{"count":39504,"next":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=6600","previous":"https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=json&limit=100&offset=6400","results":[{"pk":24592,"title":"The development of mental simulation as a strategy for solving problems with multiple alternatives","subtitle":null,"abstract":"As adults, we readily work through alternative possibilities and their potential consequences in our minds before acting. This capacity for mental simulation enables us to internally explore alternatives without incurring costs of acting in reality. Young children are highly exploratory in the real world, but little is known about their ability to engage in internal exploration via mental simulation. This preregistered study (1) examines developmental changes in the use of mental simulation when solving problems with multiple options, and (2) investigates the influence of resource availability on the tendency to simulate. Adults (N=30) and 4-to 7-year-olds (target N=120; data collection ongoing) completed computer-based puzzles where they chose where to drop balls into a vertical maze to hit a goal. Accuracy and latency to act were measured as indices of mental simulation. Our findings will contribute to understanding children's problem-solving, and could lead to a new conceptualization of their exploratory behaviour.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Decision making; Problem Solving; Computer-based experiment"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86n4920t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Emma","middle_name":"C","last_name":"Tecwyn","name_suffix":"","institution":"York St John University","department":""},{"first_name":"Angela","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nyhout","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kent","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24592/galley/17750/download/"}]},{"pk":24739,"title":"The Dynamic Nature of Procrastination","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Procrastination is often characterized as minimal progress initially, with a significant increase in progress shortly before the deadlines. Yet, the cognitive mechanisms underlying this intriguing dynamic feature of procrastination‚Äîthe time course of progress‚Äîremain poorly understood. We investigated this through an experiment where participants worked on a self-paced, week-long online reading task consisting of numerous work units (N = 611). We proposed two models that fit each individual's time course of progress. Both models consider the time course of progress as the output of sequential decision-making: whether to work now (and, if so, how much) or later. The first, a normative model, calculates the value of making progress using the Bellman equation; the second, a roll-out model, estimates this value by simulating future work progress. We found that the rollout model fit the data much better, suggesting some evidence against people behaving rationally and some evidence for people simulating future work progress.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"psychology"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4646625w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Peiyuan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York University","department":""},{"first_name":"Yijun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lin","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Florida","department":""},{"first_name":"Falk","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lieder","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""},{"first_name":"Wei Ji","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ma","name_suffix":"","institution":"New York University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24739/galley/21607/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24739/galley/14337/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24739/galley/18195/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24739/galley/21607/download/"}]},{"pk":24005,"title":"The Dynamics of Cooperation with Commitment in A Population of Heterogeneous Preferences--An ABM Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Prior literature shows that some mechanisms, e.g., commitment, could give rise to cooperation. However, participants' diverse propensities to cooperate may limit such mechanisms' effectiveness. Thus, we bring individual differences in their propensities to cooperate into the reasoning of long-term social dynamics of cooperation through an agent-based modeling approach. Our results suggest that commitment may still guarantee cooperation when individuals have different propensities to cooperate but has weaker effects, and the setups of commitment are also important. Our study highlights the importance of integrating individual preferences in analyzing collective dynamics of a population consisting of individuals of heterogeneous characteristics, thus offering implications to facilitate cooperation in rich real-world scenarios.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Other; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Group Behaviour; Human Factors; Social cognition; Agent-based Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54p610s8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Wei","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","department":""},{"first_name":"Luzhan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yuan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","department":""},{"first_name":"Zheng","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jiang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","department":""},{"first_name":"Gaowei","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","department":""},{"first_name":"Yi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24005/galley/13599/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24005/galley/21608/download/"}]},{"pk":24586,"title":"The Dynamics of Creative Thinking: Teacher Behavior and Student Novelty in Science Education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Engaging in science lessons requires creative thinking skills. These skills are expressed in the verbalized ideas of students during these activities. The objective of this study was to analyze how momentary teacher behavior is associated with the level of novelty of scientific reasoning in teacher-student interactions. Participants were 14 teachers together with a small teaching group of 4-7 year old students (around 64 students in total). One lesson per teacher was recorded prior to a professional intervention. We categorized the verbalizations of both teachers and students in real-time, assessing level of novelty for all student statements and categorizing teacher utterances as divergent, convergent, or neutral. Preliminary analyses showed that interaction patterns are specific for each teacher and class. Generally, students tended to express lower levels of novelty following teachers' convergent statements. However, teachers' divergent statements did not lead to higher levels of student novelty.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Creativity"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bw644fd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marijn","middle_name":"","last_name":"van Dijk","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Groningen","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24586/galley/17741/download/"}]},{"pk":24373,"title":"The effectiveness of virtual vs. human influencers in digital marketing: Based on perceived psychological distance and credibility","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the differential impacts of virtual and human influencers on consumer purchase intentions, focusing particularly on the roles of perceived psychological distance and credibility. Utilizing image recognition algorithms, two influencers with facial similarities were stringently selected, and surveys from 427 consumers on their perceptions of the products endorsed by these influencers were analyzed. Results show human influencers outperform virtual ones, yet the latter still positively affect purchase intentions, revealing their potential as effective marketing tools. The study further reveals that perceived psychological distance can independently mediate the relationship between influencer type and purchase intention, and also acts in tandem with perceived credibility in this mediation. This research not only offers empirical insights into the comparative effectiveness of virtual versus human influencers in digital marketing but also advances understanding of the psychological mechanisms underpinning consumer behavior in the digital era.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Cognitive development; Human-computer interaction; Comparative Analysis"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pk2x124","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rongqin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","department":""},{"first_name":"Yun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","department":""},{"first_name":"Ling","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24373/galley/13970/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24373/galley/21617/download/"}]},{"pk":21482,"title":"The effect of diversity on group decision-making","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We explore different aspects of cognitive diversity and its effect on the success of group deliberation. To evaluate this, we use 500 dialogues from small, online groups discussing the Wason Card Selection task - the DeliData corpus. Leveraging the corpus, we perform quantitative analysis evaluating three different measures of cognitive diversity. First, we analyse the effect of group size as a proxy measure for diversity. Second, we evaluate the effect of the size of the initial idea pool. Finally, we look into the content of the discussion by analysing discussed solutions, discussion patterns, and how conversational probing can improve those characteristics.\nDespite the reputation of groups for compounding bias, we show that small groups can, through dialogue, overcome intuitive biases and improve individual decision-making. Across a large sample and different operationalisations, we consistently find that greater cognitive diversity is associated with more successful group deliberation. \n\nCode and data used for the analysis are available in the repository: https://github.com/gkaradzhov/cognitive-diversity-groups-cogsci24","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Decision making; Discourse; Problem Solving; Corpus studies; Statistics"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6685n22z","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Georgi","middle_name":"Milev","last_name":"Karadzhov","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Andreas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vlachos","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Tom","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stafford","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Sheffield","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21482/galley/11081/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21482/galley/21927/download/"}]},{"pk":24491,"title":"The effect of encoding context on false memory formation in a picture-based category associates procedure","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of encoding context on the formation of false memories, using Category Associates Procedure with pictorial stimuli. In the literature, distinctiveness is suggested to decrease false memories; however, the mechanisms of this effect are still of debate. Participants studied objects from several categories, each category list either presented on congruent or incongruent backgrounds. Later, they performed a recognition test for three item types: studied, critical lure and unrelated items. We expected that incongruent condition should require more distinctive encoding, which may lead to decreased false recognition of critical lures compared to congruent condition. The results revealed a false memory effect consistent with existing literature; however, there was no difference between congruent and incongruent conditions in terms of false memory rates. The results were discussed in the light of encoding-based and retrieval-based theories. Additionally, visual imagery measures and reported strategies were also considered.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Memory; Computer-based experiment"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qm4k44n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"ƒ∞rem","middle_name":"","last_name":"Küsmü≈ü","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabancƒ± University","department":""},{"first_name":"Olesya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Blazhenkova","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabanci University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24491/galley/14088/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24491/galley/21610/download/"}]},{"pk":21599,"title":"The Effect of Event Boundaries on 3-Year-Olds' Novel Category Learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The Event Segmentation Theory suggests that people naturally divide everyday experiences into distinct units, with event boundaries serving as anchors in long-term memory and aiding recall. These boundaries are ubiquitous in children's daily experiences and may significantly influence learning. This study investigated how event boundaries affect novel category learning in young children. Specifically, 23 English-speaking three-year-olds learned novel object categories under two conditions. In the event boundary condition, objects were moved across two different background contexts, whereas in the control condition, they remained within the same backgrounds. We hypothesized that presenting objects across an event boundary would enhance generalization. Unexpectedly, both conditions yielded similar performance. An order effect emerged, with initially introduced categories showing better performance, suggesting the impact of task structure and children's differing interpretations of event boundaries, particularly among females. This finding opens avenues for further investigation into the role of event boundaries in early category learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive development; Concepts and categories; Event cognition; Language development; Memory"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7k36z2hg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Alice","middle_name":"","last_name":"Xu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stigler","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""},{"first_name":"Catherine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sandhofer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21599/galley/11198/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21599/galley/21992/download/"}]},{"pk":24442,"title":"The effect of jargon on perceptions of explanation quality: Reconciling contradictory findings","subtitle":null,"abstract":"How can non-experts evaluate expert explanations despite their limited understanding? The present research explores this question by focusing on one facet of expert explanations: the role of jargon and its effects on perceptions of an explanation's quality. Specifically, we aim to reconcile contradictory findings from past research. While some authors find that explanations with jargon are perceived to be better than those without, others find that jargon has detrimental effects. These studies differ in a number of properties that we investigate systematically across three experiments (N=737; N=734; N=733). We find that jargon can boost explanatory satisfaction for incomplete explanations, potentially because the jargon is taken to fill an explanatory gap. However, the benefits of jargon (for explanatory satisfaction and perceived learning) decrease as explanations become more complete. On the other hand, detrimental effects of jargon (on comprehensibility, confidence, and deference to experts) are found regardless of explanatory completeness.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Concepts and categories; Learning; Social cognition"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ds9s5tj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Francisco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cruz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon","department":""},{"first_name":"Tania","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lombrozo","name_suffix":"","institution":"Princeton University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24442/galley/14039/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24442/galley/21611/download/"}]},{"pk":21503,"title":"The effect of meaning-related cues on pronoun resolution in Dutch","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Pronoun interpretation seems to be driven by structural factors, but also by factors related to meaning. In a forced-choice pronoun interpretation experiment, we compare the impact of the next-mention bias associated with transfer-of-possession-verbs on the interpretation of three Dutch pronominal forms that differ in the strength of their structural biases: reduced personal pronoun ze ‚Äòshe_reduced ', full personal pronoun zij ‚Äòshe_full', and demonstrative pronoun die ‚Äòthat'. In addition to replicating the common Goal-bias associated with transfer-of-possession verbs, results show significant differences in the proportion of pronoun resolved to the preceding subject between all three pronominal forms. However, the effect of the next-mention manipulation did not differ between pronominal forms. These findings are in line with a model of pronoun interpretation that combines structural and meaning-related factors, and present particularly strong evidence against models that posit that pronoun interpretation is the mirror image of pronoun production.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Discourse; Language understanding; Pragmatics"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fz4c880","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hoek","name_suffix":"","institution":"Radboud University","department":""},{"first_name":"Hans","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wilke","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Groningen","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21503/galley/11102/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21503/galley/21948/download/"}]},{"pk":24411,"title":"The Effect of Modality on Children's Higher-Order Concept Learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Podcasts are unique forms of unimodal modality because they include features like conversation, description, and sound effects to encourage audio engagement. Research shows that learners benefit from learning in two modalities (audio + visual) when information is complementary, not redundant. However, these previous studies used audio narration of text as auditory stimuli which differs from podcast formats. Do children learn from podcasts, and does providing supporting visual information affect learning? Children listened (or listened and viewed related images) to an 11-minute science podcast and answered recall and transfer questions. There was no effect of modality on children's learning, and children in both conditions performed above chance on transfer questions. Using a semantic textual similarity analysis, we show that children in the audiovisual condition do not incorporate visual information in their description of concepts. These results highlight the uniqueness of podcasts as a unimodal context that could benefit higher-order concept learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Concepts and categories; Learning"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tj5k4jp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Emily","middle_name":"M","last_name":"Neer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""},{"first_name":"Raymond","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shao","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""},{"first_name":"Catherine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sandhofer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24411/galley/14008/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24411/galley/21612/download/"}]},{"pk":24481,"title":"The Effect of Music on College Students' Stress Level and Cognitive Performance -- Perceived Pleasantness of Music Makes the Difference","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Prior research on the effects of acoustic music on stress reduction and cognitive performance has produced inconsistent results. This study investigated this relationship by conducting a within-subject experiment involving fifty five college students. The experiment involved playing acoustic music during assessment tasks and measuring changes in perceived stress levels and cognitive performance in music and non-music conditions. Results showed no significant one-way impacts of acoustic music on stress levels or cognitive performance. However, the effect of music on stress levels mediated the relationship between perceived pleasantness of the music and change in cognitive performance in response to music. Listening to liked music may reduce stress, improving performance, while disliked music may increase stress to an optimal level, facilitating performance. Thus, the effect of music on performance depends on individual perceived pleasantness of the music. This study has implications for selecting music for specific purposes, such as relaxation or cognitive enhancement.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Psychology; Emotion; Music; Other"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rf350sg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Tsz-chung Ronald","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chan","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Hong Kong","department":""},{"first_name":"Ricky Van-yip","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tso","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Hong Kong","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24481/galley/21613/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24481/galley/14078/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24481/galley/21613/download/"}]},{"pk":24197,"title":"The Effect of Perceived vs. Factual Knowledge on Exploration","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Exploration and exploitation decision-making are crucial cognitive processes, often guided by an individual's knowledge state. The information gap theory posits that lesser knowledge enhances exploration, yet the differential impacts of factual versus perceived knowledge on exploration preferences are not thoroughly understood. This research aims to bridge this gap by independently manipulating factual and perceived knowledge to assess their separate effects on exploration behaviors. Through three studies, we discovered that individuals with less factual knowledge explored more intensely and for longer durations, but only when they were explicitly aware of their information gaps. Furthermore, our findings reveal that the perception of insufficient knowledge can trigger increased exploration, independent of the factual knowledge possessed. Our studies illuminate the significant impact of metacognitive states on exploration preferences, advancing our understanding of how people decide whether to explore or exploit.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Learning; Perception"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5f88k3wq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yijin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","department":""},{"first_name":"Huiying","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","department":""},{"first_name":"Stella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Christie","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24197/galley/13793/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24197/galley/21614/download/"}]},{"pk":24549,"title":"The Effect of Set Size on Long-Term-Memory Retrieval Times in Cued Recall","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Cognitive search processes are generally affected by the number of available items. We investigated if this also applies to long-term memory retrieval. Specifically, we explored the effect of set size on retrieval times of cued memories from long-term memory. Participants learned lists of word pairs that varied in the number and the semantic similarity of the pairs. An increase in set size resulted in slower retrieval times, indicating the influence of set size on memory retrieval efficiency. However, participants were faster in retrieving more semantically similar word pairs. These findings are consistent with a search-based model of retrieval, illustrating its sensitivity to the number of memory candidates, while highlighting the role of the quality of the cue in optimizing search performance. Furthermore, we established the validity of using similarity values based on Word2Vec embeddings by showing a high correlation with human similarity ratings and similar model results.