as bougie-assisted intubation and use of a hyper-angulated VL blade, and knowledge of options and techniques for managing the anatomically difficult, physiologically difficult, and failed airway. There was no statistically significant improvement in confidence in DL and VL intubation and LMA placement. Additionally, fellows identified management of airway foreign bodies as an area with a continued knowledge gap and low procedural confidence.
\n\n
Discussion: A workshop dedicated to increasing the confidence and procedural skills necessary to perform critical airway procedures can be successfully offered to PEM fellows as a single-day, focused, small-group simulation workshop.
\n\n
Topics: Pediatric airway simulation, pediatric difficult airway, pediatric emergency medicine, simulation curriculum, medical education, workshop.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Pediatric airway simulation"},{"word":"pediatric difficult airway"},{"word":"pediatric emergency medicine"},{"word":"simulation curriculum"},{"word":"Medical Education"},{"word":"workshop"}],"section":"Small Groups","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sx7440s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nationwide Children's Hospital The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center","department":""},{"first_name":"Abha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Athale","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nationwide Children's Hospital The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center","department":""},{"first_name":"Anne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Runkle","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nationwide Children's Hospital\n\nThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2024-10-03T18:58:26+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-09T18:28:02.453000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T11:18:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Chen S, et al. Pediatric Difficult Airway Simulation Day. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG73-163","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52208/galley/48114/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Chen S, et al. Pediatric Difficult Airway Simulation Day. JETem 2026. 11(1)SG73-163","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52208/galley/48114/download/"}]},{"pk":52206,"title":"Effects of Volume Overload: A Case Report of an Edema Bulla","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We present a case of a 75-year-old female with a history of congestive heart failure who developed a large edema bulla on her right shin after running out of her home medications. The patient presented with swelling and a rapidly enlarging bulla that reached the size of a grapefruit. Physical examination revealed bilateral pitting edema and a 10 x 10 cm bulla filled with serous fluid. Dermatology was consulted, confirming the diagnosis of edema bulla secondary to acute volume overload. The bulla was drained in the emergency department, and the patient was discharged with wound care instructions, including the application of petroleum jelly and vinegar compresses. Follow-up three months later showed significant healing. This case highlights the importance of recognizing edema bullae in patients and managing the underlying fluid overload. This case report specifically demonstrates that edema bullae can present at sizes larger than the 1-5 cm range described in existing literature.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"bulla"},{"word":"Vesicle"},{"word":"Dermatology"},{"word":"Blister"}],"section":"Visual EM","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sw5g3k9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jarom","middle_name":"","last_name":"Morris","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Utah","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Matthew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sommer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Utah","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Felix","middle_name":"","last_name":"Braun","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of Utah","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Brent","middle_name":"","last_name":"Klapthor","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of Utah","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Allison","middle_name":"","last_name":"Beaulieu","name_suffix":"MD, MAEd","institution":"University of Utah","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"},{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fix","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of Utah","department":"Department of Emergency Medicine"}],"date_submitted":"2024-11-07T16:35:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2025-11-26T22:15:13.852000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-31T11:04:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"Morris J, et al. Effects of Volume Overload A Case Report of an Edema Bulla. JETem 2026. 11(1)V6-8","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52206/galley/48070/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"Morris J, et al. Effects of Volume Overload A Case Report of an Edema Bulla. JETem 2026. 11(1)V6-8","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_jetem/article/52206/galley/48070/download/"}]},{"pk":53987,"title":"Seasonal variations of aquatic hyphomycete communities in a temperate, a Mediterranean and a tropical stream","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Aquatic hyphomycete diversity and community composition varies with temperature in space and time. The distribution of species is influenced by temperature along latitudinal gradients, and species richness increases from tropical to temperate latitudes. This pattern is thought to result from an adaptation to cold water, as well as from the highest seasonal temperature fluctuation in temperate streams. Seasonal temperature variations actually influence the occurrence of species in temperate streams. However, much less is known about the seasonal variability of tropical aquatic hyphomycete communities, and no study to date compared this variability across latitudes. In this study, we sampled aquatic hyphomycete communities in 3 streams located under different climates (temperate, Mediterranean and tropical), every month during one year. According to our predictions, we found the highest seasonal variability of aquatic hyphomycete communities in the Mediterranean stream, where temperature fluctuations were also the strongest. However, and despite a high and relatively constant temperature, aquatic hyphomycete communities in the tropical stream exhibited significant seasonal variations as well as the highest species richness. This result contrasts with previous results and highlights the need for further comprehensive studies on aquatic hyphomycete biogeography.