Article List
API Endpoint for journals.
GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=25200
{ "count": 39542, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=25300", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=25100", "results": [ { "pk": 35373, "title": "Frozen By the Hot Zone", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Joanna Radin explores the role of the “hot zone” in immobilizing people, blood and information.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nh7q8t8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Radin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-19T15:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35373/galley/26272/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35376, "title": "Global Health Doesn’t Exist", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Global health is like the viruses it claims to be combatting; Theresa MacPhail explains how.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/354792nf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Theresa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "MacPhail", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-19T15:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35376/galley/26275/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35375, "title": "Medical Vulnerability, or Where There Is No Kit", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Where there is no kit and no infrastructure, there is vulnerability. Peter Redfield explores the role of medical humanitarian response in the Ebola crisis.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6938b6m5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Redfield", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-19T15:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35375/galley/26274/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35372, "title": "The Disease that Emerged", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Lyle Fearnley explores how global preparedness for emerging diseases left some places unprepared.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99p5d2f2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lyle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fearnley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-19T15:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35372/galley/26271/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59981, "title": "CAUTION-Contains Extremely Offensive Material: \nDavid Wojnarowicz V. American Family Association\n, The Visual Artists Rights Act, and A Proposal To Expand Fair Use To Include Artists’ Moral-Rights", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[no abstract]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zd4m547", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leggin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-19T18:37:17-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-19T18:37:17-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-19T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/59981/galley/45939/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59980, "title": "The Spotify Paradox: How the Creation of a Compulsory License Scheme for Streaming On-Demand Music Platforms Can Save the Music Industry", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[no abstract]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n4322vm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Richardson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-19T18:33:53-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-19T18:33:53-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-19T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/59980/galley/45938/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39405, "title": "Some Thoughts on the Notion of Environmental Information Science", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Environmental information is important for understanding how our planet is changing and what is the role of human activities in the process of these changes. Access to quality environmental information is crucial for developing relevant policies and appropriate practical responses for the global and regional environmental problems. Environmental information systems have been developed for many years to facilitate environmental information creation, organization and access; however the boundaries of environmental information research are beyond dealing with just the \nsystems\n and can cover various topics under the broad discipline of \nenvironmental information science\n. This article reviews the concept of the \nscience\n of environmental information and the topics that might be included in it.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "none", "short_name": "none", "text": "", "url": "https://escholarship.org/terms" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Information science, Information systems, Environmental information" }, { "word": "Interdisciplinary Research" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gf436fm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yousefi-Sahzabi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kyuro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sasaki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Hossein", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yousefi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-10T13:48:19-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-10T13:48:19-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T16:04:29-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/egj/article/39405/galley/29748/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35377, "title": "Ebola, Chimeras, and Unexpected Speculation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Alex Nading explains how brincidofovir's path to the front lines of the Ebola crisis underscores the contingent, speculative, “chimeric” nature of contemporary global health.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-SA 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ms2h5fg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nading", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-18T15:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/limn/article/35377/galley/26276/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59120, "title": "Abandoned Planet", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8p88v7f3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nisha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Balabhadra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:06:08-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:06:08-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59120/galley/45141/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59127, "title": "An Interview with Dr. Kirn: The Three-way Battle between the Tumor, the Immune System and the Oncolytic Virus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Interviews", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08m4t2jz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Harshika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chowdhary", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Selene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Manraj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Georgia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kirn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:19:37-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:19:37-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59127/galley/45148/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59130, "title": "An Interview with Professor Dudley: From Fearless Flyers to Alcoholic Apes: A Discussion on Extremes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Interviews", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tq306t1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Harshika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chowdhary", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Selene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Manraj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:24:25-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:24:25-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59130/galley/45151/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59128, "title": "An Interview with Professor Eliot Quataert: The Formation of Black Holes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Interviews", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rf12732", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Manraj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Georgia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kirn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nuckolls", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Saavan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:21:34-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:21:34-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59128/galley/45149/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59129, "title": "An Interview with Professor Siddiqi: Quantum Scale Measurements", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Interviews", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xp5h2zf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Manraj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nuckolls", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Saavan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:22:47-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:22:47-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59129/galley/45150/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59131, "title": "Decelluarization and Reseeding of Porcine Colon with Human CaCo-2 Cells for Whole-Scale Organ Engineering Applications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A new approach to whole-scale organ engineering is the seeding of stem cells upon a decellularized scaffold of a desired organ. Current efforts seek to use this method for whole-scale organ engineering. Here, we report a novel decellularizationrecellularization approach to engineering a human colonic graft with human enterocytes and xenogeneic scaffold. Porcine colon tissue was decellularized with protein-solubilizing agents and recellularized by incubation with Caco-2. Immunohistochemistry, DNA staining, and SEM were used to study the effects upon the scaffold. Exposure to 2%SDS-0.5%Triton solution for four hours resulted in the best decellularization and preservation of microstructure, while tissues treated with 2%SDS-0.5%Triton and 0.05%Trypsin/EDTA supported the best recellularization. Our method provides a potential strategy for streamlined regeneration of a viable colonic lumen from xenogeneic and allogeneic sources while maintaining colon microstructure and potential for recellularization.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Research", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3b0743s3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Haduong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rahul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nayak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Suh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vinay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Viswanadham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:28:29-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:28:29-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59131/galley/45152/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59117, "title": "Extremes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Cover", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9p03c5z1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jingting", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T02:59:29-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T02:59:29-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59117/galley/45138/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59125, "title": "Fear: A Blessing and Curse", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9cp6x7nd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shruti", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:16:29-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:16:29-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59125/galley/45146/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59124, "title": "Gamma Ray Bursts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6br3d8zp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bennett", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stahl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:15:17-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:15:17-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59124/galley/45145/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59123, "title": "Gut Microbiota: Little Things Making a Big Difference", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wk9483c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eiman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kazi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:13:58-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:13:58-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59123/galley/45144/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59122, "title": "High-Energy Plasma Fusion", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56m9c8j3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karthik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guruangan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:09:50-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:09:50-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59122/galley/45143/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59119, "title": "Longevity with Dignity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n4987xm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:03:34-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:03:34-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59119/galley/45140/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59132, "title": "Simple Shape Learning of the Two Stomatopod Species: Haptosquilla trispinosa and Pseudosquilla ciliata", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Current climate conditions and anthropogenic activities have resulted in coral cover homogenization, reef structural complexity simplifications, prey item decline. Recognizing changes in shape, especially in a visually-dominant organism, can assist in dealing with these reef structure changes and prey availability loss. I examined the ability of two stomatopod species: Haptosquilla trispinosa and Pseudosquilla ciliata to learn to distinguish between a circle and a square, using simple food conditioning techniques for 30 days and 15 days, respectively, including a priming period of 10 days per group. Both H. trispinosa and P. ciliata groups were conditioned to the circle. Each group had four individuals. H. trispinosa’s total number of responses decreased over time, with an increase in correct responses and decrease in incorrect responses. This trend indicates the presence of shape discrimination learning as well as test learning. P. ciliata had a higher percentage of correct responses across all time blocks in comparison to H. trispinosa due to their differing predator tactics. P. ciliata are spearers, ambush predators that rely on quick information intake to surprise prey, while H. trispinosa are smashers, foraging predators that depend on repetitive impacting motions to stun/ kill prey. More behavioral studies need to be conducted to assess the stomatopod’s ability to cope with current environmental conditions, but there is clear visual discriminatory learning capability in this organism that can assist in flexible adaptations.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Research", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/39x1f12j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kristen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Caldwell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:30:01-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:30:01-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59132/galley/45153/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59118, "title": "Table of Contents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95g6v7bb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jingting", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:01:21-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:01:21-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59118/galley/45139/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59126, "title": "The Dangers of Sleep Deprivation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rm0w4bb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nithya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lingampalli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:17:23-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:17:23-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59126/galley/45147/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59121, "title": "The Science of Cryogenics", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Features", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7089f729", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Catrini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-18T03:08:27-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-18T03:08:27-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-18T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59121/galley/45142/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48002, "title": "A Study on the Relationship between Theater Arts and Student Literacy and Mathematics Achievement", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Past studies have shown the existence of positive relationships between the arts and academic achievement when the arts are integrated into language arts, as well as mathematics and science. This study employed a multi-stage cluster randomized design in which the effects of infusing process drama into a traditional language arts curriculum are investigated. The study sample consists of sixth and seventh grade students enrolled in a high poverty urban school district. Study findings indicate that students in arts integrated classrooms tend to outperform their counterparts in both math and language arts. The authors conjecture that the arts reinforce theories that view student learning as a process of transmediation between different modes of making meaning.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Theater Arts" }, { "word": "Arts Integration" }, { "word": "Literacy and Math Achievement" }, { "word": "critical literacy" }, { "word": "Multi-modal Literacy" }, { "word": "Transmediation" }, { "word": "theory of change" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sk1t3rx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rafael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Inoa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sametric Research,\nResearch Analyst\nPetrocelli College, Fairleigh Dickinson University,\nAdjunct Professor", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gustave", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weltsek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Adjunct Assistant Professor & Drama and Theater Education Licensing Supervisor,\nIndiana University\nChair of Arts and Humanities, \nCollege of Fine Arts, Ivytech Community College", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Carmine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tabone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jersey City-based Educational Arts Team,\nExecutive Director", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-08-13T13:02:27-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-08-13T13:02:27-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-17T17:35:14-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48002/galley/36141/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8469, "title": "Feasibility of Tablet Computer Screening for Opioid Abuse in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nTablet computer-based screening may have the potential for detecting patients at risk for opioid abuse in the emergency department (ED). Study objectives were a) to determine if the revised Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain (SOAPP®-R), a 24-question previously paper-based screening tool for opioid abuse potential, could be administered on a tablet computer to an ED patient population; b) to demonstrate that >90% of patients can complete the electronic screener without assistance in <5 minutes and; c) to determine patient ease of use with screening on a tablet computer.\nMethods: \nThis was a cross-sectional convenience sample study of patients seen in an urban academic ED. SOAPP®-R was programmed on a tablet computer by study investigators. Inclusion criteria were patients ages ≥18 years who were being considered for discharge with a prescription for an opioid analgesic. Exclusion criteria included inability to understand English or physical disability preventing use of the tablet.\nResults: \n93 patients were approached for inclusion and 82 (88%) provided consent. Fifty-two percent (n=43) of subjects were male; 46% (n=38) of subjects were between 18-35 years, and 54% (n=44) were >35 years. One hundred percent of subjects completed the screener. Median time to completion was 148 (interquartile range 117.5-184.3) seconds, and 95% (n=78) completed in <5 minutes. 93% (n=76) rated ease of completion as very easy.\nConclusions: \nIt is feasible to administer a screening tool to a cohort of ED patients on a tablet computer. The screener administration time is minimal and patient ease of use with this modality is high. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Screening, Technology, Tablet Computer, Opioid Abuse" } ], "section": "Population Health Research Design", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1p4432zh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Weiner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Horton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Traci", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Green", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island; Inflexxion, Inc. Newton, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Butler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Inflexxion, Inc. Newton, Massachusetts", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-07-29T14:01:07-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-07-29T14:01:07-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-17T14:43:48-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8469/galley/4892/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43667, "title": "Acute Hepatotoxicity: A Complication of Chaparral Ingestion", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1896t7q7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tangchaivang", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Rumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cader", "name_suffix": "M.D., MPH, FACP", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-17T12:39:55-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43667/galley/32472/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62680, "title": "An Evaluation of Otolith Thermal Marking at the Feather River Hatchery, California", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "California’s Feather River Hatchery (FRH) propagates two runs of Chinook salmon (\nOncorhynchus tshawytscha\n): spring run and fall run. Loss of spawning habitat and historical hatchery practices have led to introgression of these runs. Recent efforts to reform hatchery operations at the FRH are focused on reducing introgression and increasing the proportion of natural-origin spawners in the broodstock. Implementing these reforms, however, requires a means of distinguishing FRH fish from natural-origin fish, and FRH spring-run fish from FRH fall-run fish. Coded-wire tagging and parentage-based genetic tagging can be used for this purpose, but are labor-intensive and expensive. Otolith thermal marking (OTM) is a 100% marking technique widely used in the Pacific Northwest, Alaska, and Russia that can be effective and relatively inexpensive. We initiated an OTM program at the FRH in 2005 to determine its viability as a 100% marking tool for a hatchery with an annual production goal of 10 million smolts. Our analysis of otoliths collected from returning adults at the FRH demonstrated that OTM could be successfully applied to identify the origin (FRH or natural) and, for FRH fish, the run type (spring run or fall run). Otoliths collected between 2009 and 2011 show run-type mixing between 12% to 20% in both spring-run and fall-run FRH broodstock. Additionally, results suggest natural-spawner contribution to hatchery broodstock is very low (<1% to 10%). OTM may provide another way to reduce the rate of introgression between FRH spring-run and fall-run Chinook salmon, and increasing the proportion of natural origin spawners in hatchery broodstock, both of which should improve the long-term viability of FRH spring-run and fall-run Chinook salmon.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Salmon, Fall-run, Spring-run, Otolith Thermal Marking, Broodstock, Hatchery Management, Introgression, Natural Origin, Bias." } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48c0c00k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mercer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California Department of Water Resources", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kurth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California Department of Water Resources", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-05-05T18:14:38-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-05-05T18:14:38-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-17T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62680/galley/48374/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62667, "title": "Dispersion Mechanisms of a Tidal River Junction in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In branching channel networks, such as in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, junction flow dynamics contribute to dispersion of ecologically important entities such as fish, pollutants, nutrients, salt, sediment, and phytoplankton. Flow transport through a junction largely arises from velocity phasing in the form of divergent flow between junction channels for a portion of the tidal cycle. Field observations in the Georgiana Slough junction, which is composed of the North and South Mokelumne rivers, Georgiana Slough, and the Mokelumne River, show that flow phasing differences between these rivers arise from operational, riverine, and tidal forcing. A combination of Acoustic Doppler Current Profile (ADCP) boat transecting and moored ADCPs over a spring–neap tidal cycle (May to June 2012) monitored the variability of spatial and temporal velocity, respectively. Two complementary drifter studies enabled assessment of local transport through the junction to identify small-scale intrajunction dynamics. We supplemented field results with numerical simulations using the SUNTANS model to demonstrate the importance of phasing offsets for junction transport and dispersion. Different phasing of inflows to the junction resulted in scalar patchiness that is characteristic of MacVean and Stacey’s (2011) advective tidal trapping. Furthermore, we observed small-scale junction flow features including a recirculation zone and shear layer, which play an important role in intra-junction mixing over time scales shorter than the tidal cycle (i.e., super-tidal time scales). The study period spanned open- and closed-gate operations at the Delta Cross Channel. Synthesis of field observations and modeling efforts suggest that management operations related to the Delta Cross Channel can strongly affect transport in the Delta by modifying the relative contributions of tidal and riverine flows, thereby changing the junction flow phasing.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Junction dispersion, flow phasing, tidal trapping, super-tidal time scales, Delta Cross Channel" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6js9z7bc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karla", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Gleichauf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phillip", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Wolfram", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory,\nStanford University and\n\nClimate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modeling (COSIM), Theoretical Division (T-3),\nLos Alamos National Laboratory", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nancy", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Monsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory,\nStanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Oliver", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Fringer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory,\nStanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Monismith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory,\nStanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-18T19:43:41-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-18T19:43:41-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-17T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62667/galley/48367/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62671, "title": "Physically Based Modeling of Delta Island Consumptive Use: Fabian Tract and Staten Island, California", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Water use estimation is central to managing most water problems. To better understand water use in California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, a collaborative, integrated approach was used to predict Delta island diversion, consumption, and return of water on a more detailed temporal and spatial resolution. Fabian Tract and Staten Island were selected for this pilot study based on available data and island accessibility. Historical diversion and return location data, water rights claims, LiDAR digital elevation model data, and Google Earth were used to predict island diversion and return locations, which were tested and improved through ground-truthing. Soil and land-use characteristics as well as weather data were incorporated with the Integrated Water Flow Model Demand Calculator to estimate water use and runoff returns from input agricultural lands. For modeling, the islands were divided into grid cells forming subregions, representing fields, levees, ditches, and roads. The subregions were joined hydrographically to form diversion and return watersheds related to return and diversion locations. Diversions and returns were limited by physical capacities. Differences between initial model and measured results point to the importance of seepage into deeply subsided islands. The capabilities of the models presented far exceeded current knowledge of agricultural practices within the Delta, demonstrating the need for more data collection to enable improvements upon current Delta Island Consumptive Use estimates.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, consumptive use, modeling, DICU, IDC" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3t82s21b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lucas", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Siegfried", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Watershed Sciences\nDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering\nUniversity of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fleenor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Watershed Sciences\nDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering\nUniversity of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Lund", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Watershed Sciences\nDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering\nUniversity of California, Davis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-01-04T16:21:32-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-01-04T16:21:32-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-17T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62671/galley/48370/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39371, "title": "Initiating Sustainable Behavior: Feel Good for Doing Good", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigated if alteration of cues and rewards of people at a university workout center could impact water bottle disposal behaviors. Using a Social Cognitive Theory model, two 8-week interventions were conducted. After a baseline was determined, educational signs were posted and then environmental changes were made to affect on awareness and cognition. Results recorded changes from a baseline proportion 73.2% of recyclable plastic and glass bottles disposed of in garbage cans to 26.8% in the recycling bins to 26.1% of the bottles in the garbage cans and 73.9% in the recycling bins after the interventions. Surveys also suggested supportive cognitive changes. The simple interventions used to nurture, support and reinforce pro-environmental behaviors would not only lower garbage costs, research indicates these actions also improve morale, well-being, and public image. This study documents destructive waste habits can be changed toward positive recycling behaviors with proper support and design.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "none", "short_name": "none", "text": "", "url": "https://escholarship.org/terms" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Recycling, Sustainability, Habits, behavior" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4v45933k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Craig", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Becker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East Carolina University\nHealth Education & Promotion\nGreenville, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ayscue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East Carolina University\nSustainable Tourism\nGreenville, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "Janell", "last_name": "Brockett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East Carolina University\nHealth Education & Promotion\nGreenville, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scarola", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East Carolina University\nHealth Education & Promotion\nGreenville, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kelley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East Carolina University\nHealth Education & Promotion\nGreenville, NC", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-01-22T21:22:12-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-01-22T21:22:12-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-17T02:11:29-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/egj/article/39371/galley/29726/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43694, "title": "Right-sided Endocarditis in the Setting of a Ventricular Septal Defect and Patent Foramen Ovale", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hw0c264", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shilpa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Agrawal", "name_suffix": "B.S.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Kamran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shamsa", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-16T13:22:40-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43694/galley/32499/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41615, "title": "Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, part IV: The anomalodesmatans", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The late Eocene–early Oligocene Keasey Formation in Northwestern Oregon contains a unique fauna of deep-water (>200 m) marine bivalves preserved in sparsely fossiliferous massive tuffaceous siltstone as well as in several distinctive cold-seep limestone bodies and carbonate layers. The Keasey gastropod fauna has been described previously, but this treatment of the anomalodesmatan bivalves is the first systematic account for any portion of the bivalve fauna. Cenozoic evolutionary radiation and history of anomalodesmatans is less well known than their deep Paleozoic and Mesozoic history. Because internal relationships are not well resolved, ranked classification is not used above the family level, while recognizing that these rare and unusual bivalves do represent a monophyletic assemblage nested within the basal heterodonts. Six species in four anomalodesmatan families in the Keasey Formation shed new light on the Cenozoic history of the group as well as the Eocene appearance of precursors of the living deep-water fauna of the northeastern Pacific. The families represented are Pandoridae, Thraciidae, Periplomatidae, and Cuspidariidae. The new species are \nPandora eocapsella\n, \nThracia keaseyensis\n, \nCardiomya anaticepsella\n, and \nCardiomya pavascotti\n. \nAperiploma?\n n. sp. is described in open nomenclature pending discovery of additional and more complete material. Although shells are frequently crushed and the exterior shell layers are often poorly preserved, the interior nacre is distinctive, well-preserved and useful for recognizing fragments in the field. Characteristic anomalodesmatan granules are well preserved on many specimens of the new thraciid, and the fine-grained matrix at some localities preserves shell features on external molds where no original shell material remains. High-resolution images of uncoated shell encourage greater attention to collection of fragments and imperfect specimens in the fine-grained deep-water facies on the active margin of the Pacific.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "eocene" }, { "word": "Oligocene" }, { "word": "bathyal" }, { "word": "nacre" }, { "word": "biomineralization" }, { "word": "Active margin" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vf3t60q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carole", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Hickman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-16T19:32:09-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-16T19:32:09-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-16T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41615/galley/31153/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8522, "title": "Ultrafest: A Novel Approach to Ultrasound in Medical Education Leads to Improvement in Written and Clinical Examinations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nOur objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of hands-on training at a bedside ultrasound (US) symposium (“Ultrafest”) to improve both clinical knowledge and image acquisition skills of medical students. Primary outcome measure was improvement in multiple choice questions on pulmonary or Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) US knowledge. Secondary outcome was improvement in image acquisition for either pulmonary or FAST. \nMethods:\n Prospective cohort study of 48 volunteers at “Ultrafest,” a free symposium where students received five contact training hours. Students were evaluated before and after training for proficiency in either pulmonary US or FAST. Proficiency was assessed by clinical knowledge through written multiple-choice exam, and clinical skills through accuracy of image acquisition. We used paired sample t-tests with students as their own controls. \nResults:\n Pulmonary knowledge scores increased by a mean of 10.1 points (95% CI [8.9-11.3], p<0.00005), from 8.4 to a posttest average of 18.5/21 possible points. The FAST knowledge scores increased by a mean of 7.5 points (95% CI [6.3-8.7] p<0.00005), from 8.1 to a posttest average of 15.6/ 21. We analyzed clinical skills data on 32 students. The mean score was 1.7 pretest and 4.7 posttest of 12 possible points. Mean improvement was 3.0 points (p<0.00005) overall, 3.3 (p=0.0001) for FAST, and 2.6 (p=0.003) for the pulmonary US exam. \nConclusion:\n This study suggests that a symposium on US can improve clinical knowledge, but is limited in achieving image acquisition for pulmonary and FAST US assessments. US training external to official medical school curriculum may augment students’ education. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound, education, medical education, medical student, symposium, sonography" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q22q92v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kiah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Connolly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lancelot", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Langdorf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Craig", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Fox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-09-08T16:39:02-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-09-08T16:39:02-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-15T17:17:01-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8522/galley/4914/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8621, "title": "Reply to Comments Regarding “Using Lean-Based Systems Engineering to Increase Capacity in the Emergency Department”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "N/A", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Discourse on Integrating Emergency Care and Population Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6sk9t05p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "White", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Yuchiao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Beth", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Grabowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "F.M.", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-11-25T16:00:37-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-11-25T16:00:37-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-15T16:00:46-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8621/galley/4963/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8587, "title": "Comments on \"Using Lean-Based Systems Engineering to Increase Capacity in the Emergency Department\"", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Health Policy" } ], "section": "Discourse on Integrating Emergency Care and Population Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cs989jv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vermeulen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Schull", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Canada", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-23T10:11:19-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-23T10:11:19-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-15T15:45:43-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8587/galley/4952/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8607, "title": "Polysubstance Abuse: Alcohol, Opioids and Benzodiazepines Require Coordinated Engagement by Society, Patients, and Physicians", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has published significant data trends related to substance abuse involving opioid pain relievers (OPR), benzodiazepines and alcohol in the United States. The CDC describes opioid misuse and abuse as an epidemic, with the use of OPR surpassing that of illicit drugs. Alcohol has also been a persistent problem and is associated with a number of emergency department visits and deaths independent of other substances. The use of these drugs in combination creates an additive effect with increased central nervous system suppression and a heightened risk of an overdose. We present a summary of the findings from the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) with commentary on strategies to combat prescription drug and alcohol abuse. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "substance abuse, alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines, patient engegement, medication management" } ], "section": "Behavioral Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20j1j7cf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Uzor", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Ogbu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Shahram", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lotfipour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bharath", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chakravarthy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-11-19T15:20:45-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-11-19T15:20:45-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-15T14:36:23-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8607/galley/4961/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8499, "title": "A Review of Lawsuits Related to Point-of-Care Emergency Ultrasound Applications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nNew medical technology brings the potential of lawsuits related to the usage of that new technology. In recent years the use of point-of-care (POC) ultrasound has increased rapidly in the emergency department (ED). POC ultrasound creates potential legal risk to an emergency physician (EP) either using or not using this tool. The aim of this study was to quantify and characterize reported decisions in lawsuits related to EPs performing POC ultrasound.\nMethods: \nWe conducted a retrospective review of all United States reported state and federal cases in the Westlaw database. We assessed the full text of reported cases between January 2008 and December 2012. EPs with emergency ultrasound fellowship training reviewed the full text of each case. Cases were included if an EP was named, the patient encounter was in the emergency department, the interpretation or failure to perform an ultrasound was a central issue and the application was within the American College of Emergency Physician (ACEP) ultrasound core applications. In order to assess deferred risk, cases that involved ultrasound examinations that could have been performed by an EP but were deferred to radiology were included.\nResults: \nWe identified five cases. All reported decisions alleged a failure to perform an ultrasound study or a failure to perform it in a timely manner. All studies were within the scope of emergency medicine and were ACEP emergency ultrasound core applications. A majority of cases (n=4) resulted in a patient death. There were no reported cases of failure to interpret or misdiagnoses.\nConclusion: \nIn a five-year period from January 2008 through December 2012, five malpractice cases involving EPs and ultrasound examinations that are ACEP core emergency ultrasound applications were documented in the Westlaw database. All cases were related to failure to perform an ultrasound study or failure to perform a study in a timely manner and none involved failure to interpret or misdiagnosis when using of POC ultrasound. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "point-of-care ultrasound" }, { "word": "Malpractice" }, { "word": "emergency physician" } ], "section": "Ethical and Legal Issues", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jz5x3w2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stolz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kathleen", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "O'Brien", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Global Health and Human Rights, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marc", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arizona, James E. Roger College of Law, Tucson, Arizona", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Winters-Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University, Washington College of Law, Washington DC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Blaivas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Francis Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Srikar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Adhikari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-08-20T19:38:01-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-08-20T19:38:01-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T21:36:23-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8499/galley/4904/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8227, "title": "Objective Structured Clinical Examinations Provide Valid Clinical Skills Assessment in Emergency Medicine Education", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nEvaluation of emergency medicine (EM) learners based on observed performance in the emergency department (ED) is limited by factors such as reproducibility and patient safety. EM educators depend on standardized and reproducible assessments such as the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). The validity of the OSCE as an evaluation tool in EM education has not been previously studied. The objective was to assess the validity of a novel management-focused OSCE as an evaluation instrument in EM education through demonstration of performance correlation with established assessment methods and case item analysis.\nMethods: \nWe conducted a prospective cohort study of fourth-year medical students enrolled in a required EM clerkship. Students enrolled in the clerkship completed a five-station EM OSCE. We used Pearson’s coefficient to correlate OSCE performance with performance in the ED based on completed faculty evaluations. Indices of difficulty and discrimination were computed for each scoring item.\nResults: \nWe found a moderate and statistically-significant correlation between OSCE score and ED performance score [r(239) =0.40, p<0.001]. Of the 34 OSCE testing items the mean index of difficulty was 63.0 (SD =23.0) and the mean index of discrimination was 0.52 (SD =0.21).\nConclusion: \nStudent performance on the OSCE correlated with their observed performance in the ED, and indices of difficulty and differentiation demonstrated alignment with published best-practice testing standards. This evidence, along with other attributes of the OSCE, attest to its validity. Our OSCE can be further improved by modifying testing items that performed poorly and by examining and maximizing the inter-rater reliability of our evaluation instrument. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47m6c9v0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wallenstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Douglas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ander", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-04-24T16:13:37-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-04-24T16:13:37-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T21:27:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8227/galley/4721/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43697, "title": "Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1ht1d4xn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hamed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nayeb-Hashemi", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Rimma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shaposhnikov", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-12T13:34:30-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43697/galley/32502/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65182, "title": "Antibiotic Resistance Factors and Alternatives to Antimicrobial Growth Factors within Animal Husbandry", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The repercussions of antibiotic resistance in humans give scientists a vivid picture of the effectsof microbial evolution. These repercussions can be felt economically and scientifically as thedemand for stronger antibiotics grows stronger, yet the availability for such an effect remainslow. Citizens must pay more money in order to access antibiotics from their healthcareproviders; however, if treatment is not completed, bacteria become increasingly immune toantibiotics, closing off pathways to new antibiotics that are able to combat the bacterialimmunity. Antibiotic resistance can stem from other areas aside from a doctor’s office, wherethey are used not only for treating bacterial infections, but antibiotics that are utilized also to killbacteria in agriculture and in animal husbandry, which remnants fall into the hands of theconsumer when they consume the animal product. This review therefore looks at severalmechanisms of such resistance transfer as well as alternatives to antibiotics to decrease theamount of antibiotic resistance in humans.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Antimicrobial Growth Factors (AGP), Integrons, Animal Husbandry" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88n8z86s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emory", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reyes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:43:56-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:43:56-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65182/galley/49944/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65166, "title": "A Phenomenal, Neurological, and Social Conscious Mind", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Many of those in the cognitive science community have neglected consciousness as atopic of rigorous scientific discourse, a neglect which resulted in the disjunction between thephilosophy and science of consciousness. Theorists or researchers often create a misconceptionfor consciousness by considering it exclusively as an abstract phenomenon without anygrounding in neurology. In doing so, they neglect consciousness’ rightful play alongside naturalorder. Others, in contrast, have considered consciousness solely by the neurology, aconsideration that fails to fully capture its robustness. Furthermore, many fail to recognize theimportance of the contingent social aspect of consciousness. Thus, by not closing this gap, thecommunity has created a dis-unified understanding of the most fundamental aspects of thehuman mind. As such, the solution to this so-called “hard problem of consciousness” is toaddress our limited conception of consciousness by bridging this gap between the contingentsocial, phenomenal, and neurological understandings of the mind.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9q0009cr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "Joseph S.", "last_name": "Montesa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:07:10-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:07:10-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65166/galley/49929/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65172, "title": "Diagnostic Issues and Gender Differences of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This literature review looks at different studies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and the findings on gender differences. Many studies have analyzed male and femaleADHD behaviors, cognitive functioning, IQ, task performance, and parent/teacher and selfreportedratings. Most studies have found that the results for gender differences vary due to thevarying sample selection methods that they use, which include clinical and community samples,sample size, culture, and age. Results have been compared, and most studies have shown thatsimply using one sample type limits the generalization of the results. Also, some studies focusedon different behaviors exhibited by and reported for children and adults with ADHD, and usedthose behaviors as a criteria for diagnosing and comparing and contrasting gender differences.Some of the main findings reported by most studies were that males externalize their ADHDbehaviors while females internalize theirs. Other studies have reported that females and maleswith ADHD show no impairment differences, but that they are significantly more impaired thanmales and females without ADHD. The discrepancies in these study findings are compared andevaluated on the significance that they have to the higher prevalence of ADHD in males, and suggestions on how to make future studies and diagnosis better are given.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/58k5s6pr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cecilia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Valdovinos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:19:44-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:19:44-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65172/galley/49934/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65173, "title": "Double Entendre: A Glimpse into the Meanings of Slave Songs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As seen in history, traditional slave songs also known as “Negro spirituals” have garnereda very significant role in African American culture and society. Historically, the tones andmelodies heard in the antebellum south were founded on the metamorphosis of African folklore,polytheism and consistent exposure to Eurocentric-Christianity. The forced cohabitation of bothcultures, African and European, produced a painful and yet rhythmic ode to spirituality andescapism. The allegorical duality of various hymns such as Steal away to Jesus and Go down,Moses, demonstrate the double entendre of lyric and diction as to illicit steadfastness and a senseof escape in the heart of the slave. Therefore, through double meaning and metaphor can saidNegro spirituals accurately address the cultural melancholy, optimism, entrapment and escape ofthis racially marginalized group.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4h3778q2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alexander", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:22:44-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:22:44-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65173/galley/49935/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65183, "title": "Durotaxis Directed Cell Migration for Enhanced Vascular Stent Endothelialization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Vascular stents often cause adverse physiological responses as a result of inadequate endothelialcoverage. The new generation of vascular stent designs includes substratums with nanopatternedtopographies that enhance cell functionality for rapid endothelialization. Quick endothelializationcan be achieved by promoting cell migration rate and guiding cell migration direction, factorsaccomplishable by durotaxis, stiffness directed cell motility. However, the stiffness gradientrequired to induce durotaxis has not yet been implemented in materials viable for vascular stents.Our objective is to improve upon existing stent designs through durotaxis by studyingendothelial cell migration on biodegradable chitosan modified with nanopatternedtopography and gradated stiffness. We will fabricate three nanostructured substrates with 400nm pitch rectangular grooves and ridges possessing different stiffness gradients of 1 Pa/um, 10Pa/um, and 100 Pa/um and seed them with human umbilical vein and human aortic endothelialcells. We expect our nanostructured substrates will outperform our only topographicallymodified (no stiffness gradient) control and flat surface control. The proposed study will not onlyoffer a potential solution for improved endothelialization but also offer a proof of concept forintegration of durotaxis to vascular stent designs..", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56b2w3ft", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Edwin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:45:21-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:45:21-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65183/galley/49945/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65175, "title": "Empowerment through Empathy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The field of subaltern studies emerges from the progression of historical studies and anintegration of indigenous literature and research into the formally recognized academic scope ofhistory. This integration is the beginning of a greater movement towards better understanding theperipheral sides of history, the stories of the marginalized. In this paper, I analyze the impact ofpost-colonial literature from the side of marginalized and its effect on our greater understandingof the universality of the human condition. I find that through balancing an understanding of therelationship between “center” and “periphery”, a strong sense of empathy emerges, stemmingfrom the ultimate transcendence between these two worlds through breaking down cultural andhistorical barriers and creating room for the voices that never had a chance to be heard but carrythe heaviest impact in harboring global unity.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97645071", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lovelace", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:27:21-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:27:21-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65175/galley/49937/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65170, "title": "Gender Cues and Acceptance of Supreme Court Decisions: An Experimental Study on Source Cues", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The issue of gender, politics, and the judiciary has widely been reviewed. Previous research hasobserved judges craft both gender motivated and other self interested decisions. Rather thanconducting an examination into possible gender motivated decision making; an experimentalinvestigation is employed to examine the acceptance rates of perceived gender motivateddecisions by the Supreme Court. This study employs the use of cues (information shortcuts)presented to participants as to the gender of the justice in a Supreme Court decision regardingwomen’s rights in order to measure differences in acceptance rates. It is theorized that arelationship exists between a perceived gender motivated decision and a decline in acceptancerates of specific decision; or in other words when it appears a judge is acting in a self interestedmanner through this will yield lower rates of publics’ acceptance of the Court’s decision. Theprevious theory is advanced further to suggest as to when a judge issues an opinion or behaves ina way that goes against general expectations the actions are perceived by the public to be morecredible. This is demonstrated in the study below which finds when a female Supreme CourtJustice issues a majority opinion that is against women’s rights the decision enjoys a statisticallysignificant greater rate of acceptance; than a male justice issuing the same decision. This findingparallels with previous research across multiple disciplines of political science, psychology, andcommunications on credibility of a communicator (Supreme Court Justice) and the use of a cue(gender).", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Supreme Court, gender, cues, source cues, communication, gender motivated, self interest, judicial decision making" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7348v3h6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kristen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Renberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:14:58-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:14:58-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65170/galley/49932/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65184, "title": "Human Adaptations: Free divers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Freediving has been around for thousands of years and was only way to dive until the inventionof oxygen tanks in the 19th century. Around the world, people dove for goods such as pearls, andtoday people freedive for sport. Divers stretch the limit of their body and mind’s capabilitiesthrough psychological adaptations from thermal, respiratory, and cardiovascular responses.Findings conclude that thermal adaptations are a similar process to cold adaptive response. Withthe implementation of wetsuits, this adaptation has disappeared. Other adaptations includerespiratory tolerance of the build up of carbon dioxide, different flows of gas exchange, andincreased lung volume capacity. Cardiovascular changes in freedivers are attributed to the divingresponse, or the innate animalistic ability to survive when in water. These innate responsesinclude: a decreased heartbeat, increased blood pressure, and decreased blood flow to the limbs.This response is more pronounced after only two weeks of breath-hold training. Freediving,although adaptive, is dangerous and causes issues ranging from dizziness to death. There aremany environmental adaptations, but little research and conclusive evidence of geneticadaptations involved.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nr3x6h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Troy", "middle_name": "Z.", "last_name": "Tournat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:47:04-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:47:04-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65184/galley/49946/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65176, "title": "John Locke cautions rhetoricians against the use of empty words", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "While John Locke presents a novel concept coined “empty words,” he minimallydescribes it in his essay “An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” originally published in1689, then re-printed in books like “The Rhetorical Tradition: Readings from Classical times tothe Present” by Bizzell and Herzberg. In addition, he daringly challenges the definition ofrhetoric and its relationship to the use of empty words. This essay attempts to define and exploresthe existence of empty words in the various definitions of rhetoric proposed by the followinggreat philosophers: Aristotle, Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, Francis Bacon, Longinus,Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (Quintilian), and of course John Locke.