Article List
API Endpoint for journals.
GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=13700
{ "count": 39500, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=13800", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=13600", "results": [ { "pk": 44807, "title": "A Case of Rhabdomyolysis Resulting in Multiorgan Dysfunction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tm2k9vm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arguirre", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-16T01:34:04+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44807/galley/33600/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 44806, "title": "Sarcoidosis in Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome – Culprit or Disguise? Two Cases and a Literature Review of EBUS-TBNA/Forceps Biopsy of Lymph Nodes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Review" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88b4g62v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "He", "name_suffix": "MD, PhD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oh", "name_suffix": "DO", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Corinne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sheth", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Irawan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Susanto", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-16T01:31:29+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44806/galley/33599/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 44805, "title": "Fatal Case of Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Case Report and Review of Literature", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01n1n16b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yi-Kong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Keung", "name_suffix": "MD, FACP", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-16T01:28:27+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44805/galley/33598/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 44804, "title": "A False Positive Scl-70 Lead to a Diagnosis of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0dg8241j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Aronin", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Ki Wan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Park", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-16T01:26:14+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44804/galley/33597/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 44803, "title": "Psoriasis – What’s Next?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mm8x3rn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Olga", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Popel", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-16T01:23:45+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/44803/galley/33596/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 2220, "title": "Community Service-Learning Translations in a Legal Spanish Course", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "There is growing interest in including service-learning courses in higher education, and abundant literature exists on this subject. Less researched is binomial service learning, specifically related to civic learning and legal translation. Studies on the goals of combining foreign language instruction with civic participation in the Hispanic community through translation have revealed very positive outcomes. This paper presents two different community-related translation activities in a Spanish course for specific purposes (specifically, Legal Spanish), and the corresponding students’ reflections. One is related to El Salvador and to asylum and refugee claims in the US, while the other is linked to a Health Center in Trenton, NJ. The conclusion summarizes the results and evaluates their significance in the context of community-learning service and their success in bringing students closer to a reality that is far beyond their context, while critically thinking about justice-related issues.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Legal Spanish, Translation, Community Service Learning, Justice, Social Issues, Asylum" } ], "section": "Teachers' Forum", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9274m8xt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alsina Naudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2018-12-10T09:17:07+09:30", "date_accepted": "2018-12-10T09:17:07+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-15T03:35:22+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2220/galley/1421/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 13188, "title": "Tricuspid Annular Plane of Systolic Excursion for the Evaluation of Patients with Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nSepsis is a systemic infection that can rapidly progress into multi organ failure and shock if left untreated. Previous studies have demonstrated the utility of point of care ultrasound (POCUS) in the evaluation of patients with sepsis. However, limited data exists on the evaluation of the tricuspid annular plane of systolic excursion (TAPSE) in patients with sepsis.\nMethods:\n We prospectively enrolled patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with concern for severe sepsis or septic shock in a pilot study. In patients that screened positive, the treating physician then performed POCUS to measure the TAPSE value. We compared the intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate, hospital length of stay, and morbidity with their respective TAPSE values.\nResults:\n We enrolled 24 patients in the study. Eight patients had TAPSE values less than 16 millimeters (mm), two patients had TAPSE values between 16mm-20mm, and fourteen patients had TAPSE values greater than 20mm. There was no statistically significant association between TAPSE levels and ICU admission (p=0.16), or death (p=0.14). The difference of length of stay (LOS) was not statistically significant in case of hospital LOS (p= 0.72) or ICU LOS.\nConclusion: \nOur pilot data did not demonstrate a correlation between severe sepsis or septic shock and TAPSE values. This may be due to several factors including patient comorbidities, strict definitions of sepsis and septic shock, as well as the absence of septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Future large-scale studies are needed to determine if TAPSE can be beneficial in the ED evaluation of patients with concern for SCM.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Point of care ultrasound, Sepsis, Septic Cardiomyopathy" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Care", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rw7258p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shadi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lahham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Clifton", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Qumber", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ali", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moeller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Chanel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fischetti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Maxwell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thompson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Alabama, Department of Emergency Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Soheil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saadat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Fox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine; Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-08-26T14:33:26+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-08-26T14:33:26+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-14T06:26:29+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/13188/galley/6933/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39519, "title": "Review: The Nature of Hope: Grassroots Organizing, Environmental Justice, and Political Change", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Book review", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Reviews", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3174h568", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Byron", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Retired/Northern Illinois University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-04-16T05:06:01+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-04-16T05:06:01+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-13T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/egj/article/39519/galley/29829/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63424, "title": "Too Much “On the Line”: My LAUSD Strike Experience", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6094z5qm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Grace", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCullough", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-14T06:58:48+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-14T06:58:48+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-13T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63424/galley/48861/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1855, "title": "A Modern Look at Freedman's Box Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper revisits the \nbox model\n, a metaphor developed by David Freedman to explain sampling distributions and statistical inference to introductory statistics students. The basic idea is to represent all random phenomena in terms of drawing tickets at random from a box. In this way, random sampling from a population can be described in the same way as everyday phenomena, like coin tossing and card dealing. For Freedman, box models were merely a thought experiment; calculations were still done using normal approximations. In this paper, we propose a more modern view that treats the box model as a practical simulation framework for conducting inference. We show how concepts in introductory statistics and probability classes can be motivated by simulating from a box model. To facilitate this simulation-based approach to teaching box models, we developed an online, open-source \"box model simulator\".", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "box models, sampling distribution, hypothesis test, statistics education, simulation, probability, binomial, hypergeometric, geometric, negative binomial" } ], "section": "Technology Innovations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0h38g1n8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dennis", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Sun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alfredo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-07-19T04:35:43+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-07-19T04:35:43+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-09T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/tise/article/1855/galley/1260/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 767, "title": "Hydronephrosis Due to Bilateral Tubo-ovarian Abscess", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A 27-year-old female presented to the emergency department with fevers, nausea, chills, and non-specific bilateral lower quadrant abdominal pain. A pregnancy test was negative. Computed tomography demonstrated moderate left hydronephrosis secondary to tubo-ovarian abscess. The abscess was so large it distorted local anatomy and compressed the ureters. She was prescribed meropenem and admitted for care by obstetrics/gynecology.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Images in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89m2r3v8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fite", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fitzgerald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Quinn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kistenfeger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-07T12:47:06+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-07T12:47:06+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-07T12:47:59+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/767/galley/522/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 758, "title": "Fitting a Square Peg in a Round Hole: A Simple Case of Chest Pain", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A 39-year-old female presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. Her electrocardiogram suggests ST-elevation myocardial infarction, but she has no atherosclerotic risk factors. She is gravida 4, para 4, and four weeks postpartum from uncomplicated vaginal delivery. She is diaphoretic and anxious, but otherwise her exam is unremarkable. Cardiac enzymes are markedly elevated and point-of-care echocardiogram shows inferolateral hypokinesis and ejection fraction of 50%. In this clinicopathological case, we explore a classically underappreciated cause of acute coronary syndrome in healthy young women.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Clinicopathological Cases", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wr7586d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "McLean", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. John’s Riverside Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonkers, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beck-Esmay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai St. Luke’s-Mt Sinai West, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-12-18T05:19:18+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-12-18T05:19:18+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-07T07:23:03+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/758/galley/513/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48167, "title": "Using the Arts to Develop a Pedagogy of Creativity, Innovation, and Risk-Taking (CIRT)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper considers the complex and somewhat nebulous term “creativity”, exploring the ways in which the pedagogical phenomenon we call “CIRT” (an acronym) can enrich classroom approaches so as to enhance Creativity, boost Innovation, and encourage Risk-Taking. In addition, we review elements that impact the creative process and explore concepts of freedom, as well as the constraints and parameters of creativity. In our role as teacher educators, we explore the connection between teaching and creativity by outlining three key examples of approaches that utilize the CIRT framework including: synesthesia, imagination, and audiation activities.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "teacher education, pedagogy, creativity, innovation, risk-taking" } ], "section": "Teaching and Learning through the Arts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1sh4d82m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "Louise", "last_name": "Cho", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nipissing University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "Luke", "last_name": "Vitale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nipissing University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2016-02-20T03:30:10+09:30", "date_accepted": "2016-02-20T03:30:10+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-05T05:22:54+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48167/galley/36291/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48215, "title": "Turning Theory into Practice: A Case Study in the Arts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Students who take art and music courses learn not only content, but also develop new ways of thinking, communicating, and evaluating. Ultimately, such classes teach students to hear and to see, to be comfortable with ambiguity, to examine issues from multiple perspectives, and to develop sound strategies for working through confusing and sometimes controversial issues. We argue that the ways of thinking presented in these courses can transfer to any discipline. This article presents a targeted case study of our experience tailoring a multi-disciplinary arts course specifically to nursing students. We outline the course construction, document our findings, assess our results, and argue for the benefits of visual and aural training.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ambiguity" }, { "word": "arts" }, { "word": "arts education" }, { "word": "Critical thinking" }, { "word": "Empathy" }, { "word": "Fine Arts" }, { "word": "listening skills" }, { "word": "Multiple Perspectives" }, { "word": "Nursing" } ], "section": "Medical Humanities", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6d33k80d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ilene", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Lieberman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Widener University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mara", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Parker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Widener University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2018-12-20T04:46:54+09:30", "date_accepted": "2018-12-20T04:46:54+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-05T05:18:43+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48215/galley/36315/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63354, "title": "Policies and People: A Review of Neoliberalism and Educational Technologies in P-12 Education Research", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Accountability regimes, value added, vouchers—it is difficult to ignore the evidence of market-based rationalities in global discourses around education. Such rationalities rely heavily on Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) for their propagation and maintenance under the guise of educational technologies, or ed-tech. The purpose of this literature review is to examine educational research focused on the role ICTs have played in the neoliberalization of education across the globe. The author contends that future inquiry needs to substantiate the broad claims about the pernicious effects of neoliberalized educational technologies by engaging more directly with those most affected: teachers and students.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "neoliberalism" }, { "word": "educational technology" }, { "word": "discourse" }, { "word": "review" }, { "word": "P-12" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/991770tc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "Bradley", "last_name": "Robinson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Georgia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2018-06-05T03:53:19+09:30", "date_accepted": "2018-06-05T03:53:19+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-05T02:05:16+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63354/galley/48831/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 761, "title": "Pericardial Tamponade After Systemic Alteplase in Stroke and Emergent Reversal With Tranexamic Acid", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Alteplase, or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), lyses clots by enhancing activation of plasminogen to plasmin. Conversely, tranexamic acid (TXA) functions by inhibiting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, which inhibits fibrinolysis. TXA has proven safe and effective in major bleeding with various etiologies. A 76-year-old male developed acute ischemic stroke symptoms. Systemic alteplase was administered and he showed clinical improvement. Shortly thereafter, the patient became hypotensive and lost pulses. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed cardiac tamponade. TXA was immediately given to inhibit fibrinolysis since cryoprecipitate and blood products were not immediately available. Pericardiocentesis was performed and successfully removed 200 milliliters of blood with return of pulses. Clinicians must consider TXA as a rapidly accessible antagonist of tPA’s fibrinolytic effects.