{"count":39543,"next":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=30500","previous":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=30300","results":[{"pk":5267,"title":"Role of Opioid Receptors in Incentive Contrast","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A downshift from a more preferred to a less preferred incentive leads to a transient rejection of the lower incentive. This phenomenon, known as successive negative contrast (SNC), has been reported in studies with mammals, but not with fish, amphibians, or reptiles, all showing gradual adjustments to the new incentive conditions. It is assumed that an understanding of the brain systems involved in the onset of SNC in mammals will suggest likely brain areas for a comparative analysis in non mammalian vertebrates. Studies reviewed in this article show that opioid receptors are normally engaged during SNC, participate in the detection of the incentive downshift, play a role in SNC onset (delta receptors), and modulate recovery from SNC (kappa receptors). However, opioid receptors do not seem to be involved in the consolidation of the downshift memory. These results suggest a relationship between the evolution of the opioid system and the evolution of learning mechanisms involved in the adjustment to incentive downshifts in vertebrates.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"International Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"word":"Behavior"},{"word":"Behaviour"},{"word":"Communication"},{"word":"vocalization"},{"word":"learning"},{"word":"Behavioral Taxonomy"},{"word":"cognition"},{"word":"Cognitive Processes"},{"word":"Intelligence"},{"word":"Choice"},{"word":"Conditioning"},{"word":"Language"},{"word":"Opioids"},{"word":"Rat"},{"word":"Incentive contrast"},{"word":"Downshift"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zk5h8n2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mauricio","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Papini","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas Christian University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-11-20T12:16:45+09:00","date_accepted":"2013-11-20T12:16:45+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5267/galley/3146/download/"}]},{"pk":16928,"title":"Surgeons’ and Emergency Physicians’ Perceptions of Trauma Management and Training","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study objective was to determine whether surgeons and emergency medicine physicians (EMPs) have differing opinions on trauma residency training and trauma management in clinical practice.\n\n\nMethods: A survey was mailed to 250 EMPs and 250 surgeons randomly selected.\n\n\nResults: Fifty percent of surgeons perceived that surgery exclusively managed trauma compared to 27% of EMPs. Surgeons were more likely to feel that only surgeons should manage trauma on presentation to the ED. However, only 60% of surgeons currently felt comfortable with caring for the trauma patient, compared to 84% of EMPs. Compared to EMPs, surgeons are less likely to feel that EMPs can initially manage the trauma patient (71% of surgeons vs. 92% of EMPs).\n\n\nConclusion: EMPs are comfortable managing trauma while many surgeons do not feel comfortable with the complex trauma patient although the majority of surgeons responded that surgeons should manage the trauma.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:144-149.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Trauma"},{"word":"residency training"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"Surgery"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6072g3h3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Robin","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Hemphill","name_suffix":"","institution":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, TN","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sally","middle_name":"A","last_name":"Santen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, TN","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Benjamin","middle_name":"S","last_name":"Heavrin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, TN","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-11-17T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-11-17T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16928/galley/8569/download/"}]},{"pk":16894,"title":"Table of Contents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22z15579","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2009-08-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-08-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16894/galley/8556/download/"}]},{"pk":5266,"title":"The Roles of Endogenous Opioids in Fear Learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The endogenous opioid peptides and their receptors play important roles in Pavlovian fear conditioning in many species, including mice, rats, and humans. These roles are best viewed as regulating the conditions for fear learning by determining the actions of predictive error on association formation. Evidence will be reviewed showing such roles for opioid receptors in ventrolateral quadrant of the midbrain periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). These roles are shared across mammalian species because many of the effects of opioid receptor manipulations on fear learning first reported in rodents have now been documented in humans.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"International Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"word":"Behavior"},{"word":"Behaviour"},{"word":"Communication"},{"word":"vocalization"},{"word":"learning"},{"word":"Behavioral Taxonomy"},{"word":"cognition"},{"word":"Cognitive Processes"},{"word":"Intelligence"},{"word":"Choice"},{"word":"Conditioning"},{"word":"Language"},{"word":"Periaqueductal grey"},{"word":"Rat"},{"word":"Opioid"},{"word":"Pavlovian"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74d1s3z9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gavan","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"McNally","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of New South Wales","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-11-20T12:12:36+09:00","date_accepted":"2013-11-20T12:12:36+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5266/galley/3145/download/"}]},{"pk":16907,"title":"Unsuspected Pulmonary Embolism in Observation Unit Patients","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: Many emergency department (ED) patients with cardiopulmonary symptoms such as chest pain or dyspnea are placed in observation units but do not undergo specific diagnostic testing for pulmonary embolism (PE). The role of observation units in the diagnosis of PE has not been studied. We hypothesized that there was a small but significant rate of unsuspected PE in our observation unit population.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a retrospective chart review at an urban academic hospital of all ED patients with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of PE between January 2005 and July 2006. The number of such patients assigned to observation at any point in their stay was recorded, in addition to events leading to diagnosis and subsequent in-hospital outcomes.\n\n\nResults: Thirteen of the 190 ED patients diagnosed with PE were placed in the observation unit. Six of these either had a known recent diagnosis of PE or had testing for PE initiated prior to placement in the observation unit. Two of the remaining seven patients with undiagnosed PE were placed in observation for undifferentiated chest pain, accounting for 0.09% of the 2190 patients under the chest pain protocol. Twelve of 13 PE patients (92%) were admitted with an average stay of 4.3 days. Of the 13 patients, five were ultimately determined after admission to not have PE, leaving a rate of confirmed PE in the observation unit population of 0.12% (8/6182), with five of eight being classified as unsuspected prior to assignment to observation (0.08% rate).\n\n\nConclusion: We identified a small number of patients assigned to observation with unsuspected PE. The high rate of hospital admission and prolonged hospital stay suggests that patients with PE are inappropriate for observation status. Given the low incidence of unsuspected PE, there may be a need for a specific approach to screening for PE in observation unit patients.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:130-134.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"observation unit"},{"word":"pulmonary embolism"},{"word":"chest pain"},{"word":"Dyspnea"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1g09t6v4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"Limkakeng","name_suffix":"","institution":"Duke University Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Durham, NC","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Seth","middle_name":"W","last_name":"Glickman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Duke University Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"B","last_name":"Cairns","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Abhinav","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chandra","name_suffix":"","institution":"Duke University Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Durham, NC","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-07-17T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-07-17T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16907/galley/8561/download/"}]},{"pk":16971,"title":"Violent Hiccups: An Infrequent Cause of Bradyarrhythmias","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A hiccup, or singultus, results from a sudden, simultaneous, vigorous contraction of the diaphragm and inspiratory muscles, accompanied by closure of the glottis. Hiccups can be associated with bradyarrhythmias. The mechanism of this phenomenon is likely hiccup-induced Valsalva maneuver and increased parasympathetic tone. We present a case of a patient with violent hiccups producing a bradyarrhythmia.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:176-177.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"hiccups"},{"word":"bradyarrhythmia"},{"word":"Valsalva"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7913w14x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Suh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Orange CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Subramaniam","middle_name":"C","last_name":"Krishnan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Orange CA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-10-04T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-10-04T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16971/galley/8581/download/"}]},{"pk":16902,"title":"WestJEM Top Section Editors and Reviewers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8b33h567","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2009-08-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-08-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-08-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16902/galley/8560/download/"}]},{"pk":6930,"title":"A Field of Exciting and Diversified Opportunities: An Interview with Donna Brinton","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2652473x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Innhwa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Park","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6930/galley/4034/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6930/galley/4035/download/"}]},{"pk":6927,"title":"Brave New Digital Classroom: Technology and Foreign Language Learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qp5p574","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hye Ri","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kim","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6927/galley/4028/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6927/galley/4029/download/"}]},{"pk":6933,"title":"Editorial","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1hp251nx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bahiyyih","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Hardacre","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Andrea","middle_name":"","last_name":"Olinger","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-07-14T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-07-14T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6933/galley/4040/download/"}]},{"pk":6925,"title":"L2 Learners' Self-Appraisal of Motivational Changes Over Time","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study is an interview-based grounded theory investigation that explores the phenomenon of the changes in L2 motivation over time and across contexts. Two Taiwanese international students who studied at a higher educational institution in the U.S. were interviewed about their motivational orientations prior to and after the study abroad transition and about how their study abroad experience over one academic year subsequently shaped their L2 motivation. Data analysis of the two participants’ self appraisal of their L2 motivational changes indicated that the study abroad transition had a great impact on the development of the participants’ L2 motivational self system (Dörnyei, 2005, 2009). The participants’ L2 goals, attitudes toward the English-speaking community, and self concept changed as a result of their study abroad experience. Several interacting internal and external factors shaped and reshaped the changes in their L2 self images, and these changes varied intra-person and across individuals, depending upon the individual learner’s self-determination and action control associated with specific contextual challenges. Furthermore, the changes in the participants’ ideal L2 self as a competent English user appeared to be temporary, and long-term stability of the ideal self images was observed.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/490613hh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ching-Ni","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hsieh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Michigan State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6925/galley/4024/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6925/galley/4025/download/"}]},{"pk":6931,"title":"Really Learn 100 Phrasal Verbs & Really Learn 100 More Phrasal Verbs","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6118n355","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Myrna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Goldstein","name_suffix":"","institution":"Are You in Your English File?® Second Language Learning Research Center, Milan, Italy","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6931/galley/4036/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6931/galley/4037/download/"}]},{"pk":6932,"title":"Study Abroad and Second Language Use: Constructing the Self","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38q9d4wc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jing","middle_name":"","last_name":"Xia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Arizona State University, Arizona","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-05-25T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-05-25T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6932/galley/4038/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6932/galley/4039/download/"}]},{"pk":6929,"title":"The Effects of Video Media in English as a Second Language Listening Comprehension Tests","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The emergence of powerful computers in language testing permits the use of video media in second language computer assisted listening comprehension tests. Little research is available on what the effects of the video media are in listening comprehension test tasks. The present study examines two video formats (close-up view of the head of the lecturer, and full body view of the lecturer) and compares these to the audio-only format in a listening comprehension test setting. A simulated UCLA classroom lecture was videotaped and used, and one hundred and one students took the test. The aim of the research was to explore whether there were any performance differences when students took these tests in the different formats. The results of the present study show that the addition of the visual channel does not contribute to or take away from the performance in English as a second language listening comprehension test.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0c080191","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Zsuzsa","middle_name":"C","last_name":"Londe","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6929/galley/4032/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6929/galley/4033/download/"}]},{"pk":6928,"title":"The Word Weavers: Newshounds and Wordsmsiths","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1w07w4sf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Eun Young","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bae","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6928/galley/4030/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6928/galley/4031/download/"}]},{"pk":6926,"title":"What Linguists Need to Know About Child Care: Access, Service, and Ethics in Community-Based Research","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to draw the attention of language researchers to the potential value of conducting research from a position within a child care program in a community of interest and to the ways in which this degree of subordination might mitigate inequalities of power between researcher and researched. Child care centers are community hubs of rich and complex interactions of interest to field linguists, and linguists have skills which can benefit child care programs. Characteristics of child care programs are described in relation to linguistic interests, program and community interests, and potential roles for researchers within a center or program. The suggestion is made that linguistics graduate programs might encourage students to take courses in child development and early childhood education to enhance logistical resources for new community-based field researchers.