This paper discusses the regimes of Jarosław Kaczyński in Poland (2015–) and Viktor Orbán in Hungary (2010–) from the perspective of a curious paradox: they are very different in functioning but adhere to right-wing ideological frames that are very similar. First, we argue for a dual-level approach to understanding the formal and informal nature of these regimes, and we identify Poland as a conservative autocratic attempt and Hungary as an established patronal autocracy. After a comparative analysis of the two systems, we analyze the regimes’ common ideological frames and explain how legitimacy panels fit the purposes of an ideology-driven regime (Poland) and an ideology-applying one (Hungary). Finally, the analysis is used to explain the divergent responses of the Polish and the Hungarian regimes to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, which also brought the mutual relations of the two de-democratizing countries in the European Union to a breaking point.
","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Poland"},{"word":"Hungary"},{"word":"European Union"},{"word":"de-democratization"},{"word":"conservatism"},{"word":"patronalism"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n97x4h2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bálint","middle_name":"","last_name":"Madlovics","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central European University Democracy Institute","department":""},{"first_name":"Bálint","middle_name":"","last_name":"Magyar","name_suffix":"","institution":"Central European University Democracy Institute","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T19:36:46+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T08:42:24+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1496/galley/1055/download/"}]},{"pk":1503,"title":"Karen Lee Ashcraft, Wronged and Dangerous: Viral Masculinity and the Populist Pandemic","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Book Review","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nm1n0m3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Meredith","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Pruden","name_suffix":"","institution":"Kennesaw State University","department":"Communication and Media"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T16:39:18+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T09:49:14+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1503/galley/1061/download/"}]},{"pk":1504,"title":"Letter from the Editor","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Letter from the Editor","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8wc8x96c","frozenauthors":[],"date_submitted":"2023-07-03T23:57:21+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T09:56:07+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1504/galley/1062/download/"}]},{"pk":1501,"title":"Right-Wing Politics in Europe","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Essay","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32d7p28c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Terri","middle_name":"","last_name":"Givens","name_suffix":"","institution":"McGill University","department":"Political Science"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T19:30:21+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T09:38:44+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1501/galley/1059/download/"}]},{"pk":1500,"title":"The Other Japan: Back to Japan’s Religious Roots for a New Japanese Nationalism?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is first to elucidate the nature and worldview of the\r\nideology of pre–World War II Japan that inspired the Japanese elite to embark on global conquest and that mobilized the Japanese masses to fight to the death even after the dropping of the atomic bombs. Second, the aim is to examine how this ideology first emerged in the Meiji period and how it came to dominate Japanese politics until the end of the war. Third, it will illustrate not only what has survived of this form of ultranationalism in the postwar period, identifying the ideas of core thinkers and organizations, but it will also examine the emergence of different, or perhaps more moderate, forms of Japanese nationalism, pinpointing their key ideas and describing their visions for a future Japan. Finally, I will attempt to shed light on the historical forces and scenarios that might return Japanese ultranationalists to the center of political influence and power in the Japanese state and overturn Japan’s postwar pacifist constitution and noninterventionist military foreign policy.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Douglas MacArthur"},{"word":"Constitution of the Empire of Japan"},{"word":"Hozumi Yatsuka"},{"word":"Uesugi Shinkichi"},{"word":"Japanese Shinto ultranationalism"},{"word":"Japanese nationalism"},{"word":"Nippon Kaigi"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53w442f7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Walter","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Skya","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Alaska Fairbanks and University of Nevada, Las Vegas","department":"History (UAF) and Interdisciplinary, Gender, and Ethnic Studies (UNLV)"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T19:31:15+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T09:22:25+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1500/galley/1058/download/"}]},{"pk":1499,"title":"The Supreme Court in Modi’s India","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Twenty-first-century elected right-wing regimes share many similarities apart from being led by “authoritarian populists” who centralize power in themselves and represent ethnic or religious majorities at the expense of other citizens. Since higher judiciaries are key to ensuring executive accountability and the separation of powers in a liberal democratic constitutional setup, they are on the front lines of authoritarian attempts at institutional capture. Unlike earlier dictatorships that suspended existing constitutional protections or imposed martial law, current authoritarian regimes maintain a semblance of legality and constitutionalism while in practice attempting to remake the judiciary in their own image. This phenomenon has been variously termed “autocratic legalism,” “abusive constitutionalism,” and “populist constitutionalism.”\r\n\r\nIn this article, I look at how the Indian Supreme Court (SC) has responded to executive incursions under the Narendra Modi regime since 2014. Even today, the court continues to deliver important democracy-enhancing judgments, breaking away from India’s colonial inheritance in matters like criminalizing same-sex relationships and adultery. However, the last decade is strongly marked by two features: first, an unwillingness to hear major constitutional issues that might challenge the regime; and second, judgments that serve as an advertorial for the regime, reinforcing an antiminority ideological orientation, justifying the government’s actions, and promoting Modi’s personality cult. By outsourcing several political decisions to a seemingly disinterested and neutral judiciary, the Modi government has been far more successful than it would have been if it had imposed those decisions purely by legislative majority. In turn, by addressing a variety of political issues as purely legal matters and not addressing them as constitutional questions, the courts have collaborated in the delegitimization of dissent and reinforced the claims of the Modi regime.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"authoritarianism"},{"word":"autocratic legalism"},{"word":"judiciary"},{"word":"rule of law"},{"word":"Indian Supreme Court"},{"word":"Narendra Modi"},{"word":"India"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/313700c7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Nandini","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sundar","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Delhi","department":"Sociology"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T19:31:51+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T09:16:59+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1499/galley/1057/download/"}]},{"pk":1497,"title":"Three Routes to Autocratic Rule: Market Reforms, Politics, and Masculinist Performance in the Making of Right-Wing Regimes","subtitle":null,"abstract":"How do the economy, right-wing legacies, and personal style shape today’s\r\nautocracies? Analysts have commented that especially three contemporary autocrats—Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Narendra Modi, and Rodrigo Duterte—have similar styles, motivations, or bases of support. Yet, this paper will show that the paths that took them to their thrones are quite distinct. Neoliberalization had disorganized society in Turkey, India, and the Philippines. The rule of “strongmen,” in response, showed the way out of this disorganization. The main divergence, however, is that Erdoğanism introduced statism and mass organization as against the disorganizing thrust of neoliberalization. Modi parallels Erdoğan in the civic paramilitary aspects of rule, but not in statism. Other than a weak infrastructure thrust, Duterte did not make the economy into a central issue in the way Erdoğan and Modi did. Moreover, he did not deploy civic activism at all. These three routes have thoroughly shaped and differentiated the autocrats’ styles too, even though all involve a heavy resort to masculinity. Coming from a thick tradition of mass politics and moving in a state-capitalist direction, Erdoğan’s performance incorporates women’s civic mobilization and heavily emphasizes fertility and productivity. Shorn of such anchors and bedeviled by a fragmented polity, Duterte’s rule sexualizes violence rather than production. Modi’s celibate masculinity is similar to Erdoğan’s in its dramatization of size and production but downplays reproduction, except for deepening the ethnic divide his party relies on. These differences have culminated in hegemonic autocracy in Turkey, ethnic autocracy in India, and oligarchic autocracy in the Philippines.","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"hegemony"},{"word":"autocracy"},{"word":"oligarchy"},{"word":"neoliberalism"},{"word":"Masculinity"},{"word":"right-wing movements"},{"word":"statism"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5368g17d","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Cihan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tuğal","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":"Sociology"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T19:35:48+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T08:57:58+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1497/galley/1056/download/"}]},{"pk":1502,"title":"Trumpism’s Paleoconservative Roots and Dealignment","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Trumpism"},{"word":"Paleoconservatism"}],"section":"Essay","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3hd329fh","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jeffrey","middle_name":"","last_name":"Bloodworth","name_suffix":"","institution":"Gannon University","department":"History"}],"date_submitted":"2023-07-04T19:29:22+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-07-05T09:45:34+01:00","date_published":"2023-07-04T23:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jrws/article/1502/galley/1060/download/"}]},{"pk":41757,"title":"Washington State trigoniids (Bivalvia) from the conglomerate of Patterson Lake (Early Cretaceous)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Despite more than 150 years of research on the Jurassic and Cretaceous trigoniid bivalves of the Pacific Coast of North America, little mention is made of Washington State trigoniids. In this study, five trigoniid species from the Methow Basin are documented from three sites in the Lower Cretaceous conglomerate of Patterson Lake (cPL). Three of the species, Yaadia whiteavesi, Columbitrigonia condoni, and Notoscabrotrigonia oregana, are well-known in the literature. The other two, Parvitrigonia n. gen. cooperi n. sp. and Earlpackardia methowensis n. sp. are undescribed rutitrigoniids. These identifications revise the faunal lists from previous geological studies of the Methow Basin and allow a middle Albian age assignment to the upper portion of the cPL.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","text":"\nReaders are free to:
