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{ "count": 39228, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=100", "previous": null, "results": [ { "pk": 65867, "title": "Appendix A: Call for Papers: Urban Habits, <em>Streetnotes</em> 31.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This is the Call for Papers that was issued by the editors seeking contributions to \"An Anthology of Urban Habits\", <em>Streetnotes</em> 31. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Back Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ws8p6wx", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-27T03:33:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/65867/galley/50523/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65874, "title": "Meta-Analysis of Different Antibiotic Efficacies in the Case of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1ds423xv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kayla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Israni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Taeya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thomson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Omar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Akbari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shahrukh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yousuf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T08:58:26.553649+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T09:04:34.075146+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T21:15:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65874/galley/50532/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65873, "title": "Follow Up Resources Provided in Early Pregnancy: Analysis of Discharge Instructions for First Trimester Pregnant Patients Seen in an Academic Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94j8n9xv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joan", "middle_name": "Marie", "last_name": "Hady", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mako", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gedi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Esther", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T08:38:08.347948+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T08:39:44.643924+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T20:47:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65873/galley/50531/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65872, "title": "Persons Experiencing Homelessness Perceptions and Utilization of Emergency Medical Services in Los Angeles County", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nz4g11t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marcos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mendoza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mansilla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Citlally", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mendoza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Suzanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wenzel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marianne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gausche- Hill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sanjay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arora", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tiffany", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Abramson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T08:16:34.572517+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T08:18:05.201035+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T20:29:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65872/galley/50529/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65871, "title": "Impact Analysis of a Potential ECPR Program in a Medically Underserved Urban Community", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78f0w1pg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bennett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Carmen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bascombe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Montgomery", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Justin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Konik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gardner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T05:59:45.350408+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T06:01:24.186020+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T18:11:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65871/galley/50528/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65870, "title": "Health-related Social Needs Among Patients with Chronic Pain Who Visited the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nh2j9sj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chun", "middle_name": "Nok", "last_name": "Lam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yahan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rabinovich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vanessa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ayati", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mishra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tiffany", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abramson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Doerte", "middle_name": "U.", "last_name": "Junghaenel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T05:45:35.351138+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T05:47:40.084522+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T17:54:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65870/galley/50527/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65869, "title": "Evaluating Health Care Access for Unhoused Patients at the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xg9913s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Annie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hannia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grados", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kavin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krishnam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Akhil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chandekar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Soheil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saadat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bharath", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chakravarthy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T05:33:13.150783+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T05:34:46.390618+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T17:40:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65869/galley/50526/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65868, "title": "Current Challenges Transgender and Non-Binary Patients Face in the Emergency Department and Global Perspectives to Improve Provider Education", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3619z2rk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Black", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goetz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jensen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fisher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-27T05:20:45.728138+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-27T05:22:09.692741+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T17:25:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65868/galley/50524/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50879, "title": "Unusual Etiology and Presentation for Hyperkalemia - Dialysis Access Recirculation: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Hyperkalemia is a common and potentially life-threatening complication of end- stage renal disease, often producing nonspecific symptoms but profound cardiac effects. While nonadherence and dietary indiscretion are typical precipitants, clinicians must also consider the adequacy and effectiveness of dialysis.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report</strong>: We report a patient with end-stage renal disease on thrice-weekly hemodialysis who presented with significant bradycardia and altered mental status. Initial prehospital electrocardiogram (ECG) was suspicious for acute coronary syndrome after automated ECG interpretation suggested anterior ST-segment elevation. In the emergency department, the patient was in a junctional escape rhythm with diffuse peaked T-waves. Serum potassium was 7.8 millimoles per liter with concomitant uremia. Despite administration of potassium-shifting therapies bradycardia persisted, and temporary pacing attempts failed. An epinephrine infusion was initiated while arranging for emergent hemodialysis. Following dialysis, the potassium normalized, cardiac conduction returned to sinus rhythm, and the patient’s mental status improved. In the absence of missed dialysis sessions, increased potassium intake, or access site dysfunction, nephrology determined the likely etiology to be dialysis access recirculation from improper cannulation.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Dialysis recirculation is an uncommon but important cause of inadequate clearance leading to life-threatening hyperkalemia. Clinicians should consider this mechanism when confronted with otherwise unexplained electrolyte derangements in compliant dialysis patients.</p>\n<p><!--EndFragment--></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "dialysis" }, { "word": "Hyperkalemia" }, { "word": "Dialysis Recirculation" }, { "word": "case report" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92c6n3wt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "Lim", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Glazer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine, and Anesthesiology, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amaka", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Achufusi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "Ellis", "last_name": "Tsuchida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-10T20:48:30.397000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-19T21:10:22.980000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-26T02:56:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/50879/galley/50485/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65864, "title": "Chronic Pain Severity & Alcohol Use Risk Among ED Patients at LA General Medical Center", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5z20n6jx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tello-Rincón", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Destiny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jamileth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zaragoza Godinez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Olmos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexcia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garcia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chun", "middle_name": "Nok", "last_name": "Lam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-26T11:24:51.708532+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-26T11:26:34.347624+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-25T23:34:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65864/galley/50491/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65863, "title": "Changes in Acute Care Utilization among Foreign-Born Patients in Response to Immigration Enforcement Escalation in the Los Angeles Safety-Net Healthcare System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hj9s84c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cordova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "Anne", "last_name": "Axeen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cameron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaplan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shamsher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Annette", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dekker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Annie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "William", "last_name": "Schneberk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-26T11:03:17.195198+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-26T11:06:25.983243+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-25T23:13:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65863/galley/50488/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65862, "title": "Associations Between Language Proficiency, Insurance Status, and Compensation Redemption in Adolescents with Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14k709jw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mitchell", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Walters", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Tancredi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Beth", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Slomine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Rosenthal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tara", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Gammi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kuppermann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stacy", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Suskauer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arbogast", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mohamed", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Badawy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Corwin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Cruz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Ruest", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Danny", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Thomas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "T.", "middle_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Casper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Nishijima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-26T10:31:38.119276+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-26T10:34:03.663183+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-25T22:54:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65862/galley/50487/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65860, "title": "2026 Western Regional SAEM", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>n/a</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p2887b5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saucedo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Isabella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Omid", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Haghkhah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-26T03:58:46.179899+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-26T04:03:25.029244+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-25T16:48:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/65860/galley/50486/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53214, "title": "Emergency Department Transvenous Pacemaker Placement Complicated by Tricuspid Mass", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Case Presentation: </strong>Temporary transvenous pacemaker placement is frequently performed in the emergency department for the management of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. We report the case of a 93-year-old male who presented with profound bradycardia, hypotension, and altered mental status requiring emergent pacing. Initial transcutaneous pacing achieved hemodynamic improvement but necessitated escalation to transvenous pacing due to patient discomfort and high current requirements. During attempted transvenous pacemaker placement, resistance was encountered and capture could not be achieved despite appropriate technique. Subsequent cardiology consultation and imaging revealed an undiagnosed tricuspid valve myxoma obstructing catheter advancement.</p>\n<p><strong>Discussion</strong>: This case highlights a rare mechanical complication of transvenous pacemaker placement caused by an intracardiac mass. Awareness of structural cardiac pathology as a potential cause of pacemaker placement failure is critical, particularly when resistance is encountered despite correct procedural technique</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "transvenous pacemaker" }, { "word": "cardiac myxoma" }, { "word": "bradycardia" }, { "word": "emergency pacing" } ], "section": "Images in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22j4p7w7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Molyneux", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Columbia University, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center of El Paso, Department of Emergency Medicine, El Paso, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krejchi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center of El Paso, Department of Emergency Medicine, El Paso, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "Robert", "last_name": "Fulton II", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center of El Paso, Department of Emergency Medicine, El Paso, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Youssef", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center of El Paso, Department of Cardiology, El Paso, Texas", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-21T05:39:05.168000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-23T03:30:24.182000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-24T10:18:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/53214/galley/50482/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53127, "title": "Incidental Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome Discovered Following Dicyclomine Use: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a congenital conduction disorder involving an accessory pathway that predisposes patients to reentrant tachyarrhythmias and, in rare cases, sudden cardiac death. While often asymptomatic, it may predispose patients to serious tachyarrhythmias, particularly under conditions that enhance atrioventricular (AV) conduction. Risk stratification using noninvasive and invasive tools such as electrophysiologic studies is critical to identifying high-risk individuals and guiding treatment decisions such as catheter ablation. Pharmacologic agents that alter autonomic tone may unmask latent pre-excitation. Dicyclomine, an anticholinergic agent used for gastrointestinal disorders, is not an AV-nodal blocking drug but exerts vagolytic effects that can increase sinus rate and AV nodal conduction. Dicyclomine’s vagolytic effects and potential for interaction with other proarrhythmic drugs warrant caution in patients with conduction abnormalities, structural heart disease, or autonomic sensitivity.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report</strong>: We report a case of a 36-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with abdominal symptoms and was incidentally found to have Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern following administration of intramuscular dicyclomine.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: This case highlights the potential importance of cardiac monitoring, even in patients with non-cardiac chief complaints, particularly when anticholinergic agents are administered.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "case report" }, { "word": "wolff-parkinson-white" }, { "word": "Dicyclomine" }, { "word": "arrhythmias" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74x388s6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wahhab", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Holy Cross Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natalie", "middle_name": "Margaret", "last_name": "Loveridge", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, North Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Manar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Siaj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, North Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-12T03:46:17.680000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-04T00:28:13.247000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-24T10:09:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/53127/galley/50481/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48938, "title": "The Floating Threat: A Rare Case Report of Carotid Saddle Thrombus in a Healthy Adult", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Carotid free-floating thrombus is a rare and potentially devastating cause of ischemic stroke. Diagnosis remains challenging due to the dynamic nature of the lesion.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report</strong>: We report the case of a 46-year-old female presenting with neck pressure and gait instability, who was found to have a free-floating thrombus at the brachiocephalic-carotid junction. Despite early anticoagulation, she developed biparietal ischemic strokes.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: This case highlights the challenges in management of carotid free-floating thrombus including appropriate anticoagulation, contraindications to thrombolysis, and the need for multidisciplinary involvement. Emergency physicians must maintain high suspicion for vascular pathology in atypical neurologic presentations and recognize that even optimal medical therapy does not eliminate stroke risk.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Free-floating thrombus" }, { "word": "saddle embolus" }, { "word": "carotid artery" }, { "word": "anticoagulation" }, { "word": "stroke" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tc110vg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ariel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Droger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HCA FL Aventura Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rolando", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Torres-Castro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HCA FL Aventura Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kashan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mahmood", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HCA FL Aventura Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Graf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HCA FL Aventura Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Serio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HCA FL Aventura Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "John", "last_name": "Scumpia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HCA FL Aventura Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-07-23T07:41:13.542000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-11-14T10:19:51.729000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-24T10:02:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/48938/galley/50479/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50763, "title": "Clinical Application of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy in Cocaine-associated Cardiac Arrest: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Cardiac arrest in the setting of cocaine use portends high morbidity and mortality secondary to its powerful sodium channel blockade effects. Intravenous (IV) lipid emulsion has long been used as a rescue therapy in lipophilic toxicities.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>We report a case in which IV lipid emulsion was used to successfully stabilize a patient who suffered cocaine-associated, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Intravenous lipid emulsion was used in the successful resuscitation of a cocaine overdose and could be considered for use in patients with cocaine-associated cardiac arrest.</p>\n<p><!--EndFragment--></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cocaine" }, { "word": "overdose" }, { "word": "intravenous lipid emulsion" }, { "word": "case report" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6dc9d00z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Offman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Trinity Health – Muskegon, Department of Emergency Medicine, Muskegon, Michigan; Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, East Lansing, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Baribeau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Trinity Health – Muskegon, Department of Emergency Medicine, Muskegon, Michigan; Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, East Lansing, Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-24T06:46:51.254000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-20T20:33:00.579000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-24T09:53:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/50763/galley/50478/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52953, "title": "A Split from Traditional Orbital Compartment Syndrome Intervention: Case Report of Vision-saving Vertical Lid Split Procedure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many emergency physicians will never perform a lateral canthotomy and cantholysis, and one-third of those who try will be unsuccessful at relieving the pressure that threatens permanent vision loss. This procedure is notoriously difficult and rare, but a recently proposed alternative—the vertical lid split—may be simpler and more effective.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>We report the case of a 35-year-old woman with motor vehicle collision-related orbital trauma who presented to a community emergency department. Initially, she had intact vision and extraocular movements. Imaging showed a comminuted inferior orbital blowout fracture with retrobulbar hemorrhage, and the transfer process was initiated. However, after coughing she developed vision loss and elevated intraocular pressure. Lateral canthotomy and cantholysis was performed for suspected orbital compartment syndrome but did not fully address the elevated pressures or restore vision. The emergency physician then performed a vertical lid split procedure, which fully restored vision and normalized pressures.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of orbital compartment syndrome to be treated with vertical lid split, and the first case report of any full-thickness eyelid incision technique being used for salvage of an unsuccessful lateral canthotomy and cantholysis; the result was excellent.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "procedure" }, { "word": "Orbital compartment syndrome" }, { "word": "ophthalmology" }, { "word": "Vertical Lid Split" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12r398jz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hannah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chason", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zimmerman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School and Mass General Brigham, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jenzer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Womack Army Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residency, Fort Bragg, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Elpers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Midwest Eye Center, Department of Opthomalmology, Cincinnati, Ohio", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-02T00:47:02.739000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-19T20:53:01.560000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-24T09:46:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/52953/galley/50477/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65841, "title": "California sheep and goat ranchers adjust to wage increases", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>California’s Assembly Bill 1066 overtime-for-farm workers law increased minimum sheep and goat range herder wages by 250% in 6 years, from less than $2,000 a month in 2018 to almost $5,000 in 2025. However, higher wages did not attract domestic U.S. workers to herding: most herders in the United States are workers from Peru and Mexico who have H-2A visas. Sheep and goat ranchers responded to higher herder wages by assigning more animals to each herder, switching from monthly to hourly wages where feasible, and expanding their herds or exiting the business. More became vegetation managers, earning payments from clients when their sheep and goats consume vegetation on crop lands and solar farms and grass and brush in the urban–wildland interface to reduce wildfire risks.