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Applied Linguistics"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nv356w8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burns","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2010-04-27T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6926/galley/4026/download/"},{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ial/article/6926/galley/4027/download/"}]},{"pk":3951,"title":"Rituals Related to Animal Cults","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Two kinds of cult animal existed in ancient Egypt: specific faunal representatives of a given deity that lived in a temple and were ceremonially interred, and creatures killed and mummified to act as votive offerings. The former are attested from the earliest times, while the latter date from the Late Period and later.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"ritual"},{"word":"animal cult"},{"word":"kingship"},{"word":"popular religion"},{"word":"catacombs"},{"word":"votive"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"},{"word":"Religion/Religious Studies"}],"section":"Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wk541n0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aidan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dodson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Bristol","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-09-05T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-09-05T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-16T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3951/galley/2527/download/"}]},{"pk":34910,"title":"A Kharia-English Lexicon [HL Archive 5]","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Kharia is a South Munda language spoken primarily in the southwestern districts of the state of Jharkhand in central eastern India, as well as in the adjacent districts in eastern Chattisgarh and northwestern Orissa. It is also spoken in Assam, Tripura, West Bengal, Nepal and elsewhere. Its closest relative is Juang, spoken in Orissa. Kharia is the only South Munda language spoken in Jharkhand and is also the only South Munda language spoken in the direct vicinity of the North Munda languages, most notably Mundari, which is spoken in many of the same villages as Kharia in the more southerly Kharia-speaking areas, as well as the North Dravidian language Kurux, found more to the north.\n \nThe present study is a revision of the second volume of my Habilitationsschrift or “professorial dissertation” which was submitted at the University of Osnabrück in 2006 (Peterson, 2006). Volume I of that three-volume study was an extensive grammar, which is currently being reviewed (in revised form) for publication, while Volume III consisted of a collection of texts, glossed, annotated and translated into English.\n \nThis Kharia-English lexicon contains all of the morphemes found in the texts in Volume III of that study as well as many which occurred in conversations with native speakers. In addition, it contains all of the morphemes found in the texts in Pinnow (1965a; b), in the first half of the texts in Kerkeʈʈā (1990), as well as in the Kharia-English lexicon in Biligiri (1965). There are also a few entries from Roy & Roy (1937) and Malhotra (1982).","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Kharia"},{"word":"South Munda"},{"word":"lexicon"}],"section":"Archives","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4566c4bw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Peterson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universität Leipzig","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-29T07:02:51+09:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-29T07:02:51+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-15T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/34910/galley/26027/download/"}]},{"pk":34908,"title":"Koyi Rai: An Initial Grammatical Sketch [HL Archive 4]","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Koyi Rai is a previously undescribed language of the Kiranti group of the Himalayan branch of Tibeto-Burman. Koyi, also referred to by speakers as Koyu or Kohi, is spoken in the Khotang district in Eastern Nepal, near the headwaters of the Rawa Khola, in the villages of Sungdel and, to a lesser extent, Dipsung. There are also some speakers in the villages of Lethang and Bharauli in the Tarai. My work was carried out in the Kathmandu Valley, political conditions at the time (2004) not being well-suited to fieldwork in the villages. There are said to be 2~3000 speakers.\n \nAccording to van Driem (2001: 711), the homeland of the Koyi is the Upper Dudh Kosi area, along with Khaling and Dumi, and the languages share a subgrouping: “Kohi [sic], Dumi and Khaling show shared phonological innovations ...”. Koyi appears to be quite distinct from Dumi, despite rumors of mutual intelligibility (van Driem 2001: 711). There are a number of lexical similarities between the two languages (despite rather different phonological inventories), but many morphological markers are different. Michailovsky’s (MS c) initial reconstruction work on the Kiranti languages suggests that the same sound change which distinguishes Thulung from other Western and Central Kiranti languages is also found in Koyi. This sound change is *p > b, and is found in only these two languages among those which are geographically close, the reflex in Hayu, Bahing, Sunwar, Dumi and Khaling being p. The following set exemplifies the initial b in Thulung and Koyi: ‘flower’ Hayu\n puŋmi\n, Bahing\n p\nh\nuŋ\n, Sunwar \np\nh\nu:\n, Dumi \npuma\n, Khaling \npungme\n, but Thulung \nbuŋma\n and Koyi \nbuwa\n.\n \nClearly, Kiranti subgrouping and the position of Koyi remain to be clarified.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Koyi Rai, Tibeto-Burman, Kiranti, Grammatical Sketch"}],"section":"Archives","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5v01m1v6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aimée","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lahoussois","name_suffix":"","institution":"LACITO-CNRS, Villejuif, France","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-08-29T06:51:26+09:00","date_accepted":"2014-08-29T06:51:26+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-15T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/34908/galley/26025/download/"}]},{"pk":43396,"title":"“All for the sake of Freedom”: Hannah Arendt’s Democratic Dissent, Trauma, and American Citizenship","subtitle":null,"abstract":"As an intellectual Jewish immigrant, Hannah Arendt’s work is informed by two key factors: the failures of German intellectuals regarding the rise of fascism and the promise of American democracy. Arendt was haunted by the past and the memories of how the democratic structures of the Weimar Republic had been undermined, manipulated, and finally transformed into a totalitarian terror regime. The issues of freedom, equality, and the shortcomings of democratic societies form a transcultural nexus in her oeuvre. This reading of Arendt will reveal how her efforts to deal with a transatlantic traumatic past shaped the felt need to voice democratic dissent in the United States. While much has been said about her theoretical groundwork on the mechanisms of totalitarian systems, Arendt’s living conditions as a naturalized foreigner, her enthusiasm for American democracy, and her refusal to return to Germany have been largely neglected. Arendt is usually rooted firmly in a European philosophical context. She has been canonized as one of the foremost philosophical thinkers from Germany on the emergence of totalitarian systems and the Holocaust. This transatlantic force field looms large over the second half of the twentieth century in the realm of culture and politics. Among her fellow intellectual émigrés and exiles such as Adorno, Horkheimer, Marcuse, or Fraenkel, Arendt stands out. She decided not to return to the new democratic Germany with its Grundgesetz fashioned along the lines of the American Constitution. Instead, she insisted on becoming naturalized and used her transnational background as a basis to address democratic gaps from the vantage point of an American citizen. First, Mehring shows in which ways Arendt identified herself as an American and wished to become recognized as an American citizen. Second, he reconnects Arendt’s democratic dissent with her efforts to become recognized as an American citizen.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Hannah Arendt"},{"word":"Democratic Theory"},{"word":"Transatlantic Traumas"},{"word":"citizenship"},{"word":"Patriotic Dissent"},{"word":"recognition"},{"word":"American Studies"},{"word":"Cultural Studies"},{"word":"German Literature"},{"word":"philosophy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j88q162","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Frank","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mehring","name_suffix":"","institution":"John F. Kennedy Institute, Free University of Berlin","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-07-05T21:13:57+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-07-05T21:13:57+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-05T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43396/galley/32309/download/"}]},{"pk":3961,"title":"Queen","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The queens of ancient Egypt (i.e., the kings’ wives and kings’ mothers) were distinguished by a set of specific titles and insignia that characterized them as the earthly embodiment of the divine feminine principle. By ensuring the continued renewal of kingship, they played an important role in the ideology of kingship. As the highest-ranking female members of the royal household, queens occupied a central position at court, as well. However, only in individual cases did they hold substantial political power.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Royal Family"},{"word":"Harem"},{"word":"Court"},{"word":"Ruling House"},{"word":"Succession to the Throne"},{"word":"Ideology of Kingship"},{"word":"Consort"},{"word":"Royal Wife"},{"word":"Archaeological Anthropology"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"}],"section":"Individual and Society","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3416c82m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Silke","middle_name":"","last_name":"Roth","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-12-05T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-12-05T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-07-03T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3961/galley/2537/download/"}]},{"pk":41603,"title":"A new immigrant mustelid (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the middle Miocene Temblor Formation of central California","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A new mustelid genus from the Barstovian (middle Miocene) marine Temblor Formation in California is described. The material of \nLegionarictis fortidens\n includes an incomplete cranium with partial upper dentition. The straight lingual border and slightly expanded posterointernal cingulum of M1 are plesiomorphic traits, as in the European \nDehmictis\n. However, the M1 is not as posteriorly expanded, and the P4 does not have a lingual hypoconal crest, differentiating \nL. fortidens\n from younger North American forms. Furthermore, the P4 protocone is posteriorly placed from the parastyle crest, as in the extant South American \nEira\n. An autapomorphic feature of \nL. fortidens\n is its highly hypertrophied P4 paracone with a bulbous crown. The robust upper carnassial, very strong development of the sagittal crest, and derived enamel microstructure all suggest a hard food component in its diet. The coastal depositional environment indicated by the presence of marine taxa in the Temblor Formation suggests that hard shelled invertebrates might have been a food source of \nL. fortidens\n.\n \nA combination of plesiomorphic and derived dental characteristics puts the new form at an evolutionary stage basal to otters and closer to the living \nEira\n. Cladistic analysis of craniodental characters suggests that \nL. fortidens\n is more derived than generalized basal mustelines of the Old World, and may have diverged from the lutrine lineage in a separate immigration event to the New World.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Mustelid"},{"word":"Temblor Formation"},{"word":"Miocene"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gj4j3z2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Zhijie","middle_name":"Jack","last_name":"Tseng","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California and Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Xiaoming","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","department":"None"},{"first_name":"J.","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Stewart","name_suffix":"","institution":"Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-03-19T05:56:03+09:00","date_accepted":"2014-03-19T05:56:03+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-22T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41603/galley/31145/download/"}]},{"pk":41604,"title":"New record of an extinct fish, \nFisherichthys folmeri\n Weems (Osteichthyes), from the lower Eocene of Berkeley County, South Carolina, USA","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Fisherichthys folmeri\n Weems 1999 (Sciaenidae?) is an extinct teleostean fish occurring in marine strata of the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains, USA. We report isolated teeth collected from a lower Eocene (Ypresian) deposit in Berkeley County, South Carolina. Crowns of unworn teeth bear apical papillae surrounding a central depression, but these features are lost as teeth are worn through \nin vivo\n usage. The pulp cavity appears to become reduced in size as the tooth matures in the alveolus. \nFisherichthys folmeri\n is thus far only known from Mississippi, South Carolina, and Virginia in strata ranging in age from 50.8 to 55 Ma.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"teleost"},{"word":"eocene"},{"word":"Osteichthyes"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8094p086","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Cicimurri","name_suffix":"","institution":"Clemson University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Knight","name_suffix":"","institution":"South Carolina State Museum","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-03-19T06:26:45+09:00","date_accepted":"2014-03-19T06:26:45+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-22T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41604/galley/31146/download/"}]},{"pk":41602,"title":"Pleistocene lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave, Nevada","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Faunal data from Cathedral Cave, Nevada, provide insight into biotic changes that occurred within the Great Basin prior to the latest Pleistocene. Taxonomic identifications of lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave were made using a morphological approach intended to minimize geographic and temporal assumptions. Although this approach to identification is conservative, the resultant data set is appropriate for inclusion in future analyses of regional biotic change. Lagomorphs recovered from the site include new regional records of two extinct taxa, \nAztlanolagus agilis\n and \nBrachylagus\n \ncoloradoensis\n. Other lagomorphs from Cathedral Cave include \nBrachylagus\n \nidahoensis\n, \nOchotona\n sp., and \nSylvilagus\n or \nLepus\n sp. The presence of a posterorinternal reentrant fold on the p3 of some specimens of \nOchotona\n sp. suggests that the range of variation present in the individual teeth of pikas needs to be described in further detail. In contrast to a previously established hypothesis of increasing enamel complexity in the p4 of \nAztlanolagus\n \nagilis\n, evaluation of crenulation patterns of \nAztlanolagus agilis\n from Cathedral Cave showed no distinct trends.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Pleistocene"},{"word":"lagomorphs"},{"word":"Cathedral Cave"},{"word":"Nevada"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rx7v4bt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"N.","last_name":"Jass","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Texas at Austin","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-03-19T05:49:36+09:00","date_accepted":"2014-03-19T05:49:36+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-22T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41602/galley/31144/download/"}]},{"pk":41605,"title":"The earliest North American record of the Antilocapridae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Family Antilocapridae is considered to have first appeared in the Early Hemingfordian of western North America. Here we report a mandible of a merycodontine antilocaprid from the Late Arikareean Harrison Formation of eastern Wyoming. The mandible has three lower molars preserved and mandibular ramus features that allow it to be differentiated from other contemporaneous selenodont artiodactyl families, yet the lack of detailed understanding of intraspecific variation in \nParacosoryx\n and \nMerycodus\n warrant caution in assigning this to a genus. This new material predates the previous first appearance of antilocaprids by approximately 3–4 million years and suggests that antilocaprid immigration from Eurasian ruminant stock occurred earlier than previously assumed and that caution should be exercised when using first appearances in broader analyses.