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7zt8c7w3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cynthia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Romero", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shartar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Emory University Hospital, Office of Critical Event Preparedness and Response, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Carr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-12-18T06:55:11+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-12-18T06:55:11+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T19:06:55+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/761/galley/516/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63421, "title": "Building Power Through Racial Justice: Organizing the #BlackLivesMatterAtSchool Week of Action in K-12 and Beyond", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02c9d5zw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morrison", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "West Chester University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Porter-Webb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "West Chester University of Pennsylvania and Community College of Philadelphia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T04:27:56+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T04:27:56+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63421/galley/48858/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63415, "title": "Disrupting the Ideology of Settled Expectations: Forging New Social Movements to Dismantle the Educational Racial Contract", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper draws on the concepts of settled expectations and the educational racial contract to provide an analysis of the current social movements calling for the improvement of teacher salaries and work conditions in K-12 schools. This paper argues that some teacher unions’ lack of centering race in their advocacy to ameliorate educational inequities will not radically transform how teachers are treated in the profession, unless there is an increase in motivation to fully recognize the humanity and educational needs of Students of Color in American society. The author calls for teacher activists to reject the false consciousness of their own settled expectations and work on equal footing with Communities of Color to co-author an emancipatory educational contract on the basis of relational equity, respect, and sympathetic touch.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "teacher activism, sympathetic touch, teacher expectations, teacher union, whiteness" } ], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jb9z0dq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "D,", "last_name": "Liou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arizona State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:48:12+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:48:12+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63415/galley/48852/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63417, "title": "Editor's Introduction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Editors' Introduction", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1ds970zb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "The", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Editorial Board", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:59:15+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:59:15+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63417/galley/48854/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63414, "title": "Educators Striking for a Better World: The Significance of Social Movement and Solidarity Unionisms", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7zk5p5sw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dyke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oklahoma State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brendan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Muckian Bates", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bridge Street Middle School", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:44:58+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:44:58+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63414/galley/48851/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63413, "title": "Emergent Bilingual and Multilingual Learners in California: Californians Together Passing the Torch to the Next Generation of Advocates (1996 to Present)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3gs220s4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheuk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California Polytechnic State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:37:52+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:37:52+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63413/galley/48850/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63410, "title": "In North Carolina, Education Activists Face an Uphill Battle", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1835q59q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Justin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parmenter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wadell Language Academy", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:22:11+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:22:11+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63410/galley/48848/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63416, "title": "“People, Not Profits”: The Professional Organizations We Need", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This article uses a scrapbook design to narrate the authors’ experiences protesting the use of high-stakes performance assessments in teacher preparation programs by engaging in demonstrations during—and proposing policy at—the annual conventions of a large national teachers’ organization. These narrations are used to raise questions about how professional education organizations define advocacy at a time when neoliberal education reforms limit educators’ capacity to carry out our collective responsibilities to marginalized and vulnerable youth. The authors suggest that in the current political climate that has dehumanized youth, demoralized their teachers, and disempowered teacher educators, educators need professional organizations that explicitly name injustices associated with the reductive curricula and for-profit tests that are hindering local teachers’ and teacher educators’ responsiveness to learners and engagement with democratic processes. In response to these injustices, the authors argue that teachers’ professional organizations must do far more to work boldly both against the de-professionalization of educators and toward a re-professionalization of educators that centers rather than marginalizes advocacy and activism.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": ": professional organizations, teacher activism, educational advocacy" } ], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ss6n9qc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Noah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Golden", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Long Beach", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Deborah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bieler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Delaware", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:53:10+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:53:10+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63416/galley/48853/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63423, "title": "Seven Days that Shook Oakland and the One that Shook Us Up", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5734r9qd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Craig", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gordon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-08T09:29:09+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-08T09:29:09+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63423/galley/48860/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63419, "title": "SOLIDARITY FOREVER", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pw444w6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bonnie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lockhart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T04:06:57+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T04:06:57+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63419/galley/48856/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63409, "title": "Towards a Theory of Teacher Agency: Conceptualizing the Political Positions and Possibilities of Teacher Movements", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In response to a need for increased engagement given the #RedForEd movement, this article draws upon my experience as an organizer and participant in the recent wave of teacher activism to provide implications for theories of teacher agency and political transformation. First, I conceptualize the Arizona #RedForEd movement’s unique position beyond the state’s logics of political power, considering the possibilities that such a position created for teacher-activists in Arizona. I then confront the decreasing power of the movement in order to demonstrate the need for increased theorizations of the reflexive capacities of institutionalized power structures to sustain oppositional education social movements. I consider the recent history of the RedForEd movement with the hope of forwarding renewed considerations of political transformation, power, and teacher agency, which can inform movements that challenge the hegemonic limits placed upon social-justice-oriented movement work.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "social movements, political transformation, redfored, power, teacher agency" } ], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78p0099m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Noah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Karvelis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T02:14:52+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T02:14:52+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63409/galley/48847/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63418, "title": "Winning in Baltimore: The Story of How BMORE Put Racial Equity at the Center of Teacher Union Organizing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Call for Conversations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61t7s3cs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shiller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Towson University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "BMORE", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Caucus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baltimore Movement of Rank-And-File Educators", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T03:08:13+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T03:08:13+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-04T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63418/galley/48855/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 63420, "title": "The Future of Education: Black Life and Our Classrooms A Moderated Panel Discussion", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This piece is an abridged version of a panel discussion that was part of the symposium on Anti-Black State Violence Across the Americas: Power and Struggle in Brazil and the U.S., held at UC Berkeley on February 20–22, 2019, and organized by the LUTA Initiative, a coalition of scholars invested in facilitating international dialogue about racialized state violence across the Americas. The conversation featured Cherrish Cook and Muwazu Chisum-Misquitta (Berkeley High School Student Activists, United States) in conversation with Onirê Onã Walê Borges dos Santos and Andreia Beatriz Silva dos Santos (React or Die/Winnie Mandela Pan-Africanist School, Salvador da Bahia, Brazil). C. Darius Gordon moderated the panel (Editor, Berkeley Review of Education, Graduate School of Education, UC Berkeley). Alejandro Reyes performed transcription and translation for this article. For more information on the LUTA Initiative, the symposium, and a full video of this panel discussion with English and Portuguese subtitles, visit https://lutainitiative.wordpress.com/", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9s24s9tz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "C. Darius", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gordon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andreia Beatriz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Silva dos Santos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Onirê", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Onã Walê Borges dos Santos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Onã Walê Borges dos Santos, Onirê", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Muwazu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chism-Misquitta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cherrish", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cook", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-05T04:21:00+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-05T04:21:00+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/bre/article/63420/galley/48857/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 766, "title": "Administration of Nebulized Ketamine for Managing Acute Pain in the Emergency Department: A Case Series", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Ketamine administration in sub-dissociative doses in the emergency department (ED) results in effective pain relief in patients with acute traumatic and non-traumatic pain, chronic pain, and opioid-tolerant pain. This case series describes five adult ED patients who received nebulized ketamine for predominantly acute traumatic pain. Three patients received nebulized ketamine at 1.5 milligrams per kilogram (mg /kg) dose, one patient at 0.75 mg/kg, and one patient at 1 mg/kg. All five patients experienced a decrease in pain from the baseline up to 120 minutes. The inhalation route of ketamine delivery via breath-actuated nebulizer may have utility for managing pain in the ED.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Case Series", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22c5531j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jefferson", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Drapkin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Aidin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Masoudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mahlaqa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Butt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rukhsana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hossain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Antonios", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Likourezos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sergey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Motov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maimonides Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooklyn, New York", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-03T15:51:45+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-03T15:51:45+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T15:52:41+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/766/galley/521/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 765, "title": "Removal of an Impaled Intraocular Hair Comb Following Self-inflicted Trauma", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Ocular trauma is one of the most common and vision-threatening ophthalmic presentations with a wide spectrum of complications, such as bleeding, infection, vision loss, and enucleation. A 64-year-old-male presented to the emergency department (ED) with a self-inflicted orbital penetrating injury with a hair comb. Computed tomography showed the comb traversed the medial orbit inferior to the medial rectus but did not damage the optic nerve; there were no globe or orbital wall fractures. His ocular exam was significant for a right eye afferent pupillary defect and decreased visual acuity 20/800, consistent with optic neuropathy. Primary concerns were stabilizing and removing the foreign body without causing further damage in the setting of an uncooperative patient. The comb was removed with the aid of local and systemic analgesia using gentle traction and normal saline irrigation. The patient was admitted for systemic and topical antibiotics and showed improvement in visual acuity and resolution of his optic neuropathy. This case illustrates the importance of rapid ED assessment and management of complex penetrating ocular trauma. Examination should specifically look for signs of globe rupture and optic nerve injury. Expedited foreign body removal should be managed together with an ophthalmologist with procedural sedation and broad-spectrum antibiotics to avoid further visual and infectious complications.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Astonishing Cases and Images in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tp7z2dw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Markovitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wills Eye Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hamburger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Fromm", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brendan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Xiao", "middle_name": "Chi", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-03T15:18:35+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-03T15:18:35+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T15:28:37+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/765/galley/520/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 764, "title": "Renal Infarct After Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Consider in Back Pain Differential", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As hypertension, obesity, and hyperlipidemia become more widespread, the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) has also increased.1 Traditionally those with multiple comorbidities – also those with greatest AAA mortality – were considered too high risk for operative repair. In recent decades, however, endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become a popular option, especially for high-risk patients. Overall, short-term outcomes are comparable to traditional open repair despite higher patient baseline risk. However, EVAR comes with its own risks, which the emergency physician should be aware of. Here, we present a rare complication of EVAR: device thrombosis with subsequent renal infarct.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Images in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hq2q9gn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sophia", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Hood, Texas", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Anthony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hackett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Hood, Texas", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-01-03T14:59:47+09:30", "date_accepted": "2020-01-03T14:59:47+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T15:02:57+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/764/galley/519/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35019, "title": "Tibetan dining etiquette: A sociolinguistic analysis of a normative discourse text in Stau", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The primary objective of this article is to provide a transcription, glossing, and translation of a recent oral presentation called རྟའུ་ཐུབ་བསྟན་ཉི་མ་གི་ཟ་མ་ལུགས་སྐོར་ཞིབ་ཆ་དེ་དག་སྣང་བྱེད་ (henceforth ZML), which can be translated as “Stau Tub.bstan.nyi.ma's Detailed Commentary on Dining Etiquette,\" made over social media in the Stau language. ZML provides an example of the role of social media in language use among a language with relatively few speakers in the Sichuan Ethnic Corridor of China and provides data for studying the influence of Tibetic languages on Stau from the standpoint of loanwords. ZML is also a source of anthropological and sociolinguistic data; giving insight into a prescriptive approach to behavior, normative discourse, and identity formation. In addition, a preliminary representation of Stau using the Tibetan (Sambhota) script is given in this paper.