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "agricultural labor" }, { "word": "overtime" }, { "word": "herders" }, { "word": "H-2A" }, { "word": "sheep" }, { "word": "goat" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m67c87g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Morgan", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Doran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Agriculture and Natural and Resources", "department": "UC Cooperative Extension Yolo County", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Finzel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Agriculture and Natural and Resources", "department": "UC Cooperative Extension Kern County", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Alexandra", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "Agricultural and Resource Economics" }, { "first_name": "Ruben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lugo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Impact Ag Labor LLC", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Macon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Agriculture and Natural and Resources", "department": "UC Cooperative Extension Central Sierra" }, { "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Martin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Davis", "department": "Agricultural and Resource Economics" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-23T00:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/californiaagriculture/article/65841/galley/50476/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65837, "title": "The benefits of oak woodland restoration can exceed the costs of treating conifer encroachment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Woody encroachment is a common threat in many fire-dependent ecosystems throughout the world. In northwestern California, conifer encroachment threatens the survival of deciduous oak woodlands and rangeland habitats, resulting in many negative impacts to flora and fauna biodiversity and livestock production. This study characterizes the benefits and costs of oak woodland restoration projects where Douglas fir is removed, weighing the timber value of the encroaching Douglas fir trees with the costs of removal and the value of post-restoration forage. Through a series of interviews and surveys, coupled with additional data collection and literature review, we found that the benefits of oak restoration through the removal of the Douglas fir encroachment exceeded the costs of treatment for landowners on average.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cost-benefit analysis" }, { "word": "conifer encroachment" }, { "word": "oak woodlands" }, { "word": "forest management" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6w5032b5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Polasek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "Agricultural & Resource Economics", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Ellen", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Bruno", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "Agricultural & Resource Economics", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Jeffery", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Stackhouse", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Agriculture and Natural and Resources", "department": "UC Cooperative Extension, Humboldt and Del Norte counties", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Yana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Valachovic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Agriculture and Natural and Resources", "department": "UC Cooperative Extension, Humboldt and Del Norte counties", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Lenya", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Quinn-Davidson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC ANR Fire Network", "department": "", "country": "United States" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-22T05:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/californiaagriculture/article/65837/galley/50475/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48658, "title": "Don’t overthink! Round number expressions are interpreted sharp", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The interpretation of round numerals inspired two competing hypotheses. The first, the preferred-approximation hypothesis, claims that round numerals are more likely to be interpreted as approximate, while sharp numerals are interpreted as precise by default (Krifka, 2002, 2007). This hypothesis is based on the idea that addressees recognize that speakers can use round numerals for approximation more readily than sharp ones, and, therefore, derive the approximate interpretation through rational inferencing. The second hypothesis, the precise-by-default hypothesis, holds that all numerals, round and sharp alike, are interpreted as precise by default (Ariel, 2021; Ariel & Levshina, 2024). The present study investigates the relationship between round counting numerals and approximation through four experiments that directly compare round and sharp numerals across different experimental settings. Our findings show that participants do recognize speakers’ license to use round numerals imprecisely more than sharp ones. However, this preference does not lead them to actually interpret round numerals imprecisely. We offer several explanations for this gap.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hb7g39q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Katzir", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University; Linguistics Department, Tel Aviv University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mira", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ariel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tel Aviv University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-06-18T15:17:03.554000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-03-27T19:37:24.361065+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-20T22:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/48658/galley/49880/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/48658/galley/49880/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/48658/galley/49881/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62945, "title": "Physician Wellness and Burnout from Electronic Medical Record and Administrative Tasks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>N/A</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "ACOEP Abstracts (by Invitation Only)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kj6t8xn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hamza", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choudry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Maywood, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Adams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Maywood, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacqueline", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Cappiello-Dziedzic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Maywood, Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-02-11T00:33:25.580098+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-11T01:07:11.596746+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T21:55:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/62945/galley/50447/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63063, "title": "Fellowship Training After Four-Year Emergency Medicine Residency", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>N/A</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66k4s7fq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Hamilton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lance", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Becker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Manhasset, New York; Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Uniondale, New York; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Manhasset, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Wolfe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-02-19T22:57:55.084830+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-19T23:06:51.108829+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T20:47:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/63063/galley/50446/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48400, "title": "SonoGuar: A Self-healing Hydrogel for Higher Fidelity Ultrasound-guided Procedure Training", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Ultrasound-compatible procedural phantoms are critical for vascular access training, but commercial models are expensive, degrade with use, and provide limited simulation of key procedural steps. Existing low-cost alternatives often lack durability and fidelity.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We synthesized a novel, self-healing, ultrasound-compatible hydrogel (SonoGuar) using guar gum, borax, glycerol, oil, and water. We constructed vascular-access task trainers and evaluated SonoGuar across three domains: 1) rheological analysis of viscoelastic recovery after injury; 2) a blinded ultrasound image comparison study comparing SonoGuar against a commercial model; and 3) a prospective, randomized, single-blind crossover simulation study comparing SonoGuar to a commercial model with 41 participants (medical students, residents, and attendings). </p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>At grocery store material prices, one kilogram of SonoGuar took 10 minutes of active time and about $3 to fabricate, including vessel-mimic balloons. The commercial comparison model was quoted at $350 for a single replacement insert. SonoGuar recovered its viscoelastic profile within 30 minutes of injury and demonstrated visible healing of needle tracts by five hours. In the image comparison, SonoGuar was 1.8 times more likely than the commercial model to be selected as resembling human tissue in a head-to-head comparison (64.5% SonoGuar vs 35.5% commercial model, P < .001). In simulation, 41 -residents and attendings rated SonoGuar higher than the commercial phantom across all model aspects, including anatomy identification, appearance, tactile feedback, and needle visualization (average of 4.47 vs 3.77 on a 5-point Likert scale, P < .01). After cost was disclosed, all preferred SonoGuar. Medical students rated both models similarly across all model aspects and demonstrated increased levels of confidence after training with SonoGuar or commercial phantom (pre-simulation average confidence on a 5-point Likert scale of 1.46 and post-simulation average of 3.54 and 3.37, respectively, both comparisons P < .05).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A do-it-yourself, high-fidelity hydrogel with self-healing properties, SonoGuar can be rapidly fabricated and is suitable for realistic, durable, and scalable ultrasound-guided procedure training. The low-cost hydrogel outperformed a leading commercial model in imaging realism, user confidence, and overall preference among experienced clinicians.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0p75c037", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aswin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bikkani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fiona", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pudewa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California; University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Beshoy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gabriel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "En", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sreekavya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Immadisetty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaofeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Irvine Materials Research Institute, Irvine, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Crouch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California; California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California; California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California; University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jamshid", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mistry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California; California University of Science and Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-06-05T22:54:57.177000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-11-21T02:57:29.607000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T20:10:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48400/galley/50434/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50778, "title": "Novel Simulation-based Awake Fiberoptic Intubation Curriculum: Pilot Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Awake fiberoptic intubation is a critical skill of emergency physicians in scenarios where rapid sequence intubation may be impossible or catastrophic. While the equipment to perform awake fiberoptic intubation has become more readily available to emergency physicians, inadequate training and lack of confidence are often cited as barriers to performing the procedure. To address this, we created and studied a simulation-based awake fiberoptic intubation curriculum with the goal of improving physicians’ performance of this skill. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>A procedural checklist was developed and iteratively refined among EM, anesthesiology, and critical care physicians. An instructional video was created based on this checklist. Participants viewed the instructional video and underwent supervised deliberate practice on a manikin and bronchoscopy simulator using a rapid-cycle deliberate practice paradigm with 1:1 supervision from an instructor. Comparisons were made between a pre-test and a three-month post-test. We evaluated participants using calculated simulator metrics, the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill global rating scale (GRS), a checklist, and pre- and post-intervention self-assessment. </p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>We collected data from 46 participants. Observed performance using the GRS improved from 22.5 (standard deviation 4.5) to 28.8 (6.3) (P < .001). Time from scope insertion to verbalized passage of the endotracheal tube on the simulator decreased from a mean of 147.0 (148.3) seconds to 84.6 (39.1) seconds (P = .01). Participants reported improved self-assessed performance compared with others at their stage of training, 3.7 (1.5) to 5.0 (1.2), P < .001, and their reported confidence performing the procedure increased from 3.0 (1.5) to 5.1 (1.2), P < .001. No significant difference was seen among checklist scores. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this novel simulation-based awake fiberoptic intubation curriculum, subjective and objective performance improvements were observed at three months. Learners who participated in the course reported feeling more confident and capable of performing awake fiberoptic intubation and being satisfied with the curriculum.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "curriculum" }, { "word": "awake fiberoptic intubation" }, { "word": "Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice" }, { "word": "intubation" }, { "word": "Airway Management" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3f38r0rp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Haas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware; WellSpan York Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, York, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jenna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fredette", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kathleen", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Murphy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Deitchman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maxwell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Blodgett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-08-30T06:17:36.363000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-21T20:11:25.069000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T19:39:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50778/galley/50435/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50823, "title": "Therapeutic Interventions in Organophosphate Poisoning: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is a significant global health issue, particularly in tropical regions. Despite established treatments such as atropine and oximes, the effectiveness of other interventions remains uncertain. This umbrella review is a critical synthesis of evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on OP self-poisoning. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published up to January 2025. Databases searched included PubMed, Epistemonikos, and the Cochrane Library. We performed quality assessment using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews, version 2 (AMSTAR-2), and applied the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to evaluate evidence certainty. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 416 potential papers identified we assessed 27 for eligibility, of which 19 were included in the review. The papers evaluated 11 different interventions as an adjuvant to atropine. Oximes, although commonly used, showed neither benefit nor harm. The systematic reviews and meta-analyses on gastric lavage, plasma exchange with hemoperfusion, lipid emulsions, magnesium sulfate, penehyclidine, rhubarb, and xuebijing have reported significant reductions in mortality, but the evidence comes from very low-quality studies. Alkalinization was not found to be effective for OP poisoning. Evidence was limited by small sample size, inconsistent protocols, and geographical bias, with many studies originating from China. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After careful scrutiny of evidence pooled by various systematic reviews and meta-analyses, we found that atropine remains the mainstay of treatment for OP self-poisoning. It may be supplemented with oximes, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Gastric lavage has doubtful efficacy and may even be harmful. Additionally, we recommend against the routine use of penehyclidine, rhubarb, xuebijing, hemofiltration, plasma exchange with hemoperfusion, lipid emulsions, magnesium sulfate, and alkalinization in the management of OP self-poisoning.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Organophosphate poisoning" }, { "word": "systematic review" }, { "word": "meta-analysis" }, { "word": "oximes" }, { "word": "plasma transfusion" }, { "word": "hemoperfusion" }, { "word": "GRADE" }, { "word": "AMSTAR-2" }, { "word": "AMSTAR" } ], "section": "Toxicology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/303870xw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vivek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chauhan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla, Department of Medicine, Himachal Pradesh, India", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Divyam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goyal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Department of Medicine, Haryana, India", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Suman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thakur", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla, Department of Microbiology, Himachal Pradesh, India", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sagar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Galwankar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida State University College of Medicine Emergency Medicine, Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sarasota, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tamas", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Peredy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida State University College of Medicine Emergency Medicine, Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sarasota, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-02T23:50:46+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-22T04:04:37.089000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T19:27:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50823/galley/50484/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50852, "title": "Clinician-documented Firearm Access and Safety Interventions for Veterans Receiving Suicide Risk Evaluation in VA Emergency Care Settings", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Background: </strong>The success of clinical programs aimed at preventing suicide risk depends in part on whether they can be used to identify and act upon risk factors for suicide. Our aim in this study was to describe frequency of clinician documentation of firearm access and the delivery of safety interventions among patients who received a suicide risk evaluation in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) emergency departments (ED) or urgent care (UC) settings. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We used electronic health record data of patients who received care in VHA ED/UC settings January 2021–October 2022 and underwent suicide risk evaluation by clinicians using the Veterans Affairs (VA) Comprehensive Suicide Risk Evaluation (CSRE) prior to discharging home. The proportion of patients with self-reported firearm access was identified from clinician-documented CSRE templates. Among those who reported firearm access, we identified the proportion who received any safety intervention (delivery of lethal means safety counseling and/or distribution of firearm cable locks per CSRE documentation, or update/creation/review of a VA Safety Plan) within 24 hours of the ED/UC encounter. We compared differences using chi-square or Fisher exact tests for categorical outcomes and analysis of variance or independent sample t-tests for continuous outcomes. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 17,194 patients who were discharged home, 15.2% were documented as having firearm access (8.5% access to “other” lethal means, 68.8% no lethal means access, 7.4% unknown access). Of 2,624 patients with documented firearm access, 80.6% were documented as having received a safety intervention. Of those, 56.8% received lethal means safety counseling, 13.2% received a firearm cable lock, and 88.6% reviewed or completed a new or updated VA Safety Plan.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among patients who underwent suicide risk evaluation prior to discharging home from a Veterans Health Administration ED/UC setting, a low percentage were documented as having firearm access. Of those with firearm access, a large majority received at least one safety intervention. System-wide strategies to encourage delivery of safety interventions can reach a large proportion of at-risk patients. Additional efforts are needed to increase reporting and documentation of firearm access.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Firearm injury" }, { "word": "Suicide" }, { "word": "veteran" }, { "word": "emergency care" } ], "section": "Injury Prevention and Population Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nc1d1tm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Simonetti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Department of Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Firearm Injury Prevention Initiative, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "King", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Department of Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holliday", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Department of Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gabriela", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Khazanov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Department of Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nazanin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bahraini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Department of Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brenner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aurora, Colorado; niversity of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Aurora, Colorado;University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Aurora, Colorado; Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Brain Health Coordinating Center, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bridget", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Matarazzo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Department of Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Aurora, Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Aurora, Colorado", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-10T02:30:45.686000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-15T05:49:53.973000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T19:26:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50852/galley/50440/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61381, "title": "Methodological Considerations on the Randomized Trial of Self-Selected Music for Musculoskeletal Back Pain in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rk2w46d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Süleyman", "middle_name": "Gökhan", "last_name": "Kara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Eskişehir City Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Eskişehir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Güneş", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Özlü", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Eskişehir City Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Eskişehir, Türkiye", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-12-06T18:20:36.365000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-07T03:12:54.530000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T18:32:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/61381/galley/50444/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53096, "title": "Child Opportunity Index Levels and Disparities in Access to Pediatric-ready Emergency Departments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increased pediatric readiness has been shown to decrease pediatric mortality, although disparities in access to pediatric-ready emergency departments (ED) have not been studied. The Child Opportunity Index (COI) is a comprehensive measure of the quality of neighborhood resources impacting child health and development. Our objective was to determine whether low-resourced areas with low COI levels are associated with farther travel distances to the nearest pediatric-ready ED.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, cross-sectional study we evaluated the 2021 National Pediatric Readiness Project (NPRP) assessments of 91 EDs throughout the state of Missouri in relationship to COI 3.0 U.S. census tract data. The EDs were classified into quartiles based on weighted pediatric readiness scores (wPRS). Our primary outcome measure was travel distances to the nearest ED, which were obtained by measuring the shortest distance from the geographic center of each U.S. census tract to the closest ED. We used the Kruskal-Wallis H test to assess distances from the geographic center of each census tract to the nearest EDs. P values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc tests. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 113 EDs in Missouri that were invited to take the 2021 NPRP assessment, 91 (81%) participated and 22 (19%) were nonrespondent. Child Opportunity Index data were available for all 1,393 Missouri U.S. census tracts. When compared to low-resourced, low COI census tracts, well- resourced, very high COI census tracts were found to have significantly shorter travel distances to the nearest ED (6 vs 2.9 miles, [95% CI, 3.03-3.6; P < .001]). Families living in low COI census tracts travel 4.6 times farther (18 additional miles) to reach an ED in the highest wPRS quartile compared to families living in very high COI census tracts (23.3 vs 5.1 miles, [95% CI, 5.6-6.5; P < .001]). Families living in low COI census tracts travel 4.4 times farther (48 additional miles) to reach the nearest of the top three most pediatric-ready EDs [62.6 vs 14.4 miles, [95% CI, 14.6-19.1; P < .001].</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Families from resource-limited communities with low Child Opportunity Index levels must travel significantly farther to access pediatric-ready EDs compared to families from well-resourced communities. Dissemination of pediatric-readiness improvement efforts, especially to under-resourced areas, may help address disparities in healthcare access and promote health equity.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "health disparities" }, { "word": "health equity" }, { "word": "pediatric emergency medicine" }, { "word": "pediatric readiness" } ], "section": "Pediatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cf296v6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Bernardin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schuler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Research", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morales", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Research", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kendrick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Research", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zoellner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Research", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Staed", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-10T01:05:26.677000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-27T03:24:56.579000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T15:34:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53096/galley/50441/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48919, "title": "Utility of Pelvic Ultrasound with Negative Computed Tomography in Adult Females", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Emergency physicians must consider ovarian torsion in all biologically female patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with abdominal pain. A misdiagnosis can result in detrimental outcomes, such as loss of an ovary. Female patients who present to the ED for evaluation of their abdominal pain may have a computed tomography (CT) or pelvic ultrasound performed to further evaluate for concerning pathology. Our objective in this study was to describe the occurrence of critical or emergent findings on pelvic ultrasound not identified on a concurrent or previously performed CT of the abdomen and pelvis.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a retrospective chart review of ED visits from January 1–December 31, 2021 at a large, suburban, academic medical center. Eligible patients were adult females (≥ 21 years of age) who had a CT of the abdomen and pelvis and pelvic ultrasound, with the CT ordered either before or simultaneously with the pelvic ultrasound. We excluded from the study CTs with abdominal or pelvic pathology. The primary outcome measure was to determine the occurrence of pelvic ultrasounds without acute pathology with a negative CT. The secondary outcome measure was to identify non-emergent findings on pelvic ultrasound with a negative CT.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 281 eligible ED visits, 172 patients (61.2%) had gynecologic pathology on CT and 60 patients (21.4%) had other pathology on CT. The mean age was 43.3 years (SD 16.4). Forty-nine patients (17.4%) had unremarkable CT results. Of those, 39 patients (79.6%; 95% CI, 65.7-89.8%) had a normal ultrasound; three patients (6.1%; 95% CI,1.3-16.9%) had an ovarian cyst; six patients (12.2%; 95% CI, 4.6-24.8%) had other non-emergent results; and one patient (2.0%; 95% CI, 0.05-10.9%) had a 10- by 11-mm ovarian mass on ultrasound. In patients with unremarkable CTs, 48 (98.0%; 95% CI, 89.1-99.9%) also had normal or not clinically significant ultrasound results. No definite ovarian torsions were diagnosed on ultrasound after a negative CT. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obtaining a pelvic ultrasound following an unremarkable CT of the abdomen and pelvis may not produce additional clinically relevant results in an emergency setting.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ovarian torsion" }, { "word": "POCUS" }, { "word": "pelvic ultrasound" }, { "word": "abdominal pain" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine Ultrasound" } ], "section": "Women's Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kb1k9mn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rometti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers Health Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amanda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Esposito", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers Health Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mirza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers Health Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heinert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers Health Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bryczkowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers Health Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-07-08T04:41:08.050000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-11-24T04:54:49.092000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T14:57:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48919/galley/50433/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62946, "title": "Changes in THC Positivity Rates in Adolescents Corresponding to Legalization of Recreational Marijuana in Illinois", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>N/A</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "ACOEP Abstracts (by Invitation Only)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3p10k08h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eriq", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gassé", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Midwestern University – Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Downers Grove, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "April", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Midwestern University – Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Downers Grove, Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-02-11T00:38:59.786377+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-11T01:07:18.290292+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T14:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/62946/galley/50448/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62947, "title": "Consequences of the 2022 Intravenous Contrast Shortage on Emergency Department Care: A Retrospective Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>N/A</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "ACOEP Abstracts (by Invitation Only)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d9585gd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shawna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bellew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lindsay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tjiattas-Saleski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Butz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mandy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stallard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Galush", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hudepohl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sabrina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Avanzato", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Constantine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hrysikos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Riley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Seay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Carolinas Campus, Department of Emergency Medicine, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-02-11T00:50:26.104508+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-11T01:07:25.287899+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T13:09:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/62947/galley/50450/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62948, "title": "Curb to Needle Time: A Five-Year Descriptive Analysis Evaluating a Mobile Stroke Unit in a Suburban EMS System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>N/A</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "ACOEP Abstracts (by Invitation Only)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51q7w014", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wetzel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Northeast, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zachary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weisner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Northeast, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ulhaq", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Northeast, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kening", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Northeast, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alvin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Northeast, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gerald", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wydro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Northeast, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-02-11T01:02:15.085752+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-11T01:07:30.943948+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-19T12:16:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/62948/galley/50451/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65770, "title": "Appendix C: Report on the Survey of Urban Habits", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The Report on the Survey of Urban Habits entails responses gathered through September 13, 2024. It includes several drawings by respondents, and graphic illustrations of the collected data. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Anthology of Urban Habits" }, { "word": "Habits" }, { "word": "Urban Studies" }, { "word": "Cities" } ], "section": "Back Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qc2v58q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Novelli-Blasko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Habitorium", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-19T00:03:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/65770/galley/50422/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52829, "title": "Physician-staffed Ambulance Deployment: Comparative Response Time Analysis from a Slovak Pilot Project", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Efficient allocation of physician-staffed emergency medical services (EMS) is crucial for optimal resource use in urban prehospital systems. The rendezvous model differs fundamentally from the traditional ambulance model: It deploys a lighter, nontransport-capable, passenger vehicle that may offer operational advantages, although comparative evidence with regard to traditional models remains limited. In this study we aimed to evaluate the impact of a physician-staffed rendezvous model on response times and physician-staffed crew availability within the EMS system in Košice, Slovak Republic.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study, analyzing all primary responses by physician-staffed EMS units in the Košice region from January 2023–March 2025. In August 2024, one of three traditional, physician-staffed transport units was replaced by a physician-staffed rendezvous unit, yielding a post-intervention system with two transport units and one rendezvouz unit, a faster, physician-staffed non-transport vehicle that provides specialized medical care on scene. We extracted time intervals in minutes—response time, time on scene, time to transport initiation, and total time until crew availability—from the national EMS database and compared them to the pre- and post-introduction of the rendezvous model. We analyzed data using non-parametric statistical tests (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test), and we conducted a multivariable ordinary least squares regression to adjust for potential confounders.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 11,347 eligible cases, 11,094 met the inclusion criteria (8,389 patients treated during the pre-intervention period and 2,705 during the post-intervention period). Of these, 488 patients (4.4% of the overall cohort and 18.0% of the post-intervention cases) were managed by the rendezvous unit. Following rendezvous unit implementation, the mean response time was reduced compared to that of the standard physician-staffed transport units (–0.77 minutes per response; P < .001). The rendezvous unit demonstrated reductions in time to crew availability across districts, with absolute decreases ranging from 11.12 to 18.01 minutes; these differences were statistically significant in all districts except the undefined/border region (P < .001 for each comparison). The time spent on scene was slightly longer for the rendezvous unit in most districts, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. The time to transport initiation showed mixed trends. Ordinary least squares regression confirmed the independent association between rendezvous unit implementation and shorter response times.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Replacing a standard physician-staffed ambulance with a lighter, faster, non-transport rendezvous vehicle improved operational efficiency by reducing response times and expediting physician-staffed crew availability. These findings suggest that the rendezvous model can enhance system-level performance in urban EMS settings by supporting more flexible physician deployment and informing decisions on resource allocation within tiered prehospital systems.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency medical services" }, { "word": "Ambulances" }, { "word": "Time Factors" }, { "word": "Prehospital Care" }, { "word": "Rendez-vous System" }, { "word": "ambulances" }, { "word": "Time factors" }, { "word": "prehospital care" } ], "section": "Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72f1t2db", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sedlak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Záchranná služba Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic; Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Department of Trauma Surgery, Košice, Slovak Republic", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Petras", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Medical Education Centre, Košice, Slovak Republic", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Imrich", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Healthcare Analyses, Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovak Republic", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gaston", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ivanov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Health Section, Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovak Republic", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jozef", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Karas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Health Section, Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovak Republic", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-14T01:14:54.434000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-15T06:24:36.815000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T22:52:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/52829/galley/50426/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49101, "title": "Determination of Optimal Magill Forceps Hand Position and Laryngoscope Type to Remove a Simulated Foreign Body Airway Obstruction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Foreign body removal for airway obstruction is an infrequent skill performed by paramedics, and Magill forceps for removal of a foreign body from the airway is reserved for patients with persistent obstruction. Traditional paramedic instruction uses direct laryngoscopy to visualize foreign body removal. Our objective in this study was to evaluate time to removal of an obstruction comparing hand position and hyperangulated video laryngoscopy vs direct laryngoscopy with Magill forceps.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>A foreign body airway obstruction station was included in paramedics’ annual competency assessment over a two-year period as a quality improvement project. Paramedics were randomized to remove the foreign body with either direct laryngoscopy or hyperangulated video laryngoscopy with a handheld video laryngoscope. Our primary outcome measure was time from blade insertion to foreign body removal. The paramedics had further training regarding hand position prior to the second year’s annual competency assessment. After fitting a mixed-effects statistical model to the data, we included fixed effects of competency assessment year, device used, hand position, and random effect of paramedic. We evaluated the significance of these predictors on the dependent variable of time for removal.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed 245 foreign body airway obstruction removals, 77 in year 1 and 168 in year 2. The direct laryngoscopy (n = 123) and hyperangulated video laryngoscopy (n = 122) groups were nearly equal. During year 1, hand position was noted to be an important factor for removal time, as paramedics were seen to use different hand positions. Recording of hand position began during year 1, which excluded 95 earlier observations from year 1. Competency training year was not a significant factor for time to removal. However, direct laryngoscopy was faster at 14.9 seconds [sec], (95% CI 12.9-17.1) than hyperangulated video laryngoscopy at 19.2 sec [16.9-22]; P < .001. Of the four possible hand positions, forceps grasped by the right thumb and either middle or fourth finger, with the hand in a handshake position, and with the forceps superior to the hand was associated with the shortest time to foreign body removal. This optimal hand position was significantly better than the other grasping methods, with a mean of 11.2 sec (95% CI, 10.2-12.4) vs underhand method, 17.5 sec (14.7-21); overhand method, 15.1 sec (10.7-21.2); and multiple positions (27.5 sec, 22-34.5); P < .001).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We found that hand positioning for Magill forceps significantly affected time to foreign body removal. In addition, direct laryngoscopy outperformed hyperangulated video laryngoscopy. Given these findings, training on removal of foreign body airway obstruction with Magill forceps should emphasize optimal hand positioning. Paramedics may also consider the use of direct laryngoscopy over hyperangulated video laryngoscopy in removal of these obstructions. Further research is required to validate these findings.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Magill forceps" }, { "word": "foreign body airway obstruction" }, { "word": "hyperangulated video laryngoscopy" } ], "section": "Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w02646h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berkenbush", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Morristown Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Morristown, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Coco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thomas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pittsburgh, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mysh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rutledge", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Atlantic Center for Research, Morristown, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Raymond", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dwyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Atlantic Mobile Health, Florham Park, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kansky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Atlantic Mobile Health, Florham Park, New Jersey", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-07-24T13:30:25.520000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-07T23:58:49.977000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T22:32:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/49101/galley/50425/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3917, "title": "Tamarisk", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><em>Tamarisk refers to a group of tree species, several of which are indigenous to Egypt. These trees are able to survive in dry, saline environments, and so they are found throughout the country’s varied regions. Due to its ubiquity, tamarisk timber has been used extensively throughout history, though it is now considered to be a lower quality wood. In ancient Egypt, the tree was valued as an essential resource for fuel and construction, and had religious associations with the gods Wepwawet, Osiris, and Ra. Although the true value and significance of the tamarisk tree and its products are only beginning to be understood by Egyptologists, it is clear that the ancient Egyptians held it in high esteem. </em></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "wood" }, { "word": "religion" }, { "word": "Egypt" }, { "word": "Nature" } ], "section": "Natural Environment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5643w0c3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Caroline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arbuckle MacLeod", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Saskatchewan", "department": "Anthropology", "country": "Canada" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-02-05T03:01:15+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-01-30T15:54:03.073000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T21:33:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Galley of Tamarisk", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3917/galley/50421/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley of Tamarisk", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3917/galley/50421/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48904, "title": "Effect of Awareness of Excessive Use of Force on the Psychological Well-being and Workplace Environment of Emergency Physicians: A Pilot Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Excessive use of force by law enforcement officers is a critical public health issue linked to serious health consequences such as hypertension, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. While emergency physicians (EP) are often the first to treat patients with excessive use of force-related injuries, the work-life and psychological toll of witnessing these incidents remains underexplored. In this study, we examine how awareness of and exposure to excessive use of force affects the psychological well-being and professional environment of EPs.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> An observational cross-sectional survey was developed by EPs and psychiatrists to assess work-life and psychological impacts of awareness of excessive use of force on EPs. The survey included multiple-choice and Likert-scale questions and used the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R). It was distributed anonymously to EPs at three Texas academic institutions. We used the Fisher exact test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test to compare groups. Our primary outcome measure was psychological distress, assessed with the IES-R. Secondary outcome measures included self-reported effects of awareness of excessive use of force on subjects’ work environments, patient care, and interactions with law enforcement.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 282 surveys sent to EPs, 43 responded (15%). Eighteen of 40 (45%) reported experiencing work-life impacts and 15 of 40 (37.5%) experienced psychological distress; three did not comment. Abnormal IES-R scores were found in seven (19.6%) of 35 participants; eight did not respond. Participants who noted work-life effects of excessive use of force were more likely than those whose work-life was not affected to report modified patient care approaches (61% vs 0%, P < .001), altered interactions with law enforcement (83% vs 0%, P < .001), and altered interactions with patients (50% vs 0%, P < .001). Psychological distress was more prevalent among participants with personal exposure to excessive use of force compared to those without personal exposure (47% vs 12%, P = .02), and among those with second-hand exposure compared to those without second-hand exposure to excessive use of force (80% vs 56%, P = .04).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study demonstrates that exposure to excessive use of force is associated with psychological distress and professional impact among emergency physicians, influencing interactions with patients and law enforcement. These findings underscore the need for further characterization of the effects of awareness of and exposure to excessive use of force on EPs. This, in turn, may inform institutional interventions and national protocols aimed at mitigating psychological burden, supporting physician resilience, and promoting high-quality, equitable patient care.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "exessive use of force" }, { "word": "police brutality" }, { "word": "law enforcement officers" }, { "word": "Physician Wellbeing" }, { "word": "PTSD" }, { "word": "psychological impact" }, { "word": "work life impact" }, { "word": "emergency medicine physicians" } ], "section": "Emergency Medicine Workforce", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ff557tj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anisha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Turner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Medrano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin-Dat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nguyen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaofan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bicette", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vidya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eswaran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adedoyin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Adesina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-07-06T23:05:48.598000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-21T02:04:06.463000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T20:56:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48904/galley/50418/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 64772, "title": "Editors’ Introduction: Focusing Attention on Disability and Neurodivergence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This editors’ introduction to the Special Issue (SI) on Neurodivergence and Disability in Writing Assessment identifies the urgency of attention to intersections between writing assessment research and neurodivergence, disability, and embodiment. The editors situate the SI within a longer tradition at JWA. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "disability" }, { "word": "neurodivergence" }, { "word": "writing assessment" }, { "word": "embodiment" }, { "word": "assessment" }, { "word": "special issue" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0860k909", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lizbett", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tinoco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Texas A&M University-San Antonio", "department": "LLA" }, { "first_name": "Stacy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wittstock", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mathew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gomes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Clara University", "department": "English" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-01T23:59:28.878724+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-02T00:00:48.435488+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:39:15.555311+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/64772/galley/50239/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/64772/galley/50239/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 64756, "title": "Introduction, JWA Special Issue on Disability, Neurodivergence, and Writing Assessment ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This essay provides an introduction to the special issue on alternative writing assessment and disability/neurodivergence. The editors argue that anti-ableist theories of writing assessment are rooted in disciplinary efforts to address prior discrimination in writing assessment and subsequent work seeking to cultivate fairer, student-centered practices in both classroom and institutional spaces. Building on the work of scholars in disability studies and writing assessment, as well as the contributors to this special issue, the editors further contend that the diversity of experiences with disability/neurodivergence means that frameworks for anti-ableist writing assessment must be multivocal and plural, integrating values from disability studies, including the importance of foregrounding disabled experiences and acknowledging varied timeframes and methods for work and writing. The essay provides an overview of the contributors’ essays and concludes with an encouragement to readers to incorporate these articles into their research, teaching, and programmatic activities. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "disability" }, { "word": "neurodivergence" }, { "word": "writing assessment" }, { "word": "alternative assessment" }, { "word": "grading" }, { "word": "placement" }, { "word": "fairness" }, { "word": "equity" }, { "word": "equitable" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rx5c6f2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harnish", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Alaska Anchorage", "department": "Dept of Writing" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Von Bergen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Murray State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-04-30T23:01:20.836917+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-01T00:46:09.843396+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:38:43.375929+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/64756/galley/50306/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/64756/galley/50306/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46603, "title": "Beyond Retrofitting: Crip Engagement, Radical Flexibility, and Alternative Futures for Writing Assessment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article explores the limitations of current writing assessment models through a crip lens, critiquing the ableist assumptions embedded in traditional and alternative systems, such as labor-based and engagement-based grading. Drawing on Inoue’s (2024) concept of crip labor and the author’s own Engagement-Based Grading Contract (EBGC), the article examines how these models, while attempting to increase equity, still operate within the ableist structures of higher education. The author argues that true equity in assessment requires radical transformation, centered on the dynamic, diverse, and often unpredictable ways students engage with learning. The article introduces a crip assessment ecology that values radical flexibility, relationality, and disclosure, emphasizing the importance of embracing the varying forms of engagement that emerge in the classroom. By engaging with critical disability theory and praxis, this article advocates for rethinking assessment as a process that disrupts normative ideals and promotes inclusive, accessible, and transformative educational practices.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "disability" }, { "word": "labor-based assessment" }, { "word": "engagement-based assessment" }, { "word": "crip assessment" }, { "word": "accessibility" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bp9z402", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kelsey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hawkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-10T14:52:40.771000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-03-03T09:04:54.040259+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:38:10.273903+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/46603/galley/49367/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/46603/galley/49367/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46594, "title": "Not That We Asked: Assessment, Placement, and Unprompted Disability Disclosure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Scholarship on disability and writing assessment has infrequently included discussion of writing placement. This is surprising, as placement is an assessment mechanism–whether students assess their own writing readiness or are assessed by others–and there is much scholarship on disability and writing assessment (including this special issue).</p>\n<p>Assessment of writing placement systems often focuses on how specific types of students succeed in the courses they eventually take, and to date, this research has not considered disabled students. While there may be challenges in gathering placement data on disabled students–as disability is often an ignored demographic in institutional data sets–the exclusion of disability in assessing placement systems is unjustified.</p>\n<p>At the same time, attending to disability in assessing writing placement systems should not be limited to assessing disabled students’ successes and failures. Rather than studying the outcomes for disabled students (which are limited by confounding variables), I suggest we flip the script and assess the inclusivity and accessibility of our placement systems, and by extension our writing programs and courses, by considering the presence of disability in our placement data. Assessing how and whether disability appears in writing placement data can be a starting point for writing programs looking to begin or extend conversations about disability and writing placement.</p>\n<p>To this end, I analyze a small set of disability disclosures in the reflective writing included as part of the 2024 Directed Self-Placement (DSP) process at my institution. I suggest that there is particular value in considering unprompted disclosures of disability in placement data, as such mentions reveal how and whether students perceive disability to be broadly relevant and welcome in writing programs and classrooms (even when it is not asked about). Examining these explicit and implicit mentions of disability in DSP data also urged me to consider how to more intentionally represent, and ask about, disability in writing placement surveys, which I consider in the final section of this essay. In all, this short essay invites more scholarship at the intersection of assessment, placement, and disability.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fz25362", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vidali", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Cruz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-08T23:48:52.195000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-04-07T19:16:48.152798+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:37:13.107659+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/46594/galley/49461/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/46594/galley/49461/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43574, "title": "Following the North Star: Movement Toward Universal Writing Assessment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Pursuing universal writing assessments is a paradox. Universal writing assessments need to be designed for all students, and yet there is no one-size-fits-all method or practice that will work equally for all students. Therefore, universal writing assessment requires flexibility and the acknowledgement of difference. Universal writing assessment means that students won’t necessarily be doing the same things and being evaluated in the same ways, which is steeped into foundational notions of fairness, ranking, and comparison in assessment. Educators have also been lulled into a false sense of security, believing that our current approaches are sufficiently inclusive, but that is not the case. We still adopt ableist or accommodationist approaches to writing assessment even when we know universal writing assessment would be better for all involved. The extent to which universal writing assessment is possible will be largely dependent on local contexts and situations. In many ways it’s an impossibility, and yet one worth pursuing.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "universal design" }, { "word": "Writing Assessment" }, { "word": "flexibility" }, { "word": "reflection" }, { "word": "inclusivity" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15b5n3hd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Neal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida State University", "department": "English" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-25T20:58:32.539000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-03-04T20:21:49.779720+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:36:35.700851+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/43574/galley/49460/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/43574/galley/49460/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42491, "title": "Disability, Normativity, and the Agentive Promises of Placement", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article draws on critical disability frameworks to advance conversations on equitable placement design for writing programs in the postsecondary setting. The advantages of disability-as-insight are articulated, followed by a review of existing research on disability and directed-self-placement. Finally, a heuristic informed by critical disability studies is offered to administrators to apply to placement practices in their programs. The heuristic identifies four areas for interrogation: normativity, difference fixation, ableist influence, and crip futurities. The aim of the article is to mark the presence of critical disability studies in the existing scholarship on placement and to promote analytic tools that demonstrate the methodological utility of critical disability studies in promoting social justice and ethical placement practice. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "disability" }, { "word": " directed self-placement" }, { "word": " normativity" }, { "word": " social justice" }, { "word": " Equity" }, { "word": " design" }, { "word": " ableism" }, { "word": "directed self-placement" }, { "word": "normativity" }, { "word": "Social Justice" }, { "word": "ableism" }, { "word": "Equity" }, { "word": "design" }, { "word": "critical disability studies" }, { "word": "time" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w0665n2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wood", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Northern Colorado", "department": "English" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-08T01:34:09.941000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-26T04:31:58.318707+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:35:46.542972+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42491/galley/49366/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42491/galley/49366/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42240, "title": "The Paradox of Academic Trust and Accessibility", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This interlude examines the paradoxical nature of trust and accessibility in academic spaces through the author's dual perspective as both an AuDHD PhD student and Teaching Fellow. Through autotheoretical reflection on a particularly challenging semester complicated by medication side effects and anxiety, the author explores how institutional power dynamics create an uneven landscape of trust: while tenured professors can extend implicit trust to struggling students, precarious teaching fellows often feel constrained by institutional pressures and mentorship that emphasizes skepticism over accommodation. This tension reveals how institutional structures of distrust can impede the implementation of disability-conscious pedagogies, even when individual instructors are committed to accessibility.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "UDL" }, { "word": " Institutional Accessibility" }, { "word": " Kairotic Spaces" }, { "word": " Institutional Trust" }, { "word": " Crip Time" }, { "word": "Kairotic Spaces" }, { "word": "Institutional Accessibility" }, { "word": "Institutional Trust" }, { "word": "Crip Time" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n6102sx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raines", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Houston", "department": "English" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-02T02:58:44.140000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-03-12T06:28:50.006308+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:34:48.738676+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42240/galley/49365/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42240/galley/49365/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42230, "title": "Metis as a Pedagogical Framework for Approaching Alternative Writing Assessment: Embracing Neurodiversity Through Adaptation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>In recent years, <em>metis</em>, which refers to “the rhetorical concept of cunning and adaptive intelligence” (Dolmage, 2014, p. 5) has been utilized as a framework for theorizing approaches to writing anxiety (Wood, 2020), examining adaptive literacy practices (Kamperman, 2020), and reimagining pedagogy in the rhetoric and writing classroom (Selznick, 2020). While this scholarship has done critical work positioning <em>metis</em> as a framework for challenging normative approaches to writing pedagogy, little has been written to tie this concept to alternative writing assessment itself. In this article, I offer <em>metis </em>as a pedagogical framework for conceptualizing accessible alternative writing assessment practices grounded in adaptation. I argue that using <em>metis</em> as a framework encourages writing teachers to embrace neurodiversity through flexible writing assessment tactics that center students’ nonnormative, embodied composition processes.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "neurodiversity" }, { "word": " Metis" }, { "word": " accessibility" }, { "word": " Alternative Assessment" }, { "word": " disability" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/081343dw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Millie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hizer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southeastern Louisiana University", "department": "English and World Languages" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-31T04:12:41.553000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-19T05:42:34.290562+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:33:04.850772+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42230/galley/49364/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42230/galley/49364/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52962, "title": "Clinical Insights and Case Analysis of Disorders Attributed to Cicadas in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> In 2024 the United States experienced a rare co-emergence of two periodical cicada broods (XIII and XIX), along with annual cicadas. Although not inherently dangerous, cicadas have been linked to allergic reactions and unintentional injuries. The public health impact of this extraordinary event is poorly understood. In this study we aimed to characterize emergency department (ED) and urgent care (UC) visits associated with the 2024 cicada emergence. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective chart review across ED and UC sites in a large healthcare system in the Midwest and Southeast that coincides with the ranges of the periodical cicada broods, from April 1–July 31, 2024. Electronic health records were searched for “cicada” and common variants. Two emergency physicians in each region reviewed identified records. Data extracted included demographics, diagnoses, visit characteristics, diagnostics, treatments, and outcomes. </p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,304,743 total visits, 68 mentioned “cicada” or a variant; 42 were confirmed as cicada related. Patient ages ranged from 7 weeks to 87 years of age (median 38 years). Trauma was the most common cicada-related presentation (33), followed by falls (21), blunt trauma (6), vehicular/bicycle accidents (3), and other mechanisms. Additional cases involved allergic reactions (3), environmental exposure (2), and neurologic symptoms (2). Imaging was common: 57% had radiographs and 43% computed tomography. Seven patients sustained fractures; one required laceration repair, and six were admitted. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> While the overall health system impact was limited, cicada-related visits revealed important patterns of injury. Findings support the need for public education and preparedness during future mass insect events.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency preparedness" }, { "word": "Public health" }, { "word": "Epidemiology" }, { "word": "cicada" }, { "word": "environmental" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jg7p1jg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heslin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frueh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Madison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Watts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ahmad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abdulla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexandras", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Biskis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aurora Sinai Medical Center, Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Office of Research Analytics and Systems Computing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Fox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Carolinas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elise", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lovell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, Illinois; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McKillip", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Health, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, Illinois; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-28T04:02:29.412000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-19T04:02:15.469000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:33:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/52962/galley/50417/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42063, "title": "Cripping Institutional Assessment: A New Writing Program Administrator’s Examination of Institutional Practices for Placement", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>As a new Writing Program Director at a large R1 institution, my research focuses on ways to understand the challenges for disabled and neurodivergent students in our institutional writing placement. Since placement policies are often impacted by both internal and external factors over time, it may be hard for well-established institutional leaders to see the consequences of some of the administrative policies in our program. To that end, I hope this research is the beginning of enacting best practice disability policies at my institution in order to facilitate access, belonging, and equity in high stakes writing placement. Since all writing programs must align their curricular, pedagogical, and administrative purposes with institutional directives, I will also consider what can and cannot be easily changed and provide concrete and varied suggestions that may transfer across different institutions. My long-term goal is to move our program and our institution towards Margaret Price’s (2024) “collective accountability” (p.169). We need accountability that arises from a fundamental concern about the varying needs of the diverse students who come to our campus. I seek to explore a new framework for differently-abled students to navigate placement and that may help us adapt our institutional practices for assessment in ethical and sustainable ways.<br><br></p>\n<p> </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Equity" }, { "word": " fairness" }, { "word": " access" }, { "word": "placement" }, { "word": "disabled" }, { "word": "neurodivergent" }, { "word": "access" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zt978cj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitchell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington State University", "department": "Writing Program" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-28T01:17:35.857000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-19T05:41:03.992799+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:32:21.025133+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42063/galley/49363/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/42063/galley/49363/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41509, "title": "\n\nDecoupling Documentation From Disability:\n\nA First Step Toward Centering Neurodivergent and Disabled Writers in Writing Assessment Practices\n", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article outlines a series of inclusive assessment practices to help mitigate the shortcomings of the academic accommodations system and support students with both documented and undocumented disabilities, as well as their non-disabled peers. I argue that because of the inequities that characterize the accommodations system, including the barriers that prevent students from gaining accommodations, faculty members across the disciplines should develop inclusive assessment practices so that students do not have to depend solely on the formal accommodations system. The inclusive assessment practices detailed in the article provide students with autonomy, choice, and flexibility. As such, these assessment practices already have the potential to meet the needs of students with a range of disabilities and particularly those with disabilities that have been termed “invisible,” such as learning disabilities, ADHD, psychiatric disabilities, and neurodivergence. I contend that because Writing Program Administrators have relationships with faculty across the disciplines they are well-positioned to guide faculty in rebuilding their assessment practices. The article concludes by considering how these inclusive assessment practices may potentially enhance recruitment and retention efforts, as well. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "alternative assessment practices; ungrading; disability; neurodivergence; academic accommodations" } ], "section": "Special Issue on Neurodivergence & Disability in Writing Assessment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/41p347tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ellen", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Carillo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-18T18:42:56.492000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-15T21:15:47.917000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T19:30:53.006288+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/41509/galley/49362/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jwa/article/41509/galley/49362/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50598, "title": "Through the Prism: Shining Light on LGBTQIA+ Applicant Identities and Influences", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Program diversity impacts rank-list creation for emergency medicine (EM)-bound applicants, but how lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and other sexual and gender minorities (LGBTQIA+) identities influence residency selection is unknown. This study investigates general patterns in EM applicant LGBTQIA+ identities, disclosure of those identities, and how LGBTQIA+ factors impact residency selection. Additionally, we present data exploring the relationship between medical school location and the location of top-ranked programs for LGBTQIA+ and non-LGBTQIA+ identifying applicants. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We surveyed 2,287 EM-bound United States MD/DO applicants who applied to one of five author EM programs and programs affiliated with the Emergency Medicine Education Research Alliance from May 16–June 30, 2024. The survey included multiple-choice, free-text, and Likert scale questions. Data were explored with descriptive statistics, and we used chi-square and Fisher exact tests to compare differences in proportions. We also analyzed applicants’ medical school state and a graphical representation of the top three positions on their residency rank lists, using inverse-proportional weighting.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 445 respondents (19.4%), 59 (13.3%) identified as LGBTQIA+. Gender identities included 173 cisgender men (38.9%), 254 cisgender women (57.1%), one transgender man (0.2%), one transgender woman (0.2%), four non-binary (0.9%), one genderqueer (0.2%), and seven “preferred not to answer” (1.6%). Among LGBTQIA+ respondents, seven (11.9%) disclosed their status within the application, nine (15.3%) during the interview, 18 (30.5%) in both, and 25 (42.4%) did not disclose. Among 56 respondents, 36 (64.3%) supported adding LGBTQIA+ status to the residency application; 20 (35.7%) did not. Of the program factors considered, program diversity (91.1%) and commitment to underserved communities (96.4%) were significantly more important for LGBTQIA+ respondents (P < .01), while proximity to partner(s) (64.3%; P < .01) and program length (66.1%; P = .02) were significantly less important compared with non-LGBTQIA+ respondents. Additional factors that influenced LGBTQIA+ applicants’ rank list included political environment, friendliness of the learning environment, and presence/absence of anti-LGBTQIA+ laws. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Many LGBTQIA+ applicants do not disclose their identities when applying for residency. LGBTQIA+ respondents value program diversity and commitment to underserved communities, and they consider LGBTQIA+-specific factors such as the presence of anti-LGBTQIA+ legislation. These insights can inform residency programs and recruitment practices.