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "rhetoric, rhetorician, oratory, orator, empty words" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xp2w85b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tkachuk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:30:05-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:30:05-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65176/galley/49938/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65171, "title": "Longitudinal Study of Many Neurological Disorders’ Connections to Neuropsychological Impairments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The brain is what gives individuals their unique personality and cognitive ability, sowhen the brain is damaged, a person's cognitive capacity may also be damaged. The cognitiveimpairment is specific to the type of brain damage and can greatly vary from person to person.There has been no widespread convention for what tests have been used to analyze eachcognitive domain’s impairment, making it difficult to compare previous results stemming fromthe different neurological disorders. Our objective is to use a standardized battery of cognitivetests, taken on a large time scale, to analyze the effect that different brain disorders have on longtermcognitive ability and to assess the cognitive trends between a wide array of neurologicaldisorders and the connections that they have to each cognitive area. The study will track a largegroup of healthy subjects who have taken the standardized battery, the Cogstate Cognigramassessment. Should the subjects be diagnosed with any neurological disorder in the future, theywill be asked to retake the assessment at one-year intervals, collecting data on each cognitivedomain’s impairment and the status of the neurological damage. Our findings will advance thefield's understanding of the relationships between specific cognitive domains and theneurological disorders that impair them.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20s669rd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Reed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Urmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:16:44-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:16:44-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65171/galley/49933/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65164, "title": "Migrant Worker Serial Killer: Schizophrenia’s Effects on Violence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Migrant workers are susceptible to violence because they are viewed as easier targets dueto their lack of assets within their new land. Between February 1, 1971 and May 19, 1971 inSutter County, California 25 migrant workers were murdered by a man with schizophrenianamed Juan Vallejo Corona. Schizophrenia is a mental illness that is often explained by reducedemotional responses and lack of rationale within decision-making. Schizophrenia is prevalentwithin populations of individuals who have committed violent offenses. However, the reason theterm “schizophrenia” has a concrete definition today is because of the efforts historicalpsychologists such as Eugen Bleuler put in to determining it. “Schizophrenia” as a term hasdeveloped over time and its true meaning today can be understood through observing thedifferent brain systems connected with the illness. Conversely, many years ago the term wassolely understood by the Greek roots Schiz meaning to split and phrene meaning mind.Neuropsychological disturbances in this disorder can be attributed to abnormalities in the frontolimbicsystem, the brain region most responsible for negative emotional reaction to externalstimuli. Schizophrenia has been known to cause violent tendencies in people who are notnormally violent. Juan Corona murdered his victims with a machete and felt no remorse over hisactions. Like most serial killers he targeted a group of individuals who he believed to be vulnerable. These immigrants he murdered had limited resources in America, such as socialconnections and revenue. Since Corona was a labor contractor and the immigrants worked forhim he had a sense of power over them, which added to their vulnerability. This literature reviewfocuses on examining immigrant vulnerability and how Corona’s violent actions were productsof his schizophrenic illness.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Schizophrenia, Neuropsychological Disturbances, Migrants, violent Offenses, Machete, Yuba" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xd8v8hb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T01:02:13-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T01:02:13-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65164/galley/49927/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65168, "title": "Possible Social Deficit Improvement in the Autistic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Progressive alignment techniques can be utilized with clinically-diagnosed autistic childrento improve their social cognition, or, more specifically, their ability to recognize differentfacial expressions according to the associated feeling/emotion. Progressive alignmenttechniques (that involve comparison and categorization processes) have been shown tolead to changes in children’s representations of relational structure, allowing for them tomore easily identify more abstract features. In general, intensive, long-term, appliedbehavior treatment has already been shown to improve the cognitive, language, adaptive,and academic skills of children with autism. Further, other research has proven that theamygdala is also involved in the process of behavior reinforcement through rewards (orpositive reinforcement). This literature review, more specifically, aims to both A) supportthe idea that there is a positive correlation between progressive alignment methods andmildly autistic children with social deficits and B) demonstrate specific, potentialexperimental methods to support such a relationship", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6r86g5sx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vanessa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rafanan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:12:30-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:12:30-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65168/galley/49931/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65180, "title": "Regeneration of lost brain tissues by genetic manipulation of nou-darake in Schmidtea mediterranea planarians", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease,affect up to 40 million people worldwide. These diseases in humans work by slowly degradingneural structures, but some species, such as planarians, can combat such afflictions by theirrobust regenerative properties. While it is known that the progressive loss of neural structures arecommon in these diseases, it is not known whether regeneration of neural structures can restorethe brain as it was. Our objective is to inhibit nou-darake (ndk), a gene associated withectopic brain formation, in genetically modified Schmidtea mediterranea planarians andanalyze both partial and full neural regeneration. Our general strategy starts by thedevelopment of three different planarian models utilizing RNA interference (RNAi): (1) SmedTOR(RNAi)planarians which exhibit only wound-healing abilities similar to humans, (2) Smedapc(RNAi)planarians which have disrupted anterior-posterior (A-P) polarity regenerating onlyposterior ends after amputation, and (3) Smed-βcatenin-B(RNAi) planarians which have disruptedA-P polarity regenerating only anterior ends after amputation. Afterwards, each planarian modelwill be given Smed-ndk(RNAi) and observed intact and after amputation. The proposed study willnot only present detailed spatiotemporal images of neural regeneration in multiple planarianmodels, but propose the planarian as a model organism for future neurodegenerative research. Our goal is to further the understanding of both partial and full neural regeneration in order tobring forth new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ss9j9k6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carlos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gomez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:40:13-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:40:13-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65180/galley/49942/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65185, "title": "Rejection of the Westernization Model of Eating Disorders", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Current theory in clinical psychology holds that eating disorders (EDs) arise from theWestern ideal of bodily thinness (Keith, 2011, p. 214). If this is true, the growing prevalence ofEDs in non-Western countries likely follows from the expansion of Westernization and theWestern thinness ideal. However, if incorrect, this theory might adversely influence thediagnosis and treatment of non-Western patients with EDs who seek treatment from Westerndoctors. If culture influences the perception or definition of “normal” eating patterns, Westernphysicians might overlook culture-specific symptoms of non-Western patients. Indeed, much ofthe cross-cultural research on this subject compares populations based on only a few diagnostictests for ED symptoms, or studies Western populations from a Western viewpoint. The currentliterature evaluates past research on the validity of the Westernization model for EDs, as well asthe influence of this framework on testing measures.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8r67j38f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sandra", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:49:19-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:49:19-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65185/galley/49947/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65165, "title": "Same Sex Couples Influence Their Children: Sexual Orientation & Emotional Well Being", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The main purpose of this paper is to provide strong supporting reasons explaining how same sexparents do not influence their children’s sexual orientation and/or emotional well-being. Inaddition, the evidence supporting this claim demonstrates that the influence that same sex parentsdo have on their children is associated by how much love and support is given. Overall, thispaper will review background, context including specific information about same sex parents andif they influence their children’s sexual orientation and/or emotional well-being, and will providelimitations of these studies along.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0tk8t6sf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Reanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Karp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:03:00-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:03:00-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65165/galley/49928/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65178, "title": "Sleep Deprivation vs. Alcohol Consumption: Effects on Motor Skills", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper examines the motor impairment seen in sleep deprivation versus alcoholintoxication and determines if the two can be compared or not. There are two opposingideas in the current literature. The first is that alcohol intoxication and sleep deprivationcannot be compared, and the second idea is that the two can be compared. After using theUniversity of California, Merced’s Online Library database, PsycINFO, studies were foundthat compared motor impairment of subjects who were intoxicated to those who weresleep deprived. Through surveying all relevant articles, it was concluded that motorimpairment in sleep-deprived subjects and subjects that are intoxicated could becompared.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92n6d4h8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sasha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Datta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:35:03-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:35:03-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65178/galley/49940/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65179, "title": "The Misdiagnosis of the Doppelganger Diseases Understanding Similarities in Disease and Treatment by Infliximab", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Due to their frequent misidentification for other ailments, a lay audience is likely to be unfamiliar with Early-Onset Sarcoidosis (EOS) and Blau Syndrome (BS), their presentation, their nuances, or developments in their treatments. EOS and BS are two genetic disorders that have often gone misdiagnosed for other conditions such as Juvenile Arthritis or Sarcoidosis due to their similar presentations of granulomas and inflammation. While these two particular disorders confer the same symptoms as their counterparts, the causes for their mutations are subtly defined. It's only been in recent years that the true culprit causing these disorders has been found and addressed. Recent strides in medicine have been taken to properly identify these disorders from their imposters and treat their underlying causes. An antibody known as Infliximab has shown untapped potential in the treatment for EOS and BS. It was only until recently that doctors and researchers questioned Infliximab's ability to treat EOS and BS, as this antibody is well known for treating other inflammatory conditions such as Crohn’s Disease. Multiple case studies have shown promising efficacy when treating EOS and BS with Infliximab, often resulting in total reduction of symptoms when using Infliximab alone. Other case studies involving Sarcoidosis and Infliximab have produced little to no progress, further establishing the distinct differences between EOS and BS from their doppelgangers.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fc6p79c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gemellos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:37:29-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:37:29-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65179/galley/49941/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65174, "title": "The Predetermination of Class", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "No Abstract", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jj4075r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ignacia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chu-Jacoby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:25:14-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:25:14-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65174/galley/49936/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65181, "title": "Virtual Reality in the Medical Field", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The objective is to analyze the use of the emerging 3D computer technology of VirtualReality in the use of relieving pain in physically impaired conditions such as burn victims,amputees, and phantom limb patients, during therapy and medical procedures. Virtualtechnology generates a three dimensional visual virtual world in which enables interaction.Comparison will be made between the emerging technology of the Virtual Reality and methodsusually used, which are the use of medicine. Medicine have been the main use in relieving painin these surgical and medical procedures, however since people gain tolerance to the medicineand higher dosage could lead to addiction, therefore this method of Virtual Reality Technologyhave been developed in order to lessen the harmful effect and possibly improve in relieving thepain. The review will present the notable researches, clinical trials, and developments of thetechnology in the medical area. This paper will outline the research and current technology ofVirtual Reality technology and the role in modern health care. The review showed that theVirtual Reality technology is applicable in the modern healthcare and showed significantimprovement in pain reduction during the procedure. From the fast-paced development of newtechnology, much more improvements could be observed in the future.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0bs5p31h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Haruka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Motomatsu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:42:17-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:42:17-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65181/galley/49943/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65177, "title": "Water: The Future’s Fuel", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Fossil fuel burning vehicles contribute to atmospheric pollution and the continuoustemperature increase that affects the entire planet. This occurs because of the accumulation ofwhat are known as Green House Gases (GHGs), which are responsible for trapping the energy ofthe Sun here on Earth. Because the pool of GHGs is becoming denser due to the burning of fossilfuels, among other contributors, the amount of energy that is trapped consequently increases,resulting in an increase in planetary temperature (The Green House Effect). If the burning offossil fuels is responsible for the increase of GHGs in the atmosphere, the logical thing to do is tofind a substitute that does not produce GHGs. An obvious replacement is hydrogen (H2), a cleanburning gas with no GHGs as byproducts. The only thing hindering the transition to H2 is its’method of production. In today’s day and age, technology has finally reached a point wherewater (H2O) can be used for the production of H2, which makes it our fuel for the future.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31q17300", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carlos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Benavente", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-12T18:32:43-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-12T18:32:43-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-12T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65177/galley/49939/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8454, "title": "Bedside Echocardiography for Undifferentiated Hypotension: Diagnosis of a Right Heart Thrombus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A free-floating right heart thrombus is often a harbinger of a massive pulmonary embolism and must be diagnosed and treated rapidly in order to avoid significant adverse sequelae. We present the case of an 84-year-old female who presented with two days of dyspnea and was hypotensive on arrival. Bedside ultrasound was performed by the emergency physician and showed a large, mobile right heart thrombus leading to immediate administration of a thrombolytic. In this case, bedside ultrasound was utilized to help further delineate clinical care in a progressively worsening patient, leading to a potentially lifesaving treatment. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasonography" }, { "word": "Echocardiography" }, { "word": "thromboembolism" }, { "word": "hypotension" }, { "word": "right ventricular dysfunction" }, { "word": "Thrombolytic therapy" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bc147nw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Kenny", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University, Emergency Medicine Residency, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Xun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Staten Island University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Staten Island University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Devjani", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Das", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Staten Island University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brock", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Royall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Staten Island University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kapoor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Staten Island University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island, New York", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-07-21T19:33:18-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-07-21T19:33:18-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-11T14:07:27-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8454/galley/4883/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8557, "title": "Factors Associated with the Decision to Hospitalize Emergency Department Patients with a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nEmergency department (ED) hospitalizations for skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) have increased, while concern for costs has grown and outpatient parenteral antibiotic options have expanded. To identify opportunities to reduce admissions, we explored factors that influence the decision to hospitalize an ED patient with a SSTI.\nMethods: \nWe conducted a prospective study of adults presenting to 12 U.S. EDs with a SSTI in which physicians were surveyed as to reason(s) for admission, and clinical characteristics were correlated with disposition. We employed chi-square binary recursive partitioning to assess independent predictors of admission. Serious adverse events were recorded.