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Aquatic fungi"},{"word":"streams"},{"word":"latitude"},{"word":"season"},{"word":"biodiversity"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/41z3r72r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeremy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jabiol","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Marion","middle_name":"","last_name":"Labeille","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Bertrand","middle_name":"","last_name":"Devillers","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Nabil","middle_name":"","last_name":"Majdi","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-11-21T13:25:04.030000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-21T18:50:49.876000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T12:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/53987/galley/48113/download/"}]},{"pk":52827,"title":"\"Being a Whole Medievalist Both Inside and Outside the Academy\"","subtitle":null,"abstract":"As the new Dean of Arts and Sciences at Bentley University and the author of The Lost Book of Elizabeth Barton (Brown 2026), I am a different kind of medievalist from when I started my career in 2003. The story of that journey is not just about me but also about the massive shifts in our profession.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nj497mv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"N","last_name":"Brown","name_suffix":"","institution":"Bentley University","department":"Arts & Science"}],"date_submitted":"2025-09-13T16:04:27.387000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-09-13T17:43:27.231000+02:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T07:33:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/52827/galley/48103/download/"}]},{"pk":50760,"title":"Premodern Perspectives, Disability Studies, and Public Writing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"As part of a cluster of pieces on \"the whole medievalist,\" this essay challanges conventional boundaries between academic and public writing by demonstrating how my scholarly expertise in premodern literature and culture was instrumental to the arguments and ethos of my recent book Right from the Start: A Practical Guide for Helping Young Children with Autism. Specifically, the essay discusses The Ancrene Wisse and The Book of Margery Kempe to reveal how medieval conceptions of rules and social non-conformity inform my writing about autism, understood as a form of life that warrants both a compassionate response from the neurotypical community and structured accommodations that support autistic people in the practice of self-regulation and self-advocacy. Even though Right from the Start does not explicitly say anything about early English writers, the book’s most central insights — and its ethical commitments — derive from my explorations of medieval culture and its capacious perspectives on human identity, communal values, and ways of being in the world — topics that are integral to any discussion of autism today.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g15z1kb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kate","middle_name":"","last_name":"Crassons","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-08-27T03:34:47.058000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-09-13T05:54:56.604000+02:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T07:32:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/50760/galley/48102/download/"}]},{"pk":62057,"title":"Introduction: Who Needs a Whole Medievalist?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Describes the editors’ and contributors’ various efforts to decompartmentalize our lives as medievalists: both to explore different ways of being a “whole medievalist” in the rapidly-changing landscape of higher ed; and also to consider what we as academic medievalists might have to offer beyond the confines of our fields.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"medievalist"},{"word":"integration"},{"word":"higher ed"}],"section":"Introduction","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rm8g07c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schirmer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Other","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-15T01:36:39.286000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-22T22:34:39.041000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T06:24:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/62057/galley/48105/download/"}]},{"pk":53181,"title":"Going Local","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This essay explains what happened when I began to pay attention to comics culture in the region where I live. Through conversations with students and with area artists, I learned that a massive printing facility that generated millions of comics and other texts used to occupy the land across the street from my university. In addition to helping me understand my surroundings in a new light, my forays into local history and comics studies have sent me back to medieval studies with a renewed sense of purpose. In response to corporate and institutional pressures to adopt new technologies uncritically, we humanities scholars need to foreground the collaborative processes by which both medieval and contemporary texts are made, distributed, consumed, and revised. We should emphatically and persistently explain why it is important for students — and indeed, for all of us — to communicate fluently, creatively, and independently.