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Cognitive architectures; Memory; Semantic memory; Comparative Analysis; Computational Modeling; Statistics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pq4m46q","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Susanne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Haridi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck School of Cognition","department":""},{"first_name":"Mirko","middle_name":"","last_name":"Thalmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"Helmholtz Institute","department":""},{"first_name":"Eric","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schulz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Helmholtz Institute","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24549/galley/21615/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24549/galley/14146/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24549/galley/21615/download/"}]},{"pk":24630,"title":"The effect of working memory demands on the neural correlates of prospective memory","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The role of working memory (WM) in maintaining, monitoring, and executing intended actions in prospective memory (PM) is debated in recent neuropsychological literature. In this study, WM load is manipulated twofold: in an ongoing n-back task (2-back vs. 3-back) and by the stimulus complexity of the cues (high vs. low). Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in 57 young adults were used to examine the neural correlates of strategic monitoring, maintaining intentions, and detecting PM cues. We observed faster and more accurate responses when the ongoing task is a 2-back and the complexity of the cues is low. The ERP results showed that increased activation during strategic monitoring and maintenance of the intention as the n in the n-back load was increased. In contrast, manipulation of stimulus complexity affected ERPs related to cue detection. In sum, these findings demonstrate, that different types of WM load manipulations affect distinct stages of PM.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Memory; Perception; Electroencephalography (EEG)"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xv3q5mr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ann-Kathrin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Beck","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniela","middle_name":"","last_name":"Czernochowski","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau","department":""},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lachmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexandra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hering","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tilburg University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24630/galley/21616/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24630/galley/14227/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24630/galley/18003/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24630/galley/21616/download/"}]},{"pk":24589,"title":"The effects of mindfulness meditation on peripersonal space","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Peripersonal space (PPS) is the multisensory representation of the near-body space. Several factors modulate PPS size and the sharpness of the boundary separating PPS and the far extrapersonal space, suggesting that PPS may be involved in the subjective experience and in the self-other representation. Such representations seem to be shaped by mindfulness meditation (MM); however, evidence on the effects of MM on PPS is limited. To test the hypothesis that MM modulates both PPS size and the sharpness of PPS boundary, we enrolled 26 non-meditators, who performed an audio-tactile task before and after a 15-minute guided focused attention meditation (FAM). Despite no changes of PPS size, after FAM we found a significantly reduced sharpness of PPS boundary, as if it dissolved. We suggest that the reduced separation between the self and the environment, reported by meditators in some phenomenological studies, may relate to the altered PPS sharpness.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Perception; Sensory Processing; Spatial cognition; Psychophysics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wm7w6pg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Riccardo","middle_name":"","last_name":"De Pastina","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Salvatore Gaetano","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chiarella","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Antonino","middle_name":"","last_name":"Raffone","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Luca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Simione","name_suffix":"","institution":"Università degli Studi Internazionali","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24589/galley/17746/download/"}]},{"pk":21356,"title":"The Effects of Musical Factors on the Perception of Auditory Illusions","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study delves into how various musical factors influence the experience of auditory illusions, building on Diana Deutsch's scale illusion experiments and subsequent studies. Exploring the interaction between scale mode and timbre, this study assesses their influence on auditory misperceptions, while also considering the impact of an individual's musical training and ability to discern absolute pitch. Participants were divided into non-musicians, musicians with absolute pitch, and musicians with relative pitch, and were exposed to stimuli modified across three scale modes (tonal, dissonant, atonal) and two timbres (same, different). The findings suggest that scale illusions occur less frequently with different timbres and vary with scale mode. Crucially, the absolute pitch ability appears to have a more significant impact on the perception of illusions than the duration of musical training. This research contributes to understanding the complex interplay between various factors in auditory perception and the mechanisms behind the experience of auditory illusions.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Art and Cognition; Music; Pattern recognition; Sensory Processing"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zj0f8sg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ahyeon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Choi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Seoul National University","department":""},{"first_name":"Younyoung","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Seoul National University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jeong Mi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Park","name_suffix":"","institution":"Seoul National University","department":""},{"first_name":"Kyogu","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lee","name_suffix":"","institution":"Seoul National University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21356/galley/10955/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21356/galley/21801/download/"}]},{"pk":24336,"title":"The Effects of Perspective Taking on Intellectual Humility and its Relationship to Confirmation Bias","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Intellectual humility (IH) is the ability to understand the limits of one's knowledge. It is important to maximize the benefits and mitigate the threats of IH. We explored the impact of perspective taking (PT) on IH and its connection to confirmation bias (CB). In a mixed pretest-posttest experiment with 174 participants randomly assigned to self- or other-perspective, IH was higher in the other-perspective (vs self-perspective). Also, exposure to other-perspective boosted IH (vs baseline) and exposure to self-perspective inhibited IH (vs baseline). Interestingly, IH was not correlated with CB, challenging the notion that IH is a protective factor against CB. The study illustrates a clear distinction between other- and self-perspective and their impact on IH. Practicing other-perspective, allows to transcend from one's egocentric views, fostering IH. While self-perspective, reinforces egocentric views, leading to intellectual arrogance. Lastly, both intellectually humble and arrogant are susceptible to CB, emphasizing the need for more research.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Perception; Social cognition"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nw6c2xp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Foivos","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kotsogiannis","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American College of Greece, Deree","department":""},{"first_name":"Ioanna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Spentza","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American College of Greece","department":""},{"first_name":"Chrysanthi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nega","name_suffix":"","institution":"The American College of Greece","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24336/galley/13933/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24336/galley/21619/download/"}]},{"pk":24734,"title":"The Effects of Repetition on Truth Judgments and Confidence for Statements with Different Truth Values","subtitle":null,"abstract":"People tend to judge repeated information as more veridical, referred to as the Illusory Truth Effect (ITE). While recent findings show that the effect is still observed when we ‚Äúknow better‚Äù, how episodic experiences influence ITE and how metacognitive judgment (i.e. subjective confidence) of one's response changes with repetition remains unclear. To address this question participants watched a video and then judged the truth value of statements about the video, presented in varied repetitions (0,1,4). We compared truth and confidence judgments of repeated items that were false, true, or unknowable. We found that for true statements repetition increased confidence and truth judgments. For false items, it increased only confidence leaving truth judgments unaffected. Conversely for unknowable items, repetition increased truth judgments but not confidence. These results suggest that based on information's congruence with memory references, its repetition impacts truth and confidence judgments differentially.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Decision making; Memory; Social cognition"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6z22p63j","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Derin Eda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Saniz Balderrama","name_suffix":"","institution":"Koç University","department":""},{"first_name":"Terry","middle_name":"","last_name":"Eskenazi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Koç University","department":""},{"first_name":"Esra","middle_name":"","last_name":"Oƒüuz Ta≈üba≈ü","name_suffix":"","institution":"29 Mayis University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24734/galley/21620/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24734/galley/14332/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24734/galley/18190/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24734/galley/21620/download/"}]},{"pk":21339,"title":"The Effects of Stress and Anxiety in Technology-Based Learning Environments","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Emotions, including stress and anxiety, strongly influence cognition and learning experiences. This study investigates the impacts of stress on cognitive load during learning, considering baseline anxiety levels and fluctuating stress. With a focus on technology-based learning, a web-based HTML introduction module was used. Using a social stress test, 15 participants underwent a stressful situation during learning, while the control group of 15 were in a neutral condition. Results indicate significantly elevated stress levels in the experimental group throughout the experiment, with a corresponding decrease in learning performance. For high perceived difficulty, the stressed condition demonstrated a significant increase in response time compared to the control condition. In contrast, when experiencing low perceived difficulty, a significant difference in response time across conditions was not found. Findings emphasise the importance of managing stress in educational contexts to optimise learning outcomes in the evolving landscape of technology-based learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Emotion; Human-computer interaction; Learning; Statistics"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6b84b33b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Maliha","middle_name":"Naushad","last_name":"Mian","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of New South Wales","department":""},{"first_name":"Gelareh","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mohammadi","name_suffix":"","institution":"UNSW","department":""},{"first_name":"Nadine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marcus","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of New South Wales","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21339/galley/10938/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21339/galley/21784/download/"}]},{"pk":24796,"title":"The Emergence of Utility from Episodic Memory in a Model of Decision-Making Under Risk","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This research explores computational models of decision-making under risk. Our models replace the conventional utility function with an episodic memory retrieval process, dynamically estimating utility by recalling past events. Rather than beginning deliberation with explicit knowledge of choice outcome utilities, the value of an outcome emerges from the stochastic recall of related past experiences. In order to reflect both the cognitive and neural dynamics of episodic recall during decision making, our approach incorporates a computational neuroscience model of the hippocampus. Comparisons between this account and previously published decision-making models demonstrate consistency with patterns of behavior captured by those models, while also making predictions concerning the specific effects of contextually cued memory retrieval. We also propose explorations involving the modeling of interactions between the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex with the goal of shedding light on the neural basis of deliberation.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Decision making; Memory; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4hd0p9pf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sullivan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Merced","department":""},{"first_name":"Hoshmand","middle_name":"","last_name":"Malaie","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Merced","department":""},{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Noelle","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Merced","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24796/galley/21621/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24796/galley/14394/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24796/galley/18251/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24796/galley/21621/download/"}]},{"pk":24482,"title":"The Extracted Mind","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Since Clark and Chalmers unleashed the extended mind in 1998, a relentless dispute between propagators of extended cognition and guardians of bounded cognition evolved. Their dispute on whether organism‚Äìenvironment relations constitutively extend the location of cognition might reach a new turning point if we look at advanced tools and technologies. A third contender can be proposed which mounts an even stronger critique than bounded cognition by foreseeing the possibility of cognitive and mental extraction of certain states, processes and skills toward such external tools. Additional extraction criteria defeat externalistic conditions for such scenarios and they establish how cognition is usually bounded but potentially extractable away from its core. This third hypothesis may thereby even enchain the extracted mind. Theoretical, practical and ethical arguments originally developed for extended cognition can be redesigned for the hypothesis of extracted cognition.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Philosophy; Externally-supported cognition; Human-computer interaction; Situated cognition"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nf7f5rg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Louis","middle_name":"","last_name":"Loock","name_suffix":"","institution":"Osnabrück University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24482/galley/21622/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24482/galley/14079/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24482/galley/21622/download/"}]},{"pk":24107,"title":"The Face of a Character called Gmork","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We used cross-modal generative AI models, which rely on the\nContrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) encoder, to\ngenerate portraits of fictional characters based on their names.\nWe then studied to what extent image generation captures\nnames' gender and age connotations when information from\nlinguistic distribution is rich and informative (talking names,\ne.g., Bolt), present but possibly uninformative (real names,\ne.g., John), and absent (made-up names, e.g., Arobynn). Three\npre-trained Computer Vision classifiers for each attribute ex-\nhibit reliable agreement in classifying generated images, also\nfor made-up names. We further show a robust correlation\nbetween the classifiers' confidence in detecting an attribute\nand the ratings provided by participants in an online survey\nabout how suitable each name is for characters bearing a cer-\ntain attribute. These models and their learning strategies can\nshed light on mechanisms that support human learning of non-\narbitrary form-meaning mappings.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Natural Language Processing; Semantics; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jt0d5cv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Marco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bragoni","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tilburg University","department":""},{"first_name":"Giovanni","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cassani","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tilburg University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24107/galley/13701/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24107/galley/21623/download/"}]},{"pk":24779,"title":"The facilitating effect of generics on inductive reasoning in 3 to 5 years old children: interindividual variability and domain-specificity","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Category-based induction in the food domain is of key importance to generalize food knowledge to new instances of food and therefore to enlarge children's dietary repertoire. Generics are well known linguistic cues for boosting induction in young children because they facilitate the access to pieces of conceptual knowledge. However, we hypothesized that some children could not benefit from this facilitating effect of generics because they are equipped with a poor system of conceptual knowledge about food. These children are those exhibiting intense food neophobia disposition (i.e. the fear of novel food). In experiment 1, 4-6 years old children (n=137) were asked to complete an induction task adapted from Gelman, 2002 depicting properties in two conditions (i.e., generics vs specific quantifiers). In experiment 2 (ongoing) we followed a similar procedure, except that we used conflicting triads paradigm. Our preliminary results confirmed that food neophobia hindered the facilitating effect of generics.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Cognitive development; Language understanding; Reasoning"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0b04t3tg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sabrina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Boulkour","name_suffix":"","institution":"Université de Bourgogne","department":""},{"first_name":"Jean-Pierre","middle_name":"","last_name":"Thibaut","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté","department":""},{"first_name":"Lafraire","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jérémie","name_suffix":"","institution":"Institut Paul Bocuse","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24779/galley/21624/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24779/galley/14377/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24779/galley/18234/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24779/galley/21624/download/"}]},{"pk":21324,"title":"The Fundamental Flexibility of Abstract Words","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In this Symposium we link different perspectives and traditions of research on language and concepts in the cognitive sciences to better understand the process of abstraction from the social-interactive standpoint. In contrast to the usual benefits of abstraction ‚Äì such as the ability to categorize and generalize ‚Äì we underscore the possibility of abstract concepts and words to remain underspecified, ‚Äúopen to the context, the suggestions of others‚Äù (Borghi, 2023) or to processes of real-time negotiations (Christiansen & Chater, 2022). This is enabled by their largely non-perceptual rela-tional character (Gentner, 2005) and by the fact that they arise in cognitive systems continually embedded and active in their environments (Cisek 1999; Mannella & Tummolini 2023).","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Concepts and categories; Interactive behavior; Language and thought; Language understanding"}],"section":"Symposia","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vk753xf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joanna","middle_name":"","last_name":"RƒÖczaszek-Leonardi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warsaw","department":""},{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Borghi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Nick","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chater","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warwick","department":""},{"first_name":"Morten","middle_name":"H.","last_name":"Christiansen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Aarhus University","department":""},{"first_name":"Chiara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fini","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Dedre","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gentner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University","department":""},{"first_name":"Angelo Mattia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gervasi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"C","last_name":"King","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern University","department":""},{"first_name":"Francesco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mannella","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Research Council","department":""},{"first_name":"Claudia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mazzuca","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Luca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tummolini","name_suffix":"","institution":"National Research Council of Italy","department":""},{"first_name":"Julian","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zubek","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warsaw","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21324/galley/10923/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21324/galley/15688/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21324/galley/21769/download/"}]},{"pk":21411,"title":"The Hair Club for Boys: How children and adults judge disparate impact rules","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Disparate impact rules are formally neutral but indirectly discriminate against protected groups (i.e., by targeting a characteristic that is more prevalent in a given group). Because these rules are not obviously malicious, they have been widely enacted to circumvent policies against explicit discrimination. In a series of four experiments, we show that adults and children are sensitive to the moral implications of disparate impact rules. However, we also find that they are more accepting of these rules when strong justification is provided, compared to rules with no justification. Crucially, demographic differences also impact people's judgments of disparate impact rules and their creators. We find that conservatives and those from groups not directly affected by the rule tend to be more accepting of it. By studying people's reasoning about disparate impact rules, this work aims to identify the mechanisms by which these rules may evade detection. Finally, we discuss how these insights may inform the development of interventions that highlight the problematic effects of indirectly discriminatory policies.