API Endpoint for journals.

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            "pk": 43261,
            "title": "Chop Suey as Imagined Authentic Chinese Food: The Culinary Identity of Chinese Restaurants in the United States",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "At least until the 1960s, chop suey was synonymous with Chinese food in the United States, where most Chinese restaurants were called chop suey houses. By uncovering the history of chop suey, this article analyzes the development of Chinese cuisine in the U.S. as an example of transnational cultural exchange. The authenticity and culinary identity of Chinese food in America often rested on its real or imagined Chinese roots while its popularity depended on how well Chinese restaurant proprietors adapted the flavors, ingredients, and cooking methods of Chinese cuisine to the tastes and markets of local American communities. The dynamic interaction between Chinese food and American customers functioned as a complex cultural negotiation. While Chinese restaurants helped shape the American diet, Chinese food was at the same time being shaped and transformed by American popular taste. By appealing to a wide range of American diners, chop suey eventually evolved into a popular American ethnic food and a central component in the culinary identity of Chinese restaurants. Chop suey generated numerous jobs for Chinese immigrants and established a culinary bond between Chinese food and American customers. Also, as an imagined authentic Chinese dish, it represented a type of affordable exoticism in the eyes of American consumers, meeting not only American tastes but also their social expectations of Chinese culture.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "chop suey"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Chinese immigrants"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Chinese restaurant business"
                },
                {
                    "word": "race &amp"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Ethnicity"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Chinese migration"
                },
                {
                    "word": "New York Chinatown"
                },
                {
                    "word": "food history and culture"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bc4k55r",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Haiming",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Liu",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "California State Polytechnic University - Pomona",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-09-23T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-09-23T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
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                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43261/galley/32228/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43286,
            "title": "Cuba Libre at Odds: Hemingway, Twain, and the Spanish-American War",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Spanish-American War"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961)"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vz700w4",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Hideo",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tsuji",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
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                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43286/galley/32253/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43265,
            "title": "Editors' Introduction: New Perspectives on 'The War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "\"The War-Prayer,\" written a hundred years ago as Mark Twain reflected on the conditions surrounding the U.S. decision to embark on the imperialist venture known as the Philippine-American War, speaks to us across time in strikingly uncanny ways.  Although today \"The War-Prayer\" is increasingly accessible to readers worldwide, this important piece by Mark Twain has never received the critical attention that it warrants.  Neither has it occupied the place that it deserves in the Mark Twain canon, or in the American literary canon.  In the years since its first publication in 1923, it has often been reprinted.  But it rarely appears in anthologies of American literature, and it is among the least well-known works by Twain as far as the general public is concerned.  Indeed, educated individuals are often startled and shocked when they are introduced to this piece, dumbfounded as to why they never encountered it before.  A question worth pondering: How might American history and world history in the 20th century have been different if \"The War-Prayer\" had been as familiar to every high school student as Tom Sawyer?  As editors of this international forum on \"The War-Prayer\" in Mark Twain Studies, we are pleased to be able to give this important work by Mark Twain some of the attention that it has long deserved.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer\""
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kb9h5qg",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Shelley",
                    "middle_name": "Fisher",
                    "last_name": "Fishkin",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Stanford University",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Takayuki",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tatsumi",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Keio University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
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                    "label": "",
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                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43265/galley/32232/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43252,
            "title": "Emerging from the Shadows: The Visual Arts and Asian American History",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Asian American Art: A History, 1850-1970\n, the book from which this foreword is excerpted, is the first comprehensive study of the lives and artistic production of artists of Asian ancestry active in the United States before 1970. The publication features original essays by ten leading scholars, biographies of more than 150 artists, and over 400 reproductions of artwork, ephemera, and images of the artists.   Aside from a few artists such as Dong Kingman, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Isamu Noguchi, and Yun Gee, artists of Asian ancestry have received inadequate historical attention, even though many of them received wide critical acclaim during their productive years. This pioneering work recovers the extraordinarily impressive artistic production of numerous Asian Americans, and offers richly informed interpretations of a long-neglected art history. To unravel the complexity of Asian American art expression and its vital place in American art, the texts consider aesthetics, the social structures of art production and criticism, and national and international historical contexts.  Without a doubt, \nAsian American Art\n will profoundly influence our understanding of the history of art in America and the Asian American experience for years to come.   Chang, Gordon H., Mark Johnson, and Paul Karlstrom, eds. \nAsian American Art: A History, 1850-1970\n. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2008.  Reprinted with the permission of Stanford University Press.  http://www.sup.org",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Asian American art history"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Forward",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28q3p1nv",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Gordon",
                    "middle_name": "H",
                    "last_name": "Chang",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Stanford University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-09-17T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-09-17T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
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                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43252/galley/32219/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43279,
            "title": "Failed Campaigns and Successful Retreats",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" \"The Private History of a Campaign That Failed"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" war"
                },
                {
                    "word": "killing"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tt8s4vk",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Amanda",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Claybaugh",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Columbia University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43279/galley/32246/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43251,
            "title": "Forward Editor’s Note",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Forward",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q3829pn",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Greg",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Robinson",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Université du Québec À Montréal",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-12-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-12-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43251/galley/32218/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43259,