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Antilocaprid"},{"word":"Artiodactyl"},{"word":"Harrison Formation"},{"word":"Wyoming"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6z85917c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Beatty","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York College of Osteopathic Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Larry","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Martin","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kansas Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2014-03-19T06:31:01+09:00","date_accepted":"2014-03-19T06:31:01+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-22T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41605/galley/31147/download/"}]},{"pk":6320,"title":"China's Global Oil Strategy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"China’s rapid rate of economic growth in the last few decades has increased its appetite for energy resources far beyond its production capability. China is now the world’s second-largest consumer of oil. To satisfy this need, Beijing has pursued an aggressive ‘going out’ policy to secure oil resources in every market it can. The resulting webs of interdependence have influenced China’s foreign policy, as it now finds itself bound to political, economic and security situations around the globe. This paper looks at how China has developed its oil strategy and what impact the search for oil has had on its foreign policy. By focusing on three case studies—Sudan, Iran and Venezuela—the paper evaluates different formulations of Chinese oil strategy, and examines possible inferences about the future implications of this strategy.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"China"},{"word":"Oil"},{"word":"Iran"},{"word":"Venezuela"},{"word":"Sudan"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18c5s4vw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bryan","middle_name":"G","last_name":"Thomas","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-02-17T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-02-17T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-06T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6320/galley/3770/download/"}]},{"pk":6319,"title":"Combating the Privatization of Life in a Neo-Liberal Regime:  The Fight for Water Democracies in India","subtitle":null,"abstract":"“Natural” water scarcity is often touted by international banks and trade organizations as a justification for the wholesale privatization of common water supplies and urban water infrastructure, giving powerful multinational corporations ownership over the most precious precondition for Life.  Through participatory research, fieldwork, and a critical anthropological lens, this paper examines two struggles against water privatization in South India: the fight for water rights in the village of Plachimada against the exploitation and pollution of water by the Coca-Cola company, and the fight against privatization of the municipal water supply in the “Silicon Valley” of India – Bangalore - which would effectively cut off free access to drinking water for the city’s massive population of urban slum dwellers.  I seek to deconstruct the notion of water crises as a “natural” phenomenon by showing how British colonial practices and the modern Indian State have created water scarcity by systematically destroying indigenous water harvesting technologies that have long created ecological abundance in village India and by usurping control and the ownership of water.  With the recognition that water scarcity, ecological destruction, and accompanying poverty are man-made phenomena, I explore the inverse by arguing that human design systems can instead create local ecological abundance and economic self-sufficient communities.  And it all starts with water: Earth’s most precious free gift to Life.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"water privatization"},{"word":"ecological democracy"},{"word":"water democracy"},{"word":"rainwater harvesting"},{"word":"Coca-Cola"},{"word":"permaculture"},{"word":"ecological design"},{"word":"water crisis"},{"word":"groundwater exploitation"},{"word":"post-colonialism"},{"word":"emancipatory anthropology"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d73n733","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gavin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Raders","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-03T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-03T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-06T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6319/galley/3769/download/"}]},{"pk":6321,"title":"ICE Raids: Compounding Production, Contradiction, and Capitalism","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Taking into consideration recent Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) workplace raids, this project argues that American and Mexican factory workers’ subjectivities are constructed within factory walls and (re)produced in the process of ICE raids. Works by gender theorists Leslie Salzinger, Donna Haraway, and Gloria Anzaldúa serve as a critical lens from which to analyze how changing legal, economic, and political notions of the nation and its citizens reconstruct laborers' rights and bodies. By tracing back economic and immigration policies such as NAFTA and Homeland Security developments, workers’ subjectivities are situated within the larger context of expanding neoliberal economic institutions. The paper culminates in the argument that the current construction of non-citizen workers in the United States is both potentially constraining and enabling. Though workers are held complacent by their vulnerability and ambiguity, their contradictory positions also offer spaces of resistance from which to understand, act upon, and subvert their present condition.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"labor"},{"word":"citizenship"},{"word":"Globalization"},{"word":"subjectivity"},{"word":"cyborg"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rx3r2gp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"I","last_name":"Reas","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-02-18T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-02-18T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-06T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6321/galley/3771/download/"}]},{"pk":6318,"title":"The Future of Network Neutrality","subtitle":null,"abstract":"On November 1, 2007, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was asked to evaluate whether Comcast, an Internet Service Provider (ISP), was violating principles of network neutrality, a Darwinian theory of Internet innovation that makes ISPs treat all Internet traffic the same. Because this FCC case acted as the front lines for the battle over network neutrality, the FCC’s final ruling a year later can give us a good idea about what the future holds for network neutrality in the United States. This paper examines the basic workings of the Internet, theories of innovation the Internet was built upon, levels of potential neutrality regulation and, finally, an analysis of the FCC’s ruling. This paper argues that while the FCC did not designate a clear long-term future for network neutrality, President Barack Obama’s strong stated support of network neutrality bodes well for a stronger FCC commitment to its preservation.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Network Neutrality"},{"word":"internet"},{"word":"Broadband Regulation"},{"word":"FCC"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5k28n8dn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mikhail","middle_name":"","last_name":"Guttentag","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-02-24T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-02-24T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-06T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6318/galley/3768/download/"}]},{"pk":6322,"title":"The Social Reintegration of Women: Reconstructing Womanhood and Moving Past Post-Conflict in Sierra Leone","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Because post-conflict contexts are highly complex, the ways in which women both fit within accepted modern discourses of development and maneuver through more traditional systems of development and reconstruction are not fully understood. In Sierra Leone this dynamic is particularly true because of the small size of the population and the extended length of the conflict. Since the end of the civil war in 2002, transnational interventions have been highlighted as having successful programs that have been key in increasing stability in the country. Using the framework of women’s reintegration successes, this research aims to show that much of the stability in the country can also be attributed to linkages between past socio-cultural and political practices and institutions.  This research shows that these linkages are spaces of strategic manipulation which women use to increase their economic and social standing. I argue that these manipulations between discourses and practices of the past, the present, and the proposed future have contributed to new ways of identity formation for women in Sierra Leone. Explorations in secondary data and theory pertaining to gendered social transformation in post-conflict settings are further informed by two months of intensive fieldwork using ethnographic research methods of participant observation and informal interviews in Sierra Leone in the summer of 2008.","language":"en","license":{"name":"All rights reserved","short_name":"Copyright","text":"© the author(s). All rights reserved.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors"},"keywords":[{"word":"Sierra Leone"},{"word":"identity formation"},{"word":"post-conflict"},{"word":"development"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2j70h8bb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Evarosa","middle_name":"Thalia","last_name":"Holt-Rusmore","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-02-24T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-02-24T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-06T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/6322/galley/3772/download/"}]},{"pk":3080,"title":"Critical Race Theory, Asian Americans, and Higher Education: A Review of Research","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In this review, the author incorporates her own personal narrative into the discussion as a way of enriching and contextualizing the intersection of critical race theory, Asian Americans, and higher education. From the issues explored in this paper, two key themes emerged: 1) Asian Americans should not be considered as one monolithic group, but rather their educational experiences and outcomes should be disaggregated and 2) issues of race and racism, particularly as it challenges the model minority stereotype, should be addressed openly.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Critical Race Theory"},{"word":"Asian Americans"},{"word":"model minority"},{"word":"AsianCrit"},{"word":"critical consciousness"},{"word":"Higher education"}],"section":"Literature Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98h4n45j","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amy","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-08-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-08-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3080/galley/1873/download/"}]},{"pk":3079,"title":"Deliberative Barbarians: Reconciling the Civic and the Agonistic in Democratic Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The history of civics education in the United States suggests a somewhat adversarial relationship between schools and parents.  We view the relationship as an evolving and strained social contract; unresolved is the scope of school influence in relation to that of parents.  A high school teacher’s decision to open up a classroom for discussion on contested issues can roust resentful parents, many of whom view such activity as indoctrination.  Given this sociopolitical backdrop, we propose a framework for curricular reform in which agonistic expression is tempered by the active involvement of parents in family political communication.  We explicate a contingent model of deliberative learning, whereby political exchanges in one context contribute to exchanges in another context.  With the student as conduit, interpersonal political communication flows back and forth between the classroom and the living room.  We apply the model to research on Kids Voting USA curricula to illustrate the heuristic value of contingent learning.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"agonism"},{"word":"Civic Education"},{"word":"deliberation"},{"word":"democratic education"},{"word":"family communication patterns"},{"word":"political discussion"},{"word":"political socialization"},{"word":"school climate"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8qh731nz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"McDevitt","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Colorado at Boulder","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mary","middle_name":"S","last_name":"Caton-Rosser","name_suffix":"","institution":"Black Hills State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-03-20T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-03-20T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3079/galley/1872/download/"}]},{"pk":3973,"title":"Democratization of the Afterlife","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Egyptian religion is characterized by a remarkable degree of continuity, but changes did nevertheless occur in the religious sphere from time to time. One often-cited instance of such a change is the so-called democratization or demotization of the afterlife in the First Intermediate Period. This study examines the evidence for the development in question, concluding that no such change actually took place, albeit not for the reasons advanced by others who have arrived at the same conclusion previously. Based on the results obtained in the examination of this particular problem, a number of general points are then made about the methodology to be employed in the study of religious change in ancient Egypt as a whole.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"religious change"},{"word":"demotization of the afterlife"},{"word":"funerary practices"},{"word":"mortuary cult"},{"word":"Coffin Texts"},{"word":"Pyramid Texts"},{"word":"First Intermediate Period"},{"word":"elite"},{"word":"Archaeological Anthropology"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"},{"word":"Religion/Religious Studies"},{"word":"Social and Cultural Anthropology"}],"section":"Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70g428wj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mark","middle_name":"","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-09-23T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-09-23T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3973/galley/2549/download/"}]},{"pk":3075,"title":"Editors' Note","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Editor's Note","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mx8n7dw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Paula","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Carbone","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Collins","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Keilty","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-06-02T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-06-02T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3075/galley/1868/download/"}]},{"pk":3077,"title":"Narrative Inquiry as a Decolonising  Methodology","subtitle":null,"abstract":"As a distinct form of qualitative research, narrative can be used as a method of inquiry in order to examine past experiences and decolonise minds regarding the “still persistent colonial mission” (Willinsky in Abdi & Richardson, 2008, p. viii). Narrative acts as a lens through which we see anew – it is a means to explore unfamiliar sociohistorical context. A significant characteristic of narrative is that it can allow for new meanings and diverse ways of knowing to emerge. In this paper, I highlight how I use narrative as a decolonising methodology in which, according to Edward Said (1978), indigenous people are responsible to provide their narratives to counter the perspective of outsiders.  In particular, I include Arab Muslim women’s narratives that counter Orientalist perceptions of Muslim women as passive victims of their faith.