\nUnder the following terms:
\nNotices:
\nYou do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
\nNo warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Keywords: Trigoniids, Washington State, conglomerate of Patterson Lake, Methow Basin, Early Cretaceous"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27q4j8sj","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"Keith","last_name":"Halligan","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Washington Burke Museum","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-03-02T03:57:50Z","date_accepted":"2022-03-02T03:57:50Z","date_published":"2023-07-03T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41757/galley/31224/download/"}]},{"pk":17598,"title":"Utility of Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Could It Be Useful?","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Anterior shoulder dislocations (ASD) represent a common and painful orthopedic injury in the emergency department (ED). The management of ASD varies broadly from manual reductions via scapular manipulation with or without pain medication to procedural sedation and anesthesia (PSA), and various regional anesthesia (RA) techniques. The reduction approach often depends on the patient’s subjective pain response, the expected difficulty of reduction, and the physician’s experience with each method. Of the anesthetic options for difficult shoulder reductions, we generally favor RA techniques over PSA. While several RA techniques have been discussed in the literature, one technique that has yet to be analyzed is the supraclavicular brachial plexus nerve block (SBP). We believe there is evidence to suggest that the SBP would serve as an excellent anesthetic option for patients with ASD and significant pain or an expected difficult reduction.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"regional anesthesia, supraclavicular brachial plexus, anterior shoulder dislocation"}],"section":"Clinical Practice","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kg6m5x7","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shalaby","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center Miami Beach, Miami Beach, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Melissa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center Miami Beach, Miami Beach, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Lam","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tran","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center Miami Beach, Miami Beach, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Robert","middle_name":"","last_name":"Farrow","name_suffix":"","institution":"Mount Sinai Medical Center Miami Beach, Miami Beach, Florida","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-10-23T00:38:03+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-10-23T00:38:03+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-30T22:37:30+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17598/galley/8980/download/"}]},{"pk":16436,"title":"Block Time: A Multispecialty Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-guided Upper Extremity Nerve Blocks","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nUltrasound-guided peripheral nerve blockade is a common pain management strategy to decrease perioperative pain and opioid/general anesthetic use. In this article our goal was to systematically review publications supporting upper extremity nerve blocks distal to the brachial plexus.We assessed the efficacy and safety of median, ulnar, radial, suprascapular, and axillary nerve blocks by reviewing previous studies.\nMethods: \nWe searched MEDLINE and Embase databases to capture studies investigating these nerve blocks across all specialties. We screened titles and abstracts according to agreed-upon inclusion/exclusion criteria. We then conducted a hand search of references to identify studies not found in the initial search strategy.\nResults: \nWe included 20 studies with1,273 enrolled patients in qualitative analysis. Both anesthesiology (12, 60%) and emergency medicine (5, 25%) specialties have evidence of safe and effective use of radial, ulnar, median, suprascapular, and axillary blocks for numerous clinical applications. Recently, multiple randomized controlled trials show suprascapular nerve blocks may result in lower pain scores in patients with shoulder dislocations and rotator cuff injuries, as well as in patients undergoing anesthesia for shoulder surgery.\nConclusion:\n Distal upper extremity nerve blocks under ultrasound guidance may be safe, practical strategies for both acute and chronic pain in perioperative,emergent, and outpatient settings. These blocks provide accessible, opioid-sparing pain management, and their use across multiple specialties may be expanded with increased procedural education of trainees.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"ultrasonography"},{"word":"anesthesia"},{"word":"Emergency Medicine"},{"word":"regional anesthesia"},{"word":"Nerve Blocks"},{"word":"upper extremity"}],"section":"Technology in Emergency Care","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6464x26q","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Campbell","middle_name":"Belisle","last_name":"Haley","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Beauchesne","name_suffix":"","institution":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts","department":"None"},{"first_name":"John","middle_name":"Christian","last_name":"Fox","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ariana","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Nelson","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Orange, California","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-01-11T03:59:12Z","date_accepted":"2022-01-11T03:59:12Z","date_published":"2023-06-30T22:25:41+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16436/galley/8317/download/"}]},{"pk":17503,"title":"A Real-World Experience: Retrospective Review of Point-of-Care Ultrasound Utilization and Quality in Community Emergency Departments","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is commonly used in the emergency department (ED) as a rapid diagnostic tool. Emergency medicine (EM) has been an early adopter of POCUS with indications expanding over the last 10 years. While the literature describes widespread use among academic sites, there is little data on clinical POCUS utilization at non-academic EDs. We sought to describe community emergency physician (EP) use of POCUS by quantifying the number and type of studies performed, characteristics of the performing physician, and quality metrics.\nMethods:\n Prior to the study period, all EPs underwent a standardized training and credentialing program. A retrospective review of all POCUS studies across 11 non-academic EDs from October 1, 2018–September 30, 2020 was performed by fellowship-trained physicians, who identified physician, exam type, and residency graduation year. The studies were then cross-referenced with quality review reports that assessed image acquisition, image interpretation, and image labeling. We performed descriptive statistics.\nResults:\n During the study period, 5,099 POCUS studies were performed by 170 EPs. Exams most frequently performed were cardiac (24%), focused assessment of sonography in trauma (21.7%), and pregnancy (16.2%). Recent EM residency graduates (<10 years) were higher utilizers of POCUS with a group mean of 1.3 exams per 100 patients. Of the studies done, 86% had no quality issues.\nConclusion:\n Community POCUS demonstrates a heavy focus on core exams performed by recent EM residency graduates with minimal quality issues after a standardized training program. This study is the first to quantify actual community POCUS use in multiple EDs and may impact credentialing and skills maintenance requirements.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Point-of-Care Ultrasound, POCUS, utilization, quality, Practice-Based Pathway, Privileging, Emergency Medicine, Community POCUS"}],"section":"Emergency Department Operations","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2069728b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Courtney","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Smalley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cleveland Clinic Health System","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Erin","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Simon","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Department of Emergency Medicine, Akron, Ohio; Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"McKinsey","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Muir","name_suffix":"","institution":"Cleveland Clinic Health System, Emergency Services Institute, Cleveland, Ohio","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Baruch","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Fertel","name_suffix":"","institution":"Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-09-22T21:08:19+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-09-22T21:08:19+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-30T22:14:50+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17503/galley/8922/download/"}]},{"pk":17764,"title":"Single-step Optimization in Triaging Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes: Identifying Factors to Improve Door-to-groin Time for Endovascular Therapy","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\n Although acute stroke endovascular therapy (EVT) has dramatically improved outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusions (LVO), access to EVT-capable centers remains limited, particularly in rural areas. Therefore, it is essential to optimize triage systems for EVT-eligible patients. One strategy may be the use of a telestroke network that typically consists of multiple spoke sites that receive a consultation to determine appropriateness of patient transfer to an EVT-capable hub site. Standardization of AIS protocols may be necessary to achieve target door-to groin (DTG) times of less than 60 minutes in EVT-eligible patients upon hub arrival. Specifically, the decision to obtain vascular imaging at the transferring hub site vs delaying until arrival at the hub is controversial. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with reduced DTG time in LVO-AIS patients.\nMethods:\n We performed a retrospective chart review for all patients treated over a 3.5-year period at our home hub institution. Patients were classified as telestroke transfers, non-telestroke transfers, and direct-to-hub presentations.Werecorded demographic information, DTG time, reperfusion status, length of stay (LOS), functional status at discharge, seven-day mortality, and the site where vascular imaging—computed tomography angiography (CTA)—was obtained. We performed binary logistic regression to identify factors associated with DTG <60 minutes.\nResults:\n In the sample of EVT-eligible patients (n = 383), CTA was performed at the spoke site prior to transfer to the hub institution in 53% of cases. Further, 59% of telestroke transfer cases received a CTA prior to transfer compared to only 40% of non-telestroke transfers (59 vs 40%, P = 0.01). A Door-to-groin time <60 minutes was achieved in 67% of transfer patients who received pre-transfer CTA compared to only 22% of transfer patients who received CTA upon hub arrival and 17% of patients who presented directly to the hub. Ultimately, transfer patients who received CTA prior to transfer were 7.2 times more likely to have a DTG <60 minutes compared to those who did not (OR 7.2, 95% confidence interval 3.5–14.7; P < 0.001).\nConclusion: \nPre-transfer computed tomography angiography was the only significant predictor of achieving target door-to-groin times of less than 60 minutes. Because DTG time has been well established as a predictor of clinical outcomes, including pre-transfer CTA in a standardized acute ischemic stroke protocol may prove beneficial. Our findings also illustrate the need to optimize direct-to hub stroke alerts and telestroke relationships to minimize workflow disruptions, which became more apparent during the pandemic.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Stroke, EMS triage, Large vessel occlusion"}],"section":"Health Outcomes","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sg341th","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rawson","name_suffix":"","institution":"West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ashley","middle_name":"","last_name":"Petrone","name_suffix":"","institution":"West Virginia University, Department of Pathology, Morgantown, West Virginia","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Amelia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Adcock","name_suffix":"","institution":"West Virginia University, Department of Neurology; Cerebrovascular Division, Morgantown, West Virginia","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2023-01-19T18:30:39Z","date_accepted":"2023-01-19T18:30:39Z","date_published":"2023-06-30T22:04:10+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17764/galley/9071/download/"}]},{"pk":17358,"title":"Disparities in Emergency Department Naloxone and Buprenorphine Initiation","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nPrescribing of buprenorphine and naloxone in the emergency department (ED) has been shown to be an effective intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of prescribing of naloxone and buprenorphine and the sub-groups that may be more or less likely to receive treatment.\nMethods:\nWe used a national electronic health record database to identify patients with opioid poisoning or overdose presenting between January 2019–December 2021. Patients who were prescribed naloxone or buprenorphine were identified in this dataset and then further segmented based on selfidentified gender, age, racial and ethnic identity, income categories, and social vulnerability index in order to identify sub-groups that may be less likely to be prescribed treatment.\nResults: \nWe found 74,004 patients in the database whom we identified as presenting to the ED with an opioid poisoning or overdose. Overall, 22.8% were discharged with a prescription for naloxone, while 0.9% of patients were discharged with buprenorphine products. Patients were less likely to receive naloxone prescriptions if they were female, White or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic, not between the ages of 18–65, and non-English speaking. We found the same pattern for buprenorphine prescriptions except that the results were not significant for ethnicity and English-speaking.\nConclusion: \nDespite evidence supporting its use, buprenorphine is not prescribed from the ED in a substantial proportion of patients. Naloxone is prescribed to a higher percentage, although still a minority of patients receive it. Some sub-groups are disadvantaged in the prescribing of these products. Further study may assist in improving the prescribing of these therapies.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"naloxone"},{"word":"buprenorphine"},{"word":"disparities"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"MOUD"}],"section":"Behavioral Health","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/29t7788m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Joan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Papp","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Metro Health Campus of Case Western Reserve University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"Louis","last_name":"Emerman","name_suffix":"","institution":"MetroHealth Campus of Case Western Reserve University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-08-27T17:40:37+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-08-27T17:40:37+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-30T21:52:27+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17358/galley/8820/download/"}]},{"pk":48273,"title":"Effective Learning in the Modern Classroom","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Effective learning is viewed as an evolutionary process, and as such, it involves an expanded version of the Crenshaw-Collins view of \nintersectionality.\n It demands an in-depth view of the complex socio-cultural-ethnic milieu in which students are embedded. Even more, effective learning requires effectance problem-solving, investigation and semiotics, along with effectance motivation, to form a quadripartite framework for effectance holism, which becomes the foundation for equity. Equity in the classroom requires shared human experience, research, process, ideas, as well as product. Effectance motivation associates walking, awareness, attention, perception, thinking and adapting to one’s environmental conditions that encourage effective, competent interactions of students with their surroundings. Arguably, effectance, rather \neffective\n, motivation is evidentiary in childhood development, and is responsible for acquisition of increased intellectual awakenings in the home and in the classroom. However, effective motivation alone is self-limiting. I include effective problem-solving, investigation and semiotics into the equation. That students are active, constructive participants in the learning process is also evidentiary. With Susan Harter effectance motivation encompasses the developing intellect of children and evolution of their independence, mastery, competency and success. Against this background of scholarship research, Gardner’s \nmultiple intelligences\n portray student success and motivation as a pathway \nonly\n to stereotypical roles, without any educational value. In contrast, \negosystem\n provides a viable framework for understanding students and their complex makeup. In fact, I argue that frames of reference\n \nshould replace \nframes of mind\n. In terms of the value of learning through the arts, early modernism, especially Dada and Surrealism, have inspired students to reimagine their own art as having, not only intrinsic aesthetic value, but also extrinsic narrative value as social-political commentary. Essentially, art and design education must reimagine what students \ncould\n do, if only they did not have to conform to a set curriculum, and were allowed to research art history on their own, explore their personal passions and experiment with various art forms.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Effective Learning, Motivation, Semiotics, Investigation, Egosystem, Holism, Intersectionality"}],"section":"Teaching and Learning through the Arts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cs129c3","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Christopher","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nokes","name_suffix":"","institution":"Etobicoke School of the Arts\nOntario Association of Architects\nOntario College of Teachers","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-07-09T20:39:34+01:00","date_accepted":"2021-07-09T20:39:34+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-29T23:29:30+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48273/galley/36336/download/"}]},{"pk":48281,"title":"Expanding Equity in the Early Grades through Art and Nature Study","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article reviews evidence that children in the early grades benefit from aesthetic education and encounters with the natural world. The goal of kindergarten is examined, along with how the youngest members of a kindergarten cohort can be disadvantaged by an over emphasis on reading skills. Effective ways that early elementary teachers can awaken children’s desire to learn through hands-on aesthetic and nature study projects are described.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Kindergarten, Art, Aesthetic Education, Nature Study, Early Elementary"}],"section":"Arts and Sciences","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w28q04m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Liane","middle_name":"","last_name":"Brouillette","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Irvine","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-09-28T00:49:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2021-09-28T00:49:04+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-29T23:21:19+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48281/galley/36340/download/"}]},{"pk":48271,"title":"“Beyond the 'ordinariness'”: Arts-based teacher education","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This article documents work with pre/in service teachers who are university students across three universities in three regions of the US, across multiple courses. Given our shared concern about the narrowing of space for imaginative literacy practices in schools, we focus on our collective use of open-ended, arts-based pedagogies as a way to challenge how we, as instructors, and our students conceive of literacy practices. A collection of Shaun Tan texts (including picturebooks, wordless graphic novels, and other multimodal/media texts for young people) served as focus texts across our three classroom contexts. We found surprise, a problematizing of narrow literacy definitions, and flexibility were all common ways of responding to this open-ended, arts-based literacy work. It resulted in tensions around and challenges of conventional or \nordinary \nclassroom literacy practices and pedagogical choices.