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Literacies"},{"word":"Teaching"},{"word":"Local history"},{"word":"Comics"},{"word":"General Education"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nt6g02f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Moira","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fitzgibbons","name_suffix":"","institution":"Marist University","department":"English"}],"date_submitted":"2025-10-17T17:15:23.258000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-17T19:26:12.191000+02:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T06:08:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/53181/galley/48021/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/53181/galley/48021/download/"}]},{"pk":53162,"title":"Medieval Sex Ed: Hermeneutical Injustice and Forms of Resistance in and Beyond the Medieval Classroom ","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This essay explores the challenge — and importance — of teaching gender- and sexuality-focused medieval studies in the undergraduate classroom. It particularly considers pedagogy in the Southeastern United States and teaching students who come from backgrounds with a strong focus on censoring practical and non-normative knowledge about gender, sex, and sexuality. Drawing on Miranda Fricker’s theory of hermeneutical injustice, this essay argues that medieval literature provides a crucial space for students to recognize and resist the silences and distortions surrounding their own sex education. By exploring the inventive, playful, and creative ways that medieval texts approach sex and gender, students learn to see the unjust limits of their own education and are invited to see and explore — through traditional and creative class projects — alternative ways, new and historical, of understanding sex, gender, and sexuality.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"pedagogy"},{"word":"Queer Studies"},{"word":"queer medieval studies"},{"word":"trans studies"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75t4r1q7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jessica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hines","name_suffix":"","institution":"Whitman College","department":"English"}],"date_submitted":"2025-10-16T05:45:07.052000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-16T18:09:55.768000+02:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T02:12:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/53162/galley/48104/download/"}]},{"pk":53226,"title":"Developing a Teaching Collection of Manuscript Fragments at a Regional Comprehensive Institution","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This essay shares the author's experiences of developing a teaching collection of medieval manuscript materials at a state school whose Special Collections library is relatively small, recently established, and modestly funded. Focusing on specific tips and strategies for collection development and for using these materials in the classroom, this essay offers practical advice for instructors wishing to provide students with a basic understanding of medieval textuality, and to add a meaningful experiential component to classes in medieval literature.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"special collections"},{"word":"pedagogy"},{"word":"manuscript fragments"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9np6r4w2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kathryn","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Vulic","name_suffix":"","institution":"Western Washington University","department":"English"}],"date_submitted":"2025-10-22T20:50:21.716000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-22T23:17:47.052000+02:00","date_published":"2026-01-30T02:11:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/53226/galley/48020/download/"}]},{"pk":48881,"title":"\"Personal Circumstances\": Why I Left Academia","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This piece details the author's reasons for leaving her tenured position eight years previously. It argues that the rigid and hierarchical system of tenure no longer serves its purpose of preserving freedom of speech. Using her own experience, the author argues that the tenure system shuts out members of marginalized groups by entrenching labor practices and working conditions that are unfriendly to them.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-ND 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Women"},{"word":"ethnic and racial minorities"},{"word":"academia"},{"word":"tenure"},{"word":"English"},{"word":"Humanities"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bq3f4r3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nicole","middle_name":"Nolan","last_name":"Sidhu","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-03T17:39:48.967000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-12-12T18:07:55.666000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-29T23:22:17.575000+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ncs_pedagogyandprofession/article/48881/galley/48101/download/"}]},{"pk":62234,"title":"CDEM CORD Special Issue on Education Research and Practice","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"WestJEM Full-Text Issue","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36d3r8hk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cassandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Saucedo","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Isabella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Choi","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2026-01-29T05:29:20.189000+01:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-29T05:32:24.864000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-29T04:37:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/62234/galley/48074/download/"}]},{"pk":48670,"title":"Clinical Predictors of Intracranial Pathology in Emergency Department Patients with Non-traumatic Headache and No Neurological Deficits: Prospective Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Non-traumatic headache is a common emergency department (ED) presentation, yet identifying intracranial causes remains challenging in the absence of neurological deficits. In this study we aimed to evaluate the incidence and predictive ability of clinical red flag signs and symptoms for intracranial pathology.
