Article List
API Endpoint for journals.
GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=28600
{ "count": 38421, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=28700", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=28500", "results": [ { "pk": 45567, "title": "A Conversation with Bernard Banoun", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A conversation with the translator and scholar Bernard Banoun. The following conversation took place in Berkeley on October 29, 2009.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Yoko Tawada" }, { "word": "translation" }, { "word": "Übersetzung" }, { "word": "German Language and Literature" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05g4f64m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bernard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Banoun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Paris-Sorbonne", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kurt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beals", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Born", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ellis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Deniz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Göktürk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45567/galley/34354/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45553, "title": "Sonderzeichen Yoko Tawada: Ein Briefwechsel zwischen Susan Bernofsky und Bernard Banoun", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An exchange of letters, written in German, between Bernard Banoun and Susan Bernofsky, addressing issues relating to translation, and particularly to their translations of the works of Yoko Tawada into French and English, respectively.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Yoko Tawada" }, { "word": "translation" }, { "word": "Übersetzung" }, { "word": "German Language and Literature" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fw2k2jj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bernofsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Translator, author and scholar", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bernard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Banoun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Translator and scholar, University Paris - Sorbonne", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45553/galley/34341/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45579, "title": "Spoofing Herzog and Herzog Spoofing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This essay explores how humor, parody, and self-parody have shaped and reshaped the public image of the filmmaker Werner Herzog, especially since the 1990s and with the help of various spectators, particularly those who create and circulate their own images of the iconic German director. To see this dynamic at work, we have to look not only at Herzog’s films, but also at his many interviews and public appearances, at his performances in films made by other directors, at animated cartoons and reality TV programs, at Internet blogs and streaming videos, at comedy websites and live-comedy shows. Collectively, this material suggests that the revitalization of Herzog’s career in recent years has relied in part on humor and parody: that of the filmmaker and that of his audience.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Humor" }, { "word": "Parody" }, { "word": "identity" }, { "word": "Spectatorship" }, { "word": "intertextuality" }, { "word": "Werner Herzog" }, { "word": "Film/Cinema/Video Studies" }, { "word": "German Language and Literature" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rs845mn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ames", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45579/galley/34366/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45596, "title": "The Province Always Rings Twice: Christian Petzold’s Heimatfilm noir \nJerichow", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "After achieving critical success as one of Germany’s leading contemporary film makers with his \nGespenster/Ghosts\n trilogy (2000, 2005, 2007), Christian Petzold’s subsequent film, \nJerichow\n (2008) has continued his interest in utilizing genre conventions to explore the dynamics between his central characters, lost in the forgotten and empty spaces of post-unification Germany, this “Zwischendeutschland.” A loose adaptation of James M. Cain’s \nThe Postman Always Rings Twice\n, and thus assuming a position in an enduring series of celebrated film adaptations of the novel in Hollywood and European cinema, Petzold’s film sets the ménage-à-trois in place in the depopulated landscape of northeastern Germany. With the inevitable crime playing out against the “immanent borderscapes that make up the heart of late capitalist Germany” (Abel 2008), Petzold’s use of genre cinema again raises questions about the economic and political settlement of Germany set against the urban and provincial spaces of late capitalism, and about the impossibility of returning home.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Petzold" }, { "word": "Jerichow" }, { "word": "Postman" }, { "word": "Germany" }, { "word": "Heimat" }, { "word": "Landscape" }, { "word": "Film Noir" }, { "word": "adaptation" }, { "word": "Film/Cinema/Video Studies" }, { "word": "German Language and Literature" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r61h87r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alasdair", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "King", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Queen Mary, University of London", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-10-03T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45596/galley/34385/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3996, "title": "Usurpation of Monuments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Usurpation was the practice by some Egyptian rulers of replacing the names of predecessors with their own on monuments such as temple reliefs and royal statuary. Usurpation was often carried out in connection with the damnatio memoriae of pharaohs such as Hatshepsut and Tutankhamen. Ramesses II usurped dozens of monuments of various Middle and New Kingdom predecessors, not to defame them but to promote his own kingship. In the later Ramesside Period, usurpation was again linked to damnatio memoriae. Usurpation for either reason continued in the Saite Period and, sporadically, into Ptolemaic and Roman times.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "usurpation" }, { "word": "reuse" }, { "word": "damnatio memoriae" }, { "word": "kingship" }, { "word": "predecessors" }, { "word": "destruction" }, { "word": "architecture" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5gj996k5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Memphis, Tennessee", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-02-25T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-02-25T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-30T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3996/galley/2572/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62461, "title": "Anthropogenic Influence on Recent Bathymetric Change in West-Central San Francisco Bay", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Two multibeam sonar surveys of west-central San Francisco Bay, California, were conducted in 1997 and 2008. Bathymetric change analysis between the two surveys indicates a loss of 14.1 million cubic meters (-3.1 cm/yr) of sediment during this time period, representing an approximately three-fold acceleration of the rate that was observed from prior depth change analysis from 1947 to 1979 for all of Central Bay, using more spatially coarse National Ocean Service (NOS) soundings. The portions of the overlapping survey areas between 1997 and 2008 designated as aggregate mining lease sites lost sediment at five times the rate of the remainder of west-central San Francisco Bay. Despite covering only 28% of the analysis area, volume change within leasing areas accounted for 9.2 million cubic meters of sediment loss, while the rest of the area lost 4.9 million cubic meters of sediment. The uncertainty of this recent analysis is more tightly constrained due to more stringent controls on vertical and horizontal position via tightly coupled, inertially aided differential Global Positioning Systems (GPS) solutions for survey vessel trajectory that virtually eliminate inaccuracies from traditional tide modeling and vessel motion artifacts. Further, quantification of systematic depth measurement error can now be calculated through comparison of static surfaces (e.g., bedrock) between surveys using seafloor habitat maps based on acoustic backscatter measurements and ground-truthing with grab samples and underwater video. Sediment loss in the entire San Francisco Bay Coastal System during the last half-century, as estimated from a series of bathymetric change studies, is 240 million cubic meters, and most of this is believed to be coarse sediment (i.e., sand and gravel) from Central Bay and the San Francisco Bar, which is likely to limit the sand supply to adjacent, open-coast beaches. This hypothesis is supported by a calibrated numerical model in a related study that indicates that there is a potential net export of sand-sized sediment across the Golden Gate, suggesting that a reduction in the supply of sand-sized sediment within west-central San Francisco Bay will limit transport to the outer coast.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "bathymetry" }, { "word": "multibeam sonar" }, { "word": "estuary" }, { "word": "anthropogenic" }, { "word": "dredging" }, { "word": "aggregate mining" }, { "word": "sediment transport" }, { "word": "Geology" }, { "word": "Natural Resources Management and Policy" }, { "word": "Marine Biology and Biological Oceanography" }, { "word": "Other Earth Sciences" }, { "word": "Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6k3524hg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barnard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "U.S. Geological Survey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rikk", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kvitek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Monterey Bay", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-10-28T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-10-28T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-26T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62461/galley/48289/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62462, "title": "Change in Urban Land Use and Associated Attributes in the Upper San Francisco Estuary, 1990-2006", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Land use is an ultimate driver of many of the stressors on the Upper San Francisco Estuary, but the magnitude and pattern of land use change has not been analyzed. This paper attempts to fill this knowledge gap through a screening-level risk assessment. Urban land use was compared within hydrodynamic subregions in 1990, 2000, and 2006. Ancillary data were then used to quantify secondary measures such as impervious cover, housing density, road density and road crossings. Despite the rapid growth of the Bay Area, Sacramento, and Stockton metropolitan areas, the percentage of urban area and rates of change in the subregions are generally low to moderate when compared to other estuaries in the United States. The spatial data sets used in this analysis have been posted online to a public repository to be used by other researchers.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "urban growth" }, { "word": "geographic information systems" }, { "word": "GIS" }, { "word": "hydrodynamic subregions" }, { "word": "housing density" }, { "word": "road-stream crossings" }, { "word": "impervious cover" }, { "word": "Geography" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5db1g3pq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Stoms", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California - Santa Barbara", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-05T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-05T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-26T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62462/galley/48290/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62463, "title": "Current and Long-Term Effects of Delta Water Quality on Drinking Water Treatment Costs from Disinfection Byproduct Formation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Sea level rise and the failure of subsided western islands are likely future conditions for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. This study explores the current and long-term effects of changes in the Delta’s water quality on drinking treatment costs for alternative disinfection and additional disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursor removal. Current and likely future Delta water qualities were investigated for electrical conductivity and the concentrations of bromide, and organic carbon. With roughly 1.5 million acre-feet (af) per year of Delta water used for urban water supplies, the drinking water treatment cost differences of taking water from the south Delta and the Sacramento River upstream could amount to $30 to $90 million per year currently, and could rise to $200 to $1000 million per year in the future, with lower water quality and urban use of Delta waters rising to 2 million af annually. From these results, waters drawn directly from the Delta will likely become more difficult and expensive to treat, making the Delta less desirable as a conventional water source.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "drinking water" }, { "word": "treatment cost" }, { "word": "estuarine water quality" }, { "word": "Civil Engineering" }, { "word": "Engineering" }, { "word": "Environmental Engineering Technology/Environmental Technology" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qf4072h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wei-Hsiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Haunschild", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Lund", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fleenor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-04-14T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-04-14T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-26T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62463/galley/48291/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62460, "title": "Habitat Variability and Complexity in the Upper San Francisco Estuary", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "High variability in environmental conditions in both space and time once made the upper San Francisco Estuary (the Estuary) highly productive for native biota. Present conditions often discourage native species, providing a rationale for restoring estuarine variability and habitat complexity. Achieving a variable, more complex Estuary requires policies which: (1) establish internal Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (the Delta) flows that create a tidally mixed, upstream–downstream gradient in water quality, with minimal cross-Delta flows; (2) create slough networks with more natural channel geometry and less diked, riprapped channel habitat; (3) increase inflows from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers; (4) increase tidal marsh habitat, including shallow (1 to 2 m) subtidal areas, in both fresh and brackish zones of the Estuary; (5) create/allow large expanses of low salinity (1 to 4 ppt) open water habitat in the Delta; (6) create a hydrodynamic regime where salinities in the upper Estuary range from near-fresh to 8 to 10 ppt periodically, to discourage alien species and favor desirable species; (7) take species-specific actions that reduce abundance of non-native species and increase abundance of desirable species; (8) establish abundant annual floodplain habitat, with additional large areas that flood in less frequent wet years; (9) reduce inflow of agricultural and urban pollutants; and (10) improve the temperature regime in large areas of the Estuary so temperatures rarely exceed 20 °C during summer and fall months. These actions collectively provide a realistic if experimental approach to achieving flow and habitat objectives to benefit desirable species. Some of these goals are likely to be achieved without deliberate action as the result of sea level rise, climate change, and levee failures, but in the near term, habitat, flow restoration and export reduction projects can enhance a return to a more variable and more productive ecosystem.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "estuarine fish" }, { "word": "fishes" }, { "word": "pollution" }, { "word": "hydrodynamics" }, { "word": "Delta" }, { "word": "Suisun Marsh" }, { "word": "Ecology, Evolution, Systematics, and Population Biology" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kf0d32x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Moyle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Lund", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Bennett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis, Bodega Marine Laboratory", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fleenor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-12T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-12T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-26T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62460/galley/48288/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3987, "title": "Feathers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Throughout Egyptian history, feathers appear in purely utilitarian settings and also in ritual contexts where they ornament crowns and personify deities. Feathered fans were used to signal the presence of royal or divine beings, and feathers identified certain ethnic types. Feathers are known from representations and also actual examples recovered primarily from tombs.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "plume" }, { "word": "fan" }, { "word": "crown" }, { "word": "ornament" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4737m1mb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Teeter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2007-12-03T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2007-12-03T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3987/galley/2563/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3992, "title": "Karnak: Development of the Temple of Amun-Ra", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The temple of Amun-Ra at Karnak (Luxor) experienced over 1,500 years of construction, destruction, renovation, and expansion. Here we provide a detailed survey of the current understanding of the temple’s chronological development, based primarily on published excavation reports, as well as interpretive articles and recent discoveries at the site.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "temple" }, { "word": "architecture" }, { "word": "development" }, { "word": "king" }, { "word": "mud brick" }, { "word": "lime stone" }, { "word": "Amun-Ra" }, { "word": "Montu" }, { "word": "Aten" }, { "word": "sphinx" }, { "word": "bark shrine" }, { "word": "pylon" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Geography", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1f28q08h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elaine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sullivan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-04-22T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-04-22T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3992/galley/2568/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3991, "title": "Liquids in Temple Ritual", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In ancient Egypt the liquids most commonly used in temple rituals included wine, beer, milk, and water. The meaning of the ritual act was intimately related to the nature of the liquid employed, as well as to whatever religious and mythological associations the liquid was known to possess. With the exception of beer, all the ritual offerings of liquids were connected in some way with the idea of rejuvenation.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "milk" }, { "word": "Water" }, { "word": "wine" }, { "word": "beer" }, { "word": "Religion" }, { "word": "offering" }, { "word": "cult" }, { "word": "Hathor" }, { "word": "Sakhmet" }, { "word": "Tefnut" }, { "word": "drunkenness" }, { "word": "Color" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gh1n151", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mu-Chou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Poo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chinese University of Hong Kong", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-03-19T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-03-19T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3991/galley/2567/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3993, "title": "Painted Funerary Portraits", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The term “painted funerary portraits” used here encompasses a group of portraits painted on either wooden panels or on linen shrouds that were used to decorate portrait mummies from Roman Egypt (conventionally called “mummy portraits”). They have been found in cemeteries in almost all parts of Egypt, from the coastal city of Marina el-Alamein to Aswan in Upper Egypt, and originate from the early first century AD to the mid third century with the possible exception of a small number of later shrouds. Their patrons were a wealthy local elite influenced by Hellenistic and Roman culture but deeply rooted in Egyptian religious belief. To date, over 1000 portraits, but only a few complete mummies, are known and are dispersed among museums and collections on every continent.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Fayum portrait" }, { "word": "mummie portrait" }, { "word": "Hawara" }, { "word": "Lahun" }, { "word": "portrait mummie" }, { "word": "encaustic" }, { "word": "Wax" }, { "word": "stucco" }, { "word": "red shrouded" }, { "word": "gilded" }, { "word": "tempera" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7426178c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Borg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter, UK", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-05-14T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-05-14T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3993/galley/2569/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3990, "title": "Patterns of Royal Name-giving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In ancient Egypt the selection of royal names could follow a number of patterns, including borrowing from the ruler’s own family or from an illustrious predecessor. The names often announced a king’s policy or the situation in which the ruler found himself at his accession.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "family" }, { "word": "predecessor" }, { "word": "ruler" }, { "word": "policy" }, { "word": "Golden Horus name" }, { "word": "Horus name" }, { "word": "throne name" }, { "word": "Two Lands" }, { "word": "Two Ladies" }, { "word": "dynasty" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Individual and Society", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51b2647c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ronald", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leprohon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-03-19T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-03-19T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3990/galley/2566/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3994, "title": "Recitation, Speech Acts, and Declamation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Ancient Egyptian texts have been found with instructions on how they should be performed. Recitation, speech acts, and declamation are related to the action of speaking out loud in religious-ritual and juridical contexts, as well as for entertainment. Recitations are used in contexts that demand a correct wording or the power of words as utterance. Speech acts are performative or operative texts, which have an effect by being spoken out loud and result in a change of the persons or objects that are addressed by the text. Declamations are a performance of literary compositions to an audience. The basis on which texts can be considered as part of a recitation, speech act, or declamation are not only in-text terms but also indications of their performance-context, their localization in an accessible place, and their performance by an authorized person.