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"arts-based pedagogies"},{"word":"teacher education"},{"word":"literacy education"},{"word":"children’s literature"}],"section":"Language Arts","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6gc147h0","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Ashley","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Dallacqua","name_suffix":"","institution":"The University of New Mexico","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sara","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kersten-Parrish","name_suffix":"","institution":"John Carroll University","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mindi","middle_name":"","last_name":"Rhoades","name_suffix":"","institution":"The Ohio State University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-05-17T23:43:55+01:00","date_accepted":"2021-05-17T23:43:55+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-29T23:05:37+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48271/galley/36334/download/"}]},{"pk":1471,"title":"Editorial","subtitle":null,"abstract":null,"language":"eng","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[],"section":"Front Matter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zh449r2","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Steven","middle_name":"R","last_name":"Gullberg","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Oklahoma","department":"College of Professional and Continuing Studies"}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-29T06:00:00+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-29T18:39:32+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-29T06:00:00+01:00","render_galley":{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jac/article/1471/galley/1038/download/"},"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jac/article/1471/galley/1038/download/"}]},{"pk":17537,"title":"Addressing Emergency Department Care for Patients Experiencing Incarceration: A Narrative Review","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Patients experiencing incarceration face a multitude of healthcare disparities. These patients are disproportionately affected by a variety of chronic medical conditions. Patients who are incarcerated often remain shackled throughout their hospital course, experience bias from members of the healthcare team, and have many barriers to privacy given the omnipresence of corrections officers. Despite this, many physicians report little formal training on caring for this unique patient population. In this narrative review, we examine the current literature on patients who are incarcerated, especially as it pertains to their care in the emergency department (ED).We also propose solutions to address these barriers to care in the ED setting.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"incarceration"},{"word":"Social EM"},{"word":"quality of care"},{"word":"disparities"},{"word":"prison"}],"section":"Health Equity","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83n5g1tz","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"E.","last_name":"Armstrong, MD","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Miami, Miami, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Kristopher","middle_name":"A.","last_name":"Hendershot, MD","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Miami, Miami, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Naomi","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"Newton, MD","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Miami, Miami, Florida","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Patricia","middle_name":"D.","last_name":"Panakos, MD","name_suffix":"","institution":"Jackson Health System, Miami, Florida","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-10-01T04:28:51+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-10-01T04:28:51+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-28T17:51:16+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17537/galley/8942/download/"}]},{"pk":17187,"title":"Examining Predictors of Early Admission and Transfer to the Critical Care Resuscitation Unit","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \nPrevious studies have demonstrated that rapid transfer to definitive care improves the outcomes for many time-sensitive conditions. The critical care resuscitation unit (CCRU) improves the operations of the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) by expediting the transfers and resuscitations for critically ill patients who exceed the resources at other facilities. In this study we investigated CCRU transfer patterns to determine patient characteristics and logistical factors that influence bed assignments and transfer to the CCRU. We hypothesized that CCRU physicians prioritize transfer for critically ill patients. Therefore, those patients would be transferred faster.\nMethods:\n We performed a retrospective review of all non-traumatic adult patients transferred to the CCRU from other hospitals between January 1–December 31, 2018. The primary outcome was the interval from transfer request to CCRU bed assignment. The secondary outcome was the interval from transfer request to CCRU arrival. We used multivariate logistic regressions to determine associations with the outcomes of interest.\nResults:\n A total of 1,741 patients were admitted to the CCRU during the 2018 calendar year. Of those patients, 1,422 were transferred from other facilities and were included in the final analysis. Patients’ mean age was 57 ± 17 years with a median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 3 [interquartile range 1-6]. Median time from transfer request to CCRU bed assignment was 8 (0-70) minutes. A total of 776 (55%) patients underwent surgical intervention after arrival. Using the median transfer request to bed assignment time, we found that patients requiring stroke neurology (odds ratio [OR] 5.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.85-10.86), having higher SOFA score (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.001-1.07), and needing an immediate operation (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.98-4.13) were associated with immediate bed assignment time (≤8 minutes). Patients who were operated on (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55-0.99) were significantly less likely to have an immediate bed assignment time.\nConclusion: \nThe CCRU expedited the transfer of critically ill patients who needed urgent interventions from outside facilities. Higher SOFA scores and the need for urgent neurological or surgical intervention were associated with near-immediate CCRU bed assignment. Other institutions with similar models to the CCRU should perform studies to confirm our observations.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Critical care"},{"word":"emergency department"},{"word":"interhospital transfer"},{"word":"Regional ICU"},{"word":"Resuscitation unit"},{"word":"triage"}],"section":"Critical Care","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79w5193m","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Quincy","middle_name":"K.","last_name":"Tran","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;University of Maryland School of Medicine, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Maryland Medical Center, The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Najafali","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, Illinois","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tiffany","middle_name":"","last_name":"Cao","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, The Research Associate Program in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Najafali","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, The Research Associate Program in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Nelson","middle_name":"","last_name":"Chen","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Iana","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sahadzic","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, The Research Associate Program in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ikram","middle_name":"","last_name":"Afridi","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, The Research Associate Program in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Ann","middle_name":"","last_name":"Matta","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland Medical Center, The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"","last_name":"Teeter","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;University of Maryland School of Medicine, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Maryland Medical Center, The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"J","last_name":"Haase","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;University of Maryland School of Medicine, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Maryland Medical Center, The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit, Baltimore, Maryland","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-08-09T18:26:01+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-08-09T18:26:01+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-28T17:32:14+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17187/galley/8686/download/"}]},{"pk":35182,"title":"Preliminary Impressions on Champang Language: A Field Report with a few Grammar Notes","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This paper intends to introduce a Tangsa Naga language variety, Champang, in a very detailed and descriptive manner. Champang is an undocumented, undescribed and unwritten language that belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family. This language, therefore, doesn’t have any significant written literature. There is no work found directly relating to any of its various aspects, such as, its culture, history, religion, and the like areas. Nevertheless, many linguists have mentioned about Champang while giving a detailed description of the various Tangsa Naga varieties that are spoken along the South-East Asian belt, including Myanmar, Arunachal Pradesh, and some parts of Upper Assam.