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Stau, Tibetic languages, normative discourse, identity formation, loanwords" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c30408c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jesse", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gates", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "École des hautes études en sciences sociales - EHESS\nCentre de recherches linguistiques sur l'Asie orientale - CRLAO", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tub.bstan.nyi.ma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "ཐུབ་བསྟན་ཉི་མ་", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tshe.ring Rgyal.mtsan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "ཚེ་རིང་རྒྱལ་མཚན༏", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-02-14T11:08:29+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-02-14T11:08:29+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T00:32:24+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/35019/galley/26109/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35034, "title": "Extended ergativity in Bumthang", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper addresses ergativity in Bumthang. In 2016, Donohue & Donohue reported on the variable use of the ergative case marker in Bumthang transitive clauses. They identified a number of largely pragmatic, semantic, and informational structural contexts that license the use of the ergative case on the subjects. Given the nature of the factors involved we examined similar conditions for arguments of monovalent verbs, not a typical context for receiving ergative case if structural conditions were uniquely determining case, but which would likely also be sensitive to these same factors. We find that there are some contexts in which the sole argument of an monovalent verb can bear ergative case, drawing on some of the same features, but not identical to those relevant for transitive verbs. In particular, the notion of agentivity is of paramount importance for licensing ergative case arguments of monovalent verbs, and we discuss the set of factors that need to coincide for this to happen.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "ergativity, Tibeto-Burman, Bhutan, case, morphology, agentivity, Bumthang" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xs2x1vj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Donohue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cathryn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Donohue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Hong Kong", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-06-04T21:15:45+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-06-04T21:15:45+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T00:30:26+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/35034/galley/26118/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34986, "title": "Word formation in contemporary Liangmai: A morphological study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper attempts to discuss the different processes of word formation in contemporary Liangmai, a Tibeto-Burman (TB) language of the Kuki-Chin-Naga sub group (Bradley 1997). The language is spoken by around 50,000 speakers in the state of Manipur and Nagaland, in the northeastern part of India. This paper discusses a detailed description of the word formation processes that are relevant in Liangmai, namely affixation, compounding and reduplication. Like the other TB languages of the region, Liangmai is an agglutinative language in which almost all the syllable boundary corresponds to morpheme boundary. Most of the Liangmai words are monosyllabic. In the case of disyllabic/polysyllabic words, various morphemes which composed the word are easily segmentable.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Word formation, Liangmai, Tibeto-Burman, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Affixation, Compounding, Reduplication, Ideophone." } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60t3n2c4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kailadbou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Daimai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Delhi", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2017-04-08T16:10:02+09:30", "date_accepted": "2017-04-08T16:10:02+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T00:28:51+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/34986/galley/26089/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35031, "title": "Possessive indexes in Assamese", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper deals with a comprehensive description of a set of possessive indexes found in Assamese, a language spoken in the eastern part of India, by a majority of people living in the state of Assam. Genetically, this language belongs to the group of Indo-Aryan language family and shares a close affinity with Bengali and Oriya languages due to their common source of origin. The possessive indexes of the language are found to be suffixed to the possessed noun in possessive constructions (Possessive NPs)) in terms of the category of person. Cross-linguistically, it is not very uncommon to find this kind of markers in possessive NPs (Siewierska 2004). But what makes Assamese interesting in this respect is that the set of markers found in Assamese is not derived from pronominal forms as attested in many languages of the world. Furthermore, the existence of possessive markers is an unusual phenomenon in Assamese in that it is neither common in NIA languages nor in South Asian languages (Paudyal 2008). Apart from a few geographically distant languages of Indo-Aryan origin, these markers are not available in any other Indo-Aryan languages which are close to Assamese, either geographically or genetically. Thus, this paper focuses on four aspects: a comprehensive description of the markers as stated above, a survey of the markers in other Indo-Aryan languages, the historical origin of the markers, and the origin of the system of marking.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Possessive indexes" }, { "word": "cross-indexes" }, { "word": "person" }, { "word": "Darai" }, { "word": "Majhi" }, { "word": "Austric languages, Santhali" }, { "word": "Tibeto-Burman Languages" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02z6136x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gitanjali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Gauhati University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-04-13T18:18:58+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-04-13T18:18:58+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-03T00:28:19+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/35031/galley/26117/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35041, "title": "A Grammar of Trung [HL Archive 8]", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Trung is a Tibeto-Burmna (Trans-Himalayan) language spoken by some 13,000 people in northwestern Yúnnán, north of Burma and east of Tibet, mainly in the Trung valley. Four regional varieties of the language have been distinguished. This grammar, based on linguistic research conducted on the language from 2008 until 2017, is the most detailed account of the language to date, including a corpus of phonologically transcribed, morphologically analysed and translated native Trung texts as well as a Trung-English-Mandarin dictionary.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics" } ], "section": "Archives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0s87040c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ross", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perlin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Endangered Language Alliance", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-07-19T03:09:31+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-07-19T03:09:31+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-02T23:40:40+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/35041/galley/26122/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39773, "title": "Records of Ethiopian and Eritrean mammals in Italian literature and museums, with some taxonomic notes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Published and unpublished data on Ethiopian and Eritrean mammals, mainly deriving from Italian sources, including some natural history museums, in the present contribution are intended as an amendment to the landmark Catalogue of Ethiopian and Eritrean mammals produced by Derek Yalden and collaborators between 1974 and 1996. Additionally, a few taxonomic notes including the proposal of two new subspecific names are included. The paper highlights the importance of historical data for a number of scientific applications, such as taxonomy, conservation biology, and restoration ecology. Two ‘cryptozoological’ records are also included.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Canis anthus" }, { "word": "conservation" }, { "word": "Equus africanus" }, { "word": "Nanger lacuum" }, { "word": "Nanger soemmerringi" }, { "word": "Vulpes vulpes aegyptiaca." } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/958745wq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Spartaco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gippoliti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Società Italiana per la Storia della Fauna \"Giuseppe Altobello\"", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-10-30T20:08:51+09:30", "date_accepted": "2019-10-30T20:08:51+09:30", "date_published": "2020-01-02T17:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39773/galley/29955/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29787, "title": "4- and 5-Year-Olds’ Comprehension of Functional Metaphors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Previous work suggests that children’s ability to understand\nmetaphors emerges late in development. Researchers argue that\nchildren’s initial failure to understand metaphors is due to an\ninability to reason about shared relational structures between\nconcepts. However, recent work demonstrates that causal framing\nfacilitates preschoolers’ relational reasoning. Might causal framing\nalso facilitate preschoolers’ metaphor comprehension? In\nExperiment 1, we presented 128 4- to 5-year-olds with a novel\nmetaphor comprehension task, following a causal warm-up task,\ncontrol warm-up task, or no warm-up task. In the novel\ncomprehension task, preschoolers rated functional metaphors and\nnonsense statements as smart or silly, and provided explanations.\nPreschoolers ranked metaphors as “smarter” than nonsense\nstatements, and a quarter of preschoolers provided functional\nexplanations. There was no effect of warm-up tasks. In Experiment\n2, we validated the metaphor comprehension task with adults.\nOverall, the current work presents a new paradigm that\ndemonstrates preschoolers’ capacity to understand functional\nmetaphors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "metaphor; relational reasoning; language acquisition" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14r5z8f6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mariel", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Goddu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gopnik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29787/galley/19641/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30021, "title": "7.5-month olds remember the location of a displaced object only if an agent actedon it", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Most infant studies on location memory involve an agent hiding or retrieving the object. Recent work indicates that, foryoung infants, the presence of other agents enhances encoding of the targets of their actions and perceptions, and in apilot study we did not find evidence for location memory with a paradigm where we removed agency cues. Here, wesystematically compared whether 7.5-months-old infants remembered the location of an object better when it was placedthere by an agent compared to a highly similar but non-social setting where a conveyor belt transports the object. Locationmemory was tested through infants’ looking times in response to outcomes showing unexpected vs. expected absences ofthe object. Contrary to our preliminary results, at n=58/64 of this preregistered study we see no main effects of conditionand outcome, as well as no interaction between them (all 95% credible intervals contain 0).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mw5d64r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Velisar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Manea", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Copenhagen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dora", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kampis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Copenhagen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charlotte", "middle_name": "Grosse", "last_name": "Wiesmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Victoria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Southgate", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Copenhagen University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30021/galley/19875/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29498, "title": "A Bayesian Model of Social Influence under Risk and Uncertainty.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans live in an uncertain world and often rely on socialinformation in order to reduce uncertainty. However, therelationship between uncertainty and social information use is notyet fully understood. In this work we argue that previous studieshave often neglected different degrees of uncertainty that need tobe accounted for when studying social information use. Weintroduce a novel experimental paradigm to measure risky decisionmaking, wherein social information and uncertainty aremanipulated. We also developed a Bayesian model of socialinformation use. We show that across different levels ofuncertainty; social influence follows similar principles. Socialinformation is more impactful when individuals are moreuncertain. Notably, this relationship holds for experimentalmanipulations of uncertainty but also for subjective uncertaintywithin experimental conditions. We conclude with discussing thatsocial influence can be better understood when paying credit tosubjective uncertainties and preferences.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Social Influence; Hierarchical Bayes;Uncertainty" } ], "section": "Social Learning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xh6h05d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ciranka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wouter", "middle_name": "van den", "last_name": "Bos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29498/galley/19358/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29683, "title": "A Biologically Plausible Spiking Neural Model ofEyeblink Conditioning in the Cerebellum", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The cerebellum is classically described in terms of its role inmotor control. Recent evidence suggests that the cerebellumsupports a wide variety of functions, including timing-relatedcognitive tasks and perceptual prediction. Correspondingly,deciphering cerebellar function may be important to advanceour understanding of cognitive processes. In this paper, webuild a model of eyeblink conditioning, an extensively studiedlow-level function of the cerebellum. Building such a modelis of particular interest, since, as of now, it remains unclearhow exactly the cerebellum manages to learn and reproducethe precise timings observed in eyeblink conditioning that arepotentially exploited by cognitive processes as well. We em-ploy recent advances in large-scale neural network modelingto build a biologically plausible spiking neural network basedon the cerebellar microcircuitry. We compare our simulationresults to neurophysiological data and demonstrate how therecurrent Granule-Golgi subnetwork could generate the dynam-ics representations required for triggering motor trajectoriesin the Purkinje cell layer. Our model is capable of reproduc-ing key properties of eyeblink conditioning, while generatingneurophysiological data that could be experimentally verified.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cerebellum; classical conditioning; biologicallyplausible spiking neural network; Neural Engineering Frame-work; delay network" } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4435p2hm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andreas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stockel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Terrence", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Stewart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eliasmith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29683/galley/19540/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29582, "title": "Abstraction and Cognitive Flexibility in Collective Problem Solving:\nThe Role of Diversity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Groups of interacting individuals are often found to have an\nadvantage over individuals in contexts of complex problem\nsolving. We suggest that social interaction allows group\nmembers to share diverse introspections, perspectives and\nstrategies, promoting the formation of more abstract\nproblem representations, which – in turn – apply more\nflexibly to new problem contexts. In a reinforcement\nlearning task inspired by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test\n(WCST), participants categorized aliens as friendly or\ndangerous based on an underlying rule specifying feature\ncombinations. After a number of correctly categorized\ntrials, the rule would change (without explicit notification).\nParticipants could solve the task by learning every new\nrule, but could also discover an underlying abstract rule,\nwhich would facilitate faster recovery from local rule\nchanges. We compared pairs of participants individually\ntrained on different rules (diversity pairs), with pairs trained\non the same rule (non-diversity pairs), and individuals. We\nfound that diversity pairs outperformed non- diverse pairs\nand individuals. Our findings suggest that diversity in prior\nexperience benefits groups, likely due to processes of\nabstraction and cognitive flexibility.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "problem solving; diversity; social interaction;\ncognitive flexibility; learning" } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21b426gm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tatiana", "middle_name": "Goregliad", "last_name": "Fjaellingsdal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Lübeck", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cordula", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vesper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christoffer", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Olesen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tylén", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29582/galley/19441/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29799, "title": "Abstraction and Generalization: Comparing Adaptive Models of Categorization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Between prototype and exemplar models of categorization lie adaptive models, which represent categories using a varyingnumber of reference points. They regulate the amount of abstraction they make depending on the category structure. Moti-vated by ecological considerations, we investigate whether adopting such adaptive strategies could improve generalizationin realistic environments. We compare performance of four adaptive models: RMC, SUSTAIN, REX, VAM with that ofprototype and exemplar models on three artificial and three natural category structures. Both the exemplar model withadapted sensitivity parameter and VAM perform well on category structures requiring different amount of abstraction. Ourresults confirm the importance of the link between abstraction and generalization.