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Reasoning; Social cognition; Statistical learning"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3c22d3gn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aarthi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Popat","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jamie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Amemiya","name_suffix":"","institution":"Occidental College","department":""},{"first_name":"Gail","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Heyman","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC San Diego","department":""},{"first_name":"Caren","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Walker","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California San Diego","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21411/galley/11010/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21411/galley/21856/download/"}]},{"pk":21564,"title":"The human visual system encodes multiple mutually exclusive categories of cause and effect interaction","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Causal perception' describes the phenomenon wherein certain interactions between objects are automatically and irresistibly experienced as involving cause and effect. Previous work using retinotopically-specific visual adaptation paradigms has provided evidence that there is at least one specific causal event, 'launching', which is identified sufficiently early in visual processing that the visual system still operates using the surface of the retina as its frame of reference. Here, we demonstrate that there are in fact multiple 'causal perceptions', such that the visual system also detects a category of event described as 'entraining'. Using a novel ambiguous 'launch/push' display, we find that adapting to launching events leads to more ‚Äòpushing' reports, while adapting to entraining events leads to more 'launching' reports, and that these adaptation effects only occur for test events presented to the same location on the retina as the adaptation stream (i.e., are retinotopically specific). We discuss the implications of this finding for future work on causal perception and cognition.","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Event cognition; Perception; Vision"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d68d5rp","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jonathan","middle_name":"F.","last_name":"Kominsky","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central European University","department":""},{"first_name":"Katharina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wenig","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central European University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21564/galley/11163/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21564/galley/14640/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21564/galley/21625/download/"}]},{"pk":24685,"title":"The Impact of COVID infection on Cognition in 6-12 Year Old Children","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Long COVID is defined as the persistence of COVID-19 symptoms for more than 12 weeks following infection (NICE, 2022). This condition is estimated to affect nearly 2 million people in the UK (ONS, 2023). Long COVID patients experience symptoms affecting multiple organ systems (Davis et al., 2023; Raveendran et al., 2021) including the CNS, and Cognitive symptoms (Davis et al., 2021; Guo et al., 2022a) and deficits (Guo et al., 2022b; Hampshire et al., 2021) have been demonstrated in adult sufferers. Despite the condition occurring in 13% of children who contract COVID-19 (NICE, 2022) there is little research on the cognitive impacts of Long COVID in pediatric samples. This study explores memory (item- and associative) and language (semantic and syntactic) across 80 6-12 year olds with and without history of covid infection, relating these to parent-reported cognitive symptoms including brain fog and short-term memory problems.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Development; Language understanding; Memory; Clinical methods; Developmental analysis; Survey"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nt5n5tf","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lucy","middle_name":"G","last_name":"Cheke","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Sabine","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yeung","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Seraphina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Emma","middle_name":"JL","last_name":"Weisblatt","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Mirjana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bozic","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Zoe","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hemsley","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""},{"first_name":"Panyuan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Guo","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24685/galley/21626/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24685/galley/14283/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24685/galley/18107/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24685/galley/21626/download/"}]},{"pk":24366,"title":"The impact of Inter Stimulus Interval on Semantic Priming: hysteresis or adaptation? A SOM neural network model","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Recent results show that 18 months old infants are sensitive\nto taxonomic relations and that, similarly to adults, these relations are modulated by Inter Stimulus Interval. A very influential proposal in the distributed representations literature explains the impact of ISI on semantic priming as the result of a\nphenomenon called hysteresis. Here we propose that the same\nresults could also be explained by the opposite phenomenon of\nadaptation. The existence of two possible explanations calls\nfor more experiments to understand if hysteresis or adaptation\ncan explain the role of ISI on semantic priming.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Cognitive development; Language development; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jw7g215","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Valentina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gliozzi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Torino","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24366/galley/13963/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24366/galley/21627/download/"}]},{"pk":21579,"title":"The Impact of Mask Use on Face Recognition in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Through comparing autistic and non-autistic adults in learning and recognizing masked faces, we found that although autistic participants generally had poorer face recognition performance than matched controls, the two groups were similarly impaired by mask use. Nevertheless, when viewing masked faces during learning, they showed reduced tendency to look at the eyes and reduced change in eye movement consistency as compared with controls; this was not observed during recognition. Across participants, selective attention ability and flexibility to change face scanning behavior according to mask conditions were two important factors accounting for individual differences in performance. Interestingly, autistic spectrum quotient accounted for additional variance when recognizing masked faces learned also with a mask, suggesting additional influence from one's autistic traits that could have impacted face learning experience during development. Our findings have important implications for identifying vulnerable populations whose face recognition ability may be particularly affected by mask use.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Face Processing; Perception; Eye tracking"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6j45t73d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yueyuan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zheng","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Hong Kong","department":""},{"first_name":"Weiyan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liao","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Hong Kong","department":""},{"first_name":"Ricky Van-yip","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tso","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Hong Kong","department":""},{"first_name":"Janet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hsiao","name_suffix":"","institution":"Hong Kong University of Science & Technology","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21579/galley/11178/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21579/galley/21972/download/"}]},{"pk":21641,"title":"The Impact of Spatiotemporal Calibration on Sense of Embodiment and Task Performance in Teleoperation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In teleoperation, the spatiotemporal calibration of the system can significantly impact both performance and user experience, which may not necessarily be causally linked. This study asks if Sense of Embodiment (SoE) varies with spatiotemporal calibration of a teleoperated system, which in turn affects task performance. Most SoE studies are passive and they do not represent a great paradigm to study the impact of calibration on SoE in active teleoperation. Therefore, we designed an active RHI in mixed reality where we manipulated both the spatial calibration (shifts) and visuo-proprioceptive synchronicity (temporal delay). We investigated if this manipulation affected performance, proprioceptive mapping, SoE and the perception of the setup as a mediator. The results suggest a potential direct influence of SoE on task performance, particularly through enhanced calibration due to synchronicity, indicating potential benefits for sustained usage. Additionally, SoE is explored comprehensively, employing multiple tests assessing implicit and explicit dimensions of calibration.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Embodied Cognition; Human-computer interaction; Sensory Processing; Spatial cognition; UX"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jx064x6","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Falcone","name_suffix":"","institution":"Vassar College","department":""},{"first_name":"Jordan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Taylor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Princeton University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21641/galley/11240/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21641/galley/14549/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21641/galley/22049/download/"}]},{"pk":21396,"title":"The impact of speakers' multimodal behaviours on adults' learning of semantic information: A corpus-based investigation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Adults often learn new semantic information in face-to-face communication with other adults (e.g., teachers, colleagues). More knowledgeable individuals provide an ensemble of multimodal behaviours that can shape the information that their interlocutors learn. Using the naturalistic ECOLANG corpus of dyadic conversations, we ask whether multimodal behaviours (pitch, speaking rate, representational gestures, points, object manipulations, and gaze) support adults' semantic learning of unknown objects above and beyond verbal properties of utterances (number of utterances, lexical diversity, mean length of utterances, concreteness) and learners' individual differences (vocabulary, working memory). We found that individual differences, pointing and object manipulations affected learning, with verbal and multimodal factors also interacting to predict adult semantic learning. Our results highlight the relevance of accounts of multimodal learning in adulthood and the importance of considering naturalistic interaction in its complexity to understand the factors that influence adult learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Language understanding; Learning; Semantic memory; Corpus studies"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qb756nh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"","last_name":"Edwards","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""},{"first_name":"Francesco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cabiddu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""},{"first_name":"Harriet","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hill-Payne","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""},{"first_name":"Quitterie","middle_name":"","last_name":"D'Estalenx","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Exeter","department":""},{"first_name":"Ed","middle_name":"","last_name":"Donnellan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""},{"first_name":"Yan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Essex","department":""},{"first_name":"Gabriella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Vigliocco","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21396/galley/10995/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21396/galley/21841/download/"}]},{"pk":21336,"title":"The Impact of Teachers' Multimodal Cues on Students' L2 Vocabulary Learning in Naturalistic Classroom Teaching","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We investigated the impact of teachers' multimodal cues on L2 word learning in naturalistic teaching. 169 university students randomly watched 12 of 54 clips of English vocabulary instructions and took subsequent word recognition and learning tests. The learning outcomes were analysed as a function of teachers' prosodic, linguistic and gestural input during the instruction of each vocabulary while controlling for students' characteristics and varying teachers' influences. Results showed that a shorter mean length of utterances, fewer L2 English words, and more questions for students and ‚Äúphrase‚Äù teaching predicted better learning outcomes. Furthermore, students learning improved with teachers' slower speaking rate but fewer pauses and more iconic gestures. These results were robust even after controlling for other significant factors such as students' English proficiency, working memory, degree of liking of teachers and different teachers. Overall, multimodal cues enhance L2 vocabulary learning, with implications for educators, linguists, and cognitive scientists.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Linguistics; Psychology; Language learning; Speech recognition; Gesture analysis; Statistics"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jg192cm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jing","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Auckland University of Technology","department":""},{"first_name":"Yan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Essex","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21336/galley/10935/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21336/galley/21781/download/"}]},{"pk":21451,"title":"The (in)efficiency of within-language variation in online communities","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We conduct a large-scale study of online community variation in language. We show that factors of efficient communication, which have been shown to drive crosslinguistic variation in lexical semantic systems, also play a role in within-language variation across 1926 English-language Reddit communities. We study variation in stancetaking behaviour, a domain where efficient communication may be influenced by social motivations for language use. We find that communities indeed have efficient stancetaking systems, particularly with respect to their own communicative needs. However, contrasting with crosslinguistic work, we find that communities are often not optimized for their needs. Moreover, we find that community-level social factors correlate with how optimized they are. These results highlight the importance of accounting for social pressures for language use when studying how efficient communication drives variation.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Computer Science; Linguistics; Semantics; Computational Modeling; Social media analysis"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1t34t2fd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jai","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aggarwal","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Julia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Watson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Prabuddha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Senapati","name_suffix":"","institution":"University Of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Suzanne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stevenson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21451/galley/11050/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21451/galley/21896/download/"}]},{"pk":24615,"title":"The influence of agency and affordances on visual anticipation: Insights from the representational momentum paradigm","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The sense of agency (SoA) refers to the experience of controlling one's actions and their effects, while representational momentum (RM) denotes a bias in the perceived trajectory of a moving object induced by one's anticipation of movement. Research in cognitive science suggests that control over action modulates anticipative mechanisms. In the present study, we question the influence of SoA on RM. Participants viewed two dots, one of which moved horizontally on the screen. Its movement was either triggered by the computer or by participants. In the former case, participants either could freely choose or were commanded on which dot to trigger. Additionally, given the role of affordances in motor control and movement perception, we tested the effect of adding a tunnel through which the dot could pass. The results showed that agency and affordances influenced movement anticipation with no interaction between the two. Freedom of choice yielded no difference.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Action; Behavioral Science; Perception; Predictive Processing; Psychophysics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90w1s7j4","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Pierre-Adams","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ouattara Oulé","name_suffix":"","institution":"Université Paris-Saclay","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexis","middle_name":"","last_name":"Le Besnerais","name_suffix":"","institution":"Université Paris-Saclay","department":""},{"first_name":"Elise","middle_name":"","last_name":"Prigent","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universuté Paris-Saclay","department":""},{"first_name":"Ouriel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Grynszpan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Université Paris-Saclay","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24615/galley/17974/download/"}]},{"pk":24810,"title":"The influence of alcohol-specific episodic memory and cue exposure on value-based decision-making and its role in ad libitum drinking","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Experimentally manipulating alcohol value reliably influences alcohol choice and consumption; however, the cognitive mechanisms that underpin these relationships are not well-understood. Here, we explore whether computational parameters of value-based decision-making (VBDM) change when people experience heightened craving to consume alcohol, and whether parameters of VBDM are predictive of actual drinking behaviour. Prior to completing a novel VBDM task, participants recalled either a positive drinking memory while being exposed to an alcoholic cue (alcohol craving), or a positive alcohol-unrelated memory while being exposed to a soft-drink cue (control). A drift-diffusion model (DDM) was fitted to reaction time and choice data to estimate evidence accumulation (EA) processes and response thresholds during the different blocks in each experimental condition. Subsequently, ad libitum alcohol consumption (disguised as a taste test) was measured. Using computational modelling techniques to quantify the internal processes of decision-making could potentially contribute to identifying innovative targets for treatment interventions.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Mood; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3h82z9wn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Amber","middle_name":"","last_name":"Copeland","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Sheffield","department":""},{"first_name":"Tom","middle_name":"","last_name":"Stafford","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Sheffield","department":""},{"first_name":"Matt","middle_name":"","last_name":"Field","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Sheffield","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24810/galley/21629/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24810/galley/14408/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24810/galley/18265/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24810/galley/21629/download/"}]},{"pk":24029,"title":"The Influence of Emotional Narrative Context on Word Learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"People learn new words in narrative contexts. Little is known about the influence of the emotional valence of the text on word learning. In a pre-registered experiment, we investigated whether emotional narrative context shapes word learning. English adults (N = 76) read 30 novel adjectives embedded in 60 short narratives (20 positive, 20 negative, and 20 neutral valence). Post-tests assessed learning (immediate and 24 hours later) and examined whether the valence of the novel words can be inferred from contextual valence. Compared to the neutral context, emotional contexts (both positive and negative) facilitated word form learning in the immediate post-tests, but only negative emotion words were recognized better 24 hours later. Furthermore, the valence of the context was reflected in the word meanings participants generated for each novel word. These findings are discussed with reference to theories of affective embodiment and its implications for supporting the learning of abstract concepts.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Embodied Cognition; Emotion; Language learning; Memory; Reading"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jz5h472","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yuzhen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dong","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Matthew HC","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mak","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warwick","department":""},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hepach","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Kate","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nation","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24029/galley/13623/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24029/galley/21630/download/"}]},{"pk":24472,"title":"The influence of global context and classifier-noun congruency on Chinese predictive sentence processing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Accumulative behavioural and electrophysiological evidence has demonstrated the effects of sentence context on word processing. However, there is insufficient research investigating both global and local effects during processing. A Chinese classifier can select or exclude some nouns, and it is obligatorily used with numerals or demonstratives (e.g., ‚Äúthis‚Äù and ‚Äúthat‚Äù) to specify the quantity of an object or identify particular objects. There is no study that manipulated the congruency of Chinese classifiers to look at this local effect on processing the head nouns. In this study, we employed the EEG technique to investigate the prenominal prediction effect and, more importantly, to look at whether an incongruent classifier is strong enough to disconfirm a prediction generated by a highly constraining sentence. Highly constraining sentences were built and tested through a probability pre-test, and the probabilities of congruent head nouns of the sentences are all above 50%. We manipulated the congruency between global sentence context and head nouns, as well as the congruency between classifiers and head nouns in those highly constraining Chinese sentences using a two-by-two factorial design. The results revealed that the semantic and grammatical features of highly predicted nouns can be pre-activated prior to the bottom-up input of the head nouns. This effect is already visible at the classifier position as the N400 amplitude of an incongruent classifier is larger than that of a congruent classifier. In addition, both global sentence context and local classifier-noun congruency significantly influence head noun processing to the extent that neither factor exhibits overwhelming strength over the other, as indicated by the N400 amplitudes of the head nouns. Furthermore, both global and local information can be integrated during early lexical processing.