            "title": "From Multiculturalism to Immigration Shock",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Immigration is a tense political topic in virtually every Western country, and in many others as well. In fact, immigration is an international issue: 3 percent of the world's population, 191,000,000 people, now live in countries other than those in which they were born. This paper discusses why immigration is so fraught, the relation of the crisis over immigration to the growing fracture of the Western world's economy, as well as to terrorism like September 11 and the train bombings in Madrid, Mumbai, and London, and how these factors—growing economic disparity, immigration, and terrorism—have altered one of the basic cultural phenomena of the United States in the last three decades, namely, what we call multiculturalism.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Immigration"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Study of American Literature"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Globalization"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6sr105gs",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Paul",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Lauter",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Trinity College",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-09-18T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-09-18T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43259/galley/32226/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43250,
            "title": "From the Editors",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "The \nJournal of Transnational American Studies\n (\nJTAS\n) seeks to broaden the interdisciplinary study of American cultures in a transnational context. In her 2004 presidential address to the American Studies Association, Shelley Fisher Fishkin noted the growing recognition that understanding the United States requires looking beyond and across national borders. This \"transnational turn\" has emphasized the multidirectional flows of peoples, ideas, and goods, and in the process has thrown into question the \"naturalness\" of political, geographical, and epistemological boundaries. \nJTAS\n functions as an open-access forum for Americanists in the global academic community, where scholars are increasingly interrogating borders both within and outside the nation and focusing instead on the multiple intersections and exchanges that flow across those borders. Sponsored by UC Santa Barbara’s American Cultures and Global Contexts Center and Stanford University's Program in American Studies, \nJTAS\n is hosted on the eScholarship Repository, which is part of the eScholarship initiative of the California Digital Library.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Transnational American Studies"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Issue Editors' Note",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46s3j4c3",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Shelley",
                    "middle_name": "Fisher",
                    "last_name": "Fishkin",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Stanford University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-01-31T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-01-31T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43250/galley/32217/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43274,
            "title": "'from the Throne': What the Stranger in 'the War-Prayer' Says About Mark Twain's Theology",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" stranger"
                },
                {
                    "word": "relationship to God"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s40s7vh",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Dwayne",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Eutsey",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43274/galley/32241/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43270,
            "title": "God's Imperialism: Mark Twain and the Religious War between Imperialists and Anti-Imperialists",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" religious authority"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Philippine-American War"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vp0q907",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Edward",
                    "middle_name": "J.",
                    "last_name": "Blum",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "San Diego State University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43270/galley/32237/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43273,
            "title": "'I Come from the Throne': 'the War-Prayer,' the Bible, and Anti-Imperialism",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "relationship to Bible"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Thomas Paine (1737-1809)"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24z6h213",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Wesley",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Britton",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Harrisburg Area Community College",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43273/galley/32240/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43257,
            "title": "Imaginary Jews and True Confessions:  Ethnicity, Lyricism, and John Berryman's \nDream Songs",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Berryman was fascinated with the figure of \"the imaginary Jew.\" The phrase is the title of his first short story, it recurs in \nThe Dream Songs\n, and it was to have been the topic of the final chapter of his autobiographical novel \nRecovery\n. Critics have not treated Berryman's \"imaginary Jew\" kindly. Early critics saw prosopopoeia as uncongenial to the confessional project. More recent critics see the figure as a misappropriation of Jewish identity. Berryman, however, did not want to pass himself off as Jewish; he invented the figure to expose the anti-Semitism of Eliot and Pound. His strategy of impersonating the stereotypical figure of \"the Jew\" was also in keeping with contemporary theories of prejudice and identity, which followed Sartre and psychoanalysis in understanding Jewishness as a product of morbid projection. My essay traces the critical reception—and rejection—of Berryman in order to expose what I see as the \"identitarian\" bias of American studies since the 1970s, most recently evident in debates over \"the Americanization of the Holocaust.\" Berryman's transpersonal poetry, I argue, is also transnational, both in its personification of Nazi victims and in its comparison of domestic racism and the Vietnam War to genocide. Berryman's concern is not identity but the violence implicit in designating the other as Other. This violence not only plays a role in prejudice but also in progressive theories of \"ethnic lyricism\" that see the individual as an expression of her \"culture\" or \"nation\" and the poem as a personification of the individual.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "John Berryman (1914-1972)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "The Dream Songs (1969)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The Imaginary Jew\""
                },
                {
                    "word": "Poetry"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Ethnicity"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Vietnam War"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4035s7ss",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Andrew",
                    "middle_name": "S.",
                    "last_name": "Gross",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Freie Universität Berlin",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-07-18T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-07-18T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43257/galley/32224/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43253,
            "title": "Introduction to \nExporting American Dreams: Thurgood Marshall's African Journey",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Thurgood Marshall became a living icon of civil rights when he argued \nBrown v. Board of Education\n before the Supreme Court in 1954. Six years later, he was at a crossroads. A rising generation of activists were making sit-ins and demonstrations rather than lawsuits the hallmark of the civil rights movement. What role, he wondered, could he now play? When in 1960 Kenyan independence leaders asked him to help write their constitution, Marshall threw himself into their cause. Here was a new arena in which law might serve as the tool with which to forge a just society.  In \nExporting American Dreams\n, Mary Dudziak recounts with poignancy and power the untold story of Marshall's journey to Africa. African Americans were enslaved when the U.S. constitution was written. In Kenya, Marshall could become something that had not existed in his own country: a black man helping to found a nation. He became friends with Kenyan leaders Tom Mboya and Jomo Kenyatta, serving as advisor to the Kenyans, who needed to demonstrate to Great Britain and to the world that they would treat minority races (whites and Asians) fairly once Africans took power. He crafted a bill of rights, aiding constitutional negotiations that helped enable peaceful regime change, rather than violent resistance.  Marshall's involvement with Kenya's foundation affirmed his faith in law, while also forcing him to understand how the struggle for justice could be compromised by the imperatives of sovereignty. Marshall's beliefs were most sorely tested later in the decade when he became a Supreme Court Justice, even as American cities erupted in flames and civil rights progress stalled. Kenya's first attempt at democracy faltered, but Marshall's African journey remained a cherished memory of a time and a place when all things seemed possible.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Thurgood Marshall"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Constitutional History"