\nResults:\n Among 619 patients, median age was 38.7 years. The median duration of symptoms was 4.0 days, 96 (15.5%) had a history of fever, and 46 (7.5%) had failed treatment. Median maximal length of erythema was 4.0cm (IQR, 2.0-7.0). Upon presentation, 39 (6.3%) had temperature >38oC, 81 (13.1%) tachycardia, 35 (5.7%), tachypnea, and 5 (0.8%) hypotension; at the time of the ED disposition decision, these findings were present in 9 (1.5%), 11 (1.8%), 7 (1.1%), and 3 (0.5%) patients, respectively. Ninety-four patients (15.2%) were admitted, 3 (0.5%) to the intensive care unit (ICU). Common reasons for admission were need for intravenous antibiotics in 80 (85.1%; the only reason in 41.5%), surgery in 23 (24.5%), and underlying disease in 11 (11.7%). Hospitalization was significantly associated with the following factors in decreasing order of importance: history of fever (present in 43.6% of those admitted, and 10.5% discharged; maximal length of erythema >10cm (43.6%, 11.3%); history of failed treatment (16.1%, 6.0%); any co-morbidity (61.7%, 27.2%); and age >65 years (5.4%, 1.3%). Two patients required amputation and none had ICU transfer or died.\nConclusion:\n ED SSTI patients with fever, larger lesions, and co-morbidities tend to be hospitalized, almost all to non-critical areas and rarely do they suffer serious complications. The most common reason for admission is administration of intravenous antibiotics, which is frequently the only reason for hospitalization. With the increasing outpatient intravenous antibiotic therapy options, these results suggest that many hospitalized patients with SSTI could be managed safely and effectively as outpatients. [West J Emerg Med.–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Skin and Soft tissue infection" }, { "word": "SSTI" }, { "word": "Cellulitis" }, { "word": "abscess" }, { "word": "wound infection" }, { "word": "Hospitalization" }, { "word": "admission" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" }, { "word": "MRSA" } ], "section": "Healthcare Utilization", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1405j185", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Talan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sylmar, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bisan", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Salhi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Moran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sylmar, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Mower", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ronald Reagan Medical Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Yu-Hsiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsieh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Anusha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krishnadasan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sylmar, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Rothman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-02T19:20:50-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-02T19:20:50-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-10T15:04:49-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8557/galley/4933/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8597, "title": "Persistent Pain After Lithotripsy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "N/A", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Diagnostic Acumen", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35w1p569", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ellen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Hood, Texas", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeKay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fort Hood, Texas", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-11-08T07:39:55-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-11-08T07:39:55-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-09T15:25:24-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8597/galley/4956/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8461, "title": "Improving Door-to-balloon Time by Decreasing Door-to-ECG time for Walk-in STEMI Patients", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nThe American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines recommend rapid door-to-electrocardiography (ECG) times for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Previous quality improvement research at our institution revealed that we were not meeting this benchmark for walk-in STEMI patients. The objective is to investigate whether simple, directed changes in the emergency department (ED) triage process for potential cardiac patients could decrease door-to-ECG times and secondarily door-to-balloon times.\nMethods: \nWe conducted an interventional study at a large, urban, public teaching hospital from April 2010 to June 2012. All patients who walked into the ED with a confirmed STEMI were enrolled in the study. The primary intervention involved creating a chief complaint-based “cardiac triage” designation that streamlined the evaluation of potential cardiac patients. A secondary intervention involved moving our ECG technician and ECG station to our initial triage area. The primary outcome measure was door-to-ECG time and the secondary outcome measure was door-to-balloon time.\nResults: \nWe enrolled 91 walk-in STEMI patients prior to the intervention period and 141 patients after the invention. We observed statistically significant reductions in door-to-ECG time (43±93 to 30±72 minutes, median 23 to 14 minutes p<0.01), ECG-to-activation time (87±134 to 52±82 minutes, median 43 to 31 minutes p<0.01), and door-to-balloon time (134±146 to 84±40 minutes, median 85 -75 minutes p=0.03).\nConclusion: \nBy creating a chief complaint-based cardiac triage protocol and by streamlining ECG completion, walk-in STEMI patients are systematically processed through the ED. This is not only associated with a decrease in door-to-balloon time, but also a decrease in the variability of the time sensitive intervals of door-to-ECG and ECG-to-balloon time. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cardiology, Emergency Medicine, Quality Improvement, Door-to-Balloon, Door-to-ECG, Triage" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/503452nd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Coyne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Testa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Shoma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Desai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lagrone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Roger", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ling", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Hyung", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-07-23T21:25:47-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-07-23T21:25:47-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-09T15:18:27-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8461/galley/4886/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8303, "title": "Change to an Informal Interview Dress Code Improves Residency Applicant Perceptions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nResidency interview apparel has traditionally been the dark business suit. We changed the interview dress code from a traditionally established unwritten ‘formal’ attire to an explicitly described ‘informal’ attire. We sought to assess if the change in dress code attire changed applicants’ perceptions of the residency program or decreased costs.\nMethods: \nThe authors conducted an anonymous survey of applicants applying to one emergency medicine residency program during two application cycles ending in 2012 and 2013. Applicants were asked if the change in dress code affected their perception of the program, comfort level, overall costs and how it affected their rank lists.\nResults: \nWe sent the survey to 308 interviewed applicants over two years. Of those, 236 applicants completed the survey for a combined response rate of 76.6% (236/308). Among respondents, 85.1% (200 of 235) stated they appreciated the change; 66.7% (154 of 231) stated the change caused them to worry more about what to wear. Males were more uncomfortable than females due to the lack of uniformity on the interview day (18.5% of males [25/135] vs. 7.4% of females [7/95], collapsed results p-value 0.008). A total of 27.7% (64/231) agreed that the costs were less overall. The change caused 50 of 230 (21.7%) applicants to rank the program higher on their rank list and only one applicant to rank the program lower.\nConclusion: \nA change to a more informal dress code resulted in more comfort and fewer costs for applicants to a single residency program. The change also resulted in some applicants placing the program higher on their rank order list. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):-0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Administration, Interviewing, Residency" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9h2845xn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "H.", "middle_name": "Gene", "last_name": "Hern", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Charlotte", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Wills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda Health System, Highland Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-07-01T15:03:22-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-07-01T15:03:22-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-09T14:42:25-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8303/galley/4751/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41614, "title": "Modularity and sexual dimorphism in human metacarpals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The shape of an animal’s hands provides insight not only to its locomotory habitus but can also reveal information about the genetic and developmental sources that underlie its variation. Detailed analyses of skeletal shape variation within a population can test hypotheses about the genetic, nongenetic, and epigenetic sources underlying that variation. Here, we report on the variation, patterns of correlation, and sexual dimorphism of human metacarpal size in order to better understand the evolutionary history of the hominid hand. Seven linear measurements were collected from unaffiliated adult Native Californians that lived between 3050 BP and 150 BP, correlations across digits were estimated and compared for the entire population, and for males and females. We also assessed sexual dimorphism in variance as well as for metacarpal length ratios.\n \nResults indicate the thumb, or pollical metacarpal (MC1) measurements are only weakly correlated with those of the index through pinky fingers (palmar metacarpals, MC2-5), whereas all palmar metacarpals are more highly correlated with each other. The lower level of correlation between the pollical and palmar metacarpals accords with expectations from non-human developmental studies that indicate developmental modularity between these rays (and as a consequence, this results in developmental independence and the potential for selection to operate on the modules distinctly). Sexual dimorphism is observed in the absolute size of the metacarpals, and also in the degree of variation (males exhibit a greater range of variation) and level of correlation (females return lower correlations for the palmar metacarpal measurements). In contrast, metacarpal length ratios were not sexually dimorphic. The dimorphism in degree of variance and correlation raise new directions for research, while simultaneously bolstering the interpretation that human pollical and palmar metacarpals reflect two distinct developmental modules.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "sexual dimorphism" }, { "word": "modularity" }, { "word": "Metacarpals" }, { "word": "Homo Sapiens" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xc156c2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kurtis", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Morrish", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leslea", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Hlusko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-09T18:43:12-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-09T18:43:12-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-09T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/41614/galley/31152/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8277, "title": "Waiting for Triage: Unmeasured Time in Patient Flow", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nThe Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) requires reporting of multiple time-sensitive metrics. Most facilities use triage time as the time of arrival. Little is known about how long patients wait prior to triage. As reimbursement to the hospital may be tied to these metrics, it is essential to accurately record the time of arrival. Our objective was to quantify the time spent waiting to be triaged for patients arriving to the emergency department (ED).\nMethods: \nWe conducted this study in an urban, academic, tertiary care center with approximately 54,000 annual ED visits. All patients arriving to the ED from November 1, 2012, to October 1, 2013, were enrolled. If patients didn’t go directly to a bed or triage, an observer greeted patients as they entered the ED and recorded the time of arrival. The triage time was recorded as normal. We calculated the difference between the arrival time and triage time.\nResults: \nThere were 50,576 patient visits during the study period. Of these, 7,795 (15.4%) patients did not go directly to a bed or triage. For patients who waited for triage, median time from arrival to triage was 11 minutes (IQR 5-19, range 1-105). When stratified by the number of new patients who arrived in the ED in the previous hour, the percentage of greeted patients who waited more than 10 minutes for triage was: 0-5 new patients – 12.4%; 6-10 new patients – 48.8%; 11-15 new patients – 64.4%; 16+ new patients – 68%.\nConclusion: \nPatients often waited more than 10 minutes to be triaged. As the number of patients registered in the previous hour increased, the percentage of patients who waited more than 10 minutes for triage increased significantly. During times of peak volume, 8.5% of all patients arriving to the ED waited more than 10 minutes for triage. This wait is not accounted for in the normal reporting of ED throughput times and metrics. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Department Operations" }, { "word": "triage" }, { "word": "Quality Metrics" }, { "word": "Waiting time" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gj1g690", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houston", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fischer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kathryn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Volz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wolfe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-06-06T15:10:14-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-06-06T15:10:14-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-08T14:45:58-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8277/galley/4738/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8593, "title": "13-Year-Old with Cryptic Abdominal Pain", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "abdominal pain" }, { "word": "bezoar" }, { "word": "trichobezoar" }, { "word": "Rapunzel Syndrome" } ], "section": "Diagnostic Acumen", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n89j574", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spring", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saint Vincent Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Erie, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saint Vincent Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Erie, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jestin", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Carlson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saint Vincent Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Erie, Pennsylvania; Unviersity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-11-04T21:35:22-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-11-04T21:35:22-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-05T15:23:07-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8593/galley/4954/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8567, "title": "Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Extending to the Palate", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "herpes zoster" }, { "word": "Vesicle" }, { "word": "Zoster Ophthalmicus" }, { "word": "oral lesions" } ], "section": "Diagnostic Acumen", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/37d373vq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schneberk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/University of Southern California Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Newton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County/University of Southern California Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-10T15:01:08-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-10T15:01:08-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-05T15:12:20-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8567/galley/4940/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8501, "title": "Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Filipino Female in North America", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae has been described in Southeast Asia, but has only recently begun to emerge in North America. The hypermucoviscous strain of K. pneumoniae is a particularly virulent strain known to cause devastatingly invasive infections, including necrotizing fasciitis. Here we present the first known case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae in North America. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Klebsiella pneumoniae" }, { "word": "necrotizing fasciits" }, { "word": "skin and soft tissue infections" }, { "word": "infectious pathogens" } ], "section": "Diagnostic Acumen", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ks794wf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Highland Hospital – Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frazee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Highland Hospital – Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-08-21T15:24:38-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-08-21T15:24:38-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-05T14:59:31-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8501/galley/4905/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8175, "title": "Effect of an Emergency Department Fast Track on Press-Ganey Patient Satisfaction Scores", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nMandated patient surveys have become an integral part of Medicare remuneration, putting hundreds of millions of dollars in funding at risk. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recently announced a patient experience survey for the emergency department (ED). Development of an ED Fast Track, where lower acuity patients are rapidly seen, has been shown to improve many of the metrics that CMS examines. This is the first study examining if ED Fast Track implementation affects Press-Ganey scores of patient satisfaction.\nMethods: \nWe analyzed returned Press-Ganey questionnaires from all ESI 4 and 5 patients seen 11AM - 11PM, August-December 2011 (pre-fast track), and during the identical hours of fast track, August-December 2012. Raw ordinal scores were converted to continuous scores for paired student t-test analysis. We calculated an odds ratio with 100% satisfaction considered a positive response.\nResults: \nAn academic ED with 52,000 annual visits had 140 pre-fast track and 85 fast track respondents. Implementation of a fast track significantly increased patient satisfaction with the following: wait times (68% satisfaction to 88%, OR 4.13, 95% CI [2.32-7.33]), doctor courtesy (90% to 95%, OR 1.97, 95% CI [1.04-3.73]), nurse courtesy (87% to 95%, OR 2.75, 95% CI [1.46-5.15]), pain control (79% to 87%, OR 2.13, 95% CI [1.16-3.92]), likelihood to recommend (81% to 90%, OR 2.62, 95% CI [1.42-4.83]), staff caring (82% to 91%, OR 2.82, 95% CI [1.54-5.19]), and staying informed about delays (66% to 83%, OR 3.00, 95% CI [1.65-5.44]).\nConclusion: \nImplementation of an ED Fast Track more than doubled the odds of significant improvements in Press-Ganey patient satisfaction metrics and may play an important role in improving ED performance on CMS benchmarks.[West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Fast Track" }, { "word": "patient satisfaction" }, { "word": "emergency care systems, efficiency" }, { "word": "Emergency Department Management" }, { "word": "management, quality assurance" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zw7297z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Calvin", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hwang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford/Kaiser Emergency Medicine Residency, Stanford, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Grant", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Lipman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marlena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kane", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford Hospital and Clinics, Department of Patient Care Services, Stanford, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-03-17T13:17:19-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-03-17T13:17:19-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-05T14:53:12-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8175/galley/4702/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43696, "title": "Strongyloidiasis – A Case Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4zh6x39r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gloria", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Malena", "middle_name": "SC", "last_name": "Law", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-05T13:30:09-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43696/galley/32501/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43988, "title": "Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors – Two Cases and Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fc0x6wx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rimma ", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shaposhnikov", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Shahryar ", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ashouri", "name_suffix": "M.D.", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2014-12-04T19:39:09-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43988/galley/32792/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48005, "title": "Introduction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This contribution provides an overview of the articles featured in the 10th volume of the Journal for Learning through the Arts.