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4m66w6pr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zubek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warsaw", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ludmila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kuncheva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bangor University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29799/galley/19653/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30099, "title": "Abstract strategy learning underlies flexible transfer in physical problem solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "What do people learn when they repeatedly try to solve a set ofrelated problems? In a set of three different exploratory phys-ical problem solving experiments, participants consistentlylearn strategies rather than generically better world models.Participants selectively transferred these strategies when thecrucial context and preconditions of the strategy were met,such as needing to “catapult”, “support”, “launch” or “desta-bilize” an object in the scene to accomplish their goals. Weshow that these strategies are parameterized: people can ad-just their strategies to account for new object weights despiteno direct interaction experience with these objects. Taken to-gether, these results suggest that people can make use of lim-ited experience to learn abstract strategies that go beyond sim-ple model-free policies and are instead object-oriented, adapt-able, and can be parameterized by model-based variables suchas weight.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "problem solving; intuitive physics; tool use" } ], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jn8k4hg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kelsey", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Allen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ulyana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Piterbarg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30099/galley/19953/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29880, "title": "Abstract Words as Emotion Buffers: Affect Labeling and Distress Reduction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Putting feelings into words can dampen emotions, reducing the distress elicited by aversive stimuli. Across two experi-ments, we explored whether the effectiveness of such affect labeling depends on the concreteness of the label. Whereasconcrete labels (e.g., blood) may amplify negative emotions via perceptual reactivation, more abstract labels (e.g., danger)may distance the labeler from the source of emotional distress, thus alleviating negative affect. We investigated this pro-posal by having participants passively watch distressing images or label the same images with either concrete or abstractlabels. We found that abstract labels yielded a greater reduction in participants self-reported distress (compared to passivewatching) than concrete labels. These results suggest that not all labels are equally effective as emotion buffers: abstractlabels enable us to better separate ourselves from our negative feelings.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hn915jp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walsh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holmes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29880/galley/19734/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29811, "title": "Accessing Distant Analogs Over Superficial Matches: ¿How Efficient is theArchitecture of our Retrieval Systems?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Traditional results using a cued-recall paradigm have allegedlydemonstrated that distant analogs tend to be retrieved less oftenthan disanalogous matches maintaining only surface similarity.Recent results, however, suggest that said advantage may be due tothe inadvertent inclusion of structural similarity in surface matches.In two experiments we had distant analogs compete in LTMwith two types of surface matches lacking any degree ofstructural overlap, but equated with the target in terms ofelement similarities. Distant analogs were less retrieved thatstories maintaining similar first-order relations and objects withthe target, but no overlapping structure. This differencedisappeared when surface similarity involved only similar objects.Results show that the surface superiority effect relies on thetype of surface matches that compete with distant analogs, thussuggesting a more complex picture of the forces that governaccess to similar items in memory.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "analogy; retrieval; similarity; competition" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63p1b8j4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Máximo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trench", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Comahue", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Micaela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tavernini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Comahue", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Valeria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Olguín", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Comahue", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ricardo", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Minervino", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Comahue", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29811/galley/19665/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29897, "title": "Accurate representation for spatial cognition using grid cells", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spatial cognition relies on an internal map-like representationof space provided by hippocampal place cells, which in turnare thought to rely on grid cells as a basis. Spatial Seman-tic Pointers (SSP) have been introduced as a way to representcontinuous spaces and positions via the activity of a spikingneural network. In this work, we further develop SSP rep-resentation to replicate the firing patterns of grid cells. Thisadds biological realism to the SSP representation and links bi-ological findings with a larger theoretical framework for rep-resenting concepts. Furthermore, replicating grid cell activitywith SSPs results in greater accuracy when constructing placecells.Improved accuracy is a result of grid cells forming the op-timal basis for decoding positions and place cell output. Ourresults have implications for modelling spatial cognition andmore general cognitive representations over continuous vari-ables.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Neural Engineering Framework; Semantic PointerArchitecture; spatial semantic pointer; spatial representation;spiking neural networks; cognitive maps; grid cells; place cells" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8720b88v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "Sandra-Yaffa", "last_name": "Dumont", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eliasmith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29897/galley/19751/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29958, "title": "A cognitive computational model of mindsets", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An individuals intelligence mindset describes their implicit beliefs about whether intelligence is fixed (fixed mindset)or malleable (growth mindset). Here, we introduce a computational framework to unify and build upon findings in themindsets literature. We postulate that individuals maintain a mental model of others skill, in which current skill is thesum of innate skill (1) and skill acquired from experience (growth potential (2) times fraction of potential realised (3)).An observed current skill level is consistent with multiple combinations of (1), (2), and (3). To disambiguate, the modelobserver performs probabilistic inference, which requires priors. In particular, we conceptualise a fixed mindset usinga high-variance prior over innate skill and a low-variance, low-mean prior over growth potential. Through proofs andsimulations, we demonstrate that our model accounts for empirical findings in terms of the latent psychological processes.Our results offer promise for a computational cognitive science of mindsets.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tj0c8jf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sax", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bristol", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cimpian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wei", "middle_name": "Ji", "last_name": "Ma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29958/galley/19812/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29373, "title": "A Computational Analysis of the Constraints on Parallel Word Identification", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The debate about how attention is allocated during readinghas been framed in as: Either attention is allocated in a strictlyserial manner, to support the identification of one word at atime, or it is allocated as a gradient, to support the concurrentprocessing of multiple words. The first part of this article re-views reading models to examine the feasibility of both posi-tions. Although word-identification and sentence-processingmodels assume that words are identified serially to incremen-tally build larger units of representation, discourse-processingmodel allow several propositions to be co-active in workingmemory. The remainder of this article then describes an in-stance-based model of word identification, Über-Reader, andsimulations comparing the identification of single words andword pairs. These simulations indicate that, although wordpairs can be identified, accurate identification is restricted toshort high-frequency words due to the computational de-mands of both memory retrieval and limited visual acuity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "attention; computational modeling; reading; sen-tence processing; Über-Reader; word identification" } ], "section": "Modeling Language", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zj0h1xq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Reichle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Macquarie University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Schotter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29373/galley/19234/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29575, "title": "A Computational Approach for Predicting Individuals’ Response Patterns in Human Syllogistic Reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kv989q8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emmanuelle-Anna", "middle_name": "Dietz", "last_name": "Saldanha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Center for Computational Logic", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schambach", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Center for Computational Logic", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [] }, { "pk": 29657, "title": "A Computational Approach to Perception and Language in Autism Based onSelf-Organizing Maps", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is a type of artificial neural network. Artificial neurons in the SOM form local assembliesthat become specialized in responding to categories of stimuli. Assemblies emerge through competition and cooperationbetween artificial neurons. Here we present a SOM aimed to model autism by means of increasing cooperation betweenneurons in the map. Descriptions of local hyperconnectivity in neuronal circuits in ASD make our implementation bio-logically sound. Remarkably, the change in low-level processing of our model, led to high level atypicalities mirroringASD behavior. Increasing cooperation produced deficient organization of neuronal assemblies accounting for fragmentedrepresentations of perceptual categories, idiosyncratic use of word labels, and atypical shape bias in lexical development.The results of our model successfully matched the behavioral performance of children with ASD in a categorization task,and shed light on how to understand the atypical development of the neurocognitive profile of ASD.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/983003zf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angel", "middle_name": "Eugenio", "last_name": "Tovar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UNAM", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29657/galley/19514/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29518, "title": "A Computational Model of Early Word Learning from the Infant’s Point of View", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Human infants have the remarkable ability to learn the asso-ciations between object names and visual objects from inher-ently ambiguous experiences. Researchers in cognitive scienceand developmental psychology have built formal models thatimplement in-principle learning algorithms, and then used pre-selected and pre-cleaned datasets to test the abilities of the mod-els to find statistical regularities in the input data. In contrast toprevious modeling approaches, the present study used egocen-tric video and gaze data collected from infant learners duringnatural toy play with their parents. This allowed us to capturethe learning environment from the perspective of the learner’sown point of view. We then used a Convolutional Neural Net-work (CNN) model to process sensory data from the infant’spoint of view and learn name-object associations from scratch.As the first model that takes raw egocentric video to simulateinfant word learning, the present study provides a proof of prin-ciple that the problem of early word learning can be solved,using actual visual data perceived by infant learners. More-over, we conducted simulation experiments to systematicallydetermine how visual, perceptual, and attentional properties ofinfants’ sensory experiences may affect word learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "word learning" }, { "word": "Computational Modeling" }, { "word": "EyeTracking and Visual Attention" }, { "word": "Parent-Child Social Interaction" } ], "section": "Word Learning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8709p042", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Satoshi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsutsui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arjun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chandrasekaran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Md", "middle_name": "Alimoor", "last_name": "Reza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Crandall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29518/galley/19378/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29627, "title": "A Computational Model of Learning to Count in a Multimodal,Interactive Environment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When learning to count, children actively engage with a varietyof counting tasks and observe demonstrations by more knowl-edgeable others. We investigate how a single neural network-based agent, situated in a multimodal learning environment,can learn from observing such demonstrations to perform mul-tiple number tasks such as counting temporally and spatiallydistributed objects, and a variant of the give-N task. We findthat i. the agent can learn different tasks that require counting,ii. learning progresses in similar stages for different tasks, iii.sequential learning of subtasks aids learning of the full task ofcounting spatially distributed objects, and iv. a mechanism forupdating memory when each object is counted emerges fromlearning the task. The work relies on generic deep learningprocesses in widely used neural network modules rather thanmechanisms specialized for mathematics learning, and pro-vides an architecture in which aspects of a sense of numberemerge from learning several different number related tasks.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "mathematical cognition; neural networks; learningto count; situated multimodal learning." } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0gn0b19r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Silvester", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sabathiel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Norwegian University of Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "McClelland", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Trygve", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Solstad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Norwegian University of Science and Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29627/galley/19485/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29795, "title": "Acoustic Features of Infant Directed Speech in Female and Male Speakers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Infant directed speech (IDS) is characterized by exaggerated pitch and vowel lengthening. The current study recorded ev-eryday interactions with fifty 12-month-old infants and their families to examine whether there are significant differencesin the acoustic features of IDS (such as frequency, pause duration, and vowel length) between male and female speak-ers, and whether any differences are related to childrens vocabulary development at 12 months and 15 months. Femalespeakers, compared with male speakers, exhibited significantly longer pauses in phrase final positions, thereby poten-tially signaling syntactic structures more clearly. Controlling for family income and maternal education, female speakersfrequency variation at non-final vowel positions accounted for an additional unique variance for infants productive vocab-ulary at 12 months and receptive vocabulary at 15 months while none of the acoustic features of male speakers related tovocabulary size. These results suggest that female speakers IDS may be more influential in language development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2442j70h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University at Albany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tianlin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University at Albany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elie", "middle_name": "ChingYen", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University at Albany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jill", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lany", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Liverpool", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29795/galley/19649/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29447, "title": "A Cross-Cultural Principle Of Temporal Spatialization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Temporal Focus Hypothesis proposes that a person’s tendency to conceptualize either the past or the future as beinglocated in front of them depends on their temporal focus: the balance of attention paid to the past (tradition) and thefuture (progress). How general is the TFH and to what extent can cultures and subcultures be placed on a single linerelating time spatialization and temporal focus in spite of stark differences in language, religion, history, and economicdevelopment? Data from 10 Western and Middle Eastern (sub)cultural groups (N=1198) were used to derive a linearmodel relating aggregated temporal focus and proportion of future-in-front responses. This model then successfully fittednine independently collected (sub)cultural groups in China and Vietnam (N=841). A logistic mixed model computedover the whole dataset (N=2039) showed that the group-level relation arose at the individual level and allowed precisequantification of its influence. Temporal focus shapes how people around the world think of time in spatial terms.