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{ "count": 38421, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=28300", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=28100", "results": [ { "pk": 38158, "title": "Homogeneity, Heterogeneity, Pigs and Pandas in Human History", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Historians are curious creatures. We believe nowadays in the uniqueness of events, so much so that notions of regularity, pattern, and system have become inherently suspect. Sometimes efforts to see these in the human past are deemed evidence of some nefarious political inclination toward domination or imperialism. Thus we ordinarily leave the very big picture to others, such as journalists, sociologists, or even biologists such as Jared Diamond [6]. Their work offers a challenge from which historians usually shrink, although that charge cannot be leveled at David Christian [3] who has recently sought to find regular patterns not only in human history, but throughout the history of the Universe. In this chapter I offer two different attempts to identify big patterns, regularity, and system in human history. The first concerns a proposed pattern in the evolution of differentiation and integration in human culture, or, as I put it, using terms for the conditions rather than the processes, heterogeneity and homogeneity. The second considers analogies between animal species and human societies.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zc4c7cj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "McNeill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-18T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-18T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38158/galley/28723/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38159, "title": "Labeling and Analyzing Historical Phenomena: Some Preliminary Challenges", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A serious obstacle to the search for a more scientific history is that humans label themselves and their actions. These labels can be extremely sticky and often obscure the categories which might be most useful for seeking regularities. Another, related, problem is a focus on dramatic events that seem to be relatively rare and are commonly recognized as landmarks, e.g. political and industrial revolutions. Having formed several of these major events into a class, scientifically-minded historians have then often searched for a very small set of discrete variables that could predict the occurrence or non-occurrence of these very special events. By contrast, I would argue that we are likely to be better off by looking at more general processes that may include but are not limited to these dramatic events, and looking for clusters of variables which interact with each other; the hoped-for result would usually be not to explain the categorical presence or absence of some process (e.g., “economic development”) but to group many cases into families, seeking to explain both within-group and between-group variation by means of systematic comparison.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0fz718rc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Pomeranz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-21T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-21T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38159/galley/28724/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38156, "title": "Meta-History’s Dangerous Dream", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "“Big History” and “meta-history” are grounded in an ancient lamentation over the segmentation of human existence, the alienation from an original sense of oneness. In this paper I am doing my disciplinary duty by providing a deflating historical counterweight to the desire to overcome those last remaining obstacles on the path to a complete account. For me at least, the difficulties in reaching a complete account in a common language remain; nor am I persuaded that the difficulties are merely technical. The difficulties are deeply engrained not just in modern disciplinary thought but in cognition as such. Indeed, the very goal of a complete account in a common language seems to me to be based on a false view of disciplinary distinctions as well as a false understanding of what we ought to wish for, our real interests.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d91g56g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Geoffrey", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Harpham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Humanities Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-22T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-22T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38156/galley/28721/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38155, "title": "Regularities in Human Affairs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When we review the course of human history or the results of anthropological research we see a delicate interplay of regularity and randomness. This article discusses several regularities in human affairs, including approximate mathematical laws, such as the logistic equation, and semi-empirical regularities, such as a power law or a Guttman scale. The search for regularities in human history is becoming a trifle more respectable than it was formerly. That could well portend some significant improvement in our ability to discuss the human future.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gr6z77m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Murray", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gell-Mann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Fe Institute", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-21T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-21T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38155/galley/28720/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38157, "title": "The Star Gazer and the Flesh Eater: Elements of a Theory of Metahistory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this chapter, I have identified shared elements of historical explanations. Coming from a background in an historical, natural science, I have sought to describe a few key concepts that might prove of some value in an empirically-based historical analysis more generally. These include the concepts of regularity, complexity, criticality, coarse-graining, intensivity and extensivity, levels of selection, major transitions, and emergence. These are not in circulation in current historiography, which has tended to steer away from the analysis of large, quantitative data sets, but could provide new concepts for organizing phenomena when this tendency is overcome. In discussing these various mechanisms and principles, I have tried to establish the legitimacy of a meta-history – a field of history that encompasses elements of physics, biology, anthropology, archeology, and more recent human culture. This is distinct from the practice of Big History – seeking to explore grand narratives encompassing both naturalistic and cultural dynamics – and stresses a variety of problems, concepts and methods that might be applicable to all historical fields.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mv0h48t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Krakauer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Fe Institute", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-20T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-20T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38157/galley/28722/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38160, "title": "Toward Cliodynamics – an Analytical, Predictive Science of History", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This article responds to those who think that a science of history is in principle impossible. First, I tackle the issue of prediction and point out that it is not limited to forecasting the future. Scientific prediction is also (an much more usefully) employed in empirical tests of scientific theories. Next, I switch from conceptual to empirical issues, and review evidence for general empirical regularities. I also discuss some recent examples of using scientific prediction in testing theories about historical dynamics. I conlcude by pointing out that we now have the right quantitative tools and, even more important, a growing corpus of historical data for testing theories. An analytical, predictive history, or cliodynamics, is eminently possible.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82s3p5hj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Turchin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-20T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-20T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38160/galley/28725/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38154, "title": "War, Peace, and Everything: Thoughts on Tolstoy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "What Clausewitz and Tolstoy were trying to do was to derive from the experiences of history the laws governing it. Although they failed, these 19th-century thinkers, each operating from a different perspective, anticipated what we’ve come to call chaos and complexity theory.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "History" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wn9b6mn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Gaddis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-22T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-22T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-31T08:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38154/galley/28719/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43896, "title": "UCLA Anticoagulation Management Service: A Continuous Quality Improvement Endeavor", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31c6m1kx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fish", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Michelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brandon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koretz", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2011-03-31T07:32:03+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43896/galley/32699/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18070, "title": "A Case Study with an Identified Bully: Policy and Practice Implications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Bullying is a serious public health problem that may include verbal or physical injury as well as social isolation or exclusion. As a result, research is needed to establish a database for policies and interventions designed to prevent bullying and its negative effects. This paper presented a case study that contributed to the literature by describing an intervention for bullies that has implications for research, practice and related policies regarding bullying.\n\n\nMethods: An individualized intervention for an identified bully was implemented using the Participatory Culture-Specific Intervention Model (PCSIM; Nastasi, Moore, & Varjas, 2004) with a seventh-grade middle school student. Ecological and culture-specific perspectives were used to develop and implement the intervention that included psychoeducational sessions with the student and consultation with the parent and school personnel. A mixed methods intervention design was used with the following informants: the target student, the mother of the student, a teacher and the school counselor. Qualitative data included semi-structured interviews with the parent, teacher and student, narrative classroom observations and evaluation/feedback forms filled out by the student and interventionist. Quantitative data included the following quantitative surveys (i.e., Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index [CPTS-RI] and the Behavior Assessment Scale for Children, 2nd Edition). Both qualitative and quantitative data were used to evaluate the acceptability, integrity and efficacy of this intervention.\n\n\nResults: The process of intervention design, implementation and evaluation are described through an illustrative case study. Qualitative and quantitative findings indicated a decrease in internalizing, externalizing and bullying behaviors as reported by the teacher and the mother, and a high degree of acceptability and treatment integrity as reported by multiple stakeholders.\n\n\nConclusion: This case study provided important contributions by describing an intervention that is targeted to specific needs of the bully by designing culture specific interventions and working with the student’s unique environmental contexts. Additional contributions included the use of mixed methods to document acceptability, integrity and efficacy of an intervention with documented positive effects in these areas. In addition, implications for policy and practice related to the treatment of students identified as bullies and future research needs are discussed. [West J Emerg Med 2011; XX(X)XX-XX].", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Child Psychology" }, { "word": "Economics" }, { "word": "Public health" }, { "word": "Student Counseling and Personnel Services" } ], "section": "Youth Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6w9819m2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lillie", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Huddleston", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varjas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meyers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Catherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cadenhead", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-20T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-20T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18070/galley/9211/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17865, "title": "Accidental Carotid Artery Cannulation Detected by Bedside Ultrasound", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This report highlights the importance of using bedside ultrasound in the emergency department to confirm guide-wire placement when performing central venous catheter placement prior to dilating and cannulating the vessel. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):100-101.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "central venous catheter" }, { "word": "arterial puncture" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Ultrasound", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35s3m18h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiles", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Arun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nagdev", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-18T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-18T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17865/galley/9119/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17825, "title": "A Detailed Analysis of Prehospital Interventions in Common Medical Priority Dispatch System Determinants", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Medical Priority Dispatch System (MPDS) is a type of Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD) system used to prioritize 9-1-1 calls and optimize resource allocation. Dispatchers use a series of scripted questions to assign determinants to calls based on chief complaint and acuity.\n\n\nObjective: We analyzed the prehospital interventions performed on patients with MPDS determinants for breathing problems, chest pain, unknown problem (man down), seizures, fainting (unconscious) and falls for transport status and interventions.\n\n\nMethods: We matched all prehospital patients in complaint-based categories for breathing problems, chest pain, unknown problem (man down), seizures, fainting (unconscious) and falls from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2006, with their prehospital record. Calls were queried for the following prehospital interventions: Basic Life Support care only, intravenous line placement only, medication given, procedures or non-transport. We defined Advanced Life Support (ALS) interventions as the administration of a medication or a procedure.\n\n\nResults: Of the 77,394 MPDS calls during this period, 31,318 (40%) patients met inclusion criteria. Breathing problems made up 12.2%, chest pain 6%, unknown problem 1.4%, seizures 3%, falls 9% and unconscious/fainting 9% of the total number of MPDS calls. Patients with breathing problem had a low rate of procedures (0.7%) and cardiac arrest medications (1.6%) with 38% receiving some medication. Chest pain patients had a similar distribution; procedures (0.5%), cardiac arrest medication (1.5%) and any medication (64%). Unknown problem: procedures (1%), cardiac arrest medication (1.3%), any medication (18%). Patients with Seizures had a low rate of procedures (1.1%) and cardiac arrest medications (0.6%) with 20% receiving some medication. Fall patients had a lower rate of severe illness with more medication, mostly morphine: procedures (0.2%), cardiac arrest medication (0.2%), all medications (28%). Unconscious/fainting patients received the following interventions: procedures (0.3%), cardiac arrest medication (1.9%), all medications (32%). Few stepwise increases in the rate of procedures or medications were seen as determinants increased in acuity.\n\n\nConclusion: Among these common MPDS complaint-based categories, the rates of advanced procedures and cardiac arrest medications were low. ALS medications were common in all categories and most determinants. Multiple determinants were rarely used and did not show higher rates of interventions with increasing acuity. Many MPDS determinants are of modest use to predict ALS intervention. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):19-29.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Ambulances/utilization" }, { "word": "Emergency Medical Dispatch" }, { "word": "risk assessment" }, { "word": "triage" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Disaster Medicine/ Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/263796k4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karl", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Sporer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-30T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-09-30T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17825/galley/9102/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18047, "title": "Adoption of the 2006 Field Triage Decision Scheme for Injured Patients", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: When emergency medical services (EMS) providers respond to the scene of an injury, they must decide where to transport the injured patients for further evaluation and treatment. This is done through a process known as “field triage”, whereby a patient’s injuries are matched to the most appropriate hospital. In 2005-2006 the National Expert Panel on Field Triage, convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, revised the 1999 American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma Field Triage Decision Scheme. This revision, the 2006 Field Triage Decision Scheme, was published in 2006.\n\n\nMethods: State Public Health departments’ and EMS’ external websites were evaluated to ascertain the current status of implementation of the 2006 Field Triage Decision Scheme.\n\n\nResults: Information regarding field triage was located for 41 states. In nine states no information regarding field triage was available on their websites. Of the 41 states where information was located, seven were classified as “full adopters” of the 2006 Field Triage Decision Scheme; nine were considered “partial adopters”; 17 states were found to be using a full version or modification of the 1999 Field Triage Decision Scheme; and eight states were considered to be using a different protocol or scheme for field triage.\n\n\nConclusion: Many states have adopted the 2006 Decision Scheme (full or partial). Further investigation is needed to determine the reasons why some states do not adopt the guidelines. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):275-283.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Keywords: Emergency medical services" }, { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "triage" }, { "word": "transportation" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Surgery" } ], "section": "Injury Control and Response", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dq1m7c0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Sasser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ossmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marlena", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Wald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Injury Response, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "E.", "middle_name": "Brooke", "last_name": "Lerner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine, Milwaukee, WI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Hunt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Injury Response, \tAtlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-20T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-20T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18047/galley/9201/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17879, "title": "Akathisia after Cyclic Antidepressants Poisoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):120.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "tricyclic antidepressants poisoning akathisia" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cr85228", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fleur", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "André-Mathieu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Philippe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hantson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17879/galley/9127/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17835, "title": "Analgesia for Older Adults with Abdominal or\t Back Pain in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To determine the association between age and analgesia for emergency department (ED) patients with abdominal or back pain.\n\n\nMethods: Using a fully electronic medical record, we performed a retrospective cohort study of adults presenting with abdominal or back pain to two urban EDs. To assess differences in analgesia administration and time to analgesia between age groups, we used chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis test respectively. To adjust for potential confounders, we used a generalized linear model with log link and Gaussian error.\n\n\nResults: Of 24,752 subjects (mean age 42 years, 65% female, 69% black, mean triage pain score 7.5), the majority (76%) had abdominal pain and 61% received analgesia. The ≥80 years group (n=722; 3%), compared to the 65-79 years group (n=2,080; 8%) and to the (n=21,950; 89%), was more often female (71 vs. 61 vs. 65%), black (72 vs. 65 vs. 69%), and had a lower mean pain score (6.6 vs. 7.1 vs. 7.6). Both older groups were less likely to receive any analgesia (48 vs. 59 vs. 62%, p<0.0001) and the oldest group less likely to receive opiates (35 vs. 47 vs. 44%, p<0.0001). Of those who received analgesia, both older groups waited longer for their medication (123 vs. 113 vs. 94 minutes; p<0.0001). After controlling for potential confounders, patients ≥80 years were 17% less likely than the <65 years group to receive analgesia (95% CI 14-20%).\n\n\nConclusion: Older adults who present to the ED for abdominal or back pain are less likely to receive analgesia and wait significantly longer for pain medication compared to younger adults. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1);43-50.