                },
                {
                    "word": "East Africa"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Forward",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tt5426h",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Mary",
                    "middle_name": "L.",
                    "last_name": "Dudziak",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Southern California Law School",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-10-04T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-10-04T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
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                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43253/galley/32220/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43276,
            "title": "Let U.S. Prey: Mark Twain and Hubert Harrison on Religion and Empire",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" religion"
                },
                {
                    "word": "imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "relationship to Hubert H. Harrison (1883-1927)"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36g3h4p9",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Adrian",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Gaskins",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Colorado, Boulder",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43276/galley/32243/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43263,
            "title": "Life, Writing, and Peace: Reading Maxine Hong Kingston's \nThe Fifth Book of Peace",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Unlike her former award-winning and critically acclaimed works, Maxine Hong Kingston's \nThe Fifth Book of Peace\n has received little attention. This is an unthinkable phenomenon for a writer who has been hailed as one of the most widely taught authors living in the United States. One of the main reasons is that critics and reviewers do not know how to cope with this complicated, heterogeneous, and \"weird\" text that defies easy categorization. Nor do they know how to respond to the ways the author urges her readers to squarely face collective American traumas and symptoms through writing (especially the Vietnam War). This paper attempts to approach this intriguing text from the perspective of life writing. Part I points out the undue neglect of this book, refutes some serious misunderstandings, and offers \"life writing\" as a critical approach. Part II places this book in the context of Kingston's career and life trajectory in order to show that \"peace\" has always been her major concern. Part III argues that, whereas the 1991 Berkeley-Oakland fire destroyed the manuscript of her \"Fourth Book of Peace\" along with her house, this \"baptism of fire\" and its accompanying sense of devastation generated a special empathy, enabling her to better understand those who suffer, especially Vietnam War veterans. Part IV deals with both the subjects of writing trauma and trauma narrative and indicates how Kingston combines her writing expertise with the Buddhist mindfulness expounded by the Vietnamese monk Thich Nhat Hanh to lead the Veterans Writing Workshop. Finally, Part V stresses how Kingston and her writing community, by combining life, writing, and peace, tell their own stories and create new lives both personally and collectively.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Maxine Hong Kingston (1940- )"
                },
                {
                    "word": "The Fifth Book of Peace"
                },
                {
                    "word": "peace"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Trauma"
                },
                {
                    "word": "life writing"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/68t2k01g",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Te-Hsing",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Shan",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Academia Sinica",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-10-24T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-10-24T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43263/galley/32230/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43291,
            "title": "Loyalty to Mankind",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" patriotism"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9t92d02h",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Mark",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Donig",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43291/galley/32258/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43266,
            "title": "Manuscript of \"The War-Prayer\"",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xt305pj",
            "frozenauthors": [],
            "date_submitted": "2009-02-13T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-02-13T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43266/galley/32233/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43272,
            "title": "Mark Twain and Gensai Murai: A Japanese Inspiration for 'the War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" antiwar literature"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Murai Gensai (1863-1922)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Japanese literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zs4253w",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Kevin",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Mac Donnell",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "MacDonnell Rare Books",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43272/galley/32239/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43271,
            "title": "Mark Twain's Final Offensive: 'the War-Prayer' and American Religious Nationalism",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" religious authority"
                },
                {
                    "word": "nationalism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Philippine-American War"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bz22222",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Christopher",
                    "middle_name": "A.",
                    "last_name": "Vaughan",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Dominican University of California",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43271/galley/32238/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43284,
            "title": "Mark Twain's Messengers for a Fallen World: Supernatural Strangers in 'the War-Prayer' and the Mysterious Stranger Manuscripts",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" The Mysterious Stranger (1916)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "the supernatural"
                },
                {
                    "word": "stranger"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ch1t7c1",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Nancy",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Von Rosk",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Mount Saint Mary College",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43284/galley/32251/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43288,
            "title": "Mark Twain's 'the War-Prayer'—Reflections on Vietnam and Iraq",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" Vietnam War"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qh1w0g3",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Mông-",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Lan",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43288/galley/32255/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43290,
            "title": "Mark Twain's 'the War-Prayer,' Youth Culture in the Rural Midwest, and the Problem of Placing Religion in Historical Narratives About the 1960s",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" 1960s"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Midwestern United States"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46j3m5nh",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Mark",
                    "middle_name": "D.",
                    "last_name": "Hulsether",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Tennessee, Knoxville",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43290/galley/32257/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43254,