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Jurisdiction" }, { "word": "Late Middle Egyptian" }, { "word": "libraries" }, { "word": "Literature" }, { "word": "literary styles" }, { "word": "oath" }, { "word": "priest" }, { "word": "papyri" }, { "word": "performative" }, { "word": "Pyramid Texts" }, { "word": "Rhetoric" }, { "word": "ritual" }, { "word": "speech-act" }, { "word": "thought couplets" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gh1q0md", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meyer-Dietrich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Uppsala, Sweden", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-05-16T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-05-16T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3994/galley/2570/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3989, "title": "Reuse and Restoration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Like members of all pre-modern societies, ancient Egyptians practiced various forms of recycling. The reuse of building materials by rulers is attested throughout Egyptian history and was motivated by ideological and economic concerns. Reuse of masonry from the dilapidated monuments of royal predecessors may have given legitimacy to newer constructions, but in some cases, economic considerations or even antipathy towards an earlier ruler were the decisive factors. Private individuals also made use of the tombs and burial equipment of others—often illicitly—and tomb robbing was a common phenomenon. Ultimately, many monuments were reused in the post-Pharaonic era, including tombs. Restoration of decayed or damaged monuments was a pious aspiration of some rulers. In the wake of Akhenaten’s iconoclastic vendetta against the god Amun and the Theban triad, his successors carried out a large-scale program of restoring vandalized reliefs and inscriptions. Restorations of Tutankhamun and Aye were often usurped by Horemheb and Sety I as part of the damnatio memoriae of the Amarna-era pharaohs. Post-Amarna restorations were sometimes marked by a formulaic inscribed “label.” Restoration inscriptions and physical repairs to damaged reliefs and buildings were also made by the Ptolemaic kings and Roman emperors.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "reuse" }, { "word": "recycling" }, { "word": "damnatio memoriae" }, { "word": "restoration" }, { "word": "usurpation" }, { "word": "construction" }, { "word": "monument" }, { "word": "architecture" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vp6065d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Memphis", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-03-06T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-03-06T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3989/galley/2565/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3995, "title": "Shrine", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Shrines, defined here as the architectural element immediately surrounding a sacred image, usually of a god, are attested throughout Pharaonic history, but with regional and chronological variations very evident. The architectural form of Egyptian shrines was developed from that of archaic “tent-shrines” made of timber and matting, but later examples represent a distillation of formal temple architecture. Eventually, classic shrine-forms were deployed in non-temple contexts.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "shrine" }, { "word": "naos" }, { "word": "temple" }, { "word": "Religion" }, { "word": "monolithic" }, { "word": "architecture" }, { "word": "bark shrine" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t48n007", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Neal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spencer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The British Museum, London, UK", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-08-20T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-08-20T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3995/galley/2571/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3988, "title": "Stone Tool Production", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In ancient Egypt, flint or chert was used for knapped stone tools from the Lower Palaeolithic down to the Pharaonic Period. The raw material was available in abundance on the desert surface, or it could be mined from the limestone formations along the Nile Valley. While the earliest lithic industries of Prehistoric Egypt resemble the stone tool assemblages from other parts of Africa, as well as Asia and Europe, the later Prehistoric stone industries in Egypt had very specific characteristics, producing some of the finest knapped stone tools ever manufactured in the ancient world. Throughout Egypt’s history, butchering tools, such as knives and scrapers, and harvesting tools in the form of sickle blades made of flint, underlined the importance of stone tools for the agrarian society of ancient Egypt.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Palaeolithic" }, { "word": "Neolithic" }, { "word": "predynastic" }, { "word": "arrow head" }, { "word": "debitage" }, { "word": "lithics" }, { "word": "flint" }, { "word": "chert" }, { "word": "hand axe" }, { "word": "hunter-gatherer" }, { "word": "Archaeological Anthropology" }, { "word": "Art History, Criticism and Conservation" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" } ], "section": "Material Culture, Art and Architecture", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pb3h0h1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hikade", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of British Columbia, Canada", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-02-04T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-02-04T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-25T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3988/galley/2564/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17679, "title": "Acute Stroke from Air Embolism After Leg Sclerotherapy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "sclerotherapy complications cerebral air embolism" }, { "word": "Cardiovascular Diseases" }, { "word": "Nervous System Diseases" }, { "word": "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75g361t3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Delaney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine,", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Bowe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine,", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Higgins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine,", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-26T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-26T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17679/galley/9027/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17685, "title": "A Frail Patient with Abdominal Pain", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Volvulus is a frequent condition in patient presenting in emergency department (ED) with abdominal pain. While cecal volvulus occurs more often in young patients, sigmoid volvulus is more common in elderly patients. We present the case of a frail patient with a large sigmoid volvulus.[West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):400-401.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Intestinal volvulus" }, { "word": "Sigmoid" }, { "word": "Frail elderly" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tc560p4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fabrizio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Elia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "High Dependency Unit, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Torino, Italy", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Fiammetta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pagnozzi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "High Dependency Unit, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Torino, Italy", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Paolo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Busolli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radiology, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Torino, Italy", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Franco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aprà", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "High Dependency Unit, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Torino, Italy", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-25T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-25T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17685/galley/9030/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17581, "title": "Alcohol Outlets and Violent Crime in Washington D.C.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Alcohol is more likely than any other drug to be involved in substance-related violence. In 2000 violence-related and self-directed injuries accounted for an estimated $37 billion and $33 billion in productivity losses and medical treatment, respectively. A review of emergency department data revealed violence and clinically identified trauma-related injuries have the strongest correlation among alcohol-dependent injuries. At the environmental level there is a relationship between alcohol outlet density and violent crime. A limited number of studies have examined the relationship between alcohol outlet type and the components of violent crime. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the aggregate components of violent crime and alcohol outlet density by type of outlet.\n\n\nMethods: For this study we used Washington, D.C. census tract data from the 2000 census to examine neighborhood characteristics. Alcohol outlet, violent crime, and population-level data for Washington, D.C. were drawn from various official yet publicly available sources. We developed an analytic database to examine the relationship between alcohol outlet category and four types of violent crime. After estimating spatial correlation and determining spatial dependence, we used a negative binomial regression analysis to assess the alcohol availability-violent crime association, while controlling for structural correlates of violence.\n\n\nResults: Independent of alternative structural correlates of violent crime, including the prevalence of weapons and illicit drugs, community-level alcohol outlet density is significantly associated with assaultive violence. Outlets were significantly related to robbery, assault, and sexual offenses. In addition, the relationship among on-premise and off-premise outlets varied across violent crime categories.\n\n\nConclusion: In Washington, D.C., alcohol outlet density is significantly associated with the violent crimes. The science regarding alcohol outlet density and alcohol-related harms has clearly identified the use of limiting outlet density to reduce the associated adverse health consequences. Moreover, the disproportionate burden among poor urban and minority communities underscores the urgency to develop context-appropriate policies to regulate the functioning of current alcohol outlet establishments and to prevent the proliferation of future outlets. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 284-291.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Alcohol Outlets" }, { "word": "Violence" }, { "word": "urban" }, { "word": "Robbery" }, { "word": "Assault" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Public health" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36j311xv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "F.", "middle_name": "Abron", "last_name": "Franklin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Satcher Health Leadership Institute, Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "LaVeist", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Baltimore, MD", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Webster", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Baltimore, MD", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Pan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, MD", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17581/galley/8968/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17569, "title": "Children at Risk for Suicide Attempt and Attempt-related Injuries: Findings from the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Purpose: The current study examines the associations between a range of risk factors and reports of suicide attempts, and attempts requiring medical care in a nationally representative study of high school students. The goal is to examine sex differences in the risk factors that are associated with suicide attempts and attempt-related injuries requiring treatment by a health-care provider.\n\n\nMethods: Data from the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey for students in grades 9-12 were used to assess the prevalence and risk factors for suicidal behavior as well as differences in these for boys and girls. Cross-sectional multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed to determine the most important risk factors for suicide attempts and for suicide attempts requiring medical care for the sample overall and also stratified for boys and for girls.\n\n\nResults: Overall, 6.9% of adolescents attempted suicide (9.3% of girls versus 4.6% of boys). Girls were more likely than boys to report a suicide attempt in the past year (Adj.OR=2.89). Among girls, sadness (Adj.OR=5.74), weapon carrying (Adj.OR=1.48), dating violence (Adj.OR=1.60), forced sex (Adj.OR=1.72), and huffing glue (Adj.OR=2.04) were significantly associated with suicide attempts. Among boys, sadness (Adj.OR=10.96), weapon carrying (Adj.OR=1.66), forced sex (Adj.OR=2.60), huffing glue (OR=1.63), hard drug use (Adj.OR=2.18), and sports involvement (Adj.OR=1.52) were significantly associated with suicide attempts.\n\n\nConclusions: These findings demonstrate similarities and differences in terms of the modifiable risk factors that increase risk for suicide attempts among boys and girls. In terms of the differences between boys and girls, hard drug use and sports involvement may be important factors for suicide prevention strategies that are directed specifically towards boys, while dating violence victimization may be an important risk factor to address for girls. Overall, these findings can help guide prevention, clinical practice, and intervention strategies to prevent suicidal behaviors among adolescents. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 258-264.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "adolescent" }, { "word": "Suicide" }, { "word": "Alcohol" }, { "word": "drug use" }, { "word": "suicidal behavior" }, { "word": "injuries" }, { "word": "youth" }, { "word": "gender specific" }, { "word": "Violence" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Other Medicine and Health Sciences" }, { "word": "Other Mental and Social Health" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0f75x7x9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bethany", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "West", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University's Institute of Public Health in Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Swahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University's Institute of Public Health in Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Frances", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCarty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University's Institute of Public Health in Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17569/galley/8963/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17659, "title": "Coronary Disease in Emergency Department Chest Pain Patients with Recent Negative Stress Testing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Cardiac stress tests for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) are incompletely sensitive and specific.\n\n\nObjective: We examined the frequency of significant CAD in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain who have had a recent negative or inconclusive (<85% of predicted maximum heart rate) cardiac stress test.\n\n\nMethods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients identified from ED and cardiology registries at the study hospital. We included patients presenting to the ED with a chief complaint of chest pain, with a negative cardiac stress test in the past three years as the last cardiac test, and hospital admission. One-hundred sixty-four patients met the inclusion criteria. Their admission was reviewed for diagnosis of CAD by positive serum troponin, percutaneous coronary intervention, or positive stress test while an inpatient.\n\n\nResults: Of 164 patients, 122 (74.4%, 95% CI 67.7, 81.1) had a negative stress test prior to the index admission, while 42 (25.6%, 95% CI 18.9, 32.3) had otherwise normal but inconclusive stress tests. Thirty-four (20.7%, 95% CI 14.4,27.0) of the included patients were determined to have CAD. Twenty-five of the 122 patients (20.5%, 95% CI 13.3, 27.7) had negative pre-admission stress tests and nine of 42 patients (21.4%, 95% CI 9.0, 33.8) had inclusive stress tests of CAD. A statistical comparison between these two proportions showed no significant difference (p = .973).\n\n\nConclusion: Due to inadequate sensitivity, negative non-invasive cardiac stress tests should not be used to rule out CAD. Patients with negative stress tests are just as likely to have CAD as patients with inconclusive stress tests. [West J Emerg Med 2010; 11(4):384-388.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "chest pain" }, { "word": "cardiac stress test" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81d8p1qk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "York Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, York, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Galuska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "York Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, York, PA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vega", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "York Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, York, PA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-10T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-10T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17659/galley/9016/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17568, "title": "Correlation Between Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Risk of Substance Abuse and Depression among African-American Women Seen in an Urban Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To assess rates of substance abuse (including tobacco, alcohol, and drug abuse) as well as rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) among African-American women seen in an urban Emergency Department (ED).\n\n\nMethods: Eligible participants included all African-American women between the ages of 21-55 years old who were seen in an urban ED for any complaint, and who were triaged to the waiting room. Eligible women who consented to participate were taken to complete a computer-based survey that focused on demographic information and general health questions as well as standardized instruments including the Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA), the Tolerance, Worried, Eye openers, Amnesia, K(C)ut down (TWEAK) screen for alcohol abuse, Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST20), and Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). This analysis uses results from a larger study evaluating the effects of providing patients with targeted educational literature based on the results of their screening.\n\n\nResults: 610 women were surveyed. Among these, 85 women (13.9%) screened positive for IPV. Women who screened positive for IPV were significantly more likely to also screen positive for tobacco abuse (56% vs. 37.5%, p< 0.001), alcohol abuse (47.1% vs. 23.2%, p < 0.001), and drug abuse (44.7% vs. 9.5%, p<0.001). Women who screened positive for IPV were also more likely to screen positive for depression and to report social isolation.\n\n\nConclusion: African-American women seen in the ED, who screen positive for IPV, are at significantly higher risk of drug, alcohol, tobacco abuse, depression and social isolation than women who do not screen positive for IPV. These findings have important implications for ED-based and community-based social services for women who are victims of intimate partner violence. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 253-257.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Intimate partner violence substance abuse depression" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6893p00c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Abigail", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hankin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "L.", "middle_name": "Shakiyla", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jill", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Daugherty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-28T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-28T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17568/galley/8962/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17576, "title": "Drive Alive: Teen Seat Belt Survey Program", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To increase teen seat belt use among drivers at a rural high school by implementing the Drive Alive Pilot Program (DAPP), a theory-driven intervention built on highway safety best practices.\n\n\nMethods: The first component of the program was 20 observational teen seat belt surveys conducted by volunteer students in a high school parking lot over a 38-month period before and after the month-long intervention. The survey results were published in the newspaper. The second component was the use of incentives, such as gift cards, to promote teen seat belt use. The third component involved disincentives, such as increased police patrol and school policies. The fourth component was a programmatic intervention that focused on education and media coverage of the DAPP program.\n\n\nResults: Eleven pre-intervention surveys and nine post-intervention surveys were conducted before and after the intervention. The pre- and post-intervention seat belt usage showed significant differences (p<0.0001). The average pre-intervention seat belt usage rate was 51.2%, while the average post-intervention rate was 74.5%. This represents a percentage point increase of 23.3 in seat belt use after the DAPP intervention.\n\n\nConclusion: Based on seat belt observational surveys, the DAPP was effective in increasing seat belt use among rural high school teenagers. Utilizing a theory-based program that builds on existing best practices can increase the observed seat belt usage among rural high school students. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 280-283.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Drive" }, { "word": "Alive" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Public Health Education and Promotion" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jc752hn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katie", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Burkett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Department of Community Health, Division of Emergency Preparedness and Response, Injury Prevention Program, Jesup, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Steve", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davidson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Department of Community Health, Division of Emergency Preparedness and Response, Injury Prevention Program, Jesup, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Carol", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cotton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Georgia’s Traffic Safety Research and Evaluation Group, Athens, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barlament", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Georgia’s Traffic Safety Research and Evaluation Group, Athens, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Laurel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Loftin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Georgia’s Traffic Safety Research and Evaluation Group, Athens, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stephens", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Southern University’s Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Statesboro, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dunbar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Southern University’s Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Statesboro, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Butterfield", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Southern University’s Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Statesboro, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17576/galley/8967/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17657, "title": "Echocardiography to Supplement Stress Electrocardiography in Emergency Department Chest Pain Patients", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: Chest pain (CP) patients in the Emergency Department (ED) present a diagnostic dilemma, with a low prevalence of coronary disease but grave consequences with misdiagnosis. A common diagnostic strategy involves ED cardiac monitoring while excluding myocardial necrosis, followed by stress testing. We sought to describe the use of stress echocardiography (echo) at our institution, to identify cardiac pathology compared with stress electrocardiography (ECG) alone.\n\n\nMethods: Retrospective cohort study of 57 urban ED Chest Pain Unit (CPU) patients from 2002-2005 with stress testing suggesting ischemia. Our main descriptive outcome was proportion and type of discordant findings between stress ECG testing and stress echo. The secondary outcome was whether stress echo results appeared to change management.