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Analgesia" }, { "word": "abdominal pain" }, { "word": "back pain" }, { "word": "Older Adults" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Geriatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nr5c520", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Mills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "J. Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Edwards", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Frances", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Shofer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Carolina, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Holena", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Surgery, Division of Traumatology and Surgical Critical Care, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Abbuhl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-05-10T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-05-10T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17835/galley/9107/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17948, "title": "Applying Lean: Implementation of a Rapid Triage and Treatment System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Emergency department (ED) crowding creates issues with patient satisfaction, long wait times and leaving the ED without being seen by a doctor (LWBS). Our objective was to evaluate how applying Lean principles to develop a Rapid Triage and Treatment (RTT) system affected ED metrics in our community hospital.\n\n\nMethods: Using Lean principles, we made ED process improvements that led to the RTT system. Using this system, patients undergo a rapid triage with low-acuity patients seen and treated by a physician in the triage area. No changes in staffing, physical space or hospital resources occurred during the study period. We then performed a retrospective, observational study comparing hospital electronic medical record data six months before and six months after implementation of the RTT system.\n\n\nResults: ED census was 30,981 in the six months prior to RTT and 33,926 after. Ambulance arrivals, ED patient acuity and hospital admission rates were unchanged throughout the study periods. Mean ED length of stay was longer in the period before RTT (4.2 hours, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.2-4.3; standard deviation [SD] = 3.9) than after (3.6 hours, 95% CI = 3.6-3.7; SD = 3.7). Mean ED arrival to physician start time was 62.2 minutes (95% CI = 61.5-63.0; SD = 58.9) prior to RTT and 41.9 minutes (95% CI = 41.5-42.4; SD = 30.9) after. The LWBS rate for the six months prior to RTT was 4.5% (95% CI = 3.1-5.5) and 1.5% (95% CI = 0.6-1.8) after RTT initiation.\n\n\nConclusion: Our experience shows that changes in ED processes using Lean thinking and available resources can improve efficiency. In this community hospital ED, use of an RTT system decreased patient wait times and LWBS rates. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):184-191.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency department overcrowding" }, { "word": "wait times" }, { "word": "Patient flow" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Administration", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48v0z89n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karen", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Murrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kaiser Permanente, Department of Emergency Medicine, South Sacramento Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Offerman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kaiser Permanente, Department of Emergency Medicine, South Sacramento Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Kauffman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kaiser Permanente, Department of Emergency Medicine, South Sacramento Medical Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-19T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-19T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17948/galley/9161/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18038, "title": "Approaching Injury and Violence Prevention through Public Health Policy: A Window of Opportunity to Renew Our Focus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):271-272.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Injury" }, { "word": "Violence" }, { "word": "Prevention" }, { "word": "Policu" }, { "word": "Public health" } ], "section": "Health Policy Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r17v0f3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Linda", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Degutis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-02T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-02T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18038/galley/9198/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18091, "title": "A Recap: 2010-2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "A Recap: 2010-2011" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81h447hb", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18091/galley/9222/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17991, "title": "Artifact Simulating Fracture on Cervical Spine Computed Tomography", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present the case of a 31-year-old trauma patient with computed tomography concerning significant C3-C4 subluxation. The abnormality is due to an artifact with which emergency physicians should be aware. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):240-241.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "Cervical Spine" }, { "word": "subluxation pseudosubluxation" }, { "word": "CT" }, { "word": "Artifact" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Neurology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85w1s9jb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lee", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Shockley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Denver Health Medical Center, The University of Colorado School of Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Kendall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Denver Health Medical Center; The University of Colorado School of Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-18T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-18T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17991/galley/9183/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18069, "title": "Associations between Electronic Media Use and Involvement in Violence, Alcohol and Drug Use among United States High School Students", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: We identified associations between time spent watching television and time spent playing video or computer games or using computers and involvement in interpersonal violence, alcohol and drug use in a nationally representative sample of United States high school students.\n\n\nMethods: We analyzed data from the 2007 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Exposure variables were time spent watching television and time spent playing computer or video games or using computers (hereafter denoted as “computer/video game use”) on an average school day; outcome variables included multiple measures assessing involvement in violence and alcohol or drug use. Chi-square tests were used to identify statistically significant associations between each exposure variable and each of the outcome variables. We used logistic regression to obtain crude odds ratios for outcome variables with a significant chi-square p-value and to obtain adjusted odds ratios controlling for sex, race, and grade in school.\n\n\nResults: Overall, 35.4% (95% CI=33.1%-37.7%) of students reported frequent television (TV) use and 24.9% (95% CI=22.9%-27.0%) reported frequent computer/video game use. A number of risk behaviors, including involvement in physical fights and initiation of alcohol use before age 13, were significantly associated with frequent TV use or frequent computer/video game use, even after controlling for sex, race/ethnicity and grade.\n\n\nConclusion: Findings highlight the need for additional research to better understand the mechanisms by which electronic media exposure and health-risk behaviors are associated and for the development of strategies that seek to understand how the content and context (e.g., watching with peers, having computer in common area) of media use influence risk behaviors among youth. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):310-315.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "youth" }, { "word": "students" }, { "word": "TV" }, { "word": "Media" }, { "word": "computer" }, { "word": "Fighting" }, { "word": "alcohol use" }, { "word": "drug use" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" } ], "section": "Youth Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66s8b252", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maxine", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Denniston", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Swahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marci", "middle_name": "Feldman", "last_name": "Hertz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Romero", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-21T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-21T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18069/galley/9210/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18086, "title": "A Survey of Georgia Adult Protective Service Staff: Implications for Older Adult Injury Prevention and Policy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: The aging population is a rapidly growing demographic. Isolation and limited autonomy render many of the elderly vulnerable to abuse, neglect and exploitation. As the population grows, so does the need for Adult Protective Services (APS). This study was conducted to examine current knowledge of older adult protection laws in Georgia among APS staff and to identify training opportunities to better prepare the APS workforce in case detection and intervention.\n\n\nMethods: The Georgia State University Institute of Public Health faculty developed a primary survey in partnership with the Georgia Division of Aging Services’ leadership to identify key training priority issues for APS caseworkers and investigators. A 47-item electronic questionnaire was delivered to all APS employees via work-issued email accounts. We conducted descriptive analyses, t-tests and chi-square analyses to determine APS employees’ baseline knowledge of Georgia’s elder abuse policies, laws and practices, as well as examine associations of age, ethnicity, and educational attainment with knowledge. We used a p-value of 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals to determine statistical significance of analyses performed.\n\n\nResult: Ninety-two out of 175 APS staff responded to the survey (53% response rate). The majority of respondents were Caucasian (56%) women (92%). For over half the survey items, paired sample t-tests revealed significant differences between what APS staff reported as known and what APS staff members indicated they needed to know more about in terms of elder abuse and current policies. Chi-square tests revealed that non-Caucasians significantly preferred video conferencing as a training format (44% compared to 18%), [χ2(1) = 7.102, p < .008], whereas Caucasians preferred asynchronous online learning formats (55% compared to 28%) [χ2(1) =5.951, p < .015].\n\n\nConclusion: Results from this study provide the Georgia Division of Aging with insight into specific policy areas that are not well understood by APS staff. Soliciting input from intended trainees allows public health educators to tailor and improve training sessions. Trainee input may result in optimization of policy implementation, which may result in greater injury prevention and protection of older adults vulnerable to abuse, neglect and exploitation. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):357-364.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Adult Protective Services (APS)" }, { "word": "training" }, { "word": "survey" }, { "word": "Health Services Research" } ], "section": "Elder Maltreatment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kd2s3h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sheryl", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Strasser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kerr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "King", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Department of Human Services, Division of Aging Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Payne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Department of Criminal Justice, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beddington", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pendrick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leyda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Frances", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCarty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-18T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-18T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18086/galley/9219/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17877, "title": "Cardiac Tamponade after Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Graft", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):116-117.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency ultrasound" }, { "word": "pericardial effusion" }, { "word": "shortness of breath" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42r01665", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erica", "middle_name": "Chiu", "last_name": "Liang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Standord/Kaiser Emergency Medicine Residency Program", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rossi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Standord/Kaiser Emergency Medicine Residency Program", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laleh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gharahbaghian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-08T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-08T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17877/galley/9125/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17922, "title": "Challenging the Pathophysiologic Connection between Subdural Hematoma, Retinal Hemorrhage and Shaken Baby Syndrome", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Child abuse experts use diagnostic findings of subdural hematoma and retinal hemorrhages as near-pathognomonic findings to diagnose shaken baby syndrome. This article reviews the origin of this link and casts serious doubt on the specificity of the pathophysiologic connection. The forces required to cause brain injury were derived from an experiment of high velocity impacts on monkeys, that generated forces far above those which might occur with a shaking mechanism. These forces, if present, would invariably cause neck trauma, which is conspicuously absent in most babies allegedly injured by shaking. Subdural hematoma may also be the result of common birth trauma, complicated by prenatal vitamin D deficiency, which also contributes to the appearance of long bone fractures commonly associated with child abuse. Retinal hemorrhage is a non-specific finding that occurs with many causes of increased intracranial pressure, including infection and hypoxic brain injury. The evidence challenging these connections should prompt emergency physicians and others who care for children to consider a broad differential diagnosis before settling on occult shaking as the de-facto cause. While childhood non-accidental trauma is certainly a serious problem, the wide exposure of this information may have the potential to exonerate some innocent care-givers who have been convicted, or may be accused, of child abuse. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):144-158.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "SBS" }, { "word": "RH" }, { "word": "Child abuse" }, { "word": "American/U.S. Law/Legal Studies/Jurisprudence" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Pediatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7z55j01t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Gabaeff", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emergency Medicine and Clinical Forensic Medicine, Sacramento, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-09-01T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-09-01T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17922/galley/9146/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17830, "title": "Characteristics of Patients with an Abnormal Glasgow Coma Scale in the Prehospital Setting", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: This cross-sectional study describes the characteristics of patients with an abnormal Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in the prehospital setting.\n\n\nMethods: We reviewed existing prehospital care reports (PCRs) in the San Mateo County, California, emergency medical services (EMS) database from January 1 to December 31, 2007. Adults age 18 or greater with a documented GCS fit inclusion criteria. We excluded single and multisystem trauma patients, as well as patients in cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, or listed as deceased from the study. We classified the remaining patients as a normal GCS of 15 or abnormal (defined as less than 15 at any time during paramedic contact), and then further sub-classified into mild (GCS 13-14), moderate (GCS 9-12) or severe (GCS 3-8).\n\n\nResults: Of the 12,235 unique prehospital care record in the database, 9,044 (73.9%) met inclusion criteria, comprised of 2,404 (26.6%) abnormal GCS patients and 6,640 (73.4%) normal GCS patients. In the abnormal GCS category, we classified 1,361 (56.6%) patients as mild, 628 (26.1%) as moderate, and 415 (17.3%) as severe. Where sex was recorded, we identified 1,214 (50.5%) abnormal GCS patients and 2,904 (43.7%) normal GCS patients as male. Mean age was 65.6 years in the abnormal GCS group and 61.4 in the normal GCS group (p<0.0001). Abnormal GCS patients were more likely to have a history of conditions known to be associated, such as alcohol abuse (odds ratio [OR] 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.75-3.00), diabetes (OR 1.34, 95% CI=1.17-1.54), substance abuse (OR 1.6, CI=1.09-2.3), stroke/transient ischemic attack (OR 2.0, CI=1.64-2.5), and seizures (OR 3.0, CI=1.64-2.5). Paramedics established intravenous (IV) access on 1,821 (75.7%, OR 1.94, CI=1.74-2.2) abnormal GCS patients and administered medications to 777 (32.3%, OR 1.01, CI=0.92-1.12). Compared to patients with normal GCS, patients with a mildly abnormal GCS were less likely to receive medications (OR 0.61, CI=0.53-0.70) while those with a moderately or severely abnormal GCS were more likely (OR 1.27, CI=1.07-1.50 and OR 2.86, CI=2.34-3.49, respectively). Of the normal GCS patients, 4,097 (61.7%) received an IV and 2,125 (32.0%) received medications by any route.\n\n\nConclusion: Twenty-seven percent of all prehospital patients in our study presented with an abnormal GCS. Prehospital patients with an abnormal GCS are more likely to be male, slightly older, and have higher rates of history of alcohol use or seizure. This group of patients had a higher rate of IV placement. Patients with a mildly abnormal GCS were less likely to receive medications while those with a moderately or severely abnormal GCS were more likely. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):30-36.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "altered mental status" }, { "word": "Altered Level of Consciousness" }, { "word": "emergency medical services/standards" }, { "word": "emergency medical services/utilization" }, { "word": "risk assessment" }, { "word": "traige" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Disaster Medicine/ Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4br3h5h5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Durant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Karl", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Sporer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-12-24T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-12-24T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17830/galley/9105/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17843, "title": "Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Within the next 30 years, the number of visits older adults will make to emergency departments (EDs) is expected to double from 16 million, or 14% of all visits, to 34 million and comprise nearly a quarter of all visits.\n\n\nObjective: The objectives of this study were to determine prevalence rates of cognitive impairment among older adults in the ED and to identify associations, if any, between environmental factors unique to the ED and rates of cognitive impairment.\n\n\nMethods: A cross-sectional observational study of adults 65 and older admitted to the ED of a large, urban, tertiary academic health center was conducted between September 2007 and May 2008. Patients were screened for cognitive impairment in orientation, recall and executive function using the Six-Item Screen (SIS) and the CLOX1, clock drawing task. Cognitive impairment among this ED population was assessed and both patient demographics and ED characteristics (crowding, triage time, location of assessment, triage class) were compared through adjusted generalized linear models.\n\n\nResults: Forty-two percent (350/829) of elderly patients presented with deficits in orientation and recall as assessed by the SIS. An additional 36% of elderly patients with no impairment in orientation or recall had deficits in executive function as assessed by the CLOX1. In full model adjusted analyses patients were more likely to screen deficits in orientation and recall (SIS) if they were 85 years or older (Relative Risk [RR]=1.63, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]=1.3-2.07), black (RR=1.85, 95% CI=1.5-2.4) and male (RR=1.42, 95% CI=1.2-1.7). Only age was significantly associated with executive functioning deficits in the ED screened using the clock drawing task (CLOX1) (75-84 years: RR=1.35, 95% CI= 1.2-1.6; 85+ years: RR=1.69, 95% CI= 1.5-2.0).\n\n\nConclusion: These findings have several implications for patients seen in the ED. The SIS coupled with a clock drawing task (CLOX1) provide a rapid and simple method for assessing and documenting cognition when lengthier assessment tools are not feasible and add to the literature on the use of these tools in the ED. Further research on provider use of these tools and potential implication for quality improvement is needed. [West J Emerg Med. 2011; 12(1):56-62.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "older adult" }, { "word": "cognitive impairment" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Geriatrics" } ], "section": "Geriatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/91r846s7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hirschman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Helen", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Paik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jesse", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Pines", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "McCusker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Naylor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Judd", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Hollander", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-12-03T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-12-03T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17843/galley/9109/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17993, "title": "Comparison of Pressures Applied by Digital Tourniquets in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Digital tourniquets used in the emergency department have been scrutinized due to complications associated with their use, including neurovascular injury secondary to excessive tourniquet pressure and digital ischemia caused by a forgotten tourniquet. To minimize these risks, a conspicuous tourniquet that applies the least amount of pressure necessary to maintain hemostasis is recommended.