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"narrative"},{"word":"decolonising  methodology"},{"word":"Indigenous Research"},{"word":"Muslim women"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mt5893k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amani","middle_name":"K","last_name":"Hamdan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ottawa University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-12-22T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-12-22T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3077/galley/1870/download/"}]},{"pk":3084,"title":"Review: Cuba’s Academic Advantage","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Cuba"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zp6k225","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lucas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Arribas Layton","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-04-25T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-04-25T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3084/galley/1877/download/"}]},{"pk":3085,"title":"Review: Personal Archives and a New Archival Calling: Readings, Reflections, and Ruminations","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Archives"},{"word":"records"},{"word":"personal"},{"word":"family"},{"word":"documents"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9w177143","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kim","middle_name":"","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-11T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-11T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3085/galley/1878/download/"}]},{"pk":3083,"title":"Review: Power, Politics, and Higher Education in Southern Africa: International Regimes, Local Governments, and Educational Autonomy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Higher education"},{"word":"Africa"},{"word":"international donors"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tn7c34f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kim","middle_name":"","last_name":"Foulds","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-11-06T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-11-06T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3083/galley/1876/download/"}]},{"pk":3081,"title":"Review: Responsible Librarianship: Library Policies for Unreliable Systems by David Bade","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kd1n37s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wartenbe","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3081/galley/1874/download/"}]},{"pk":3082,"title":"Review: The Diversity Challenge: Social Identity and Intergroup Relations on the College Campus","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Race"},{"word":"Diversity"},{"word":"assimilation"}],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3c5303f2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Collins","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-05-14T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-05-14T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3082/galley/1875/download/"}]},{"pk":3078,"title":"Self and Society in Youth Organizing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study uses portraiture methodology to reconsider the relationship between one Latina youth activist-researcher-educator and one after-school community based youth organizing program as one attempt to address the problem of educational access, civic engagement and democratic knowledge production for urban youth. The issue of self and society arose from the yearlong collection of data. The analysis examines the ways the individual and the youth organizing institution can be reconsidered from four different vantage points—one side, interaction, mutual constitution, and political positions—on self and society. By examining the relationship between self and a social institution researchers and practitioners can reconsider the issues of civic engagement, knowledge production and educational access and equity in youth organizing.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Action Research"},{"word":"youth organizing"},{"word":"youth lead research"},{"word":"Dewey"},{"word":"Marx"},{"word":"resistance theory"},{"word":"positive youth development theory"},{"word":"civic engagement"},{"word":"socio-cultural theory. social change. Latino/as"},{"word":"Undocumented Students"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9089g8s5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jenifer","middle_name":"A","last_name":"Crawford","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-11-05T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-11-05T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3078/galley/1871/download/"}]},{"pk":3076,"title":"The Future of YouTube: Critical Reflections on YouTube Users’ Discussion over Its Future","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how the sociopolitical and educational potentials of YouTube have been exercised by analyzing users’ discussion practices by posting videos. Compared to literature that deals with the Internet’s sociopolitical impact, I argue that YouTube has played a key role in implementing the democratization of media spectacles. Different forms of Internet use are discussed with regard to YouTube’s contributions. First of all, the discursive practices of YouTube validate Habermas’s notion of the public sphere by suggesting video communication as a new perspective of participatory democracy. Creating community is another key notion that users consider to be the future of YouTube; users believe it facilitates interactive and creative communication among different cultures, races, and societies. However, there is little consideration of how individuals make critical use of YouTube as a means for sociopolitical engagement. Analyzing the users’ arguments in their video responses, this paper examines the strengths, as well as the limitations, of discourses on the future of YouTube, and reconsiders its sociopolitical potential. It ultimately indicates the necessity of critical pedagogic interventions to make full use of YouTube.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"forms of Internet uses"},{"word":"democratization of media spectacles"},{"word":"participatory democracy"},{"word":"sociopolitical potential of YouTube"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tn362r2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gooyong","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kim","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-08-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-08-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-04T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/gseis_interactions/article/3076/galley/1869/download/"}]},{"pk":3974,"title":"Votive Practices","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The ancient Egyptian practice of dedicating small objects to deities as a means of establishing a lasting, personal relationship between deity and donor is well known. The dedication of votive objects in sacred areas such as temples, shrines, and cemeteries was an optional practice for which there is sporadic archaeological evidence. Large deposits of Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom votive offerings have been recovered from numerous sites throughout Egypt. There is no clear Middle Kingdom evidence that people were allowed to dedicate votive offerings in state-run temples, but the practice seems to have remained part of popular religion and is most visible in funerary contexts. During the New Kingdom, it became permissible for individuals to set up stelae or leave small votive objects in the outer areas of state temples or in special shrines. Most of the small votive offerings were made to Hathor, or related goddesses. In the Late and Ptolemaic Periods many stelae, ritual objects, and figures of deities were dedicated in sacred areas, often in relation to animal cults. The majority of votive objects seem to have been made in temple workshops for cult purposes. Most of the offerings fall into three main categories: representations of deities, objects used in the temple cult, or objects associated with human fertility. Both women and men dedicated votive objects to reinforce prayers or to perpetuate their involvement in a divine cult. It is rarely possible to be certain exactly why a particular object was offered or where it was originally displayed. Old votive objects remained sacred and were buried or dumped within temple precincts.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"personal piety"},{"word":"popular religion"},{"word":"domestic religion"},{"word":"family religion"},{"word":"fertility"},{"word":"prayer"},{"word":"magic"},{"word":"protection"},{"word":"Women"},{"word":"Children"},{"word":"Archaeological Anthropology"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"},{"word":"Religion/Religious Studies"}],"section":"Religion","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kp4n7rk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Geraldine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pinch","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Waraksa","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-05-18T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-05-18T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-03T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3974/galley/2550/download/"}]},{"pk":3420,"title":"All Urban Problems now Problem Spaces","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The International Association of Urban Intellectuals, meeting this week for their 112'h global symposium at the Walter Benjamin Conference Center in Paris, announced that forthwith all problems associated with urbanization and metropolitan living would be converted to problem spaces. The change will go into effect on January 1\", leading some to specl}late about the challenges faced by cities and their residents in anticipation of the conversion. Discursive shifts of this sort, while not unprecedented, often come with significant epistemological and pecuniary costs, including altering one's outlook on daily urban living and buying lots of new books.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"satire"}],"section":"Urban Fringe","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m37t7fv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alex","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schafran","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:50:33+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:50:33+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3420/galley/2178/download/"}]},{"pk":3417,"title":"Beyond the Bake Sale: The Essential Guide to Family·S(hool Partnerships by Anne T. Henderson, Karen L. Mapp, Vivian R. Johnson, and Don Davies","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, we have witnessed a steadily growing interest in schools on the part of planners. In the 1930s, school districts were separated from City governments in order to shield public education from patronage hiring and the ups and downs of dty finances. While well­ intentioned, the separation has not been entirely benefidal for schools or cities. Recognizing the problems created through isolated decision making, schools and cities have started working together on some issues, namely transportation and fadlity locations. But coordinated work on other issues, such as community development, social service provision, and affordable family housing. is much less common. I had hoped this book might provide examples and recommendations for planners interested in partnering with schools on issues beyond transportation and land use.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w75c6xt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carrie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Makarewicz","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:41:55+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:41:55+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3417/galley/2175/download/"}]},{"pk":3411,"title":"Capacity","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A collection of poems.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Editorial Notes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x06g81d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jolie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kaytes","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:26:11+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:26:11+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3411/galley/2169/download/"}]},{"pk":3419,"title":"DCRP Class of 2009","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Recent Doctoral Dissertations, Master's Theses, Professional, and Client Reports","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"DCRP News","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9kq0m35k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"BPJ","middle_name":"","last_name":"Editor","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:44:56+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:44:56+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3419/galley/2177/download/"}]},{"pk":3412,"title":"Editor's Note: Putting the Pieces Together","subtitle":null,"abstract":"When we put together the call for Volume 22 of the Berkeley Planning foumal: Tlte City as a Problem Space, we knew full well that we were casting a somewhat amorphous, and at least for the BPf, unconventional net. We did not have a specific set of ideal submissions in mind, no checklist for writing style or methodology. Ours was a purposefully broad call, one that would put emphasis on good writing, research focus and provocative inquiries in an avenue for creative and erudite writing about planning and urbanism.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Editorial Notes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09p58381","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hector","middle_name":"Fernando","last_name":"Burga","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Alex","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schafran","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:32:49+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:32:49+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3412/galley/2170/download/"}]},{"pk":3418,"title":"Kaye Bock Student Paper Award","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Kaye Bock Student Paper Award is given to the author of the paper that is both an outstanding example of scholarship and exemplifies Kaye's commitment to underrepresented issues or peoples. The award in named in loving memory of Kaye Bock to honor her unbounded concern for and commitment to graduate students in the Department of City and Regional Planning. It is also intended as an expression of gratitude from the Berkeley Planning Joumal to Kaye for her critical and caring support of the journal during our first two decades of publication. The winner is chosen by the editorial board of each volume of the Berkeley Plarming Journal. The Kaye Bock Student Award Paper Award is accompanied by a $250 cash gift.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"DCRP News","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wb4g8rb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"BPJ","middle_name":"","last_name":"Editor","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:43:25+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:43:25+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3418/galley/2176/download/"}]},{"pk":3415,"title":"Landscape and Race in the United States by Richard H. Schein","subtitle":null,"abstract":"\"All American landscapes are radalized\", claims Richard Schein, editor of a new collection on race and landscapes in the United States (4). Schein's provocative claim and the larger goal of this work is to challenge the common geographical readings of landscape as a reflection of cultural processes, rather than as a political and soda! project whereby landscapes come to reinforce radalized systems of power, hierarchy, and control. Its larger ambition is to develop critical discourse and interdisciplinary scholarship on radalized landscapes and radalization asaprocessoccurringinandthroughlandscapes. Itproposesonlytobe a starting point for such research, rather than a definitive collection.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t32q785","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Willow","middle_name":"Lung","last_name":"Aman","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:38:50+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:38:50+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3415/galley/2173/download/"}]},{"pk":3416,"title":"The City as Suburb: A History of Northeast Baltimore Since 1660, Updated Edition by Eric L. Holcomb","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Eric Holcomb is a planner who specializes in historic preservation in Baltimore, and his love for and expertise in his discipline shine in this difficult-to-categorize work. Divided into three parts, the book looks at Northeast Baltimore before there was a place called Baltimore, the middle period during which the area was tied to yet separate from the city, and the modern era, when Northeast Baltimore is part of the city itself.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1073x10z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lisa","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Felstein","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:40:25+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:40:25+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3416/galley/2174/download/"}]},{"pk":3414,"title":"The Evolving Arab City: Tradition, Modernity and Urban Development By Vasser Elshestawy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This edited collection, a sequel to Elsheshtawy's Planning Middle Eastem Cities: An Urban Kaleidoscope in a Globalizing World, is a timely and original addition to the (critically lacking) literature on contemporary Arab cities and urbanism. In particular, the contributing authors attempt to link discussions on the development of these cities with the global city discourse, tying in a variety of perspectives-sociological, political, architectural, historical and more.