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Spatial Cognition", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31w9s8db", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carmen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Callizo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Granada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Slavica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tutnjevi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Banja-Luka", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pandza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Mostar", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marc", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ouellet", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Granada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kranjec", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duquesne University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sladjana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ili", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tuzla", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCL", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tilbe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gksun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ko University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sobh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chahboun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Queen Maud University College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Casasanto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cornell University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Santiago", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Granada", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29447/galley/19307/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30015, "title": "A Cross-linguistic Study into the Contribution of Affective Connotation in theLexico-semantic Representation of Concrete and Abstract Concepts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Words carry affective connotations, but the role of these conno-tations in the representation of meaning is not well understood.Like other aspects of meaning, connotation might be cultureor language-specific. This study uses a large-scale relatednessjudgment task to determine the role of affective connotationsin concrete and abstract words in English, Rioplatense Span-ish, and Mandarin Chinese. Across languages, word valence,or how positive or negative a word is, was one of the main or-ganizing factors in both concrete and abstract concepts. More-over, predicted culture-specific affective connotations were re-liably found in the similarity space of abstract concepts. Afollow-up analysis was conducted to investigate whether distri-butional semantic representations derived from language simi-larly encodes these connotations using word embeddings. Thelanguage models did only partly captured the overall similaritystructure and the affective connotations shaping it.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "affective connotation; cross-cultural meaning; re-latedness; word embeddings" } ], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/10g4r578", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "De Deyne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Álvaro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cabana", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la República, Montevideo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NYU Shanghai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Qing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NYU Shanghai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Meredith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McKague", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30015/galley/19869/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29837, "title": "Active Vision in the Perception of Actions: An Eye Tracking Study in Naturalistic\nContexts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Infants’ ability to attend actively and selectively to naturalistic\nstimuli is critical to early learning. Most studies on infant visual\nattention use screen-based paradigms wherein infants view\nstimuli on computer screens. Little is known about how infants\nobserve others’ activities in everyday contexts. Using head-\nmounted eye-tracking, this study examined how infants\ndistributed attention when observing their parents perform an\neveryday task – making peanut-butter and jelly sandwiches –\nin a home-like environment. Infant observers attended to\nparents’ activities less than adult observers in the same\nsituation. However, when infants were engaged in action\nobservation, their gaze patterns were distributed on task-\nrelevant objects similarly to adult observers, suggesting they\nactively obtained rich visual input in this free-viewing\nsituation. Moreover, infant-parent dyads coordinated visual\nattention during the food preparation task in similar ways as\nobserved in other everyday tasks, such as toy play, suggesting\nsensorimotor processes play a critical role in coordinated\nattention.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "action observation; coordinated attention; eye-\ntracking; parent-child interaction; selective attention" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3149s3rd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Peters", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Petersen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29837/galley/19691/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29521, "title": "Active Word Learning through Self-supervision", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Models of cross-situational word learning typically character-ize the learner as a passive observer, but a language learn-ing child can actively participate in verbal and non-verbalcommunication. We present a computational study of cross-situational word learning to investigate whether a curious wordlearner who actively influences linguistic input in each contexthas an advantage over a passive learner. Our computationalmodel learns to map words to objects in real images by self-supervision through simulating both word comprehension andproduction. We examine different curiosity measures as guid-ing input selection, and analyze the relative impact of eachmethod. Our results suggest that active learning leads to higheroverall performance, and a formulation of curiosity which re-lies both on subjective novelty and plasticity yields the bestperformance and learning stability.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cross-situational word learning; Computationalmodelling; Active learning; Curiosity." } ], "section": "Word Learning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2g84p0sk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lieke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gelderloos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alireza", "middle_name": "Mahmoudi", "last_name": "Kamelabad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trento", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Afra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alishahi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29521/galley/19381/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29355, "title": "Adaptations of Executive Function and Prefrontal Cortex Connectivity FollowingExergame Play in 4- to 5-year old Children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study examined the separate and combined effects ofexercise and cognitive training on children’s executivefunction (EF) and associated neural substrates. Sixty-twochildren were recruited and randomly assigned to an Exergame(exercise + cognitive activity), Exercise (physical activity),Sedentary (cognitive activity), or Control (no-play) Condition.The training consisted of 20 min sessions 2x/week and wascompleted by 49 children 4- to 5-years-old. Resting-stateprefrontal cortex (PFC) connectivity utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy, behavioral assessments of EF, andteacher ratings of EF were assessed pre- and posttest.Exergame training significantly improved performance ontransfer EF assessments compared to the other conditions andincreased PFC connectivity. The changes in PFC connectivitywere positively associated with EF improvement. Thesefindings suggest that the combination of cognitive and exercisetraining modulates the effects on EF and elucidates the neuralmechanisms underlying the changes in EF induced fromexergame play.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "educational technology; executive function;exergames; prefrontal cortex" }, { "word": "fNIRS" } ], "section": "Neuroscience and Psychophysics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xz485tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cassondra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pocsai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Frank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fishburn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pittsburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dominic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Calkosz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thiessen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fisher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29355/galley/19216/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29770, "title": "Adapting Educational Technologies Across Learner Populations:A Usability Study with Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper reports initial results from a usability study con-ducted in the formative and user-centered design phase of alarger project to translate an existing, science-focused edu-cational technology for neurotypical middle school studentsinto a new, social-reasoning-focused educational technologyfor students on the autism spectrum. Participants in our studyincluded both adolescents on the autism spectrum and typi-cally developing adolescents, who were asked to complete theBetty’s Brain educational-technology-based science activity aswell as a social-reasoning movie question-answering activity.Results include qualitative observations of general student en-gagement and challenges as well as quantitative measures ofperformance and eye gaze, including key differences observedacross our two sample groups, with the goal of informingthe design and adaptation of future technology-based inter-ventions. Our findings suggest specific considerations for de-signing educational technologies for adolescents on the autismspectrum, including 1) finding ways to help students followinstructional/tutorial portions of new technologies, especiallywhen lengthy instructions and/or complex interfaces are in-volved; 2) proactively anticipating and finding ways to mit-igate potential student episodes of frustration / dysregulationwhile using the technology; and 3) capitalizing on features ofthe technology found to be engaging/motivating for students.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Autism; eye tracking; science reasoning; socialreasoning; usability." } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sq9g4nw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Xiaoman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shiyao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roxanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rashedi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rushdy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lane", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shitanshu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mishra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gautam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Biswas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Swanson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kinsman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bardett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zachary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Warren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pablo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Juarez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maithilee", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kunda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29770/galley/19624/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29735, "title": "Adaptive Sampling Policies Imply Biased Beliefs:A Generalization of the Hot Stove Effect", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Hot Stove Effect is a negativity bias resulting from theadaptive character of learning. The mechanism is that learn-ing algorithms that pursue alternatives with positive estimatedvalues, but avoid alternatives with negative estimated values,will correct errors of overestimation but fail to correct errorsof underestimation. Here we generalize the theory behind theHot Stove Effect to settings in which negative estimates do notnecessarily lead to avoidance but to a smaller sample size (i.e,a learner selects fewer of alternative B if B is believed to be in-ferior but does not entirely avoid B). We demonstrate formallythat the negativity bias remains in this set-up. We also showthat there is a negativity bias for Bayesian learners in the sensethat most such learners underestimate the expected value of analternative.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "learning; stopping; sampling; Bayesian models" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sc0v7sj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jerker", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Denrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29735/galley/19591/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29679, "title": "Adaptive vs. Fixed Spacing of Learning Items:Evidence from Studies of Learning and Transfer in Chemistry Education", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spacing presentations of learning items across time improvesmemory relative to massed schedules of practice – thewell-known spacing effect. Spaced practice can be furtherenhanced by adaptively scheduling the presentation of learningitems to deliver customized spacing intervals for individualitems and learners. ARTS - Adaptive Response-time-basedSequencing (Mettler, Massey, & Kellman 2016) determinesspacing dynamically in relation to each learner’s ongoing speedand accuracy in interactive learning trials. We demonstrate theeffectiveness of ARTS when applied to chemistry nomenclaturein community college chemistry courses by comparing adaptiveschedules to fixed schedules consisting of continuouslyexpanding spacing intervals. Adaptive spacing enhanced theefficiency and durability of learning, with learning gainspersisting after a two-week delay and generalizing to astandardized assessment of chemistry knowledge after 2-3months. Two additional experiments confirmed and extendedthese results in both laboratory and community college settings.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Adaptive Learning" }, { "word": "Spacing effect" }, { "word": "chemistryeducation" }, { "word": "STEM learning" } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0rz8h8w3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Everett", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mettler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Massey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amina", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "El-Ashmawy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Collin College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Kellman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29679/galley/19536/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29894, "title": "Adding biological constraints to deep neural networks reduces their capacity tolearn unstructured data", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming increasingly pop-ular as a model of the human visual system. However, theyshow behaviours that are uncharacteristic of humans, includingthe ability to learn arbitrary data, such as images with pixel val-ues drawn randomly from a Gaussian distribution. We investi-gated whether this behaviour is due to the learning and memorycapacity of DNNs being too high for the training task. We re-duced the capacity of DNNs by incorporating biologically mo-tivated constraints – an information bottleneck, internal noiseand sigmoid activations – in order to diminish the learning ofarbitrary data, without significantly degrading performance onnatural images. Internal noise reliably produced the desiredbehaviour, while a bottleneck had limited impact. Combiningall three constraints yielded an even greater reduction in learn-ing capacity. Furthermore, we tested whether these constraintscontribute to a network’s ability to generalize by helping it de-velop more robust internal representations. However, none ofthe methods could consistently improve generalization.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "deep learning; biological details; memorization;generalization; internal noise; bottleneck" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pr8s6b7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsvetkov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bristol", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gaurav", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Malhotra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bristol", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Evans", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bristol", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Bowers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bristol", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29894/galley/19748/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30058, "title": "Adventures in Flatland: Perceiving Social Interactions Under Physical Dynamics", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People make fast, spontaneous, and consistent judgementsof social situations, even in complex physical contexts withmultiple-body dynamics (e.g. pushing, lifting, carrying, etc.).What mental computations make such judgments possible? Dopeople rely on low-level perceptual cues, or on abstract con-cepts of agency, action, and force? We describe a new exper-imental paradigm, Flatland, for studying social inference inphysical environments, using automatically generated interac-tive scenarios. We show that human interpretations of events inFlatland can be explained by a computational model that com-bines inverse hierarchical planning with a physical simulationengine to reason about objects and agents. This model out-performs cue-based alternatives based on hand-coded (multi-nomial logistic regression) and learned (LSTM) features. Ourresults suggest that humans could use a combination of intu-itive physics and hierarchical planning to interpret complex in-teractive scenarios encountered in daily life.