\n\n\nObjective: To evaluate the commonly used tourniquet methods, the Penrose drain, rolled glove, the Tourni-cot and the T-Ring, to determine which applies the lowest pressure while consistently preventing digital perfusion.\n\n\nMethods: We measured the circumference of selected digits of 200 adult males and 200 adult females to determine the adult finger size range. We then measured the pressure applied to four representative finger sizes using a pressure monitor and assessed the ability of each method to prevent digital blood flow with a pulse oximeter.\n\n\nResults: We selected four representative finger sizes: 45mm, 65mm, 70mm, and 85mm to test the different tourniquet methods. All methods consistently prevented digital perfusion. The highest pressure recorded for the Penrose drain was 727 mmHg, the clamped rolled glove 439, the unclamped rolled glove 267, Tourni-cot 246, while the T-Ring had the lowest at 151 mmHg and least variable pressures of all methods.\n\n\nConclusion: All tested methods provided adequate hemostasis. Only the Tourni-cot and T-Ring provided hemostasis at safe pressures across all digit sizes with the T-Ring having a lower overall average pressure. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):242-249.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "digital tourniquets" }, { "word": "emergency" }, { "word": "finger" }, { "word": "HAND" }, { "word": "digits" }, { "word": "hemostasis" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3gv4r12v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shadi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lahham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Khoa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mickey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Viet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Shahram", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lotfipour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Craig", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency, Orange, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "J", "middle_name": "Christian", "last_name": "Fox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-12T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-12T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17993/galley/9184/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17860, "title": "Contagious Weakness in an Elderly Couple with Neurologic Emergencies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present an unusual neurologic emergency in an elderly male patient. Given his presentation and risk factors, we presumed the initial symptoms to be secondary to a cerebrovascular accident. As the case evolved, however, it became apparent that a more unusual pathology was present. This case report showcases a rare condition masquerading as a common neurologic emergency. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):87-89.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "botulism" }, { "word": "Neurologic Emergency" }, { "word": "stroke" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Neuroscience", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xj7n759", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cari", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Matthews", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center San Diego, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Vikram", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Garg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Pallabi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanyal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kandan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baban", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grudko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Scripps Green Hospital, La Jolla, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Field", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center San Diego, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-05T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-04-05T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17860/galley/9114/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17891, "title": "Delayed Duodenal Hematoma and Pancreatitis from a Seatbelt Injury", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Traumatic duodenal hematoma is a rare condition that is encountered in the paediatric age group following blunt abdominal trauma. It poses both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The main concern is increased morbidity secondary to delayed diagnosis and associated occult injuries to the adjacent structures. Most of these hematomas resolve spontaneously with conservative management, and the prognosis is good. We present a case of a 15-year-old boy who had a delayed presentation of duodenal hematoma and acute pancreatitis, which was treated conservatively with complete resolution. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):128-130.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Duodenal hematoma" }, { "word": "acute pancreatitis" }, { "word": "Blunt abdominal trauma" }, { "word": "Children" }, { "word": "Conservative Management" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "Surgery" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n4728ds", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeAmbrosis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ipswich General Hospital, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Manjunath", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Subramanya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ipswich General Hospital, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Breda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Memon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ipswich General Hospital, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Muhammed", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Memon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ipswich General Hospital, Ipswich, QLD, Australia, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, Bolton University, Bolton, UK", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-10T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-04-10T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17891/galley/9132/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18015, "title": "Depression Among Residents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Depression Among Residents" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r2577nf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Montessa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tenny", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18015/galley/9193/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17862, "title": "Differential Use of Diagnostic Ultrasound in U.S. Emergency Departments by Time of Day", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Survey data over the last several decades suggests that emergency department (ED) access to diagnostic ultrasound performed by the radiology department is unreliable, particularly outside of regular business hours.\n\n\nObjective: To evaluate the association between the time of day of patient presentation and the use of diagnostic ultrasound services in United States (U.S.) EDs.\n\n\nMethods: This was a cross-sectional study of ED patient visits using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for the years 2003 to 2005. Our main outcome measure was the use of diagnostic ultrasound during the ED patient visit as abstracted from the medical record. We performed multivariate analyses to identify any association between ultrasound use and time of presentation for all patients, as well as for two subgroups who are more likely to need ultrasound as part of their routine workup: patients at risk of deep venous thrombosis, and patients at risk for ectopic pregnancy.\n\n\nResults: During the three-year period, we analyzed 110,447 patient encounters, representing 39 million national visits. Of all ED visits, 2.6% received diagnostic ultrasound. Presenting to the ED “off hours” (defined as Monday through Friday 7pm to 7am and weekends) was associated with a lower rate of ultrasound use independent of potential confounders (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65 - 0.82). Patients at increased risk of deep venous thrombosis who presented to the ED during “off hours” were also less likely to undergo diagnostic ultrasound (OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15 - 0.79). Similarly, patients at increased risk of ectopic pregnancy received fewer diagnostic ultrasounds during “off hours” (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35 - 0.91).\n\n\nConclusion: In U.S. EDs, ultrasound use was lower during “off hours,” even among patient populations where its use would be strongly indicated. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):90-95.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Quality" }, { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "Healthcare Delivery" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Ultrasound", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kr4f49x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Stein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California - San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Vanessa", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Jacoby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vittinghoff", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Calfornia, San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ralph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kwan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Teri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reynolds", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McAlpine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ralph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gonzales", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-27T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-27T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17862/galley/9116/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17911, "title": "Disaster Management and Emergency Medicine in Malaysia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gv4h27b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17911/galley/9142/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17967, "title": "Does Pelvic Exam in the Emergency Department Add Useful Information?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Physicians are taught that the pelvic exam is a key part of the evaluation of a woman presenting with abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. However, the exam is time consuming and invasive, and its use in the emergency department (ED) has not been prospectively evaluated. We evaluated how often the findings of the pelvic exam changed management in a cohort of consecutive female patients presenting with acute abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding.\n\n\nMethods: We enrolled women who required a pelvic exam together with the providers caring for them in an academic ED from September 2004 to August 2005. We collected the results of the general history and physical exam. The provider was asked to predict the findings of the pelvic exam, and these were compared with the actual findings of the exam.\n\n\nResults: One hundred eighty-three patients were prospectively entered into the study. When compared with predicted findings, the pelvic exam was as expected in 131 patients (72%). In a further 40 patients (22%), the findings of the pelvic exam were not as predicted, but resulted in no change in the clinical plan. In 12 cases (6%) the exam revealed a finding that was both unexpected and changed the clinical plan. Only one of these patients was admitted. Of the 24 patients who were admitted, four had a pelvic exam that revealed unexpected results, but only one of these cases caused the physician to change the care planned for the patient.\n\n\nConclusion: In 94% of women with acute abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding, the results of the pelvic exam were either predictable or had no effect on the clinical plan. This suggests that there may be a subset of women with abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding in whom a pelvic exam may safely be deferred. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):208-212.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Gynecology" }, { "word": "pelvic exam" }, { "word": "utility" }, { "word": "Use" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Women's Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/10j2b8t5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeremy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flemming", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jamie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aristizabal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rocksolana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gishta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17967/galley/9176/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18072, "title": "Dyadic Characteristics and Intimate Partner Violence among Men Who Have Sex with Men", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Although the research community has begun to recognize intimate partner violence (IPV) as an important issue in same-sex relationships, there has been a lack of attention to characteristics of these relationships that may be associated with IPV. In particular, there has been a lack of attention paid to the associations between dyadic characteristics and IPV in same-sex relationships. This paper examined associations between dyadic characteristics, including relationship satisfaction, communal coping and efficacy, and perpetrating and experiencing IPV among a sample of United States men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: We collected data via an online survey with 528 MSM, who were greater than 18 years of age and reported at least one male sex partner in the last 12 months. The analysis examined dyadic factors associated with reporting of experiencing and perpetrating emotional violence, physical violence, and sexual violence. Results: The prevalence of violence in the sample ranged from nine percent reporting perpetrating sexual violence to 33% of men reporting experiencing emotional violence. MSM who reported greater satisfaction with their relationship or who reported a higher degree of concordance with their partner on lifestyle choices were less likely to report experiencing or perpetrating emotional violence. MSM who perceived a stigma to being in a male same-sex couple were less likely to report experiencing or perpetrating sexual violence. Conclusion: The results presented here demonstrate high levels of IPV among MSM and that dyadic characteristics are associated with the occurrence of IPV. Understanding relationship characteristics associated with increased IPV among same-sex male couples can contribute to the development of more accurate IPV screening tools, and more sensitively and appropriately designed intervention messages. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):324-332.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "IPV" }, { "word": "msm" }, { "word": "Relationships" }, { "word": "Epidemiology" } ], "section": "Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16p6m3rm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stephenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rentsch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, \t \t Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "F", "last_name": "Salazar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Sullivan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, \t \t Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-19T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-19T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18072/galley/9212/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18084, "title": "Elder Financial Exploitation: Implications for Future Policy and Research in Elder Mistreatment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent advances in the understanding of elder mistreatment have demonstrated that financial exploitation tends to be one of the most common forms of mistreatment affecting older populations. Agencies such as the World Bank and World Health Organization show significant concern regarding financial exploitation and its connection to physical and emotional injury to victims. The World Bank uses the term “financial violence” as a means of generally describing the harm caused to an individual as a result of financial exploitation or abuse. The proportion of financial exploitation in relation to other forms of elder mistreatment is defined in our research. We discuss the potential impact of elder financial exploitation on victims as well as explore the implications for future research and policy development focused on financial aspects of elder mistreatment and call for further study in the concept of financial exploitation as a violent act. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):354-356.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Elder abuse" }, { "word": "Elder mistreatment" }, { "word": "financial violence" }, { "word": "financial exploitation" }, { "word": "Geriatrics" }, { "word": "Clinical and Medical Social Work" }, { "word": "Elder Law" }, { "word": "Other Public Health" } ], "section": "Elder Maltreatment", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23v787qq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Price", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "King", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Department of Human Services, Division of Aging Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Dillard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Bulot", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Department of Human Services, Division of Aging Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-15T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-15T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18084/galley/9218/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17852, "title": "Excited Delirium", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Excited (or agitated) delirium is characterized by agitation, aggression, acute distress and sudden death, often in the pre-hospital care setting. It is typically associated with the use of drugs that alter dopamine processing, hyperthermia, and, most notably, sometimes with death of the affected person in the custody of law enforcement. Subjects typically die from cardiopulmonary arrest, although the cause is debated. Unfortunately an adequate treatment plan has yet to be established, in part due to the fact that most patients die before hospital arrival. While there is still much to be discovered about the pathophysiology and treatment, it is hoped that this extensive review will provide both police and medical personnel with the information necessary to recognize and respond appropriately to excited delirium. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):77-83.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Excited delirium" }, { "word": "agitated delirium" }, { "word": "Death in Custody" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Neuroscience", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8n55r1kj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Asia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Takeuchi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego School of Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Terence", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Ahern", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "O", "last_name": "Henderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Department of Emergency Medicine and Preventative Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-06-17T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-06-17T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17852/galley/9112/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18004, "title": "Extra-adrenal Pheochromocytoma in an Adolescent", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A 17-year-old male with symptoms of headache and diaphoresis presented to the emergency department. He had eight months of noted hypertension attributed to medications. On arrival his blood pressure was 229/117mmHg, and he was ill-appearing. His blood pressure was managed aggressively, and he was diagnosed with extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma by computed tomography. He eventually underwent resection of the mass. Children with severe, symptomatic hypertension should be evaluated for pheochromocytoma. Although rare, it is curable. Failure to diagnose carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):258-261.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "hypertension" }, { "word": "secondary hypertension" }, { "word": "Cardiovascular" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "pediatrics" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4z99x3cm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ibrahim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abdullah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke’s Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cossey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke’s Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Jeanmonod", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke’s Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-06-17T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-06-17T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18004/galley/9189/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17894, "title": "Fracture Blisters", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Fracture blisters are a relatively uncommon complication of fractures in locations of the body, such as the ankle, wrist elbow and foot, where skin adheres tightly to bone with little subcutaneous fat cushioning. The blister that results resembles that of a second degree burn.\n\n\nThese blisters significantly alter treatment, making it difficult to splint or cast and often overlying ideal surgical incision sites. Review of the literature reveals no consensus on management; however, most authors agree on early treatment prior to blister formation or delay until blister resolution before attempting surgical correction or stabilization. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1);131-133.