\n\n\nResults: Thirty-four of 57 patients [59.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 46.9-72.4%] had stress echo results discordant with stress ECG results. The most common discordance was an abnormal stress ECG with a normal stress echo (n=17/57, 29.8%, CI 17.9-41.7%), followed by normal stress ECG but with reversible regional wall-motion abnormality on stress echo (n = 10/57, 17.5%, CI 7.7-27.4%). The remaining seven patients (12.3%, CI 3.8-20.8%) had non-diagnostic stress ECG due to sub-maximal effort. Stress echo showed reversible wall-motion abnormality in two, and five were normal. Twenty-five of the 34 patients (73.5%, CI 56.8-85.4%) with discordant results had a different diagnostic strategy than predicted from their stress ECG alone.\n\n\nConclusion: The addition of echo to stress ECG testing in ED CPU patients altered diagnosis in 34/57 (59.7%, CI 46.9-72.4%) patients, and appeared to change management in 25/57 (43.9%, CI 31.8-57.6%) patients. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):379-383.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "stress echo" }, { "word": "stress ECG" }, { "word": "Chest Pain Unit" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5r61g4bj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "I", "last_name": "Langdorf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ghobadi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Rudkin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Shahram", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lotfipour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Irvine, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-18T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-18T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17657/galley/9015/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17635, "title": "Eliminating Amylase Testing from the Evaluation of Pancreatitis in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Alterations in serum biomarkers have been used to evaluate for pancreatitis in the emergency department (ED). Studies have shown lipase to be as sensitive and more specific than amylase in diagnosing pancreatitis and that amylase plus lipase does not improve accuracy over lipase alone.\n\n\nObjective: To determine effects of interventions to decrease ordering of amylase in the evaluation of pancreatitis.\n\n\nMethods: We conducted a pre- and post-cohort study. The number of amylase and lipase tests ordered in the ED was recorded prior to intervention to establish a baseline. We introduced an educational intervention to order lipase without amylase. A second intervention involved removing amylase from bedside order entry forms. We introduced a third intervention that included deleting amylase from trauma order forms, and decoupling amylase and lipase in the computer ordering system. We recorded the number of lipase and amylase tests in weekly aggregates for comparison to the baseline. Data analysis using students t-test, standard deviation and p values are reported.\n\n\nResults: Before interventions 93% of patients had both tests ordered. Educational interventions resulted in a decrease to 91% (p=0.06) of co-ordering. Further interventions decreased the percentage of patients evaluated with both tests to 14.3%. This translates into a decrease in patient charges of approximately $350,000 a year.\n\n\nConclusion: Using simple structured interventions in the ED can reduce amylase ordering. Educational programming alone was not effective in significantly decreasing amylase ordering; however, education plus system-based interventions decreased amylase ordering. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):344-347.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "amylase" }, { "word": "lipase" }, { "word": "duplicate testing" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vm1t9px", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kathryn", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Volz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, MA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "McGillicuddy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, MA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Horowitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Boston, MA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Wolfe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, MA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Joyce", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, MA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, MA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-17T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-09-17T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17635/galley/8999/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17652, "title": "Emergency Department Activation of Interventional Cardiology to Reduce Door-to-Balloon Time", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Background: Despite American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, many hospitals have door-to-balloon times in excess of 90 minutes. Emergency Department (ED) activation of interventional cardiology has been described as an important strategy to reduce door-to-balloon time. However, prior studies on ED activation have been in suburban hospitals with door-to-balloon times near the ACC/AHA targeted times.\n\n\nObjective: To determine if ED activation of interventional cardiology could significantly improve reperfusion times and reach the ACC/AHA target of 90 minutes or less in a safety net hospital, a Level I trauma center and teaching hospital served as a primarily uninsured and underinsured patient population with door-to-balloon times ranking in the lowest quartile of United States hospitals.\n\n\nMethods: In this study, door-to balloon times before and after implementation of ED activation were compared by retrospective chart review.\n\n\nResults: Eighty patients were included in the study, 48 before and 32 after ED activation of interventional cardiology. Median door-to-balloon time decreased from 163.5 minutes before to 130 minutes after ED activation, a significant difference of 33.5 minutes (p=0.028). Door-to-balloon time on nights, weekends and holidays decreased from a median of 165.5 minutes to 130 minutes, a reduction of 35.5 minutes, which also reached statistical significance (p=0.029).\n\n\nConclusion: ED activation of interventional cardiology produced a statistically significant reduction in door-to-balloon time. However, the reduction was not enough to achieve a door-to-balloon time of less than 90 minutes. Safety net hospitals with door-to-balloon times in the lowest quartile nationally may require multiple strategies to achieve targeted myocardial reperfusion times. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):363-366.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "door-to-balloon time" }, { "word": "STEMI" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Catheterization Laboratory" }, { "word": "cardiology" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34x604xh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Mahler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Emergency Medicine, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Hoi", "middle_name": "Y", "last_name": "Chan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Emergency Medicine, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Donna", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Carden", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, Florida", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wolcott", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Emergency Medicine, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Conrad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Department of Emergency Medicine, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-23T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-23T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17652/galley/9010/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17631, "title": "Emergency Department Frequent User: Pilot Study of Intensive Case Management to Reduce Visits and Computed Tomography", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Emergency department (ED) frequent users account for a large number of annual ED visits and often receive radiological studies as a part of their evaluation. We report a pilot study of a case management program for ED frequent users to reduce ED usage and radiation exposure.\n\n\nMethods: This observational retrospective study was performed at a community hospital ED. Between May 2006 and April 2008, 96 patients were enrolled in a case management program and were followed through November 2008. The case management program consisted of a multi-disciplinary team of physicians, nurses, social services and specialists in pain management and behavioral health. Patients were enrolled if they had five or more visits to the ED in the previous month, if a concern about a patient’s ED use was raised by staff, or if they were identified by the California prescription monitoring program. Case management addressed specific patient issues and assisted with receiving consistent outpatient care. The number of ED visits per patient and the number of radiological studies at each of these visits was recorded. When reviewing data for analysis, we used the number of total images in all computed tomography (CT) scans during the given time period.\n\n\nResults: In the six months prior to enrollment, patients averaged 2.3 ED visits per patient per month. In the six months after enrollment, patients averaged 0.6 ED visits per patient per month (P<0.0001), and all visits after enrollment up to November 2008 averaged 0.4 visits per patient per month (P<0.0001). In the six months prior to enrollment, these patients averaged 25.6 CT images per patient per month. In the six months after enrollment, patients averaged 10.2 CT images per patient per month (P=0.001), and all CT images after enrollment up to November 2008 averaged 8.1 CT images per patient per month (P=0.0001). This represents a decrease in ED use by 83% and a decrease in radiation exposure by 67%.\n\n\nConclusion: Case management can significantly reduce ED use by frequent users, and can also decrease radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4): 336-343].", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "frequent use" }, { "word": "CT" }, { "word": "case management" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nm8s1fw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Casey", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Grover", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Reb", "middle_name": "JH", "last_name": "Close", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Department of Emergency Medicine, Monterey, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kathy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Villarreal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Department of Emergency Medicine, Monterey, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lee", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Goldman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, Department of Emergency Medicine, Monterey, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-06-20T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-06-20T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17631/galley/8996/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17574, "title": "Feasibility of Identifying Eligible Trauma Patients for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Intervention", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: This research report examines the feasibility of identifying eligible trauma patients for a study providing an early therapeutic intervention for the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and identifies reasons around participation.\n\n\nMethods: This prospective observational study used a convenience sample of acute trauma victims presenting to a university-affiliated Level One trauma center in a large southeastern city. Patients eligible to participate in the early intervention study were adults (18- 65) who experienced a traumatic event within 72 hours of presentation, feared that they might be killed or seriously injured during the event, and were able to return for follow up appointments. Patients were excluded if they were non-English speaking; experienced a loss of consciousness greater than 5 minutes; had a history of a serious mental illness or were currently suicidal; or endorsed current substance dependence. Descriptive statistics were conducted to determine differences in ineligible, eligible, and consenting trauma patients who enrolled in the intervention study.\n\n\nResults: Over a six month period, n =1961 patients presented for treatment of a traumatic injury during study hours. Results showed that eligible patients were significantly younger than ineligible patients. Survivors of assaults (physical and sexual), younger patients, and women were generally more likely to participate in a study offering a psychological intervention in the immediate aftermath of a traumatic event.\n\n\nConclusion: Fourteen percent of trauma patients were eligible and entered a study offering an early psychological intervention for the prevention of PTSD. Trauma type, age and gender may play a role in determining preference for receiving psychological services immediately after experiencing a traumatic event. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 275-279.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "PTSD" }, { "word": "early intervention" }, { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Psychololgy" }, { "word": "Social Sciences" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pr618d4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Malcoun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cathrine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arndt-Jordan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Kearns", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lindsey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zimmerman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hammond-Susten", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "O.", "last_name": "Rothbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17574/galley/8965/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17585, "title": "High School Students’ Perceptions of Motivations for Cyberbullying: An Exploratory Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Internet usage has increased in recent years resulting in a growing number of documented reports of cyberbullying. Despite the rise in cyberbullying incidents, there is a dearth of research regarding high school students’ motivations for cyberbullying. The purpose of this study was to investigate high school students' perceptions of the motivations for cyberbullying.\n\n\nMethod: We undertook an exploratory qualitative study with 20 high school students, conducting individual interviews using a semi-structured interview protocol. Data were analyzed using Grounded Theory.\n\n\nResults: The developed coding hierarchy provides a framework to conceptualize motivations, which can be used to facilitate future research about motivations and to develop preventive interventions designed to thwart the negative effects of cyberbullying. The findings revealed that high school students more often identified internally motivated reasons for cyberbullying (e.g., redirect feelings) than externally motivated (no consequences, non-confrontational, target was different).\n\n\nConclusion: Uncovering the motivations for cyberbullying should promote greater understanding of this phenomenon and potentially reduce the interpersonal violence that can result from it. By providing a framework that begins to clarify the internal and external factors motivating the behavior, there is enhanced potential to develop effective preventive interventions to prevent cyberbullying and its negative effects. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 270-274.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cyberbullying" }, { "word": "motivations" }, { "word": "high school students" }, { "word": "qualitative" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Other Psychology" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rg4t6tq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varjas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for School Safety, School Climate, and Classroom Management, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jasmaine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Talley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for School Safety, School Climate, and Classroom Management, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meyers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for School Safety, School Climate, and Classroom Management, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for School Safety, School Climate, and Classroom Management, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Hayley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cutts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for School Safety, School Climate, and Classroom Management, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-03T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-03T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17585/galley/8972/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17664, "title": "Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia: Belhassen Type", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ventricular tachycardia" }, { "word": "idiopathic" }, { "word": "EKG" }, { "word": "ECG" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1f1071hk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Quimby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, ME", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ariel", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Clark", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, ME", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Fix", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, ME", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-11T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-04-11T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17664/galley/9018/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17628, "title": "Impact of Resident Physicians on Emergency Department Throughput", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Evaluate the impact of adding emergency medicine residents to a medium-size urban hospital by comparing emergency department (ED) admission rate, total census, length of stay (LOS), and proportion of patients who left without being seen (LWBS).\n\n\nMethods: Using the student t-test, the study compared commonly used ED metrics for a mid-sized urban hospital (annual census 43,000) for the four-month period prior to (March-June 2006) and after (March-June 2007) residents began providing 24-hour coverage at the institution.\n\n\nResults: There was no significant difference in the number of patients seen (NPS) in the two time periods, 14,471 and 14,699 patients respectively (p=0.507). Analysis of the NPS and LWBS was not statistically significant. The percentage of patients who LWBS decreased with the presence of residents (6.5% to 5.8%, p=0.531), and the overall ED LOS was similar (210 min vs. 219 min, p=0.56). Admission rate data demonstrated that residents had a similar admission rate (17.5% vs. 18%, p =0.332).\n\n\nConclusion: ED flow depends on a number of variables with complex interactions. When comparing two similar time periods in consecutive years, the presence of resident physicians in the ED had no effect on the number of patients seen, patient LOS in the ED, or LWBS, thus supporting the conclusion that residents did not adversely affect the patient flow within the ED. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):333-335.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "resident physicians" }, { "word": "throughput" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vn9z5qq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jonathon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McGarry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christus-Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi-Memorial, Department of Emergency Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Corpus Christi, Texas", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Krall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christus-Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi-Memorial, Department of Emergency Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Corpus Christi, Texas", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McLaughlin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christus-Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi-Memorial, Department of Emergency Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Corpus Christi, Texas", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-05-13T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-05-13T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17628/galley/8994/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17668, "title": "Intestinal Angioedema Misdiagnosed as Recurrent Episodes of Gastroenteritis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Emergency physicians (EP) frequently encounter angioedema involving the lips and tongue. However, angioedema from Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors or hereditary angioedema (HAE) can present with gastrointestinal symptoms due to bowel wall involvement. EPs should begin to consider this clinical entity as a potential cause for abdominal pain and associated gastrointestinal symptoms given the common use of medications that can precipitate angioedema. We report a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with abdominal cramping, vomiting and diarrhea due to an acute exacerbation of HAE. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):391-394.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Intestinal Angioedema" }, { "word": "Hereditary angioedema" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8d5993dq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "LoCascio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Mahler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Arnold", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-15T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-09-15T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17668/galley/9021/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17583, "title": "Intimate Partner Violence, Physical Health, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Quality of Life in Latinas", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The purposes of this exploratory study were to a) describe physical health symptoms and diagnoses in abused immigrant Latinas, b) explore the relationships between the women’s physical health and their experiences of intimate partner violence, their history of childhood trauma, and their immigration status, and c) explore the correlations between their physical health, health related quality of life (HRQOL), and mental health, specifically symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD).\n\n\nMethods: The convenience sample (n=33) for this cross-sectional descriptive study consisted of Latino women who were receiving emergency shelter and community-based services at a domestic violence services agency in the northeastern U.S. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationships between physical health variables and IPV type and severity, childhood and adulthood sexual abuse, and HRQOL.\n\n\nResults: All of the women experienced threatened abuse. More than two-thirds of the women experienced moderate to severe psychological abuse, moderate to severe physical abuse, and/or sexual abuse. Twenty women experienced all three types. Women endorsed one or more items in neuromuscular (69.7%), gastrointestinal (63.6%), and genitourinary/gynecologic (45.5%) groupings. Pain was the most reported symptom: bodily pain in previous month (60%), repeated neck or back pain (54.5%), severe/frequent headaches (54.5%), and pelvic pain (21.2%). Eighty-one percent of women endorsed at least one pain item (mean=2.56) and the same number reported difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Pain and sleeping difficulty, the two most frequently reported symptoms, were consistently and highly correlated with PTSD and MDD diagnoses and symptom severity and HRQOL. Childhood sexual abuse was significantly correlated with total pain symptoms (r=0.606; p=0.000) and difficulty sleeping (from the PTSD scale) (r=0.349; p=0.046). Both pain (r=0.400; p=0.023) and sleeping difficulty (r=0.467; p=0.006) were also strongly correlated with undocumented immigration status.\n\n\nConclusion: Detailed assessment of patients with pain and sleep disorders can help identify IPV and its mental health sequelae, PTSD and MDD. Accurate identification of the root causes and pathways of the health burden carried by victims and survivors of IPV, who are vulnerable to persisting health problems without adequate healthcare, is critical in both clinical practice and research. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 248-252.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "intimate partner violence" }, { "word": "Physical Health" }, { "word": "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder" }, { "word": "major depression" }, { "word": "Latina" }, { "word": "Immigrant" }, { "word": "health related quality of life" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing" }, { "word": "Public Health and Community Nursing" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vh2w4fn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ursula", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kelly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Family and Community Nursing Atlanta VA Medical Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-03T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-03T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17583/galley/8970/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17696, "title": "Introducing Ultrasound to Medical School Curriculum", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7v66w1pc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Montessa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tenny", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-12-07T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-12-07T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17696/galley/9034/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17625, "title": "Learning to Use an Emergency Department Information System: Impact on Patient Length of Stay", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: An electronic emergency department information system (EDIS) can monitor the progress of a patient visit, facilitate computerized physician order entry, display test results and generate an electronic medical record. Ideally, use of an EDIS will increase overall emergency department (ED) efficiency. However, in academic settings where new interns rotate through the ED monthly, the “learning curve” experienced by the new EDIS user may slow down patient care. In this study, we measured the impact of the “intern learning curve” on patient length of stay (LOS).\n\n\nMethods: We retrospectively analyzed one year of patient care data, generated by a comprehensive EDIS in a single, urban, university-affiliated ED. Intern rotations began on the 23rd of each month and ended on the 22nd of the next month. Interns received a 1.5-hour orientation to the EDIS prior to starting their rotation; none had prior experience using the electronic system. Mean LOS (± standard error of the mean) for all patients treated by an intern were calculated for each day of the month. Values for similar numerical days from each month were combined and averaged over the year resulting in 31 discrete mean LOS values. The mean LOS on the first day of the intern rotation was compared with the mean LOS on the last day, using Student’s t-test.\n\n\nResults: During the study period 9,780 patients were cared for by interns; of these, 7,616 (78%) were discharged from the ED and 2,164 (22%) were admitted to the hospital. The mean LOS for all patients on all days was 267 ± 1.8 minutes. There was no difference between the LOS on the first day of the rotation (263±9 minutes) and the last day of the rotation (276 ± 11 minutes, p > 0.9). In a multiple linear regression model, the day of the intern rotation was not associated with patient LOS, even after adjusting for the number of patients treated by interns and total ED census (β = -0.34, p = 0.11).\n\n\nConclusion: In this academic ED, where there is complete intern “turnover” every month, there was no discernible impact of the EDIS “learning curve” on patient LOS. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):329-332.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Electronic medical record" }, { "word": "Length of Stay" }, { "word": "training" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ch9j4pg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Paula", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Mayer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Denver, Division of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yaron", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Denver, Division of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Lowenstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Denver, Division of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-02-27T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-02-27T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17625/galley/8992/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17673, "title": "Massive Empyema", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "empyema" }, { "word": "thoracentesis" }, { "word": "complications of thoracentesis" }, { "word": "Respiratory Tract Diseases" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bk9f8nf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Buyers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, ME", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Nelson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, ME", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Higgins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, ME", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17673/galley/9025/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17548, "title": "Masthead", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Masthead" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dw4d35j", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17548/galley/8949/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17588, "title": "Masthead", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6225d7n2", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2010-11-10T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-11-10T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17588/galley/8974/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17571, "title": "Nonreciprocal and Reciprocal Dating Violence and Injury Occurrence among Urban Youth", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Dating violence is a significant health problem among youth that leads to adverse health outcomes, including injuries. Reciprocal violence (perpetrated by both partners) is associated with increased injury in adults, but very little is known about the prevalence and context for reciprocal violence, as well as injury rates, among youth. We sought to determine the prevalence and scope of reciprocal dating violence and injury occurrence among urban youth in a high-risk community.\n\n\nMethods: Analyses were based on data from the Youth Violence Survey, conducted in 2004, and administered to over 80% of public school students in grades 7, 9, 11, and 12 (N=4,131) in a high-risk, urban school district. The current analyses were restricted to those who reported dating in the past year and who also reported any dating violence (n=1,158). Dating violence was categorized as reciprocal (the participant reported both violence perpetration and victimization) and non-reciprocal (the participant report either violence perpetration or victimization, but not both). \t\t\t\t\t Results: Dating violence reciprocity varied by sex. Girls who reported any dating violence were more likely to report reciprocal dating violence (50.4%) than were boys (38.9%). However, reciprocity did not vary by race/ethnicity or grade level. Reciprocal dating violence was more common among participants who reported more frequent violence experiences. Reciprocal violence was also associated with greater injury occurrences relative to non-reciprocal relationships (10.1% versus 1.2%).\n\n\nConclusion: Reciprocal dating violence is common among adolescents and leads more often to injury outcomes. In particular, relationships in which boys report reciprocal violence against their partner appear to lead to more frequent injury occurrences. These findings underscore the importance of addressing dating violence and factors that increase risk for reciprocal violence and therefore exacerbate injury occurrence. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 265-269.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "adolescents" }, { "word": "dating violence" }, { "word": "Victimization" }, { "word": "perpetration" }, { "word": "mutuality" }, { "word": "reciprocity" }, { "word": "injuries" }, { "word": "community health" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Epidemiology" }, { "word": "Maternal and Child Health" }, { "word": "Medicine" }, { "word": "Mental and Social Health Services and Allied Professions" }, { "word": "Public health" }, { "word": "Social Sciences" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s77g3gr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Swahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Meltem", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alemdar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Whitaker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17571/galley/8964/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17621, "title": "Occupancy Rates and Emergency Department Work Index Scores Correlate with Leaving Without Being Seen", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Two crowding metrics are often used to measure emergency department (ED) crowding: the occupancy rate and the emergency department work index (EDWIN) score. To evaluate these metrics for applicability in our community ED, we sought to measure their correlation with the number of patients who left without being seen (LWBS) and determine if either, or both, correlated with our daily LWBS rate. We hypothesized a statistically significant positive correlation between the number of patients who LWBS and both crowding metrics.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a retrospective observational study by reviewing data on all patients who LWBS from December 1, 2007, to February 29, 2008. Occupancy rates and EDWIN scores were obtained through our electronic patient tracking board. We identified LWBS status by searching the final disposition entered into our electronic medical record. We measured the correlation between each crowding metric averaged over each 24-hour day and the number of patients who LWBS per 24-hour day using Spearman's rank correlation, and created receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves to quantify the discriminatory power of occupancy rate and EDWIN score for predicting more than two patients per day who LWBS.\n\n\nResults: We identified 1,193 patients who LWBS during the study period, including patients who registered but then left the waiting room (733), as well as those who left before: registration (71), triage (75), seeing a physician (260), or final disposition (54). The number of patients who LWBS per day ranged from one to 30, with a mean of 13 and median of 11 (IQR 6 to 19). The daily number of patients who LWBS showed a positive correlation with the average daily occupancy rate (Spearman’s rho = 0.771, p = 0.01) and with average daily EDWIN score (Spearman's rho = 0.67, p< .001). Area under the ROC curve for occupancy rate was .97 (95% CI .93 to 1.0) and for EDWIN score was .94 (95% CI .89 to 1.0).\n\n\nConclusion: Average daily occupancy rates and EDWIN scores both correlate positively with, and have excellent discriminatory power for, the number of patients who LWBS in our ED; however, the scale of our EDWIN scores differs from that obtained at other institutions. For studies of crowding, occupancy rate may be the more useful metric due to its ease of calculation. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):324-328.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "overcrowding" }, { "word": "occupancy rate" }, { "word": "Left without being seen" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s221057", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Kulstad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "K. Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois, William Beaumont Hospital, Peoria, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Waghchoure", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx, NY", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-05-11T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-05-11T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17621/galley/8990/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17681, "title": "Orbital Cellulitis and Abscess", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "orbital cellulitis" }, { "word": "orbital abscess" }, { "word": "Subperiosteal abscess" }, { "word": "Preseptal cellulitis" }, { "word": "Periorbital cellulitis" }, { "word": "proptosis" }, { "word": "sinusitis" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nq995vw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jack", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-04-04T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-04-04T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17681/galley/9028/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17648, "title": "Paget-Schroetter Syndrome: Review of Pathogenesis and Treatment of Effort Thrombosis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Effort thrombosis, or Paget-Schroetter Syndrome, refers to axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis associated with strenuous and repetitive activity of the upper extremities. Anatomical abnormalities at the thoracic outlet and repetitive trauma to the endothelium of the subclavian vein are key factors in its initiation and progression. The role of hereditary and acquired thrombophilias is unclear. The pathogenesis of effort thrombosis is thus distinct from other venous thromboembolic disorders. Doppler ultrasonography is the preferred initial test, while contrast venography remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Computed tomographic venography and magnetic resonance venography are comparable to conventional venography and are being increasingly used. Conservative management with anticoagulation alone is inadequate and leads to significant residual disability. An aggressive multimodal treatment strategy consisting of catheter-directed thrombolysis, with or without early thoracic outlet decompression, is essential for optimizing outcomes. Despite excellent insights into its pathogenesis and advances in treatment, a significant number of patients with effort thrombosis continue to be treated suboptimally. Hence, there is an urgent need for increasing physician awareness about risk factors, etiology and the management of this unique and relatively infrequent disorder. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):358-362.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Paget-Schroetter syndrome" }, { "word": "effort thrombosis" }, { "word": "upper extremity deep venous thrombosis" }, { "word": "thoracic outlet syndrome." }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5290903w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Venkata", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Alla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University, Division of Cardiology, Omaha, NE", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nagendra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Natarajan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisville, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Louisville, KY", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Manu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaushik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Omaha, NE", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rugmini", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Warrier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Omaha, NE", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Chandra", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Nair", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University, Division of Cardiology, Omaha, NE", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-08-04T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-08-04T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17648/galley/9008/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17561, "title": "Predictors of Engagement in a Parenting Intervention Designed to Prevent Child Maltreatment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: The objectives of this analysis were to: 1) assess the impact of sociodemographic factors, and perceived costs and benefits on engagement in a parenting program designed to prevent child maltreatment, 2) determine if perceived costs and benefits mediated the association between sociodemographic factors and engagement, and 3) assess whether or not race/ethnicity moderated the relationship between sociodemographic factors, perceived costs and benefits, and engagement.\n\n\nMethods: Perceived costs and benefits of the intervention were assessed from parents providing self-reports, including satisfaction/ usefulness of the program (benefits), and time/difficulty associated with the program (costs). Engagement was defined as attendance at both the mid-point and then the number of visits attended throughout the remainder of the intervention. To investigate the direct and indirect effects (through perceived costs and benefits) of parental sociodemographic factors (education, age, gender, number of children, household income) on program engagement, data were analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM). To assess the potential moderating effect of race/ethnicity, separate models were tested for White and African-American parents.\n\n\nResults: Perceived benefits positively impacted attendance for both White (n=227) and African-American (n=141) parents, whereas perceived costs negatively influenced attendance only for White parents. Parent education and age directly impacted attendance for White parents, but no sociodemographic factor directly impacted attendance for African-American parents. The indirect impact of sociodemographic characteristics on attendance through perceived costs and perceived benefits differed by race/ethnicity.\n\n\nConclusions: Results suggest that White parents participate in a parenting program designed to prevent child maltreatment differently based upon their perceived benefits and costs of the program, and based on benefits only for African-American parents. Parental perception of costs and/or benefits of a program may threaten the effectiveness of interventions to prevent child maltreatment for certain racial/ethnic groups, as it keeps them from fully engaging in empirically validated programs. Different methods may be required to retain participation in violence prevention programs depending upon race/ethnicity.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "costs" }, { "word": "benefits" }, { "word": "race/ethnicity" }, { "word": "Child maltreatment" }, { "word": "Engagement" }, { "word": "Applied Economics" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Maternal and Child Health" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3q8749kb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Phaedra", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Corso", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Xiangming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Begle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dumas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-15T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-15T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17561/galley/8956/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17689, "title": "President's Message September 2010", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18p1872b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Potts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CAL/AAEM", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-12-07T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-12-07T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17689/galley/9032/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17597, "title": "Prospective Durability Testing of a Vascular Access Phantom", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: We assessed the acoustic transmission, image quality, and vessel integrity of the Blue PhantomTM 2 Vessel Original Ultrasound Training Model with repeated use.\n\n\nMethods: The study consisted of two phases. During the first phase, a portion of the Blue PhantomTM rubber matrix (without a simulated vessel) was placed over a two-tiered echogenic structure and was repeatedly punctured with a hollow bore 18-gauge needle in a 1 cm2 area. During the second phase, a portion of the matrix with a simulated vessel was repeatedly punctured with another hollow bore 18-gauge needle. During both phases we obtained an ultrasound image using a high-frequency linear probe after every 100 needle punctures to assess the effect of repeated needle punctures on image quality, acoustic transmission, and simulated vessel integrity.\n\n\nResults: Testing on the rubber matrix alone (first phase) without a vessel demonstrated a gradual decrease in image quality and visualization of the proximal and distal portions of the target structure, but they remained visible after 1,000 needle punctures. The second phase demonstrated excellent acoustic transmission and image quality on both transverse and longitudinal images of the rubber matrix and simulated vessel after 1,000 needle punctures. The anterior and posterior vessel walls and needle tip were well visualized without any signs of vessel leakage on still images or with compression and power Doppler.\n\n\nConclusion: The Blue PhantomTM 2 Vessel Original Ultrasound Training Model demonstrated excellent durability after 1,000 needle punctures in a 1- cm2 area. Based on the length of simulated vessel in each model, it should support over 25,000 simulated attempts at vascular access. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):302-305.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "Medical Education" }, { "word": "Medical Simulation" }, { "word": "vascular access" }, { "word": "Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g0665g0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joel", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Schofer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, VA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Nomura", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, DE", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Bauman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, DE", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Sierzenski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Christiana Care Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, DE", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-26T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-26T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17597/galley/8979/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17563, "title": "Reporting of Intimate Partner Violence among Men Who Have Sex with Men in an On-line Survey", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: A growing body of literature suggests that IPV occurs within same-sex relationships and that members of the LGBT community face a number of unique challenges in accessing IPV related services. This paper examines the use of an on-line survey, marketed through a popular social networking site, to collect data on the experience and perpetration of IPV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the US.\n\n\nMethods: Internet-using MSM were recruited through selective placement of banner advertisements on MySpace.com. Participants were eligible for the baseline survey if they were males ≥ 18 years of age, and reported at least one male sex partner in the last 12 months. In total 16, 597 men responded to the ad, of which 11, 681 were eligible for the study, and 5602 completed the questionnaire: in total 543 men completed the follow-up survey which included questions on the experience and perpetration of IPV. The final analysis sample was 402 MSM.\n\n\nResults: The prevalence of violence among the sample was relatively high: 11.8% of men reported physical violence from a current male partner, and about 4% reported experiencing coerced sex. Reporting of perpetration of violence against a partner was generally lower, with approximately 7% reporting perpetrating physical violence and less than 1% reporting perpetration of sexual violence.\n\n\nConclusion: The results presented here find lower levels of experiencing both physical and sexual IPV than have been shown in previous studies, yet show relatively high levels of reporting of perpetration of IPV. Collecting IPV data through surveys administered through social networking sites is feasible and provides a new opportunity to reach currently over-looked populations in IPV research.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "msm" }, { "word": "IPV" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Social Sciences" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gb740tj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stephenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Khosropour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sullivan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-22T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-22T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17563/galley/8958/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17565, "title": "Review of Multi-Person Exposure Calls to a Regional Poison Control Center", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Poisoning events, including exposures to hazardous materials, can involve multiple victims. Regional poison centers often are contacted in such events involving multiple victims.