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Book Reviews","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6k48z609","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alamira","middle_name":"Reem Bani","last_name":"Hashim","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:37:15+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:37:15+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3414/galley/2172/download/"}]},{"pk":3413,"title":"Vancouverism: Actualizing the Livable City Paradox","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article provides a cautionary tale about the progressive tendency to construct and improve upon livable cities. By showing how Vancouverism has actualized the livable city paradox - one part rural romance of living close to nature, and one part urban romance of diversity and complexity - it is able to draw out some of the pernicious implications of doing so. There are no ready solutions to the complex scenes that are sketched, but we can get a better sense for how to respond appropriately within and to these scenes, by looking backwards rather than ahead.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08x3z9d4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Serena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kataoka","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Victoria","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2012-06-02T04:34:55+09:00","date_accepted":"2012-06-02T04:34:55+09:00","date_published":"2009-06-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucb_crp_bpj/article/3413/galley/2171/download/"}]},{"pk":56819,"title":"\"Amina\" by Mohammed Umar - A Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"African Literature"},{"word":"Social Movements"},{"word":"Islam"},{"word":"nigeria"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0bb3z054","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Emad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mirmotahari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tulane University of Louisiana","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56819/galley/43120/download/"}]},{"pk":56820,"title":"Book Review: Politics, Power, and Higher Education in Southern Africa (by José Cossa)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Africa"},{"word":"Higher education"},{"word":"Globalization"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0jv1h9pg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jevdet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rexhepi","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2009-02-24T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-02-24T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56820/galley/43121/download/"}]},{"pk":56814,"title":"Bursting at the Seams: Water Access and Housing in Luanda","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper looks at access to clean water and formal housing in Luanda beginning in the colonial era and ending in the modern era. The city's intended size and service provision will be examined in its historical context and compared to the population Luanda is able to support now.  Opportunities and challenges for the future of water access and housing provision are examined.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Angola"},{"word":"Water"},{"word":"housing"},{"word":"Urban planning"},{"word":"Portuguese colonialism"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21s037h0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Bulfin","name_suffix":"","institution":"UCLA","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2009-02-11T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-02-11T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56814/galley/43115/download/"}]},{"pk":56813,"title":"Editors' Introduction","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3c3983dc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Kim","middle_name":"","last_name":"Foulds","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Los Angeles","department":""},{"first_name":"Amy","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Pojar","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Los Angeles","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56813/galley/43114/download/"}]},{"pk":56816,"title":"Peasant Response to Agricultural Innovations: Land Consolidation, Agrarian Diversification and Technical Change. The Case of Bungoma District in Western Kenya, 1954-1960.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of rural poverty in Africa has historically adhered to the cultural barrier hypothesis, which identified social and cultural factors as overriding impediments to the adoption of innovations and the attainment of development objectives. The prevalent orthodoxy has been that the behavior of African peasants is always conditioned by a subsistence ethic that renders such societies impervious to change and innovation. This article utilizes the case example of Bungoma district in Western Kenya to debunk the notion of inherent African peasant conservatism.  Employing mainly primary research material, the article argues instead that African rural households do possess the requisite capacity to positively respond to economic incentives with a view to modernizing their agrarian economies.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Peasant Response"},{"word":"Agricultural Innovations"},{"word":"Technical Change"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rh67483","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2008-08-05T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-08-05T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56816/galley/43117/download/"}]},{"pk":56815,"title":"Social Work Education, Training and Employment in Africa: The case of Zimbabwe","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Social work education in Zimbabwe commenced with the establishment of the School of Social Work in Harare in 1964 by the Catholic Jesuit Fathers. The School was initially called the School of Social Service. Prior to this, the country’s social workers were mainly trained in British, South African and Zambian Social Work Colleges. The first students were trained as group workers for clubs, welfare centres, and urban conditions where the clientele were more visible.  The major strength of colonial social work education was that it formed the basis for professional social work practice resulting in the creation of a three year diploma in 1966.  In 1969 the school changed its name to the School of Social Work and became the first associate college of the University of Rhodesia (now University of Zimbabwe), with students awarded a university diploma in Social Work after a three year program. In 1975 the School established the first bachelor’s degree programme in Social Work (BSW), which was followed later by the Honours and Masters degree. The school, which is the only social work training institution in the country, is now an affiliate of the University of Zimbabwe. Since the attainment of independence, the School of Social Work has transformed into a dynamic institution making social work education more responsive to the development needs of the country. The government in Zimbabwe remains the largest employer of social workers with a few employed by private and charitable organisations (NGOs). The single greatest challenge facing social work education in Zimbabwe today is making it more responsive to the needs and aspirations of the people of Zimbabwe. In this vein however, it has become imperative for the institution to prepare social workers capable of addressing local structural problems, as well as maintaining an international flavour in line with the current trends of globalization in which there is rapid movement of social workers across international frontiers.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vm25226","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2008-07-22T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-07-22T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56815/galley/43116/download/"}]},{"pk":56818,"title":"The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears by Dinaw Mengestu - A Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Immigration"},{"word":"exile"},{"word":"African Literature"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rb9355x","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Emad","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mirmotahari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tulane University of Louisiana","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56818/galley/43119/download/"}]},{"pk":56817,"title":"The Global Perspectives of her Art: Monmouth College Interviews Writer and Painter Véronique Tadjo","subtitle":null,"abstract":"During the 34th Annual Meeting of the African Literature Association held from April 22 to 27, 2008 at Western Illinois University, Professors Heather Brady and James Bukari had the privilege to host the talented artist and writer, Veronique Tadjo, on the campus of nearby Monmouth College. During her campus visit, Tadjo gave a presentation on her paintings entitled, \"The Power of African Images: From Written to Painted Narratives,\" and spoke with students about her works of art. Tadjo agreed to an interview with Monmouth College professors and members of the French Club.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"African Literature"},{"word":"African Art"},{"word":"Veronique Tadjo"},{"word":"interview"},{"word":"Monmouth College"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0s02m2gz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Heather","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Brady","name_suffix":"","institution":"Monmouth College","department":""},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bukari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Monmouth College","department":""},{"first_name":"Dan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bansley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Monmouth College","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2008-12-09T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-12-09T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ufahamu/article/56817/galley/43118/download/"}]},{"pk":3965,"title":"Predynastic Art","subtitle":null,"abstract":"“Predynastic art” describes a range of visual imagery and ornamental forms attested in Egypt and Lower Nubia from c.4000 - 3300 BCE. The known corpus comprises a rich variety of figural and non-figural designs, often applied to functional objects that were widely available, such as cosmetic palettes, ceramic vessels, and combs. Free-standing figurines are also known, as are occasional examples of large-scale painting and sculpture. Such images were a pervasive feature of Egyptian social life prior to the formation of the dynastic state, when elaborate personal display appears to have become a prerogative of elite groups.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"art"},{"word":"palette"},{"word":"macehead"},{"word":"predynastic"},{"word":"funerary"},{"word":"Naqada"},{"word":"Ballas"},{"word":"Archaeological Anthropology"},{"word":"Art History, Criticism and Conservation"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"}],"section":"Material Culture, Art and Architecture","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5gk265x0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wengrow","name_suffix":"","institution":"Institute of Archaeology, UCL","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-01-31T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-01-31T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-05T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3965/galley/2541/download/"}]},{"pk":16872,"title":"Analysis of the Literature on Emergency Department Throughput","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of this paper was to review and analyze all the literature concerning ED patient throughput. The secondary goal was to determine if certain factors would significantly alter patients’ ED throughput.\n\n\nMethods: A MEDLINE search was performed from 1966 to 2007 using the terms “turnaround,” “emergency departments,” “emergency medicine,” “efficiency,” “throughput,” “overcrowding” and “crowding.” Studies were graded using a scale of one to four based on the ACEP paper quality criteria. Inclusion criteria were English language and at least a level four or better on the quality scale. An analysis of successful procedures and techniques was performed.\n\n\nResults: Literature search using the key terms found 29 articles on turnaround times, 129 on ED efficiency, 3 on throughput, 64 on overcrowding and 52 on crowding. Twenty-six articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria. There were three level I studies, thirteen level II studies, five level III studies and five level IV studies. The studies were categorized into five areas: determinants (7), laboratories processes (4), triage process (3), academic responsibilities (2), and techniques (10). Few papers used the same techniques or process to examine or reduce patient throughput precluding a meta-analysis.\n\n\nConclusions: An analysis of the literature was difficult because of varying study methodologies and less than ideal quality. EDs with combinations of low inpatient census, in-room registration, point of care testing and an urgent care area demonstrated increased patient throughput. [WestJEM. 2009;10:104-109.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"throughput"},{"word":"Efficiency"},{"word":"Length of Stay"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qc6x82t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Leslie","middle_name":"S","last_name":"Zun","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science/Chicago Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine; Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-03-31T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-03-31T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16872/galley/8545/download/"}]},{"pk":16845,"title":"Analysis of Urobilinogen and Urine Bilirubin for Intra-Abdominal Injury in Blunt Trauma Patients","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the point prevalence of urine bilirubin, urine hemoglobin and urobilinogen in blunt trauma patients, and to evaluate its utility as a screening tool for intra-abdominal injury.\n\n\nMethods: Data analysis of 986 consecutive trauma patients of which 698 were adult blunt trauma patients. Five-hundred sixteen subjects had a urinalysis and a CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis or exploratory laparotomy. We reviewed initial urinalysis results from trauma patients in the emergency department (ED) for the presence of urine hemoglobin, uroblinogen and urine bilirubin. Computed tomography (CT) scan results and operative reports were reviewed from the trauma registry for evidence of liver laceration, spleen laceration, bowel or mesenteric injuries.\n\n\nResults: There were 73 injuries and 57/516 patients (11%) with intra-abdominal injury. Urinalysis was positive for urobilinogen in 28/516 (5.4%) patients, urine bilirubin in 15/516 (2.9%) patients and urine hemoglobin in 313/516 (61%) patients. Nineteen/forty-seven (4%) subjects had liver lacerations, 28/56 (5%) splenic lacerations, and 15/5 (3%) bowel or mesenteric injury. Comparing the proportion of patients that had urobilinogen detected in the group with and without intra-abdominal injury, 8/28 (29%) subjects with urobilinogen, 5/15 (33%) subjects with bilirubin and 47/313 (15%) subjects with urine hemoglobin were found to have liver lacerations, spleen lacerations, or bowel/mesenteric injuries. Preexisting liver or biliary conditions were not statistically associated with elevation of urine bilirubin, urine hemoglobin or urobilinogen on initial urinalysis after blunt abdominal trauma. Point prevalence for urobilinogen, urine bilirubin and urine hemoglobin are 5.43% (28/516), 2.91% (15/516) and 60.7% (313/516) respectively.\n\n\nConclusions: The utility of the initial routine urinalysis in the ED for adult blunt abdominal trauma patients should not be used as a screening tool for the evaluation of intra-abdominal injury. [WestJEM. 2009;10:85-88.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Blunt abdominal trauma"},{"word":"urobilinogen"},{"word":"liver and spleen injury"},{"word":"urinalysis screen."}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/39t2r4gj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Julie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gorchynski","name_suffix":"","institution":"JPS Health Network, Fort Worth, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dean","name_suffix":"","institution":"Oregon Adventist, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Craig","middle_name":"L","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-08-09T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-08-09T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16845/galley/8531/download/"}]},{"pk":16836,"title":"Cervical Spine Motion During Extrication: A Pilot Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Spinal immobilization is one of the most commonly performed pre-hospital procedures. Little research has been done on the movement of the neck during immobilization and extrication. In this study we used a sophisticated infrared six-camera motion-capture system (Motion Analysis Corporation, Santa Rosa, CA), to study the motion of the neck and head during extrication. A mock automobile was constructed to scale, and volunteer patients, with infrared markers on bony prominences, were extricated by experienced paramedics. We found in this pilot study that allowing an individual to exit the car under his own volition with cervical collar in place may result in the least amount of motion of the cervical spine. Further research should be conducted to verify these findings. In addition, this system could be utilized to study a variety of methods of extrication from automobile accidents. [WestJEM. 