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Language understanding; Predictive Processing; Electroencephalography (EEG)"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12f297n3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Zhenlin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""},{"first_name":"Leticia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pablos Robles","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""},{"first_name":"Niels","middle_name":"O.","last_name":"Schiller","name_suffix":"","institution":"City University of Hong Kong","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24472/galley/21631/download/"}]},{"pk":24330,"title":"The Influence of Social Information and Presentation Interface on Aesthetic Evaluations","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We make aesthetic judgments on a daily basis. While we think of these judgments as highly personal, they are often shaped by social context. This poses a computational problem: how do we combine social information and our individual judgments to produce a single evaluation? In this study, we examine social influence on aesthetic evaluations in online transmission chain experiments. We test not only the effect of social information, but also variation in effect depending on how information is presented--echoing the variety of interfaces we encounter in naturalistic cases. \nWe find that social information significantly affects ratings across interfaces.\nMoreover, people tend to rely more heavily on their own judgment than on social information, compared to an ideally noise-reducing model for combining multiple signals. These results offer detailed insight into the formation of aesthetic judgment and suggest the need for extended investigation into social influence on subjective judgments more broadly.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Aesthetics; Social cognition; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tm9m4g9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yoko","middle_name":"","last_name":"Urano","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics","department":""},{"first_name":"Raja","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marjieh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Princeton University","department":""},{"first_name":"Tom","middle_name":"","last_name":"Griffiths","name_suffix":"","institution":"Princeton University","department":""},{"first_name":"Nori","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jacoby","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24330/galley/13927/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24330/galley/21632/download/"}]},{"pk":24287,"title":"The Influence of Stimulus Type on Language Processing in Comprehension","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Numbers and pictures are the two most frequently used types of experimental stimuli in bilingual language control studies. However, the potential qualitative differences in the representation and processing of these stimuli could involve the recruitment of divergent cognitive mechanisms. This paper investigates the influence of stimulus type (numbers vs pictures) on language processing in bilingual comprehension, specifically examining whether semantic connections between numbers impact language switching. We tested Chinese-English-Spanish trilinguals in two cross-modal matching tasks (i.e., a picture-word matching task and a magnitude-number matching task) in the context of the n-2 language switching paradigm. Contrary to the n-2 repetition cost observed in previous studies employing the same paradigm, our findings reveal an n-2 repetition benefit. Crucially, the n-2 repetition effect was observed only with numbers. We discuss the findings in relation to the prevalent language control mechanisms and how lexical associations between numbers may give rise to the observed difference.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Language understanding; Multilingualism; Natural Language Processing; Statistics"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5dh6m2wq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hong","middle_name":"","last_name":"Liu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","department":""},{"first_name":"Adel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chaouch-Orozco","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24287/galley/13883/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24287/galley/21633/download/"}]},{"pk":21449,"title":"The Interpretation of Ambiguous \"They\": Children and Adults Pattern Together","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The recent upswing in both use and acceptance of they/them as a singular pronoun has led to it becoming potentially ambiguous between singular and plural interpretations in cases like ‚ÄúAlex went running with Liz. They fell down‚Äù in which Alex is known to use they/them pronouns. The current work uniquely investigates how children interpret they in these ambiguous cases. Specifically, 5-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and an adult control group underwent a partial replication of Arnold et al. (2021), wherein they answered comprehension questions regarding a series of two-sentence stories. Results show that children can successfully map the pronoun they onto a singular individual when there are no plural competitors and that they interpret ambiguous they similarly to adults, although 5-year-olds interpret this pronoun as singular more often than 8-year-olds. These findings indicate that older children potentially undergo a form of overregularization of they due to grammatical rules enforced at school.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Language development; Language understanding; Developmental analysis; Discourse Analysis"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06z4v858","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Baird","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto","department":""},{"first_name":"Emily","middle_name":"","last_name":"Atkinson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Toronto Mississauga","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21449/galley/11048/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21449/galley/21894/download/"}]},{"pk":24721,"title":"The key property of frequency distributions that facilitates linguistic rule generalisation is long-tailedness","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Generalisation of a linguistic rule can be facilitated by certain distributional characteristics. Previous work has shown that a rule is better generalised if it applies to items that (i) follow a skewed frequency distribution, or (ii) follow a uniform frequency distribution over many distinct item types. These two observations cannot be unified under explanations of rule generalisation that are based on entropy of the frequency distributions (since skewed distributions have low entropy, while a greater type count increases the entropy), nor explanations that focus on one highly-frequent type providing a basis for analogical extension (since all types in uniform distributions are equally frequent). Using an artificial language learning experiment and an agent-based model, we show that participants' generalisation behaviour is best matched by a model encoding preferential generalisation of rules containing long-tailed distributions‚Äîthat is, containing a greater number of low-frequency types.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Language learning; Syntax; Agent-based Modeling; Computer-based experiment"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/52j637b7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elizabeth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pankratz","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Edinburgh","department":""},{"first_name":"Simon","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kirby","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Edinburgh","department":""},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Culbertson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Edinburgh","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24721/galley/21634/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24721/galley/14319/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24721/galley/18175/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24721/galley/21634/download/"}]},{"pk":21629,"title":"The Language of an Empathy-Inducing Narrative","subtitle":null,"abstract":"While ample work has examined how to increase empathy within situational contexts, little research has focused on how the language used to communicate with others may elicit empathy. Here, we investigate how (Study 1) the degree of a narrator's culpability and (Study 2) narrative framing of personal narratives (focusing on experienced sensations, emotions, or neither) affects feelings of empathy reported by listeners. Across our two studies, 901 participants read narratives describing common life events, rated their empathy towards the narrator, and were given an option to write a response to the narrator. Our findings indicate that people report less empathy towards narrators that caused their misfortune, although their written responses were more focused on the narrator. By contrast, however, highlighting sensory or emotional details in a narrative did not significantly impact the degree of empathy reported by listeners, yet still affected the language of responses produced by listeners.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Emotion; Empathy; Natural Language Processing"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7806b93h","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Emma","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gueorguieva","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Texas at Austin","department":""},{"first_name":"Tatiana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lau","name_suffix":"","institution":"Toyota Research Institute","department":""},{"first_name":"Eliana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hadjiandreou","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Texas at Austin","department":""},{"first_name":"Desmond","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ong","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of Texas at Austin","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21629/galley/11228/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21629/galley/14537/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21629/galley/22050/download/"}]},{"pk":24716,"title":"The Long-Term Impact of Cognitive Training on Risk-Reward Trade-Offs","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Decision-making often involves a trade-off between risks and rewards, for which humans are susceptible to biases. Cognitive training could facilitate these processes, but, for applicability outside the lab, it needs to persist over time. In this double-blind study, participants were split into treatment and control groups to complete a decision-making task involving monetary gambles. All participants completed pre-training (Day 1), training (Day 2-7), and several post-training sessions (up to 6 months). During training, one group was given feedback to promote risk-neutral choice (treatment), whereas the other merely practiced the task (control). Following training, choices in the treatment group were significantly more risk-neutral than in the control group (with no improvements), and this pattern was replicated up to 6 months without any top-up training. Computational modeling revealed a complex pattern of change in the feedback group ‚Äì whereby participants' initial risk preferences partially determined the effect of training on their post-training preferences.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Learning; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wb3r2jx","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ubiali","name_suffix":"","institution":"City, University of London","department":""},{"first_name":"Andreas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jarvstad","name_suffix":"","institution":"City, University of London","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24716/galley/21635/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24716/galley/14314/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24716/galley/18165/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24716/galley/21635/download/"}]},{"pk":24388,"title":"The Mere Reminder of Others: A Cognitive Modelling Approach to the Implicit Bystander Effect","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The bystander effect suggests that people are less likely to assist in an emergency when others are present. Traditional theoretical accounts attribute this effect to top-down reflective processes, such as the diffusion of responsibility. However, recent research has proposed a two-system approach, suggesting that an individual's initial response to an emergency is personal distress and avoidance, which is further amplified by the presence of bystanders. In this study, we embed the two-system approach into an evidence accumulation model and argue that a higher distress and avoidance response causes slower evidence accumulation. We conducted a reaction time experiment where participants got exposed to faces or control stimuli and had to judge if a scene was dangerous. Our results confirm our hypothesis: Individuals exposed to faces had slower evidence accumulation for dangerous decisions. These findings contribute to a mechanistic understanding of how the anticipated bystander presence can influence early reflexive reactions to emergencies.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Group Behaviour; Perception; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Statistics"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p71c47t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Chris","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Stolle","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lingnan University","department":""},{"first_name":"Yi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Huang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lingnan University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24388/galley/13985/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24388/galley/21636/download/"}]},{"pk":24690,"title":"The neural basis of Event Segmentation Theory during naturalistic perception: stable neural activity patterns throughout the cortex","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Our senses receive a continuous stream of complex information. According to Event Segmentation Theory (EST), we parse this information into meaningful events, allowing us to extract relevant information, remember it, and act upon it. Previous research has related these events to so-called ‚Äòneural states': temporally and regionally specific stable patterns of brain activity, which tend to coincide with events in the stimulus. Here we show that these neural states additionally align with stable features in a movie stimulus that are relevant to a specific brain region. This supports the idea that many brain areas across the cortex apply event segmentation in a hierarchical manner. Using intracranial measurements, we further investigate whether neural states are present at a much smaller timescale and how their characteristics correspond to EST. Our findings provide support for the idea that neural states could underlie the cognitive skill of event segmentation.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Other; Perception; Sensory Processing"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m03381n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Djamari","middle_name":"","last_name":"Oetringer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Donders Institute","department":""},{"first_name":"Dora","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gozukara","name_suffix":"","institution":"Donders Institute","department":""},{"first_name":"Umut","middle_name":"","last_name":"Guclu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Radboud University","department":""},{"first_name":"Linda","middle_name":"","last_name":"Geerligs","name_suffix":"","institution":"Radboud University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24690/galley/21637/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24690/galley/14288/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24690/galley/18116/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24690/galley/21637/download/"}]},{"pk":24940,"title":"The neural dynamics of sudden insight in social perception","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Inferring mental states from faces during social perception is sensitive to context and higher-level semantic information. This is vividly observed in captioned humor, like memes, where a single line can dramatically reshape scene perception and understanding. This EEG-study explores the real-time neural dynamics of these sudden insights in social perception. Across three experimental phases (pre-insight, insight, post-insight), 40 participants viewed images of 120 scenes showing public figures. During the insight phase, humorous captions (e.g., \"trying to set somebody on fire with his mind\") either matched or mismatched the following image (e.g., a politician, mid-speech, rubbing his temples). Comparing event-related potentials between trials with vs. without sudden insight revealed distinct changes in the N170, early posterior negativity (EPN), and N400 components from pre-insight to insight phase. These results link sudden, humorous insight in social perception to instant alterations in visual processing, fast affective responses, and higher-level semantic processing.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tq27214","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Martin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Maier","name_suffix":"","institution":"Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","department":""},{"first_name":"Rasha","middle_name":"","last_name":"Abdel Rahman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24940/galley/21638/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24940/galley/14507/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24940/galley/18150/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24940/galley/21638/download/"}]},{"pk":24705,"title":"The observation of giving induces infants to track individuals","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Recent evidence suggests that infants interpret giving as indicative of a relationship based on reciprocal exchange. Monitoring such a relationship requires tracking its participants irrespective of the role they occupy in a given interaction, as these are assumed to alternate over time. We explored this hypothesis in a label-mapping paradigm by testing whether 14-month-olds interpreted a trained label as referring to the features of an agent pointed at (a stable identity-tagging information) or to the action role it carried out (a temporary information). Across four eye-tracking experiments, infants consistently mapped the trained label onto the agent's features, when the agent gave a resource to someone. Superficial similar actions not resulting in social transfer (i.e., disposing of an object) did not induce such mapping. These findings suggest that the observation of giving highlighted identity-preserving information over transitory action roles, possibly due to the relational assumptions this action engendered.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Interactive behavior; Social cognition; Eye tracking"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3d22d9r3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Denis","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tatone","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central European University","department":""},{"first_name":"Gergely","middle_name":"","last_name":"Csibra","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central European University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jun","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ningbo University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24705/galley/21639/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24705/galley/14303/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24705/galley/18145/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24705/galley/21639/download/"}]},{"pk":21598,"title":"The optionality of complementizer ƒçto in Russian  ‚Äî a multifactorial analysis","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on a type of seemingly arbitrary alternation in modern Russian. Specifically, we investigate the phenomenon of Complementizer Omission, i.e. the alternation between the presence and absence of complementizer with regard to the factors that potentially exert an influence on the alternation in Russian. The choice of alternating pairs is statistically modeled with mixed-effects logistic regression. We find that the complementizer is more likely to be absent in Russian when the matrix subject is a first-or-second-person pronoun, the matrix predicate has a high frequency and the onset of the complement clause is non-ambiguous and non-informational. The findings align well with the Grammaticalization theory, according to which the distribution of complementizer is partially driven by certain types of combinations of matrix subjects and verbs that have become grammaticalized as epistemic markers. Moreover, we argue that the results provide weak support for ambiguity avoidance at the general syntactic level and that the Uniform Information Density account more fully explains the alternation than the Availability account. As in Jaeger and Norcliffe (2009), we propose that more cross-linguistic research should be done on syntactic alternations as \"even similar constructions may be processed differently in different languages\".","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Language Production; Corpus studies"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8mv820r0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yue","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Shanghai International Studies University","department":""},{"first_name":"Hao","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Shanghai International Studies University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21598/galley/11197/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21598/galley/21991/download/"}]},{"pk":21434,"title":"The Perils of Omitting Omissions when Modeling Evidence Accumulation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Choice deadlines are commonly imposed in decision-making research to incentivize speedy responses and sustained attention to the task settings. However, computational models of choice and response times routinely overlook this deadline, instead simply omitting trials past the deadline from further analysis. This choice is made under the implicit assumption that parameter estimation is not significantly affected by ignoring these omissions. Using new tools from likelihood-free inference, here we elucidate the degree to which omitting omissions, even in seemingly benign settings, can lead researchers astray. We explore the phenomenon using a Sequential Sampling Model (SSM) with collapsing boundaries as a test-bed.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling; Mathematical modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15p0g4mg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Xiamin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leng","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fengler","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""},{"first_name":"Amitai","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shenhav","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael J.