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "social perception; theory of mind; intuitivephysics; Bayesian inverse planning; hierarchical planning" } ], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ms286cp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tianmin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kryven", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tomer", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Ullman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30058/galley/19912/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30061, "title": "Affect and syntactic anomaly", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In an event-related potential (ERP) language experiment, we investigated whether variability in the P600 component, amarker of syntactic anomaly, could be accounted for by dispositional affect. Sentences such as (i) The broker plannedto conceal the transaction * was sent to jail vs. (ii) The broker persuaded * to conceal the transaction was sent tojail (critical words are underlined) were read by 25 participants. These stimuli were adapted from Osterhout & Holcomb(1992), an influential early study on the P600 waveform. We expected to replicate previous findings, where P600 effectswere expected at to in (ii) vs. (i) and at was in (i) vs. (ii). The P600 effect at to did not replicate, whereas it didat was . Regarding affect, our results showed a significant positive correlation between positive affect scores and P600amplitude. Results are discussed in terms of the family of P600 components and affect.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tg7f7mc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Veena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dwivedi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brock University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30061/galley/19915/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29854, "title": "A FIRST: Arabic-English biliterates demonstrate the SNARC effect", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The SNARC effect is demonstrated in number judgment tasks when subjects are faster to respond to higher values withresponses made on the right and to lower values with responses made on the left. This effect has been found to beimpervious to handedness but works best for single digit values. Researchers speculate the reason for this robust effectto be a Mental Number Line (MNL) from which numbers, proceeding from 0-9 are oriented in a horizontal fashion fromleft to right. This follows when people consistently use text that proceeds from left to right, but for 1 or 2 billion ofpeople worldwide, text orientation proceeds right to left or top to bottom. The current experiments investigated whetherthe SNARC effect would be found among Egyptian Arabic-English biliterates who are highly proficient in both languagesand for whom reading and writing proceed from right-to-left, except for the numbering system. To our knowledge we havefound the first ever demonstration of the typical SNARC effect among this population.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zp0d1sz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jacquelyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29854/galley/19708/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29583, "title": "Age Effects in the Acquisition of Phonological Variation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We report a series of artificial language learning experiments designed to test child and adult learners abilities to acquirethree types of phonological variation. Previous work on experimental morphology (Hudson Kam & Newport 2005, 2009;Schuler, Yang & Newport, 2016) has found that young children turn inconsistent input into an invariant rule, while adultsreproduce and match variation in their input. Here we investigate whether phonological variation of three different types(deterministic conditioning, unconditioned variation, and probabilistic variation) exhibits a similar age pattern. We finda clear effect of age in grammatically-conditioned variability, with the youngest children showing a strong tendency toregularize to the stem form, adults probability-matching, and intermediate-aged children learning correct conditioning butnot matching the input probabilities. These results suggest, in accord with previous findings on morphology, that variationis not readily learned by young children and may instead be acquired as a separate process.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wm357pp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Betsy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sneller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Newport", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29583/galley/19442/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30203, "title": "A Generalization Test of Conjunction Errors in Physical Reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Ludwin-Peery, Bramley, Davis, and Gureckis (2019) reported finding evidence of conjunction fallacy errors in an intuitivephysics reasoning task. However, this finding was limited to a single paradigm involving the behavior of only two objects,interacting in a consistent manner, in a highly regular setting. In this project, we provide an important generalizationtest of this result, and examine several new paradigms under which conjunction errors might be observed. We find somecases that produce the expected errors, representing an important generalization of the original finding, as well as someparadigms which do not appear to produce conjunction errors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Member Abstracts, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0d83b6hs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ethan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ludwin-Peery", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Neil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bramley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ernest", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gureckis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30203/galley/20057/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29912, "title": "A Grounded Framework of Cognition for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment inHigher Education", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Models of cognition and learning structure and inform the thinking and action of educational practitioners and researchersalike. They serve as a communication device both within and between research and practice. There is a need for a holis-tic framework of cognition that appropriately reflects and synthesizes the current state of the field of the cognitive andlearning sciences with its rich diversity of research agendas. I propose such a model, which conceptualizes learning asunfolding from three interlinked basic domains: Conscious thought in the form of percepts and symbolic representationsin a symbolic-conceptual domain; foundational preconscious processing in a domain of cognitive metaphor; as well assituated, embodied interaction in a tangible enculturated agent-environment domain. The fundamental theoretical com-mitment of this Holistic Framework of Cognition and Learning is to dynamical systems theory. Emergence serves as thefunctional binder that ties the frameworks seemingly disparate elements together into a coherent whole.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2x67h1jk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Halbherr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ETH Zurich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29912/galley/19766/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29612, "title": "A hierarchical model of metacognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "I present a novel method of conceptualizing metacognition in a computational hierarchy. Metacognition is commonlydescribed as cognition acting on itself, and correlates with enhanced performance in memory, reasoning, emotional reg-ulation, and motor skills. Understanding metacognition requires surmounting two barriers: its high-level abstraction anddisputed terminology. To overcome these barriers I employ a computational cognitive architecture to first define the baseunits of cognition and how they come to act on themselves. Well-defined computational units are built up into a hierarchyof cognitive processes. These forms of cognition are then connected back to clarify the research literature. Each formis built into working models within ACT-R to support this hierarchical systems viability. The intention of this hierar-chical model is to help clarify the nature of metacognition by supplementing verbal cognitive definition with rigorouscomputational terminology.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fg5t98j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brendan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Conway-Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carleton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "West", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carleton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29612/galley/19471/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29539, "title": "A Large-Scale Analysis of Attentional Deployment across One Hundred\nSessions of Adaptive Multitask Training", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Human cognition is routinely challenged by today’s\nmultitasking demands which require continuous attentional\ndeployment to multiple task components in parallel. While\npractice-based multitasking training has been shown to\nimprove multitasking performance, little is known about how\nattention should be best deployed for optimal training. To this\nend, we leveraged a large-scale dataset from an online\ncognitive-training platform to investigate individual\ndifferences in task learning across long-term training. We\ndeveloped an index of attentional deployment that specifies the\ntemporal dynamics of learning for each component of the\nmultitask and calculate distance maps between clusters of users\nto specify distinct learning styles. While long-term practice\nimproved the multitasking performance of all participant\ngroups, participants who focused on learning one task\ncomponent earlier and more emphatically, benefited from\nsuperior learning gains throughout the entirety of training.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "multitasking; attentional bias; cognitive control;\nlearning; adaptive training; practice effects; big data" } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71s1v9qv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Omar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Claflin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kirsten", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Blakey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stirling", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eva", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rafetseder", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stirling", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Atkinson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stirling", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Renner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stirling", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Caldwell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stirling", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29539/galley/19399/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29904, "title": "Algebra decoded: individual differences in strategy selection when solving for ’x’", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding variables and solving algebraic equations are essential to advanced mathematical thinking. Missing-operand problems (e.g., x + 3 = 5) are solvable via two strategies: 1) pattern-matching, or direct arithmetic fact retrieval(e.g., 2 + 3 = 5), and 2) algebraic symbol-manipulation, or performing the inverse operation (e.g., 5 3 = 2). U.S. undergrad-uates made speeded verifications of arithmetic sentences like 2 + 3 = 5 and 5 3 = 2. They then solved missing-operandproblems like x + 3 = 5. We decoded individual differences in strategy choice by whether speed on missing-operandproblems was better predicted by speed on verifying direct- or inverse-matched arithmetic facts. We found individualdifferences in strategy choice, although these were not significantly associated with mathematical achievement.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1q46k4p9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bye", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harsch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sashank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29904/galley/19758/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29623, "title": "Ambiguity in Text Messages:\n“I Hate You for Using Emojis Inconsistently With Your Text in WhatsApp ”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigates whether incongruency of valences between\nemoji and text in texting will promote stronger negative inference in\nreaders. An experiment assessed participants’ judgments of the text\nmessages by recording their response times and perceived valence\nfrom the messages (either positive or negative) under the following\nmanipulations: positive or negative messages paired with an emoji\nthat convey positive, negative or ambiguous/neutral emotions (i.e.\nthe pairing of emojis and test may be congruent or incongruent in\ntheir valences). Compared with congruent text messages, we found\nthat incongruency between emojis and texts promoted stronger\nnegative inference and elicited a longer processing time, even in\ntexts that conveyed a positive meaning or when the emoji itself was\nambiguous/neutral. These results suggest that texts and emojis\njointly influence the perceived mood of messages, hinting the\nimportance of the effective use of emojis in order to convey intended\nmeanings and emotions efficiently.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emojis; congruency; ambiguity; emojis valences" }, { "word": "valences of text messages" } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0md8b4wg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ricky", "middle_name": "Van-yip", "last_name": "Tso", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Education University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matt", "middle_name": "Wing-hang", "last_name": "To", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Education University of Hong Kong", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29623/galley/19481/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29976, "title": "A Mechanistic Account of Model-Free / Model-Based Trade-off and its ChangeAcross Development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The joint recruitment of two systems (habitual and goal-directed) for the control of behaviour has provoked wide interestin the last decades. The systems relative contributions have been quantified through a standard two-stage task and byapplying reinforcement learning (model-free/model-based), but less is known about the processes behind their integration.We address this with an interactive activation model of the standard task in which the two systems activate, to varyingdegrees, the potential responses. The model is able to capture the behavioural patterns characterizing the trade-off betweenthe two systems. Additionally, the model is able to simulate response times because activations vary over time within atrial. We explore three mechanistic hypotheses of the trade-off related to developmental data from childhood to adulthood.We argue that process-level models such as ours are needed, conjointly with new empirical tasks, to further understandchanges in the control of action selection across development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2074410g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aude", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carteron", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Denis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mareschal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29976/galley/19830/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29844, "title": "A memory-augmented neural network model of abstract sequential reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A key aspect of human reasoning is the ability to recognize abstract patterns in sequential data and then use those patternsto make novel inferences. Capturing this capacity for abstract reasoning is a major challenge for neural network modelsof human cognition. We present a recurrent neural network model of abstract sequential reasoning that is augmented witha form of episodic memory. This memory system enables the network to accomplish a form of variable-binding that haslong been considered an important component of abstract reasoning. We evaluate the model using visually grounded,abstract sequential reasoning and pattern completion tasks, including a task based on relations commonly found in RavensProgressive Matrices.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38m243md", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ishan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sinha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Taylor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Webb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29844/galley/19698/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29530, "title": "A Meta-Analytic Review of Verbal Overshadowing Effect on Insight ProblemSolving Using Bayes Factors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "There has been a debate on the process of insight problem solving. The special-process view posits that insight problemsolving processes are implicit unlike non-insight problem solving. The business-as-usual view, on the other hand, assumesthat the same processes as non-insight problem solving are involved in insight problem solving. To reconcile them, we canrely on the evidence on the verbal overshadowing effect on insight problem solving. However, there is a methodologicalproblem on how to determine whether the verbal overshadowing effect has emerged. The purpose of the present studywas to solve the problem using Bayes Factors. We reanalyzed the data presented in the previous studies examining theeffects of verbalization on insight problem solving. The results showed that some studies inappropriately concluded thatthe verbal overshadowing effect was not obtained. We also discussed possible moderating variables of the effect.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d54859v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sachiko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kiyokawa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zoltan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dienes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sussex", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29530/galley/19390/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30165, "title": "A methodology for distinguishing copying and reconstruction in cultural\ntransmission episodes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Information transmission between individuals through social\nlearning is a foundational component of cultural evolution.\nHowever, how this transmission occurs is still debated. The\ncopying account draws parallels with biological mechanisms\nfor genetic inheritance, arguing that learners copy what they\nobserve as they see it. On the other hand, the reconstruction\naccount argues that learners recreate only what is relevant and\nreconstruct it using pragmatic inference, environmental and\ncontextual cues. Distinguishing these two accounts empirically\nusing typical transmission chain studies is difficult because\nthey generate overlapping predictions. In this study we present\nan innovative methodological approach that generates different\npredictions of these accounts by manipulating the task context\nbetween model and learner in a transmission episode. We\nprovide an empirical proof-of-concept showing that, when a\nmodel introduces embedded signals to their actions that are not\nintended to be transmitted, learners’ reproductions are more\nconsistent with a process of reconstruction than copying.