\nMethods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study across six academic EDs with residency programs in Türkiye. We enrolled consecutive adult patients with non-traumatic headache and no neurological deficits who had cranial computed tomography (CT) at the discretion of the treating attending physician. Exclusion criteria were recent trauma, pregnancy, fever, hematologic conditions, and known intracranial pathology. We recorded clinical features using standardized forms. The primary outcome was the presence of intracranial pathology confirmed by CT or subsequent diagnosis within a one-month follow-up.
\nResults: Of 1,522 patients, 57 (3.7%, 95% CI, 2.8-4.8) had intracranial pathology; 104 (6.8%) patients could not be reached during the one-month follow-up. The most common diagnoses were subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (n = 20, 35.1%); ischemic stroke (n = 16, 28.1%); subdural hemorrhage (n = 6, 10.5%); and sinus vein thrombosis (n = 6, 10.5%). Both univariate and multivariate analyses identified that headache aggravated by physical activity (OR 5.98; 95% CI, 2.3-15.2) and age > 50 years (OR 3; 95% CI, 1.65-5.5) independently predicted the cause of the headache. For SAH, headache exacerbated by physical activity (OR 18.6; 95% CI, 5.6-62.3), and syncope (OR 5.7; 95% CI, 1.4-24.3) were independent risk factors. Notably, “sudden onset” and “worst headache ever” were not significant predictors of intracranial pathology in this cohort. The prevalence of sudden-onset headache (45%, n = 9, vs 50.3%, n = 753; P = .64) and “worst headache ever” (55%, n = 11, vs 59.4%, n = 890; P = .69) did not differ significantly between patients with and those without SAH. The odds ratios from the multivariable analyses for sudden onset (OR 1.13, 95% CI, 0.4-3.0) and “worst headache ever” (OR 1.38, 95% CI, 0.47-4.0) were not statistically significant for SAH.
\nConclusion: In ED patients presenting with non-traumatic headache and no focal neurological deficits, headache aggravated by physical activity is a significant indicator for any intracranial pathology causing headache and, specifically, for subarachnoid hemorrhage. While age > 50 years was associated with intracranial pathology causing headache, syncope was specifically linked to subarachnoid hemorrhage. These findings may help refine clinical decision-making for neuroimaging in this patient population.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"non-traumatic headache"},{"word":"subarachnoid hemorrhage"},{"word":"red flags"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"computed tomography"},{"word":"secondary headache"}],"section":"Neurology","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3z80f7ws","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mustafa","middle_name":"","last_name":"serinken","name_suffix":"","institution":"Denipollife Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"Cenker","middle_name":"","last_name":"Eken","name_suffix":"","institution":"Denipollife Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"faruk","middle_name":"","last_name":"güngör","name_suffix":"","institution":"ASV Yaşam Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Antalya, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"ömer","middle_name":"","last_name":"akdağ","name_suffix":"","institution":"Isparta State Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Isparta, Türkiye","department":""},{"first_name":"Veli","middle_name":"","last_name":"Citisli","name_suffix":"","institution":"Pamukkale University, Department of Neurosurgery, Denizli, Türkiye","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-18T10:21:48.197000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-30T09:08:20.415000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-27T16:35:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48670/galley/49053/download/"}]},{"pk":50695,"title":"Genetic confirmation of the Indotyphlops braminus complex (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) in Afghanistan, with a global “out-of-India” perspective on its introductions","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Brahminy blindsnake, Indotyphlops braminus (Daudin, 1803) complex, is a small, parthenogenetic typhlopid widely distributed across tropical and subtropical Asia and represented by numerous introduced populations worldwide. Although reported from neighbouring Pakistan and Iran, its occurrence in Afghanistan has remained unverified. During field surveys in Nangarhar Province, eastern Afghanistan, we collected a specimen morphologically consistent with I. braminus complex and generated mitochondrial DNA sequences (16S, COI, cytochrome b). Phylogenetic