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Frank","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21434/galley/11033/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21434/galley/21879/download/"}]},{"pk":24587,"title":"The Power of Linguistic Similarity for Unlocking Cooperation - Evidence from Syntax and Pitch Experiments","subtitle":null,"abstract":"How can we judge if conversation partners will be good cooperation partners in other tasks? A recent proposal is that low-level linguistic similarity such as subconsciously matching others' language use may be a signal of cooperativeness. To elucidate the mechanisms behind this relationship, we conducted two experiments, in which we found that conversation partners that matched the participants' syntax and pitch were perceived as more cooperative and were chosen more often as cooperation partners. Our findings further suggest that the sheer act of adapting to someone's linguistic production was not as crucial for choosing cooperation partners, even if it involved an initial cognitive investment. Rather, the decisive factor was sharing someone's linguistic preferences and thereby indicating group membership. This may have important implications for understanding cooperation partner choice and for understanding the (co-)evolution of language and cooperation, which both are traits that are particularly prominent in humans.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Behavioral Science; Evolution; Syntax; Computer-based experiment"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fb53102","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Theresa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Matzinger","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vienna","department":""},{"first_name":"Irene","middle_name":"","last_name":"Böhm","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vienna","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24587/galley/17742/download/"}]},{"pk":24608,"title":"The Pretesting Effect: Exploring the Impact of Feedback and Final Test Timing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The pretesting effect suggests that attempting and failing to guess unknown information can improve memory compared to errorless study. A key question is when it is the best moment to give feedback after testing. In this study, we explored two factors: (1) the timing of feedback after unsuccessful pretest, provided immediately or after 24 (Experiment 1) and 48 hours (Experiment 2); and (2) the timing of the final test after feedback, immediately or after 24 hours (Experiment 1). We assessed their impact on recall accuracy, comparing with an errorless (read-only) learning condition. Results showed superior accuracy for pretesting than read-only condition; for immediate feedback than delayed; and for immediate test than delayed. Furthermore, although smaller, there was still pretesting effect after 24 and 48 hours of feedback delay. This flexibility in timing could be particularly useful in educational settings where logistical constraints may force a delay in feedback or test.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Instruction and teaching; Learning; Memory; Statistics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5n2127q2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yeray","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mera","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU","department":""},{"first_name":"Nataliya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dianova","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU","department":""},{"first_name":"Eugenia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marin","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24608/galley/17961/download/"}]},{"pk":21502,"title":"The rationality of inferring causation from correlational language","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Recent work shows that participants make asymmetric causal inferences from apparently symmetric correlational statements (e.g., ‚ÄúA is associated with B‚Äù). Can we make sense of this behavior in terms of rational language use? Experiment 1 investigates these interpretive preferences‚Äîwhat we call ‚ÄúPACE effects‚Äù‚Äîin light of theoretical and experimental pragmatics and psycholinguistics. We uncover several linguistic factors that influence them, suggesting that a pragmatic explanation is possible. Yet, since PACE effects do not show that correlational language leads to causal implicatures strong enough to influence action choice in practical decision contexts, Experiment 2 offers new evidence from an experiment that explicitly compares the effects of causal vs. correlational claims on decision-making. Our results suggest that causal inferences from correlation language are an intricate, but possibly","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Language understanding; Pragmatics; Reasoning"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9p29w77n","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lassiter","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Edinburgh","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Franke","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Tübingen","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21502/galley/11101/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21502/galley/21947/download/"}]},{"pk":24556,"title":"The relationship between non-verbal alignment and cooperativeness in a game theory-based TV show","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Throughout evolutionary history, and in everyday lives, it has been a crucial task to identify good and reliable cooperation partners. A good way of assessing potential partners' quality and willingness is to engage in conversation with them. We investigated if non-verbal behaviours during such conversations can be reliable indicators of interactants' cooperativeness ‚Äì in contrast to the semantic content of utterances that can be easily faked. Specifically, we predicted that interactants who align in their use of non-verbal behaviours would also act more cooperatively in other tasks beyond the conversation. To test this, we analyzed gestures in the British TV game show Golden Balls, where contestants discussed and faced a game-theoretic decision to split or steal a monetary prize. Results suggest that individuals choosing to split indeed align their non-verbal behaviours more than those choosing to steal. This implies that subtle movements can serve as reliable indicators of trustworthy cooperation partners.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Interactive behavior; Other; Social cognition; Gesture analysis"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73d0p9qn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Klaudia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Karkowska","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","department":""},{"first_name":"Darya","middle_name":"","last_name":"Namednikava","name_suffix":"","institution":"Centre for Language Evolution Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus University","department":""},{"first_name":"Marek","middle_name":"","last_name":"Placi≈Ñski","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru≈Ñ","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pleyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru≈Ñ","department":""},{"first_name":"Theresa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Matzinger","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vienna","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24556/galley/21642/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24556/galley/14153/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24556/galley/21642/download/"}]},{"pk":24614,"title":"The rise and fall of social hierarchical systems: a cognitive and information theoretical model","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the cognitive processes underlying how and why trust in informational sources fluctuates. If information from experts and mainstream media is broadly more accurate than peer networks', why do we sometimes lose trust in experts? Counterintuitively, we often prefer information from authoritative sources, even if they become distrusted. We built a computational model of these dynamics. It includes a decision process sensitive to information processing costs and a learning process driven by prediction error minimization. We hypothesized that human information-processing biases could explain why experts are preferred as default sources of information and why their legitimacy is less resilient than peer networks' when both provide inaccurate information. We ran simulations over a wide range of parameters and found that the processing advantages of following experts can be outweighed by overreacting to their mistakes. This effect is higher when the environment is unstable and the epistemic authorities are biased.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Computer Science; Psychology; Social cognition; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kx8s32t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Maurício de Jesus","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dias Martins","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vienna","department":""},{"first_name":"Stefano","middle_name":"","last_name":"Palminteri","name_suffix":"","institution":"École normale supérieure","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24614/galley/17973/download/"}]},{"pk":24506,"title":"The role of anxiety in learning under uncertainty in social and non-social contexts","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Navigating social situations is complex due to others' hidden intentions and evolving strategies, requiring learning from past experiences. Anxiety complicates adaptation to uncertainty, especially in non-social settings. However, research on the anxiety's impact on learning within social uncertainty remains scarce. In a preregistered study (N = 190), we investigated whether individuals with higher trait anxiety struggled to adjust learning rates in a social context with stable or volatile outcomes utilizing various learning models (e.g., additive, multiplicative, betrayal). Participants engaged in a modified trust game with stable and volatile players, alongside a non-social task with slot machines. Participants showed higher learning rates in social than non-social contexts, with notably elevated social learning rates in individuals with heightened fear of negative evaluation (FNE)‚Äîa crucial trait linked to anxiety, especially social anxiety. This suggests individuals with increased FNE might be more sensitive to learning under social uncertainty.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Decision making; Emotion; Learning; Other; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1075s72r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Selin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Topel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""},{"first_name":"Ili","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ma","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""},{"first_name":"Henk","middle_name":"","last_name":"van Steenbergen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""},{"first_name":"Anna C. K.","middle_name":"","last_name":"van Duijvenvoorde","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""},{"first_name":"Ellen","middle_name":"","last_name":"de Bruijn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leiden University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24506/galley/21644/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24506/galley/14103/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24506/galley/21644/download/"}]},{"pk":21487,"title":"The role of counterfactual visibility in inference about absence","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We provide a generalized, normative model of visual detection that accounts for key asymmetries between decisions about presence and about absence. In our model, decisions about presence are made based on the visibility of presented stimuli, but decisions about absence are made based on counterfactual visibility: beliefs about the degree to which a stimulus would have been visible if present. Behavioral patterns in visual detection experiments under different levels of partial occlusion validate key model predictions. Specifically, we find that unlike decisions about presence, the confidence and speed of decisions about absence are largely independent of perceptual evidence, but are sensitive to the counterfactual visibility of absent stimuli. Finally, we reveal robust individual differences in counterfactual perception, with some participants systematically incorporating counterfactual visibility into perceptual decisions in a different fashion from others. We discuss implications for the varied and inferential nature of visual perception more broadly.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Perception; Predictive Processing; Reasoning"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4352x5v1","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Matan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mazor","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Rani","middle_name":"","last_name":"Moran","name_suffix":"","institution":"Queen Mary University of London","department":""},{"first_name":"Clare","middle_name":"","last_name":"Press","name_suffix":"","institution":"University College London","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21487/galley/11086/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21487/galley/21932/download/"}]},{"pk":21631,"title":"The Role of Episodic Memory in Storytelling: Comparing Large Language Models with Humans","subtitle":null,"abstract":"We compare storytelling in GPT-3.5, a recent large language model, with human storytelling. We hypothesized that GPT differs from humans in the kind of memories it possesses, and thus could perform differently on tasks influenced by memory, such as storytelling. We used an existing dataset of human stories, either recalled or imagined (Sap et al., 2022), and generated GPT stories with prompts designed to align with human instructions. We found that GPT's stories followed a common narrative flow of the story prompt (analogous to semantic memory in humans) more than details occurring in the specific context of the event (analogous to episodic memory in humans). Furthermore, despite lacking episodic details, GPT-generated stories exhibited language with greater word affect (valence, arousal, and dominance). When provided with examples of human stories (through few-shot prompting), GPT was unable to match its stories' narrative flow or affective aspects with human stories.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Emotion; Event cognition; Memory; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qw2q4gs","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Charlotte","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cornell","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rutgers University--New Brunswick","department":""},{"first_name":"Shuning","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rutgers University","department":""},{"first_name":"Qiong","middle_name":"","last_name":"Zhang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rutgers University - New Brunswick","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21631/galley/11230/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21631/galley/14539/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21631/galley/22051/download/"}]},{"pk":24597,"title":"The role of friendship in dynamic group coordination","subtitle":null,"abstract":"To fully grasp the underlying behavioral and neural processes of social cognition, it has been argued that interactive experimental paradigms and multi-person neuroimaging are needed. However, few studies have examined group interactions, beyond the dyad, as well as how higher-level social properties map onto coordination dynamics. Here, we investigated the role of friendship in group social coordination, by mapping student social networks, and recruiting groups of participants by manipulating their friendship strength. Participants were tasked with pressing their own individual pressure measuring (force) device to reach a designated target force together in groups of three (two friends, one non-friend), with or without live visual feedback, whilst three-person EEG hyperscanning was employed. Preliminary behavioral results indicate that lack of friendship with the other two participants results in greater force production relative to the other participants. We plan to explore the relationship between the social, behavioral, and neural dynamics.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Interactive behavior; Motor control; Social cognition; Electroencephalography (EEG)"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/381409ch","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Qianliang","middle_name":"","last_name":"Li","name_suffix":"","institution":"Technical University of Denmark","department":""},{"first_name":"Kyveli","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kompatsiari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Technical University of Denmark","department":""},{"first_name":"Aliaksandr","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dabranau","name_suffix":"","institution":"Technical University of Denmark","department":""},{"first_name":"Ivana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Konvalinka","name_suffix":"","institution":"Technical University of Denmark","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24597/galley/17758/download/"}]},{"pk":24255,"title":"The Role of Gender and Curriculum in Mental Rotation & Perspective Taking","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Spatial abilities and their developmental trajectory are an important part of human intelligence and have been the subject of numerous studies, including mental rotation and perspective taking. However, little is known about these processes in under-represented populations. Here we report a study on 10-year-old children in such a context who participated in four spatial tasks ‚Äì animal picture mental rotation, abstract figures mental rotation, memory for object location, and picture perspective taking. Results revealed no male advantage on any task, and better performance in the abstract figures task for girls following an alternative school program in mathematics. Furthermore, the analysis found no correlation between the mental rotation and perspective taking performance. Research on under-represented populations is an important drive towards greater generalizability of findings and conclusions.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Development; Spatial cognition"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mv1n0z7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Andonova","name_suffix":"","institution":"New Bulgarian University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24255/galley/13851/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24255/galley/21646/download/"}]},{"pk":24590,"title":"The Role of Hand Gestures on Emotional Intensity and Phenomenological Ratings of Autobiographical Narratives","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Gesturing helps cognitive load (Kita et al., 2017) and access to details in autobiographical memories (Aydin et al., 2023). We examined gestures' roles in narrating emotional autobiographical events in first (L1) and second language (L2), expecting (1) gesture use to increase phenomenological ratings (reliving, visual imagery, auditory imagery, and importance) of the events and emotional intensity in both languages and (2) the effect to be more prominent in L2 than L1, where cognitive load increases. Twenty-nine participants (Mage=21.24) narrated positive and negative events in L1-Turkish and L2-English. No difference between L1 and L2 was found in phenomenological and emotional intensity ratings controlling for English proficiency and current mood. Representational gestures predicted imagery for negative events in L1, and non-representational gestures predicted emotional intensity and reliving for negative events in L2. Representational gestures' recollecting and non-representational gestures' fluency-resolving functions might have increased phenomenological ratings, particularly for negative events.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Language and thought; Memory; Multilingualism"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7381f12m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"ibrahim","middle_name":"","last_name":"akkan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Koç University","department":""},{"first_name":"Cagla","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aydin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabanci University","department":""},{"first_name":"Sami","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gulgoz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Koc University","department":""},{"first_name":"Tilbe","middle_name":"","last_name":"Göksun","name_suffix":"","institution":"Koç University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24590/galley/17747/download/"}]},{"pk":24706,"title":"The role of interaction in online language learning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Social interaction plays a fundamental role in language acquisition. Although adult learners can acquire language through passive instruction, they also benefit from interaction. We asked whether these benefits are due to interaction providing information about communicative context. We designed an online interactive game where participants communicated in an artificial language with a computer partner. We contrasted 3 conditions: a fully interactive condition, a passive condition in which participants learned through passive exposure, and a third condition, in which participants were exposed to the language in context but without involvement in interaction. We found that interaction produced the best results, and that mere exposure to context did not help: even when tested interactively, passive learners did better than participants who had been exposed to, but not involved in, interaction. The main benefit of interaction therefore, at least in an online learning environment, is not merely to provide context for language use.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Interactive behavior; Language learning"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8s93n323","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Olga","middle_name":"","last_name":"Feher","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warwick","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24706/galley/21648/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24706/galley/14304/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24706/galley/18146/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24706/galley/21648/download/"}]},{"pk":24203,"title":"The Role of Salience in Multialternative Multiattribute Choice","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Attention plays a central role in multi-alternative multiat- tribute decision-making but the cognitive mechanisms for it are elusive (Yang & Krajbich, 2023; Molter, Thomas, Huet- tel, Heekeren, & Mohr, 2022; Trueblood, 2022). In this project, we explored the role of bottom-up attention by manipulating the salience of different options in a multi-alternative, multi-attribute choice display. Behaviorally, we observed that salience interacts with choice, where the salient option is selected more often, especially in quick decisions. Using computational modeling, we tested two different hypotheses for how salience impacts decision-making for different individuals. We tested (i) if salience created an initial bias in the decision-making process, and (ii) if salience impacted the comparisons that are made during the decision-making process. We find that there are large individual differences in the mechanism through which salience impacts choice. For many individuals, there was no impact of salience. However, for a sizable minority, salience created an initial boost in selecting the salient option. We do not find strong evidence for the impact of salience in the comparison process. In exploratory analyses, we observe that the impact of salience in decision-making is correlated with thinking styles. Our results indicate that salience-driven attention might impact decision-making in different ways for individuals.