            "title": "Nation Drag: Uses of the Exotic",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "In \nUneven Encounters\n, the forthcoming book from which this article is excerpted, Micol Seigel chronicles the exchange of popular culture between Brazil and the United States in the years between the World Wars, and she demonstrates how that exchange affected ideas of race and nation in both countries. From Americans interpreting advertisements for Brazilian coffee or dancing the Brazilian \nmaxixe\n, to Rio musicians embracing the “foreign” qualities of jazz, Seigel traces a lively, cultural back-and-forth. Along the way, she shows how race and nation are constructed together, by both non-elites and elites, and gleaned from global cultural and intellectual currents as well as local, regional, and national ones.  Seigel explores the circulation of images of Brazilian coffee and of maxixe in the United States during the period just after the imperial expansions of the early twentieth century. Exoticist interpretations structured North Americans’ paradoxical sense of self as productive “consumer citizens.” Some people, however, could not simply assume the privileges of citizenship. In their struggles against racism, Afro-descended citizens living in the cities of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, New York, and Chicago encountered images and notions of each other, and found them useful. Seigel introduces readers to cosmopolitan Afro-Brazilians and African Americans who rarely traveled far but who absorbed ideas from abroad nonetheless. African American vaudeville artists saw the utility of pretending to “be” Brazilian to cross the color line on stage. Putting on “nation drag,” they passed not from one race to another but out of familiar racial categories entirely. Afro-Brazilian journalists reported intensively on foreign, particularly North American, news and eventually entered into conversation with the U.S. black press in a collaborative but still conflictual dialogue. Seigel suggests that projects comparing U.S. and Brazilian racial identities as two distinct constructions are misconceived. Racial formations transcend national borders; attempts to understand them must do the same.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Drag &amp"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Passing  Gender &amp"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Sexuality  Race &amp"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Nation  American Studies  Latin American Studies"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Forward",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3807p80j",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Micol",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Seigel",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Indiana University - Bloomington",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-12-07T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-12-07T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43254/galley/32221/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43264,
            "title": "Reprise Editor’s Note",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56v5s9sr",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Nina",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Morgan",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Kennesaw State University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-01-28T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-01-28T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43264/galley/32231/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43262,
            "title": "Self-Colonizing eEurope: The Information Society Merges onto the Information Superhighway",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "This comparative article investigates the different views of the internet—what it could do and what it was for—as they emerged in news media, popular culture, and policy in the United State and Europe before the year 2000. In the United States, the internet was imagined as an inevitability, as the domain of private corporations, and as a new frontier that would usher the United States into an era of global economic dominance. In Europe, the internet was imagined as a technological choice, as a technology subordinate to national institutions, and as a public utility that the state should provide citizens through national telecommunications corporations. Despite these differences, this article shows how, as the century concluded, the political imaginings of the internet in the two locations converged. While EU policymakers increasingly envisioned the internet as a free market and a means for global economic power, U.S. policymakers envisaged it more and more as a requirement for competent democratic citizenship. Europe \"Americanized\" its internet policies by increasing competition through cuts in state support for national telecommunications corporations, and the United States \"Europeanized\" theirs by promoting policies designed to bridge the \"digital divide.\" Ultimately, this article shows how the internet served both as an agent of change and a discursive construction through which varying imaginings were contested. In particular, Europe's adoption of the eEurope 2005 project—an endorsement of American-style unsubsidized corporations instead of European-style statist traditions—suggests that the internet functioned as a transatlantic cultural carrier of advanced capitalism.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "internet"
                },
                {
                    "word": "European Union"
                },
                {
                    "word": "United States"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Popular Culture"
                },
                {
                    "word": "policy"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8br4n9b2",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Stephanie",
                    "middle_name": "R",
                    "last_name": "Schulte",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Arkansas",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-05-30T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-05-30T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43262/galley/32229/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43255,
            "title": "\"The Higher the Satellite, the Lower the Culture\"? African American Studies in East-Central and Southeastern Europe: The Case of Poland",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "This paper examines the current position of African American studies in Poland, with Poland serving as an exemplar of similar changes taking place in other countries of East-Central and Southeastern Europe. In doing so, the paper highlights the nature of cultural representations or appropriations of blackness outside the United States, which, removed from their roots, start living their own independent lives. The omnipresence of hip-hop, basketball, and, to a lesser extent, black movies and literature has a direct influence on many cultures in which blackness is assigned a superior status. The foundations of this elevated position are often sustained by popular culture's hunger for the new and flashy, which grants the new forms a very peculiar and simulacral character. However, the paper recognizes that the far-reaching appeal of many black voices would likely be impossible without the aid of global channels of communication. The paper also examines a number of examples of black culture translated into and appropriated by various indigenous productions. It does so not only to show the somewhat naïve and even humorous aspects of many such \"trans-nations\" but also to demonstrate black culture's inspiring role for various local voices.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "American Studies"
                },
                {
                    "word": "African American Studies"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Globalization"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cultural Appropriations"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cultural Translations"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Simulacrum"
                },
                {
                    "word": "music"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Basketball"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Literature"
                },
                {
                    "word": "rap"
                },
                {
                    "word": "hip hop"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Transnational American Studies"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05g6928h",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Andrzej",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Antoszek",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-04-13T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-04-13T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43255/galley/32222/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43283,
            "title": "The Realm of an Empire and the Reach of Empathy: Reconsideration of Humanism in Mark Twain's 'the War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "humanism"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zn5v1ws",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Michio",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Arimitsu",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Harvard University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43283/galley/32250/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43280,