analyses, incorporating newly sequenced material from Pakistan, revealed that the Afghan and Pakistani samples form a distinct, well-supported clade within the I. braminus complex that is also known from southern India (I. cf. braminus II), and is genetically distinct from both I. braminus sensu stricto and the globally widespread introduced clade I. cf. braminus I. This constitutes the first genetically and morphologically confirmed record of Indotyphlops Hedges et al., 2014 from Afghanistan and the first published genetic data for the genus from Pakistan. Our findings extend the documented northwestern range limit of the I. braminus complex on the Indian subcontinent, with its occurrence in Afghanistan apparently associated with low-elevation subtropical river corridors and limited northwards by the high-elevation and arid landscapes of the Hindu Kush region. In addition, our global synthesis of genotyped records provides an “out-of-India” perspective on the worldwide introductions within the complex.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"fossorial reptiles"},{"word":"introductions"},{"word":"phylogeography"},{"word":"south Asia"},{"word":"taxonomy."},{"word":"taxonomy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88j0q9m6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jablonski","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava","department":""},{"first_name":"Arifulah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nangarhar University","department":"Department of Biology"},{"first_name":"Mohammad","middle_name":"Arif","last_name":"Irfan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kabul University","department":"Department of Zoology"},{"first_name":"Abdul","middle_name":"Rahman","last_name":"Osmani","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kabul University","department":"Department of Zoology"},{"first_name":"Sahil","middle_name":"Naveed","last_name":"Stanikzai","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kabul University","department":"Department of Zoology"},{"first_name":"Abdul","middle_name":"","last_name":"Basit","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""},{"first_name":"Rafaqat","middle_name":"","last_name":"Masroor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Pakistan museum of Natural History","department":"Department of Zoology"}],"date_submitted":"2025-08-18T22:08:31.177000+02:00","date_accepted":"2026-01-14T09:54:45.184000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-27T14:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/50695/galley/48057/download/"}]},{"pk":48717,"title":"Physician Gestalt for Anemia Detection in the Emergency Department: A Prospective Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anemia is common in the emergency department (ED). Physicians often rely on inspecting conjunctival pallor or other body parts for gestalt estimates. We aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of physician gestalt for anemia detection and examine the impact of clinical experience and incorporating images of multiple body parts on physician gestalt-based anemia detection.
\nMethods: Prospective observational study in the ED at an academic medical center between January–November 2023. Using convenience sampling, we included patients ≥ 18 years with recent laboratory hemoglobin (Hgb) measurements. We used a smartphone to capture the images of the patient’s conjunctiva, palm, and fingernails. Five board-certified attending emergency physicians (two junior, two mid-level, and one senior) reviewed the patient images and provided gestalt predictions of Hgb levels and anemia likelihood on a 1-10 scale. Two pairs of physicians evaluated the same set of patient images to assess reliability. Anemia was defined as Hgb < 13.1 grams per deciliter (g/dL) for men and < 11.0 g/dL for women, according to our laboratory standard.
\nResults: We enrolled a total of 100 patients (mean age 67 years; 45% male). Of these, 59 (59%) had anemia and 41 (41%) did not. The correlation coefficients between physicians’ predicted Hgb levels and actual Hgb levels were only moderate (0.31, 0.41, and 0.40 for junior, mid-level, and senior physicians, respectively; P < .05 for all). Although not statistically significant, the mid-level physicians’ gestalt had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.78), followed by senior- (0.74) and junior physicians (0.72). The impact of incrementally adding images of other body parts to conjunctiva was small (mean changes in anemia likelihood <1 on a 1-10 scale). The agreement on predicted Hgb levels between the paired physicians was high (0.71 for junior physicians, 0.67 for mid-level physicians, P < .001 for both).