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cultural transmission; copying; reconstruction;\npedagogy;" } ], "section": "Papers accepted as Posters, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38481681", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "W.A.", "last_name": "Strachan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arianna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Curioni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Merryn", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Constable", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northumbria University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Günther", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Knoblich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mathieu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Charbonneau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30165/galley/20019/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29733, "title": "A Model of Fast Concept Inference with Object-Factorized Cognitive Programs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The ability of humans to quickly identify general conceptsfrom a handful of images has proven difficult to emulate withrobots. Recently, a computer architecture was developed thatallows robots to mimic some aspects of this human ability bymodeling concepts as cognitive programs using an instructionset of primitive cognitive functions. This allowed a robot toemulate human imagination by simulating candidate programsin a world model before generalizing to the physical world.However, this model used a naive search algorithm that re-quired 30 minutes to discover a single concept, and becameintractable for programs with more than 20 instructions. Tocircumvents this bottleneck, we present an algorithm that emu-lates the human cognitive heuristics of object factorization andsub-goaling, allowing human-level inference speed, improvingaccuracy, and making the output more explainable.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "zero-shot; cognitive programs; program induc-tion; concept inference; imitation learning" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zq2m13d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anonymous CogSci submission", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29733/galley/19590/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29445, "title": "A Model of Prenatal Acquisition of Vowels", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans learn much about their language while still in thewomb. Prenatal exposure has been repeatedly shown to affectnewborn infants’ processing of the prosodic characteristics ofnative language speech. Little is known about whether and howprenatal exposure affects infants’ perception of speech soundsegments. Here we simulated prenatal learning of vowels intwo virtual fetuses whose mothers spoke (slightly) differentlanguages. The learners were two-layer neural networks andwere each exposed to vowel tokens sampled from an existentfive-vowel language (Spanish and Czech, respectively). Theinput acoustic properties approximated the speech signal thatcould possibly be heard in the intrauterine environment, andthe learners’ auditory system was relatively immature. Withoutsupervision, the virtual fetuses came to warp the continuousacoustic signal into “proto-categories” that were specific totheir linguistic environment. Both learners came to create twocategorization patterns and did so in language-specific ways,primarily on the basis of the vowels’ first-formantcharacteristics. Such prenatally formed proto-categories werenot adult-like in that they entirely collapsed some of the native-language contrasts. At the same time, the categories reflectedfeatures of the adult language in that they were language-specific. These results can inspire future work on speech andlanguage acquisition in real young humans.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "prenatal learning; speech sound acquisition;vowels; models of language development; neural network" } ], "section": "Speech and Phonetics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nw4k415", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kateřina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chládková", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charles University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nudga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charles University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Boersma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29445/galley/19305/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29370, "title": "A Model of Temporal Connective Acquisition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Temporal connectives are function words that relate events intime. Despite their ubiquity and utility, children acquire themeanings of temporal connective words late in development.Experimental work has uncovered patterns in the acquisitionof temporal connectives that clarify the learning challenge thatthese words pose to children. In particular, developmentalstudies have identified differing acquisition trajectories acrossconnective types, asymmetries in learning within pairs of re-lated connectives, and monotonic increases in comprehensionwith age. Expanding on prior theoretical accounts, we formal-ize temporal connective acquisition in a computational wordlearning framework. We demonstrate that each of the empir-ically determined acquisition patterns emerges in the learningbehavior of our computational model. Finally, we discuss ourfindings in relation to earlier theories and to general learnabil-ity concerns in language acquisition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "computational modeling; language acquisition;learnability; semantics; time" } ], "section": "Modeling Language", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7x39k1dx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Gorenstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cedegao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Piantadosi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29370/galley/19231/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30094, "title": "An Aha! Walks into a Bar: Joke Completion as a Form of Insight Problem Solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The present work introduces a new insight problem task: joke\ncompletion. We found that performance and magnitude of\ninsight within it correlated with an established task: rebus\npuzzles. However, participants performed worse on and took\nlonger in joke completion problems than in their rebus\ncounterparts. Further, the distribution of reported insight was\nbimodal only for rebuses, as should be expected of an insight\nproblem. In joke completion problems, both self-estimated and\nexternally-rated joke funniness correlated with reported\ninsight. Challenging the assumption of impasse, performance\nand insight decreased as a function of trial time for both\nproblem types, with the best and most insightful solutions\nsubmitted within the first 20 seconds. While this is a\npreliminary study, we argue that it signals a promising\ndirection for the problem solving, humor, and creativity\nliteratures by providing a new approach to capture insight in a\nmanner conducive to linguistic and cognitive modeling\ntechniques.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "creativity; humor; insight; problem solving" } ], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5vb77924", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Bower", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30094/galley/19948/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29639, "title": "An algorithm for estimating average magnitudes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Representing numbers spatially allows us to more quickly and accurately compute average magnitudes. For instance, abar graph lets us quickly estimate the average height of several values. What algorithm might we implement to find theaverage position of observations in space, and how might we leverage this algorithm for quick numeric estimates? Weasked subjects to estimate either the average spatial location of points on a line or the average value of written integers.We propose an iterative algorithm where the subject 1) makes a noisy estimate of the distance of each observation to avisual reference point, 2) infers the posterior of the average of those distances, and 3) updates the reference point to thenew posterior mean. Our algorithm correctly predicts that subjects accuracy and confidence decrease with the varianceof observations. We further investigate similarities and differences between the fitted models for spatial vs. numericaveraging.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0d4149vh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wei", "middle_name": "Ji", "last_name": "Ma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29639/galley/19497/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29361, "title": "Analogical Transfer and Recognition Memory in Relational Classification Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People spontaneously make connections between superficially\ndistinct domains through relational similarity, but this\nspontaneous transfer has yet to be demonstrated across distinct\nclassification tasks. A related issue is that the acquisition of a\ncategory may affect recognition memory for category-\nconsistent items. Participants in the Category Learning\ncondition completed an initial classification task. The Category\nLearning and Baseline conditions each received category-\nconsistent items to study followed by a recognition test. Both\ngroups completed a final classification task in a novel domain\nabiding by the same underlying category structures as the\ninitial classification task. The Category Learning group\nshowed 1) increased false alarms during the recognition test\nand 2) higher accuracy in the final classification task (when\ntold the classification phases were unrelated). This suggests\nthat classification learning led to a schematization of the\ncategory-defining concept (evidenced by increased false\nalarms), which supported spontaneous transfer of relational\nconcepts across distinct classification tasks.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "analogical transfer; relational categories;\nclassification; recognition memory" } ], "section": "Human Learning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94z9c8r1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Snoddy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Binghamton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Kurtz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Binghamton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29361/galley/19222/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29962, "title": "Analogy as Nonparametric Bayesian Inference over Relational Systems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Much of human learning and inference can be framed withinthe computational problem of relational generalization. Inthis project, we propose a Bayesian model that generalizesrelational knowledge to novel environments by analogicallyweighting predictions from previously encountered relationalstructures. First, we show that this learner outperforms anaive, theory-based learner on relational data derived fromrandom- and Wikipedia-based systems when experience withthe environment is small. Next, we show how our formal-ization of analogical similarity translates to the selection andweighting of analogies. Finally, we combine the analogy-and theory-based learners in a single nonparametric Bayesianmodel, and show that optimal relational generalizationtransitions from relying on analogies to building a theory ofthe novel system with increasing experience in it. Beyondpredicting unobserved interactions better than either baseline,this formalization gives a computational-level perspective onthe formation and abstraction of analogies themselves.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "generalization; inference; analogy; Bayesianmodels" }, { "word": "nonparametric statistics" } ], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86j8j93w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ruairidh", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Battleday", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Griffiths", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29962/galley/19816/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30139, "title": "Analyzing the Differences in Human Reasoning viaJoint Nonnegative Matrix Factorization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Joint Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (JNMF) is a methodfor factor analysis that is capable of simultaneously decom-posing two datasets into related latent state representations.Enabling factor analysis for contrasting applications, i.e., tofind common and distinct structural patterns in data, JNMF hasgreat potential for use in the field of cognitive science. Appliedto experimental data, JNMF allows for the extraction of com-mon and distinct patterns of behavior thereby extending theoutcomes of traditional correlation-based contrasting methods.In this article, we introduce JNMF to the field of cognitive sci-ence and demonstrate its potential on the exemplary domainof syllogistic reasoning by comparing reasoning patterns fordifferent personality factors. Results are interpreted with re-spect to the theoretical state of the art in syllogistic reasoningresearch.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "syllogistic reasoning; personality; nonnegativematrix factorization; data mining; cognitive modeling" } ], "section": "Papers accepted as Posters, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0br9k22g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Freiburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Riesterer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Freiburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hannah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dames", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Freiburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ragni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Freiburg", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30139/galley/19993/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30129, "title": "An associative learning account for retrieval-induced forgetting", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) is a paradigm where re-peated study and cue-based retrieval of words impair retrievalof related, but unstudied, words. We present a process model,situated in the ACT-R/E cognitive architecture, that accountsfor the RIF task using the architecture’s overarching theory ofassociative learning. In this theory, studying words strengthenstheir association with their related cues; this, in turn, weakensthe association between those cues and any other words theyare related to. We show this account fits a recent dataset thatexplores cueing in the RIF task (Perfect et al., 2004).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "associative learning; spreading activation; prim-ing; cognitive architecture; retrieval-induced forgetting" } ], "section": "Papers accepted as Talks, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9rm3942g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Hiatt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "US Naval Research Laboratory", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30129/galley/19983/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30127, "title": "A naturalistic fMRI investigation into the possible co-evolution of language andtechnology", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent findings of activation of language networks in the brain during stone tool manufacture support hypotheses aboutthe co-evolution of language and technology. Our study replicates these findings and demonstrates that distinct toolmakingbehaviors and levels of expertise affect how reliably these networks are activated. Subjects, including expert toolmakers(n = 7) and untrained participants (n = 10), watched naturalistic videos of an expert toolmaker making three technologiesand imagined themselves performing the same actions as the toolmaker while being scanned. We performed event-relatedGLM analyses on our data, focusing on activation during observation and flaking. All technologies recruited networksinvolved in language production and comprehension, including IFG, vPMC, dPMC, SPL, IPL, and pMTG. Flaking en-gaged language networks more reliably than observation. Our study considers whether expertise is required for Oldowan,Acheulean, and Levallois comprehension by exploring the extent to which activation in language networks increases withtool complexity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6cz5w6w1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anwarzai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University, Bloomington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruck", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University, Bloomington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shelby", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Putt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Illinois State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "P. Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schoenemann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University, Bloomington", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30127/galley/19981/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30131, "title": "An efficient communication analysis of morpho-syntactic grammatical features", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Grammatical features vary widely across languages and thisvariation has been studied in detail. The functions of gram-matical features, however, are not entirely clear and a numberof puzzles remain. For example, why do some languages haverich feature inventories but others have few if any grammaticalfeatures? Why do many languages have features that appearto encode semantic information (e.g. animacy) that is alreadyknown to the listener? We present a computational frameworkthat addresses questions like these by formalizing one way inwhich grammatical features aid communication. We use themodel to illustrate how morpho-syntactic feature inventorieshelp to solve the problem of communicating semantic struc-tures under cognitive pressures.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "grammatical features; syntactic typology; infor-mation theory" } ], "section": "Papers accepted as Talks, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dm2m3hc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Francis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mollica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kemp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30131/galley/19985/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30055, "title": "An emotionally intelligent actor model for virtual conference presenters", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Hosting a scientific conference in Virtual or Mixed Reality becomes a reality. One key advantage of this format is thepossibility to use Virtual Actors controlled by Artificial Intelligence as conference participants, in such roles as a VirtualPoster Presenter, a Discussion Panel Moderator, a Lightning Session Chair, and a Virtual Party Servant. All these rolesrequire human-level socially emotional functionality and can be implemented using one approach, which is based on theemotional Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture (eBICA). At the core of the model is a semantic map of humanemotional states. Interaction modalities include facial expression, gaze and other body language, voice intonation, and thesentiment of verbal content of communications - using both recognition and expression technologies for each modality.Paradigms involve establishment and maintenance of believable socially emotional contact with a human participant. Theconference BICA*AI 2020 (https://bica2020.bicasociety.org) is used as a testbed. Support: Russian Science FoundationGrant #18-11-00336.