            "title": "The Real Prayer and the Imagined: The War against Romanticism in Twain, Howells, and Bierce",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" \"The Private History of a Campaign That Failed"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" war"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Romanticism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Ambrose Bierce (1842-1914?)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"Chickamauga"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" William Dean Howells (1837-1920)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"Editha\""
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2215m9ts",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Tim",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Edwards",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Georgia Southwestern State University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43280/galley/32247/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43293,
            "title": "The Sermon on the Mark",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" antiwar literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nz25228",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Barry",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Crimmins",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43293/galley/32260/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43282,
            "title": "The Trans-Pacific Lesson of Mark Twain's 'War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Travel"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/666369jq",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Hua",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Hsu",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Harvard University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43282/galley/32249/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43285,
            "title": "The Vision of the Other in Mark Twain's 'War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" stranger"
                },
                {
                    "word": "the other"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8km0p29r",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Martin",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Zehr",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43285/galley/32252/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43289,
            "title": "'the War-Prayer' in U. S. Popular Culture",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" popular culture"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5c47g871",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "John",
                    "middle_name": "J.",
                    "last_name": "Han",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Missouri Baptist University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43289/galley/32256/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43287,
            "title": "'the War-Prayer': Samuel Clemens and 9/11",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" \"Corn-Pone Opinions"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" \"As Regards Patriotism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" patriotism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "September 11 Terrorist Attacks (2001)"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20x6f98d",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Michael",
                    "middle_name": "J.",
                    "last_name": "Kiskis",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Elmira College",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43287/galley/32254/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43277,
            "title": "Thomas Dixon's War Prayers",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "racism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Religion"
                },
                {
                    "word": "relationship to sermons"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tz715b6",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Christopher",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Capozzola",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43277/galley/32244/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43256,
            "title": "Toward a Philosophy of Transnationalism",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "This essay suggests, first of all, that the power of transnational studies lies in its fundamentally dialectical approach, and, secondly, that this approach opens the way to a fresh consideration of the human subject of history. In the kind of transnational studies highlighted here, the focus is less strictly on the movements of people and capital across national borders and more on the implicitly other-oriented interactions between and among nations, making them mutually contingent phenomena, a situation which in turn entails intersubjective and intertextual events and calls for a fresh philosophy of the subject. Doyle draws on the thinking of Frantz Fanon, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Louis Althusser to explore one such possible \"transnational philosophy.\" The second half of the essay pursues the idea that literature offers a micro-world of the dialectics of both transnational history and existential intersubjectivity. Doyle interprets Daniel Defoe's \nRobinson Crusoe\n and Olaudah Equiano's \nInteresting Narrative\n in relation to each other as well as in relation to transnational Atlantic history. Such readings model a method for transnational literary studies, one grounded in philosophy as well as history.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Transnational"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Atlantic"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Race"
                },
                {
                    "word": "existential"
                },
                {
                    "word": "dialectical"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Olaudah Equiano (1745/6-ca. 1802)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Robinson Crusoe (1719)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Black Atlantic"
                },
                {
                    "word": "slavery"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vr1k8hk",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Laura",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Doyle",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Massachusetts-Amherst",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-09-22T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-09-22T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43256/galley/32223/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43275,
            "title": "Twain on War and William James on Peace: Shoring up the Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" war"
                },
                {
                    "word": "imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "relationship to William James (1842-1910)"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2s56w8nb",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Patrick",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Dooley",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "St. Bonaventure University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43275/galley/32242/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43281,
            "title": "Twain's Rhetoric of Irony in 'the War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" rhetoric"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Irony"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Philippine-American War"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3943t6p3",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Helen",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Lock",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Louisiana at Monroe",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43281/galley/32248/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43267,
            "title": "Typescript of \"The War-Prayer\"",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01m6g7h8",
            "frozenauthors": [],
            "date_submitted": "2009-02-13T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-02-13T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43267/galley/32234/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43269,
            "title": "What Hath Happened to 'the War-Prayer'",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Samuel Clemens (1835-1910)"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\"The War-Prayer"
                },
                {
                    "word": "\" imperialism"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Travel"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Reprise",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xp7f2wt",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Ron",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Powers",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-21T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43269/galley/32236/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 3952,