2009;10:74-78.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Cervical Spine"},{"word":"extrication"},{"word":"Immobilization"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3q88x6pg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Shafer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Division of Emergency Department, St. Louis MO","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rosanne","middle_name":"S","last_name":"Naunheim","name_suffix":"","institution":"Washington University School of Medicine, Division of Emergency Department, St Louis, MO","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-05-29T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16836/galley/8528/download/"}]},{"pk":16882,"title":"Challenging the Cost Effectiveness of Medi-Cal Managed Care","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Some researchers and consulting groups have promoted managed care as a way to provide cost-effective quality care to Medicaid patients, based on assertions that are often poorly substantiated.  Unfortunately, politicians and policy makers in California and other states have adopted the presumption of the cost-effectiveness of Medicaid Managed Care as a rationale for expanding the use of managed care programs to include a larger share of more Medicaid eligible enrollees, and expand coverage and services to the currently uninsured.  This paper challenges the assertion that Medi-Cal Managed Care is cost effective, by demonstrating that the unique and idiosyncratic manner in which Medi-Cal managed care has been implemented in California (and other states) creates perverse incentives leading to cost-shifting and selective enrollment and dis-enrollment of costly beneficiaries. This places an unfair burden on fee-for-service Medi-Cal providers, who are expected to provide more services for less reimbursement.  Administrators of Medicaid Managed Care programs need to consider risk adjusted rates for beneficiaries enrolled in plans in order to align incentives with program objectives. [WestJEM. 2009;10:124-129.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Managed Care"},{"word":"Medi-Cal"},{"word":"Health Policy"},{"word":"Medicaid"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t9113s3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"R.","middle_name":"Myles","last_name":"Riner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Director of Provider Relations, CEP America","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-07-07T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-07-07T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16882/galley/8549/download/"}]},{"pk":5258,"title":"Contingency and Contiguity Trade-Offs in Causal Induction","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Five experiments investigated the roles of contingency and temporal contiguity in causal reasoning, and the trade-off between them. Participants observed an ongoing, continuous stream of events, which was not segmented into discrete learning trials. Four potential candidate causes competed for explanatory strength with respect to a single dichotomous effect. The effect was contingent on two of these causes, with one of these (A) having a higher probability of producing the effect compared to the other (B), while B was more contiguous to the effect than A. When asked to identify the strongest cause of the effect, participants consistently and reliably selected A, as long as it was not separated from the effect by more than 2.5 s. The extent of preference diminished, however, as the contiguity gradient between A and B increased. Beyond 2.5s, the high-probability, but low-contiguity cause A was seen as equally strong as the low-probability, but high-contiguity cause B, and both reliably stood out compared to the remaining two non-contingent distracter items. This apparent trade-offbetween contingency and contiguity, rooted in contrasting two of David Hume’s (1739/1888) fundamental cues to causality, has important implications for psychological and statistical models of causal discovery, learning theory, and artificial intelligence.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"International Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"word":"Behavior"},{"word":"Behaviour"},{"word":"Communication"},{"word":"vocalization"},{"word":"learning"},{"word":"Behavioral Taxonomy"},{"word":"cognition"},{"word":"Cognitive Processes"},{"word":"Intelligence"},{"word":"Choice"},{"word":"Conditioning"},{"word":"Language"},{"word":"Hume"},{"word":"causality"},{"word":"Contingency"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tb8w6f1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marc","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Buehner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cardiff University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stuart","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"McGregor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cardiff University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-11-20T11:21:05+09:00","date_accepted":"2013-11-20T11:21:05+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5258/galley/3137/download/"}]},{"pk":16831,"title":"Crash Injury Prediction and Vehicle Damage Reporting by Paramedics: A Feasibility Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: The accuracy of pre-hospital crash scene details and crash victim assessment has important implications for initial trauma care assessment and management. Similarly, it is known to influence physician perception of crash victim injury severity. The goal of this feasibility study was to examine paramedic accuracy in predicting crash victim injury profile, disability outcome at hospital discharge, and reporting vehicle damage with other crash variables.\n\n\nMethods: This prospective case series study was undertaken at a Southern California, Level I trauma center certified by the American College of Surgeons. Paramedics transporting crash injured motor vehicle occupants to our emergency department (ED)/trauma center were surveyed. We abstracted ED and in-patient records of injured vehicle occupants. Vehicle and crash scene data were obtained from a professional crash reconstruction, which included the assessment of deformation, crash forces, change in velocity, and the source of each injury.\n\n\nResults: We used survey, injury, and crash reconstruction data from 22 collision cases in the final analysis. The median Injury Severity Score (ISS) was five (range 1-24). No enrolled patients died, and none were severely disabled at the time of discharge from the hospital. The paramedic crash injury severity predictions were sensitive for an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of 2-4. Paramedics often agreed with the crash reconstruction on restraint use, ejection, and other fatalities at the scene, and had lower levels of agreement for front airbag deployment, steering wheel damage, and window/windshield impact. Paramedics had 80% accuracy in predicting any disability at the time of hospital discharge.\n\n\nConclusion: Paramedic prediction of injury profile was sensitive, and prediction of disability outcome at discharge was accurate when compared to discharge diagnosis. Their reporting of vehicle specific crash variables was less accurate. Further study should be undertaken to assess the benefits of crash biomechanics education for paramedics and other pre-hospital care providers. [WestJEM. 2009;10:62-67.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"emergency medical technician"},{"word":"Traffic Accident"},{"word":"motor vehicle"},{"word":"Crash Reconstruction"},{"word":"biomechanics"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jh5422m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Federico","middle_name":"E","last_name":"Vaca","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Orange, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Craig","middle_name":"L","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Orange, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Harold","middle_name":"","last_name":"Herrera","name_suffix":"","institution":"Dynamic Science, Inc., Anaheim, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Chirag","middle_name":"","last_name":"Patel","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma/Critical Care, Orange, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"F","last_name":"Silman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Orange, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rhian","middle_name":"","last_name":"DeGuzman","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Orange, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Shadi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lahham","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Orange, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Vanessa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kohl","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Orange, CA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-08-21T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-08-21T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16831/galley/8525/download/"}]},{"pk":16839,"title":"Factors Associated with Complications in Older Adults with Isolated Blunt Chest Trauma","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of adverse events in elderly trauma patients with isolated blunt thoracic trauma, and to identify variables associated with these adverse events.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a chart review of 160 trauma patients age 65 and older with significant blunt thoracic trauma, drawn from an American College of Surgeons Level I Trauma Center registry. Patients with serious injury to other body areas were excluded to prevent confounding the cause of adverse events. Adverse events were defined as acute respiratory distress syndrome or pneumonia, unanticipated intubation, transfer to the intensive care unit for hypoxemia, or death. Data collected included history, physical examination, radiographic findings, length of hospital stay, and clinical outcomes.\n\n\nResults: Ninety-nine patients had isolated chest injury, while 61 others had other organ systems injured and were excluded. Sixteen patients developed adverse events [16.2% 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.5-24.9%], including two deaths. Adverse events were experienced by 19.2%, 6.1%, and 28.6% of those patients 65-74, 75-84, and >85 years old, respectively. The mean length of stay was 14.6 days in patients with an adverse event and 5.8 days in patients without. Post hoc analysis revealed that all 16 patients with an adverse event had one or more of the following: age ≥85, initial systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg, hemothorax, pneumothorax, three or more unilateral rib fractures, or pulmonary contusion (sensitivity 100%, CI 79.4-100%; specificity 38.6%, CI 28.1-49.9%).\n\n\nConclusion: Adverse events from isolated thoracic trauma in elderly patients complicate 16% of our sample. These criteria were 100% sensitive and 38.5% specific for these adverse events. This study is a first step to identifying variables that might aid in identifying patients at high risk for serious adverse events. [WestJEM. 2009;10:79-84.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Trauma"},{"word":"Blunt"},{"word":"Elderly"},{"word":"thoracic"},{"word":"predictor variables"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9922n53h","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shahram","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lotfipour","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Shawn","middle_name":"K","last_name":"Kaku","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Federico","middle_name":"E","last_name":"Vaca","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Chirag","middle_name":"","last_name":"Patel","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Surgery","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Craig","middle_name":"L","last_name":"Anderson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Suleman","middle_name":"S","last_name":"Ahmed","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"D","last_name":"Menchine","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-10-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-10-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16839/galley/8529/download/"}]},{"pk":16874,"title":"Hemopericardium and Cardiac Tamponade in a Patient with an Elevated International Normalized Ratio","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This case report describes a 54-year-old male on warfarin for atrial fibrillation who presented to the emergency department (ED) following a syncopal episode with persistent hypotension. The patient’s International Normalized Ratio (INR) returned elevated at 6.0, and a rapid bedside cardiac ultrasound revealed a large pericardial effusion consistent with cardiac tamponade. The anticoagulation was reversed and the patient underwent successful pericardiocentesis with removal of 1,100 mL of blood. [WestJEM. 2009;10:115-119.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"hemopericardium"},{"word":"Tamponade"},{"word":"anticoagulation"},{"word":"ultrasound"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n0525k4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joel","middle_name":"T","last_name":"Levis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Santa Clara Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Santa Clara, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mucio","middle_name":"C","last_name":"Delgado","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stanford-Kaiser Emergency Medicine Residency Program","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-05-09T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-05-09T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16874/galley/8547/download/"}]},{"pk":16856,"title":"Higher Inpatient Medical Surgical Bed Occupancy Extends Admitted Patients’ Stay","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objective: Determine the effect that increased medical surgical (med/surg) bed occupancy has on the time interval from admission order to arrival in the bed for the patients admitted from the emergency department (ED).\n\n\nMethods: This retrospective observational study compares the total hospital bed occupancy rate and the medical surgical inpatient bed occupancy rate to daily averages for the time interval from admission order (patient posting for admission) to the patient’s arrival in the inpatient bed. Medical surgical inpatient bed occupancy of 92% was chosen because beyond that rate we observed more frequent extended daily transfer times. The data is from a single large tertiary care institute with 590 beds and an annual ED census of 80,000.\n\n\nResults: Group 1 includes 38 days with (med/surg) inpatient bed occupancy rate of less than 92%, with an average ED daily wait of 2.5 hrs (95% confidence interval 2.23-2.96) for transfer from the ED to the appropriate hospital bed. Group 2 includes 68 days with med/surg census greater than 92% with an average ED daily wait of 4.1 hours (95% confidence interval 3.7-4.5). Minimum daily average for the two groups was 1.2 hrs and 1.3 hrs, respectively. The maximum average was 5.6 hrs for group 1 and 8.6 hrs for group 2. Comparison of group 1 to 2 for wait time to hospital bed yielded p <0.01. Total reported hospital occupied capacity shows a correlation coefficient of 0.16 to transfer time interval, which indicates a weak relationship between total occupancy and transfer time into the hospital. Med/surg occupancy, the beds typically used by ED patients, has a 0.62 correlation coefficient for a moderately strong relationship.\n\n\nConclusions: Med/surg bed occupancy has a better correlation to extended transfer times, and occupancy over 92% at 5 AM in our institution corresponds to an increased frequency of extended transfer times from the ED. The process of ED evaluation, hospital admission, and subsequent transfer into the hospital are all complex processes. This study begins to demonstrate one variable, med/surg occupancy, as one of the intervals that can be followed to evaluate the process of ED admission and hospital flow. [WestJEM. 2009;10:93-96.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"overcrowding"},{"word":"Hospital Occupancy"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x00f16k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Scott","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"Krall","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"E","last_name":"O'Connor","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Virginia Health System","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Lisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Maercks","name_suffix":"","institution":"St Francis Hospital, Wilmington Delaware","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-12-04T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-12-04T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16856/galley/8536/download/"}]},{"pk":16887,"title":"Images in Emergency Medicine: Painful Red Eye","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is an uncommon cause of eye redness and pain in non-tropical regions.  