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Attention; Decision making; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jq8n5w9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Eeshan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hasan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trueblood","name_suffix":"","institution":"Indiana University Bloomington","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24203/galley/13799/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24203/galley/21649/download/"}]},{"pk":24791,"title":"The role of spatial knowledge in the on-line control of high-speed steering","subtitle":null,"abstract":"There is a long line of research that has investigated how different kinds of visual information (e.g. optic flow) guide high-speed steering. Additionally, researchers have developed visual control models that capture the relationship between information and steering. Although models have been designed for a variety of steering maneuvers, they all assume that steering behavior remains consistent whether a driver has driven down a road once or numerous times. Thus, models do not address how behavior changes as drivers become familiar with the layout of the road. Our work investigates how drivers incorporate visual information and spatial knowledge to guide steering . We present a virtual driving experiment that examines how steering changes as humans become more familiar with a track, measuring metrics including speed, steering angle, and lane deviation. Results inform the development of a cognitive model that captures the relationship between visual information and spatial knowledge to guide steering behavior.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Action; Perception; Spatial cognition; Vision; Psychophysics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ng2p7t3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Grace","middle_name":"","last_name":"Roessling","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","department":""},{"first_name":"Brett","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fajen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24791/galley/21650/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24791/galley/14389/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24791/galley/18246/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24791/galley/21650/download/"}]},{"pk":24633,"title":"The Role of Surprise in Memory: Assessing the Impact of Levels of Surprise on Children's Episodic Memory","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Expectations play a critical role in children's learning. Prior studies suggest that children selectively focus on and better remember details of expectation-violating events (Stahl & Feigenson, 2017; 2019). Yet, it remains unclear whether this enhanced memory persists across varying degrees (e.g., somewhat vs. very surprising) and types of expectation violations (core-knowledge vs. schema-based violations). Adapting a surprise storybook paradigm from Foster and Keane (2019), we measure children's (5-8 years; N=20) surprise and recognition memory for six stories that span different expectation-related domains and contain outcomes that are expectation-congruent, somewhat expectation-violating, or completely violating. While preliminary data revealed no significant difference in recognition accuracy by level of surprise, a trend towards better memory for violations of well-entrenched versus schema-based expectations was observed. This preliminary work points to potential differences in how varying types of expectations influence memory in young children and has important implications for learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Psychology; Cognitive development; Learning; Memory"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3jw8n7vk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carla","middle_name":"","last_name":"Macias","name_suffix":"","institution":"RUTGERS UNIVERSITY-NEWARK","department":""},{"first_name":"Kimele","middle_name":"","last_name":"Persaud","name_suffix":"","institution":"RUTGERS UNIVERSITY-NEWARK","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24633/galley/21651/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24633/galley/14230/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24633/galley/18008/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24633/galley/21651/download/"}]},{"pk":24084,"title":"The Role of Syntactic and Referential Evidence in Verb Learning across Exposures","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Early word-learning opportunities are often highly ambiguous, with this problem being especially difficult for verbs. While a verb's syntax can help to identify the referent event from the environment, learners still need to contend with temporal and spatial misalignment between verbs and their referent events. Although children are shown to use syntax to infer verb meaning when there is initially no co-occurring referent event, it remains unclear what role syntax plays in verb learning across exposures in tandem with referential information. With three adult word-learning experiments, we showed that while syntax independently informed verb meaning in the absence of referents, it did not additionally constrain subsequent mappings when a referent was present. These results reveal both the power of syntax in cross-situational verb-learning‚Äìpersisting across exposures ‚Äìand its limitations‚Äìfailing to supersede co-present referents.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Language development; Language learning; Syntax"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/273713xm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yiran","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Alexander","middle_name":"S","last_name":"LaTourrette","name_suffix":"","institution":"Haverford College","department":""},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trueswell","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24084/galley/13678/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24084/galley/21652/download/"}]},{"pk":21664,"title":"The role of the motor system in the processing of rhythmic complexity: a critical review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The desire to move to music appears to be a human universal. This behavioral response seems to be supported by a tight coupling of auditory and motor networks, even in the absence of overt movement. The prevailing theories explain this phenomenon either in terms of passive brain network entrainment to musical periodicity or motor system involvement in predictive coding. Both explanations recognize the role of rhythmic complexity in modulating motor activity. However, the precise nature of the relationship between rhythmic complexity and motor activity remains unclear. In this work, we conducted an fMRI literature review to examine this relationship. Out of 110 screened articles, 24 met inclusion criteria, reporting findings ranging from non-existent to linear or inverted-U-shaped. Underlying these findings, we encountered significant heterogeneity in the measurement and conceptualization of rhythmic complexity. We provide a summary of the relationships found, the approaches to measuring rhythmic complexity and the different types of tasks and stimuli used. We conclude that, in order to move forward, more agreement is needed regarding measures and notions of complexity.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Dance; Music; Predictive Processing; fMRI"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5vx1w3qg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Francisco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cossavella","name_suffix":"","institution":"Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial Aplicada Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación, CONICET- UBA","department":""},{"first_name":"Martin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Miguel","name_suffix":"","institution":"McMaster University","department":""},{"first_name":"Diego","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fernandez Slezak","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad de Buenos Aires","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21664/galley/11263/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21664/galley/14572/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21664/galley/22052/download/"}]},{"pk":24684,"title":"The role of transauricular vagus nerve stimulation in balancing autonomic systems during cognitive tasks","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Transauricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is increasingly spreading both in research and clinical practice; however, literature often presents non-uniform results in various cognitive domains. We propose a procedure based on the use of taVNS to investigate its effect on executive functions, also considering the modulation of the homeostatic balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. 40 (22F) volunteers participated in two separate sessions (stimulation/sham). After baseline measurements (heart rate variability) and a preliminary stimulation phase, they performed Stroop and go/no go tasks. Throughout the procedure, cardiac activity was recorded to obtain HRV parameters in different experimental conditions. Although performance differences were not identified in the tasks, the modulation of HRV parameters during the tasks indicates how taVNS can influence the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems during the execution of cognitive tasks. This effect is likely attributed to the taVNS acting on vagal tone, supporting the parasympathetic component.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Attention; Behavioral Science"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sr9j945","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Erik","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leemhuis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Maria Luisa","middle_name":"","last_name":"De Martino","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Angelica","middle_name":"","last_name":"Scuderi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Mariella","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pazzaglia","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24684/galley/21653/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24684/galley/14282/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24684/galley/18104/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24684/galley/21653/download/"}]},{"pk":24751,"title":"The statistician baboon: papio papio's understanding of noisy linear patterns","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Several studies showed that humans are incredibly accurate at extracting simple statistical information from noisy datasets, such as judging the linear trends of scatterplots. Crucially, these intuitions might serve as one of the building blocks of both graphical and mathematical skills. However, we do not know if such abilities are specific to our species or if they can be found in other animals as well. We tested several guinea baboons on a trend judgment task in which they had to judge whether linear trends (both noisy and noiseless) were increasing or decreasing. We show that they can and that they behave strikingly similarly to humans: they seem to base their judgment on the t-value of the graph, which is the index that a statistician would calculate to measure the significance of the linear relationship in the dataset. These findings suggest that the ability to extract statistical information from visual noise is not available only to humans.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Animal cognition; Pattern recognition; Perception; Psychophysics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86r891vb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Lorenzo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ciccione","name_suffix":"","institution":"Collège de France - PSL University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24751/galley/21654/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24751/galley/14349/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24751/galley/21654/download/"}]},{"pk":24735,"title":"The strength of a universal","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Generalizations that hold across all languages (linguistic universals) provide important insights into cognition, language, and learning. In semantics, the best-known universal is determiner conservativity: the truth of sentences like ‚Äúevery/most/some/no fish swim(s)‚Äù depends only on the determiner's first argument (‚Äúfish‚Äù). This rules out cross-linguistically unattested determiners (e.g., ‚Äúequi fish swims‚Äù meaning ‚Äòthe fish and the swimmers are numerically equivalent' isn't conservative because both fish and swimmers matter). Zuber & Keenan (2019) propose a weakening of conservativity: determiners depend on their first OR second argument, but not both. Which constraint do learners obey? We test whether adults are able to learn novel determiners that are classically non-conservative but are conservative on the weakened view. We compare these ‚Äòweakly conservative' cases against novel determiners that are conservative on both views and non-conservative on both views. We find that adults can learn conservative meanings, but not weakly conservative meanings, supporting the classical understanding.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Language learning; Semantics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dr372fc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Tyler","middle_name":"","last_name":"Knowlton","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trueswell","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Papafragou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Unversity of Pennsylvania","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24735/galley/21655/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24735/galley/14333/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24735/galley/18191/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24735/galley/21655/download/"}]},{"pk":21562,"title":"The Structure of Everyday Choice: Insights from 100K Real-life Decision Problems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The complexity of everyday choices make them difficult to formally study. We address this challenge by constructing a dataset of over 100K real-life decision problems based on a combination of social media and large-scale survey data. Using large language models (LLMs) for automated coding, we are able to extract hundreds of choice attributes at play in these problems and map them onto a common representational space. This representation allows us to quantify both the content (e.g. broader themes) and the structure (e.g. specific tradeoffs) inherent in everyday choices. We also present subsets of these decision problems to human participants, and find consistency in choice patterns, allowing us to predict naturalistic choices with established decision models. Overall, our research provides new insights into the attributes and tradeoffs that underpin important life choices. In doing so, our work shows how LLM-based structure extraction can be used to study real-world cognition and behavior.","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Decision making; Natural Language Processing; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0th6v25m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sudeep","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bhatia","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Pennsylvania","department":""},{"first_name":"Simon","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"van Baal","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Vienna","department":""},{"first_name":"Lukasz","middle_name":"","last_name":"Walasek","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Warwick","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21562/galley/11161/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21562/galley/14638/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21562/galley/21656/download/"}]},{"pk":24479,"title":"The Task Task: Creative problem generation in humans and language models","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Machine creativity is on the rise. Recent studies find that large language models achieve human performance on common psychological tests of creativity, which often pose a given problem and ask for novel or unusual solutions. But can AI go beyond producing solutions for given problems, to creatively propose new problems? We present the Task Task, a novel test that asks participants to come up with creative problems. In this test, we assess the ability of humans and GPT-4 to design challenge tasks for a game show. We evaluated proposed tasks using crowdsourced subjective creativity ratings, as well as computational measures of linguistic complexity and semantic content. We found that GPT-4 achieves similar scores as humans on creativity, originality, and judgments of how fun or difficult the tasks are. However, model-generated output tends to be shorter and connect more semantically distant concepts. We discuss implications and future directions for the psychology of creativity.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Creativity; Natural Language Processing; Reasoning; Computer-based experiment; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nn3d4zw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Junyi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hu","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University","department":""},{"first_name":"Tomer D.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ullman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Harvard University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24479/galley/21657/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24479/galley/14076/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24479/galley/21657/download/"}]},{"pk":21590,"title":"The TECo Database: Insights on The Semantic Organization of The Ecological Domain.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Contrasting the climate change emergency represents one of the major challenges of modern times. Knowing how people represent ecology-related phenomena is crucial to inform interventions aimed at promoting more effective pro-environmental behaviors. Despite this, literature on the topic is still scarce. To fill this gap, we asked 340 participants to rate 200 concepts‚Äîamong which Ecological (N = 50, e.g., deforestation)‚Äîon numerous semantic dimensions (N = 39), drawing insights from the literature on conceptual organization. A Principal Component Analysis on our dataset revealed the presence of three major components explaining overall the variability of our set of concepts. Interestingly, Ecological concepts had a major role in all of them. Indeed, when compared to other conceptual categories‚Äîboth related (i.e., Natural‚Äîe.g., water‚Äîand Geographical/Geopolitical‚Äîe.g., ocean, city) and not related (i.e., Technological‚Äîe.g., Internet) to the green domain‚Äîthey figured among the most abstract (Component 1), impacting our political, social, and personal spheres (Component 2), scientific, emotionally charged, and evoking sensorimotor experiences (Component 3) concepts. Overall, our study has a threefold relevance. On a theoretical side, it can contribute to enriching theories on concepts by investigating a new semantic domain that jeopardizes the concrete-abstract dichotomy; on a scientific side, it might broaden categorization research by providing semantic norms for new conceptual domains (the TECo Database); on a societal side, it can enhance politics on these timely themes.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Concepts and categories; Embodied Cognition; Semantics; Knowledge representation"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9t2613vk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ilenia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Falcinelli","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Chiara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fini","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Claudia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mazzuca","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""},{"first_name":"Anna","middle_name":"","last_name":"Borghi","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sapienza University of Rome","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21590/galley/11189/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21590/galley/21983/download/"}]},{"pk":24565,"title":"The time boundary of sensorimotor integration between graspable object nouns and adjectives: behavioural evidence.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the temporal dynamics of the sensorimotor integration between the noun and the adjective. Forty-two participants categorized an object noun as natural or artifact performing a precision or a power reach-to-grasp response. Responses were compatible or incompatible with the grip typically used to manipulate the object denoted by the noun presented on the screen for 250ms. After three different SOAs (0ms, 200ms, or 500ms) an adjective replaced the noun (250ms). The adjective could indicate a positive (e.g., round) or a negative (e.g., sharp) object property. Reaction times revealed that the SOAs modulated the grasp-compatibility effect (incompatible‚Äìcompatible conditions). At 0ms of SOA, a standard compatibility effect emerged with positive adjectives, while negative adjectives reversed the effect. No modulatory effects were detected at 200 and 500ms. The present results provide first evidence about the temporal dynamics of sensorimotor integration process between these two classes of words.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Language understanding; Semantics"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pv0s0dd","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Gioacchino","middle_name":"","last_name":"Garofalo","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Bologna","department":""},{"first_name":"Lucia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Riggio","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Parma","department":""},{"first_name":"Francesco","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bianchini","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Bologna","department":""},{"first_name":"Elena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gherri","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Bologna","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24565/galley/21658/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24565/galley/14162/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24565/galley/21658/download/"}]},{"pk":24518,"title":"The trajectory of the functional excitation-inhibition balance in an autistic and allistic developmental sample","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Imbalances between the brain's excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) systems can lead to structural and functional cortical deviances which have been associated with various developmental conditions including autism. However, the developmental trajectory of such EI imbalances across childhood and adolescence as well as its relationship to autism traits is not well understood yet. In this study, we determined a functional measure of the EI balance from resting-state electroencephalogram recordings of 92 autistic and 100 allistic children (6-17 years of age) and related it to behavioral assessments of autism traits and language ability. Our results revealed differential EI trajectories for the autistic compared to the allistic children. Moreover, the EI trajectories related to individual language ability in which elevated excitability in late childhood and early adolescence was linked to decreased listening comprehension. Our findings therefore show that the developmental trajectory of EI balance shares variance with autism trait development.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Cognitive development; Language understanding; Electroencephalography (EEG)"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42n487b5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Hannah","middle_name":"","last_name":"Plueckebaum","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau","department":""},{"first_name":"Lars","middle_name":"","last_name":"Meyer","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences","department":""},{"first_name":"Ann-Kathrin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Beck","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau","department":""},{"first_name":"Thomas","middle_name":"","last_name":"Lachmann","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau","department":""},{"first_name":"Katharina H.