\nConclusion: Physician gestalt demonstrated moderate validity and moderate-to-high reliability for anemia detection. Adding images other than conjunctiva did not improve the performance of physician gestalt. However, the clinical experience did matter slightly in detecting anemia.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"anemia"},{"word":"conjunctival pallor"},{"word":"physician gestalt"},{"word":"emergency department"}],"section":"Clinical Practice","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x13r8sz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yun-Chang","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yunlin, Taiwan","department":""},{"first_name":"Shu-Hsien","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hsu","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan","department":""},{"first_name":"Chiat Qiao","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liew","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan","department":"Emergency"},{"first_name":"Chih-Wei","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sung","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hsinchu, Taiwan","department":""},{"first_name":"Chia-Hsin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ko","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan","department":""},{"first_name":"Chien-Hua","middle_name":"","last_name":"Huang","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan","department":""},{"first_name":"Ming-Tai","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cheng","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yunlin, Taiwan; National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan","department":""},{"first_name":"Chu-Lin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tsai","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-06-21T11:12:12.711000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-28T06:17:34.166000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-26T19:02:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48717/galley/49058/download/"}]},{"pk":49038,"title":"Impact of Emergency Department Intravenous Fluid Conservation Strategies During a National Shortage: A Multi-Site Retrospective Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Effective disaster response in healthcare depends on coordinated strategies that maintain access to critical supplies across institutions. During Hurricane Helene in September 2024, a major intravenous (IV) fluid shortage caused by the destruction of a manufacturing plant exposed the vulnerability of centralized supply chains. Our objective in this study was to evaluate the impact of a multisite IV fluid conservation initiative on ordering patterns, cost, and environmental outcomes across three emergency departments (ED).
\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective study evaluating large-volume, IV fluid-bolus orders placed before, during, and after the critical shortage. Interventions included an interruptive alert in the electronic health record, clinician education, and workflow adjustments. Our primary outcome measure was the number of IV fluid-bolus orders placed during each period. Secondary outcomes included total fluid volume administered, total cost of fluids, estimated carbon dioxide emissions, and the proportion of ED encounters involving fluid administration.
\nResults: During the pre-shortage period, 24,251 IV fluid-bolus orders were placed across 41,752 ED encounters (41.8%). Orders dropped to 18,692 during the critical shortage across 39,840 encounters (30.8%), reflecting a 22.9% relative reduction. In the post-shortage period, 23,911 orders were placed across 40,967 encounters (39.6%), remaining slightly below baseline. Estimated cost savings during the shortage period totaled $27,202, with a projected annual savings of $108,808. Carbon dioxide emissions dropped by 3.1 metric tons—the equivalent of avoiding the use of over 349 gallons of gasoline.
\nConclusion: Emergency department-based conservation strategies were associated with measurable reductions in IV fluid use, cost, and environmental impact. Further validation is needed to understand their impact on clinical outcomes and healthcare system resilience.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63s5t7g5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hannah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Moreira","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Ross","middle_name":"","last_name":"McCormack","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Cecilia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sorensen","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York; Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, New York, New York","department":""},{"first_name":"Brandon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mallory","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2025-07-17T20:08:03.373000+02:00","date_accepted":"2025-10-28T20:16:44.099000+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-26T17:59:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/49038/galley/49045/download/"}]},{"pk":62209,"title":"Preface","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85h408dk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Goldstein","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Dieter","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gunkel","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Stephanie","middle_name":"W.","last_name":"Jamison","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"","country":"United States"},{"first_name":"Anthony","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Yates","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"","country":"United States"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":"2026-01-24T09:17:00+01:00","date_published":"2026-01-26T00:44:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/weciec/article/62209/galley/48045/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/weciec/article/62209/galley/48045/download/"}]}]}