\n\n\nMethods: We searched our poison center database over a nine-year time period for all calls involving a poisoning event in which more than two people were exposed to the same substance. We then matched each product to the generic category used by the National Poison Data System. We analyzed this data to find the most frequent substances reported as primary substances in the multiple exposures.\n\n\nResults: We identified 6,695 calls between 2000 and 2008 that had more than two people exposed to the same substance. In these calls, 25,926 people were exposed (3.6% of the 715,701 human exposure calls for this period). These calls involved 64 of the 67 NPDS substance group codes. Some substances were much more commonly involved than others. The top three categories causing the most exposures were Fumes/Gases/Vapors, Food Products/Food Poisoning and Pesticides. Of the patients exposed, 69.4 % were not followed due to minimal effects possible or judged as nontoxic, 0.3% had major effects, 8.6% had no effects, and 9.3% had minimal to moderate effects. Eight people expired.\n\n\nConclusion: Fumes, gases, and vapors make up the majority of multi-exposure calls. The overall mortality from multi-exposures, based on our data, is low. Analysis of these calls can help poison centers better understand these events and direct training. [West J Emerg Med 2010; 11(3): 292-294.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Multiple exposure" }, { "word": "Poison Control Center" }, { "word": "Clinical Epidemiology" }, { "word": "Preventative Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7h56w0js", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brent", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine and the Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Carl", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Skinner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tacoma WA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Kleiman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine and the Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Geller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Pediatrics and the Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Arthur", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Department of Emergency Medicine and the Georgia Poison Center, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-25T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-25T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17565/galley/8959/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17642, "title": "Sgarbossa Criteria are Highly Specific for Acute Myocardial Infarction with Pacemakers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: In 1996 Sgarbossa reviewed 17 ventricular-paced electrocardiograms (ECGs) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for signs of ischemia. Several characteristics of the paced ECG were predictive of AMI. We sought to evaluate the criteria in ventricular-paced ECGs in an emergency department (ED) cohort.\n\n\nMethods: Ventricular-paced ECGs in patients with elevated cardiac markers within 12 hours of the ED ECG and a diagnosis of AMI were identified retrospectively (n=57) and compared with a control group of patients with ventricular-paced ECGs and negative cardiac markers (n=99). A blinded board certified cardiologist reviewed all ECGs for Sgarbossa criteria. This study was approved by the institutional review board.\n\n\nResults: Application of Sgarbossa’s criteria to the paced ECGs revealed the following: 1) The sensitivity of “ST-segment elevation of 1 mm concordant with the QRS complex” was unable to be calculated as no ECG fit this criterion; 2) For “ST-segment depression of 1 mm in lead V1, V2, or V3,” the sensitivity was 19% (95% CI 11-31%), specificity 81% (95% CI 72-87%), with a likelihood ratio of 1.06 (0.63-1.64); 3) For “ST-segment elevation >5mm discordant with the QRS complex,” the sensitivity was 10% (95% CI 5-21%), specificity 99% (95% CI 93-99%), with a likelihood ratio of 5.2 (1.3 - 21).\n\n\nConclusion: In our review of ventricular-paced ECGs, the most clinically useful Sgarbossa criterion in identifying AMI was ST-segment elevation >5mm discordant with the QRS complex. This characteristic may prove helpful in identifying patients who may ultimately benefit from early aggressive AMI treatment strategies. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):354-357.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "acute myocardial infarction" }, { "word": "Ventricular Pacemaker" }, { "word": "electrocardiogram" }, { "word": "cardiology" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36q1s5tr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Maloy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rahul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bhat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morrissey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reed", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-02-20T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-02-20T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17642/galley/9005/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17656, "title": "Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Predicts Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndrome without Congestive Heart Failure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: High levels of inflammatory biochemical markers are associated with an increased risk among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The objective of the current study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) among ACS patients with no clinical or radiological evidence of congestive heart failure (CHF).\n\n\nMethods: Consecutive patients with ACS and no clinical or radiological evidence of CHF in the emergency department (ED) were included in the study. The endpoint was hospital mortality. Categorical variables were compared by calculating proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and by using the Fisher Exact test. Continuous variables were compared by using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. The association of the variables with hospital mortality was assessed by using the logistic regression analysis.\n\n\nResults: The study included 196 patients (60 years; female 32.6 %). Six patients (3.1 %) died in hospital and 22 patients (11.2 %) had SIRS on admission to the ED. The following variables were predictors of hospital mortality: age with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.1 (95% CI, 1-1.2) for each one additional year (p <0.01), systolic arterial pressure with an OR 0.9 (95% CI, 0.9-1), diastolic arterial pressure with an OR 0.9 (95% CI, 0.8-1) for each one additional mmHg (p < 0.01), respiratory rate with an OR 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2-1.9) for each one additional breath per minute (p < 0.01), and SIRS with an OR 9 (95% CI, 1.7-47.8) (p 0.02). Because of the small number of events, it was not possible to assess the independence of these risk factors.\n\n\nConclusion: SIRS was a marker of increased risk of hospital mortality among patients with ACS and no clinical or radiological evidence of CHF. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):373-378.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "acute coronary syndrome" }, { "word": "Inflammation" }, { "word": "myocardial infarction" }, { "word": "Prognosis" }, { "word": "Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome" }, { "word": "unstable angina" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wv5d7g1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matías", "middle_name": "José", "last_name": "Fosco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zubizarreta Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Victoria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ceretti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zubizarreta Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Agranatti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zubizarreta Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-03-24T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-03-24T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17656/galley/9014/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17544, "title": "Table of Contents August 2010", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Table of Contents August 2010" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35v9w85x", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17544/galley/8946/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17587, "title": "Table of Contents September 2010", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mf326hq", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2010-11-10T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-11-10T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17587/galley/8973/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17555, "title": "The Base of the Pyramid", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Injury" }, { "word": "Public health" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ht3217h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arthur", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Kellermann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "RAND Corporation, Arlington, Virgina", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-06-06T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-06-06T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17555/galley/8952/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17558, "title": "The Emory Center for Injury Control: Vision and Priorities for Reducing Violence and Injuries through Interdisciplinary Collaborations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "injury prevention" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Public health" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5q84g4s8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Debra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Abigail", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hankin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Swahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-05-13T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-05-13T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17558/galley/8954/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17582, "title": "The Impact of Built Environment on Pedestrian Crashes and the Identification of Crash Clusters on an Urban University Campus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Motor vehicle-pedestrian crash is a significant public health concern. The urban campus of Georgia State University poses unique challenges due to a large number of students and university employees. The objectives of this study are twofold: (1) to examine the correlation between specific features of the built environment on and around the University campus and pedestrian crashes; and (2) to identify crash clusters in the study area using network-based geospatial techniques.\n\n\nMethods: We obtained pedestrian crash data (n=119) from 2003 to 2007 from Georgia Department of Transportation and evaluated environmental features pertaining to the road infrastructure, pedestrian infrastructure and streetscape for each road segment and intersection. Prevalence rate of each feature with pedestrian crashes present was calculated. We used network-based Kernel Density Estimation to identify the high density road segments and intersections, then used network-based K-function to examine the clustering of pedestrian crashes.\n\n\nResults: Over 50% of the crosswalk signs, pedestrian signals, public transit, and location branding signs (more than three) at intersections involved pedestrian crashes. More than half of wider streets (greater than 29 feet), two-way streets, and streets in good condition had pedestrian crashes present. Crashes occurred more frequently in road segments with strong street compactness and mixed land use present and were significantly (p<0.05) clustered in these high-density zones.\n\n\nConclusions: Findings can be used to understand the correlation between built environment and pedestrian safety, to prioritize the high-density zones for intervention efforts, and to formulate research hypotheses for investigating pedestrian crashes. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(3): 295-302.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "pedestrian crash built environment Geographic Information Systems (GIS) kernel density estimation K-function clustering" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Environmental Public Health" }, { "word": "Epidemiology" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6x02775b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dajun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Department of Geosciences, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Taquechel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Steward", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sheryl", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strasser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University, Institute of Public Health, Atlanta, GA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-01T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17582/galley/8969/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17655, "title": "Therapeutic Hypothermia Protocol in a Community Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has been shown to improve survival and neurological outcome in patients resuscitated after out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) from ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia (VF/VT). We evaluated the effects of using a TH protocol in a large community hospital emergency department (ED) for all patients with neurological impairment after resuscitated OHCA regardless of presenting rhythm. We hypothesized improved mortality and neurological outcomes without increased complication rates.\n\n\nMethods: Our TH protocol entails cooling to 33 C for 24 hours with an endovascular catheter. We studied patients treated with this protocol from November 2006 to November 2008. All non-pregnant, unresponsive adult patients resuscitated from any initial rhythm were included. Exclusion criteria were initial hypotension or temperature less than 30 C, trauma, primary intracranial event, and coagulopathy. Control patients treated during the 12 months before the institution of our TH protocol met the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. We recorded survival to hospital discharge, neurological status at discharge, and rates of bleeding, sepsis, pneumonia, renal failure, and dysrhythmias in the first 72 hours of treatment.\n\n\nResults: Mortality rates were 71.1% (95% CI, 56-86%) for 38 patients treated with TH and 72.3% (95% CI 59-86%) for 47 controls. In the TH group, 8% of patients (95% CI, 0-17%) had a good neurological outcome on discharge, compared to 0 (95% CI 0-8%) in the control group. In 17 patients with VF/VT treated with TH, mortality was 47% (95% CI 21-74%) and 18% (95% CI 0-38%) had good neurological outcome; in 9 control patients with VF/VT, mortality was 67% (95% CI 28-100%), and 0% (95% CI 0-30%) had good neurological outcome. The groups were well-matched with respect to sex and age. Complication rates were similar or favored the TH group.\n\n\nConclusions: Instituting a TH protocol for OHCA patients with any presenting rhythm appears safe in a community hospital ED. A trend towards improved neurological outcome in TH patients was seen, but did not reach significance. Patients with VF appeared to derive more benefit from TH than patients with other rhythms. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):367-372.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "resuscitation" }, { "word": "Hypothermia" }, { "word": "cardiac arrest" }, { "word": "Mortality" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xk0b2hk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Kulstad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Shannon", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Holt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Aaron", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Abrahamsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Elise", "middle_name": "O", "last_name": "Lovell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, Illinois", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-04T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-09-04T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17655/galley/9013/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17550, "title": "The Role of the Injury Prevention Research Centers in Promoting the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Research Agenda", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "injury control research centers" }, { "word": "centers for disease control and prevention" }, { "word": "Public health" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5x26j998", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adele", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Childress", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-06-14T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-06-14T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17550/galley/8950/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17698, "title": "UCI EMIG Students Stress the Deadly Consequences of Drinking to Santa Ana Seniors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rt042g1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Sawyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marcus", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Williams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine CA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-12-07T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-12-07T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17698/galley/9035/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17617, "title": "Ultrasound Detection of Lung Hepatization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Bedside ultrasound interrogation of the thorax can aide the clinician in determining the cause of the respiratory dysfunction. Often plain radiographs are not sufficient to differentiate pathology. We present a case in which bedside ultrasound defined the pathology without the need for further imaging. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):322-323.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "pneumonia" }, { "word": "effusion" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "radiology" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wv4v792", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Durant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Arun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nagdev", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alameda County Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-03-10T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-03-10T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17617/galley/8988/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17601, "title": "Ultrasound Diagnosis of Bilateral Quadriceps Tendon Rupture After Statin Use", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Simultaneous bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture is a rare injury. We report the case of bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture sustained with minimal force while refereeing a football game. The injury was suspected to be associated with statin use as the patient had no other identifiable risk factors.The diagnosis was confirmed using bedside ultrasound. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):306-309.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture" }, { "word": "statins" }, { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Pharmaceutical Preparations" }, { "word": "Sports Medicine Residency Program" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25m2h67m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Nesselroade", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, FL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leslie", "middle_name": "Connor", "last_name": "Nickels", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Gainesville, FL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-02-05T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-02-05T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17601/galley/8981/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17607, "title": "Ultrasound-Guided Three-In-One Nerve Block for Femur Fractures", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Femur fractures typically affect elderly patients with multiple co-morbidities. Pain control can be difficult, requiring intensive nursing and physician care as elderly patients may manifest cardiovascular and respiratory complications from opiate administration. Ultrasound (US) guided three-in-one (3-in-1) femoral nerve block (FNB) is an option for pain management in patients with femur fractures, as it provides regional anesthesia to the femoral, obturator and lateral cutaneous nerves. Our goal is to provide medical education regarding the use of US guided 3-in-1FNB as a rapid and easy procedure that may provide optimal patient care in patients with femur fractures. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):310-313.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound-guided three-in-one femoral nerve block" }, { "word": "femoral nerve block" }, { "word": "regional anesthesia" }, { "word": "Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zj517t0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steve", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Christos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Resurrection Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiampas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Resurrection Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Offman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Resurrection Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rifenburg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Resurrection Medical Center, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-10-28T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-10-28T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17607/galley/8984/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17613, "title": "Ultrasound Use and “Overuse”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General has issued a report concerning “high use” and “questionable use” ultrasound. Findings include those geographic areas where occurrences are most frequent, as well as the most common elements that characterize questionable use. While not its primary focus, emergency physician performed bedside ultrasound is within the scope of the report. Implications for emergency ultrasound are discussed and practice recommendations made for minimizing regulatory exposure for emergency physicians and departments. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(4):319-321.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "health care regulation" }, { "word": "practice management" }, { "word": "reimbusement" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g60p7bm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Mariani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "SUNY Upstate Medical University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-08-04T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-08-04T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17613/galley/8987/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17639, "title": "Use of Health Information Technology to Manage Frequently Presenting Emergency Department Patients", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: To determine if the effective use of Health Information Technologies (HIT) and the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) affects emergency department (ED) usage in a complicated frequently presenting patient population.\n\n\nMethods: A retrospective, observational study of 45 patients enrolled in our Frequent User Program called Community Resources for Emergency Department Overuse (CREDO) between June 2005 and July 2007. The study was conducted at an urban hospital with greater than 95,000 annual visits. Patients served as their own historical controls. In this pre-post study, the pre-intervention control period was determined by the number of months the patient had been enrolled in the program. The pre- and post-intervention time periods were the same for each patient but varied between patients. The intervention included using HIT to identify the most frequently presenting patients and creating individualized care plans for those patients. The care plans were made available through the EMR to all healthcare providers. Study variables in this study intervention included ED charges, lab studies ordered, number of ED visits, length of stay (LOS), and Total Emergency Department Contact Time (TEDCT), which is the product of the number of visits and the LOS. We analyzed these variables using paired T-tests. This study was approved by the institutional review board.