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Emergency Medicine Workforce", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/561893ht", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kayla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iuliucci", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moujaes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rudolph", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fredericks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Blake", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Denley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ochsner Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Paskin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Department of Emergency Medicine, Burlington, Vermont", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arlene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Department of Emergency Medicine, Burlington, Vermont", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jaime", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jordan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Edgardo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ordonez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Houston, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smylie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simiao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li-Sauerwine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "P. Logan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weygandt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-08-09T00:34:08.073000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-24T22:10:33.915000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-18T16:35:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50598/galley/50424/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62178, "title": "Paleobiology Database User Guide Version 2.0", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The Paleobiology Database is an online, non-governmental, non-profit public resource for paleontological data. It is organized and operated by a multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional, international group of paleobiological researchers. This is the second edition of the volume designed to be a comprehensive guide for Paleobiology Database users, both General and Contributory. It covers most database uses from data retrieval and mapping to data contribution of all types. It contains numerous examples to illustrate database use as well as definitions of terms and additional links to numerous other sources. We hope that this user guide will help all users access the great volume of data in the Paleobiology Database and lead others to start and continue to add data to the system.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0", "text": "<p><!-- x-tinymce/html --></p>\n<p>Readers are free to:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Share</strong> — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format</li>\n<li><strong>Adapt</strong> — remix, transform, and build upon the material<br><br>The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Under the following terms:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Attribution</strong> — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.</li>\n<li><strong>NonCommercial</strong> — You may not use the material for commercial purposes .</li>\n<li><strong>ShareAlike</strong> — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.<br><br>No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Notices:</p>\n<p>You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.</p>\n<p>No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.</p>", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "paleobiology" }, { "word": "database" }, { "word": "User guide" }, { "word": "fos" }, { "word": "occurrences" }, { "word": "taxonomy" }, { "word": "Database" }, { "word": "user guide" }, { "word": "Fossil" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gg7n69f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Uhen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Other", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bethany", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Allen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clapham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phoebe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emma", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Dunne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)", "department": "GeoZentrum Nordbayern" }, { "first_name": "Austin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hendy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Holroyd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hopkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phillip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jardine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ádám", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Kocsis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phillip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mannion", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Novack-Gottshall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Catalina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pimiento", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wagner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-01-23T22:08:25.504000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-03-25T02:42:41.121511+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-16T20:12:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/62178/galley/50414/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/62178/galley/50414/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65817, "title": "Western Gold and Silver Mining Heritage: A Need for National Park Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The growth of the US National Park System is an important preservation story that shows the historical, ecological, political, and cultural character of the nation. Proposals for new units follow both agency plans and individual or group initiatives. The study of proposed units that fail reveals much about NPS criteria and public attitudes. This article adds to the literature about unsuccessful proposals by explaining why NPS does not have a unit interpreting the gold and silver mining rushes that helped open the entire conterminous West. We detail the criteria by which new proposals are judged, the impact of the Historic Sites Act of 1935, and contrast national historic landmarks with other designations that have full inclusion in the park system. After establishing the significance of precious metal mining in American history, we then identify 10 reasons why specific proposals collapsed, five based on public reactions and another five stemming from NPS itself. Finally, we briefly consider whether opportunities still exist to interpret this major part of the American experience.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Advances in Research and Management", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46t185vm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dilsaver", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Alabama", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wyckoff", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Montana State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-16T08:28:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65817/galley/50469/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65817/galley/50469/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53001, "title": "The Role of Cognitive, Affective, and Experiential Individual Differences on L2 Pronunciation Production: Implications for the ESL Classroom", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Individual differences (IDs) refer to the cognitive, affective, and experiential factors which determine variability in language learning. While ID research has had a strong appearance in second language acquisition, its presence in L2 pronunciation research has been sporadic. This study investigated a range of IDs, including cognitive (phonological short-term memory), affective (motivation and anxiety) and experiential (age, length of residence and English use) on pronunciation production. Speech data were collected from twenty ESL learners, and their patterns of segmental and suprasegmental performance were measured. Results of linear mixed effect modeling demonstrated an overall negative effect of age, an overall positive effect of motivation and L2 English use, and a dynamic and complex effect of phonological short-term memory, anxiety, and length of residence. Implications are discussed with respect to how IDs can be considered in pronunciation teaching and learning.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "individual differences" }, { "word": "Pronunciation" }, { "word": "Second Language Acquisition" }, { "word": "segmentals" }, { "word": "suprasegmentals" } ], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jr7c0kk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alyssa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kermad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State Polytechnic University, Pomona", "department": "English and Modern Languages" }, { "first_name": "Vedran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dronjic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northern Arizona University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Okim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northern Arizona University", "department": "English" }, { "first_name": "Naoko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Taguchi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northern Arizona University", "department": "English" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-02T01:48:47.520000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-17T04:16:05.352000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-16T02:20:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "CJ 36-1_Kermad, Dronjic, Kang & Taguchi", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/53001/galley/50310/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "CJ 36-1_Kermad, Dronjic, Kang & Taguchi", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/53001/galley/50310/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42492, "title": "Understanding and Responding to Afghan Female Refugee Educational Needs as They Pursue Higher Education at a California Community College.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The purpose of this study was to understand the educational needs of Afghan women refugees attending community college. Knowing this student population’s needs could allow educators and educational leaders to create more equity-minded support. A qualitative study with a narrative approach was conducted with four Afghan female participants who identified themselves as refugees. Yosso’s (2005) community cultural wealth theory was used as the theoretical framework to guide this study. Data analysis of the women’s narratives revealed the significance of their families’ and the Afghan community’s support when pursuing higher education. The women’s personal strengths: positive, motivated, persistent, intelligent, and giving surfaced during the research. The study also revealed the college resources that help refugee women persist in college.</p>", "language": "enm", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Afghan women" }, { "word": "refugees" }, { "word": "community college" }, { "word": "educational needs" }, { "word": "community cultural wealth" } ], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9t9715x9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katarzyna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Modesto Junior College", "department": "English Language" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-08T03:53:46.958000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-13T05:28:26.558000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-16T02:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "CJ 36-1_Hey", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/42492/galley/50307/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "CJ 36-1_Hey", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/42492/galley/50307/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48492, "title": "Situated, Relational, and Critical: A Participatory Action Research Study of English Language Educators’ Homegrown Professional Learning in Oaxaca, Mexico", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Professional learning can promote equity in English language teaching, yet conventional approaches to professional development are technical, acontextual, and position educators as passive recipients of knowledge. This participatory action research study advances a situated, relational, and critical approach to professional learning and documents a collective of language educators in Oaxaca, Mexico that engaged in ongoing professional learning rooted in critical reflections on situated practice. Data were collected from transcripts of group discussions and teachers’ individual written reflections, and participants engaged in a process of collective data analysis. Findings suggest educators experienced increased confidence in their professional identities and their ability to develop culturally relevant curricula. Moreover, all participants reported an increased commitment to advocate for more equitable policies in the field. Finally, this paper offers guiding questions for educators in different contexts to consider when designing their own situated, relational, and critical professional learning experiences.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "professional learning" }, { "word": " English language teaching" }, { "word": " participatory action research" } ], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gs0x37v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cortesio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la Sierra Juárez", "department": "Centro de Idiomas" }, { "first_name": "Angelica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morales Santiago", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la Sierra Juárez", "department": "Centro de Idiomas" }, { "first_name": "Claudia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rafael Rafael", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Independent Researcher", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nora", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zárate Zárate", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Independent Researcher", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-06-07T21:53:50.655000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-13T05:22:40.411000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-15T23:07:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "CJ 36-1_Cortesio, Santiago, Rafael & Zárate", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/48492/galley/50308/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "CJ 36-1_Cortesio, Santiago, Rafael & Zárate", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/48492/galley/50308/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48789, "title": "Process Over Product With Labor-based Grading", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Many instructors adopt a process approach to writing, assigning multiple drafts and offering feedback for revision; they nonetheless maintain that ultimately a student must receive a grade based on the instructor-determined caliber of the final product in order to maintain high academic standards. This traditional grading system can be demotivating, increase anxiety, discourage creativity and risk-taking, and unleash linguistic bias. In contrast, labor-based grading focuses on effort and improvement and can result in greater student engagement, innovation, and growth. This article explains labor-based grading, illustrates its use in an L2 first-year writing class, and suggests ways to adopt it in other L2 teaching contexts. With testimonials from students, the authors show how labor-based grading, when used in conjunction with revision and a process approach to writing, can foster learning from error and a greater enjoyment of writing as an act of creation.</p>\n<p> </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "labor-based grading" }, { "word": "L2 writing" }, { "word": "assessment" }, { "word": "first year" }, { "word": "composition" } ], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/59w8w3sd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ti", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Macklin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boise State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brun-Mercer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boise State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-06-25T00:52:47.462000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-17T09:52:58.711000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-15T23:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "CJ 36-1_Brun-Mercer & Macklin", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/48789/galley/50309/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "CJ 36-1_Brun-Mercer & Macklin", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/48789/galley/50309/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53133, "title": "Length of Stay of Emergency Department Patients with Stimulant Intoxication Receiving Intravenous Fluid", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Intravenous (IV) fluids are routinely administered empirically in the emergency department (ED) for patients presenting with stimulant intoxication (eg, cocaine, methamphetamine, synthetic marijuana), although the literature is sparse regarding the benefits and risks of this practice. Our primary objective in this study was to assess whether empiric administration of IV fluids in the ED is associated with increased discharge length of stay (LOS) among ED patients presenting for stimulant intoxication who were subsequently discharged. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This single-center, retrospective cohort study included 100 patients 18-69 years of age who were discharged from the ED with a non-incidental diagnosis related to stimulant intoxication between May 29, 2020–December 31, 2023, based on International Classification of Diseases code and chart review, in addition to a triage heart rate ≥ 90 beats per minute. We excluded patients if the medical decision-making reflected a clear indication for IV fluids or the presence of pre-defined confounding diagnoses or an uncontrolled factor that would have inherently impacted discharge LOS. Our primary outcome measure was discharge LOS. A multiple linear regression model controlled for the potentially confounding secondary outcome measures of age, sex, alcohol involvement, advanced imaging, sedation, and discharge escort. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 100 patients were included, including 50 (50%) patients who did not receive IV fluids and 50 (50%) patients who did. Median patient age was 35 (interquartile range [IQR] 29-41) and 73% of patients were male. Patients who received IV fluids had a median LOS of 345 minutes (IQR 260-470) vs 305 minutes (IQR 205-413), with multivariable linear regression showing no statistically significant difference (β = 40.3, 95% CI, –13.6 to 94.2, R2 = 0.162). </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study suggests that empiric IV fluid administration in stimulant-intoxicated ED patients was not significantly associated with discharge length of stay. Although the observed difference and confidence interval suggest the possibility of a clinically meaningful increase in discharge LOS with empiric IV fluid, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Time is an important resource in high-volume ED settings, and this study suggest the need for judicious use of IV fluids in the absence of a clear indication.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56d50380", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kent", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Grimes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tampa, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brandon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Calkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Teagen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida, Research Methodology and Biostatistics Core, Tampa, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Heather", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Henderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tampa, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-12T23:55:41+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-30T23:43:05.229000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-15T20:02:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53133/galley/50359/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65806, "title": "A Market-Based Solution to Conserving Family Forests", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Conserving forests at scale is one of the most cost-effective strategies available for addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and rural economic decline simultaneously. In the United States, family forest owners (FFOs)—who collectively control the largest share of forestland—play an outsized role in determining environmental outcomes. Yet traditional conservation models dependent on public appropriations and philanthropy have struggled to reach this constituency at scale. This paper argues that market based conservation approaches, particularly voluntary carbon markets designed for small landowners, offer a scalable, credible, and economically durable solution. Using the Family Forest Carbon Program developed by the American Forest Foundation (AFF) and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) as a case study, this article illustrates how private climate finance can be leveraged to improve forest health, enhance biodiversity, and strengthen rural economies while maintaining high standards of environmental integrity.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Points of View", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g29g1pg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cadigan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American Forest Foundation", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65806/galley/50458/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65804, "title": "Cover, Masthead, and Table of Contents PSF Vol. 42 no. 2", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Cover, Masthead, and Table of Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qd3t25t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "The", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "PSF Editorial Team", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCB/GWS", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65804/galley/50456/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65814, "title": "Crowdsourcing conversations about America’s national parks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An excerpt from the book \"Conversations About Visiting and Managing the National Parks: Crowdsourcing America’s Best Idea.\"", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fs655bj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Manning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Vermont", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Perry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Michigan State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65814/galley/50466/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65809, "title": "Frameworks and Ladders: National Parks and Protected Areas in the College Classroom", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper articulates an approach I’ve developed and refined over several decades for teaching the subject of national parks and protected areas to undergraduate students in the college classroom. A similar approach informs my book-length works, which are geared not just to students and academic peers, but to the general public. Consequently, I believe these ideas may also be useful for public outreach. It involves the use of conceptual frameworks and what I refer to as “ladders.” While the frameworks allow students to better contextualize and identify broad themes in their study of national parks and protected areas, the ladders refer to pedagogic strategies for making rather abstract or historical ideas more tangible, concrete, and meaningful for students. The approach illustrated with examples drawn from a seminar course that I teach on US federal public lands at Gettysburg College. The seminar, in turn, follows the structure outlined in my book, America’s Public Lands: From Yellowstone to Smokey Bear.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pr1b1dd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Randall", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Gettysburg College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65809/galley/50461/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65816, "title": "GWS ParkForum 2025: A Conservation Solutions Workshop—Summary, Program, and Abstracts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In partnership with the University of Montana, in 2025 the George Wright Society organized the inaugural GWS ParkForum conservation solutions workshop—the first in an annual series of interdisciplinary meetings that share innovations, answers, and training related to the challenges facing parks, protected/conserved areas, historic and cultural sites, and other forms of place-based conservation. GWS ParkForum 2025 was held October 20¬–23 on the campus in Missoula, and was attended by 200 people.. This article provides a summary of the event, followed by the workshop program and the abstracts of all presentations in the Breakout and Poster Sessions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9j30k149", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harmon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "George Wright Society", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65816/galley/50468/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65813, "title": "It’s Ethics all the Way Down as National Parks Undergo Change", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite the presence of ethics in every management decision, ethics language and tools are unfamiliar to most public land managers. Fortunately, ethics is not a complicated, abstract specialty conducted by toga-wearing Greeks who ponder the imponderable. It is the fundamental activity of deciding what matters, a shared deliberation about what to value and what world we want to live in. Park management includes questions of this kind at every turn.