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "fracture blister" }, { "word": "complication" }, { "word": "Fracture" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Musculoskeletal Diseases" }, { "word": "Musculoskeletal, Neural, and Ocular Physiology" }, { "word": "Orthopedics" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17s4v4hp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Claire", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Uebbing", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walsh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine- South Bend campus", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mathew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abraham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Memorial Hospital of South Bend", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Clifford", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arnold", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Memorial Hospital of South Bend", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-05-18T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-05-18T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17894/galley/9133/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17816, "title": "Genetics of Warfarin Sensitivity in an Emergency Department Population with Thromboembolism", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Emergency department (ED) patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) are eventually treated with a standard dose of warfarin despite the fact that a number of patients are known to be sensitive to warfarin and may experience supra-therapeutic INRs and adverse bleeding events. Pharmacogenetics is an emerging field of medical practice that seeks to improve drug safety and efficacy in an individual patient by tailoring treatment to the patient’s known genetic makeup.\n\n\nObjective: To identify patients with risk for warfarin sensitivity among an ED population with VTE and to assess if the warfarin sensitivity mutations were of significant enough prevalence to be of clinical significance in customizing treatment of VTE. We sought in a pilot study to identify if testing for common CYP2C9 and VKORC1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in patients who were likely to begin warfarin treatment was feasible in an ED setting.\n\n\nMethods: A prospective study that identified and enrolled patients presenting to our ED with high clinical suspicion of VTE. Those with high clinical suspicion of VTE were defined as those who had a Doppler ultrasound or computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) ordered by the primary emergency physician. Blood was taken and processed to ascertain the following SNPs: CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, and VKORC1 3673.\n\n\nResults: Of the 194 patients enrolled, 132 (68.0%) had at least one known warfarin sensitivity mutation and 114 (58.8%) had the most clinically significant VKORC1 3673 mutation.\n\n\nConclusion: A majority of our patients had at least one mutation associated with the atypical metabolism of warfarin. Over half of our population had the most clinically significant VKORC1 3673 mutation. They would likely benefit from individualized warfarin dosing if ever needing anticoagulation. Our initial pilot study shows that allele frequencies of target warfarin sensitivity SNPs in our patient population are frequent enough to make initiation of personalized warfarin dosing feasible. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):11-16.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "anticoagulation" }, { "word": "Warfarin" }, { "word": "pharmacogenetics" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/11w9m85x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "O", "last_name": "Henderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-25T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-25T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17816/galley/9098/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17873, "title": "Great Tool or Gold Standard? B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Congestive Heart Failure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):107-108.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Ultrasound", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gd3j8t2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeremy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Montez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "O", "last_name": "Henderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-12-10T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-12-10T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17873/galley/9122/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17870, "title": "Identification of Sonographic B-Lines with Linear Transducer Predicts Elevated B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Level", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: This study sought to correlate the presence of pleural-based B-lines seen by emergency department ultrasound performed with the linear transducer with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in patients with suspected congestive heart failure.\n\n\nMethods: The study was a prospective convenience sample on adult patients in an academic, urban emergency department with over 100,000 annual patient visits. Adult patients with a BNP level ordered by the treating physician were prospectively enrolled by one of four physicians, blinded to the BNP level. The enrolling physicians included an emergency ultrasound director, two emergency ultrasound fellows, and a senior emergency medicine resident. Bedside ultrasound was performed using a 3-12 MHz linear broadband transducer in four lung fields. The serum BNP level was correlated with bilateral B-lines, defined as three or more comet-tail artifacts arising from the pleural line extending to the far field without a decrease in intensity on the right and left thorax.\n\n\nResults: Sixty three patients were consented and enrolled during a four-month period. Fifteen patients had the presence of bilateral B-lines. The median BNP in patients with bilateral B-lines was 1560 pg/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) 1141-3706 pg/mL), compared with 538 pg/mL (95% confidence interval 310-1917 pg/mL) in patients without B-lines. The distributions in the two groups differed significantly (p=0.0006). Based on the threshold level of BNP 500 pg/mL, the sensitivity of finding bilateral B-lines on ultrasound was 33.3% (95% CI: 0.19-0.50), and the specificity was 91.7% (95% CI: 0.73-0.99). In addition, bilateral B-lines were absent in all patients with a BNP<100 pg/mL.\n\n\nConclusion: The presence of bilateral B-lines identified with the linear probe is associated with significantly higher BNP levels than patients without B-lines. In our patient population, the presence of B-lines was specific but not sensitive for BNP>500. Further research may show that it can be applied to quickly assess patients with undifferentiated dyspnea. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):102-106.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "B-Type Natriuretic Peptide" }, { "word": "BNP" }, { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "congestive heart failure" }, { "word": "Dyspnea" }, { "word": "Diagnosis" }, { "word": "artifacts" }, { "word": "emergency ultrasound" }, { "word": "Cardiovascular Diseases" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Ultrasound", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rd23865", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Manson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Bonz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University, New Haven, CT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kristin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carmody", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston University, Boston, MA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Osborne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University, New Haven, CT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University, New Haven, CT", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-28T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-28T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17870/galley/9121/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17851, "title": "Imaging in Acute Stroke", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Imaging in the acute setting of suspected stroke is an important topic to all emergency physicians, neurologists, neurosurgeons and neuroradiologist. When it comes to imaging, the American College of Radiology (ACR) continually updates its guidelines for imaging pathways through the ACR Appropriateness Criteria. 1,2 This article is a general review of the imaging modalities currently used to assess and help guide the treatment of strokes. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):67-76.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "CT scan" }, { "word": "MR Diffusion" }, { "word": "Angiography" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Neurology" }, { "word": "radiology" }, { "word": "Surgery" } ], "section": "Neuroscience", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bb0x2v1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dale", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Birenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Central Florida School of Medicine, Florida Hospital Emergency Medicine Residency Program, Orlando, FL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Bancroft", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Central Florida School of Medicine, Florida Hospital Department of Radiology, Orlando, FL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Felsberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Central Florida School of Medicine, Florida Hospital Department of Radiology, Orlando, FL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-08-14T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-08-14T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17851/galley/9111/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17961, "title": "Impact of an Expeditor on Emergency Department on Patient Throughput", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Our hypothesis was that an individual whose primary role was to assist with patient throughput would decrease emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS), elopements and ambulance diversion. The objective of this study was to measure how the use of an expeditor affected these throughput metrics.\n\n\nMethods: This pre- and post-intervention study analyzed ED patients > 21-years-old between June 2008 and June 2009, at a level one trauma center in an academic medical center with an annual ED census of 40,000 patients. We created the expeditor position as our study intervention in December 2008, by modifying the job responsibilities of an existing paramedic position. An expeditor was on duty from 1PM-1AM daily. The pre-intervention period was June to November 2008, and the post-intervention period was January to June 2009. We used multivariable to assess the impact of the expeditor on throughput metrics after adjusting for confounding variables.\n\n\nResults: We included a total of 13,680 visits in the analysis. There was a significant decrease in LOS after expeditor implementation by 0.4 hours, despite an increased average daily census (109 vs. 121, p<0.001). The expeditor had no impact on elopements. The probability that the ED experienced complete ambulance diversion during a 24-hour period decreased from 55.2% to 16.0% (OR:0.17, 95%CI:0.05-0.67).\n\n\nConclusion: The use of an expeditor was associated with a decreased LOS and ambulance diversion. These findings suggest that EDs may be able to improve patient flow by using expeditors. This tool is under the control of the ED and does not require larger buy-in, resources, or overall hospital changes. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):198-203.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ED" }, { "word": "administration" }, { "word": "process improvement" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Health and Medical Administrative Services" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Administration", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6035x846", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Handel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "O. John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Judi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Workman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rongwei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-07-19T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-07-19T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17961/galley/9172/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17981, "title": "Impact of Cardiac Contractility during Cerebral Blood Flow in Ischemia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: In cerebral regions affected by ischemia, intrinsic vascular autoregulation is often lost. Blood flow delivery depends upon cardiac function and may be influenced by neuro-endocrine mediated myocardial suppression. Our objective is to evaluate the relation between ejection fraction (EF) and transcranial doppler (TCD) peak systolic velocities (PSV) in patients with cerebral ischemic events.\n\n\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from an existing TCD registry. We evaluated patients admitted within 24 hours of onset of a focal neurological deficit who had an echocardiogram and TCD performed within 72 hours of admission.\n\n\nResults: We identified 58 patients from March to October 2003. Eighty-one percent (n=47) had a hospital discharge diagnosis of ischemic stroke and 18.9% (n=11) had a diagnosis of transient ischemic attack. Fourteen patients had systolic dysfunction (EF50%) compared to those with systolic dysfunction (EF<50%) was as follows: middle cerebral artery 62.0 + 28.6 cm/s vs. 51.0 + 23.3 cm/s, p=0.11; anterior cerebral artery 52.1 + 21.6 cm/s vs. 45.9 + 22.7 cm/s, p=0.28; internal carotid artery 56.5 + 20.1 cm/s vs. 46.4 + 18.4 cm/s, p=0.04; ophthalmic artery 18.6 + 7.2 cm/s vs. 15.3 + 5.2 cm/s, p=0.11; vertebral artery 34.0 + 13.9 cm/s vs. 31.6 + 15.0 cm/s, p=0.44.\n\n\nConclusion: Cerebral blood flow in the internal carotid artery territory appears to be higher in cerebral ischemia patients with preserved left ventricular contractility. Our study was unable to differentiate pre-existing cardiac dysfunction from neuro-endocrine mediated myocardial stunning. Future research is necessary to better understand heart-brain interactions in this setting and to further explore the underlying mechanisms and consequences of neuro-endocrine mediated cardiac dysfunction. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):227-232.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "stroke" }, { "word": "Cerebral Vascular Accident" }, { "word": "transient ischemic attack" }, { "word": "ejection fraction" }, { "word": "cerebral blood flow" }, { "word": "Neurosciences" } ], "section": "Neurology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pf5v0kz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Wira", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Emanuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rivers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Silver", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lewandowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-08-31T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-08-31T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17981/galley/9181/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18054, "title": "Injury Secondary to Antiretroviral Agents: A Retrospective Analysis of a Regional Poison Center Database", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: Poisoning is an increasingly important cause of injury in the United States. In 2009 poison centers received 2,479,355 exposure reports, underscoring the role of poison centers in intentional and unintentional injury prevention. Antiretroviral (ARV) agents are commonly prescribed drugs known to cause toxicity, yet the frequency of these incidents is unknown. The objectives of this study were to quantify the number of reported cases of toxicity secondary to ARV agents at a regional poison center, and to describe the circumstances and clinical manifestations of these poisonings.\n\n\nMethods: We conducted a retrospective review of poison center records between December 1, 2001, and January 7, 2010.\n\n\nResults: One hundred sixty-two exposures to ARV agents were reported to the poison center, of which 30% were intentional and 70% were unintentional. Three patients developed major toxicity and no deaths occurred. The remaining patients developed moderate and minor effects as defined by poison center guidelines.\n\n\nConclusion: ARV drug toxicity appears to be infrequently reported to the poison center. Fatal and major toxicities are uncommon, and intentional overdoses are associated with a more serious toxicity. Educational efforts should encourage clinicians to report toxicities related to the use of ARV agents to poison centers in order to better study this problem. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):293-295.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Antiretrovirals" }, { "word": "Poison Centers" }, { "word": "intentional poisoning" }, { "word": "unintentional poisoning" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Immune System Diseases" }, { "word": "Pharmaceutical Preparations" } ], "section": "Poisoning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dk9r6h7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Wheatley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bijal", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Shah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brent", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ziad", "middle_name": "N", "last_name": "Kazzi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-17T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-17T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18054/galley/9205/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18058, "title": "Intentional Ethylene Glycol Poisoning Increase after Media Coverage of Antifreeze Murders", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: The media can have a profound impact on human behavior. A sensational murder by ethylene glycol (EG) poisoning occurred in our state. The regional media provided extensive coverage of the murder. We undertook this investigation to evaluate our incidence of EG poisoning during the timeframe of before the first report linking a death to ethylene glycol to shortly after the first murder trial.\n\n\nMethods: Descriptive statistics and linear regression were used to describe and analyze the number of EG cases over time. A search of the leading regional newspaper’s archives established the media coverage timeline.\n\n\nResult: Between 2000 and 2004, our poison center (PC) handled a steady volume of unintentional exposures to EG [range: 105–123 per year, standard deviation (SD)=7.22]. EG exposures thought to be suicidal in intent increased from 12 cases in 2000 to 121 cases in 2004. In the 19 months prior to the first media report of this story, our PC handled a mean of 1 EG case with suicidal intent per month [range: 0–2, SD=.69]. In the month after the first media report, our PC handled 5 EG cases with suicidal intent. When media coverage was most intense (2004), our PC received a mean of 10 EG suicidal-intent calls per month [range: 5–17, SD=3.55]. Although uncommon, reports of malicious EG poisonings also increased during this same period from 2 in 2000 to 14 in 2004.\n\n\nConclusion: Media coverage of stories involving poisonings may result in copycat events, applicable to both self-poisonings and concern for malicious poisonings. Poison centers should be aware of this phenomenon, pay attention to local media and plan accordingly if a poisoning event receives significant media coverage. The media should be more sensitive to the content of their coverage and avoid providing “how to” poisoning information. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):296-299.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Media Influenced Suicide" }, { "word": "Other Medical Specialties" }, { "word": "Other Psychiatry and Psychology" } ], "section": "Poisoning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sq797w8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brent", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA Georgia Poison Center Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Geller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Pediatrics Atlanta, GA Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ziad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kazzi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-17T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-17T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18058/galley/9206/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18077, "title": "Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Risk-taking among Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Africa", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: A growing body of literature suggests that men who have sex with men (MSM) represent a high risk group for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Africa, but are often overlooked in the development of HIV interventions and programming. Little attention has been paid to the presence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among MSM in African settings. This paper examines reporting of IPV among a sample of predominantly white, gay internet-recruited MSM in South Africa and examines associations between IPV and sexual risk-taking.\n\n\nMethods: Internet-using MSM were recruited through selective placement of banner advertisements on Facebook.com. Eligibility criteria were over 18-years-old, residence in South Africa and self-reporting of recent male-male sexual behavior. There were 777 eligible respondents, of which 521 MSM with complete data are included in the final analysis. Ninety percent of the sample reported a White/ European race, and 96% self-identified as gay.\n\n\nResults: The prevalence of IPV, both experienced and perpetrated, was relatively high, with 8% of men reporting having experienced recent physical IPV and 4.5% of men reporting recent experiences of sexual IPV. Approximately 4.5% of MSM reported recently perpetrating physical IPV, while the reporting of perpetration of recent sexual IPV was much lower at 0.45%. Reporting of experiencing and perpetration of physical IPV was significantly associated with race, level of education and reporting recent unprotected anal sex. Reporting of experiencing recent sexual IPV was significantly associated with reported experiences of homophobia.\n\n\nConclusion: There is a limited amount of data on IPV within same-sex relationships in South Africa, and the results presented here suggest that the prevalence of IPV within this White/European and gay population is cause for concern. Collection of IPV data through surveys administered via social networking sites is feasible and represents a way of reaching otherwise marginalized population groups in IPV research; although in this instance Black Africans and MSM who did not identify as gay were severely under-represented. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):343-347.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "IPV" }, { "word": "msm" }, { "word": "sexual risk" }, { "word": "African Studies" }, { "word": "Epidemiology" }, { "word": "International Public Health" } ], "section": "Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j85s1mf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stephenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "de Voux", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Sullivan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-06T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-06T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18077/galley/9216/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17897, "title": "Isolated Traumatic Expressive Aphasia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):141.