We present a case of a patient who presented to a United States emergency department with this ocular pathology and discuss the presentation, diagnosis and treatment. [WestJEM. 2009;10:e9.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"hemorrhagic conjunctivitis"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3h9323ss","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Travis","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Eastin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Lee","middle_name":"G","last_name":"Wilbur","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Rawle","middle_name":"A","last_name":"Seupaul","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-03-23T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-03-23T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16887/galley/8551/download/"}]},{"pk":16852,"title":"Images in Emergency Medicine: Subtalar Dislocation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"[WestJEM. 2009;10:92.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Orthopedics"},{"word":"dislocation"},{"word":"subtalar"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69r5p7g6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bryant","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Santa Clara Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Santa Clara, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Joel","middle_name":"T","last_name":"Levis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kaiser Santa Clara Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Santa Clara, CA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-07-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-07-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16852/galley/8535/download/"}]},{"pk":5262,"title":"Individual Recognition in Japanese Quail Requires Physical and Behavioral Cues","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Individual recognition is a complex social learning process in which idiosyncratic characteristics of a conspecific are learned and later used to discriminate this conspecific from others. Many social species of birds appear to be capable of individual recognition. However, it is possible that at least under some circumstances these and other species discriminate conspecifics not based on individual recognition but instead, by recognizing them as members of one or more social categories. Many references to individual recognition in the literature have neglected to address this distinction. For example, Riters and Balthazart (1998) reported that male quail were capable of recognizing individual females with which they had and had not copulated, but their experimental design may have unintentionally created two social categories of females (sexually receptive and non-receptive). The present set of experiments replicated Riters’ and Balthazart’s findings (Experiment 1) and then tested male quail for their ability to recognize females based on physical cues only (Experiment 2), physical and behavioral cues (Experiment 3), and the social categorization cues associated with female receptivity (Experiment 4). The results suggested that male quail are capable of recognizing individual females with which they have and have not copulated, but this recognition is not based onphysical, non-sexual, or sexual receptivity behaviors in isolation. Instead, individual recognition occurred only when the males were able to utilize all of these potentially distinctive female attributes in combination. The results also suggested that female receptivity responses may be unique and idiosyncratic, varying along one or more dimensions.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"International Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"word":"Behavior"},{"word":"Behaviour"},{"word":"Communication"},{"word":"vocalization"},{"word":"learning"},{"word":"Behavioral Taxonomy"},{"word":"cognition"},{"word":"Cognitive Processes"},{"word":"Intelligence"},{"word":"Choice"},{"word":"Conditioning"},{"word":"Female receptivity"},{"word":"Individual recognition"},{"word":"Quail"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bq9b6qp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Brian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cusato","name_suffix":"","institution":"Centre College","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Burns-Cusato","name_suffix":"","institution":"Centre College","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-11-20T11:57:24+09:00","date_accepted":"2013-11-20T11:57:24+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5262/galley/3141/download/"}]},{"pk":5263,"title":"Magnitude Effects of Sexual Reinforcement in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The effect of the magnitude of sexual reinforcement on the extinction of a running response was studied in quail. In Experiment 1, a group of subjects (L) received copulatory access to eight females, whereas a second group (S) received access to a single female. Both groups acquired the running response. During extinction, Group S showed a fast decrease in responding, whereas Group L persisted longer. In Experiment 2, males were allowed a choice between one or eight females. Preference for eight females demonstrated that males discriminated between the two reward magnitudes and that access to eight females had a larger reinforcing value than access to one female. The results are discussed within the context of the paradoxical reinforcement effects and the divergence in learning mechanisms in birds.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"International Journal of Comparative Psychology"},{"word":"Behavior"},{"word":"Behaviour"},{"word":"Communication"},{"word":"vocalization"},{"word":"learning"},{"word":"Behavioral Taxonomy"},{"word":"cognition"},{"word":"Cognitive Processes"},{"word":"Intelligence"},{"word":"Choice"},{"word":"Conditioning"},{"word":"Sexual reinforcement"},{"word":"Reinforcer value"},{"word":"Japanese quail"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cr7n85m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alejandro","middle_name":"","last_name":"Baquero","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Adriana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Puerta","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Germán","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gutiérrez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2013-11-20T12:02:03+09:00","date_accepted":"2013-11-20T12:02:03+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5263/galley/3142/download/"}]},{"pk":16867,"title":"Male Patient Visits to the Emergency Department Decline During the Play of Major Sporting Events","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study whether emergency department (ED) visits by male patients wane simultaneously with the play of scheduled professional and college sports events.\n\n\nMethods: Retrospective cohort analysis looked at ED male patient registration rates during a time block lasting from two hours before, during, and two hours after the play of professional football games (Monday night, Sundays, post-season play), major league baseball, and a Division I college football and basketball team, respectively. These registration rates were compared to rates at similar times on similar days of the week during the year devoid of a major sporting contest. Games were assumed to have a play time of three hours. Data was collected from April 2000 through March 2003 at an urban academic ED seeing 33,000 male patients above the age of 18 years annually.\n\n\nResults: A total of 782 games were identified and used for purposes of the study. Professional football game dates had a mean of 17.9 males (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.4-18.4) registering vs. 26.8 males (95% CI 25.9-27.6) on non-game days. A registration rate for major league baseball was 18.4 patients (95% CI 17.6-18.4). The mean for registration on comparable non-game days was 23.9 patients (95% CI 22.8-24.3). For the regional Division I college football team, the mean number of patients registering on game days and non-game days was 21.7 (95% CI 20.9-22.4) and 23.4 (95% CI 22.9-23.7), respectively. Division I college basketball play for game and non-game days had mean rates of registration of 14.5 (95% CI 13.9-15.1) and 15.5 (95% CI 15.1-15.9) patients, respectively. For all sports dates collectively, a comparison of two means yielded a mean of 18.2 patients (95% CI 17.4-18.8) registering during the study hours on game days vs. 23.3 patients (95% CI 22.0-23.7) on non-game days. The mean difference was 5.1 patients (95% CI 3.7 to 7.0) with p < .000074.\n\n\nConclusion: Male patient visits to the ED decline during major sporting events. [WestJEM. 2009;10:101-103.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Male"},{"word":"Visits"},{"word":"emergency department"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fm1t0qn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"A","last_name":"Jerrard","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-04-18T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-04-18T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16867/galley/8541/download/"}]},{"pk":16829,"title":"Masthead","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Masthead"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8j47f2mp","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2009-05-06T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-05-06T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16829/galley/8524/download/"}]},{"pk":16891,"title":"Open Season in Sacramento","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cp8h3vp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Douglas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brosnan","name_suffix":"","institution":"CAL/ACEP Policy & Advocacy Fellow; Associate Director of Provider Relations, CEP","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-07T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-07T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16891/galley/8554/download/"}]},{"pk":16888,"title":"President’s Message – Passing the Baton","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2nq0v5vv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Stuart","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Swadron","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-21T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-21T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16888/galley/8552/download/"}]},{"pk":16850,"title":"Pseudoaneurysm of the Radial Artery Diagnosed by Bedside Ultrasound","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A 42-year-old male presented to the emergency department with pain and swelling of his distal right wrist. Bedside ultrasound placed over the swelling revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery. The patient received percutaneous thrombin injection of the aneurysm sac followed by direct ultrasound compression therapy of the pseudoaneurysm neck, resulting in thrombosis of the sac. The use of bedside ultrasound by the emergency physician led to appropriate care and proper disposition for definitive management. [WestJEM. 2009;10:89-91.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Pseudoaneurysm"},{"word":"radial artery"},{"word":"ultrasound"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qn8s2qf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pero","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University, Christus Spohn Memorial Hospital Emergency Department","department":"None"},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Herrick","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University, Christus Spohn Memorial Hospital Emergency Department","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-04-17T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-04-17T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16850/galley/8533/download/"}]},{"pk":16863,"title":"Routine Laboratory Testing to Evaluate for Medical Illness in Psychiatric Patients in the Emergency Department Is Largely Unrevealing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This is a prospective study of psychiatric patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) to determine the value of routine laboratory studies used to attempt to exclude concomitant medical illness.\n \nMethods: Physical exams and laboratory tests were performed on 375 psychiatric patients presenting for “medical clearance” in the ED. Upon completion of these tests, the percentage and impact of abnormal physical exams and laboratory results were assessed.\n \nResults: Fifty-six of 375 patients (14.9%) had a non-substance-induced laboratory abnormality. Forty-two of these 56 patients (75.0%) also had abnormal history or physical exam findings indicating laboratory screening. Ten had normal history and physical exams with insignificant laboratory abnormalities. The four (1.1% [95% CI 0.3-2.7%]) remaining patients with normal history and physical exams had abnormal urinalyses which did not affect final disposition or contribute to altered behavior.\n \nConclusion: Patients presenting to the ED with psychiatric chief complaints, benign histories and normal physical exams have a low likelihood of clinically significant laboratory findings. [WestJEM. 2009;10:97-100.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Medical Clearance Psychiatric Laboratory Testing"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0015n3qt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Manish","middle_name":"","last_name":"Amin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kern Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakersfield, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Julia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kern Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakersfield, CA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-11-08T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-11-08T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16863/galley/8538/download/"}]},{"pk":16873,"title":"Supraclavicular Subclavian Vein Catherization: The Forgotten Central Line","subtitle":null,"abstract":"While the supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein has been described since 1965, it is generally employed much less often than the “traditional” infraclavicular approach. Although randomized trials are lacking, the best evidence suggests that the supraclavicular approach has a number of important advantages to the infraclavicular approach. The landmarks and relative merits of the procedure are described in this paper. [WestJEM. 2009;10:110-114.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Central Line"},{"word":"vascular"},{"word":"shock"},{"word":"access"},{"word":"supraclavicular"},{"word":"subclavian"},{"word":"internal jugular"},{"word":"intravenous"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kf7q46w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Shannon","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Patrick","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California - Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Marius","middle_name":"A","last_name":"Tijunelis","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California - Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sonia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Johnson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California - Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mel","middle_name":"E","last_name":"Herbert","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Southern California - Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-08-15T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-08-15T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16873/galley/8546/download/"}]},{"pk":16828,"title":"Table of Contents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"table of contents"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34x5r6jw","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2009-05-06T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-05-06T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16828/galley/8523/download/"}]},{"pk":16879,"title":"Turning Your Abstract into a Paper: Academic Writing Made Simpler","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Academic writing is a critical skill distinct from creative writing. While brevity is vital, clarity in writing reflects clarity of thought. This paper is a primer for novice academic writers. [WestJEM. 2009;10:120-123.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"Academic Writing"},{"word":"journal"},{"word":"Scientific writing"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1m49p0ps","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Mark","middle_name":"I.","last_name":"Langdorf","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine School of Medicine; Editor-in-Chief, Western Journal of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Stephen","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Hayden","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, San Diego; Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Emergency Medicine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-10-07T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-10-07T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16879/galley/8548/download/"}]},{"pk":16832,"title":"Unexpected Arrest-Related Deaths in America: 12 Months of Open Source Surveillance","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sudden, unexpected arrest-related death (ARD) has been associated with drug abuse, extreme delirium or certain police practices. There is insufficient surveillance and causation data available. We report 12 months of surveillance data using a novel data collection methodology.