\n \nThis paper is the outcome of my first field visit to Yopakan, a remote village at the top of the Patkai mountains, in the Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh in India. In India, besides Yopakan, there are around twelve more villages where the Champang people are found living peacefully with other tribes. However, the highest concentration of Champang population is found in Yopakan itself.\n \nThe paper begins with some background information about the language and the community. Then it goes on to illustrate the methodology adopted, and the equipment and the metadata used while undertaking this research activity. Further, the paper demonstrates the initial findings of the research by providing a detailed overview of the consonant and vowel inventory of the language, as well as its morphological and syntactic features.","language":"en","license":null,"keywords":[{"word":"Champang"},{"word":"Tangsa Naga"},{"word":"Tibeto-Burman"}],"section":"Languages and Peoples of the Eastern Himalayan Region","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/57k9r3v9","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Asifa","middle_name":"","last_name":"Begum","name_suffix":"","institution":"Gauhati University","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2022-07-22T17:29:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-07-22T17:29:04+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-22T04:00:38+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/35182/galley/26190/download/"}]},{"pk":41746,"title":"Caecidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from late Miocene exposures of the “Imperial” Formation in Riverside County, California","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Three Caecidae species from two genera have been recovered from the late Miocene “Imperial” Formation exposed in Super Creek, north and slightly east of Whitewater, Riverside County, southern California. These specimens record the first fossil Caecidae from California older than Pleistocene. The three taxa are \nCaecum brasilicum \nde Folin, 1874, \nMeioceras nitidum \n(Stimpson, 1851), and a new species of \nCaecum\n named \nC. roederi\n n. sp., in honor of friend and colleague Mark Roeder. \nCaecum brasilicum \nand \nM. nitidum \noccur today in the central-western Atlantic Ocean and their previous fossil occurrences are also there. The occurrence of these Atlantic species in the “Imperial” Formation is not surprising as > 8% of the Super Creek fauna has a Caribbean origin at the species level because of the then submerged Panama seaway that allowed water from the western Atlantic to flow freely into the eastern Pacific.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","text":"\nReaders are free to:
\nUnder the following terms:
\nNotices:
\nYou do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
\nNo warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Gastropoda, Caecidae, Caecum, Meioceras, California, Miocene, “Imperial” Formation"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rx20642","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bret","middle_name":"","last_name":"Raines","name_suffix":"","institution":"Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Charles","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Powell","name_suffix":"","institution":"U.S. Geological Survey","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Patrick","middle_name":"","last_name":"LaFollette","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Malacology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-06-24T19:14:04+01:00","date_accepted":"2021-06-24T19:14:04+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-16T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41746/galley/31217/download/"}]},{"pk":45885,"title":"Benign Erythroblastemia","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5v55s588","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Evangelia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kirimis","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2023-06-15T18:22:02+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45885/galley/34617/download/"}]},{"pk":45884,"title":"“Difficult to Treat Post-operative Hypothyroidism in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Prostate Cancer, Treated with Apalutamide and Androgen Deprivation Therapy”","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31s347jb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jennifer","middle_name":"","last_name":"Fuh","name_suffix":"DO","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"},{"first_name":"Shahram","middle_name":"","last_name":"Shafi","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2023-06-15T18:20:25+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45884/galley/34616/download/"}]},{"pk":45883,"title":"Carcinoid Tumor with Liver Metastases","subtitle":null,"abstract":"","language":"eng","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinical Vignette"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53p7c3zb","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Evangelia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Kirimis","name_suffix":"MD","institution":"University of California, Los 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Angeles","department":"Medicine"}],"date_submitted":null,"date_accepted":null,"date_published":"2023-06-15T17:40:31+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45856/galley/34588/download/"}]},{"pk":62878,"title":"A Note on Conservative Mixing: Implications for Selecting Salinity-Transport Model Constituents in the San Francisco Estuary","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The deviation of specific electrical conductance (EC) from conservative mixing behavior is well-established in the scientific literature. This principle is based on the observation that, as salt concentration in a water sample increases, the mobility of individual ions in the sample decreases, and thus their ability to conduct electricity decreases. Despite this fact, some commonly used models for salinity transport in the San Francisco Estuary (estuary) utilize EC as a primary simulation constituent, treating it as a conservative quantity. Such a modeling approach has likely been followed to exploit the wide availability of EC data for model calibration and validation, and to obviate the need to translate between EC and salinity in a domain characterized by multiple source waters with varying ionic make-ups. Arguably, this approach provides a reasonable trade-off between data translation error and model simulation error. In this paper, we critically evaluate this approach, employing an extensive salinity data set that includes measurements of EC and major ion concentrations in the estuary. We demonstrate and quantify EC deviation from steady-state, conservative mixing behavior; review the conservative mixing behavior of three bulk salinity measures (practical salinity, ionic strength, and limiting equivalent conductance); and evaluate their source-dependent correlations with EC in the estuary. We find limiting equivalent conductance—a value that assumes uninhibited mobility among individual ions in a water sample—to be an attractive alternative for salinity transport in the estuary. In addition to being a conservative quantity, it is consistently correlated with EC in the estuary’s dominant source waters, and thus addresses concerns related to data-translation error. We conclude this paper discussing pros and cons of adopting various salinity-transport model constituents.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"practical salinity, ionic strength, limiting equivalent conductance, estuarine mixing, salinity transport modeling"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q52q4d5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Paul","middle_name":"H.","last_name":"Hutton","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tetra Tech, Lafayette, CA 94549","department":""},{"first_name":"Sujoy","middle_name":"B.","last_name":"Roy","name_suffix":"","institution":"Tetra Tech, Lafayette, CA 94549","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-09T07:16:34+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-09T07:16:34+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-15T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62878/galley/48563/download/"}]},{"pk":62876,"title":"Flow Augmentations Modify an Estuarine Prey Field","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Zooplankton density and community composition in estuaries can be affected by variation in freshwater inputs, with important implications for higher trophic levels. In the San Francisco Estuary, management agencies have initiated autumn flow augmentations in the form of changes to reservoir releases or to exported water from the South Delta to increase and improve available habitat for endangered Delta Smelt, \nHypomesus transpacificus\n, during the season when their body condition most influences fecundity. Autumn flow augmentation only occurs in years with higher precipitation, effectively moving the Low-Salinity Zone (LSZ) downstream to key foraging habitats for Delta Smelt in Suisun Bay and Suisun Marsh. To assess whether augmented flow enhanced prey resources for Delta Smelt, we compared autumn zooplankton abundance, biomass, spatial distribution, and community composition in years when flow was augmented (2017, 2019) with reference years when flow was not augmented (2018, 2020). In augmented years, we detected higher total zooplankton abundance and altered community composition in Suisun Bay and Suisun Marsh. Increased freshwater in these regions was associated with higher abundance of \nPseudodiaptomus forbesi\n, a preferred prey of Delta Smelt, while species associated with higher salinities—\nAcartiella sinensis\n and \nTortanus dextrilobatus\n—were less abundant. Thus, autumn flow augmentations can influence foraging habitat and prey availability for Delta Smelt, underscoring the complex responses of estuarine zooplankton communities to changes in response to flow and salinity regimes. This study is management- relevant because it shows that important Delta Smelt prey items increase in downstream regions when X2 is lower. Whether that results in a response in Delta Smelt abundance remains to be seen.