            "title": "Economy",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "The economy of ancient Egypt is a difficult area of study due to the lack of preservation of much data (especially quantitative data); it is also a controversial subject on which widely divergent views have been expressed. It is certain, however, that the principal production and revenues of Egyptian society as a whole and of its individual members was agrarian, and as such, dependent on the yearly rising and receding of the Nile. Most agricultural producers were probably self-sufficient tenant farmers who worked the fields owned by wealthy individuals or state and temple estates. In addition to these, there were institutional and corvée workforces, and slaves, but the relative importance of these groups for society as a whole is difficult to assess. According to textual evidence, crafts were in the hands of institutional workforces, but indications also exist of craftsmen working for private contractors. Trade was essentially barter with reference to fixed units of textile, grain, copper, silver, and gold as measures of value. Coins were imported and produced in the Late Period, but a system close to a monetary economy is attested only from the Ptolemaic Period onward. Marketplaces were frequented by private individuals (including women) as well as professional traders, both native and foreign. Imports were secured by conquests and military control in the Levant, from which silver, oil, and wine reached Egypt, and in Nubia, rich in its deposits of gold.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "economy"
                },
                {
                    "word": "estate"
                },
                {
                    "word": "barter"
                },
                {
                    "word": "redistribution"
                },
                {
                    "word": "money"
                },
                {
                    "word": "temple"
                },
                {
                    "word": "state"
                },
                {
                    "word": "tax"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Archaeological Anthropology"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Economic History"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Individual and Society",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t01s4qj",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Ben",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Haring",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Universiteit Leiden",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2007-09-13T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2007-09-13T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-04T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3952/galley/2528/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 5259,
            "title": "Assessing Generalization Within and Between Trap Tasks in the Great Apes",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Considerable research has been devoted to investigate the type of information that subjects use to solve tool-using tasks in which they have to avoid certain obstacles (e.g., traps) to retrieve a reward. Much of the debate has centered on whether subjects simply use certain stimulus features (e.g., the position of the trap) or instead use more functionally-relevant information regarding the effect that certain features may have on a moving reward. We tested eight apes (that in a previous study had succeeded in a trap-tube task) with one functional and two nonfunctional traps to investigate the features that they used to solve the task. Four of the eight subjects used functional features. Additionally, we presented 31 apes with a trap task that did not involve tools but required subjects to make an inference about the position of a hidden reward based on its displacement over a substrate with or without a trap. Subjects performed above chance levels (including from the first trial) in the experimental condition (unlike in the control conditions), suggesting that they took into account the effect that a trap may have on a reward. Third, we correlated the subjects performance in four trap tasks (3 involving tool-use and one without tool-use) and found positive correlations between some of the tasks. Our results suggest that apes possess some knowledge about the effects that traps have on slow moving unsupported objects. However, this knowledge was not robust enough to prevent the influence of certain practice and task effects. Moreover, subjects’ knowledge may not have been abstract enough to allow them to establish broad analogies between tasks.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
                "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
                "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
                "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behavior"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behaviour"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Communication"
                },
                {
                    "word": "vocalization"
                },
                {
                    "word": "learning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy"
                },
                {
                    "word": "cognition"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cognitive Processes"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Intelligence"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Choice"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Conditioning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Language"
                },
                {
                    "word": "primates"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Ape"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Generalization"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Research Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2685f1v3",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Gema",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Martin-Ordas",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Josep",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Call",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-11-20T10:27:55+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-11-20T10:27:55+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5259/galley/3138/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 5260,
            "title": "Covariation, Structure and Generalization: Building Blocks of Causal Cognition",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Theories of causal cognition describe how animals code cognitive primitives such as causal strength, directionality of relations, and other variables that allow inferences on the effect of interventions on causal links. We argue that these primitives and importantly causal generalization can be studied within an animal learning framework. Causal maps and other Bayesian approaches provide a normative framework for studying causal cognition, and associative theory provides algorithms for computing the acquisition of data-driven causal knowledge.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
                "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
                "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
                "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behavior"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behaviour"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Communication"
                },
                {
                    "word": "vocalization"
                },
                {
                    "word": "learning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy"
                },
                {
                    "word": "cognition"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cognitive Processes"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Intelligence"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Choice"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Conditioning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Language"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Bayesian"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cognitive primitive"
                },
                {
                    "word": "causality"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Research Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4q9246cr",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Robin",
                    "middle_name": "A.",
                    "last_name": "Murphy",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Esther",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Mondragón",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University College London",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Victoria",
                    "middle_name": "A.",
                    "last_name": "Murphy",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Oxford",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-11-20T10:32:22+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-11-20T10:32:22+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5260/galley/3139/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 5257,
            "title": "Rats Distinguish Between Absence of Events and Lack of Information in Sensory Preconditioning",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "In two experiments, rats received sensory preconditioning treatment in which an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) X was followed by visual CS A in Phase 1, and CS A was followed by an appetitive US (sucrose) in Phase 2. Rats also received presentations of auditory CS Y unpaired with other events. At test, rats looked for sucrose more following CS X than following CS Y on non-reinforced probe test trials only if the light bulb on which CS A had been presented during training was removed from the chamber at the time of testing. With the light bulb present (but unlit), rats showed nodifference in amount of nose poking between CS X and CS Y. These results suggest that rats distinguish between the explicit absence of events and lack of information",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