\n\n\nResults: Forty-five patients were enrolled, but nine were excluded for no post enrollment visits; thus, statistical analysis was conducted with n=36. The ED charges decreased by 24% from $64,721 to $49,208 (p=0.049). The number of lab studies ordered decreased by 28% from 1847 to 1328 (p=0.04). The average number of ED visits/patient decreased by 25% from 67.4 to 50.5 (p=0.046). The TEDCT decreased by 39% from 443.7 hours to 270.6 hours (p=0.003).\n\n\nConclusion: In this pre-post analysis of an intervention targeting ED frequent users, the use of HIT and the EMR to identify patients and store easily accessible care plans significantly reduced ED charges, labs ordered, number of ED visits, and the TEDCT. [West J Emerg Med 2010; 11(4):348-353.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Frequent" }, { "word": "Utilization" }, { "word": "Use" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gw5t63j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stokes-Buzzelli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Peltzer-jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gerard", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Martin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Maureen", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Ford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weise", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-27T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-27T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17639/galley/9002/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17609, "title": "Variability in Ultrasound Education among Emergency Medicine Residencies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: Education in emergency ultrasound (EUS) has become an essential part of emergency medicine (EM) resident training. In 2009, comprehensive residency training guidelines were published to ensure proficiency in ultrasound education. The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) recommends that 150 ultrasound exams be performed for physician competency. Our goal is to evaluate the current ultrasound practices among EM residency programs and assess the need for further formalization of EUS training.\n\n\nMethods: We generated a survey using an online survey tool and administered via the internet. The survey consisted of 25 questions that included multiple choice and free text answers. These online survey links were sent via email to EM ultrasound directors at all 149 American College of Graduate Medical Education EM residency programs in April 2008. We surveyed programs regarding EUS curriculum and residency proficiency requirements and descriptive statistics were used to report the survey findings.\n\n\nResults: Sixty-five residency programs responded to the survey. The average number of ultrasound exams required by programs for EUS competency was 137 scans. However, the majority of programs 42/65 (64%) require their residents to obtain 150 scans or greater for competency. Fifty-one out of 64 (79%) programs reported having a structured ultrasound curriculum while 14/64 (21%) of programs reported that EUS training is primarily resident self-directed. In terms of faculty credentialing, 29/62 (47%) of residency programs have greater than 50% of faculty credentialed. Forty-four out of 61 (72%) programs make EUS a required rotation. Thirty-four out of 63 (54%) programs felt that they were meeting all their goals for resident EUS education.\n\n\nConclusion: Currently discrepancies exist between EM residency programs in ultrasound curriculum and perceived needs for achieving proficiency in EUS. Although a majority of residency programs require 150 ultrasound exams or more to achieve resident competency, overall the average number of scans required by all programs is 137 exams. This number is less than that recommended by ACEP for physician competency. These data suggest that guidelines are needed to help standardize ultrasound training for all EM residency programs. [West J Emerg Med 2010; 11(4):314-318.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "education" }, { "word": "Standards" }, { "word": "Residency" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rr4m8cv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ahern", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah, Division of Emergency Department, Salt Lake City, UT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Mallin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah, Division of Emergency Department, Salt Lake City, UT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weitzel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah, Division of Emergency Department, Salt Lake City, UT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Troy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Madsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah, Division of Emergency Department, Salt Lake City, UT", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Pat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hunt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah, Division of Emergency Department, Salt Lake City, UT", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-06-15T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-06-15T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17609/galley/8986/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17592, "title": "WestJEM Top Section Editors and Reviewers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fg915kb", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2010-11-10T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-11-10T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-24T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17592/galley/8977/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3985, "title": "Demons (benevolent and malevolent)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "According to ancient Egyptian belief, the created world was populated by humans, spirits of deceased humans, deities, and a host of supernatural beings whose identities were never precisely defined. The Egyptian language refers to the first three categories as, respectively, rmT, Ax or mwt, and nTr, but lacks a proper term for the fourth class. Egyptians nonetheless recognized the existence of these beings, and we are therefore justified in studying them as an ontological category. Instead of defining “demons” as a uniform group, the Egyptians gave specific names and occasionally physical attributes to its individual classes and members. These names and associated iconography do not so much characterize what these demons are as identify what they do. From the perspective of humans, their behavior can be benevolent and malevolent. Two main classes of demons can be recognized: wanderers and guardians. Wandering demons travel between this world and the beyond acting as emissaries for deities or on their own accord. They can bring diseases, nightly terrors, and misfortune and are therefore basically malevolent. Guardian demons are tied to a specific locality, either in the beyond or on earth, and protect their locality from intrusion and pollution; as such, their function is rather benevolent. In the Late and Ptolemaic and Roman Periods, they came to be regarded as deities in their own right and received cult.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "magic" }, { "word": "misfortune" }, { "word": "evil" }, { "word": "protection" }, { "word": "apotropaeic" }, { "word": "spirit" }, { "word": "ghost" }, { "word": "genie" }, { "word": "History" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" }, { "word": "Religion/Religious Studies" } ], "section": "Religion", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r72q9vv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lucarelli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bonn", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-12-09T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-12-09T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3985/galley/2561/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3984, "title": "Mummification", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The ancient Egyptians carried out mummification, the artificial preservation of the body, to ensure the survival of the body after death. They believed that the dead body could be reanimated by the ka (spiritual essence) and that the destruction of the body threatened the survival of the soul and the individual’s identity for eternity. Mummification was used primarily by elites from the early Old Kingdom on, with variations becoming available for those of lesser social and economic standing over time. The word “mummy” is derived from the Persian and Arabic word “mum”, meaning liquid pitch, asphalt, or bitumen, a substance that the Arabs mistakenly thought was used to make mummies and responsible for their dark coloring.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "mummy" }, { "word": "mummies" }, { "word": "embalmment" }, { "word": "embalming" }, { "word": "burial" }, { "word": "funerary" }, { "word": "mortuary" }, { "word": "History" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" }, { "word": "Religion/Religious Studies" } ], "section": "Religion", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0gn7x3ff", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Salima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ikram", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Cairo", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2007-09-04T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2007-09-04T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-09-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3984/galley/2560/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62459, "title": "Levee Decisions and Sustainability for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "California’s Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta has fragile levees subject to several trends that make them increasingly prone to failure. To assess the likely extent of Delta island flooding, this study presents an economic decision analysis approach for evaluating Delta levee upgrade and repair decisions for 34 major subsided agricultural islands that make up most of the Delta’s Primary Zone and include all subsided, non-urban islands. The decision analysis provides a quantitative framework to address several relevant questions about reasonable levee upgrade and repair investments. This initial analysis indicates that it is economically optimal not to upgrade levees on any of the 34 subsided Delta islands examined, mostly because levee upgrades are expensive and do not improve reliability much. If upgrades can improve reliability more, it becomes optimal to upgrade some levees. Our analysis also suggests that, accounting for land and asset values, it is not cost effective to repair between 18 and 23 of these islands when they fail. When property values for all islands were doubled, only four islands originally not repaired become cost effective to repair. The decision analysis provides a quantitative framework for addressing several relevant questions regarding reasonable levee upgrade and repair investments. These initial results may act as a springboard for discussion, and the decision analysis model as a working framework for islands of high priority. An inescapable conclusion of this analysis is that maintaining the current Delta landscape is unlikely to be economical from business and land use perspectives.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "levee" }, { "word": "decision analysis" }, { "word": "reliability" }, { "word": "policy" }, { "word": "Delta" }, { "word": "Biogeochemistry" }, { "word": "Econometrics and Quantitative Economics" }, { "word": "Environmental Policy" }, { "word": "Geophysics and Seismology" } ], "section": "Policy and Program Analysis", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wr5j84g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robyn", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Suddeth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeff", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mount", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Lund", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California - Davis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-23T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-23T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-08-19T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62459/galley/48287/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62458, "title": "Salinity Inhabited by Age-0 Splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus) as Determined by Direct Field Observation and Retrospective Analyses with Otolith Chemistry", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus) is a fish species of special concern that is endemic to the San Francisco Estuary. It has been generally accepted that spawning and juvenile rearing occurs during spring in freshwater habitats upstream of the estuary. However, the recent discovery of a genetically distinct population of splittail in the relatively brackish Petaluma and Napa rivers has challenged this assumption. We used a combination of field observations and high resolution sampling of otolith 87Sr:86Sr ratios to identify the salinity inhabited by young age-0 splittail in the Sacramento, San Joaquin, Napa, and Petaluma rivers. Individual age-0 splittail, two to three months old, were observed in the Napa and Petaluma rivers in salinity as high as 8.5 ppt and 14.1 ppt, respectively, whereas salinity in the San Joaquin and Sacramento rivers was always <1.0 ppt. Otolith 87Sr:86Sr ratios corresponding to the first month of life suggested that individual splittail in all regions mostly inhabited freshwater, although several individuals from the Napa and Petaluma rivers inhabited brackish water up to about 10 ppt. In most instances, there was little intra-individual variability in 87Sr:86Sr signals, suggesting individuals remained within the natal salinity zone during the first month of life. The exceptions were two fish, one each from the Napa and Petaluma rivers, that appeared to move from freshwater natal to brackish rearing habitats. The apparent ability of age-0 splittail to rear in brackish water almost immediately after being born is one of the fundamental mechanisms supporting splittail production in the Napa and Petaluma rivers.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Splittail" }, { "word": "Pogonichthys macrolepidotus" }, { "word": "Cyprinidae" }, { "word": "Minnow" }, { "word": "Native Fish" }, { "word": "San Francisco Estuary" }, { "word": "Sr isotope ratios" }, { "word": "ICP-MS" }, { "word": "Aquaculture and Fisheries" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14j5160h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frederick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feyrer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "U.S. Bureau of Reclamation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hobbs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ted", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sommer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California Department of Water Resources", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-04-23T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-04-23T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-08-19T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62458/galley/48286/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 62457, "title": "Historic, Recent, and Future Subsidence, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "To estimate and understand recent subsidence, we collected elevation and soils data on Bacon and Sherman islands in 2006 at locations of previous elevation measurements. Measured subsidence rates on Sherman Island from 1988 to 2006 averaged 1.23 cm/year (0.5 in/yr) and ranged from 0.7 to 1.7 cm/year (0.3 to 0.7 in/year). Subsidence rates on Bacon Island from 1978 to 2006 averaged 2.2 cm/year (0.9 in/yr) and ranged from 1.5 to 3.7 cm/year (0.6 to 1.5 in/yr). Changing land-management practices and decreasing soil organic matter content have resulted in decreasing subsidence rates. On Sherman Island, rates from 1988 to 2006 were about 35% of 1910 to 1988 rates. For Bacon Island, rates from 1978 to 2006 were about 40% less than the 1926-1958 rates. To help understand causes and estimate future subsidence, we developed a subsidence model, SUBCALC, that simulates oxidation and carbon losses, consolidation, wind erosion, and burning and changing soil organic matter content. SUBCALC results agreed well with measured land-surface elevation changes. We predicted elevation decreases from 2007 to 2050 will range from a few centimeters to over 1.3 m (4.3 ft). The largest elevation declines will occur in the central Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. From 2007 to 2050, the most probable estimated increase in volume below sea level is 349,956,000 million cubic meters (281,300 acre-feet). Consequences of this continuing subsidence include increased drainage loads of water quality constituents of concern, seepage onto islands, and decreased arability.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Subsidence" }, { "word": "organic soils" }, { "word": "soil organic matter" }, { "word": "Biogeochemistry" }, { "word": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "word": "Soil Science" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xd4x0xw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Deverel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HydroFocus, Inc.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Leighton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HydroFocus, Inc.", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-02-12T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-02-12T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-08-13T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jmie_sfews/article/62457/galley/48285/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3986, "title": "Myth of the Heavenly Cow", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The “Myth of the Heavenly Cow” is the conventional title of an Egyptian mythological narrative that relates how humanity once rebelled against the sun god and how thereupon the sun god reorganized the cosmos. The narrative is embedded in the so-called Book of the Heavenly Cow, which is preserved in several versions dating to the New Kingdom. It is an etiological myth explaining the origins of certain natural phenomena and religious festivals as well as legitimizing the institution of Egyptian kingship.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "goddess" }, { "word": "sky" }, { "word": "mythology" }, { "word": "Hathor" }, { "word": "Sakhmet" }, { "word": "Mehet-weret" }, { "word": "Re" }, { "word": "New Kingdom" }, { "word": "cosmography" }, { "word": "kingship" }, { "word": "Religion/Religious Studies" }, { "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies" }, { "word": "Other History" }, { "word": "Other Religion" } ], "section": "Religion", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vh551hn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nadine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guilhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Université de Montpellier III", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2007-05-07T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2007-05-07T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-08-12T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3986/galley/2562/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5236, "title": "Bottlenose Dolphins' (\nTursiops truncatus\n) Theory of Mind as Demonstrated by Responses to their Trainers’ Attentional States", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The present study examined the ability of dolphins to follow the gestural signs presented by humantrainers in various attentional states in order to understand the social cognition of dolphins. Thehuman trainers enacted the gestural signs by orienting their bodies and heads in different directions.If the dolphins were attending to the attentional state of the human trainers, their performances wouldbe affected by the orientation of the head only. Results showed, however, that the dolphins’ behaviorswere controlled by the orientation of the trainers’ bodies rather than that of their heads. Twoadditional tests further supported the minimal impact of head orientation on responses to humangestural signs. The present results might be influenced by the current experimental setting, thus weneed further efforts to accumulate empirical evidence on social cognition in dolphins.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "marine mammal" }, { "word": "Theory of mind" }, { "word": "Dolphin" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dd258ps", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Masaki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tomonaga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Yuka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uwano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:27:03Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:27:03Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5236/galley/3115/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5233, "title": "Cognitive Research with Dolphins (\nTursiops truncatus\n) at Disney’s The Seas: A Program for Enrichment, Science, Education, and Conservation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The dolphins at Disney contribute to a cognitive research program. This program has been very successful in four main areas: enrichment, science, education, and conservation. Dolphins are large brained,long-lived mammals with extended developmental periods, complex social lives, a large variety of foraging techniques, and intricate vocal emissions; consequently, they need to engage incognitive tasks, and they respond well to them. Our tasks have been designed for scientifically valid data collection focused mostly on questions relating to echoic object recognition, communication, and imitation/synchrony. The results have been published in peer-reviewed research journals and are summarized here. Data collection occurs in front of the public and appears to create a connection between the visitors and the dolphins. Through this program the dolphins under Disney’s care have been able to promote conservation via our publications, public education, the testing of new technologies, staff (veterinary, research, husbandry) support at in situ research sites, and direct financial contributions. The program may be a useful example for other public facilities housing dolphins.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "primates" }, { "word": "Rat" }, { "word": "Chimpanzee" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92z8z9wq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Heidi", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Harley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Seas, Epcot®, Walt Disney World® Resort, New College of Florida,", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Wendi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fellner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Seas, Epcot®, Walt Disney World® Resort", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "M. Andy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stamper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Seas, Epcot®, Walt Disney World® Resort", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:13:13Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:13:13Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5233/galley/3112/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5234, "title": "Dolphin Cognition: Representations and Processes in Memory and Perception", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Many people agree that dolphins are sentient beings, but few would claim to know what being a dolphin is like. From a psychological perspective, a dolphin’s experiences are a function of its mental capacities, especially those processes that relate to memories, percepts, thoughts, and emotions. This paper reviews what is currently known about dolphins’ cognitive abilities, focusing on how they perceive and remember events. Experiments with captive dolphins show that they can flexibly access memories of past events and construct sophisticated representations of the world and themselves.How dolphins act and what they remember about their actions impacts what they perceive, which in turn guides their thoughts and decisions. Many of the actions and events that shape a dolphin’s experience are internally generated and monitored. Knowing how dolphins perceive temporal patterns, objects, emotions, actions, agents, scenes, messages, and motivations can help clarify what dolphins’ thoughts, memories, and experiences are like. Only by giving dolphins a way to show what they know, or can learn, can we hope to understand what goes on inside their heads.