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9p14s80n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Preston", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Montana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wylie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Park Service", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65813/galley/50465/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65810, "title": "National Parks and “Mission Essential”: Teaching About Protected Areas at the United States Air Force Academy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The United States Air Force Academy is one of five federal military academies in the United States and combines the functions of military training with academic education. The Academy is an entirely undergraduate institution, with about 4,000 cadets, who will graduate with a bachelor’s degree in one of over 30 majors. It was the last of the military academies to be founded, dating from 1954, and is located on a large and park-like campus on the outskirts of Colorado Springs, Colorado. A class on national parks and public lands was taught for the first time (to our knowledge) at the Academy in spring 2025. This paper narrates the history of that course and how it was structured to adapt to the unique environment of a military academy. It also highlights some of the distinctive features of teaching at such a place and the course’s role as “mission essential.”", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6df9p77m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lackey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "US Air Force Academy", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pretes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Alabama", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65810/galley/50462/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65812, "title": "Place Name Reconciliation Guiding Visions and Principles", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Place name reconciliation works to align the nation’s place name landscape with the nation’s ongoing progress toward the values of truth and justice. The emphasis of place name reconciliation is reform. It is not about erasing names and histories from the American landscape, but correcting the use of derogatory place names and addressing the harm they inflict upon discriminated groups along with how they damage wider possibilities for cohesive social relations in the nation. Reconciliation em-phasizes that the nation needs public name symbols that help citizens adequately understand and mutually respect the country’s socio-cultural differences.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wz3d9k7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Subcommittee on Principles and Processes, Federal Advisory Committee on Reconciliation in Place Names", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65812/galley/50464/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65811, "title": "Reconciliation in Place Names: Why Principled Frameworks Always Matter, But Especially Now at this Political Moment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "On November 19, 2021, Deb Haaland, secretary of the interior, issued two orders that launched a watershed federal effort to confront and begin healing from the harmful legacy of derogatory place names on federal lands across the United States. Through Secretarial Order 3404, Haaland formally identified “Squaw” as a derogatory term and acted to remove the long-time slur against Native women from more than 650 geographic features nationwide (Secretary of the Interior 2021a). Secretarial Order 3405 established a mechanism to continue and expand this work by creating the Federal Advisory Committee on Reconciliation in Place Names, tasked with addressing derogatory place names more broadly and systematically and facilitating their replacement in partnership with Tribal Nations, states, local communities, and the public. The authors were appointed to the committee. Here we share some of our experiences while serving, as well as guiding visions and principles to carry the work forward after President Trump abolished the Committee in 2025.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tp6b76z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Derek", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Alderman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tennessee", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Council of Geographic Naming Authorities & Nevada State Board on Geographic Names", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65811/galley/50463/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65819, "title": "RISE Declaration: “I thrived in situations where there were contentious conservation issues”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The federal government has been undergoing dramatic cuts since President Trump took office in January 2025, with ripple effects through partners in state and local government, academia, and the non-profit and private sectors. These changes are affecting all aspects of government, including the place-based conservation roles of agencies like the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), US Fish and Wildlife Service, and US Forest Service. This represents an enormous loss of institutional knowledge and capacity. The George Wright Society recognizes that government service, non-profit civil society, and unfettered academic inquiry are foundational to the well-being of the American nation. While the current administration’s policy and budgetary decisions are designed to undermine these values, the Society continues to support them in our focal area—parks, protected/conserved areas, cultural sites, and other forms of place-based conservation. As part of that response, the Society has launched a new program, the RISE Declarations Project, to support conservation colleagues who have recently lost their jobs due to actions by the current administration: people we refer to as Recent Involuntarily Separated Employees (RISEs). What follows is a RISE Declaration: a statement that lets RISEs summarize in their own words the most important aspects of their career in place-based conservation, along with lessons learned. For a complete introduction to the RISE Declarations Project, please go to https://doi.org/10.5070/P5.62005.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "RISE Declarations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s73p1wp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Gude", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "US Fish & Wildlife Service", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65819/galley/50471/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65820, "title": "RISE Declaration: “I was able to build staff confidence and knowledge for Indigenous engagement”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The federal government has been undergoing dramatic cuts since President Trump took office in January 2025, with ripple effects through partners in state and local government, academia, and the non-profit and private sectors. These changes are affecting all aspects of government, including the place-based conservation roles of agencies like the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), US Fish and Wildlife Service, and US Forest Service. This represents an enormous loss of institutional knowledge and capacity. The George Wright Society recognizes that government service, non-profit civil society, and unfettered academic inquiry are foundational to the well-being of the American nation. While the current administration’s policy and budgetary decisions are designed to undermine these values, the Society continues to support them in our focal area—parks, protected/conserved areas, cultural sites, and other forms of place-based conservation. As part of that response, the Society has launched a new program, the RISE Declarations Project, to support conservation colleagues who have recently lost their jobs due to actions by the current administration: people we refer to as Recent Involuntarily Separated Employees (RISEs). What follows is a RISE Declaration: a statement that lets RISEs summarize in their own words the most important aspects of their career in place-based conservation, along with lessons learned. For a complete introduction to the RISE Declarations Project, please go to https://doi.org/10.5070/P5.62005.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "RISE Declarations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76q093bc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alyssa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosemartin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65820/galley/50472/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65818, "title": "RISE Declaration: “I was forever in a constant state of learning”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The federal government has been undergoing dramatic cuts since President Trump took office in January 2025, with ripple effects through partners in state and local government, academia, and the non-profit and private sectors. These changes are affecting all aspects of government, including the place-based conservation roles of agencies like the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), US Fish and Wildlife Service, and US Forest Service. This represents an enormous loss of institutional knowledge and capacity. The George Wright Society recognizes that government service, non-profit civil society, and unfettered academic inquiry are foundational to the well-being of the American nation. While the current administration’s policy and budgetary decisions are designed to undermine these values, the Society continues to support them in our focal area—parks, protected/conserved areas, cultural sites, and other forms of place-based conservation. As part of that response, the Society has launched a new program, the RISE Declarations Project, to support conservation colleagues who have recently lost their jobs due to actions by the current administration: people we refer to as Recent Involuntarily Separated Employees (RISEs). What follows is a RISE Declaration: a statement that lets RISEs summarize in their own words the most important aspects of their career in place-based conservation, along with lessons learned. For a complete introduction to the RISE Declarations Project, please go to https://doi.org/10.5070/P5.62005.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "RISE Declarations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00k673v7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brookhart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65818/galley/50470/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65821, "title": "RISE Declaration: “Many times I heard from senior field colleagues who marveled at our ability to survive and operate at NPS headquarters”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The federal government has been undergoing dramatic cuts since President Trump took office in January 2025, with ripple effects through partners in state and local government, academia, and the non-profit and private sectors. These changes are affecting all aspects of government, including the place-based conservation roles of agencies like the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), US Fish and Wildlife Service, and US Forest Service. This represents an enormous loss of institutional knowledge and capacity. The George Wright Society recognizes that government service, non-profit civil society, and unfettered academic inquiry are foundational to the well-being of the American nation. While the current administration’s policy and budgetary decisions are designed to undermine these values, the Society continues to support them in our focal area—parks, protected/conserved areas, cultural sites, and other forms of place-based conservation. As part of that response, the Society has launched a new program, the RISE Declarations Project, to support conservation colleagues who have recently lost their jobs due to actions by the current administration: people we refer to as Recent Involuntarily Separated Employees (RISEs). What follows is a RISE Declaration: a statement that lets RISEs summarize in their own words the most important aspects of their career in place-based conservation, along with lessons learned. For a complete introduction to the RISE Declarations Project, please go to https://doi.org/10.5070/P5.62005.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "RISE Declarations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7v53x7d8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rudy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "D'Alessandro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Park Service", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65821/galley/50473/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65805, "title": "Stress Test: How the National Park Service Responded to a Directive to Erase History and Silence Science", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this \"Letter from Woodstock,\" our columnist Rolf Diamant shares his detailed analysis of the National Park Service's responses to the Trump administration's order to censor history and science.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Points of View", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54h0f039", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rolf", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Diamant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "GWS", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65805/galley/50457/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65807, "title": "Teaching with National Parks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An introduction to the three featured theme articles in this issue, which are case studies of university courses focused on national parks.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9j19s5x9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pretes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Alabama", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Randall", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Gettysburg College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65807/galley/50459/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65815, "title": "The interpretive theme as a foundation for visitor management planning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>An excerpt from the book \"Interpretive Theme Writer’s Field Guide: How to Craft Strong Themes from Big Idea to Presentation\"</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dx6r0mp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kohl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "PUP Collaboratory", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65815/galley/50467/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65822, "title": "Treeness", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A poem in the \"Verse in Place\" section of Parks Stewardship Forum.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Verse in Place", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5776t9tq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Allen-Paisant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65822/galley/50474/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65808, "title": "What is the Purpose of the National Parks? Teaching the Course “History of America’s National Parks”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "For the past several years I have taught HIST 476: History of America’s National Parks. Created by one of my predecessors at Colorado State University, the class introduces students to the major events that have shaped the national parks over the past 200 years. Unlike many upper-division history courses, the majority of the students in the class are not history majors. And so, I have had to think about how to teach an upper-division history course to primarily non-majors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cw0r8t8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Childers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-15T19:59:37+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/65808/galley/50460/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47925, "title": "Non-Opioid Pharmaceutical Alternatives for Acute Pain Management in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> In light of the ongoing opioid epidemic, emergency clinicians have faced the difficult challenge of managing acute pain while reducing opioid prescriptions. Improved use of non-opioid analgesics could decrease the need for opioid medications in the management of acute pain. Limited work has been done to systematically produce a comprehensive list of non-opioid pharmaceuticals targeted to specific pain-associated conditions. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a scoping review of recent literature for non-opioid pharmaceuticals that could help manage five painful conditions commonly treated in our institution’s ED: abdominal pain; back pain; chest pain; fracture pain; and headache. In November 2023, we identified reviews published from November 2018–2023 in PubMed to curate a list of alternatives to opioids to effectively manage acute pain.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We screened 246 studies that reviewed management approaches for the five chosen conditions that commonly present with pain in the ED and included 23 studies. Acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were recommended for all five painful conditions. Ketamine was suggested for abdominal pain, chest pain, and headaches. For back pain, anti-depressants and muscle relaxants were advised. Benzodiazepines and anti-psychotics were indicated for abdominal pain. Triptans, anti-psychotics, and anti-emetics were suggested for headaches. <br> <br><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights several non-opioid medications for treating acute pain in the ED. The targeted, comprehensive list generated in this study can serve as a practical resource to support alternative-to-opioid programs in EDs by guiding the creation of pharmaceutical order sets tailored to common ED presentations. Ultimately, this tool may help reduce unnecessary opioid exposure and improve patient outcomes in emergency care settings.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "acute pain" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Non-Opioid" }, { "word": "pain management" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82r3t6bq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Akash", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shanmugam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sally", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Graglia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Curtis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Geier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Juan Carlos", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Montoy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gelb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kathy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "LeSaint", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-06-22T10:01:58.062000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-05T05:07:36.532000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-14T22:32:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47925/galley/50358/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52905, "title": "Documentation of Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) Is Frequently Incomplete: A Prospective Observational Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (eFAST) is a point-of-care ultrasound protocol that identifies life-threatening thoracoabdominal trauma. Clinical documentation of the eFAST is essential to convey medical decisions, but the extent of documentation in clinical practice is unknown. This study describes the proportion of eFAST exams that are documented in the medical record, the type of documentation (free text vs procedure note), and clinical factors associated with documentation.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective, single-center study evaluated the documentation of consecutive eFAST exams performed at a single Level I trauma center between November 2021–November 2022. Research coordinators observed all trauma activations and noted whether any portion of an eFAST was performed. Our primary outcome was the presence of any documentation in the chart. We analyzed secondary outcomes using a multivariable logistic regression model and included the type of documentation (any documentation vs billable procedure note) as well as patient- (body mass index, age, sex, shock index > 1, and presence of pathology on reference test) and operator-level (involvement of ultrasound faculty) factors associated with each type of documentation.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 335 patients had a witnessed eFAST performed during the study period. No documentation was observed in 114/335 (34%) patients compared to any documentation in 221/335 (66%). Most documentation was free text only in 134/335 (40%) patients, with only 87/335 (25.9%) of patients with billable documentation. Regression analysis found that shock index > 1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.37; 95% CI, 2.55-31.29), presence of pathology on eFAST (aOR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.24-3.51), and involvement of ultrasound section faculty (aOR 1.93; 95% CI, 1.05-3.66) were significantly associated with an increase in any documentation.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one-third of performed trauma eFAST exams are undocumented, and only one-quarter of exams have structured documentation that enables billing. Further work is needed to understand factors that can lead to improved documentation quality to communicate results, justify medical decision-making, and augment reimbursement.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "POCUS" }, { "word": "workflow" }, { "word": "Documentation" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kr9n422", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Magdelyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feuerherdt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Elman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Sciences University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon; Portland State University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryson", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hicks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alfredo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sabbaj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Mclean", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aishwarya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sreenivasan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cynthia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gregory", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenton", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gregory", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nikolai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schnittke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Portland, Oregon; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-18T22:52:41.692000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-17T23:39:32.110000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-14T21:49:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/52905/galley/50354/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48347, "title": "Association of Hypertension Severity with 30-Day Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Intermediate High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is a recognized risk factor for acute coronary syndrome and major adverse cardiovascular events, yet its influence on high sensitivity cardiac troponin (hscTn) concentrations and on the prognostic value of intermediate hscTnI results remains uncertain. We assessed whether blood pressure category confounds the relationship between intermediate hscTnI values (4-18 nanograms per liter [ng/L]) and 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a secondary analysis of the Rapid Acute Coronary Syndrome Evaluation-Implementation Trial (steppedwedge randomized trial across nine Michigan emergency departments [ED] (July 2020–April 2021). From 32,609 patients in the primary trial, we analyzed only those with available hs-cTnI values reported to be in the intermediate range (4-18 ng/L). The first recorded ED blood pressure-determined category: normotensive (< 140/< 90 millimeters of mercury [mm Hg] moderate [140-179/90-109 mm Hg]; or severe [≥ 180/≥ 110 mm Hg]. Generalized linear models and penalized logistic regression examined associations with hscTnI and 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events (allcause death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization), respectively, adjusting for confounders.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis included 23,803 patients. Mean age was 57.5 ± 17.9 years; 57.5% were women and 32.7% Black. Blood pressure categories were normotensive 40.9%, moderate 46.5%, and severe 12.6%. After adjustment, severe blood pressure was associated with a 16% higher mean hscTnI (calculated as %change= 10β – 1; β = 0.064, 95%, CI 0.047-0.082). Major adverse cardiovascular events at 30-days occurred in 148 patients (0.6%), 47 of them normotensive (0.5%), 77 with moderate hypertension (0.7%), and 24 with severe hypertension (0.8%). Compared with normotension, moderate blood pressure independently increased 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events risk (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.47, 95% CI, 1.02-2.13; absolute risk difference +0.25%, 95% CI, 0.01-0.49), whereas severe blood pressure showed no clear association (AOR 1.32, 95% CI, 0.80-2.18; absolute risk difference +0.17%, 95 % CI, −0.09 to 0.43). Estimates were similar in sensitivity analyses limited to patients without coronary artery disease.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among ED patients with intermediate hscTnI, blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg confers modestly higher short term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, but incremental severity beyond this threshold does not add prognostic value. Elevated hscTnI in the context of severely elevated blood pressure likely reflects myocardial stress rather than additional ischemic risk. Clinicians should interpret intermediate troponin results in hypertensive patients cautiously, integrating clinical presentation and established risk factors.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "hypertension severity" }, { "word": "high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I" }, { "word": "acute coronary syndrome" }, { "word": "major adverse cardiovascular events" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fc2k8s6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kegham", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hawatian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Emakhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thayer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arqam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Husain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hashem", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nassereddine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Corewell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Munir", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sidani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bernard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cook", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University, Department of Pathology, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Howard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Klausner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCord", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Satheesh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gunaga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Seth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krupp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-28T05:23:21.413000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-07T23:37:05.899000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-14T21:21:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/48347/galley/50352/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50754, "title": "Impact of Bystander Naloxone on Emergency Medical Transport Refusal After Opioid Overdose: A Statewide Retrospective Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The opioid epidemic remains a public health crisis in the United States. Naloxone is a cornerstone of overdose reversal, and its increasing availability to bystanders has improved immediate survival. However, little is known about how bystander naloxone administration influences use of emergency medical services (EMS), particularly patient refusal of transport. Understanding these dynamics is critical for development of EMS protocol and harm reduction strategies. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a retrospective cohort study of suspected opioid overdoses reported to the Connecticut Statewide Opioid Reporting Directive (SWORD) between November 1, 2019–June 30, 2024. The primary outcome was EMS transport refusal, defined as non-transport after naloxone administration. The primary exposure was initial naloxone administrator (bystander vs first responder). Secondary variables included naloxone dose frequency, patient demographics, and time. Bivariate tests compared group differences. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between bystander naloxone and refusal, adjusting for covariates. To evaluate temporal trends, we performed separate logistic regression models with calendar quarter (Q) modeled as a continuous variable (Q1 2020–Q2 2024). </p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 15,025 nonfatal suspected overdoses involving naloxone in Connecticut, bystanders were initial administrators in 18%. Transport refusal occurred more often after bystander administration compared to first responder administration (16.1% vs 6.2%). In adjusted analyses, bystander administration was associated with nearly threefold higher odds of refusal (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.90; 95% CI, 2.53-3.31). Multiple-dose incidents were associated with decreased refusal (aOR 0.83; 0.72-0.93). During the study period, bystander administration increased from 15% in Q4 2019 to 24% in Q2 2024, corresponding to a 3.8% increase in odds per quarter (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.03-1.05, P < .001). Refusal more than doubled from 4% to 12%, with odds increasing 4.5% per quarter (OR 1.05; 1.04-1.06, P < .001). </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bystander-administered naloxone is increasingly common and strongly associated with higher odds of EMS transport refusal. While refusal does not always equate to unsafe outcomes, it represents missed opportunities for initiation of medications for opioid use disorder, harm reduction counseling, and linkage to care. Emergency medical services agencies should consider strategies such as leave-behind naloxone, peer recovery coach deployment, and EMS-initiated buprenorphine to capitalize on these encounters.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "naloxone" }, { "word": "Lay Rescuer" }, { "word": "opioid overdose" }, { "word": "Transport refusal" }, { "word": "Harm reduction" }, { "word": "emergency medical services" } ], "section": "Behavioral Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dx466v8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniella", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Carnevale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Canning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut, John Dempsey Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Regina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kostyun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut, John Dempsey Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kamin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut, John Dempsey Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-05T05:31:36.220000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-10T03:40:00.518000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-14T20:56:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50754/galley/50349/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50847, "title": "Prospective Assessment of Depression and Anxiety Trajectories Among Emergency Department Patients with Somatic Complaints", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Emergency department (ED) patients exhibit higher rates of depression than those in primary care and the general population, but it is unclear whether these symptoms reflect chronic conditions or transient responses to acute stress. Our objective in this study was to evaluate the longitudinal trajectory of depression and anxiety identified in the ED to inform evidence-based screening and intervention strategies.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Adult, English-speaking ED patients with adequate literacy who presented to two urban academic EDs with somatic (non-psychiatric) chief complaints completed six mental health screening assessments at enrollment. Of 262 approached patients, 188 were enrolled, representing approximately 0.5% of all adult ED visits (188/37,898) during the study period. Follow-up assessments were completed through a secure phone app at one, two, and four weeks after ED discharge. The primary outcome was the longitudinal stability of depression and anxiety symptoms. The secondary outcome was differences in follow-up completion rates by baseline mental health status.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 188 patients with baseline assessments, 44 (23%) screened positive for major depressive disorder, 17 (9%) for moderate/severe depression, and 34 (18%) for moderate/severe anxiety at baseline. Overall, 50 patients (27%) screened positive for at least one of these conditions. Follow-up responses at weeks 1 (n = 42, 22%), 2 (n = 41, 22%), and 4 (n = 27, 14%) showed no significant changes in levels of depression as measured by the Computerized Adaptive Test-Depression Inventory or severity of anxiety as per the Computerized Adaptive Test for Anxiety severity. High intraclass correlation coefficients (0.76-0.84) for all measures indicated inter-individual differences accounted for most variance. Stability of the Computerized Adaptive Diagnostic Test for Major Depressive Disorder ranged from moderate to substantial (Cohen kappa: 0.74 at week 1 to 0.46 at week 4). Patients who were positive for major depressive disorder had significantly higher follow-up completion rates at weeks 2 and 4 (P = .04).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High baseline rates of depression and anxiety highlight the substantial mental health burden in ED patients. Among those who completed follow-up assessments, severity scores remained stable, suggesting these symptoms reflect ongoing conditions rather than transient stress. Future work should improve follow-up responses and assess whether ED-based identification and treatment improve outcomes.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Depression" }, { "word": "anxiety" }, { "word": "psychiatric screening" }, { "word": "emergency department" } ], "section": "Behavioral Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pw0z82t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mona", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Moukaddem", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago, Section of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mohammed", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Lone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago, Section of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jorge", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Alarcon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Naman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Satsangi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Gibbons", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Musey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Beiser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago, Section of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-10T02:28:38.867000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-04T04:20:28.921000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-14T20:40:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50847/galley/50348/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65652, "title": "An Anthology of Urban Habits ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>How do bodies and cities shape each other through habit? An Anthology of Urban Habits -- a special issue of <em>Streetnotes</em> edited by Jorge de La Barre, Blagovesta Momchedjikova, and Jo Novelli-Blasko -- attempts to investigate that by showcasing 133 repeated activities and behaviors occurring in cities around the world: Antofagasta, Athens, Lisbon, London, New York City, Phoenix, Rio de Janeiro, Sofia, Tbilisi, and Tokyo. Organized alphabetically and contributed by 91 authors, the urban habits appear in ethnographic studies, documentary practices, academic research, poetry, photography, and original artwork. The volume includes the original Call for Papers for An Anthology of Urban Habits (see <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5070/S5.65867\">Appendix A</a>), The Survey of Urban Habits (see <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5070/S5.65703\">Appendix B</a>), which was developed with The Habitorium, and the resulting Report on the Survey of Urban Habits (see <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5070/S5.65770\">Appendix C</a>). </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "habits" }, { "word": "urban studies" }, { "word": "ethnography" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0j78g51h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jorge", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "de La Barre", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidade Federal Fluminense", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Blagovesta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Momchedjikova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Novelli-Blasko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-14T02:31:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/65652/galley/50312/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65703, "title": "Appendix B: Survey of Urban Habits", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This survey, developed by Jo Novelli-Blasko at The Habitorium, in collaboration with Blagovesta Momchedjikova and Jorge de La Barre, records urban habits. It was used to gather contributions to An Anthology of Urban Habits. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Back Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6gq900fk", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2026-05-13T23:46:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/streetnotes/article/65703/galley/50311/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61704, "title": "Emergency Department Boarding for Psychiatric Hospitalization in Older Adults: Placement Challenges and Associated Risks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Older adults are increasingly presenting to emergency departments (ED) with psychiatric emergencies amid limited inpatient psychiatric capacity, resulting in prolonged ED boarding. Our primary objective was to quantify ED boarding duration for older adults awaiting psychiatric hospitalization in community EDs. We examined whether longer boarding was associated with functional decline and physical restraint.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a retrospective cohort study of ED encounters among adults ≥ 65 years of age who received a behavioral health evaluation by emergency services program (ESP) clinicians (non-prescriptive behavioral health professionals) who determined psychiatric level of care in two community EDs. The study period was from January 2023–June 2024. The primary outcome was boarding duration. We measured boarding duration from initiation of a psychiatric bed search to ED departure or psychiatric clearance. Secondary outcomes were functional decline (new loss of physical function that impaired activities of daily living, identified from serial nursing documentation during the ED stay) and physical restraint episodes. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 334 behavioral health encounters (mean age 76 years ± 7.4 years), 180/334 (53.9%) boarded ≥ 24 hours. The median boarding duration for psychiatric hospitalization was 44 hours (interquartile range 24-70). Functional decline occurred in 42/334 (12.6%) and restraint episodes in 27/334 (8.1%), with both events occurring only among encounters boarding ≥ 24 hours. Patients with neurocognitive disorders (157/334, 47.0%) had higher rates of functional decline (difference 17.1%, 95% CI, 7.3-26.4; P < .001) and restraint episodes (difference 11.2%, 3.0-19.1; P < .001) compared to patients without neurocognitive disorders.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this community ED cohort, older adults awaiting psychiatric hospitalization frequently experienced prolonged boarding, associated with higher rates of functional decline and physical restraint. Limitations include the retrospective design and reliance on nursing documentation to identify functional decline, with wide confidence intervals due to small event counts, limiting causal inference.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Department Boarding" }, { "word": "geriatric psychiatry" }, { "word": "Geriatric Medicine" }, { "word": "community emergency departments" }, { "word": "psychiatric boarding" } ], "section": "Behavioral Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jn5470c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Victoria", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Schulte", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guasch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Landerholm", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Plymouth Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Plymouth, Massachusetts", "department": "Psychiatry" }, { "first_name": "Danilo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rojas-Velasquez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-12-18T22:44:21.343000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-09T00:43:07.497000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T23:11:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/61704/galley/50347/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50814, "title": "Beyond the Numbers: How Clinical Performance Metrics Impact Emergency Medicine Residents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Emergency physicians commonly receive feedback in the form of performance metrics such as patients seen per hour. Reviewing metrics has been associated with increased stress and burnout. Although effects on efficiency have been examined, studies have not yet investigated the potential psychological and motivational impacts of providing performance metrics to residents during training. In this study we explore residents’ interest in receiving performance metrics during training and how receiving performance metrics might affect their 1) perceived pressure and motivation to change performance, 2) perspectives on the importance and actionability of metrics, 3) perceived readiness to receive metrics after graduation, and 4) possible effects on their postgraduate career plans. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>Senior emergency medicine residents at a single, quaternary-care training center completed an anonymous pre-metric survey using a 5-point Likert scale of agreement (1 = strongly agree, 5 = strongly disagree) on the psychological and motivational impacts of receiving performance metrics. All senior residents, regardless of survey completions, were then given the option to view their personal performance metrics in comparison to deidentified metrics for the senior classes. Residents who viewed their metrics were offered the opportunity to complete the post-metric survey, which was identical to the pre-metric survey. Resident interest in viewing their metrics was recorded, and we compared survey responses using unpaired t-tests. </p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>All 26 residents (100%) chose to view their metrics, 25 (96%) completed the pre-metrics survey and 17 (73%) completed the post-metrics survey. After receiving performance metrics, residents reported feeling less pressure to change their performance (pre-metrics mean 2.32 [standard deviation 0.80]), post-metrics mean 3.05 [0.71], P < .01), and they reported feeling more prepared to receive metrics after graduation (pre-metrics mean 2.32 [0.95], post-metrics mean 1.68 [0.58], P = .01]. There was no significant change in residents’ responses to questions about metrics perceptions, motivation, or interest in administrative leadership after graduation. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This single-site, academic study indicated that senior residents are interested in seeing their personalized and deidentified group performance metrics and that viewing these metrics increases their sense of preparedness for graduation without necessarily affecting the pressure or motivation they felt during training.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Feedback" }, { "word": "Post-Graduate Education" }, { "word": "Performance Metrics" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/33r8z8hk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Catherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pirotte", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kaitlin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ray", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sikon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kendra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parekh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-01T20:29:36.369000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-12-04T04:28:43.772000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T22:52:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50814/galley/50345/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53819, "title": "Operationalizing Competency-based Medical Education Within Clinical Competency Committees", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This scholarly perspective explores the integration of competency-based medical education (CBME) within graduate medical education assessment systems, specifically the clinical competency committee (CCC). We discuss the role of the CCC in operationalizing the core components of CBME, providing guidance on best practices-related meeting structure, assessment data, and learner outcomes. By analyzing the evolving responsibilities of faculty assessors and the impact on learner progression toward unsupervised practice, this perspective highlights challenges and strategies for successful implementation of CBME principles in medical education, including an outline to use when discussing each trainee in CCC meetings.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Competency Based Medical Education" }, { "word": "Clinical Competency Committee" }, { "word": "Assessment" }, { "word": "Graduate Medical Education" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c39t7z5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Golden", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine and Medical Education, Cleveland, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dimeo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Caroline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Molins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Alabama, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mobile, Alabama", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kukulski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kaitlin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ray", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schnapp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hopson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-11-01T20:31:00.620000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-11-28T18:21:28.903000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T22:42:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53819/galley/50344/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50635, "title": "The Neural Basis of Nonverbal Communication: How the Brain Processes Body Language Cues", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This theoretical and integrative neuroscience review examines the neural mechanisms underlying nonverbal communication, focusing on how the human brain processes body language cues, including posture, gestures, and facial expressions. Drawing from recent advancements in affective neuroscience, social cognition, and neuroimaging research, the article synthesizes findings across multiple disciplines to explain the functional roles of key brain structures, including the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, superior temporal sulcus, and mirror neuron systems, in decoding nonverbal signals. The review highlights how these structures collaborate to interpret social and emotional meaning embedded in nonverbal behavior, with implications for understanding social disorders and improving interpersonal communication. Particular emphasis is placed on studies from the past 10 years to ensure contemporary relevance. This review also addresses theoretical frameworks such as Embodied Simulation Theory to contextualize empirical findings within broader models of brain evolution and communication. By integrating cognitive, affective, and evolutionary perspectives, this paper aims to clarify the neural architecture that supports nonverbal social interaction. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "nonverbal communication" }, { "word": "body language" }, { "word": "Mirror Neurons" }, { "word": "neuroscience" }, { "word": "social cognition" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tq087n2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tetyana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Didenko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-08-12T22:30:29.057000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-03-11T00:45:03.604453+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T22:33:00+05:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Didenko_Proof", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/50635/galley/49862/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Didenko_Proof", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/50635/galley/49862/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50629, "title": "Relationship of Clinical Encounters to End-of-rotation Exam Scores for Fourth-year Students in Emergency Medicine", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Background:</strong> Emergency medicine (EM) clerkship directors view end-of-rotation exam scores as one of the most important components in the assessment of medical student performance. Understanding factors that may impact end-of-rotation exam scores is important because strong performance during fourth-year EM clerkships is crucial for matching in EM residency. One factor that may affect exam scores is increased experience through clinical encounters. Our objective in this study was to assess the relationship between the number of clinical encounters and end-of- rotation exam scores. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a single-site, retrospective study involving fourth-year medical students who completed a four-week EM elective between 2021–2024. We obtained exam scores and student home/away rotation status from clerkship evaluation records. The number of clinical encounters was extracted from electronic health records (EHR) via two exposure measurement methods: 1) signed notes only; and (2) signed notes or assignment to the care team on electronic EHR. We used a multivariable linear regression model to assess the impact of clinical encounters and home/away rotation status.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We included 108 students in this analysis. The linear regression coefficient for each clinical encounter was 0.134 (P = .02) and 0.089 (P = .09) for the two exposure measurements, respectively. Away rotation status, when controlled for the number of patients seen, demonstrated a coefficient of 2.627 (P = .06) and 2.464 (P = .08).<br><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The number of clinical encounters and home/away status had minimal to no impact on end-of-rotation exam scores.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kk0k7cw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Jin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Corlin", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Jewell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Hekman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Schnapp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-08-12T01:23:14.121000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-28T07:14:30.669000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T22:24:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/50629/galley/50343/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52907, "title": "Evidence-based Medicine Questions Logged by Emergency Medicine Residents On Shift in Relation to American Board of Emergency Medicine Content Areas", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Evidence-based medicine (EBM) skills are fundamental to lifelong learning. These can be tracked the same way that procedural skills are tracked—via residency program logs. Review of the logs can inform faculty on the EBM activity of their trainees. An understanding of the topics residents query while on shift can provide insight into where they need further knowledge to provide optimal patient care. Our objective in this project was to categorize the relationship of the clinical questions posed by emergency medicine (EM) residents while working in the emergency department to the American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) Model of Clinical Practice. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted this institutional review board-approved study (deemed exempt research) in a postgraduate year (PGY) 1-4 EM residency. A toxicology rotation and fellowship were established during the study period. Residents were required to submit three to five descriptions of EBM activity per 28-day EM rotation block into the program’s management software. We analyzed each complete log submitted from June 2013–May 2020 using the 2019 ABEM Model of Clinical Practice. The clinical questions posed were mapped to the ABEM Model for content, including sub-categories and acuity level. Demographic information in the logs allowed for analysis for ABEM’s pediatric and geriatric modifiers. The primary outcome measure was the number of clinical questions mapped to each section of the Model.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> From June 2013–May 2020, 10,444 discrete completed logs were completed by 137 residents. “Procedures and Skills” (n = 1,110, 10.63%) and “Cardiovascular Disorders” (n = 991, 9.49%) were the most prevalent ABEM content areas. “Trauma” (n = 812, 7.77%) and “Drugs and Chemical Classes” (n = 749, 7.17%) were the most prevalent ABEM sub-categories. “Emergent” (n = 7,770, 74.3%) was the most commonly searched ABEM acuity, followed by “lower acuity” (n = 5,341, 51.1%) and “critical” (n = 5,192, 49.7%). Of note, not all conditions have ABEM acuity codes, and some have multiple. Clinical questions addressed issues regarding pediatric patients in 10.16% (n = 1,061) and geriatric patients in 8.05% (n = 841) of logs.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this single-site cohort, “Procedures and Skills” was the most common source of on-shift questions for EM residents, perhaps representing just-in-time training. “Trauma” was the most common sub-category, potentially the result of a large footprint in the ABEM Model of Clinical Practice. The residency program’s toxicology rotation and fellowship may have influenced the types of conditions treated by residents and the subsequent content of their logs. Furthermore, completing logs on shift may have impacted the mapping to ABEM acuity levels. Programmatic understanding of residents’ on-shift, evidence-based medicine questions could serve to identify educational gaps and opportunities.