                "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
                "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
                "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "International Journal of Comparative Psychology"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behavior"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behaviour"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Communication"
                },
                {
                    "word": "vocalization"
                },
                {
                    "word": "learning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Behavioral Taxonomy"
                },
                {
                    "word": "cognition"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cognitive Processes"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Intelligence"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Choice"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Conditioning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Sensory preconditioning"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Rat"
                },
                {
                    "word": "information"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Research Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kk4c0vd",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Aaron",
                    "middle_name": "P.",
                    "last_name": "Blaisdell",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Kenneth",
                    "middle_name": "J.",
                    "last_name": "Leising",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "W. David",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Stahlman",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Michael",
                    "middle_name": "R.",
                    "last_name": "Waldmann",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Göttingen",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-11-20T10:14:34+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-11-20T10:14:34+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-02-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/5257/galley/3136/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 3948,
            "title": "Temple Festivals of the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Egyptian temples of the Ptolemaic and Roman periods provided the setting for the dramatic performance of various cultic activities, such as festivals. This overview describes the nature, distribution (national; regional; local), and setting (within the temple; within the precinct; outside the temple domain) of these festivals, as well as our main sources of information (reliefs; inscriptions; current research) relating to them. A few representative examples, including the national feast of the “Opening of the Year,” the regional “Beautiful Feast of Behdet,” involving Dendara and Edfu, and the local celebration of the “Coronation of the Sacred Falcon” in Edfu, are covered here in greater detail to exemplify the nature and proceedings of the festivals.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Festival"
                },
                {
                    "word": "temple"
                },
                {
                    "word": "ritual"
                },
                {
                    "word": "procession"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Near Eastern Languages and Societies"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Other Religion"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Religion",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cd7q9mn",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Filip",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Coppens",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Czech Institute of Egyptology, Charles University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2007-08-15T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2007-08-15T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-29T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/nelc_uee/article/3948/galley/2524/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16812,
            "title": "A Descriptive Analysis of 1251 Solid Organ Transplant Visits to the Emergency Department",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Background: As solid organ transplants become more common, recipients present more frequently to the emergency department (ED) for care.\n\n\nMethods: We performed a retrospective medical record review of ED visits of all patients who received an organ transplant at our medical center from 2000-2004, and included all visits following the patients’ transplant surgery through December 2005 or until failed graft, lost to follow up, or death. Clinically relevant demographic variables, confounding and outcome variables were recorded. Kidney, liver and combined kidney with other organ transplant recipients were included.\n\n\nResults: Five hundred ninety-three patients received kidney (395), liver (161), or combined renal (37) organ transplants during the study period, resulting in 1,251 ED visits. This represents 3.15 ED visits/patient followed over a mean of 30.8 months. Abdominal pain/gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (31.3%) and infectious complaints (16.7%) were the most common presentations. The most common ED discharge diagnoses were fever/infection (36%), GI/Genitourinary (GU) pathology (20.4%) and dehydration (15%). Renal transplant recipients were diagnosed with infectious processes most often, despite time elapsed from transplant. Liver transplant patients had diagnoses of fever/infection most often in their first 30 days post transplant. Thereafter they were more likely to develop GI/GU pathology. After the first year of transplantation, cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal pathology become more common in all transplant organ groups. Of the 1,251 ED visits, 762 (60.9%) resulted in hospitalization. Chief complaints of abdominal pain/GI symptoms, infectious complaints, cardiovascular and neurologic symptoms, and abnormal laboratory studies were significantly likely to result in hospitalization.\n\n\nConclusions: This study demonstrates a significant utilization of the ED by transplant recipients, presenting with a wide variety of symptoms and diagnoses, and with a high hospitalization rate. As the transplant-recipient population grows, these complex patients continue to present diagnostic and treatment challenges to primary care and emergency physicians.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:48-54.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0fc16496",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Sarah",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Unterman",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Michael",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Zimmerman",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Carissa",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tyo",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Ethan",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Sterk",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Lisa",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Gehm",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Marcia",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Edison",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Enrico",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Benedetti",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Elizabeth",
                    "middle_name": "M",
                    "last_name": "Orsay",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Illinois at Chicago",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-03-25T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-03-25T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16812/galley/8514/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16811,
            "title": "A Statistical Analysis of Santa Barbara Ambulance Response in 2006: Performance Under Load",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Ambulance response times in Santa Barbara County for 2006 are analyzed using point process techniques, including kernel intensity estimates and K-functions. Clusters of calls result in significantly higher response times, and this effect is quantified. In particular, calls preceded by other calls within 20 km and within the previous hour are significantly more likely to result in violations. This effect appears to be especially pronounced within semi-rural neighborhoods.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:42-47.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "clustering"
                },
                {
                    "word": "K-function"
                },
                {
                    "word": "kernel smoothing"
                },
                {
                    "word": "point process"
                },
                {
                    "word": "violations."