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "marine mammal" }, { "word": "Dolphin" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5633c3pj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eduardo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mercado III", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University at Buffalo, The State University of New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Caroline", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "DeLong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rochester Institute of Technology", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:17:30Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:17:30Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5234/galley/3113/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5230, "title": "How Studies of Wild and Captive Dolphins Contribute to our Understanding of Individual Differences and Personality", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The study of individual differences in animals and humans has flourished in recent years. This work has revealed personality traits in a wide range of species, including dolphins. However, there are few systematic studies of dolphin personality despite many reasons to assume that personality plays an important role in dolphin behavior. Dolphins live in complex societies and demonstrate a broad and diverse behavioral repertoire, which allows for the possibility of consistent individual differences. In this paper, we discuss the available evidence for individual differences and personality in dolphins from a variety of behavioral contexts from both captive and wild populations, as well as the significance of such differences for theories of dolphin behavior, dolphin welfare, and conservation.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "individual difference" }, { "word": "Dolphin" }, { "word": "marine mammal" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xb2s7g3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Highfill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Eckerd College", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stan", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Kuczaj II", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Mississippi", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-17T23:54:47Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-17T23:54:47Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5230/galley/3109/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5237, "title": "Inaugurating the Study of Animal Metacognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Metacognition—the ability to monitor and control one’s own cognition—is a sophisticated ability that reveals humans’ reflective mind and consciousness. Researchers have begun to explore whether animals share humans’ metacognitive capacity. This article reprises the original study that explored metacognition across species. A captive dolphin performed an auditory pitch-discrimination task using High/Low discrimination responses and an Uncertainty response with which he could declineto complete any trials he chose. He selectively declined the difficult trials near his discriminative threshold—just as humans do. This comparative exploration of metacognition required a trial intensive titration of perceptual threshold and the training of a distinctive behavioral response. It could not have been conducted in the wild, though the naturalistic observation of dolphin uncertainty behaviors and risk-management strategies would no doubt yield complementary insights. The dolphin study inaugurated a new area of cross-species research. This research area opens a new window on reflective mind in animals, illuminates the phylogenetic emergence of metacognition, and may reveal the antecedents of human consciousness.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "metacognition" }, { "word": "discrimination" }, { "word": "uncertainty" }, { "word": "Dolphin" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rd780tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "J. David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University at Buffalo, The State University of New York", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:34:01Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:34:01Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5237/galley/3116/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5238, "title": "Journal Publication Trends Regarding Cetaceans Found in Both Wild and Captive Environments: What do we Study and Where do we Publish?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Scientists conducting research on cetaceans have a variety of publication outlets. However, a formal assessment of those options has not been conducted. To better understand the trends in publications regarding dolphins and whales, we surveyed peer-reviewed articles from 9 different databases. Our survey produced 1,628 unique articles involving 16 cetaceans found both in the wild and in captivity. Each article was coded a variety of information: habitat, geographic location, genus, topic, research design, and journal type. The analyses indicated that 68% studies were conducted with wild populations and 29% were performed with captive populations. A quarter of the journals publishing research on dolphins or whales published almost 80% of all the articles selected for this study. Studies were conducted across many different geographic locations and topics. Other major findings elucidated relationships between various variables. As expected, specific topics were more likely associated with certain research designs, habitats, and journal types. One of the most important findings of this study is the limited publication of research conducted with captive cetaceans. While it is important to continue to examine animals in their natural environments, there is much to be learned from studies conducted with animals in captivity. As a group, we must become cognizant of the publication trends which currently describe our research progress as we integrate our knowledge from captivity and the wild.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "Captive, Cetacean" }, { "word": "marine mammal" }, { "word": "Whale" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nh5g1f8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Heather", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. Mary’s University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lackups", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:48:37Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:48:37Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5238/galley/3117/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5235, "title": "Observational Learning in Wild and Captive Dolphins", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Many non-human species imitate the behavior of others, and dolphins seem particularly adept at this form of observational learning. Evidence for observational learning in wild dolphins is rare, given the difficulty of observing individual wild animals in sufficient detail to eliminate other possible explanations of purported imitation. Consequently, much of the evidence supporting observational learning in dolphins has involved animals in captive settings. This research suggests that dolphins have an affinity for mimicry, and that they are more successful at observational learning if they choose to imitate another rather than being asked to do so. These results, combined with those obtained from wild dolphins, suggest that imitation may play important roles in the ontogeny of a variety of behaviors, including those involved in communication, foraging, and parenting.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "observation" }, { "word": "mimicry" }, { "word": "marine mammal" }, { "word": "Dolphin" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qf5v7mj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Deirdre", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Yeater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sacred Heart University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stan", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Kuczaj II", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Mississippi", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:23:47Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:23:47Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5235/galley/3114/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5241, "title": "Overlap between Information Gained from Complementary and Comparative Studies of Captive and Wild Dolphins", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Dolphin behavior has been observed in both captive and wild settings for years. Comparisons of captive and wild aquatic mammals have proven difficult because of limitations placed on observers in both arenas; still research conducted in each setting provides details often unavailable from the other environment. For example, internal body states (e.g., hormone levels) that might effect the expression of certain behaviors cannot readily be measured from wild dolphins; however, they can be routinely documented during husbandry behaviors. Conversely, detailed documentation of dolphin travel patterns is more readily available from long-term studies of wild dolphins; and while travel patterns are not applicable for study from captive individuals, observation of movement patterns within a pool can be examined to provide insight into an individual’s behavior or inter-individual interactions. Long-term observations from three captive and three wild dolphins study populations are presented comparatively to illustrate how work on groups in each setting can complement one another. Additionally, data from a survey of trainers (50 surveys distributed with 17 completed surveys received) suggests that dolphin trainers interpreted several behaviors in ways that were consistent with observations of wild dolphins. For example, tail slapping was reported mainly as irritation(45.5%) or frustration (22.7%), but was also suggested to occur in play (31.8%). Pectoral fin rubs were used in appeasement (15.4%), comfort (7.7%), and affection (26.9%) more so than in sexual(7.7%) contexts or not at all (7.7%). Jaw claps, hitting, biting, chasing and ramming were observed in aggressive contexts in both captivity and the wild. More significantly, there were no consistent differences between wild and captive dolphins reported by surveyed trainers. The author’s ongoing research program merges advantages from both environments to facilitate a more thorough understanding of dolphin communication and society.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "marine mammal" }, { "word": "Captivity" }, { "word": "Dolphin" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/10c9721w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kathleen", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Dudzinski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dolphin Communication Project", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T01:00:22Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T01:00:22Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5241/galley/3120/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5227, "title": "Research with Captive Marine Mammals is Important: An Introduction to the Special Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Although considerable advances have been made in ou r understanding of marine mammals in the past few decades, there are still many more questions than answers. Attempts to answer these questions will rely on information from both captive and wild populations. The purposes of this special issue and the one to follow it are to: (1) highlight the significance of research with captive animals, (2) emphasize the complementary nature of captive research with that done with wild animals, (3) urge researchers to cooperate, regardless of whether they study captive or wild animals, and (4) encourage facilities with captive marine mammals to allow researchers to conduct meaningful studies that further our understanding of marine mammal anatomy, behavior, cognition, communication, perception, and physiology.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "Captive marine mammals" }, { "word": "animal welfare" } ], "section": "Special Issue Introduction", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tm788q6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stan", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Kuczaj II", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Mississippi", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-17T23:24:37Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-17T23:24:37Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5227/galley/3106/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5229, "title": "Research with Navy Marine Mammals Benefits Animal Care, Conservation and Biology", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The benefit and ethics of keeping marine mammals in captivity has been a source of debate for several decades. One of the center pieces of the debate is whether there is real benefit to marine mammals as a whole that results from research on captive marine mammals. The Navy Marine Mammal Program (MMP) keeps marine mammals for national defense purposes. However, in nearly 50 years of existence, the MMP has also been a leader in marine mammal research. The results of the research conducted by the MMP has not only benefited the care of marine mammals in captivity, but has directly and indirectly improved our understanding of the behavior, physiology, and ecology ofanimals in the wild. Research conducted with the MMP marine mammal population has produced demonstrable improvements in veterinary care and has lead to some of the earliest advances inproviding guidelines for mitigating the impact of sound on wild marine mammals. Additionally, our understanding of echolocation, diving physiology, and husbandry behaviors has greatly benefited from MMP research. Future and current work conducted by the MMP will continue to add to the knowledge base of marine mammal biology while contributing to their care and conservation.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "Captivity" }, { "word": "Whale" }, { "word": "marine mammal" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pm7v89g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dorian", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Houser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Marine Mammal Foundation", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Finneran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "United States Navy Marine Mammal Program,\nSpace and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sam", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Ridgway", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Marine Mammal Foundation", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-17T23:49:55Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-17T23:49:55Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5229/galley/3108/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5240, "title": "The Synergy of Laboratory and Field Studies of Dolphin Behavior and Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Dolphin behavior and cognition have been studied in both the laboratory and the wild. Laboratory studies provide high levels of control over experimental variables and the opportunity to investigate the cognitive mechanisms of behavior. However, laboratory studies are typically limited to a few subjects. Field studies have the benefit of examining behavior and social interactions among large numbers of individuals. They can reveal how cognitive abilities are expressed naturally, and can provide external validity for observations in the laboratory. However, there is typically less controlover experimental variables in field studies than in the laboratory. Thus, a synergistic relationship has emerged between laboratory and field studies of dolphin behavior and cognition with each contributing information and ideas to the other that can lead to new questions and insights. This relationship is demonstrated using four issues: a) the types of percepts and mental representations dolphins can form through echolocation; b) the complexity of relationships that dolphins can understand; c) the dolphin's competency in symbolic referential communication; and d) the dolphin's ability to manage joint attention through pointing and gazing.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "social behavior" }, { "word": "Dolphin" }, { "word": "marine mammal" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5803w29x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Pack", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hawai’i at Hilo,\nThe Dolphin Institute", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:55:05Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:55:05Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5240/galley/3119/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5228, "title": "The Value of Ex Situ Cetacean Populations in Understanding Reproductive Physiology and Developing Assisted Reproductive Technology for Ex Situ and In Situ Species Management and Conservation Efforts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Wild cetacean populations have uncertain futures in the face of shifting climate conditions and the continued encroachment of their unique ecosystem by human activities. Core conservation efforts focus on habitat protection and understanding the natural ecology of a species, but such efforts arein complete without a comprehensive understanding of a species’ physiology. Ex situ populations of cetaceans provide a unique opportunity to collect this physiological data, and thereby serve as an important component of any conservation effort. The sustainability of captive cetacean populations is in turn dependent on a thorough understanding of reproductive physiology, and such research has facilitated the development of assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART, specifically gamete preservation for genome resource banking, artificial insemination and sperm sexing, has been used to significantly enhance the genetic, reproductive and social management of ex situ cetaceans. For endangered cetaceans and other marine mammals, ART will permit the establishment of permanent repositories of valuable genetic material which could be used to maximize their reproductive potential and maintain the species’ genetic diversity; an approach that, when combined with in situ conservation efforts, may prevent their extinction.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "genetic diversity" }, { "word": "Whale" }, { "word": "Cetacean" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n15q19h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "J.", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "O’Brien", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sea World and Busch Gardens Reproductive Research Center, USA\nFaculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Australia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "T.", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Robeck", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sea World and Busch Gardens Reproductive Research Center, USA\nSeaWorld Parks & Entertainment, USA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-17T23:43:32Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-17T23:43:32Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5228/galley/3107/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5231, "title": "What can Captive Whales tell us About their Wild Counterparts? Identification, Usage, and Ontogeny of Contact Calls in Belugas (\nDelphinapterus leucas\n)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Contact calls are ubiquitous in social birds and mammals. Belugas are among the most vocal of cetaceans, but the function of their calls is poorly understood. In a previous study we hypothesized that a broad band pulsed call type labeled “Type A,” serves as a contact call between mothers and their calves. Here we examined context-specific use of call types recorded from a captive beluga social group at the Vancouver Aquarium, and found that the Type A call comprised 24% to 97% of the vocalizations during isolation, births, death of a calf, presence of external stressors, and re-union of animals after separation. In contrast it comprised 4.4% of the vocalizations produced during regular sessions. We grouped 2835 Type A calls into five variants, A1 to A5. A discriminant function analysis classified 87% of calls in the same groupings that we assigned them to by ear and visual examination of spectrograms. The variants do not represent individual signatures. One variant, A1, was used by three related individuals: an adult female, her male calf and his juvenile half-sister. Our previous research documented the gradual development of the A1 variant by the male calf, until at 20 months he was producing stereotyped renditions of his mother and sister’s A1. We used our findings to generate testable predictions about the usage of these signals by wild belugas. We verified the existence of signals with the same distinctive features as the contact calls found in captivity in the repertoire of St. Lawrence Estuary herds, and documented their usage by two wild individuals from different populations. In the St. Lawrence, these were emitted by a female calling after a dead-calf. In Hudson Bay, by a temporarily restrained juvenile. We propose that these calls function in nature, a sin captivity, to maintain group cohesion, and that the variants shared by related animals are used for mother-calf recognition.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "Calling" }, { "word": "Whales" }, { "word": "Beluga" }, { "word": "Whale" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gt03961", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Valeria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vergara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Michaud", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Group for Research and Education on Marine Mammals", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lance", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barrett-Lennard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cetacean Research Lab, Vancouver Aquarium", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:01:30Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:01:30Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5231/galley/3110/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 5232, "title": "What Laboratory Research has Told Us about Dolphin Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studies of sensory, cognitive, and communicative skills of bottlenose dolphins (\nTursiops truncatus\n) were carried out over a 34-year period at the Kewalo Basin Marine Mammal Laboratory in Honolulu. Findings on sensory skills included fine discrimination of auditory frequency differences andauditory duration, good visual resolution capabilities in water and in air, and sharing of object recognition across the senses of vision and echolocation. Short-term memory for auditory and visual materials was well developed, including memory for lists of items. Concept learning was demonstrated within several paradigms, including discrimination learning sets and matching-to sample. Dolphins understood novel instructions conveyed within artificial gestural or acoustic language systems using “sentences” as long as five words whose interpretation required processing of both the semantic and syntactic features of the languages. Gestural instructions were understood as reliably when conveyed through television images of trainers as when conveyed by live trainers. The words of these languages were understood referentially, including an ability to report whether a referenced object was present or absent in the dolphin’s tank. Both vocal mimicry of novel sounds and behavioral (motor) mimicry of other dolphins and of humans was demonstrated, an extensive and unique dual ability among animals tested, including an understanding of the concept of imitate as well as an understanding of the concept of behavioral synchrony. Behavioral synchrony (two dolphins acting together) was carried out effectively for behaviors directed by a trainer and for self directedbehaviors. The dolphins understood the referring function of the human pointing gesture,possibly as a generalization from the referring function of their echolocation beam. Self-awarenesswas demonstrated in two domains: the dolphin’s conscious awareness of its own recent behavior, and its conscious awareness of its own body parts when symbolically referenced. This suite of findings attest to the remarkable flexibility and extensibility of dolphin cognition and reveals cognitive competencies that surely aid the dolphin’s effective functioning within its complex social and ecological milieu.