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "practice based learning" }, { "word": "Evidence based medicine" }, { "word": "Graduate Medical Education" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0f01v0kd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shreyas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kudrimoti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Needham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Albers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Campus, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Campus, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Estelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cervantes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Campus, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phillip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sgobba", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Campus, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ajay", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Varadhan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Campus, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dawn", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Yenser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Kane", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, Allentown, Pennsylvania; University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Campus, Allentown, Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-19T21:32:38.531000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-01-07T23:50:21.652000+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T21:47:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/52907/galley/50341/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53045, "title": "Mechanisms and Intervention Strategies for Heat Stroke-Associated Myocardial Dysfunction: A Narrative Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition defined by a core body temperature exceeding 40° C and central nervous system dysfunction. Its onset is potentiated by high heat and humidity, especially if superimposed upon high thermal loads due to exertion or to impaired ability to sweat as associated with the use of certain medications. The condition can trigger systemic inflammation and potentially fatal multi-organ failure. The heart is a primary organ affected; heatstroke-associated myocardial dysfunction may present as tachycardia, arrhythmias, heart failure, or ischemic injury.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review was informed by a structured search of PubMed and Embase. The search focused on literature from the past 10 years, supplemented by earlier seminal studies where necessary. Key search terms included heatstroke, myocardial injury, dysfunction, biomarkers, cooling strategies, monitoring, and circulatory support. We prioritized human clinical studies, reviews, and consensus statements on acute management, along with preclinical studies.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Heatstroke-associated myocardial dysfunction has a multifactorial pathophysiology involving direct thermal cytotoxicity, systemic inflammation, endothelial injury, coagulopathy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated cell death. Cardiac manifestations include myocardial injury, arrhythmia, and ventricular dysfunction. Early diagnosis requires an electrocardiogram, cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiography. Management is centered on rapid cooling, hemodynamic support, and close monitoring. Refractory cases may require invasive temperature control or mechanical circulatory support.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Heatstroke-associated myocardial dysfunction is a clinically important and potentially reversible complication. Timely cooling, vigilant cardiovascular assessment, and supportive management remain central to care, while targeted therapies and refined risk-stratification strategies require further clinical investigation.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Heatstroke; Myocardial dysfunction; Arrhythmias; Endothelial dysfunction; Biomarkers; Critical Care." } ], "section": "Climate Change", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/355426jq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhuang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiao-huan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhuang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xin-yuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Da-Cheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-05T12:46:59.996000+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-02-06T02:46:02.644748+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T21:05:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53045/galley/50415/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53045/galley/50416/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65665, "title": "Accountability for ICE Officials: An Analysis of Existing and Proposed Civil Causes of Action Under Federal Law", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>As the size and scope of immigration enforcement operations grow across the country, so does the risk of official misconduct. This article examines the legal remedies an individual can pursue to obtain relief for damages caused by officials of the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency. While there were once viable pathways for pursuing claims, recent Supreme Court decisions have made it considerably more difficult. This is demonstrated by the narrowing of Bivens actions, specifically regarding the conduct of immigration enforcement officers. Alternative remedies, such as the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), are similarly restrictive in their scope of coverage and the relief they can secure. The current system leaves individuals who experienced serious harm at the hands of ICE officials without recourse. Members of Congress have proposed legislative solutions creating new causes of action against federal officials by expanding Section 1983 of Title 42. However, these proposals are unlikely to succeed due to concerns over their national security implications and failure to address the deficiencies of Section 1983 itself. This article proposes a narrow and targeted solution ensuring accountability for ICE officers while protecting national security. The proposal creates a new cause of action against ICE officials for violating rights protected by the Constitution and federal law. The proposal also amends the FTCA, making it safer to sue under by reforming the “judgment as bar” provision and allowing for the award of punitive damages to plaintiffs.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ICE" }, { "word": "immigration" }, { "word": "immigration enforcement" }, { "word": "damages" }, { "word": "United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement" }, { "word": "Bivens actions" }, { "word": "Federal Torts Claims Act" }, { "word": "cause of action" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nk7f35c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aidan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Metcalfe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T07:03:01.043325+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:46:28.752355+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65665/galley/50320/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65659, "title": "Balancing Innovation and Transparency: How Financial Institutions are Regulating AI", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Trust in financial institutions is essential to maintain because it forms the foundation of economic stability. Customers must be confident that their money and personal data are secure through transparency and disclosure of information to the customer about the system’s processes. Laws like the Securities Act impose consequences for misleading investors about a company’s inner workings or capabilities. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) ensures financial institutions inform customers of data collection and sharing practices, along with maintaining rigorous security measures. However, with the introduction of generative artificial intelligence models (GenAI) into financial services, risks for misuse and insufficient protection have increased. GenAI models and their decision-making processes are difficult to regulate under current disclosure requirements. To combat this, states have passed laws to minimize the risk of algorithmic discrimination and promote transparency. However, these measures are inconsistent, and while a federal AI privacy law is unlikely to pass, the industry can still streamline regulatory and compliance efforts by adopting common definitions of relevant terminology and expanding existing legislation to improve digital consumer data protections.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act" }, { "word": "GLBA" }, { "word": "artificial intelligence models" }, { "word": "GenAI" }, { "word": "financial risks" }, { "word": "algorithmic discrimination" }, { "word": "consumer protections" }, { "word": "banking" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b263827", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Audrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thompson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T04:44:09.775764+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T07:08:53.961025+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65659/galley/50324/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65672, "title": "Custody, Finality, and the Constitution: Re-examining <em>Bergeron v. Bergeron</em> Through the Lens of Parental Liberty", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Family law procedures in the United States are constitutionally mandated to balance state interests with the private interests of families. The Louisiana family court system serves as an example of this balancing effort, where <em>Bergeron v. Bergeron</em> (1986) creates the standards controlling the state’s rules for child custody modification. <em>Bergeron</em> sets a high evidentiary threshold that must be met before a family court will reconsider an existing custody decree, reflecting the state’s interest in stability. Questions about the decision’s constitutionality have arisen, but the framework in <em>Bergeron</em> has been continually reaffirmed since its establishment by the Louisiana Supreme Court in 1986. This article analyzes the major doctrinal inconsistencies and Fourteenth Amendment due process concerns arising from the Bergeron standard, arguing that the Louisiana custody modification framework risks creating procedural due process barriers and conflicts with prior Supreme Court decisions regarding parental rights. It will also propose a recalibrated approach to custody modification proceedings that preserves state interests while upholding fundamental parental rights and liberty interests.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "custody" }, { "word": "divorce" }, { "word": "constitution" }, { "word": "parental liberty" }, { "word": "Bergeron" }, { "word": "family law" }, { "word": "due process" }, { "word": "fourteenth amendment" }, { "word": "louisiana" }, { "word": "parental rights" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tx782sj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "Lynn", "last_name": "Pateno", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T10:44:30.348679+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:35:55.565503+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65672/galley/50317/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65657, "title": "Deceptive Debt Practices Undermining Transparency in the Corporate World: The Legal Issues Behind Special Purpose Vehicles and Collateralized Debt Obligations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>An issue that continues to afflict the securities field is the existence of special purpose vehicles (SPVs), which are financial entities disclosed in companies’ off-sheet balance reports to fund business operations and collateralize debt. Since their inception in the early 20th century, SPVs have proved to be one of the most widespread financial tools in the corporate world, allowing companies to display exaggerated revenue margins on their balance sheets while supposedly adhering to a standard of public transparency. This was coupled with the rise of Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) in the 21st century, another financial entity that pooled assets together to appease investors. Despite the functionality of SPVs, misusing these financial tools results in devastating costs, including company bankruptcy, mass layoffs, and deterioration of public trust. The Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 and the Dodd–Frank Act aimed to curb the power of internal corporate operations by establishing regulatory mechanisms to ensure consumer transparency and industry confidence. However, the regulations established within both acts exhibit gaps in the proper mitigation of abuse of SPVs by corporations, requiring further amendments to avoid detrimental consequences on the world economy and the general public.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "deceptive debt practice" }, { "word": "debt" }, { "word": "transparency" }, { "word": "financial transparency" }, { "word": "special purpose vehicle" }, { "word": "collateralized debt obligations" }, { "word": "SPVs" }, { "word": "Sarbanes-Oxley Act" }, { "word": "Dodd-Frank Act" }, { "word": "financial regulation" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mh8z40j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rylan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T04:23:23.792458+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T07:04:03.387327+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65657/galley/50323/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65668, "title": "Examining Structural Failures in Disability Accommodations at the University of California", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Legal standards for disability law emphasize equal access to reasonable accommodations. These accommodations are expected to be provided to students in a timely manner, especially in higher education. The experience of disabled students at the University of California (UC) schools demonstrates violations of state and federal law. Systemic barriers to accommodations prevent students from receiving the equal access to education that's legally granted to them. These barriers manifest in the form of staffing shortages and resource constraints, difficult documentation requirements, delayed accommodation processing, and failures in digital accessibility compliance, all of which violate Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, Title II of the ADA, and California Government Code Section 11135. Drawing on federal case law, past federal investigations into the UC, and active litigation against UC campuses, this paper argues that the UC system must adopt a system-wide Universal Design for Learning mandate, formalize specialist-to-student ratios, standardize documentation processes, and establish accountability mechanisms to fulfill its legal obligations to disabled students. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "disability" }, { "word": "students with disabilities" }, { "word": "UC system" }, { "word": "UC schools" }, { "word": "accommodations" }, { "word": "disability accommodations" }, { "word": "the Rehabilitation Act" }, { "word": "ADA" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7139q73j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tanya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pulla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T09:04:12.345443+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T07:13:39.284625+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65668/galley/50325/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65655, "title": "Expanding Intersectional Analysis: Protecting LGBTQ People of Color in State Employment Discrimination Law", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>LGBTQ people of color in the United States face disproportionately high rates of discrimination and harassment in employment as a population marginalized along the lines of race, sexual orientation, and/or gender identity. This article uses an intersectional lens to examine the use of state antidiscrimination law in protecting LGBTQ people of color. Discrimination protections across states are inconsistent and severely lacking in some jurisdictions. Several states do not prohibit sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination, and most do not recognize an adequate legal framework for analyzing discrimination on the basis of multiple traits. This article proposes statutory, administrative, and judicial solutions that states can adopt to allow LGBTQ plaintiffs of color to challenge discrimination on the basis of both race and sexual orientation/gender identity. Legislatures should amend antidiscrimination statutes to include sexual orientation and gender identity as protected classes, as well as explicitly state that employees can make claims on the basis of multiple protected characteristics. Executive antidiscrimination agencies should provide guidelines to courts on how to evaluate intersectional cases brought by LGBTQ people of color. Finally, state courts should adopt judicial precedents that embrace intersectional analysis and qualify sexual orientation and gender identity as protected categories under existing antidiscrimination statutes.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "LGBTQ" }, { "word": "Person of Color" }, { "word": "POC" }, { "word": "Intersectional" }, { "word": "Discrimination" }, { "word": "Employment Law" }, { "word": "Gender Identity" }, { "word": "Sexual Orientation" }, { "word": "Race" }, { "word": "Anti-discrimination" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hf6s042", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kassidy", "middle_name": "Elisabeth", "last_name": "Kelly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T04:23:25.588968+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:27:34.178780+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65655/galley/50315/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65653, "title": "Man with Machine: The Unaddressed Copyright Issues of Mixed Musical Works", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The copyrightability of mixed musical works, which contain a blend of human and generative AI elements, is an issue of increasing prevalence in copyright law. While there has been some discussion on the copyright status of fully generative AI works, this mainly resides in state law, and much of the federal policy found in Copyright Guides published by the United States Copyright Office is a non-binding opinion. Additionally, the same circuit courts contradict themselves, as seen with the differing views on the fair use of generative AI works in the Ninth Circuit Cases of <em>Bartz v. Anthropic PBC</em> (2024) and <em>Kadrey v. Meta</em> (2023). These issues combine to create a copyright “Dead Man’s Land” where the U.S. Copyright Office is forced to inspect mixed musical works on a case-by-case basis: an inefficient and ineffective mess for the modern day. This paper proposes that Congress pass legislation further itemizing the components of mixed musical works and only allowing generative AI to be used in one such component, alongside integrating state legislation. This policy would allow the U.S. Copyright Office to evaluate all mixed musical works under a unified framework. With the increase of artists creating mixed musical works, this solution only becomes more necessary as time progresses.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "copyright" }, { "word": "generative AI" }, { "word": "federal law" }, { "word": "intellectual property law" }, { "word": "copyright law" }, { "word": "music" }, { "word": "musical works" }, { "word": "state law" }, { "word": "fair use" }, { "word": "sampling" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8m1095tp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sam", "middle_name": "Nariman", "last_name": "Daftary", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T02:42:34.596449+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:29:59.564100+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65653/galley/50316/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65676, "title": "Spousal Support and Post-Divorce Household Economic Transition: A Comparative Analysis of California and the United Arab Emirates", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This paper conducts a comparative analysis of California and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), focusing on the economic consequences of divorce for<br>individual spouses. Both countries impose financial obligations in cases of significant financial imbalance between spouses. However, these obligations are based on different legal philosophies and beliefs surrounding marriage. California’s secular statutory law views marriage as an economic partnership, focusing on rehabilitative spousal support. The Sharia-based system governing Muslim families in the UAE prioritizes financial protection during marriage through structures such as Nafaqah and Mahr. However, the Sharia systems are not designed to address long-term post-divorce economic reintegration in contemporary labor markets, producing economic dependencies for wives specializing in unpaid domestic work. As a result, post-divorce financial assistance in the UAE terminates after a fixed period, producing a “cliff effect” as financial support ends abruptly. While California’s spousal support leads to broad judicial discretion in determining the amount and duration of maintenance under Family Code Sections 4320 and 4330, the UAE’s current system does not address long-term economic rehabilitation for women. Drawing inspiration from California’s rehabilitative model, this paper argues that the UAE should adopt a time-bound, criteria-based system of post-divorce support to address economic vulnerability.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "UAE" }, { "word": "Divorce" }, { "word": "United Arab Emirates" }, { "word": "Sharia Law" }, { "word": "California" }, { "word": "Spousal Support" }, { "word": "Nafaqah" }, { "word": "Mahr" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3368d1r5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Selena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hussain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T12:21:14.815004+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:16:19.546602+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65676/galley/50318/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65688, "title": "Table of Contents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Volume IV of the Undergraduate Law Review at UC San Diego</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48b1z1cd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Undergraduate Law Review", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "at UC San Diego", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-13T07:19:55.267628+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T07:20:38.879479+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65688/galley/50314/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65663, "title": "The Failure to Recognize Climate Refugees: Domestic Law vs. International Reality ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Climate change drives human displacement, yet international and domestic refugee law fail to recognize environmentally-led migration. Under the Refugee Act of 1980, United States (U.S.) law limits persecution to five statutory grounds, excluding climate-induced harm. The absence of legal eligibility under existing frameworks results in a protection gap, leaving displaced individuals without access to refugee status despite threats from environmental degradation. The United Nations has examined this disconnect between international reality and domestic action in cases such as <em>Teitiota v. New Zealand</em> (2020), where asylum was denied on the grounds of sea-level rise and saltwater contamination being a threat to life. This highlights the narrow interpretation of “persecution” and its failure to account for modern forms of forced migration. A recent U.S. Appellate Court decision in <em>Cruz Galicia v. Garland</em> (2024) reinforced the exclusion of climate-refugee claims from U.S. refugee frameworks. Evaluating the shortcomings of the Refugee Act of 1980 emphasizes how outdated U.S. refugee laws are concerning modern displacement factors. This paper proposes an amendment to the Refugee Act of 1980, expanding “persecution” to include climate change and environmental harm, and establishing a flexible annual refugee ceiling that allocates a percentage of admissions for climate refugees. By modernizing refugee law, the U.S. ensures protection for vulnerable populations and influences the evolution of global refugee norms. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Teitiota v. New Zealand" }, { "word": "Cruz Galicia v. Garland" }, { "word": "human displacement" }, { "word": "climate change" }, { "word": "climate refugees" }, { "word": "Refugee Act of 1980" }, { "word": "UN" }, { "word": "ICJ" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2h51z7tj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lopez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T06:14:48.347647+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:54:58.452589+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65663/galley/50321/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65675, "title": "To Desegregate or to Integrate: Colorblind Imaginings of Education Amidst the Digital Divide", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Education has historically served as a legal avenue for the construction of racial meaning, witnessed through the landmark case <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em>. Though <em>Brown </em>is primarily known for outlawing racial segregation, its impact in foundationalizing racial colorblindness—particularly through subsequent distinctions between desegregation and integration due to the case’s ambiguous verbiage—is often ignored. This article analyzes <em>Brown’s </em>racial footprint on the education system by examining the digital divide. An exploration of the case <em>Cayla J. v. State of California,</em> in conjunction with the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the Digital Equity Act, illuminates the reproduction of racialization stemming from post-<em>Brown</em> debates between colorblind desegregation and race-conscious integration. Given the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), preventative measures emphasizing race-conscious integration must be implemented to narrow the racialized digital divide. This article reviews prospective legislation regarding AI literacy as a case study of the modern digital divide, identifying its shortcomings and offering suggestions for future race-conscious education policy that embraces integration perspectives.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "desegregation" }, { "word": "artificial intelligence" }, { "word": "AI" }, { "word": "education" }, { "word": "Brown v. Board" }, { "word": "segregation" }, { "word": "racial colorblindness" }, { "word": "digital divide" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3429x92s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2026-05-12T11:37:12.812319+05:00", "date_accepted": "2026-05-13T06:40:34.166807+05:00", "date_published": "2026-05-13T20:00:00+05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucsdulr/article/65675/galley/50319/download/" } ] } ] }