\n\n\nMethods: We used an open-source, prospective method to collect 12 consecutive months of data, including demographics, behavior, illicit substance use, control methods used, and time of collapse after law enforcement contact. Descriptive analysis and chi-square testing were applied.\n\n\nResults: There were 162 ARD events reported that met inclusion criteria. The majority were male with mean age 36 years, and involved bizarre, agitated behavior and reports of drug abuse just prior to death. Law enforcement control techniques included none (14%); empty-hand techniques (69%); intermediate weapons such as TASER device, impact weapon or chemical irritant spray (52%); and deadly force (12%). Time from contact to subject collapse included instantaneous (13%), within the first hour (53%) and 1-48 hours (35%). Significant collapse time associations occurred with the use of certain intermediate weapons.\n\n\nConclusion: This surveillance report can be a foundation for discussing ARD. These data support the premise that ARDs primarily occur in persons with a certain demographic and behavior profile that includes middle-aged males exhibiting agitated, bizarre behavior generally following illicit drug abuse. Collapse time associations were demonstrated with the use of TASER devices and impact weapons. We recommend further study in this area to validate our data collection method and findings. [WestJEM. 2009;10:68-73.]","language":"en","license":{"name":"none","short_name":"none","text":"","url":"http://google.com"},"keywords":[{"word":"sudden death"},{"word":"Custodial death"},{"word":"In-Custody death"},{"word":"Arrest Related Death"},{"word":"Open Source Research"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/11b4x28d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"D","last_name":"Ho","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hennepin County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Minneapolis, MN","department":"None"},{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"G","last_name":"Heegaard","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hennepin County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Minneapolis, MN","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Donald","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Dawes","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lompoc Valley Medical Center, Lompoc, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sridhar","middle_name":"","last_name":"Natarajan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Forensic Pathology and Medicine Consultant, Biodynamic Research Corporation, San Antonio, TX","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"F","last_name":"Reardon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hennepin County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Minneapolis, MN","department":"None"},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Miner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hennepin County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Minneapolis, MN","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-12-11T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-12-11T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-05-01T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16832/galley/8526/download/"}]},{"pk":2482,"title":"Corrective Feedback and Teacher Development","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article examines a number of controversies relating to how corrective feedback (CF) has been viewed in SLA and language pedagogy. These controversies address (1) whether CF contributes to L2 acquisition, (2) which errors should be corrected, (3) who should do the correcting (the teacher or the learner him/herself), (4) which type of CF is the most effective, and (5) what is the best timing for CF (immediate or delayed). In discussing these controversies, both the pedagogic and SLA literature will be drawn on. The article will conclude with some general guidelines for conducting CF in language classrooms based on a sociocultural view of L2 acquisition and will suggest how these guidelines might be used for teacher development.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2504d6w3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rod","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ellis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Chang Jiang Scholar of Shanghai International Studies and University of Auckland","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-04-23T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2482/galley/1515/download/"}]},{"pk":2481,"title":"From the Editor","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nz2w95f","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Claire","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Kramsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-04-23T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2481/galley/1514/download/"}]},{"pk":2483,"title":"L2 Learner Talk-about-Language as Social Discursive Practice","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to explore the discursive and social functions of talk engaged in by language learners about language in natural settings, to raise awareness of the benefits of such practice, and to discuss some of its pedagogical implications. Authentic interactions between study-abroad students and native speakers of German that deal overtly with aspects of language are analyzed. These conversational events are labeled “Talk-about-Language” and are distinguished from focus-on-form (Long, 1991) because they do not relate directly to the acquisition of particular forms, and because they do not occur in the classroom, but rather in naturalistic settings in Germany. The research questions for the analysis are (1) how do L2 learners engage in Talk-about-Language?, (2) what conversational or discursive functions does Talk-about-Language serve?, and (3) how is Talk-about Language to be understood as social practice? Employing some of the tools of conversation and discourse analysis, several conversational excerpts are analyzed in order to categorize Talk-about-Language events into a taxonomy and explore Talk-about-Language as a component of L2 learners’ socialization as legitimate peripheral participants in the L2 culture (Lave & Wenger, 1991). Implications for issues of language program articulation, curriculum design, and classroom practice are also discussed.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5hp6t4pk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Glenn","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Levine","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-04-23T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2483/galley/1516/download/"}]},{"pk":2485,"title":"Language Use in the Negotiation of Linguistic and Cultural Knowledge and the Sustenance of Online Diasporic Relations","subtitle":null,"abstract":"With ongoing immigration patterns, the movement of people has also meant the spread of languages. Mungaka, an indigenous language spoken in Bali, Cameroon has moved to domains beyond its borders due to such migration patterns. Mbonbani is an online forum created to maintain communication between those who moved away and those who stayed. This study investigates language use and ideologies as manifested on this online forum and seeks to find out the following:  •How does language use in an online diasporic e-group mediate culture and sustain relations between the Diaspora and the home country? •How do diasporic communities maintain an awareness of the linguistic and cultural knowledge within the structures of such dislocation? •What role does information technology play in the preservation of these diasporic relations?  I look at language use on Mbonbani to underscore how the Internet allows a linguistic space where participants appropriate new technologies to advance and enhance cultural traditions. I highlight how a multiplicity of languages is used to co-create indigenous knowledge through the construction and deconstruction of meaning.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Language"},{"word":"internet"},{"word":"online communities"},{"word":"Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wj240nd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Patience","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fielding","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California - Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-06-15T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-06-15T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-04-23T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2485/galley/1518/download/"}]},{"pk":2486,"title":"Thanks to Reviewers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Thanks to reviewers.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6v49n4d2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Claire","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Kramsch","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-12-31T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-12-31T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-04-23T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2486/galley/1519/download/"}]},{"pk":2484,"title":"The role of input revisited: Nativist versus usage-based models","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article examines the role of input in two contrasting theories of language acquisition: nativist (UG) theory and the usage-based (emergentist) approach. Although extensive treatments of input are available for first language acquisition (cf. Gathercole & Hoff, 2007), such research rarely incorporates findings from second language acquisition. Accordingly, this paper examines a range of linguistic phenomena from both first and second language contexts (e.g., yes-no question formation, constraints on want-to con¬traction) in order to illustrate how each theory might explain their acquisition. The discussion of input presented here addresses various constructs, including the problem of the poverty of the stimulus, the lack of negative evidence, the role of indirect (missing) evidence, recovery from overgeneralization, and frequency effects. The article concludes with a reappraisal of the poverty of the stimulus problem in SLA from a usage-based perspective.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/647983hc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Eve","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zyzik","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Santa Cruz","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2009-04-16T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-04-23T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2484/galley/1517/download/"}]},{"pk":3957,"title":"Kinship and Family Relations","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Core aspects of the kinship system in ancient Egypt are discussed here. The six basic terms through which Egyptians expressed relationships of marriage, descent, and collaterality are considered, as well as the principles that regulated marriage and inheritance. The existence of different terms for kin groups is also taken into account. Lastly, the importance of kinship in ancient Egyptian social organization—both in Predynastic and Dynastic times—is analyzed with consideration of its prominence among the peasantry, in elite contexts, and in the world of the gods.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"marriage"},{"word":"descent"},{"word":"dowry"},{"word":"will"},{"word":"marriage contract"},{"word":"sibling"},{"word":"Archaeological Anthropology"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"}],"section":"Individual and Society","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7zh1g7ch","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marcelo","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Campagno","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Buenos Aires","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-10-30T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-10-30T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-03-30T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3957/galley/2533/download/"}]},{"pk":3963,"title":"Cordage Production","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The term “cordage” refers to rope and string, and to the products made from these, such as netting. Its presence among some of the oldest artifacts found on archaeological sites testifies to its usefulness through the ages. In ancient Egypt, the production of cordage was relatively simple, for it could be made by hand without special implements. However, the manufacture of thick rope required the efforts of more than one person and/or the use of special tools. Various materials were used to make cordage, depending on the availability of the necessary plants and also on the intended function of the cordage.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"rope"},{"word":"string"},{"word":"sling"},{"word":"Archaeological Anthropology"},{"word":"Near Eastern Languages and Societies"}],"section":"Material Culture, Art and Architecture","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1w90v76c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"André","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Veldmeijer","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2007-12-21T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2007-12-21T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-03-24T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3963/galley/2539/download/"}]},{"pk":1819,"title":"Social Data Analysis with StatCrunch: Potential Benefits to Statistical Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"StatCrunch (www.statcrunch.com) is an online data analysis package that can be used as a low cost alternative to traditional statistical software for introductory statistics courses.  StatCrunch offers a wide array of numerical and graphical routines for analyzing data along with several features such as interactive graphics which can be used for pedagogical purposes.  StatCrunch has a number of new features related to social data analysis where users may share data sets and associated analysis results via the StatCrunch site.  Users may also interact via online discussions related to shared items.  This manuscript provides a brief description of the mechanics of uploading and sharing information via the StatCrunch site and then discusses some of the potential benefits that these social data analysis capabilities offer to both students and instructors.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Social data analysis"},{"word":"StatCrunch"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67j8j18s","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Webster","middle_name":"","last_name":"West","name_suffix":"","institution":"Texas A&M University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-08-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-08-28T16:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-03-17T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/tise/article/1819/galley/1247/download/"}]},{"pk":1816,"title":"TinkerPlots as a Research Tool to Explore Student Understanding","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the use of the dynamic software package, TinkerPlots, as a research tool to assist in assessing students’ understanding of aspects of beginning inference. Two interview protocols used previously with middle school students in printed format without computer software were introduced to a new sample of students through data sets entered in TinkerPlots. The later group of students had experienced a series of lessons using TinkerPlots but the activities were based on different data sets. Of interest in this exploratory study is an analysis of the affordances provided by TinkerPlots to researchers in their quest to assist students in explaining their thinking about the data sets. These are considered in relation to those provided by the format of the earlier interviews.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"middle school students"},{"word":"research tools"},{"word":"statistical understanding"},{"word":"student interviews"},{"word":"TinkerPlots."}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dp5t34t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jane","middle_name":"","last_name":"Watson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tasmania","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Julie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Donne","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tasmania","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2008-11-05T17:00:00+09:00","date_accepted":"2008-11-05T17:00:00+09:00","date_published":"2009-03-17T16:00:00+09:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/tise/article/1816/galley/1245/download/"}]},{"pk":3970,"title":"Faience Technology","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Faience has been described as “the first high-tech ceramic,” which aptly describes its artificial nature. Unlike conventional, clay-based ceramics, the raw material of faience is a mixture of silica, soda, and lime reacted together during firing to make a new medium, quite different in nature to its constituents. 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