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "Behavior" }, { "word": "Behaviour" }, { "word": "Communication" }, { "word": "vocalization" }, { "word": "learning" }, { "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Cognitive Processes" }, { "word": "Intelligence" }, { "word": "Choice" }, { "word": "Conditioning" }, { "word": "Language" }, { "word": "primates" }, { "word": "Rat" }, { "word": "Chimpanzee" } ], "section": "Special Issue: Revisiting The Legacy of Stan Kuczaj", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7172b1v0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Louis", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Herman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hawaii and The Dolphin Institute", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2013-11-18T00:07:57Z", "date_accepted": "2013-11-18T00:07:57Z", "date_published": "2010-08-01T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5232/galley/3111/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17424, "title": "An Unusual Facial Impalement Injury in a 75-Year-Old Male", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "impalement injury" }, { "word": "lip laceration" }, { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ds2q1tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joel", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Levis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kaiser Santa Clara Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jodie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Craig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kaiser Santa Clara Medical Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-12-15T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-12-15T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17424/galley/8867/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17439, "title": "A Pilot Study of the Performance Characteristics of the D-dimer in Presumed Sepsis.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To determine if a sensitive D-dimer assay can exclude progression to organ dysfunction, death, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with suspected infection, and if increasing levels of D-dimer are predictive of those end points.\n\n\nMethods: The study took place at two academic EDs, both located in tertiary care hospitals. This was a prospective convenience sample of adult patients presenting with an infective process and at least two of four criteria for the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. We measured D-dimer levels in the participants and abstracted their records for the end points. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine if a higher cutoff would have a greater specificity for our end points.\n\n\nResults: We enrolled 134 patients. Twelve were excluded from analysis (10 for lack of a D-dimer, one for recent surgery, and one for complete loss to follow up). Using the cutoff of 0.4 established by our laboratories as positive, the D-dimer had a sensitivity of 94% (CI95; 76-99) for organ dysfunction in the ED, 93% (72-99) for organ dysfunction at 48 hours, 93% (81-98) for ICU admission, and 100% (63-100) for 30-day mortality. However, at this cutoff, specificity was not statistically significant. Significantly raising the cutoff for a positive resulted in a decrease in sensitivity but improved specificity.\n\n\nConclusion: This study was limited by its nonconsecutive patient recruitment and sample size. A normal D-dimer may exclude progression to organ dysfunction, ICU admission, and death and, at higher cutoff levels, could help risk stratify patients presenting to the ED with signs of sepsis.\n\n\n[West J Emerg Med. 2010;11(2):173-179.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "D-dimer" }, { "word": "sepsis" }, { "word": "Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bv4f05s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Phillip", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Goebel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mike O'Callaghan Federal Hospital", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Justin", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Williams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Gerhardt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-01-06T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-01-06T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17439/galley/8876/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17444, "title": "Catatonia Associated with Initiating Paliperidone Treatment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present a case of catatonia, which occurred shortly after starting a new antipsychotic, paliperidone, an active metabolite of risperidone. Catatonia may be caused by a variety of conditions, including metabolic, neurologic, psychiatric and toxic processes. Interestingly, risperidone, which has been thought to cause several cases of catatonia, has also been recommended as a potential treatment. We discuss potential mechanisms for causes of drug-induced catatonia as well as potential treatment options. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(2):186-188.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "catatonia" }, { "word": "paliperidone" }, { "word": "atypical antipsychotics" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mm9d4jw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nathanael", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "McKeown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Poison Control Center, Portland VA Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Bryan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine and Portland VA Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "B", "middle_name": "Zane", "last_name": "Horowitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine and Oregon Poison Control Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-05-01T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-05-01T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17444/galley/8878/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17458, "title": "Cecal Volvulus in Adolescence Presenting as Recurring Visits for Abdominal Pain", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Repeat visits to an emergency department (ED) within a short period of time for recurring or continuing abdominal pain should make physicians suspicious for relapsing or episodic disease processes. I present a case of a 17-year-old female with cecal volvulus found only after multiple ED visits. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(2):202-204.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cecal volvulus" }, { "word": "abdominal pain" }, { "word": "adolescence" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Surgery" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2911v7rh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Browne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Resurrection Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Il", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-08-06T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-08-06T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17458/galley/8887/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17419, "title": "Charcot Foot? Charcot Arthropathy Caused by Lisfranc Fracture-Dislocation in a Diabetic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Charcot Foot" }, { "word": "Fracture" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Orthopedics" }, { "word": "radiology" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7215k1ws", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Veronica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vasquez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Henderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-09-14T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-09-14T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17419/galley/8863/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17402, "title": "Chart Smart: A Need for Documentation and Billing Education Among Emergency Medicine Residents?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objective: The healthcare chart is becoming ever more complex, serving clinicians, patients, third party payers, regulators, and even medicolegal parties. The purpose of this study was to identify our emergency medicine (EM) resident and attending physicians’ current knowledge and attitudes about billing and documentation practices. We hypothesized that resident and attending physicians would identify billing and documentation as an area in which residents need further education.\n\n\nMethods: We gave a 15-question Likert survey to resident and attending physicians regarding charting practices, knowledge of billing and documentation, and opinions regarding need for further education.\n\n\nResults: We achieved a 100% response rate, with 47% (16/34) of resident physicians disagreeing or strongly disagreeing that they have adequate training in billing and documentation, while 91% (31/34) of residents and 95% (21/22) of attending physicians identified this skill as important to a resident’s future practice. Eighty-two percent (28/34) of resident physicians and 100% of attending physicians recommended further education for residents.\n\n\nConclusion: Residents in this academic EM department identified a need for further education in billing and documentation practices. [West J Emerg Med. 2010;11(2): 116-119.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Residency" }, { "word": "education" }, { "word": "Billing" }, { "word": "Relative Value Scale" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2b52z343", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Dawson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kelly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brewer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Luan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lawson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2008-09-04T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2008-09-04T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17402/galley/8853/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17430, "title": "Chlorine Gas: An Evolving Hazardous Material Threat and Unconventional Weapon", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Chlorine gas represents a hazardous material threat from industrial accidents and as a terrorist weapon. This review will summarize recent events involving chlorine disasters and its use by terrorists, discuss pre-hospital considerations and suggest strategies for the initial management for acute chlorine exposure events. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(2):151-156.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "chlorine" }, { "word": "pulmonary irritant" }, { "word": "pulmonary agent" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medical Toxicology" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06q685v1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tacoma, WA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Brandon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tacoma, WA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tacoma, WA", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-03-25T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-03-25T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17430/galley/8870/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17507, "title": "Cholecysto-colonic Fistula Manifesting as Pneumobilia and Gastrointestinal Bleed", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Pneumobilia" }, { "word": "choledocho-colonic fistula" }, { "word": "gasrtointestinal bleed" }, { "word": "Digestive, Oral, and Skin Physiology" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medical Pathology" }, { "word": "Other Medical Sciences" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9g1282qw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Manu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaushik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ritu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Madan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Prateek", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Gupta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Janardhana", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Gorthi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Venkata", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Alla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Division of Cardiology, Creighton University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-16T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-16T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17507/galley/8926/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17433, "title": "Cocaine-Associated Seizures and Incidence of Status Epilepticus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Acute complications from cocaine abuse are commonly treated in the emergency department (ED); one of the most consequential is status epilepticus. The incidence of this complication is not clearly defined in the prior literature on cocaine-associated sequelae. We evaluated the incidence of status epilepticus in patients with seizures secondary to suspected cocaine use.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a retrospective multi-center study of patients with seizures resulting from cocaine use. We identified study subjects at 15 hospitals by record review and conducted a computer-assisted records search to identify patients with seizures for each institution over a four-year period. We selected subjects from this group on the basis of cocaine use and determined the occurrence of status epilepticus among them. Data were collected on each subject using a standardized data collection form.\n\n\nResults: We evaluated 43 patients in the ED for cocaine-associated seizures. Their age range was 17 to 54, with a mean age was 31 years; 53% were male. Of 43 patients, 42 experienced a single tonic-clonic seizure and one developed status epilepticus. All patients had either a history of cocaine use or positive urine drug screen for cocaine.\n\n\nConclusion: Despite reported cases of status epilepticus with cocaine-induced seizures, the incidence of this complication was unclear based on prior literature. This study shows that most cocaine-associated seizures are self-limited. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(2):157-160.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cocaine" }, { "word": "seizures" }, { "word": "status epilepticus" }, { "word": "cocaine-associated seizures" }, { "word": "toxin" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nm7d20d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Majlesi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Morristown Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Morristown, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Shih", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Morristown Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Morristown, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Frederick", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Fiesseler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Morristown Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Morristown, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Oliver", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Morristown Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Morristown, NJ", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Renato", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Debellonia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New Jersy Poison Center, Newark, NJ", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-07-24T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-07-24T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17433/galley/8873/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17505, "title": "Complicated Orbital Apex Fracture in a Child with a Mild Eye Injury", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "orbital" }, { "word": "apex" }, { "word": "Fracture" }, { "word": "complicated" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "pediatrics" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c34k57n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tommy", "middle_name": "Y", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Children's Hospital of Orange County", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Lin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Children's Hospital of Orange County", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lilit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Minasyan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Children's Hospital of Orange County", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "N", "last_name": "Holmes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Children's Hospital of Orange County and MRD Diagnostic Medical Imaging", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ameer", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Mody", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Children's Hospital of Orange County", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-01-12T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-01-12T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17505/galley/8924/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17445, "title": "Effect of Hospital Staff Surge Capacity on Preparedness for a Conventional Mass Casualty Event", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To assess current medical staffing levels within the Hospital Referral System in the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa, and analyze the surge capacity needs to prepare for the potential of a conventional mass casualty incident during a planned mass gathering.\n\n\nMethods: Query of all available medical databases of both state employees and private medical personnel within the greater Cape Town area to determine current staffing levels and distribution of personnel across public and private domains. Analysis of the adequacy of available staff to manage a mass casualty incident.\n\n\nResults: There are 594 advanced pre-hospital personnel in Cape Town (17/100,000 population) and 142 basic pre-hospital personnel (4.6/100,000). The total number of hospital and clinic-based medical practitioners is 3097 (88.6/100,000), consisting of 1914 general physicians; 54.7/100,000 and 1183 specialist physicians; 33.8/100,000. Vacancy rates for all medical practitioners range from 23.5% to 25.5%. This includes: nursing post vacancies (26%), basic emergency care practitioners (39.3%), advanced emergency care personnel (66.8%), pharmacy assistants (42.6%), and pharmacists (33.1%).\n\n\nConclusion: There are sufficient numbers and types of personnel to provide the expected ordinary healthcare needs at mass gathering sites in Cape Town; however, qualified staff are likely insufficient to manage a concurrent mass casualty event. Considering that adequate correctly skilled and trained staff form the backbone of disaster surge capacity, it appears that Cape Town is currently under resourced to manage a mass casualty event. With the increasing size and frequency of mass gathering events worldwide, adequate disaster surge capacity is an issue of global relevance.\n\n\n[West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(2):189-196.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "mass gathering" }, { "word": "Surge Capacity" }, { "word": "MCI" }, { "word": "Mass Casualty Incident" }, { "word": "FIFA World Cup™" }, { "word": "Disaster preparedness" }, { "word": "hospital disaster planning" }, { "word": "ED Crowding" }, { "word": "Community Health and Preventive Medicine" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69h9p1z7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tyson", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Welzel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cape Town, Division of Emergency Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kristi", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Koenig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tareg", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, CA", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Errol", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Visser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cape Town, Division of Emergency Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-08-16T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-08-16T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17445/galley/8879/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17435, "title": "Etomidate As An Induction Agent In Septic Patients: Red Flags Or False Alarms?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite its widespread use in North America and many other parts of the world, the safety of etomidate as an induction agent for rapid sequence intubation in septic patients is still debated. In this article, we evaluate the current literature on etomidate, review its clinical history, and discuss the controversy regarding its use, especially in sepsis. We address eight questions: (i) When did concern over the safety of etomidate first arise? (ii) What is the mechanism by which etomidate is thought to affect the adrenal axis? (iii) How has adrenal insufficiency in relation to etomidate use been defined or identified in the literature? (iv) What is the evidence that single dose etomidate is associated with subsequent adrenal-cortisol dysfunction? (v) What is the clinical significance of adrenal insufficiency or dysfunction associated with single dose etomidate, and where are the data that support or refute the contention that single-dose etomidate is associated with increased mortality or important post emergency department (ED) clinical outcomes? (vi) How should etomidate’s effects in septic patients best be measured? (vii) What are alternative induction agents and what are the advantages and disadvantages of these agents relative to etomidate? (viii) What future work is needed to further clarify the characteristics of etomidate as it is currently used in patients with sepsis? We conclude that the observational nature of almost all available data suggesting adverse outcomes from etomidate does not support abandoning its use for rapid sequence induction. However, because we see a need to balance theoretical harms and benefits in the presence of data supporting the non-inferiority of alternative agents without similar theoretical risks associated with them, we suggest that the burden of proof to support continued widespread use may rest with the proponents of etomidate. We further suggest that practitioners become familiar with the use of more than one agent while awaiting further definitive data. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(2):161-172.]", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "etomidate" }, { "word": "sepsis" }, { "word": "adrenal function" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists" }, { "word": "Medical Toxicology" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34f0g532", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Kulstad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ejaaz", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Kalimullah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Karis", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Tekwani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Advocate Christ Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oak Lawn, IL", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "D Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Courtney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, IL", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-04-09T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-04-09T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17435/galley/8874/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17539, "title": "Finding a Community Job in Emergency Medicine: Advice for Residents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "job searching" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7zt307c2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2010-07-26T07:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2010-07-26T07:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17539/galley/8943/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17496, "title": "“Hanging” Pelvic Gallbladder Simulating Occult Hip Fracture Versus Appendicitis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "hanging gallbladder" }, { "word": "floating gallbladder" }, { "word": "appendicitis mimic" }, { "word": "Digestive System Diseases" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gk3d8th", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "W D", "last_name": "Dolbec", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Vermont College of Medicine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Higgins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michale", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Jung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maine Medical Center", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2009-12-04T08:00:00Z", "date_accepted": "2009-12-04T08:00:00Z", "date_published": "2010-07-28T07:00:00Z", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17496/galley/8918/download/" } ] } ] }