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mq214zv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samsonovich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Research Nuclear University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Eidlin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Research Nuclear University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daria", "middle_name": "V.", "last_name": "Tikhomirova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Research Nuclear University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30055/galley/19909/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30078, "title": "An empirical estimate of the dimensionality of face space", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Learned generative models of human identity and appearance are typically high dimensional. However, social perceptionof faces is low dimensional. What is the dimensionality of face space in the mind of an observer? To estimate thisdimensionality, we begin with a simple observation: for any given person, there are many unrelated people who looksimilar to them. Next, we note that the very concept of strong resemblance exists only in low-dimensional spaces; inhigh-dimensional spaces, even nearest neighbors are far apart. Therefore, face space is of low dimensionality. How low?Using the scaling relationship between dimensionality and nth-nearest-neighbor distances, we empirically estimate thedimensionality of face space by measuring the ratio of JNDs between random pairs of faces and faces paired with theirnearest neighbors. We empirically estimate this ratio to be 0.76 [0.73, 0.79; 90% CI], which implies a dimensionality ofhuman face space between 7 and 12 dimensions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 3", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8qg1255v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jared", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pincus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stevens Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Suchow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stevens Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30078/galley/19932/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29631, "title": "An empirical investigation of adaptive search in problem solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Using a novel dataset from the TopCoder platform we investigate solvers search for solutions as well as the role of expertisein shaping their problem solving process. We find that while some solvers on the platform do act according to the win-stay, lose-shift rule, skilled solvers are less likely to rely on this meta-heuristic. Somewhat counter-intuitively we find thatexperts make more smaller changes, that is, they change their solutions more often than non-experts, but when they do,they make smaller changes. This can be explained by the fact that experts seem to be able to come up with a good problemrepresentation early on, that doesnt require large adjustments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vq5h70d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "oana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "vuculescu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Niklas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stausberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rinat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sergeev", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haylee", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29631/galley/19489/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30128, "title": "A Neural Network Model of Lexical Competitionduring Infant Spoken Word Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Visual world studies show that upon hearing a word in a target-absent visual context containing related and unrelated items,toddlers and adults briefly direct their gaze towards phonolog-ically related items, before shifting towards semantically andvisually related ones. We present a neural network model thatprocesses dynamic unfolding phonological representations andmaps them to static internal semantic and visual representa-tions. The model, trained on representations derived from realcorpora, simulates this early phonological over semantic/visualpreference. Our results support the hypothesis that incremen-tal unfolding of a spoken word is in itself sufficient to ac-count for the transient preference for phonological competi-tors over both unrelated and semantically and visually relatedones. Phonological representations mapped dynamically in abottom-up fashion to semantic-visual representations capturethe early phonological preference effects reported in a visualworld task. The semantic-visual preference observed later insuch a trial does not require top-down feedback from a seman-tic or visual system.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "language; neuro-computational models; develop-ment; visual world task; phonology; semantics; cohort effects;machine learning; lexical competition; spoken word recogni-tion; attention." } ], "section": "Papers accepted as Talks, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5407990p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mihaela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Plunkett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30128/galley/19982/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29737, "title": "A Neural Network Model of the Effect of Prior Experience with Regularities onSubsequent Category Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A popular dual systems theory of category learning argues thatthe structure of categories in perceptual space determines themechanisms that drive learning. However, less attention hasbeen paid to the nature of the perceptual dimensions definingthe categories. Researchers typically assume that there is adirect, linear relationship between experimenter-definedphysical input dimensions and learners’ psychologicaldimensions, but this assumption is not always warranted.Through a set of simulations, we demonstrate that, based on thenature of prior experience, the psychological representations ofexperimenter-defined dimensions can place drastic constraintson category learning. We compare the model’s behavior toseveral human studies and make conclusions regarding thenature of the psychological representations of the dimensionsin those studies. These simulations support the conclusion thatthe nature of psychological representations is a critical aspectto understanding the mechanisms that drive category learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "neural network; perception; category learning;statistical regularities" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23g5k49g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Casey", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Roark", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Plaut", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Holt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29737/galley/19593/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29541, "title": "An evidence accumulation model of motivational and developmental influencesover sustained attention", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Sustaining focus is difficult, but it is under our control.Previous research has found that people’s ability to sustainattention depends on external incentives and changes overthe lifespan. However, previous research has made limitedprogress in characterizing the specific cognitive mechanismsinvolved in sustained attention. These mechanisms areinvestigated in the current experiment, which uses driftdiffusion modeling to re-analyze a series experiments onsustained attention. In Experiment 1, we found that incentivesinfluence information processing (noise) but not decisionstrategy (threshold). In Experiment 2, we found that noiseand threshold have distinct development trajectories, andthat while older adults have noisier accumulation, they arebetter at sustaining attention. These results help providemechanistic insight into recent findings in sustained attention.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "attention; drift diffusion; motivation; development" } ], "section": "Poster Session 1", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zx4d8ds", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Harrison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ritz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeGutis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Frank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Esterman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "VA Boston Healthcare System , Boston University School of Medicine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amitai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shenhav", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29541/galley/19401/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29511, "title": "A New Approach to Testimonial Conditionals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Conditionals pervade every aspect of our thinking, from themundane and everyday such as ‘if you eat too much cheese,you will have nightmares’ to the most fundamental concernsas in ‘if global warming isn’t halted, sea levels will rise dra-matically’. Many decades of research have focussed on thesemantics of conditionals and how people reason from condi-tionals in everyday life. Here it has been rather overlookedhow we come to such conditionals in the first place. In manycases, they are learned through testimony: someone warns usabout the ill-effects of cheese. Any full account of the condi-tional must consequently incorporate such learning. Here, weprovide a new formal account of belief change in response to atestimonial conditional.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Indicative conditional reasoning; testimony; beliefchange; probability" } ], "section": "Reasoning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ps3m19z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hartmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LMU Munich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ulrike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29511/galley/19371/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29805, "title": "An Investigation of the Multilingual and Bi-dialectal Advantage in Executive\nControl", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We examined the effect of speaking more than one language\n(multilingualism) or two dialects of the same language (bi-\ndialectalism) on executive control (EC) by administering seven\nEC tasks to 46 multilingual, 72 bi-dialectal and 47 monolingual\nyoung adults. We used the EC model of Miyake, Friedman,\nEmerson, Witzki, Howerter and Wager (2000) according to\nwhich EC comprises three components: working memory,\ntask-switching and inhibition. We also tested two theoretical\nviews regarding the locus of the bilingual advantage: first, that\nbilingualism affects specific EC components and, second, that\nbilingualism has a more general effect on the whole EC\nnetwork. Miyake et al.’s (2000) model was a good fit to our EC\ndata. We also found that both multilinguals and bi-dialectals\nhad significantly higher EC scores than monolinguals.\nMoreover, both the multilingual and the bi-dialectal advantage\nwas found in overall EC ability and could not be attributed to\na specific EC component.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "bilingualism; multilingualism; bi-dialectalism;\ntypological distance; executive control; dialects" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6755q2tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kyriakos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antoniou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cyprus", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spanoudis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cyprus", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29805/galley/19659/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29868, "title": "An investigation of the origin of logical quantification: infants and adultsrepresentations of collective and distributive actions in complex visual scenes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The human mind can compress visual experiences via universal quantification, expressed with the words All and Each.We tested adults and infants representations underlying the tracking of collectively-exhaustive actions or distributively-exhaustive actions. In Experiment 1, adults spontaneously used the word All to describe movies where agents all pursueda single ball together and Each for those where each agent chased its own ball. Crucially, the use of Each, but not of All,significantly decreased when there were more than 3 chasers, suggesting that Each piggybacked on the representation ofdiscrete individuals, while All on the representation of a single collective event. In Experiment 2, infants habituated to theAll movies successfully dishabituated to the Each movies and vice versa, when the chasers were 3. These findings begin tosuggest that the representations of collectively-exhaustive and distributively-exhaustive actions that connect with naturallanguage quantifiers are in place early in life.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dp90976", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicolo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cesana-Arlotti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Knowlton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lidz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Justin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Halberda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29868/galley/19722/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29843, "title": "A Novel Quantum Approach to the Dynamics of Decision Making", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present a new quantum-markovian model of two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) decision-making. We treatthe decision-making process as an accumulation of evidencebetween two competing alternatives, analogous to the drift dif-fusion model (DDM), in which the stimulus acts as a gener-ative process, emitting bits of information that are treated asquantum particles. The particles are acted on by a landscapedetermined by the agent’s experience with the task or stimu-lus, signal strength, and allocated cognitive control. We de-rive closed form expressions for success rates under both theinterrogation and free response paradigms. Under the free re-sponse paradigm, we show that this model reduces to a Markovprocess with closed form response time (RT) distributions thattake the form of inverse gaussians (IGs) with periodic noisecharacteristic to the task set. In the limit of long RT, the RTdistributions become smooth, recovering true IG distributionsanalogous to the standard DDM.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "DDM; quantum cognition; markov decision-making; 2AFC" } ], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nq932zk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Morgan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosendahl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anastasia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bizyaeva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29843/galley/19697/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 30153, "title": "A Novel Target Detection Task Using Artificial Stimuli: The Effect of Familiarity.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper we demonstrate that a target detection taskis facilitated when the background on which the targetis presented is a familiar one, even though the targetappears at a random location. We compare performancein that condition with one where the background israndomly generated and establish a significantdifference between these two versions of the task interms of both d’ and criterion, C. We also go on to lookat the effect of a tDCS procedure that we know to affectdiscrimination performance on this difference,discovering that it seems to reduce or reverse thedifference in criterion for these two conditions. Weascribe this effect to the neurostimulation manipulationshifting the distribution of information used to reach adecision", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Associative learning; Perceptual Learning; Error-based Modulation of Salience" }, { "word": "target detection" } ], "section": "Papers accepted as Posters, appearing in proceedings only", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16t1p38x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rossy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McLaren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ciro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Civile", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cooke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "P.L.", "last_name": "McLaren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/30153/galley/20007/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 29755, "title": "Antarjami: Exploring psychometric evaluation through a computer-based game", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A number of questionnaire based psychometric testing frameworks are globally for example OCEAN (Five factor) indi-cator, MBTI (Myers Brigg Type Indicator) etc. However, questionnaire based psychometric tests have some known short-comings. This work explores whether these shortcomings can be mitigated through computer-based gaming platforms forevaluating psychometric parameters. A computer based psychometric game framework called Antarjami has been devel-oped for evaluating OCEAN (Five factor) indicators . It investigates the feasibility of extracting psychometric parametersthrough computer-based games, utilizing underlying improvements in the area of modern artificial intelligence. The can-didates for the test are subjected to a number scenarios as part of the computer based game and their reactions/responsesare used to evaluate their psychometric parameters. As part of the study, the parameters obtained from the game werecompared with those evaluated using paper based tests and scores given by a panel of psychologists. The achieved resultswere very promising.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Poster Session 2", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb1401z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anirban", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lahiri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arndit Ltd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Utanko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sunreeta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arndit Ltd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mreenal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chakraborty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arndit Ltd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kleiman-Weiner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rajlakshmi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pabitra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anupam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Basu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Partha", "middle_name": "Pratim", "last_name": "Chakraborty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2020-01-02T03:30:00+09:30", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/29755/galley/19610/download/" } ] } ] }