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Menn","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain  Sciences","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24518/galley/21659/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24518/galley/14115/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24518/galley/21659/download/"}]},{"pk":24200,"title":"The Transferability of Explanation-Induced Knowledge Reassessment","subtitle":null,"abstract":"When someone realizes they do not actually know how a can opener works, do they think it is just a one-time bout of overconfidence? Or, do they assume they lack understanding of all the devices in their home? Causal knowledge is a fundamental part of both daily functioning and long-term learning. Previous studies have shown that writing out a causal explanation has the ability to induce knowledge reassessment and decrease inflated perceptions of knowledge specific to the concept being explained. However, the generalization of this knowledge reassessment has only recently been explored. In this preregistered experiment, we used the Illusion of Explanatory Depth (IOED) paradigm to see whether a decrease in perceived understanding of an explained item affects the perceived understanding of an item that was not asked to be explained. We also assessed the effect of explanation quality on this transfer of knowledge. Results showed that knowledge reassessment for explained items led to an even greater reassessment for unexplained items, suggesting possible overgeneralization. While explanation quality influenced knowledge reassessment for explained items, it did not for unexplained items. We discuss the possible reasons for these results as well as future studies to help understand the boundaries of knowledge reassessment.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Causal reasoning"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w30c243","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Julianne","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wilson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lehigh University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jessecae","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Marsh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Lehigh University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24200/galley/13796/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24200/galley/21660/download/"}]},{"pk":21349,"title":"The Visualizer's Fallacy: Why Aphantasia Skepticism Underestimates the Dynamics of Cognition","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Aphantasia, namely the inability to voluntarily form visual mental imagery, does not, counterintuitively, impair the affected from successfully performing mental imagery tasks. One way of explaining this finding is to posit that aphantasics, despite their claim to the contrary, can form visual imagery, a position here referred to as aphantasia skepticism. This article outlines and rejects two types of aphantasia skepticism and argues that the position results from what is coined the visualizer's fallacy, namely the false belief that visual mental imagery is necessary to carry out mental imagery tasks. Furthermore, it is argued that the visualizer's fallacy and the resulting aphantasia skepticism are not only potentially harmful to aphantasics but may also lead to an impoverished view of the dynamics of cognition in general.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Philosophy; Concepts and categories; Language and thought; Representation"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0k4282bn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christian","middle_name":"Oliver","last_name":"Scholz","name_suffix":"","institution":"Ruhr-Universität Bochum","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21349/galley/10948/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21349/galley/21794/download/"}]},{"pk":24582,"title":"The Wason selection task in the long-run: Evaluating the truthfulness of universal and probabilistic statements through evidence search","subtitle":null,"abstract":"To investigate, in an ecological way, how people evaluate the truthfulness of universal and probabilistic statements we introduce a modified version of the Wason Selection Task. Participants see four decks of cards (instead of four cards), and are asked to turn as many cards as they deem necessary to judge if a given statement is true or false, both for the observed sample (deductive task) and for an imaginary reference population (inductive task). Participants encounter universal (‚ÄúAll P are Q‚Äù) or probabilistic statements (‚Äúmore/less than x% of P are Q‚Äù; between-subjects) with abstract, realistic neutral, and realistic polarizing statements (within-subjects). Half of the participants receive an endowment for each turn, correct (incorrect) deductive judgments are rewarded (penalized), and turning a card incurs a cost (other half: fixed participation fee). We report results from two online experiments, thereby also contrasting prescriptive models of evidence search with actual behaviors.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Decision making; Reasoning; Bayesian modeling; Computer-based experiment; Logic"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cd3p5fn","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Konstantinos","middle_name":"","last_name":"Armaos","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Lausanne","department":""},{"first_name":"Ulrich","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hoffrage","name_suffix":"","institution":"university of lausanne","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24582/galley/21661/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24582/galley/14179/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24582/galley/21661/download/"}]},{"pk":24396,"title":"The Wisdom of Partisan Crowds: Comparing Collective Intelligence in Humans and LLM-based Agents","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Human groups are able to converge to more accurate beliefs through deliberation, even in the presence of polarization and partisan bias --- a phenomenon known as the ``wisdom of partisan crowds.'' Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to simulate human collective behavior, yet few benchmarks exist for evaluating their dynamics against the behavior of human groups. In this paper, we examine the extent to which the wisdom of partisan crowds emerges in groups of LLM-based agents that are prompted to role-play as partisan personas (e.g., Democrat or Republican). We find that they not only display human-like partisan biases, but also converge to more accurate beliefs through deliberation, as humans do. We then identify several factors that interfere with convergence, including the use of chain-of-thought prompting and lack of details in personas. Conversely, fine-tuning on human data appears to enhance convergence. These findings show the potential and limitations of LLM-based agents as a model of human collective intelligence.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Group Behaviour; Social cognition; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3k67x8s5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Yun-Shiuan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chuang","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Nikunj","middle_name":"","last_name":"Harlalka","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Siddharth","middle_name":"","last_name":"Suresh","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Agam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Goyal","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hawkins","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Sijia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yang","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Dhavan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shah","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin - Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Junjie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hu","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Timothy","middle_name":"T","last_name":"Rogers","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin- Madison","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24396/galley/13993/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24396/galley/21662/download/"}]},{"pk":24006,"title":"\"They Say\" Makes Good Liars: An Investigation on Evidentiality in Language and Deception","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A speaker's use of language is one of the most important indicators in detecting deception. To date, however, little research has focused on grammatical cues used in deceitful statements. One such cue is evidentiality which is the grammatical encoding for the source of information; i.e., whether the speaker has direct or indirect access to what they assert. This study investigates whether and how evidentiality coding in Turkish, an evidential language, interacts with producing deceitful and truthful narratives. Deceptive retellings were notably longer and syntactically more complex compared to truthful counterparts. Our hypothesis of increased past forms in deception was confirmed, alongside a heightened use of direct evidential inflection (‚ÄìDI) in deceptive conditions. This exploration sheds light on the nuanced relationship between grammatical evidentiality and deceptive language use.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Discourse; Language and thought; Language Production; Pragmatics; Discourse Analysis"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64v7v3b8","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cagla","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aydin","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabanci University","department":""},{"first_name":"Dr Seçkin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Arslan","name_suffix":"","institution":"Université Côte d'Azur","department":""},{"first_name":"Selma Berfin","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tanis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabanci University","department":""},{"first_name":"≈ûeyma","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kalender","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabanci University","department":""},{"first_name":"Ayberk Kaan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Güne≈ü","name_suffix":"","institution":"Sabancƒ± University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24006/galley/13600/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24006/galley/21761/download/"}]},{"pk":24151,"title":"Thinking in proportions rather than probabilities facilitates Bayesian reasoning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Bayesian reasoning tasks require processing data in proba-bilistic situations to revise risk estimations. Such tasks are difficult when data is presented in terms of single-event probabilities; the multiplicative combination of priors and likelihoods often is disregarded, resulting in er-roneous strategies such as prior neglect or averaging heu-ristics. Proportions (relative frequencies) are computation-ally equivalent to probabilities. However, proportions are connected to natural mental representations (so-called ra-tio sense). Mental representations of nested proportions (70% of 20%) allow for a mental operation that corre-sponds to a multiplicative combination of percentages. In two studies, we focused on the conceptual understanding underlying Bayesian reasoning by utilizing graphical rep-resentations without numbers (to avoid calculations with percentages). We showed that verbally framing Bayesian tasks in terms of proportions, as opposed to single-event probabilities, increased correct Bayesian judgment, and re-duced averaging heuristics. Thus, we claim, proportions can be regarded as a natural view on normalized Bayesian situations.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Education; Psychology; Decision making; Reasoning; Bayesian modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4p61c93w","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Katharina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Loibl","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Education Freiburg","department":""},{"first_name":"Timo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Leuders","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Education Freiburg","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24151/galley/13747/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24151/galley/21663/download/"}]},{"pk":24548,"title":"Three perspectives on decisions under risk and uncertainty: A comparative analysis of potential discrepancies and their explanations","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Understanding and predicting the relevant risky choices of modern life is a key goal of the behavioral sciences and cognitive decision research specifically. However, do researchers study those choices that people actually face in their lives, or choices that at least capture the same cognitive processes? To address these open questions, we compare 214 risky choices from three perspectives (research, layperson, life outcomes) and use semantic embeddings extracted from a LLM to assess the similarity of choices between perspectives. Furthermore, by means of a Bayesian mixed effects model we examine the potential overlaps and gaps between the three perspectives regarding which cognitive mechanisms may be at play when people make the various choices. Our research informs theories of risk taking by revealing discrepancies of behavioral research with real-life choices, both regarding the choices that are considered timely as well as the cognitive underpinnings that influence these choices.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Comparative Analysis; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d33x0x3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Olivia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fischer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Zurich","department":""},{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Lob","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Zurich","department":""},{"first_name":"Renato","middle_name":"","last_name":"Frey","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Zurich","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24548/galley/21664/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24548/galley/14145/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24548/galley/21664/download/"}]},{"pk":24115,"title":"\"Three yellow stars and three red hearts: Can subset-knowers learn number word meanings from multiple examplars?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have shown that number word learning is a protracted process. One challenge facing children learning the meaning of number word such as ‚Äúone‚Äù, ‚Äútwo‚Äù, or ‚Äúthree‚Äù is that number words refer to a property of a set and not to individual objects. In this study, we focused on a sample of children who have not learned the meaning of small number words such as ‚Äútwo‚Äù and ‚Äúthree‚Äù and tested whether children could learn number words from examples of sets that help them focus on set size. Specifically, the experimental training condition included examples that highlight a common relational structure between sets through varying object properties in the sets (e.g., three yellow stars and three red hearts are both ‚Äúthree‚Äù), whereas  the control condition did not vary object properties(e.g., two sets of three yellow stars with different spatial arrangement). We trained two- and three-knowers (N = 65) on the next number (i.e., three or four) and assessed their learning with a Two-Alternative-Forced-Choice task and Give-a-Number task. Overall, we found weak effects of training. We discuss our findings in the broader literature on number word learning and explore the possibility of analogical reasoning as a mechanism of number word learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Language development; Developmental analysis"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vj8c2v2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Theresa Elise","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wege","name_suffix":"","institution":"Loughborough University","department":""},{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Merkley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Carleton University","department":""},{"first_name":"Sara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Jasim","name_suffix":"","institution":"York University","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ansari","name_suffix":"","institution":"Western University","department":""},{"first_name":"Pierina","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cheung","name_suffix":"","institution":"Nanyang Technological University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24115/galley/13709/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24115/galley/21762/download/"}]},{"pk":24837,"title":"Through the Lens of Community of Inquiry: Scaffolding Chinese ESL Oral Participation in a US Online Graduate Course","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This reflective writing identified components that contribute to increased participation of international ESL in one online graduate course. All the factors identified in the analysis as conducive to greater engagement and elevated participation naturally fell into the three presences of Community of Inquiry (CoI). As such, a new theoretical framework titled CoIParticipation Model was created to reveal the underlying connection between CoI and participation. Findings drawn from the critical analysis indicate that online courses maintaining a good CoI can effectively promote ESL class participation, especially oral participation, by eliminating linguistic barriers, building a sense of group commitment, and creating a connected community of learners. Instructional implications and practical teaching tips for TESOL professionals incorporating the CoI-Participation Model in online teaching are discussed.","language":"eng","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"online teaching"},{"word":"adult education"},{"word":"ESL"},{"word":"Community of Inquiry (CoI)"},{"word":"Participation"},{"word":"Engagement"},{"word":"class management"},{"word":"synchronous communication"}],"section":"Theme Section - Teaching the Whole Student","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tp1z705","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jiang","middle_name":"","last_name":"Dian","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/24837/galley/14431/download/"}]},{"pk":24247,"title":"Timing Is Everything: Effects Of Temporal Delay Of Confidence Judgments In Memory Decision-Making","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Metacognitive confidence judgments are frequently adopted as a measure of certainty in decision-making tasks, but the mechanisms that underly these judgments have been long debated. In this work, we investigate the effect of the timing of confidence judgments in memory decisions by querying confidence immediately after, with a 3-second delay, or in a separate phase within an associative recognition task. An additional control condition did not probe confidence judgments at all to investigate how metacognitive monitoring may influence the memory decision-making process itself. The results indicate changes in memory performance and response times in conditions where confidence judgments were made, as well as a stronger association between confidence and accuracy when confidence was probed following a 3-second delay. We discuss the implications of these results regarding post- decision processing of metacognitive confidence and the bidirectional relationship between memory and metacognition.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Decision making; Memory"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74j438rg","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Isabella","middle_name":"Rose Sky","last_name":"Klopukh","name_suffix":"","institution":"Florida Atlantic University","department":""},{"first_name":"Kevin","middle_name":"P","last_name":"Darby","name_suffix":"","institution":"Florida Atlantic University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24247/galley/13843/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24247/galley/21665/download/"}]},{"pk":21426,"title":"Toddlers Actively Sample from Reliable and Unreliable Speakers","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Toddlers are sensitive to the reliability of speakers in their environment \\cite{koenig2010}.\nWhile previous work suggests that children prefer labels from reliable speakers, it remains unclear how these social representations guide lower-level information-seeking processes that affect speaker preferences. The current study introduces a gaze-contingent eye-tracking paradigm to investigate how children engage in sampling during word learning. Toddlers (22-24m) view videos of two speakers labeling familiar objects; one speaker provides reliable labels and the other speaker provides unreliable labels. Toddlers then sample novel labels from the speakers using a gaze-contingent interface: only the speaker they are fixating on provides a novel label. Preliminary data (N = 18) suggests that participants prefer to sample first from the reliable speaker over the unreliable speaker. However, there is little difference in overall sampling preferences. Our findings suggest that toddlers can assess speaker reliability, but remain open to exploring information from unreliable speakers.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Cognitive development; Development; Language development; Social cognition"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pk2j6qb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jess","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mankewitz","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"","last_name":"Hawkins","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","department":""},{"first_name":"Jenny","middle_name":"","last_name":"Saffran","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21426/galley/11025/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21426/galley/21871/download/"}]},{"pk":24304,"title":"Toddlers Associate Iconic Gestures with Actions not Objects","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that infants and toddlers can learn novel symbols, equally well as gestures or words. In Study 1, we test whether toddlers can learn iconic/arbitrary gestures equally well as arbitrary words for familiar objects. The results showed that the toddlers learned only an iconic gesture for top (i.e., spinning) above chance. In Study 2, we tested whether toddlers could learn iconic/arbitrary gestures as labels of actions equally well as novel words. Indeed, they did learn iconic gestures equally well. These results suggest that toddlers associate iconic gestures with actions performed by objects more readily than objects themselves.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Language development; Language understanding"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x11348t","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Elena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nicoladis","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of British Columbia","department":""},{"first_name":"Paula","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marentette","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Alberta","department":""},{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"St. Jean","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Alberta","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24304/galley/13900/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24304/galley/21666/download/"}]},{"pk":21603,"title":"To observe or to bet? Investigating purely exploratory and purely exploitative actions in children, adults, and computational models.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Autonomous agents often need to decide between choosing actions that are familiar and have previously yielded positive results (exploitation) and seeking new information that could help uncover more effective actions (exploration). We present an ‚Äúobserve or bet‚Äù task that separates ‚Äúpure exploration‚Äù from ‚Äúpure exploitation‚Äù: 75 five-to-seven-year-old children, 60 adults and computational agents have to decide either to observe an outcome without reward, or to bet on an action without immediate feedback at varying probability levels. Their performances were measured against solutions from the partially observable Markov decision process and meta-RL models. Children and adults tended to choose observation more than both algorithm classes would suggest. Children also modulated their betting policy based on the probability structure and amount of evidence, exhibiting ‚Äúhedging behavior‚Äù a strategy not evident in standard bandit tasks. The results provide a benchmark for reasoning about reward and information in humans and neural network models.