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Foreword", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vb8c1s1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Merryl", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goldberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Professor of Music\nSchool of Arts, California State University, San Marcos", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Virginia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ph.D., Professor\nLincoln University, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Elaine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seton Hall University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-02T17:17:22-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-02T17:17:22-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:53:46-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/48005/galley/36143/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47986, "title": "Transforming Teaching through Arts Integration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Transforming Teaching through Arts IntegrationAI Implementation Results: Middle School Reform through Effective Arts Integration Professional Development In four years, Anne Arundel County Public Schools (AACPS) increased sixth and seventh grade student achievement on the Maryland State Assessment (MSA) by 20% at Bates Middle School, a low performing school that had been targeted for restructuring by the state. This improvement positively correlates with the implementation of the arts integration Supporting Arts Integrated Learning for Student Success (SAILSS) model funded through the Arts in Education Model Development and Dissemination (AEMDD) grant. This model, offered to teachers across all content areas, incorporates extensive professional development opportunities including: an intensive weeklong workshop for teachers with artists followed by a two-week teaching lab with students; participation in an cohort to achieve an arts integration post-baccalaureate certificate,; and extensive trainings, conferences and workshops at local, regional, and national schools, museums, arts institutes, and higher education facilities. Qualitative and quantitative data collected by AACPS was assessed through a quasi-experimental design from the treatment and comparison schools utilizing the following instrumentation: state and local standardized testing, School-level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ), Arts Integration: Classroom Observations for Middle Schools (AICOM), arts integration logs and parent, student, and teacher surveys. Through this study we found that in addition to increasing student achievement on statewide assessments, implementing this arts integration model positively correlates with a 77% decline in discipline referrals, and overall positive change in school climate based on teacher, staff, student, and parent perception.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Arts Integration" }, { "word": "Middle School Model" }, { "word": "arts education" }, { "word": "Middle School Reform" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67d5s216", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Snyder", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Anne Arundel County Public Schools, Maryland", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Patricial", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Klos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Anne Arundel County Public Schools, Maryland", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grey-Hawkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Anne Arundel County Public Schools, Maryland", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T23:54:58-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T23:54:58-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:47:40-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47986/galley/36131/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47985, "title": "Rethinking Curriculum and Instruction: Lessons From an Integrated Learning Program and Its Impact on Students and Teachers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "CoTA (Collaborations: Teachers and Artists) is a professional development program that empowers teachers to access the arts in everyday instruction to support student achievement. CoTA schools commit to intense, 3-year collaborations for ten weeks each year where teachers learn to capitalize on arts content and strategies to promote knowledge and skills in other curricular areas, such as language arts and math. Teachers and artists work together to identify the learning needs of students, customize a project to meet those needs (while aligning to the standards), refine the project on a weekly basis through collaborative meetings, and formally reflect on the experience in a cycle of continuous improvement. As the program progresses, responsibility for designing arts-infused units increasingly falls to the classroom teachers as the artists shift into a coaching role. The result is a sustainable model with a legacy of confidence and skills in arts integration for teachers.\n \nResearchers from the University of California San Diego are conducting a quasi-experimental study, which features a multi-site, mixed-methods design to examine CoTA teachers’ understanding of arts standards and potential impacts on students in grades 1-6. Data sources include a pre/post-test to measure teachers' understanding of arts standards, teacher interviews that examine implementation, CoTA classroom observations, training documents, and student scores on language arts benchmarks. Analyses include thematic coding of qualitative data, as well as descriptive and inferential analyses of student outcome data collected by the District. This article will present preliminary findings from year one of a three-year evaluation.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "arts integration, learning through the arts, Common Core, creativity index" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b88f8th", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dennis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Doyle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Carolyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huie Hofstetter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kendig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CoTA (Collaborations: Teachers and Artists)", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Betsy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T22:10:10-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T22:10:10-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:45:52-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47985/galley/36130/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47984, "title": "Evaluation of Professional Development in the Use of Arts-Integrated Activities with Mathematics Content: Findings About Program Implementation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In 2010, the Wolf Trap Foundation for the Performing Arts, Institute for Early Learning Through the Arts, was awarded an Arts in Education Model Development and Dissemination (AEMDD) grant to develop, implement, and disseminate a research-based program of professional development (PD) that equips prekindergarten and kindergarten teachers to infuse mathematics instruction with arts instruction in their classrooms. The PD includes summer institutes and classroom-based residencies in which music, dance, and drama performing artists work with teachers in teams. This instructional approach is often called \narts integration\n. American Institutes for Research (AIR) conducted an evaluation of the four-year grant from 2010-2014, examining the implementation of the PD and assessing its impact on teacher practices and student mathematics knowledge. This article reports on the experiences of the elementary school teachers and Wolf Trap teaching artists in the first cohort of participating schools during 2011–12 and 2012–13, drawing on data from a variety of sources (PD observations, residency artifacts, artist interviews, and teacher surveys). We find that the Wolf Trap PD program demonstrates features of effective PD. It is classroom-based, intensive, and focused on what teachers and students need to know to teach and learn mathematics. It is aligned with district standards and offers many opportunities to teachers for active learning. The Wolf Trap PD program delivered preparation to teachers to infuse performing arts-based strategies into their mathematics instruction, starting in the PD institutes and then continuing in the residencies and did so with fidelity to the planned model. Wolf Trap used several approaches to optimize fidelity: a planning year and practice sessions with teaching artists, consistent use of local content experts, and materials structured to reflect the concepts and approaches used in both institutes and residencies. The article concludes with suggestions for practitioners and questions for further research.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Arts Integration" }, { "word": "stem instruction" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1905c5tm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Meredith", "middle_name": "Jane", "last_name": "Ludwig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American Institutes for Research", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mengli", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Song", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American Institutes for Research", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Akua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kouyate-Tate", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wolf Trap Foundation for the Performing Arts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wolf Trap Foundation for the Performing Arts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phillips", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wolf Trap Foundation for the Performing Arts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Greenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "U.S. Department of Education", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T19:24:39-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T19:24:39-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:38:50-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47984/galley/36129/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47983, "title": "Increasing Engagement and Oral Language Skills of ELLs through the Arts in the Primary Grades", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this article, we look at the impact of an arts integration program offered at five large urban elementary schools on the daily attendance and oral language skills of children in kindergarten through second grade. Many of the children attending these schools spoke a language other than English at home. Teaching artists visited each class weekly for 28 weeks, co-teaching theater and dance lessons with the teacher. School engagement was measured by comparing attendance on days with and without scheduled arts lessons. Attendance was significantly higher on days the artists visited; absences were reduced by 10 percent. Speaking and listening skills were measured through standardized test scores. Qualitative analysis of interview and survey data revealed that teachers perceived the theater and dance lessons to provide rich opportunities for verbal interaction between teachers and pupils. Student speaking and listening skills improved significantly, as did teachers’ ability to promote oral language.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Drama, Literacy, Dance, Elementary, Arts, Speaking, Listening, Theatre" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8573z1fm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Liane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brouillette", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Karen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Childress-Evans", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "San Diego Unified School District", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Briana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hinga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Farkas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T18:32:08-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T18:32:08-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:36:54-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47983/galley/36128/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47982, "title": "Cultivating Common Ground: Integrating standards-based visual arts, math and literacy in high-poverty urban classrooms", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The \nFraming Student Success: Connecting Rigorous Visual Arts, Math and Literacy\n \nLearning\n experimental demonstration project was designed to develop and test an instructional program integrating high-quality, standards-based instruction in the visual arts, math, and literacy. Developed and implemented by arts-in-education organization Studio in a School (STUDIO), in partnership with the New York City Department of Education, the \nFraming Student Success \ncurriculum was designed by experienced professional artist instructors collaborating with school-based visual arts, math, and literacy specialists and classroom teachers. The \nFraming Student Success \ncurriculum units were designed to make explicit connections between subjects (visual arts and ELA or math), while maintaining the integrity, depth and rigor of instruction in both subject areas. While students were receiving arts-integrated instruction during each of the twelve six-week units, classroom teachers and arts specialists were receiving embedded professional development. Regular cross-site professional development was also provided for teachers, specialists, and school administrators.\n \nAs a randomized control trial study, the three-year \nFraming Student Success\n study provides robust evidence of the potential impacts of an interdisciplinary, arts-integrated curriculum for students growing up in poverty. The mixed-method study assessed the effects of staff professional development and standards-based arts-integrated instruction in three urban, high-poverty elementary schools. Results indicate that rigorous interdisciplinary instruction that links visual arts, literacy, and math skills, and supports cognitive skill development, can increase students’ literacy and math learning while nurturing their art making skills and enhancing their ability to meaningfully reflect on their own work and that of their peers. Qualitative findings suggest that interdisciplinary educator collaborations were critical to project success, and highlight the project’s successful engagement of lower-performing students and students with disabilities. Survey and focus group results suggest that training can build the capacities of teachers, arts specialists, and administrators to implement an interdisciplinary curriculum, providing educators with additional tools to teach engaging, Common Core aligned lessons addressing academic and cognitive competencies.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Arts Integration" }, { "word": "Visual Arts" }, { "word": "Studio Habits of Mind" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0377k6x3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marisol", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cunnington", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Metis Associates", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kantrowitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Studio in a School and Teachers College, Columbia University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Susanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harnett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Metis Associates", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Aline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hill-Ries", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Studio in a School", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T22:57:28-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T22:57:28-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:35:24-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47982/galley/36127/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47981, "title": "Embracing the Burden of Proof: New Strategies for Determining Predictive Links Between Arts Integration Teacher Professional Development, Student Arts Learning, and Student Academic Achievement Outcomes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This article provides a window into Chicago Arts Partnerships in Education’s (CAPE) Partnerships in Arts Integration Research (PAIR) project conducted in Chicago public schools (CPS) (pairresults.org) which statistically demonstrates how a three-year arts integration project can impact treatment versus control students in both academic and arts cluster schools. A multivariate design framework featuring the development of survey, interview, and performance assessment instruments was used to document and rate multiple aspects of individual teacher and student performance. This design also included a series of correlation and stepwise regression analyses[i] demonstrating that statistically significant links existed between various teacher professional development outcomes, student arts and arts integration performance assessment outcomes, and academic test results. Overall, these findings offer evidence that students at schools with an arts focus combined with arts integration programming scored higher on state academic tests than did students who received exclusively academic or conventional arts learning instruction. Furthermore, these data revealed that the achievement gap between previously designated low, average, and high performing students had narrowed or disappeared. Because these findings are based on multivariate statistical methods,[ii] researchers were able to identify what sequence of factors was most predictive of achievements in student outcomes.\n \n[i] A statistical process used to sort the single most powerful predictor of academic achievement in the context of many competing factors, which, when considered in isolation, all correlated significantly with a primary outcome variable.\n \n[ii] Methods that allow for exploration of a broad range of possible interrelationships among variables, rather than narrow the scope of inquiry testing for simple one-way causal relationship between two variables", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Arts Integrated Education" }, { "word": "Multivariate Statistical Methods" }, { "word": "Alternative Arts and Arts Integrated Learning Assessments" }, { "word": "Chicago Public Schools" }, { "word": "Closing Achievement Gap" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ch5t8cw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lawrence", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scripp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New England Conservatory of Music", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Paradis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chicago Arts Partnerships in Education", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T14:39:31-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T14:39:31-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:33:49-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47981/galley/36126/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47979, "title": "Arts Achieve, Impacting Student Success in the Arts: Preliminary Findings After One Year of Implementation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The \nArts Achieve: Impacting Student Success in the Arts \nproject involves a partnership between the New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) and five of the city’s premier arts organizations. \nArts Achieve \nprovides intensive and targeted professional development to arts teachers over a three-year period. The goal of the project is to improve the quality of arts teachers’ instruction through in-service professional development on the use of balanced (formative and summative) assessment, leading to increases in students’ arts achievement. Starting in the 2011-2012 school year, arts teachers formed art discipline-based professional learning communities (PLCs) to work together, using a process of inquiry and action research that focuses on reviewing student data and examining impact on current instructional practice. Additionally, each arts teacher was paired with a facilitator from the arts organizations to support them over the course of the project. The specific professional development activities included: on-site consultancies, assessment retreats, inter-visitations, and an online community. \nArts Achieve \nalso provides participating arts teachers with resources to support this work, such as units of study and technology bundles.