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Traumatic Aphasia" }, { "word": "Traumatic Broca's aphasia" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1691788n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeremy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Paulsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Testa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-04-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17897/galley/9136/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17887, "title": "Lingual Ischemia from Prolonged Insertion of a Fastrach Laryngeal Mask Airway", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We report a case of lingual ischemia and swelling in an elderly stroke patient from prolonged insertion of a FastrachTM Laryngeal Mask Airway ® following a failed Emergency Department intubation. Simple suggestions to mitigate such injury are provided. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):124-127.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "LMA" }, { "word": "laryngeal mask airway" }, { "word": "Intubating LMA" }, { "word": "Fastrach LMA" }, { "word": "Extraglottic Airway" }, { "word": "Supraglottic airway" }, { "word": "Laryngael Airway" }, { "word": "complications" }, { "word": "Tongue" }, { "word": "edema" }, { "word": "anesthesiology" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05f0r0fb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Neal", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Gerstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Darren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Braude", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Harding", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Douglas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-07-13T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-07-13T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17887/galley/9131/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17924, "title": "Management of Pediatric Skin Abscesses in Pediatric, General Academic and Community Emergency Departments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To compare the evaluation and management of pediatric cutaneous abscess patients at three different emergency department (ED) settings.\n\n\nMethod: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at two academic pediatric hospital EDs, a general academic ED and a community ED in 2007, with random sampling of 100 patients at the three academic EDs and inclusion of 92 patients from the community ED. Eligible patients were ≤18 years who had a cutaneous abscess. We recorded demographics, predisposing conditions, physical exam findings, incision and drainage procedures, therapeutics and final disposition. Laboratory data were reviewed for culture results and antimicrobial sensitivities. For subjects managed as outpatients from the ED, we determined where patients were instructed to follow up and, using electronic medical records, ascertained the proportion of patients who returned to the ED for further management.\n\n\nResult: Of 392 subjects, 59% were female and the median age was 7.7 years. Children at academic sites had larger abscesses compared to community patients, (3.5 versus 2.5 cm, p=0.02). Abscess incision and drainage occurred in 225 (57%) children, with the lowest rate at the academic pediatric hospital EDs (51%) despite the relatively larger abscess size. Procedural sedation and the collection of wound cultures were more frequent at the academic pediatric hospital and the general academic EDs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence did not differ among sites; however, practitioners at the academic pediatric hospital EDs (92%) and the general academic ED (86%) were more likely to initiate empiric MRSA antibiotic therapy than the community site (71%), (p<0.0001). At discharge, children who received care at the community ED were more likely to be given a prescription for a narcotic (23%) and told to return to the ED for ongoing wound care (65%). Of all sites, the community ED also had the highest percentage of follow-up visits (37%).\n\n\nConclusion: Abscess management varied among the three settings, with more conservative antibiotic selection and greater implementation of procedural sedation at academic centers and higher prescription rates for narcotics, self-referrals for ongoing care and patient follow-up visits at the community ED. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):159-167.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "abscess" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "soft tissue infections" }, { "word": "methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus" }, { "word": "Bacterial Infections and Mycoses" }, { "word": "Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases" } ], "section": "Pediatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fq6r7x9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brigitte", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Baumann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey – Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Russo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Division of Emergency Medicine, A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pavlik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center, Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tara", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Cassidy-Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey – Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Naomi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Division of Emergency Medicine Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alfred", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sacchetti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center, Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Capano-Wehrle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey – Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rakesh", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Mistry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Division of Emergency Medicine Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17924/galley/9147/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17832, "title": "Mass Casualty Incident Response and Aeromedical Evacuation in Antarctica", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Antarctica is one of the most remote regions on Earth. Mass casualty incident (MCI) responses in Antarctica are prone to complications from multiple environmental and operational challenges. This review of the current status of MCI risks and response strategies for Antarctica focuses on aeromedical evacuation, a critical component of many possible MCI scenarios. Extreme cold and weather, a lack of medical resources and a multitude of disparate international bases all exert unique demands on MCI response planning. Increasing cruise ship traffic is also escalating the risk of MCI occurrence. To be successful, MCI response must be well coordinated and undertaken by trained rescuers, especially in the setting of Antarctica. Helicopter rescue or aeromedical evacuation of victims to off-continent facilities may be necessary. Currently, military forces have the greatest capacity for mass air evacuation. Specific risks that are likely to occur include structure collapses, vehicle incapacitations, vehicle crashes and fires. All of these events pose concomitant risks of hypothermia among both victims and rescuers. Antarctica’s unique environment requires flexible yet robust MCI response planning among the many entities in operation on the continent. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):37-42.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Antarctica" }, { "word": "aeromedical" }, { "word": "MCI" }, { "word": "disaster" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Disaster Medicine/ Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6m96243r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "N", "last_name": "Mills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Mills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Otago, New Zealand", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-11-23T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-11-23T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17832/galley/9106/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17915, "title": "Masthead February 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Masthead February 2011", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Masthead", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kq6n5f5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Western", "middle_name": "Journal", "last_name": "Emergency Medicine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-15T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-15T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17915/galley/9144/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18098, "title": "Masthead July 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Masthead July 2011", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Masthead" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Masthead", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/91m0w33p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Western", "middle_name": "Journal", "last_name": "Emergency Medicine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18098/galley/9226/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18026, "title": "Masthead May 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Masthead May 2011", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Masthead" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Masthead", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d46z45k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Western", "middle_name": "Journal", "last_name": "Emergency Medicine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18026/galley/9195/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17968, "title": "Molar Pregnancy with False Negative β-hCG Urine in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This case describes an atypical presentation of molar pregnancy in an emergency department patient with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. The patient demonstrated clinical features of hydatidiform mole, including acute discharge of a large, grape-like vesicular mass, despite multiple negative urine pregnancy tests. These false-negative qualitative human chorionic gonadotropin assays were likely caused by the “high-dose hook effect” and may have delayed proper care of the patient, who displayed pulmonary choriocarcinoma at the time of diagnosis. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):213-215.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "molar pregnancy" }, { "word": "hook effect" }, { "word": "beta-hCG" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Women's Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0d4221t8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Hunter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, FL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ladde", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, FL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17968/galley/9177/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17978, "title": "Myocardial Ischemia with Penetrating Thoracic Trauma", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Penetrating trauma is a rare cause of myocardial infarction. Our report describes a 47- year-old female who presented with a gunshot wound from a shotgun and had an ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The patient received emergent coronary angiography, which demonstrated no evidence of coronary atherosclerotic disease but did show occlusion of a marginal vessel secondary to a pellet. The patient was managed medically for the myocardial infarction without cardiac sequelae. Patients with penetrating trauma to the chest should be evaluated for myocardial ischemia. Electrocardiography, echocardiography and cardiac angiography play vital roles in evaluating these patients and helping to guide management. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):224-226.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Myocardial Ischemia" }, { "word": "Penetrating Trauma" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bn2n687", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Elms", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis Medical Center, Davis, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Garret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis Medical Center, Davis, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wisner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis Medical Center, Davis, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Aaron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bair", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis Medical Center, Davis, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-12T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-12T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17978/galley/9180/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17901, "title": "Neurologically Intact Lumbar Spine Displaced Fracture with Ankylosing Spondylitis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):142-143.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ankylosing spondylitis" }, { "word": "spinal fractures" }, { "word": "spinal injuries" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Musculoskeletal Diseases" }, { "word": "Musculoskeletal System" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xp0b1gt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sundip", "middle_name": "N", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UMDNJ-RWJMS-Camden, Cooper University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Turtz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cooper University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dixon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UMDNJ-RWJMS-Camden, Cooper University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yocom", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cooper University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Camden, NJ", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-19T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-19T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17901/galley/9138/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17820, "title": "New Functional Imaging Technology to Differentiate between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Heart Failure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):17-18.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "lung imaging heart failure COPD" }, { "word": "Cardiovascular Diseases" }, { "word": "Diagnosis" }, { "word": "Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment" }, { "word": "Respiratory Tract Diseases" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64b192gt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "V.", "last_name": "Pollack", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Slattery", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Nevada School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Las Vegas, NV", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-16T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-16T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17820/galley/9100/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17838, "title": "Older Emergency Department Drivers: Patterns, Behaviors, and Willingness to Enroll in a Safe Driver Program", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Our objective was to assess the reported driving patterns of older emergency department (ED) drivers and the factors that might lead them to enroll in a safe driving program.\n\n\nMethods: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of ED patients 65-years-old and up regarding their driving patterns, behaviors and willingness to enroll in a safe driving program.\n\n\nResults: We surveyed 138 patients. Most (73%) reported driving within the last year, and 88% of these believe they could not manage without driving. Eleven percent of ED older drivers have been in a motor vehicle crash (MVC) in the past year (95% CI 6-20%), compared to 2.5% of all seniors. Our survey findings suggest that 88% of older ED drivers avoid at least some high-risk driving situations and 65% are unwilling to enroll in a safe driver program unless it lowers their automobile insurance rates. At the same time, most older ED drivers underestimate their risk of being involved in (75%) or dying from (74%) a MVC.\n\n\nConclusion: Overall, there are a significant number of older people for whom driving remains a vital yet risky daily function. Most of these drivers have little interest in information regarding safe driving programs while in the ED. Those willing to learn about such programs would prefer to take home the information regarding the program rather than have any staff member discuss it while in the ED. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):51-55.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Older driver" }, { "word": "education" }, { "word": "motor vehicle crash" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Preventative Medicine" }, { "word": "Public Health Education and Promotion" } ], "section": "Geriatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mq5t172", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kirk", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Stiffler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Summa Health System/Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Wilber", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Summa Health System/Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-10-21T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-10-21T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17838/galley/9108/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17932, "title": "Online Health Information Impacts Patients’ Decisions to Seek Emergency Department Care", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To investigate the impact of online health information (OHI) and patients’ decisions to seek emergency department (ED) care.\n\n\nMethods: We conducted a survey of a convenience sample of 489 ambulatory patients at an academic ED between February and September 2006. The primary measure was the prevalence of Internet use, and the secondary outcome was the impact of OHI on patients’ decision to seek ED care.\n\n\nResults: The study group comprised 175 (38%) males. Mean age was 33 years old; 222 (45.4%) patients were white, 189 (38.7%) patients were African American, and 33 (6.7%) were Hispanic. 92.6% had Internet access, and 94.5% used email; 58.7% reported that OHI was easy to locate, while 49.7% felt that it was also easy to understand. Of the subjects who had Internet access, 15.1% (1.6, 95% CI 1.3-2.0) stated that they had changed their decision to seek care in the ED.\n\n\nConclusion: This study suggests that Internet access in an urban adult ED population may mirror reported Internet use among American adults. Many ED patients report that they are able to access and understand online health information, as well as use it to make decisions about seeking emergency care. [West J Emerg Med. 2011; 12(2):174-177.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "information technology" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "decision making" } ], "section": "Public Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zd6c0fs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pourmand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Neal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sikka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "George Washington University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-19T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-19T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17932/galley/9151/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17896, "title": "Patellar Tendonitis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):139-140.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "knee pain" }, { "word": "tendonitis" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7sf2102r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zaia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laleh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gharahbaghian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-08-04T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-08-04T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17896/galley/9135/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17878, "title": "Plastic Bronchitis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Plastic bronchitis is not yet well understood. There have been less than 500 reported cases in adults worldwide. This patient presented with a one month history of productive sputum consisting of bronchial casts resulting in a diagnosis of plastic bronchitis. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):118-119.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Plastic" }, { "word": "bronchitis" }, { "word": "bronchial" }, { "word": "casts" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fr7h0c0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Annie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Quysner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christus Spohn Texas A&M Emergency Medicine Residency Program", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Salim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Surani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christus Spohn Texas A&M Emergency Medicine Residency Program", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roberts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christus Spohn Texas A&M Emergency Medicine Residency Program", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-09-04T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-09-04T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17878/galley/9126/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18092, "title": "Politics and Emergency Medicine - An Essential Lesson for Every Resident", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Legal Medicine" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8f0470nd", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18092/galley/9223/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17963, "title": "Predicting Patient Patterns in Veterans Administration Emergency Departments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Veteran’s Affairs (VA) hospitals represent a unique patient population within the healthcare system; for example, they have few female and pediatric patients, typically do not see many trauma cases and often do not accept ambulance runs. As such, veteran-specific studies are required to understand the particular needs and stumbling blocks of VA emergency department (ED) care. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the demographics of patients served at VA EDs and compare them to the national ED population at large. Our analysis reveals that the VA population exhibits a similar set of common chief complaints to the national ED population (and in similar proportions) and yet differs from the general population in many ways. For example, the VA treats an older, predominantly male population, and encounters a much lower incidence of trauma. Perhaps most significantly, the incidence of psychiatric disease at the VA is more than double that of the general population (10% vs. 4%) and accounts for a significant proportion of admissions (23%). Furthermore, the overall admission percentage at the VA hospital is nearly three times that of the ED population at large (36% versus 13%). This paper provides valuable insight into the make-up of a veteran’s population and can guide staffing and resource allocation accordingly. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):204-207.