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"zooplankton, X2, outflow, estuarine hydrology, Delta Smelt"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1q21p670","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Calvin","middle_name":"Y.","last_name":"Lee","name_suffix":"","institution":"ICF, Sacramento, CA 95814","department":""},{"first_name":"April","middle_name":"G.","last_name":"Smith","name_suffix":"","institution":"ICF, Sacramento, CA 95814","department":""},{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"L.","last_name":"Hassrick","name_suffix":"","institution":"ICF, Sacramento, CA 95814","department":""},{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Kalmbach","name_suffix":"","institution":"ICF, Sacramento, CA 95814","department":""},{"first_name":"Megan","middle_name":"C.","last_name":"Sabal","name_suffix":"","institution":"ICF, Sacramento, CA 95814","department":""},{"first_name":"Daniel","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Cox","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife\nStockton, CA 95206","department":""},{"first_name":"Lenny","middle_name":"F.","last_name":"Grimaldo","name_suffix":"","institution":"California Department of Water Resources\nSacramento, CA 95814","department":""},{"first_name":"Andrew","middle_name":"","last_name":"Schultz","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, \nUtah FAC Complex\nVernal, UT 84078","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-09T06:29:37+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-09T06:29:37+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-15T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62876/galley/48560/download/"}]},{"pk":62877,"title":"Habitat Use by Breeding Waterbirds in Relation to Tidal Marsh Restoration in the San Francisco Bay Estuary","subtitle":null,"abstract":"The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project aims to restore many former salt production ponds, now managed for wildlife and water quality, to tidal marsh. However, because managed ponds support large densities of breeding waterbirds, reduction of pond habitat may influence breeding waterbird distribution and abundance. We investigated habitat use associated with breeding, feeding, and roosting behaviors during the breeding season for American Avocets (\nRecurvirostra americana\n), Black-necked Stilts (\nHimantopus mexicanus\n), Forster’s Terns (\nSterna forsteri\n), and Caspian Terns (\nHydroprogne caspia\n) in south San Francisco Bay in 2019 after substantial tidal marsh restoration, and compared results to a 2001 survey (before restoration). In 2019, managed ponds (26% of currently available habitat) were selected by waterbirds engaged in breeding behaviors (> 39% of observations), foraging (> 42%), and roosting (> 73%). Waterbirds avoided tidal habitats (43% of available habitat), comprising < 17% of observations of breeding behavior, < 28% of foraging observations, and < 13% of roosting observations. Waterbird densities increased in managed ponds between 2001 and 2019, and decreased in active salt ponds, especially among feeding Avocets (92% decrease) and Stilts (100% decrease). Islands were important for waterbirds observed breeding and roosting (45% of Avocet and 53% of Tern observations). Avocets and Stilts fed primarily on wet bare ground (65% and 58%, respectively), whereas feeding Forster’s Terns and Caspian Terns used mostly open water (82% and 93%, respectively). Within ponds, Avocets were associated with islands (131 m closer than expected). Stilts and Forster’s Terns were also associated with islands (68 m and 161 m closer than expected), except when feeding (1 m closer and 90 m farther than expected). Avocets and Stilts were associated with pond levees (39 m and 41 m closer than expected), but Forster’s Terns were not (9 m closer than expected). Our results emphasize the importance of managed ponds for breeding and foraging waterbirds, including islands for breeding and roosting and levees for foraging.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"American Avocet, behavior, Black-necked Stilt, Black Skimmer, Caspian Tern, Forster’s Tern, managed ponds, micro-habitat, nesting islands, tidal marsh restoration"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g91r58b","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carley","middle_name":"R.","last_name":"Schacter","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nWestern Ecological Research Center\nDixon Field Station, Dixon, CA 95620","department":""},{"first_name":"C.","middle_name":"Alex","last_name":"Hartman","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nWestern Ecological Research Center\nDixon Field Station, Dixon, CA 95620","department":""},{"first_name":"Mark","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"Herzog","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nWestern Ecological Research Center\nDixon Field Station, Dixon, CA 95620","department":""},{"first_name":"Sarah","middle_name":"H.","last_name":"Peterson","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nWestern Ecological Research Center\nDixon Field Station, Dixon, CA 95620","department":""},{"first_name":"L.","middle_name":"Max","last_name":"Tarjan","name_suffix":"","institution":"San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory\nMilpitas, CA 95035\n\nCurrent address: NatureServe\nArlington, VA 22202","department":""},{"first_name":"Yiwei","middle_name":"","last_name":"Wang","name_suffix":"","institution":"San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory\nMilpitas, CA 95035","department":""},{"first_name":"Cheryl","middle_name":"","last_name":"Strong","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Don Edwards \nSan Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge\nFremont, CA 94555","department":""},{"first_name":"Rachel","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tertes","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Don Edwards \nSan Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge\nFremont, CA 94555","department":""},{"first_name":"Nils","middle_name":"","last_name":"Warnock","name_suffix":"","institution":"Point Blue Conservation Science\nPetaluma, CA 94954\n\nCurrent address: Audubon Canyon Ranch\nCypress Grove Research Center\nMarshall, CA 94940","department":""},{"first_name":"Joshua","middle_name":"T.","last_name":"Ackerman","name_suffix":"","institution":"US Geological Survey\nWestern Ecological Research Center\nDixon Field Station, Dixon, CA 95620","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-09T06:44:05+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-09T06:44:05+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-15T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62877/galley/48561/download/"}]},{"pk":5636,"title":"Use of water as a tool by a beluga (Delphinapterus leucas)","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Captive belugas (\nDelphinapterus leucas\n) often spit water as object play. One female beluga spit water at a ball to obtain it for play. We examined whether or not this behavior could be considered a tool-use behavior. When the ball was placed 10 cm from the poolside, the beluga poked the ball with her rostrum, while she often spit water at the ball at 50cm. This water-spitting behavior became more predominantly when the ball was placed at 30 cm or farther, corresponding to the maximum distance she could reach, suggesting her understanding of the cause-effect relationship. Next, the two balls were placed at 30 cm and 60 cm, and one was placed inside the rings, so it would not be easy to move it out by water-spitting. When the closer ball was placed in the ring, she tried to spit water at the ball farther away but without the ring, suggesting an understanding of efficiency in tool use. Furthermore, during this study, the beluga showed the behavior of throwing the ball obtained by spitting water at another one with her mouth. This generalization may be based on the causal understanding established through water-spitting.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Tool use, Water-spitting, Beluga, Cetaceans"}],"section":"Research Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6k07p569","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Masaki","middle_name":"","last_name":"Tomonaga","name_suffix":"","institution":"Japan Monkey Centre","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tomoko","middle_name":"","last_name":"Mori","name_suffix":"","institution":"Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Sayo","middle_name":"","last_name":"Nishimoto","name_suffix":"","institution":"Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Miho","middle_name":"","last_name":"Itou","name_suffix":"","institution":"Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2023-02-23T10:50:25Z","date_accepted":"2023-02-23T10:50:25Z","date_published":"2023-06-15T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5636/galley/3405/download/"}]},{"pk":41781,"title":"2023 Western Association of Vertebrate Paleontology Annual Meeting: Program with Abstracts","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Program and abstracts from the 2023 annual meeting of the Western Association of Vertebrate Paleontology.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","text":"\nReaders are free to:
\nUnder the following terms:
\nNotices:
\nYou do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
\nNo warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Geology, Paleontology, Vertebrata"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zf3x8qt","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"William","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gelnaw","name_suffix":"","institution":"John D. Cooper Laboratory, Orange County Parks, Santa Ana, CA","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Meena","middle_name":"","last_name":"Madan Richards","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Tony","middle_name":"","last_name":"Huntley","name_suffix":"","institution":"Saddleback College, Mission Viejo, CA","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-12T20:46:45+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-12T20:46:45+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-12T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41781/galley/31236/download/"}]},{"pk":41780,"title":"Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, Part II: The pteriomorphs","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Systematic documentation of pteriomorph bivalves of the late Eocene–early Oligocene Keasey Formation in western Oregon follows previous monographic treatments of the anomalodesmatans and heteroconchs. It includes material from coeval Cascadia Margin strata in southwestern Washington in the context of major molluscan faunal turnover during the dramatic doubthouse climate transition from an ice-free tropical marine environment to the establishment of permanent polar ice caps and a cold temperate marine climate. The families represented are Crenellidae, Parallelodontidae, Glycymerididae, Limopsidae, Isognomonidae, Pectinidae, Propeamussiidae, and Limidae. New taxa include the genus\n Bathyisognomon\n and five new species: \nLimopsis squiresi\n, \nBathyisognomon smithwickensis\n, \nDelectopecten kieli\n, \nDelectopecten keaseyorum\n, and \nPropeamussium (Parvamussium) mistensis\n. Small to minute mud pectens and glass scallops are among the most abundant and frequent taxa in the Keasey fauna, although they are poorly preserved and have been overlooked heretofore. Pteriomorphs are prominent elements of recurring associations of species in mudstone and fine-grained siltstone facies adjacent to three Keasey cold methane seeps. Previously described Keasey anomalodesmatans and heteroconchs in these seep-adjacent strata have living relatives adapted to dysoxia and toxic geochemistry. Because the unique macrofaunal associations in these settings are neither seep fauna nor part of the background fauna, this paper introduces and defines the concept of a transitional \nperi-seep biotope\n. Relationships, monophyly, systematic resolution within major pteriomorph groups, and global biogeographic distributions are reviewed in each systematic treatment. Recurring patterns include occurrences in active margin settings, inferred oscillatory deepening of the calcium carbonate compensation depth, late Eocene origin of two-layered oceans following establishment of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and biogeographic gateway changes that disrupted earlier Paleogene larval dispersal patterns.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","text":"\nReaders are free to:
\nUnder the following terms:
\nNotices:
\nYou do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
\nNo warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Eocene, bathyal, methane seep, peri-seep biotope, Cascadia Margin, doubthouse climate"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47m7252q","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carole","middle_name":"S.","last_name":"Hickman","name_suffix":"","institution":"Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Paleontology\nUniversity of California, Berkeley CA 94720–4780","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-08T23:26:11+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-08T23:26:11+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-08T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41780/galley/31235/download/"}]},{"pk":41748,"title":"Late Silurian to earliest Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Birch Creek II section, Roberts Mountains, Nevada, U.S.A.","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Intensive sampling of uppermost Silurian to lowermost Devonian levels of the marine sequence of the Roberts Mountains Formation exposed in the Birch Creek II section, Nevada has yielded assemblages of vertebrate microremains dominated by acanthodian scales. Taxonomic assessment of the vertebrates represented shows a suite and succession of taxa most similar to those recorded from contemporary circum-Arctic assemblages, with scales of the poracanthodid acanthodians \nPoracanthodes punctatus\n, \nP. canadensis\n, \nRadioporacanthodes porosus\n and ischnacanthid \nGomphonchus sandelensis \nmost abundant below the Silurian–Devonian (S–D) boundary (as previously determined by conodont and graptolite occurrences), and stem chondrichthyan ‘acanthodians’ \nNostovicina laticristata\n and other \nNostovicina \nspp. (order, family indet.) the most abundant above the boundary. Just one endemic acanthodian taxon, \nFunicristata nevadaensis\n nov. gen. nov. sp., was found, in the uppermost Silurian. Agnathan vertebrate remains are rare relative to acanthodian scales, with dermal fragments of heterostracans at fewer than 10 levels and scales of thelodonts from 12 levels scattered throughout the whole section. Thelodonts \nApalolepis\n, \nBarlowodus \nspp., ?\nBoreania\n, \nGonioporus alatus,\n \nLanarkia\n,\n Loganellia\n, \nNikolivia\n, \nTalivalia\n, \nThelodus\n, ?\nTurinia\n sp. and \nTrimerolepis \nspp.\n \nare found below the purported S–D boundary. Rare thelodont scales including \nBoreania\n sp. cf. \nminima\n, \nN. gutta\n and a single scale of\n ?Amaltheolepis\n sp. are found above the S–D boundary level. The only identifiable gnathostome remains of groups other than acanthodians are from the putative osteichthyan \nLophosteus\n sp. and chondrichthyans \nEllesmereia schultzei\n and \nPolymerolepis\n sp., in the uppermost Silurian levels.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0","short_name":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","text":"\nReaders are free to:
\nUnder the following terms:
\nNotices:
\nYou do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
\nNo warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"paleobiogeography, ‘Acanthodii’, Funicristata, Thelodonti, Heterostraci, Chondrichthyes, stem Osteichthyes"}],"section":"Article","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bb3q574","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Carole","middle_name":"Jan","last_name":"Burrow","name_suffix":"","institution":"Queensland Museum","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Michael","middle_name":"","last_name":"Murphy","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of California Riverside","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Susan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Turner","name_suffix":"","institution":"Queensland Museum","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2021-07-15T05:00:06+01:00","date_accepted":"2021-07-15T05:00:06+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-06T20:40:21+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41748/galley/31219/download/"}]},{"pk":55108,"title":"Cover photo","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This is the cover photo","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Forematter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25r80794","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"George","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sicner","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-06T06:15:32+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-06T06:15:32+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-06T06:16:25+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"image","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55108/galley/41494/download/"}]},{"pk":55107,"title":"Cover Letter","subtitle":null,"abstract":"This is the cover letter for volume nine issue one","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Forematter","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1ks8x992","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"George","middle_name":"","last_name":"Sicner","name_suffix":"","institution":"UC Berkeley","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-06-06T06:12:00+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-06-06T06:12:00+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-06T06:12:47+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55107/galley/41493/download/"}]},{"pk":39839,"title":"A new perspective on the distribution of Camachoaglaja africana (Pruvot-Fol, 1953) and Biuve fulvipunctata (Baba, 1938) (Gastropoda, Cephalaspidea) in the Mediterranean and the NE Atlantic","subtitle":null,"abstract":"During underwater monitoring, one specimen of \nCamachoaglaja africana\n and one of \nBiuve fulvipunctata \nwere found at the ‘Tavolara Punta Coda Cavallo’ Marine Protected Area, allowing to expand the known Mediterranean range of distribution of these two species. The finding of both species constitutes the first report for NE Sardinia and the whole Tyrrhenian Sea. By coupling data obtained from the analysis of social media and those present in the bibliography it was also possible to speculate on alternative pattern of distribution of these two species at a global scale. Finally, it is also confirmed the importance of repeated monitoring activities over time on the mooring buoys which act as steppingstone habitats for epifauna or for larval settlement and that are capable to provide important additional information on local biodiversity.","language":"en","license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Heterobranchia, Aglajidae, Tyrrhenian Sea, NE Sardinia, Mooring Buoys, Data Mining"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0b1866th","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Egidio","middle_name":"","last_name":"Trainito","name_suffix":"","institution":"Genoa Marine Centre Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Mauro","middle_name":"","last_name":"Doneddu","name_suffix":"","institution":"","department":"None"},{"first_name":"Giulia","middle_name":"","last_name":"Furfaro","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Salento","department":"None"}],"date_submitted":"2023-03-15T13:34:26Z","date_accepted":"2023-03-15T13:34:26Z","date_published":"2023-06-05T12:15:46+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39839/galley/30008/download/"}]},{"pk":55105,"title":"Ancient Information War within Greek Colonial Narratives: An Analysis of the Theraian-Cyrenean Founding Myth through Historiography and Archaeology","subtitle":null,"abstract":"During the Greek Archaic Period, the Greek world saw rapid development in culture, economy and political organization. These advancements led to increased prosperity and facilitated the formation of distinct political units. However, these developments introduced new pressures on these nascent governments, which led to waves of Greek colonization across the Mediterranean world. This introduced the new political relationship of ‘mother city’ and ‘colony’ into existing trans-Mediterranean networks, a complex structure that would play a large role in the politics of the Greek Classical Period. This paper explores the colonial foundation narrative of Cyrene, one of the most well documented foundation myths surviving, by looking at the competing and contrasting claims put forward by Cyrene and Thera. This paper examines the both the historical context and the geopolitical considerations at play behind the various components of the divergent traditions. In the context of today’s increasingly fractious information space, this paper serves to show that manipulation and distortion of political narratives is not a new phenomenon, and that in the end, the victim is usually the historical truth.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/060915fv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Jason","middle_name":"","last_name":"Huang","name_suffix":"","institution":"Northwestern","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-04-06T03:40:50+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-04-06T03:40:50+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-05T02:11:24+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55105/galley/41492/download/"}]},{"pk":55097,"title":"AGAINST FATE AND FORTUNE: The Ethics of Agency in Books 1-6 of Statius' Thebaid","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Statius' Thebaid, a Roman retelling of the infamous Oedipus myth, owes much to its literary forebears. The central tale the epic explores is borrowed from an ancient source: Greek accounts of an unlucky Oedipus and his unhappy offspring. But this first-century rendering is not a carbon copy of its antediluvian precedents, and Statius' treatments of fate, fortune, and human agency diverge distinctly from those of his most immediate narrative parallels. Indeed, it is in the Thebaid's departure from the causal framework of these assorted sources that its author's influence is most clear. \nThroughout the epic's early books, the doubled determinism of Statius' literary inheritance gives way to a possibility of ethical independence for creator and character alike. This mirroring effect—the author's compositional agency is employed to endow his actors with more expansive moral options—serves within the text both to ennoble autonomy and condemn those individuals unwilling or unable to eschew inauspicious pasts. And while the poem's predetermined end leaves little room for autochthonous action (Statius' loyalty to his sources is incomplete but not absent), the Thebaid's first six books provide readers with a roadmap to an alternative arena of human conduct. By adopting and adapting narrative features evident in the works of Aeschylus, Apollodorus, and others, the Thebaid's creator crafts a moral message of his own.