\nTo measure the impact of the \nArts Achieve\n project on arts teachers and students, Metis Associates designed a cluster randomized control trial study, whereby 77 schools were assigned to treatment or status-quo control conditions by arts discipline (dance, music, theater, visual arts) and school level (elementary, middle, high). In the planning year of the project, Benchmark Arts Assessments were developed in each arts discipline and school level to measure students’ arts achievement. Findings from Year 1 indicate that, while there were not statistically significant differences between the growth of treatment and control teachers, the students of treatment teachers demonstrated significantly greater growth in arts achievement from the students of control teachers. The results suggest that a more sensitive tool for detecting change in teachers is needed. Successes and challenges of project implementation are discussed, and potential areas for additional inquiry in the coming years of the grant also are recommended.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "arts" }, { "word": "In-service Professional Development" }, { "word": "Balanced Assessment" }, { "word": "Data-Driven Decision Making" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c81239d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tara", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Mastrorilli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Metis Associates", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Susanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harnett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Met Associates", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Metis Associates", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T19:52:02-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T19:52:02-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:28:43-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47979/galley/36125/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47978, "title": "The Mirror and the Canyon: Reflected Images, Echoed Voices How evidence of GW’s performing arts integration model is used to build support for arts education integration and to promote sustainability", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Global Writes (GW) model is a well-designed performing arts integrated literacy program that builds local and global support among students, teachers, and arts partners through the use of innovative technologies. Through local partnerships between schools and arts organizations forged by GW, classroom teachers and local teaching artists build collaborative relationships to impact teacher practice and effectiveness, school culture and environment, and student development and achievement in the arts and English language arts. Classroom-based interventions for students include residencies providing instruction in writing original poetry and the art of performance, and poetry performances for authentic audiences including local community-based and inter-city poetry slam sessions. Dissemination, growth, and sustainability have been the cornerstones of the GW mission, promoting the improvement of teaching and learning. Throughout this process the GW team has embraced the metaphor of “the mirror and the canyon” by formatively reflecting on the model of practice, continuously improving the program model by “looking in the mirror”, building on what works as evidenced through research, and tailoring the program to meet the needs of individual schools and arts organization partners in each location. The authors will provide a review of the GW program, tracing its history and development, and focusing on how specific aspects of the model and evidence of its academic, social-emotional, and professional successes have been used to expand, build local support, and sustain the program in several communities across the country. Evidence of increases in student performance on state ELA exams, long-term impact on\n \nteacher practice, and sustained use of technology to continue collaboration among participants are highlighted as hallmarks of demonstrated success of the GW model in cities throughout the country.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "K-12 Education, arts integration, English language arts, literacy, poetry, performance, research and evaluation, sustainability, dissemination, technology, theatre" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vx5k65b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Ellrodt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Global Writes", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fico", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Global Writes", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Susanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harnett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Metis Associates", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "Gerstein", "last_name": "Ramsey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Metis Associates", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angelina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lopez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Office of Innovation, NYC Department of Education; formerly with Metis Associates", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-14T17:03:57-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-14T17:03:57-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:27:01-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47978/galley/36124/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47977, "title": "A View into a Decade of Arts Integration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts has been involved in an intensive, sustained partnership with schools, Changing Education Through the Arts (CETA), since 1999. The CETA program is a whole school reform model designed to impact student learning and attitudes by building teachers’ capacities to make arts integration one of their primary approaches to teaching across the curriculum. During its first decade (1999 to 2009), the program formally examined its impact through three independent, multi-year evaluation studies. Examined together, the three studies shed light on a decade of arts integration outcomes for students, teachers, and schools. Findings are reported in four areas—the CETA program design, and the program’s impact on students, teachers, and schools. Findings for the program design include: the structure of the CETA program’s professional learning model was integral to its success in schools and the most critical factor for improving practice; and the importance of opportunities for arts coaching in the classroom and participation in study groups as ongoing program supports. Findings for the impact on students include: increased student engagement, both socially and academically; a moderately high positive relationship between student engagement and the extent of teachers’ professional development; growth in students’ cognitive and social skills; and gains in standardized test scores for lower performing students. Findings for the impact on teachers include: development of strong support for the value of arts integration for reaching all kinds of learners, widening the opportunity for all students to be successful, and providing multiple ways for students to express knowledge and understanding; teachers’ increased use of collaborative learning strategies with students; change in the role arts specialists play in schools; and time as a critical factor for effective implementation. Findings for the impact on schools include: changes in school culture, including increased teacher collaboration resulting in a more positive and cohesive, and child-centered environment; growth of the school as a learning community; and the importance of administrative support and leadership.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "arts integration, The Kennedy Center, Changing Education through the Arts, professional learning" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pt13398", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lynne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Silverstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-08T18:12:47-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-08T18:12:47-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:22:56-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47977/galley/36123/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47976, "title": "Found in Translation: Interdisciplinary Arts Integration in Project AIM", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper will share the arts-integration methodology used in Project AIM and address the question; “How is translation evident in interdisciplinary arts instruction, and how does it affect students?”\n \nMethods\nThe staff and researchers from Project AIM, (an arts-integration program of the Center for Community Arts Partnerships at Columbia College Chicago), have collected data through student surveys and interviews and teacher and teaching artist interviews to research arts integration as a process of translation. The evaluation team observed planning sessions and classroom instruction, reviewed unit plans, assessment rubrics, instructional handouts and artifacts of student work. Data collection was focused on six of the thirty-two residencies that took place in Project AIM during the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 school years. Residencies were selected to ensure variability in terms of art and academic disciplines included in the residency, grade level and school.\nThe process of translation--making meaning across languages of learning and mediums of expression--has informed our data collection and analysis. We have borrowed the terms \nsource language\n and \ntarget language\n from the field of second language instruction. Just as a translator searches for words/phrases in a target language to express words/phrases in a source language, Project AIM students search for words/images/gestures/sounds in a target discipline to express what they know in a source discipline. These translations across mediums of expression serve to deepen understanding across content areas.\n \nKey Findings\nOur research has found:\nTeachers and teaching artists’ development of three specific translation approaches: \nscaffolded,\n \nmulti-representational\n and \ninterwoven,\n with each methodology serving different identified needs of instruction.\nA statistically significant increase in student learning across four variables measuring higher order thinking skills.\nWhen I am going to create something, I can make a plan.\nI can invent a new way of doing a project.\nI can create something that represents my ideas.\nI can understand many different points of view about the same subject.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Arts integration, arts education, arts learning, interdisciplinary learning" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nf7326g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pruitt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LKP Consulting", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ingram", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cynthia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weiss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Marwen Foundation", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-08-01T15:43:30-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-08-01T15:43:30-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:21:52-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47976/galley/36122/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47975, "title": "“Some Things in My House Have a Pulse and a Downbeat” The Role of Folk and Traditional Arts Instruction in Supporting Student Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The authors investigated the association between participation in Nations in Neighborhoods (NiN), a program of folk and traditional arts instruction, and achievement in English language arts in a sample of low-income elementary school students, many of whom were recent immigrants and English language learners. The program drew on the core practices of traditional and folk arts – sociocritical literacies that bridge home and school, multi-modal instruction, apprenticeship learning, and communal effort – to provide students with the confidence and strategies of accomplished learners. English language arts achievement was assessed using a standardized state proficiency exam. Students who participated in the program received significantly higher overall scores on the exam after controlling for gender, ethnicity, English language learner and special education classifications. These findings suggest that an arts education program featuring folk and traditional arts engages students in practices that have measurable effects on their literacy development.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "art education, folk arts, traditional arts, English language learners, English language arts, urban schools, at risk students" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zq7s143", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dennie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Palmer Wolf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WolfBrown", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Holochwost", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology\nGeorgetown University\nWolfBrown", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bar-Zemer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City Lore", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Amanda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dargan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City Lore", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Anika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Selhorst", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "92nd Street Y", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-07-31T20:06:13-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-07-31T20:06:13-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:15:21-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47975/galley/36121/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47972, "title": "“Unlocking My Creativity”: Teacher Learning in Arts Integration Professional Development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper examines the impact of two approaches to teacher professional development in arts integration – a summer institute model and a model combining the summer institute with instructional coaching. In an experimental design, the intervention trained third and fourth grade teachers to integrate visual arts and theater into reading curriculum. Findings suggest the coaching plus institute intervention had a greater impact on teacher confidence, use and frequency of arts integration than the institute-only intervention or on the comparison group.\n \nCoached teachers reported greater confidence integrating the arts, produced higher-quality work samples, taught more reading concepts with arts integration, implemented more arts standards, and used arts integration more frequently than did the institute-only teachers or the control group teachers. Coached teachers reported in greater numbers about the positive impact the professional development had on their teaching practice, including feeling more creative, inspired and finding greater enjoyment in teaching. Coached teachers were more likely than institute-only teachers to correctly use state VAPA standards and to perceive student progress towards those standards.\n \nInstitute-only teachers demonstrated greater confidence in and used arts integration more frequently than did the comparison group. However, they did not reach the same levels as the coached teachers and were more likely to report time constraints and other roadblocks to successful implementation.\n \nTeachers in both treatment groups reported high student engagement and better expression of learning by students when using arts integration instructional strategies.\n \nThis project was funded through the U.S. Department of Education Arts in Education Model Development and Dissemination program.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Professional development, arts integration, elementary education. language arts" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dt4k6ns", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saraniero", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Merryl", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Goldberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University San Marcos", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brenda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "North County Professional Development Federation, San Marcos, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-07-24T18:04:45-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-07-24T18:04:45-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-04T11:10:28-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cla_jlta/article/47972/galley/36119/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 4496, "title": "Sanctuary of Heqaib", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Pepinakht, called Heqaib, was an expedition leader of the late 6th Dynasty. Recent fieldwork in Elephantine has revealed some objects that suggest it was customary to perform processions, which started at the \nka\n-chapels in the administrative center of Elephantine, for the mortuary cult of a number of late Old Kingdom officials, among them Pepinakht/Heqaib. Heqaib’s sanctuary is an excellent example of the cult of a private person who had the characteristics of a saint, within a settlement context in the Middle Kingdom and the early 2nd Intermediate Period. The sanctuary was a place of pilgrimage of supra-regional importance and has revealed a well-dated series of extraordinary Middle Kingdom sculpture, stelae, and shrines.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "religion, deification, Elephantine" } ], "section": "Geography", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dp6m9bt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dietrich", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Leipzig", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-03-01T15:59:37-05:00", "date_accepted": "2009-03-01T15:59:37-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-03T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/4496/galley/2646/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8584, "title": "Tense Bullae and Urticaria in a Woman in Her Sixties", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "N/A", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Diagnostic Acumen", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34535686", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Wurlitzer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sydney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Caleb", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Canders", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles,\nCalifornia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angelique", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Campen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles,\nCalifornia", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-19T14:05:50-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-19T14:05:50-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-02T13:05:57-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8584/galley/4949/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8633, "title": "Top Section Editors and Reviewers of 2014", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Top Section Editors and Reviewers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qq752jr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-01T18:51:56-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-01T18:51:56-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-01T18:52:54-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8633/galley/4969/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8632, "title": "Sponsors and Advertising", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Sponsors and Advertising", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/849040ch", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-01T18:46:01-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-01T18:46:01-05:00", "date_published": "2014-12-01T18:46:39-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8632/galley/4968/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8330, "title": "Lack of Gender Disparities in Emergency Department Triage of Acute Stroke Patients", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nPrevious literature has shown gender disparities in the care of acute ischemic stroke. Compared to men, women wait longer for brain imaging and are less likely to receive intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Emergency department (ED) triage is an important step in the rapid assessment of stroke patients and is a possible contributor to disparities. It is unknown whether gender differences exist in ED triage of acute stroke patients. Our primary objective was to determine whether gender disparities exist in the triage of acute stroke patients as defined by Emergency Severity Index (ESI) levels and use of ED critical care beds.\nMethods: \nThis was a retrospective, observational study of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients age ≥18 years presenting to a large, urban, academic ED within six hours of symptom onset between January 2010, and December 2012. Primary outcomes were triage to a non-critical ED bed and Emergency Severity Index (ESI) level. Primary outcome data were extracted from electronic medical records by a blinded data manager; secondary outcome data and covariates were abstracted by trained research assistants. We performed bivariate and multivariate analyses. Logistic regression was performed using age, race, insurance status, mode of and time to arrival, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and presence of atypical symptoms as covariates.