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Veteran's Administration" }, { "word": "patient population" }, { "word": "emergecy department" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Administration", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hk503x5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chad", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Kessler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jesse Brown Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bhandarkar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jesse Brown Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Casey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jesse Brown Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tenner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jesse Brown Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-22T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-04-22T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17963/galley/9174/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17904, "title": "President's Message February 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "President's Message February 2011" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7z16m8th", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Potts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alta Bates Summit Medical Center – Berkeley and Oakland, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17904/galley/9140/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18090, "title": "President's Message July 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "President's Message July 2011" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cj137d7", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18090/galley/9221/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18010, "title": "President's Message May 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "President's Message May 2011" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17c272f8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Potts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alta Bates Summit Medical Center – Berkeley and Oakland, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18010/galley/9192/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18066, "title": "Pre-Teen Alcohol Use as a Risk Factor for Victimization and Perpetration of Bullying among Middle and High School Students in Georgia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: We examined the association between pre-teen alcohol use initiation and the victimization and perpetration of bullying among middle and high school students in Georgia.\n\n\nMethods: We computed analyses using data from the 2006 Georgia Student Health Survey (N=175,311) of students in grades 6, 8, 10 and 12. The current analyses were limited to students in grades 8, 10 and 12 (n=122,434). We used multilogistic regression analyses to determine the associations between early alcohol use and reports of both victimization and perpetration of bullying, perpetration only, victimization only, and neither victimization or perpetration, while controlling for demographic characteristics, other substance use, peer drinking and weapon carrying.\n\n\nResults: Pre-teen alcohol use initiation was significantly associated with both bullying perpetration and victimization relative to non drinkers in bivariate analyses (OR=3.20 95%CI:3.03-3.39). The association was also significant between pre-teen alcohol use initiation and perpetration and victimization of bullying in analyses adjusted for confounders (Adj.OR=1.74; 95%CI:1.61-1.89). Overall, findings were similar for boys and girls.\n\n\nConclusion: Pre-teen alcohol use initiation is an important risk factor for both the perpetration and victimization of bullying among boys and girls in Georgia. Increased efforts to delay and reduce early alcohol use through clinical interventions, education and policies may also positively impact other health risk behaviors, including bullying. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):305-309.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Alcohol Initiation" }, { "word": "alcohol use" }, { "word": "Bullying" }, { "word": "Victimization" }, { "word": "Students." }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Social Sciences" } ], "section": "Youth Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80v654vd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Swahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Volkan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Topalli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Department of Criminal Justice, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ali", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sheryl", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Strasser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Ashby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meyers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-18T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-18T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18066/galley/9209/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17855, "title": "Primary Cardiac Tumor Identified as the Cause of Seizure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A 65-year-old woman presented to the emergency department after a seizure. An unexplained bradycardia and heart murmur were detected and an emergency bedside echocardiography was performed. This revealed a mass in the left atrium. The provisional diagnosis of left atrial tumor was later confirmed by formal echocardiography and ultimately by histology. The first presentation of primary cardiac tumors can be misleading and sometimes presents with neurological manifestations. An early echocardiography can be diagnostic and could lead to early surgical intervention with better prognosis. [West J Emerg Med 2011;12(1):84-86.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cardiac neoplasm" }, { "word": "seizures" }, { "word": "Echocardiography" }, { "word": "cardiology" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Neuroscience", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45p2074d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Csaba", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dioszeghy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Somerset, UK", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gyorgyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kamaras", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yeovil District Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Somerset, UK", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Aniko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frigyik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jahn Ferenc Teaching Hospital, Budapest, Hungary", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-23T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-09-23T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17855/galley/9113/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17815, "title": "Punch Injuries: Insights into Intentional Closed Fist Injuries", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: This study sought to investigate the patterns of injury resulting from a punch mechanism and to investigate the associated psychopathology present in patients with these injuries.\n\n\nMethods: Retrospective analysis of patients with hand radiographs ordered from the emergency department allowed for identification of patients with a punch mechanism. We recorded injury patterns and queried patients’ medical records for associated psychopathology.\n\n\nResults: 1,292 patients underwent hand radiographs during a one-year time period; 172 patients (13%) were radiographed following an intentional punch injury, identifying 76 fractures in 70 patients. Males contributed a greater proportion of patients presenting with punch injury when compared to females (80% vs. 20%). Males were more likely to sustain fracture from a punch mechanism (48% vs. 11%, OR 7 [95% CI 2.3-20.9]), but were less likely to have preexisting documented psychiatric disease (23% vs. 49%, OR 3.1 [95% CI 1.4-6.7]). Of all fractures, 61% were to the fifth metacarpal, 21% were to the remainder of the metacarpals, and the remaining were fractures to phalanges and bones of the wrist.\n\n\nConclusion: Women are less likely to present with punch injury and are less likely to sustain a fracture when they do present but have more associated psychiatric disease. Both men and women presenting with punch injuries have a higher prevalence of psychiatric disease than the background incidence in the population as a whole. Although punch injuries result in a significant number of boxer fractures, a number of other injuries are associated with punch mechanisms. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):6-10.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Boxer's fracture" }, { "word": "non-accidental trauma" }, { "word": "psychiatric disease" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Mental and Social Health Services and Allied Professions" }, { "word": "Surgery" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53w1t9g9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Jeanmonod", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke’s Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Donald", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jeanmonod MD", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke’s Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Damewood", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "John’s Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cheryl", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cape Fear Valley Medical Center, Fayetteville, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marwan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Powers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cape Fear Valley Medical Center, Fayetteville, NC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Vicky", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lazansky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke’s Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-07-05T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-07-05T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17815/galley/9097/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17813, "title": "Randomized Controlled Trial of Ondansetron vs. Prochlorperazine in Adults in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To compare the effectiveness of ondansetron and prochlorperazine to treat vomiting. Secondary objectives were the effectiveness of ondansetron and prochlorperazine to treat nausea and their tolerability.\n\n\nMethods: This was a prospective, randomized, active controlled, double-blinded study. Using a convenience sample, patients were randomized to either intravenous ondansetron 4mg (n=32) or prochlorperazine 10mg (n=32). The primary outcome was the percentage of patients with vomiting at 0-30, 31-60, and 61-120 minutes after the administration of ondansetron or prochlorperazine. Secondary outcomes were nausea assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline, 0-30, 31-60, and 61-120 minutes after the administration of ondansetron or prochlorperazine and the percentage of patients with adverse effects (sedation, headache, akathisia, dystonia) to either drug. We performed statistical analyses on the VAS scales at each time point and did a subgroup analysis to examine if nausea scores were affected if the patient had vomited at baseline.\n\n\nResults: The primary identified cause for nausea and vomiting was flu-like illness or gastroenteritis (19%). The number of patients experiencing breakthrough vomiting at 0-30, 31-60, and 61-120 minutes was similar between groups for these time periods; however, more patients receiving ondansetron experienced vomiting overall (7 [22%] vs. 2[3.2%] patients, p=not significant). Nausea scores at baseline and 0-30 minutes were severe and similar between groups; however, at 31-60 and 61-120 minutes, patients receiving prochlorperazine had better control of nausea (24.9 vs. 43.7 mm, p=0.03; 16.8 vs. 34.3 mm, p=0.05). Sedation scores were similar between groups. There were no cases of extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by the treating physician and there were four cases of akathisia (prochlorperazine=3 [9%], ondansetron=1[3%]).\n\n\nConclusion: Prochlorperazine and ondansetron appear to be equally effective at treating vomiting in the emergency department. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):1-5.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "vomiting" }, { "word": "Ondansetron" }, { "word": "prochlorperazine" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Pharmaceutical Preparations" }, { "word": "Therapeutics" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d93s2j7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Prasad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abraham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Sobel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southern Regional Hospital, Riverdale, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-11-05T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-11-05T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17813/galley/9096/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18073, "title": "Rape Victimization and High Risk Sexual Behaviors: A Longitudinal Study of African-American Adolescent Females", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: African-American women are affected by disproportionately high rates of violence and sexually transmitted infections (STI)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is imperative to address the intersection of these two urgent public health issues, particularly as these affect African-American adolescent girls. This study assessed the prevalence of rape victimization (RV) among a sample of African-American adolescent females and examined the extent to which participants with a history of RV engage in STI/HIV associated risk behaviors over a 12-month time period.\n\n\nMethods: Three hundred sixty-seven African-American adolescent females ages 15-21, seeking sexual health services at three local teenager-oriented community health agencies in an urban area of the Southeastern United States, participated in this study. Participants were asked to complete an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) at baseline, six- and 12-month follow-up. We assessed sociodemographics, history of RV and sexual practices. At baseline, participants indicating they had experienced forced sex were classified as having a history of RV.\n\n\nResults: Twenty-five percent of participants reported a history of RV at baseline. At six- and 12-months, victims of RV had significantly lower proportions of condom-protected sex (p=.008), higher frequency of sex while intoxicated (p=.005), more inconsistent condom use (p=.008), less condom use at last sex (p=.017), and more sex partners (p=.0001) than non-RV victims. Over the 12-month follow-up period, of those who did not report RV at baseline, 9.5% reported that they too had experienced RV at some point during the 12-month time frame.\n\n\nConclusion: African-American adolescent females who experience RV are engaging in more risky sexual behaviors over time than non-RV girls, thereby placing themselves at higher risk for contracting STIs. In light of the results from this unique longitudinal study, we discuss considerations for policies and guidelines targeting healthcare, law enforcement and educational and community settings. The complexities of RV screening in healthcare settings are examined as is the need for tighter collaboration between healthcare providers and law enforcement. Finally, we consider the role of prevention and intervention programs in increasing awareness about RV as well as serving as an additional safe environment for screening and referral. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):333-342.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "sexual victimization" }, { "word": "sexual risk" }, { "word": "STI/HIV" }, { "word": "African-American" }, { "word": "adolescent females" }, { "word": "Public health" }, { "word": "Social Sciences" } ], "section": "Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7g9038s4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Delia", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Lang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Sales", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "F", "last_name": "Salazar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Hardin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ralph", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "DiClemente", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gina", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Wingood", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Eve", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rose", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-05T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-05T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18073/galley/9213/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17938, "title": "Rural-Urban Disparities in Emergency Department Intimate Partner Violence Resources", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Little is known about availability of resources for managing intimate partner violence (IPV) at rural hospitals. We assessed differences in availability of resources for IPV screening and management between rural and urban emergency departments (EDs) in Oregon. Methods: We conducted a standardized telephone interview of Oregon ED directors and nurse managers on six IPV-related resources: official screening policies, standardized screening tools, public displays regarding IPV, on-site advocacy, intervention checklists and regular clinician education. We used chi-square analysis to test differences in reported resource availability between urban and rural EDs. Results: Of 57 Oregon EDs, 55 (96%) completed the survey. A smaller proportion of rural EDs, compared to urban EDs, reported official screening policies (74% vs. 100%, p=0.01), standardized screening instruments (21% vs. 55%, p=0.01), clinician education (38% vs. 70%, p=0.02) or on-site violence advocacy (44% vs. 95%, p<0.001). Twenty-seven percent of rural EDs had none or one of the studied resources, 50% had two or three, and 24% had four or more (vs. 0%, 35%, and 65% in urban EDs, p=0.003). Small, remote rural hospitals had fewer resources than larger, less remote rural hospitals or urban hospitals. Conclusion: Rural EDs have fewer resources for addressing IPV. Further work is needed to identify specific barriers to obtaining resources for IPV management that can be used in all hospital settings. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):178-183.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "intimate partner violence" }, { "word": "domestic violence" }, { "word": "rural health" }, { "word": "access to health care" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Health Services Research" }, { "word": "Other Public Health" } ], "section": "Public Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83n18707", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Esther", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Choo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Craig", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Newgard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Lowe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Hall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "K", "middle_name": "John", "last_name": "McConnell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-14T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-14T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17938/galley/9153/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18009, "title": "Self-Knotting of a Nasogastric Tube", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):266-267.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Nasogastric Tube" }, { "word": "knotting" }, { "word": "nasogastric tube complications" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "otolaryngology" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22k093n1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Egan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, NY; The Valley Hospital, Dept. of Emergency Medicine, Ridgewood, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nedal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shami", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Valley Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ridgewood, NJ", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-11-21T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-11-21T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18009/galley/9191/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17895, "title": "Spontaneous Thigh Compartment Syndrome", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A young man presented with a painful and swollen thigh, without any history of trauma, illness, coagulopathic medication or recent exertional exercise. Preliminary imaging delineated a haematoma in the anterior thigh, without any fractures or muscle trauma. Emergent fasciotomies were performed. No pathology could be identified intra-operatively, or on follow-up imaging. A review of thigh compartment syndromes described in literature is presented in a table. Emergency physicians and traumatologists should be cognisant of spontaneous atraumatic presentations of thigh compartment syndrome, to ensure prompt referral and definitive management of this limb-threatening condition. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):134-138].", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "compartment syndrome" }, { "word": "compartment manometry" }, { "word": "fasciotomy" }, { "word": "patient-controlled analgesia" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Orthopedics" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nh2j0sm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sameer", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Khan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Trauma & Orthopaedics, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Srinivas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thati", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Trauma & Orthopaedics, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gozzard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Trauma & Orthopaedics, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-12-08T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-12-08T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17895/galley/9134/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18051, "title": "Suburban Poverty: Barriers to Services and Injury Prevention among Marginalized Women Who Use Methamphetamine", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: This paper aims to identify the needed healthcare and social services barriers for women living in suburban communities who are using or have used methamphetamine. Drug users are vulnerable to injury, violence and transmission of infectious diseases, and having access to healthcare has been shown to positively influence prevention and intervention among this population. Yet little is known regarding the social context of suburban drug users, their risks behaviors, and their access to healthcare.\n\n\nMethods: The data collection involved participant observation in the field, face-to-face interviews and focus groups. Audio-recorded in-depth life histories, drug use histories, and resource needs were collected from 31 suburban women who were former or current users of methamphetamine. The majority was drawn from marginalized communities and highly vulnerable to risk for injury and violence. We provided these women with healthcare and social service information and conducted follow-up interviews to identify barriers to these services.