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Learning; Reasoning; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2x7300qr","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Eunice","middle_name":"","last_name":"Yiu","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":""},{"first_name":"Kai","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Sandbrink","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oxford","department":""},{"first_name":"Alison","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gopnik","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California at Berkeley","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21603/galley/11202/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21603/galley/21996/download/"}]},{"pk":21593,"title":"Towards a Computational Model of Abstraction in Design Reasoning","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper seeks to understand designers' abstraction in ill- structured problem-solving. We utilize a protocol study with expert designers to empirically analyze the abstraction process in the latent need problem setting. A logic-based abstraction schema is found to model the process the designers employed. The study reveals how designers utilize this schema, detailing, developing, and evaluating solutions for ill-structured problems. It highlights the recursive nature of abstraction and raises questions about the termination of the process in ill- structured domains. We conclude by proposing a computational model to further evaluate abstraction in complex problem-solving scenarios.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Problem Solving; Reasoning; Knowledge representation; Logic; Symbolic computational modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17197716","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ryan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bruggeman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northeastern University","department":""},{"first_name":"Estefania","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ciliotta Chehade","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northeastern University","department":""},{"first_name":"Tucker","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Marion","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northeastern University","department":""},{"first_name":"Paolo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Ciuccarelli","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northeastern University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21593/galley/11192/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21593/galley/21986/download/"}]},{"pk":21468,"title":"Towards a computational model of responsibility judgments in sequential human-AI collaboration","subtitle":null,"abstract":"When a human and an AI agent collaborate to complete a task and something goes wrong, who is responsible? Prior work has developed theories to describe how people assign responsibility to individuals in teams. However, there has been little work studying the cognitive processes that underlie responsibility judgments in human-AI collaborations, especially for tasks comprising a sequence of interdependent actions. In this work, we take a step towards filling this gap. Using semi-autonomous driving as a paradigm, we develop an environment that simulates stylized cases of human-AI collaboration using a generative model of agent behavior. We propose a model of responsibility that considers how unexpected an agent's action was, and what would have happened had they acted differently. We test the model's predictions empirically and find that in addition to action expectations and counterfactual considerations, participants' responsibility judgments are also affected by how much each agent actually contributed to the outcome.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Psychology; Causal reasoning; Intelligent agents; Reasoning; Theory of Mind; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5h1742zk","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Stratis","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tsirtsis","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems","department":""},{"first_name":"Manuel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gomez Rodriguez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems","department":""},{"first_name":"Tobias","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gerstenberg","name_suffix":"","institution":"Stanford University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21468/galley/11067/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21468/galley/21913/download/"}]},{"pk":24659,"title":"Towards a Metacognitive Reinforcement Learning Approach for Planning in Adaptive Learning Systems","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Learners face metacognitive challenges in planning efficient allocation of limited study time and cognitive resources. Our work draws cognitive science research showing how humans use reinforcement learning to adaptively develop metareasoning heuristics that balance deliberation and exploitation in learning sequence planning. We model this framework computationally by formulating adaptive content sequencing as a Markov Decision Process with meta-level states, actions, and rewards. A neural meta-policy module governs deliberation on building new personalized learning plans versus the reuse of prior recommendations through simulated user interactions. Testing using 100 simulated agents exhibiting the evolution of knowledge, interests, and consumption patterns provided longitudinal data on meta-policy responsiveness to dynamic learning requirements. Analyzing trends over time and trigger-reaction lags quantified opportunities for improving deliberation latency and relevance. The simulated experiments demonstrate promising progress in computationally modeling the metacognitive capacity for resource-rational planning by strategically balancing plan quality and computational effort in education content recommendation.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Education; Machine learning; Reasoning; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4b750555","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Laura","middle_name":"","last_name":"Marquez","name_suffix":"","institution":"Universidad de Antioquia","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24659/galley/21667/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24659/galley/14257/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24659/galley/18054/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24659/galley/21667/download/"}]},{"pk":21323,"title":"Towards a movement science of communication","subtitle":null,"abstract":"To communicate is to move. There is no way around that. If\nwe pick up comprehensive handbooks or introductory texts\nin movement science (Hong and Bartlett (2008)) we see\nthat there is very rich knowledge and tractable mathematical\nmodels about different aspects of movements. Yet, we find\nno chapter on communicative movements. While the field\nof speech motor control is a developed area on its own\n(Parrell and Lammert (2019)), there is no movement science\nof communication proper, which would include whole-body-,\nhand-gestural-, signed-, and inter-bodily actions.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Linguistics; Psychology; Action; Animal Communication; Behavioral Science; Complex systems; Embodied Cognition; Language Production; Situated cognition; Gesture analysis"}],"section":"Symposia","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4m30p56k","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"≈†àrka","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kadavà","name_suffix":"","institution":"Leibniz Center General Linguistics","department":""},{"first_name":"Lara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pearson","name_suffix":"","institution":"Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics","department":""},{"first_name":"James","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trujillo","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Amsterdam","department":""},{"first_name":"Wim","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pouw","name_suffix":"","institution":"Radboud University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21323/galley/10922/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21323/galley/15687/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21323/galley/21768/download/"}]},{"pk":24298,"title":"Towards A Neurobiologically Inspired Model of Syntax Processing","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A first version of a neurobiologically inspired neural network model for speech and language processing using a spiking neuron approach is introduced here. This model uses basic neural circuit elements for building up a large-scale brain model (i.e., elements for long-term and short-term memory, elements for activating and forwarding information (items) as neural states, elements for cognitive and sensorimotor action selection, elements for modeling binding of items, etc.). The resulting model architecture indicates three dense neural network modules, i.e., a module for lexical, for syntactic, and for semantic processing. Moreover, the model gives a detailed specification of the neural interaction interfaces between these modules. This large-scale model is capable of parsing syntactic simple but non-trivial sentences of Standard German and it clearly exemplifies the temporal-parallel as well as the hierarchical-sequential neural processes typically appearing in speech processing in the brain.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Linguistics; Natural Language Processing; Syntax; Computational Modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51j3s5zc","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bernd","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Kröger","name_suffix":"","institution":"Medical School, RWTH Aachen University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24298/galley/13894/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24298/galley/21668/download/"}]},{"pk":24492,"title":"Towards an integration of verbal and formal theories of risky choices","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Which are the psychological mechanisms shaping people's risky choices? While the behavioral sciences have produced many theories to address this question, attempts to integrate their different assumptions are sparse: Verbal theories may explain real life decisions with high face validity but lack precisely testable predictions. Conversely, formal theories allow for clear mathematical predictions but often focus on artificial lab tasks. We aim to bridge this gap and harness each approach's respective advantages. To this end, we created a taxonomy of the most important psychological mechanisms involved in risk taking spanning different aspects of cognition, including attentional, affective, motivational, and psycho-social mechanisms proposed in the literature. As such, this taxonomy is the basis for an integrative process model quantifying the psychological mechanisms involved in decisions under risk and uncertainty, and may help researchers to identify similarities and discrepancies between different theories of choice.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making"}],"section":"Abstracts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bf4w5pb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Lob","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Zurich","department":""},{"first_name":"Olivia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fischer","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Zurich","department":""},{"first_name":"Renato","middle_name":"","last_name":"Frey","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Zurich","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24492/galley/14089/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24492/galley/21671/download/"}]},{"pk":21551,"title":"Towards a path dependent account of category fluency","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Category fluency is a widely studied cognitive task. Two major competing accounts have been proposed as the underlying retrieval mechanism: an optimal foraging process deliberately searching through memory (Hills et al., 2012) and a random walk sampling from a semantic network (Abbott et al., 2015). Evidence for both accounts has centered around predicting human patch switches, where both existing models of category fluency produce paradoxically identical results. We begin by peeling back the assumptions made by existing models, namely that each named exemplar only depends on the previous exemplar, by (i) adding an additional bias to model the category transition probability directly and (ii) relying on a large language model to predict based on the full prior exemplar sequence. Then, we present evidence towards resolving the disagreement between different models of foraging by reformulating them as sequence generators. For evaluation, we compare generated category fluency runs to a bank of humanwritten sequences by utilizing a metric based on n-gram overlap. We find that category switch predictors do not necessarily produce human-like sequences; rather, the additional biases used by the Hills et al. (2012) model are required to improve generation quality, which is further improved by our category modification. Even generating exclusively with an LLM requires an additional global cue to trigger the patch switching behavior during production. Further tests on only the search process on top of the semantic network highlight the importance of deterministic search in replicating human behavior.","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Concepts and categories; Natural Language Processing; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46c4c0sw","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Heineman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgia Institute of Technology","department":""},{"first_name":"Reba","middle_name":"","last_name":"Koenen","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgia Institute of Technology","department":""},{"first_name":"Sashank","middle_name":"","last_name":"Varma","name_suffix":"","institution":"Georgia Tech","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21551/galley/11150/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21551/galley/14627/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21551/galley/21669/download/"}]},{"pk":24063,"title":"Towards a Unified Model Describing Multiple Tasks: Extending the Retrieving Effectively from Memory Model to Categorization","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This study extends the Retrieving Effectively from Memory model, a prominent computational model of episodic memory, to the domain of categorization. Our modeling approach begins with the assumption that same-category items share common features representing defining characteristics of their category, and that they are encoded in the same category list context. We then assumed that category judgments occur based on the comparison of an item's averaged similarity to the exemplars from each category. We use this model to explore how the learning modes of observation and classification might influence category learning and consider several strategies that may emerge during the classification mode. Model simulation results indicate that different strategies which people might adopt during classification can either confer an advantage or pose a disadvantage in category learning. These findings suggest potential avenues for future research, particularly in exploring diverse strategies employed during learning.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Psychology; Learning; Computational Modeling; Mathematical modeling"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kh3p3r3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Sinem","middle_name":"","last_name":"Aytac","name_suffix":"","institution":"Syracuse University","department":""},{"first_name":"Yu-Wei","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Syracuse University","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kalish","name_suffix":"","institution":"Syracuse University","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Corral","name_suffix":"","institution":"Syracuse University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24063/galley/13657/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24063/galley/21670/download/"}]},{"pk":24208,"title":"Towards Conscious RL Agents By Construction","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The nature of consciousness has been a long-debated concept related to human cognition and self-understanding. As AI systems become more capable and autonomous, it is an increasingly pressing matter whether they can be called conscious. In line with narrative-based theories, here we present a simple but concrete computational criterion for consciousness grounded in the querying of a virtual self-representation. We adopt a reinforcement learning (RL) setting and implement these ideas in SubjectZero, a planning-based deep RL agent which has an explicit virtual self-model and whose architecture draws similarities to multiple prominent consciousness theories. Being able to self-localize, simulate the world, and model its own internal state, it can support a primitive virtual narrative, the quality of which depends on the number of abstractions that the underlying generative model sustains. Task performance still ultimately depends on the modeling capabilities of the agent where intelligence, understood simply as the ability to model complicated relationships, is what matters.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Consciousness; Machine learning; Representation; Neural Networks"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5634m1n9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Asen","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nachkov","name_suffix":"","institution":"INSAIT, Sofia University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24208/galley/13804/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24208/galley/21672/download/"}]},{"pk":24196,"title":"Tracking Lexical Knowledge of Concepts Unique to Singapore English Among Speakers of Singapore English","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper presents prevalence norms collected from a representative sample of Singapore English speakers for a set of 240 concepts unique to Singapore English. Prevalence refers to the proportion of people who know or recognize a particular concept. Because large-scale, diachronic language corpora are scarce for non-standard varieties of English, the present study aims to establish the collection of prevalence norms from a cross-sectional sample as a potential alternative for tracking changes in word usage patterns over time. Preliminary analyses indicate that lexical knowledge of Singapore English concepts differs across gender, age, and ethnic groups. In particular, while most concepts are generally well known, some concepts are better known by younger participants and others are better known by older participants. These results underline the dynamic nature of Singapore English vocabulary and demonstrate how simple psycholinguistic tasks could be used to study lexical change in under-resourced languages and varieties.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Linguistics; Psychology; Language understanding; Other; Survey"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8d8595gm","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cynthia","middle_name":"S.Q.","last_name":"Siew","name_suffix":"","institution":"National University of Singapore","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24196/galley/13792/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24196/galley/21673/download/"}]},{"pk":24450,"title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation of primary motor cortex does not change meaning construction from action sentences","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In a preregistered experiment, we tested whether interfering with primary motor cortex (M1) activation can change how people construe meaning from language. Participants were presented with sentences describing motor actions and asked to choose between a concrete and an abstract interpretation of their meaning. Prior to this task, participants' M1 was disrupted using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The results suggested strong evidence against the idea that M1-rTMS affects meaning construction. Additional analyses and experiments suggest that the absence of effect cannot be accounted for by failure to inhibit M1, lack of task validity, or lack of power to detect a small effect. These results do not support a causal role for primary motor cortex in building meaning from action language.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Cognitive Neuroscience; Embodied Cognition; Language understanding; Semantics; Brain Stimulation"}],"section":"Papers with Poster Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7sg438qz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Pablo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Solana","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Granada","department":""},{"first_name":"Omar","middle_name":"","last_name":"Escàmez","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Granada","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Casasanto","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cornell University","department":""},{"first_name":"Ana B.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chica","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Granada","department":""},{"first_name":"Julio","middle_name":"","last_name":"Santiago","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Granada","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24450/galley/14047/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24450/galley/21674/download/"}]},{"pk":21531,"title":"Transformer Mechanisms Mimic Frontostriatal Gating Operations When Trained on Human Working Memory Tasks","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Models based on the Transformer neural network architecture have seen success on a wide variety of tasks that appear to require complex ``cognitive branching''-- or the ability to maintain pursuit of one goal while accomplishing others. In cognitive neuroscience, success on such tasks is thought to rely on sophisticated frontostriatal mechanisms for selective gating, which enable role-addressable updating-- and later readout-- of information to and from distinct ``addresses'' of memory, in the form of clusters of neurons. However, Transformer models have no such mechanisms intentionally built-in. It is thus an open question how Transformers solve such tasks, and whether the mechanisms that emerge to help them to do so bear any resemblance to the gating mechanisms in the human brain. In this work, we analyze the mechanisms that emerge within a vanilla attention-only Transformer trained on a simple sequence modeling task inspired by a task explicitly designed to study working memory gating in computational cognitive neuroscience. We find that, as a result of training, the self-attention mechanism within the Transformer specializes in a way that mirrors the input and output gating mechanisms which were explicitly incorporated into earlier, more biologically-inspired architectures. These results suggest opportunities for future research on computational similarities between modern AI architectures and models of the human brain.","language":null,"license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Memory; Computational neuroscience; Neural Networks"}],"section":"Papers with Oral Presentation","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7z52s314","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Aaron","middle_name":"","last_name":"Traylor","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""},{"first_name":"Jack","middle_name":"","last_name":"Merullo","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""},{"first_name":"Michael J.","middle_name":"","last_name":"Frank","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""},{"first_name":"Ellie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Pavlick","name_suffix":"","institution":"Brown University","department":""}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2024-01-01T10:00:00-08:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21531/galley/11130/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21531/galley/14607/download/"},{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21531/galley/21675/download/"}]}]}