\nResults: \nThere were 537 patients included in this study. Women were older (75.6 vs. 69.5, p<0.001), and more women had a history of atrial fibrillation (39.8% vs. 25.3%, p<0.001). Compared to 9.5% of men, 10.3% of women were triaged to a non-critical care ED bed (p=0.77); 92.1% of women were triaged as ESI 1 or 2 vs. 93.6% of men (p=0.53). After adjustment, gender was not associated with triage location or ESI level, though atypical symptoms were associated with higher odds of being triaged to a non-critical care bed (aOR 1.98, 95%CI [1.03 – 3.81]) and 3.04 times higher odds of being triaged as ESI 3 vs. ESI 1 or 2 (95% CI [1.36 – 6.82]).\nConclusion: \nIn a large, urban, academic ED at a primary stroke center, there were no gender differences in triage to critical care beds or ESI levels among acute stroke patients arriving within six hours of symptom onset. These findings suggest that ED triage protocols for stroke patients may be effective in minimizing gender disparities in care. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):–0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Gender, stroke, treatment disparities, triage, ED care" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Access", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21z0b85r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tracy", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Madsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Esther", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Choo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Seigel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kaiser Permanente East Bay, Department of Criticial Care Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Palms", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Silver", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Neurology, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-07-12T11:56:30-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-07-12T11:56:30-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-01T16:45:12-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8330/galley/4764/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 8580, "title": "Bilateral Inferior Shoulder Dislocation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "bilateral luxatio erecta" }, { "word": "bilateral inferior shoulder dislocation" } ], "section": "Diagnostic Acumen", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t01905q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cacioppo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Springfield, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "Roy", "last_name": "Waymack", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Springfield, Illinois", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-15T16:30:23-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-15T16:30:23-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-01T16:09:35-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/8580/galley/4947/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 7969, "title": "Routine Repeat Head CT may not be Indicated in Patients on Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Therapy Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nEvaluation recommendations for patients on anticoagulant and antiplatelet (ACAP) therapy that present after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) are controversial. At our institution, an initial noncontrast head computed tomography (HCT) is performed, with a subsequent HCT performed six hours later to exclude delayed intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). This study was performed to evaluate the yield and advisability of this approach.\nMethods: \nWe performed a retrospective review of subjects undergoing evaluation for ICH after mild TBI in patients on ACAP therapy between January of 2012 and April of 2013. We assessed for the frequency of ICH on both the initial noncontrast HCT and on the routine six-hour follow-up HCT. Additionally, chart review was performed to evaluate the clinical implications of ICH, when present, and to interrogate whether pertinent clinical and laboratory data may predict the presence of ICH prior to imaging. We used multivariate generalized linear models to assess whether presenting Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), loss of consciousness (LOC), neurological or physical examination findings, international normalized ratio, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, or specific ACAP regimen predicted ICH.\nResults: \n144 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. Ten patients demonstrated initial HCT positive for ICH, with only one demonstrating delayed ICH on the six-hour follow-up HCT. This patient was discharged without any intervention required or functional impairment. Presenting GCS deviation (p<0.001), LOC (p=0.04), neurological examination findings (p<0.001), clopidogrel (p=0.003), aspirin (p=0.03) or combination regimen (p=0.004) use were more commonly seen in patients with ICH.\nConclusion: \nRoutine six-hour follow-up HCT is likely not indicated in patients on ACAP therapy, as our study suggests clinically significant delayed ICH does not occur. Additionally, presenting GCS deviation, LOC, neurological examination findings, clopidogrel, aspirin or combination regimen use may predict ICH, and, in the absence of these findings, HCT may potentially be forgone altogether. [West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):-0.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "anticoagulation" }, { "word": "antiplatelet" }, { "word": "Mild traumatic brain injury" }, { "word": "head computed tomography" }, { "word": "intracranial hemorrhage" } ], "section": "Health Outcomes", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qf8r53t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "McCammack", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Charlotte", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sadler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Yueyang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California; University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Raja", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Ramaswamy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nikdokht", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Farid", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-09-06T12:33:33-04:00", "date_accepted": "2013-09-06T12:33:33-04:00", "date_published": "2014-12-01T15:36:34-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/7969/galley/4619/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5333, "title": "Evocation of Behavioral Change by the Reinforcer is the Critical Event in both the Classical and Operant Procedures", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "By definition, in a Pavlovian (classical) procedure a stimulus is presented prior to an eliciting stimulus (reinforcing stimulus) in an operant procedure a response occurs prior to the reinforcer. In spite of the different contingencies implemented by the two procedures, some behavior necessarily precedes the reinforcer in the Pavlovian procedure and some stimulus necessarily precedes the reinforcer in the operant procedure. If conditioning depends on the momentary relation of environmental and behavioral events to a reinforcer, then the two procedures must begin by engaging a common conditioning process. The cumulative effects of that common process are different, however, because of differences in the frequency with which specific environmental and behavioral events are contiguous with the reinforcer (and its elicited response). The view that the critical reinforcing event is the evocation of a \nchange\n in ongoing behavior evoked by the eliciting stimulus provides the basis for an interpretation of the conditioning process that encompasses the effects of both procedures.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Reinforcement Theory" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15x1q931", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Donahoe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Massachusetts/Amherst", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-19T17:39:03-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-19T17:39:03-04:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5333/galley/3194/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5330, "title": "On Choice and the Law of Effect", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Cumulative records, which show individual responses in real time, are a natural but neglected starting point for understanding the dynamics of operant behavior. To understand the processes that underlie molar laws like matching, it is also helpful to look at choice behavior in situations such as concurrent random ratio that lack the stabilizing feedback intrinsic to concurrent variable-interval schedules. The paper identifies some basic, nontemporal properties of operant learning: Post-reinforcement pulses at the beginning of FI learning, regression, faster reversal learning after shorter periods, and choice distribution on identical random ratios at different absolute ratio values. These properties suggest that any operant-learning model must include \nsilent\n responses, competing to become the active response; and response \nstrengths\n that reflect more than immediate past history of reinforcement. The cumulative-effects model is one that satisfies these conditions.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Matching" }, { "word": "Cumulative Record" }, { "word": "model" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tn9q5ng", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Staddon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-12T17:02:44-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-12T17:02:44-04:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5330/galley/3191/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5338, "title": "Operant/Classical Conditioning: Comparisons, Intersections and Interactions The 2014 Winter Conference on Animal Learning and Behavior Focus and Research Seminar Sessions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Keynote Speaker at Winter Conference on Animal Learning and Behavior (WCALB) 2014 was Dr. Björn Brembs whose address was titled, Pavlovian and Skinnerian Processes Are Genetically Separable. The essence of the address, that describes the research on which Dr. Brembs based this conclusion, is described below. Articles in this issue representing the related Focus Session include: The Many Faces of Pavlovian Conditioning by Dr. Jozefowiez, Pavlov + Skinner = Premack by Dr. Killeen, Evocation of Behavioral Change by the Reinforcer is the Critical Event in Both the Classical and Operant Procedures by Dr. Donahoe, On Choice and the Law of Effect by Dr. Staddon, Response-Outcome versus Outcome-Response Associations in Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer: Effects of Instrumental Training Context by Gilroy, Everett and Delamater, and The Instrumentally-Derived Incentive-Motivational Function by Dr. Weiss. As a whole, they attempt to increase our contact with, and get at the essence of, what is actually happening with these operant and classical contingencies in the laboratory and nature. The Research Seminar Session revealed the current tendency for explanations of behavior to be reduced to physiology, neuroscience, and genetics. However, anti-reductionists saw shortcomings in this approach. They recommended an interconnected holistic approach which shifts the focus away from the structure of discrete behaviors and toward examining the environment in which the behavior occurs and the consequences produced. The distinction between structural and functional analysis points to a difficulty of integrating facts about behavior with other levels of analysis that requires our attention.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Operant Conditioning" }, { "word": "Classical Conditioning" }, { "word": "Conditioning and Genes" }, { "word": "Law of Effect" }, { "word": "Premack" }, { "word": "Incentive Motivatio" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Pavlovian-to-instrumental Transfer" }, { "word": "Transfer of Control" }, { "word": "Winter Conference on Animal Learning and Behavior" } ], "section": "Special Issue Introduction", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c46c9gg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stanley", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Weiss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jesús", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosales-Ruiz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Texas", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-12-01T13:45:36-05:00", "date_accepted": "2014-12-01T13:45:36-05:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5338/galley/3198/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5326, "title": "Pavlov + Skinner = Premack", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Behavior is a sequence of actions. Premackian conditioning occurs when one of those actions permits an animal to engage in more biologically potent positive responses—reinforcement—or forces them to engage in less positive (or negative) responses —punishment. Signals of the transition from one class of actions to another focus the instrumental responses in the first class and inform the contingent responses in the second class. The signals may be innate (USs) or learned (sign-learning); excitatory (leading to more positive actions) or inhibitory (leading to less positive actions). The potency of an action has phylogenetic origins, but may be conditioned by proximity to more potent responses, such as consummation of a reinforcer. With practice instrumental responses may take on increased strength, and in some cases become motivationally autonomous—become habits. Stimuli or responses that signal the availability of more positive actions may become incentive motivators that animals will approach. Discriminative stimuli do not have intrinsic value as reinforcers, but only the value derived from the responses that they release. These forces bend an animal’s trajectory through its stimulus-action-time context into a path that leads more directly to positive actions. The association of actions (conditioned responses, operants, and observing responses) with actions of different potency (ultimately unconditioned responses or consummatory behavior) is the primary association in Premackian conditioning. All other types of conditioning may be interpreted as instances of such Premackian conditioning.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Act-learning" }, { "word": "Sign-learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Systems" }, { "word": "habit" }, { "word": "Premack Principle" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1v20v1dg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Killeen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arizona State University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-05T21:48:50-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-05T21:48:50-04:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5326/galley/3189/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5324, "title": "Response-Outcome versus Outcome-Response Associations in Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer: Effects of Instrumental Training Context", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "One experiment with rats used Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) tests to explore potential competitive interactions between Pavlovian and instrumental processes during instrumental learning. Two instrumental response-outcome relations (e.g., left lever – grain pellets, right lever – sucrose pellets) were first trained in distinct contexts for one group of rats (Group Differential) or in each of two contexts for a second group (Group Non-Differential). Both of these groups then received training with two Pavlovian stimulus-outcome relations in a third experimental context. Selective PIT tests conducted in both the Pavlovian and instrumental contexts revealed greater selective PIT in Group Non-Differential than in Group Differential subjects. This result is discussed in terms of the roles played by context-outcome, response-outcome, and outcome-response associations during instrumental learning. The results further help us understand the nature of Pavlovian-instrumental interactions in specific PIT tasks.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Pavlovian-Instrumental Transfer" }, { "word": "PIT" }, { "word": "Stimulus-Response Overshadowing" }, { "word": "Associative Structures" }, { "word": "Pavlovian Conditioning" }, { "word": "S-R Learning" }, { "word": "R-O association" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4ft1h92h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kerry", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Gilroy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brooklyn College - CUNY", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ebony", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Everett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brooklyn College - CUNY", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Delamater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brooklyn College - CUNY", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-08-28T19:10:23-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-08-28T19:10:23-04:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5324/galley/3187/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5323, "title": "The Instrumentally-Derived Incentive-Motivational Function", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Though differential reinforcement, a discriminative stimulus (SD) acquires two properties. The operant contingency is responsible for the SDs \nresponse-discriminative\n property. However, as stimulus control develops an SD also acquires \nincentive-motivational\n properties through its association with reinforcement changes. A systematic series of experiments are described that breaks the usual co-variation of response and reinforcement rates in most discriminative operant situations. In three groups, SDs (a tone and a light) occasioned steady moderate lever pressing in rats that ceased when neither SD was present. Probably of reinforcement in these SDs, relative to when both were off, was systematically manipulated to make them incentive-motivationally excitatory, neutral or inhibitory. In each SD, for the “excitatory” group reinforcement (food) probability increased from 0 to 100%, for the “neutral” group it was unchanged and for the “inhibitory” group it decreased from 100 to 0%. Although behaviorally indistinguishable in training, a stimulus-compounding assay revealed that tone-plus-light tripled response rate in the incentive-excitatory group, doubled rate in the incentive-neutral group and didn’t increase rate in the incentive-inhibitory group – producing the instrumentally derived incentive-motivational function for the first time. This is discussed context of two-process learning theory, a functional analysis of transfer-of-control research plus how the response-discriminative and incentive-motivational properties acquired by an SD contribute to the stimulus control of behavior.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Incentive Motivation" }, { "word": "Two-process Learning Theory" }, { "word": "Differential Reinforcement" }, { "word": "Operant-classical Intersections" }, { "word": "Operant-classical Interactions" }, { "word": "Stimulus Compounding" }, { "word": "Stimulus control" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1mj192cg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stanley", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Weiss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-08-15T15:04:03-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-08-15T15:04:03-04:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5323/galley/3186/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5332, "title": "The Many Faces of Pavlovian Conditioning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Is Pavlovian conditioning the same thing as Pavlovian conditioning? Though that question seems tautological, this article shows that it is not, because Pavlovian conditioning has at least three different meanings: Pavlovian conditioning is (1) a procedure, (2) the learning phenomenon observed in that same procedure and (3) the learning process explaining the phenomenon observed in that procedure. If we look at this third meaning from an evolutionary point of view, it seems extremely unlikely that a single Pavlovian conditioning process is responsible for learning in all procedures classified as Pavlovian conditioning -- a conclusion that supported by behavioral and neural data. In the end, it seems that it might be better to drop the term Pavlovian conditioning to designate a learning process and to stop the quest for a single process explaining all Pavlovian learning. Instead, it would be more fruitful to understand under which condition a particular model of Pavlovian learning holds. The same conclusion applies to other research field in the psychology of learning, notably operant conditioning and statistical learning.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "associative learning" }, { "word": "Pavlovian Conditioning" }, { "word": "natural selection" }, { "word": "Neurosciences" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0bg0b3kq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeremie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jozefowiez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Université Lille Nord de France", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2014-10-15T13:36:31-04:00", "date_accepted": "2014-10-15T13:36:31-04:00", "date_published": "2014-11-30T03:00:00-05:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5332/galley/3193/download/" } ] } ] }