\n\n\nResults: Barriers included (1) restrictions imposed by the services and (2) limitations inherent in the women’s social, economic, or legal situations. We found that the barriers increased the women’s risk for further injury, violence and transmission of infectious diseases. Women who could not access needed healthcare and social resources typically used street drugs that were accessible and affordable to self-medicate their untreated emotional and physical pain.\n\n\nConclusion: Our findings add to the literature\n\n\non how healthcare and social services are related to injury prevention. Social service providers in the suburbs were often indifferent to the needs of drug-using women. For these women, health services were accessed primarily at emergency departments (ED). To break the cycle of continued drug use, violence and injury, we suggest that ED staff be trained to perform substance abuse assessments and provide immediate referral to detoxification and treatment facilities. Policy change is needed for EDs to provide the care and linkages to treatment that can prevent future injuries and the spread of infectious diseases. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):284-292.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "methamphetamine" }, { "word": "barriers to services" }, { "word": "suburbs" }, { "word": "female drug users" }, { "word": "injury prevention" }, { "word": "community-based research" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Ethnic, Cultural Minority, Gender, and Group Studies" }, { "word": "Health Services Research" }, { "word": "sociology" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Public Health Education and Promotion" }, { "word": "Social Work" } ], "section": "Injury Control and Response", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sv5w4zw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Boeri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kennesaw State University, Department of Sociology, Kennesaw, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Tyndall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kennesaw State University, Department of Sociology, Kennesaw, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Denise", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Woodall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kennesaw State University, Department of Sociology, Kennesaw, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-15T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-15T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18051/galley/9203/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18062, "title": "Suicide Fads: Frequency and Characteristics of Hydrogen Sulfide Suicides in the United States", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To assess the frequency of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) suicides and describe the characteristics of victims in the United States (U.S.) since the technique became common in Japan in 2007.\n\n\nMethods: To ascertain the frequency of intentional H2S related deaths in the U.S. prior to the start of the Japanese trend in 2007, we searched the multiple-cause-of-death data from the National Vital Statistics System. To collect as much information about the victims as possible, we sent an email to the National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME) listserv asking for their cooperation in identifying cases of H2S suicide. To identify cases that were not voluntarily reported by medical examiners but were reported by the media, we conducted Google searches using the search terms: “hydrogen sulfide suicide,” “H2S suicide,” “detergent suicide,” “chemical suicide,” and “suicide fad.” We obtained all available autopsy reports and abstracted information, including the site of the incident, the presence of a note warning others about the toxic gas and the demographic characteristics of the victims. We contacted medical examiners who potentially had custody of the cases that were identified through media reports and requested autopsies of these victims. When unable to obtain the autopsies, we gathered information from the media reports.\n\n\nResults: Forty-five deaths from H2S exposure occurred in the U.S. from 1999 to 2007, all unintentional. Responses from the NAME listserv yielded autopsy reports for 11 victims, and Google searches revealed an additional 19 H2S suicides in the U.S. since 2008. Overall (n=30), two cases were identified during 2008, 10 in 2009, and 18 in 2010. The majority of victims were white males, less than 30-years-old, left a warning note, and were found in cars. There were five reports of injuries to first responders, but no secondary fatalities.\n\n\nConclusion: H2S suicides are increasing in the U.S., and their incidence is probably underestimated by public health officials and physicians. First responders are at risk when assessing these victims due to the severe toxicity of the gas. Emergency providers must be aware of H2S suicides to educate others and care for the rare survivor. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):300-304.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "hydrogen sulfide" }, { "word": "chemical suicide" }, { "word": "suicide fad" }, { "word": "detergent suicide" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medical Toxicology" }, { "word": "Other Public Health" } ], "section": "Poisoning", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zh3449s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah Jane", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Reedy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Schwartz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brent", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-18T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-18T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18062/galley/9207/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18008, "title": "Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis Mimicking Acute Appendicitis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Abdominal pain is one of the most common presenting complaints to the emergency department. Mesenteric venous thrombosis represents an important cause to consider in patients with acute abdominal pain. The diagnosis is often delayed, and cases traditionally have been identified either at laparotomy or at autopsy. In this case, we describe a 21-year-old female with acute onset of right lower quadrant pain attributable to a hyperhomocysteinemia related non-occlusive superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. This case highlights how the use of computed tomography in select cases can lead to earlier recognition of this condition and increasingly allow for non-surgical treatment. [West J Emerg Med 2011;12(2):262-265.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Mesenteric venous thrombosis" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mq7q6t9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Micah", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Gaspary", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center San Diego", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Auten", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center San Diego, Emergency Medicine Department, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Durkovich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center San Diego, Emergency Medicine Department", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Preston", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gable", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center San Diego, Hematology Oncology Department", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-10-12T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-10-12T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18008/galley/9190/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17906, "title": "Surviving the Sepsis Campaign", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79w2r89k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lieser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CAL/ACEP Advocacy Fellow, Sacramento, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-16T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17906/galley/9141/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17883, "title": "Symptomatic Morgagni Hernia Misdiagnosed As Chilaiditi Syndrome", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Chilaiditi syndrome, symptomatic interposition of bowel beneath the right hemidiaphragm, is uncommon and usually managed without surgery. Morgagni hernia is an uncommon diaphragmatic hernia that generally requires surgery. In this case a patient with a longstanding diagnosis of bowel interposition (Chilaiditi sign) presented with presumed Chilaiditi syndrome. Abdominal computed tomography was performed and revealed no bowel interposition; instead, a Morgagni hernia was found and surgically repaired. Review of the literature did not reveal similar misdiagnosis or recommendations for advanced imaging in patients with Chilaiditi sign or syndrome to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other potential diagnoses. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):121-123.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Chilaiditi sign" }, { "word": "Chilaiditi Syndrome" }, { "word": "bowel interposition" }, { "word": "Morgagni hernia" }, { "word": "diaphragmatic hernia" }, { "word": "congenital diaphragmatic hernia" }, { "word": "Allied Health Diagnostic, Intervention, and Treatment Professions" }, { "word": "Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities" }, { "word": "Diagnosis" }, { "word": "Digestive System Diseases" }, { "word": "Pathology/Experimental Pathology" }, { "word": "Investigative Techniques" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qf3p6v1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Phyllis", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Vallee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-10-05T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-10-05T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17883/galley/9129/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18042, "title": "Systems Thinking in Injury Prevention: An Innovative Model for Informing State and Local Policies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):273-274.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "systems thinking" }, { "word": "System Dynamics Modeling" }, { "word": "childhood obesity" }, { "word": "injury prevention" }, { "word": "Public Administration and Social Service Professions" }, { "word": "Social Sciences" } ], "section": "Health Policy Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/569660x3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ferencik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Georgia Health Policy Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Karen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Minyard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Georgia Health Policy Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-17T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-17T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18042/galley/9200/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17913, "title": "Table of Contents February 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Table of Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32q9q183", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-03-15T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-15T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17913/galley/9143/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18097, "title": "Table of Contents July 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Table of Contents July 2011" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Table of Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4k27834v", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18097/galley/9225/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18018, "title": "Table of Contents May 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Table of Contents May 2011" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Table of Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00v0t6x6", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-03T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18018/galley/9194/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17972, "title": "Takotsubo Syndrome in African American vs.\t Non-African American Women", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a reversible cause of heart failure rarely described in African-American patients. This study aimed to compare and contrast the clinical characteristics of TTS in African-American (AA) and non-African-American (NAA) patients.\n\n\nMethods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of eight patients (four AA and four NAA) diagnosed with TTS, between June 2006 and August 2008, in four different teaching hospitals: St Michael’s Medical Center, St Joseph’s Medical Center, Trinitas hospital and St Louis’ University Hospital. We compared the patients with regard to presenting symptoms, precipitating stressors, electrocardiographic findings, troponin levels, ejection fraction and in-hospital course.\n\n\nResults: All patients were females (mean age 64 for AA and 67 for NAA). All patients experienced chest pain and had elevated troponin levels. Two AA and three NAA patients had associated shortness of breath and one NAA had syncope. All AA and three NAA had T-wave inversions. Three NAA and one AA had ST segment elevation. Three patients in both groups developed prolongation of the QT interval. Coronary angiograms did not reveal any significant obstructive coronary artery disease. Three patients, all NAA, needed hemodynamic support during their hospital stay but none died.\n\n\nConclusion: AA and NAA women with TTS have similar presenting symptoms but may differ in the electrocardiographic findings and in-hospital course of the disease. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):218-223.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ACS" }, { "word": "cardiomyopathy" }, { "word": "Heart Failure" }, { "word": "Takotsubo Syndrome" }, { "word": "cardiology" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76t1j715", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ashraf", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "QaQa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seton Hall University/St.Michaels Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Newark, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Daoko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seton Hall University/St.Michaels Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Newark, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nesreen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jallad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seton Hall University / St.Michaels Medical Center, Deptartment of Cardiology, Newark, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Omar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aburomeh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Luis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Irvin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goldfarb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seton Hall University / St.Michaels Medical Center, Deptartment of Cardiology, Newark, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Fayez", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shamoon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seton Hall University / St.Michaels Medical Center, Deptartment of Cardiology, Newark, NJ", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-23T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-23T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17972/galley/9179/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17928, "title": "Test Characteristics of the Urinalysis to Predict Urologic Injury in Children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To use receiver operator characteristic curve methodology to determine the test characteristics of microscopic hematuria for identifying urologic injuries in children who underwent computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis as part of a trauma evaluation.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a retrospective medical record review of all children from 0 to 12 years of age who presented to our pediatric emergency department within a Level 1 trauma center, had an abdominal and pelvic CT and a microscopic urinalysis as part of an initial evaluation for trauma. Urologic injury was defined as any injury to the kidneys, ureters or bladder. We defined hematuria from the microscopic urinalysis and reported by the clinical laboratory as the exact number of red blood cells per high power field (RBC/hpf).\n\n\nResults: Of the 502 children in the study group, 17 (3%; 95% CI [2%-5.4%]) had evidence of urologic injury on the abdominal or pelvic CT. Microscopic urinalysis for those children with urologic injury ranged from 0 to15,544 RBC/hpf. The remaining 485 children without urologic injury had a range of hematuria from 0 to 20,596 RBC/hpf. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated and the area under the curve is 0.796 (95% CI [0.666-0.925]).\n\n\nConclusion: If the abdominal and pelvic CT is used as the criterion standard for identifying urologic trauma, the microscopic urinalysis has moderate discriminatory power to predict urologic injury. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):168-172.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "hematuria" }, { "word": "urinalysis" }, { "word": "abdominal CT scan" }, { "word": "urologic trauma" }, { "word": "Children" }, { "word": "Pediatric Emergency Department" }, { "word": "ROC curve" }, { "word": "test characteristics" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "Urology" } ], "section": "Pediatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6779w3cr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Thorp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Young", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lance", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-06-17T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-06-17T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17928/galley/9148/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17999, "title": "Test Characteristics of Urine Dipstick for Identifying Renal Insufficiency in Patients with Diabetes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To evaluate the test characteristics of the urine dipstick as a screening tool for elevated serum creatinine in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in the emergency department (ED).\n\n\nMethods: Patients with diabetes over the age of 18 who presented to the ED for any complaint over a three-month study period were considered eligible for participation in this study. A finger-stick blood glucose of ≥250 mg/dL at triage was used to confirm the diagnosis of uncontrolled diabetes. After obtaining written consent, each patient had a urine dip performed and a chemistry panel drawn. Any level of proteinuria on the urine dip was considered to be a positive test. Based on the laboratory and clinical guidelines at our institution, renal insufficiency was defined as creatinine concentration of greater than 1.3 mg/dL.\n\n\nResults: Three Hundred ninety-three confirmed patients with uncontrolled diabetes were enrolled in this study, and 49 of these (12.5%) were found to have renal insufficiency. The sensitivity and specificity of the urine dip for predicting renal insufficiency were 69.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 54.6-81.7%) and 57.8% (95%CI 52.4-63.1%) respectively. The positive predictive value was 19% (95%CI 13.5-25.5%), and the negative predictive value was 93% (95%CI 88.7-96%). The positive likelihood ratio was 1.65 (95%CI 1.32-2.06) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.53 (95%CI 0.34-0.81).\n\n\nConclusion: In this cohort of patients with uncontrolled diabetes, the test characteristics of the urine dipstick make it a poor screening tool for renal insufficiency in the ED. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):250-253.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Urine Dipstick" }, { "word": "screening" }, { "word": "Renal Insufficiency" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/50j700d1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sanjay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arora", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Theodore", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Long", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Menchine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-23T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-23T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17999/galley/9185/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17958, "title": "The Financial Impact of Emergency Department Crowding", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: The economic benefits of reducing emergency department (ED) crowding are potentially substantial as they may decrease hospital length of stay. Hospital administrators and public officials may therefore be motivated to implement crowding protocols. We sought to identify a potential cost of ED crowding by evaluating the contribution of excess ED length of stay (LOS) to overall hospital length of stay. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of administrative data of adult patients from two urban hospitals (one county and one university) in Brooklyn, New York from 2006-2007. Data was provided by each facility. Extrapolating from prior research (Krochmal and Riley, 2005), we determined the increase in total hospital LOS due to extended ED lengths of stay, and applied cost and charge analyses for the two separate facilities. Results: We determined that 6,205 (5.0%) admitted adult patients from the county facility and 3,017 (3.4%) patients from the university facility were held in the ED greater than one day over a one-year period. From prior research, it has been estimated that each of these patient’s total hospital length of stay was increased on average by 11.7% (0.61 days at the county facility, and 0.71 days at the university facility). The increased charges over one year at the county facility due to the extended ED LOS was therefore approximately $9.8 million, while the increased costs at the university facility were approximately $3.9 million. Conclusion: Based on extrapolations from Krochmal and Riley applied to two New York urban hospitals, the county hospital could potentially save $9.8 million in charges and the university hospital $3.9 million in costs per year if they eliminate ED boarding of adult admitted patients by improving movement to the inpatient setting. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):192-197.