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Statius, Thebaid, agency, Oedipus, Greece, Rome"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0pt3f10r","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Petra","middle_name":"Ruth","last_name":"Ellerby","name_suffix":"","institution":"Western Washington University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2022-10-05T02:58:17+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-10-05T02:58:17+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-03T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55097/galley/41491/download/"}]},{"pk":55096,"title":"Defining Amantem: Dido and Popular Modern English Translations of the Aeneid","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In the \nAeneid\n, Ancient Rome’s seminal epic poem and Vergil’s greatest work, a queen falls in love and later commits suicide. This queen’s name is Dido, and her story contains some of Vergil’s best poetry, but it has also long been a source of interpretive debate by translators. This paper seeks to illuminate how popular, modern, English translations of the \nAeneid\n have depicted this dynamic, tragic character. These translations (i.e. Ruben, Fitzgerald, Lewis, and others) are the ones read in classrooms and disseminated to the wider public. This paper will attempt to understand them by examining how a translator’s personality and philosophy affect their decisions about the translation’s fidelity, cadence, and expressiveness. It is a comprehensive outline of Dido’s journey through the modern age and how that journey may change as more translators come to the fore who have their own distinct, diverse stories. The \nAeneid\n lives through its translators; it grows as the translators do, and it falters too when they do. Dido is the perfect case study for that.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"translation"},{"word":"reception studies"},{"word":"Vergil"},{"word":"Aeneid"},{"word":"Latin"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1h32c2z5","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rebecca","middle_name":"","last_name":"Onken","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of San Diego","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2022-07-08T18:57:50+01:00","date_accepted":"2022-07-08T18:57:50+01:00","date_published":"2023-06-03T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55096/galley/41490/download/"}]},{"pk":55090,"title":"Manly Women and Womanly Men: An Analysis of Gender Stereotypes and Inversions in Terence’s Hecyra","subtitle":null,"abstract":"In Roman New Comedy, each role is a caricature informed by societal expectations: the passive \nmatrona\n, the grouchy \nuir\n, the abused but patient young \nuxor\n, the egotistical \nadulescens\n, and the self-serving \nmeretrix\n. \nHecyra \nstands out among Terence’s plays because it is unclear whether he is reinforcing or deconstructing these familiar stereotypes. Most scholars focus on the role of women, who are more involved in this play than any other by Terence. They seem to drive the plot forward and have more information than the men, but at the same time, they might be said to placate their husbands and sacrifice for their children. This begs the question, “Are the women in \nHecyra \nacting unusually?” This paper will examine the expectations of women in New Comedy in relation to scenes where women in \nHecyra \nmight be said to be contradicting their prescribed roles. This discussion will prove that the wives are not acting in unexpected ways. Although they are active characters, they behave as is proper for mothers and wives. The question then becomes, “Why do the \nHecyra \nwomen appear to be acting unusually to us?” To answer this, it will be necessary to look critically at the ways in which the women interact with the \nHecyra \nmen. As a result, it will become clear that it is not the women, but Pamphilus, the adulescens, himself who is defying gender expectations.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Ancient Rome"},{"word":"Roman New Comedy"},{"word":"Latin"},{"word":"Terence"},{"word":"Hecyra"},{"word":"Gender in Ancient Rome"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17j7v1xq","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Rowan","middle_name":"","last_name":"Barton","name_suffix":"","institution":"Willamette University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2022-01-03T22:31:34Z","date_accepted":"2022-01-03T22:31:34Z","date_published":"2023-06-03T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55090/galley/41488/download/"}]},{"pk":55091,"title":"Reception of Epicureanism at Rome: Cicero, Lucretius, and the Flexibility of Greek Models in the Late Republic","subtitle":null,"abstract":"Epicureanism, a Greek philosophical school founded in Athens c. 307 BCE, conceives of “pleasure” (αταρξία) as the ultimate human good. This essay aims to investigate the reception of Epicureanism at Rome in the mid-1st century BCE, drawing on Cicero’s In Pisonem and Lucretius’ De Rerum Natura as case studies. Each work addresses the question of whether Epicurus could operate within the framework of Roman cultural and political values and, consequently, whether he should be appropriated into Roman thinking. Through close examination of these two texts, I argue that each author ultimately builds his own version of “Epicurus” to serve his distinctive rhetorical aims. Cicero and Lucretius therefore come together to provide examples of a broader phenomenon surrounding the issue of Hellenization at Rome, namely, that of Greek figures being rewritten and repurposed in different contexts to serve different Roman agendas, revealing the flexible nature of Greek models at Rome and of Romans’ engagement with the Greek past.","language":"en","license":{"name":"","short_name":"","text":null,"url":""},"keywords":[{"word":"Epicureanism"},{"word":"Cicero"},{"word":"Lucretius"},{"word":"Roman Republic"},{"word":"Greek Philosophy"}],"section":"Articles","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06c6k7dv","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Katie","middle_name":"","last_name":"Painter","name_suffix":"","institution":"Yale University","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2022-01-08T23:29:14Z","date_accepted":"2022-01-08T23:29:14Z","date_published":"2023-06-03T08:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucbclassics_bujc/article/55091/galley/41489/download/"}]},{"pk":1266,"title":"Syntactic and semantic interference in sentence comprehension: Support from English and German eye-tracking data","subtitle":null,"abstract":"A long-standing debate in the sentence processing literature concerns the time course of syntactic and semantic information processing in online sentence comprehension. The default assumption in cue-based models of parsing is that syntactic and semantic retrieval cues simultaneously guide dependency resolution. When retrieval cues match multiple items in memory, this leads to similarity-based interference. Both semantic and syntactic interference have been shown to occur in English. However, the relative timing of syntactic vs. semantic interference remains unclear. In this cross-linguistic investigation of the time course of syntactic vs. semantic interference, the data from two eye-tracking during reading experiments (English and German) suggest that the two types of interference can in principle arise simultaneously during retrieval. However, the data also indicate that semantic cues are evaluated with a small timing lag in German compared to English. This cross-linguistic difference between English and German may be due to German having richer morphosyntactic marking than English, resulting in syntactic cues dominating over semantic cues during dependency resolution. More broadly, our cross-linguistic results pose a challenge for the cue-based retrieval model’s default assumption that syntactic and semantic cues are used simultaneously during long-distance dependency formation. Our work also highlights the importance of collecting cross-linguistic data on psycholinguistic phenomena which can potentially advance theory development.Introduction: Hemoptysis can be a highly alarming presentation in the emergency department (ED). Even seemingly minor cases may represent potentially lethal underlying pathology. It requires thorough evaluation and careful consideration of a broad differential diagnosis.
Case Presentation: A 44-year-old man presented to the ED with a concern of hemoptysis in the setting of recent fever and myalgias.
Discussion: This case takes the reader through how to approach the differential diagnosis and diagnostic work-up of hemoptysis in the ED setting and then reveals the surprising final diagnosis.
","language":null,"license":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","short_name":"CC BY 4.0","text":"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"keywords":[{"word":"Clinicopathological cases; infectious disease; hemoptysis"}],"section":"Clinicopathological Cases from the University of Maryland","is_remote":true,"remote_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8235x15c","frozenauthors":[{"first_name":"Bryan","middle_name":"P.","last_name":"McNeilly","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":""},{"first_name":"Dominic","middle_name":"M.","last_name":"Williams","name_suffix":"","institution":"CarolinaEast Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Bern, North Carolina","department":""},{"first_name":"Laura","middle_name":"J.","last_name":"Bontempo","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":""},{"first_name":"J. David","middle_name":"","last_name":"Gatz","name_suffix":"","institution":"University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland","department":""}],"date_submitted":"2023-05-31T07:06:33.849000+01:00","date_accepted":"2023-05-31T07:10:32.371000+01:00","date_published":"2023-05-31T17:00:00+01:00","render_galley":null,"galleys":[{"label":"PDF","type":"pdf","path":"https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1418/galley/1022/download/"}]}]}