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "overcrowding" }, { "word": "Protocol" }, { "word": "policy" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Health and Medical Administrative Services" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Administration", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61q782sp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mathew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Foley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY; State University New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nizar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kifaieh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY; State University New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Mallon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California; Los Angeles County Hospital, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-12-03T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-12-03T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17958/galley/9171/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17875, "title": "The Standard of Care: Legal History and Definitions: The Bad and Good News", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The true meaning of the term “the standard of care” is a frequent topic of discussion among emergency physicians as they evaluate and perform care on patients. This article, using legal cases and dictums, reviews the legal history and definitions of the standard of care. The goal is to provide the working physician with a practical and useful model of the standard of care to help guide daily practice. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):109-112.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Legal" }, { "word": "Malpractice" }, { "word": "Standard of Care" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Legal Research and Advanced Professional Studies" } ], "section": "Legal Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14z5w33g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moffett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-26T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-09-26T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17875/galley/9124/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18001, "title": "Those Who Can, Do and They Teach Too: Faculty Clinical Productivity and Teaching", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Academic emergency physicians (EPs) often feel that the demands of clinical productivity, income generation, and patient satisfaction conflict with educational objectives. The objective of this study was to explore whether the quality of faculty bedside teaching of residents correlated with high clinical productivity, measured by relative value units (RVUs). We also explored the strategies of high-performing faculty for optimal RVU generation and teaching performance.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a mixed method study using quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the relationship between RVUs, patient satisfaction, and teaching performance. We examined the relationship between teaching performance ratings, patient satisfaction, and RVUs per hour using correlations. Following this initial analysis, we conducted semi-structured interviews with the eight faculty members who have the highest clinical (RVU) and educational productivity ratings to learn more about their strategies for success. Our Institutional Review Board approved this study.\n\n\nResults: We correlated resident evaluations of faculty with RVUs billed per hour. We conducted semi-structured interviews of faculty who led in both RVU productivity and resident evaluations. From these interviews, several themes emerged. When asked about how they excel in billing, most said that they pay attention to dictating a thorough chart on every patient and try to “stay busy” throughout their entire shift. When asked how they excel at resident education, most leading faculty said that they try to find a “teaching moment” and find small “clinical pearls” to pass along. Nevertheless, all eight leading faculty members believe that as the emphasis on billing productivity increases, resident and student education will suffer.\n\n\nConclusion: Contrary to the opinion of some physicians, faculty can excel at both clinical productivity and resident education. This study found that highly efficient clinical productivity correlated with excellent resident teaching. This high level of performance did not appear to be at the expense of other important measures such as patient satisfaction or student teaching. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):254-257.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Graduate Medical Education" }, { "word": "education" }, { "word": "students" }, { "word": "Workload" }, { "word": "Satisfaction" }, { "word": "student" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1p7584q6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Hemphill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Heavrin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lesnick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago.", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sally", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Santen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory School of Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-22T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-22T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18001/galley/9187/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17930, "title": "Transphyseal Fracture of the Distal Humerus in a Neonate", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "[West J Emerg Med. 2012;12(2):173.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "neonate" }, { "word": "transphyseal" }, { "word": "Fracture" }, { "word": "MRI" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Orthopedics" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "radiology" } ], "section": "Pediatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rz5r7nk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Annalee", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Baker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University, New York, NY", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sosamma", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Methratta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Arabinda", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Choudhary", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-06-04T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-06-04T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17930/galley/9149/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18079, "title": "Treatment, Services and Follow-up for Victims of Family Violence in Health Clinics in Maputo, Mozambique", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Family violence (FV) is a global health problem that not only impacts the victim, but the family unit, local community and society at large.\n\n\nObjective: To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the treatment and follow up provided to victims of violence amongst immediate and extended family units who presented to three health centers in Mozambique for care following violence.\n\n\nMethods: We conducted a verbally-administered survey to self-disclosed victims of FV who presented to one of three health units, each at a different level of service, in Mozambique for treatment of their injuries. Data were entered into SPSS (SPSS, version 13.0) and analyzed for frequencies. Qualitative short answer data were transcribed during the interview, coded and analyzed prior to translation by the principal investigator.\n\n\nResults: One thousand two hundred and six assault victims presented for care during the eight-week study period, of which 216 disclosed the relationship of the assailant, including 92 who were victims of FV. Almost all patients (90%) waited less than one hour to be seen, with most patients (67%) waiting less than 30 minutes. Most patients did not require laboratory or radiographic diagnostics at the primary (70%) and secondary (93%) health facilities, while 44% of patients received a radiograph at the tertiary care center. Among all three hospitals, only 10% were transferred to a higher level of care, 14% were not given any form of follow up or referral information, while 13% required a specialist evaluation. No victims were referred for psychological follow-up or support. Qualitative data revealed that some patients did not disclose violence as the etiology, because they believed the physician was unable to address or treat the violence-related issues and/or had limited time to discuss.\n\n\nConclusion: Healthcare services for treating the physical injuries of victims of FV were timely and rarely required advanced levels of medical care, but there were no psychological services or follow-up referrals for violence victims. The healthcare environment at all three surveyed health centers in Mozambique does not encourage disclosure or self-report of FV. Policies and strategies need to be implemented to encourage patient disclosure of FV and provide more health system-initiated victim resources. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):348-353.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Family Violence" }, { "word": "emergency care" }, { "word": "Mozambique" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Health Services Research" } ], "section": "Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2nn8z400", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eunice Abdul", "middle_name": "Remane", "last_name": "Jetha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Eduardo Mondlane, Faculty of Medicine, Maputo Mozambique", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Catherine", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Lynch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "Alexandra", "last_name": "Rodrigues", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Eduardo Mondlane, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Maputo Mozambique", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Keyes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Baltazar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chilundo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Eduardo Mondlane, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Maputo, Mozambique", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Wright", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Sasser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-01-20T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-01-20T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18079/galley/9217/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18093, "title": "UC Irvine Emergency Medicine Interest Group: Overcoming Barriers to Mentorship in Undergraduate Medical Education through Structured Mentorship Opportunities", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "EMIG" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "CAL/AAEM Newsletter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/814011p7", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-05-27T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18093/galley/9224/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17847, "title": "Urine Test Strips to Exclude Cerebral Spinal Fluid Blood", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: Determining the presence or absence of red blood cells (RBC) or their breakdown products in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is essential for the evaluation of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in headache patients. Current methodology for finding blood in the CSF is either spectrophotometric detection of pigment, which is time consuming and labor intensive, or visual assesment of samples for color change (xanthochromia), which is inaccurate. Bayer Multistix® urine test strips are designed to test urine for RBC by detecting the presence of hemoglobin. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the perfomance of urine reagent test strips for ruling out the presence of RBC in CSF.\n\n\nMethods: We compared color changes on Multistix® urine test strips to the standard of spectrophotometric absorbtion at 415nm and initial RBC counts in 138 visually clear CSF samples.\n\n\nResults: We performed Pearson Chi-Square and likelihood ratios on the results and found a correlation between a negative result on the urine test strip and less than 5 RBC per high power field and a spectrophotometric absorbance of less than 0.02% at 415nm in a CSF sample.\n\n\nConclusion: These results warrant further investigation in the form of a prospective clinical validation as it may alter the emergency department evaluation for SAH. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):63-66.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "CSF" }, { "word": "subarachnoid hemorrhage" }, { "word": "lumbar puncture" }, { "word": "urine test strip" }, { "word": "Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment" } ], "section": "Neuroscience", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5gj324nt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Marshall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portsmouth, VA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hejamanowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portsmouth, VA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-10-06T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2009-10-06T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17847/galley/9110/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18031, "title": "Using Policy to Strengthen the Reach and Impact of Injury Prevention Efforts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(3):268-270.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "policy" }, { "word": "reach" }, { "word": "injury prevention" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Health Policy Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x18f9g5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Swahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Aibgail", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hankin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-04-01T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2011-04-01T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18031/galley/9197/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17863, "title": "Variable Access to Immediate Bedside Ultrasound in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Use of bedside emergency department (ED) ultrasound has become increasingly important for the clinical practice of emergency medicine (EM). We sought to evaluate differences in the availability of immediate bedside ultrasound based on basic ED characteristics and physician staffing.\n\n\nMethods: We surveyed ED directors in all 351 EDs in Colorado, Georgia, Massachusetts, and Oregon between January and April 2009. We assessed access to bedside ED ultrasound by the question: “Is bedside ultrasound available immediately in the ED?” ED characteristics included location, visit volume, admission rate, percent uninsured, total emergency physician full-time equivalents and proportion of EM board-certified (BC) or EM board-eligible (BE) physicians. Data analysis used chi-square tests and multivariable logistical regression to compare differences in access to bedside ED ultrasound by ED characteristics and staffing.\n\n\nResults: We received complete responses from 298 (85%) EDs. Immediate access to bedside ultrasound was available in 175 (59%) EDs. ED characteristics associated with access to bedside ultrasound were: location (39% for rural vs. 71% for urban, P20%] rates, P<0.001); and EM BC/BE physicians (26% for EDs with a low percentage [0-20%] vs.74% for EDs with a high percentage [≥80%], P<0.001).\n\n\nConclusion: U.S. EDs differ significantly in their access to immediate bedside ultrasound. Smaller, rural EDs and those staffed by fewer EM BC/BE physicians more frequently lacked access to immediate bedside ultrasound in the ED. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(1):96-99.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "access to care" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Rural" }, { "word": "Health and Medical Administrative Services" } ], "section": "Ultrasound", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34q3n1rr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brad", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Talley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Denver Health Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Adit", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Ginde", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado School of Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Raja", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard Medical School", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ashley", "middle_name": "F", "last_name": "Sullivan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Janice", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Espinola", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Carlos", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Camargo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-23T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-23T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17863/galley/9117/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17987, "title": "Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The presentation of vertebrobasilar artery occlusion varies with the cause of occlusion and location of ischemia. This often results in delay in diagnosis. Areas of the brain supplied by the posterior circulation are difficult to visualize and usually require angiography or magnetic resonance imaging. Intravenous thrombolysis and local-intra arterial thrombolysis are the most common treatment approaches used. Recanalization of the occluded vessel significantly improves morbidity and mortality. Here we present a review of the literature and a case of a patient with altered mental status caused by vertebrobasilar artery occlusion. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):233-239.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "altered mental status" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Cerebral Vascular Accident" }, { "word": "vertebrobasilar artery occlusion" }, { "word": "vertebrobasilar artery thrombectomy" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Neurology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z2136cg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Schoen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Boysen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Chase", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Warren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bharath", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chakravarthy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Shahram", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lotfipour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-07-30T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-07-30T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17987/galley/9182/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17969, "title": "Warfarin Overdose in a Breast-feeding Woman", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We describe a case of a breastfeeding woman with an accidental warfarin overdose resulting in a markedly elevated prothrombin time. The breast-fed infant was evaluated and tested for ill effects. We discuss the use of warfarin while breast-feeding. [West J Emerg Med. 2011;12(2):216-217.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Warfarin" }, { "word": "anticoagulation" }, { "word": "breast-feeding" }, { "word": "Obstetrics and Gynecology" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "toxicology" } ], "section": "Women's Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6gn0d02d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schindler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Valley Medical Center, Renton, WA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Graham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-06T08:00:00+01:00", "date_accepted": "2010-04-06T08:00:00+01:00", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17969/galley/9178/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17920, "title": "WestJEM Residency Competition 2011", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Residency Abstract Competition", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1fm0h65m", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2011-03-15T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-15T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-23T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17920/galley/9145/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43945, "title": "Scleroderma and Intracardiac Myxoma: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71q042n9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pamela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Law", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Skinner", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2011-03-21T17:25:55Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43945/galley/32748/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59618, "title": "A Sick World: Microscopic Considerations in Disease Propagation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "disease" }, { "word": "Propagation" }, { "word": "Vaccine" }, { "word": "economy" }, { "word": "Transmission" }, { "word": "agriculture" }, { "word": "Other Immunology and Infectious Disease" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0m83p45r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lutz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-17T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-17T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-19T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59618/galley/45599/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 59626, "title": "Associations among Plankton Abundance, Water Quality And Sediment Quality In The San Francisco Bay: Nitrogen And Phosphorus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "nutrients from anthropogenic pollution can degrade water quality and alter the balance of marine food webs. lying at the base of the trophic pyramid, plankton quickly respond to nutrient changes in the water, which can have repercussions throughout both pelagic and benthic food webs, and thus they serve as a good bioindicator of water quality. In early november 2009, we evaluated sediment pollution, water pollution, and plankton abundance at four shoreline sites in the San Francisco Bay. We tested the sediment for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and pH levels, all factors that can affect growth of primary producers. In the water, we tested nitrate, phosphate, and pH levels. lastly, we sampled shoreline plankton abundance both morning and evening. Sediment phosphorus and water phosphates were strongly correlated with one another, but water nitrates remained relatively constant, at low levels, across sites. daytime plankton abundance showed a positive trend with water phosphate. these trends suggest nitrogen is quickly taken up by plankton, making nitrogen the limiting factor for them. the relationship between plankton and phosphorus is influenced by more complex factors.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "plankton" }, { "word": "nitrogen" }, { "word": "phosphorus" }, { "word": "Pollution" }, { "word": "anthropogenic" }, { "word": "water quality" }, { "word": "sediment" }, { "word": "Indicator" }, { "word": "San Francisco Bay" }, { "word": "Ecology, Evolution, Systematics, and Population Biology" } ], "section": "Research", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zf0t4tr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moritsch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2011-03-17T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2011-03-17T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2011-03-19T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59626/galley/45607/download/" } ] } ] }