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1w8738kn",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Joshua",
                    "middle_name": "C",
                    "last_name": "Chang",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Statistics",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Frederic",
                    "middle_name": "P.",
                    "last_name": "Schoenberg",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Statistics",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2007-10-20T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2007-10-20T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16811/galley/8513/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16814,
            "title": "Bottoms Up: Methamphetamine Toxicity from an Unusual Route",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Methamphetamine (MA) use is becoming commonplace, and emergency physicians (EPs) are seeing patients with abuse-associated complications. Previous reports have described inhalational and intravenous routes. We present the second case of rectal MA abuse in the literature. Trans-rectal use is important for EPs to consider because ongoing absorption of massive quantities may be averted upon detection. Additionally, trans-rectal abuse risks anorectal trauma and vascular necrosis with colonic perforation.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:58-60.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "methamphetamine"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Drug Abuse"
                },
                {
                    "word": "transrectal Use"
                },
                {
                    "word": "drug toxicity"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03z4s3rp",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Malkeet",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Gupta",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Scott",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Bailey",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "St. Francis Hospital, Evanston, Illinois",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Luis",
                    "middle_name": "M",
                    "last_name": "Lovato",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Olive View-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Sylmar, California",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-07-17T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-07-17T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16814/galley/8516/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16770,
            "title": "Devastating Brain Injuries: Assessment and Management, Part I: Overview of Brain Death",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[WestJEM. 2009;10:11-17.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Organ donation"
                },
                {
                    "word": "brain death"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9px2b2qd",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Tara",
                    "middle_name": "D",
                    "last_name": "Dixon",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma/Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Darren",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Malinoski",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma/Critical Care, University of California, Irvine Medical Center",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-02-06T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-02-06T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16770/galley/8495/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16764,
            "title": "Emergency Department Ultrasound Is not a Sensitive Detector of Solid Organ Injury",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Objective: To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of emergency department (ED) ultrasound for the detection of solid organ injury following blunt abdominal trauma.\n\n\nMethods: A prospective cohort study performed in the ED of an urban Level I trauma center on patients who sustained blunt abdominal trauma. Following initial standard trauma evaluation, patients underwent a secondary ultrasound examination performed specifically to identify injury to the liver or spleen, followed by computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen. Ultrasound examinations were performed by emergency medicine residents or attending physicians experienced in the use of ultrasound for detecting hemoperitoneum. Ultrasonographers prospectively determined the presence or absence of liver or spleen injury. CT findings were used as the criterion standard to evaluate the ultrasound results.\n\n\nResults: From July 1998 through June 1999, 152 patients underwent secondary ultrasound examination and CT. Of the 152 patients, nine (6%) had liver injuries and 10 (7%) had spleen injuries. Ultrasound correctly detected only one of the liver injuries for a sensitivity of 11% (95% CI: 0%-48%) and a specificity of 98% (95% CI: 94%-100%). Ultrasound correctly detected eight spleen injuries for a sensitivity of 80% (95% CI: 44%-98%) and a specificity of 99% (95% CI: 95%-100%).\n\n\nConclusion: Emergency ultrasound is not sensitive or specific for detecting liver or spleen injuries following blunt abdominal trauma.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:1-5.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Solid organ injury"
                },
                {
                    "word": "hemoperitoneum"
                },
                {
                    "word": "ultrasound"
                },
                {
                    "word": "FAST exam"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nz6k1th",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "John",
                    "middle_name": "L.",
                    "last_name": "Kendall",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Jeffrey",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Faragher",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Providence Everett Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Gwendolyn",
                    "middle_name": "J.",
                    "last_name": "Hewitt",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Lutheran Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Gregory",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Burcham",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Swedish Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Jason",
                    "middle_name": "S.",
                    "last_name": "Haukoos",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Department of Preventative Medicine and Biometrics",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-06-09T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-06-09T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16764/galley/8491/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16781,
            "title": "Images in Emergency Medicine: Bilateral Cervical Spine Facet Fracture-Dislocation",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[WestJEM. 2009;10:19.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "facet"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cervical Spine"
                },
                {
                    "word": "c-spine"
                },
                {
                    "word": "locked"
                },
                {
                    "word": "spinal cord"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2g36k008",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Shanda",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Gomes",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Scott",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Rudkin",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Fong",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tsai",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Shahram",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Lotfipour",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-08-20T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-08-20T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16781/galley/8498/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16782,
            "title": "Images in Emergency Medicine: Cauda Equina Syndrome",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[WestJEM. 2009;10:20.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Neurology"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Cauda Equina"
                },
                {
                    "word": "MRI"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zr8k28f",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Joel",
                    "middle_name": "T",
                    "last_name": "Levis",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Kaiser Santa Clara Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-07-22T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-07-22T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16782/galley/8499/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16778,
            "title": "Images in Emergency Medicine: Periorbital Noise",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[WestJEM. 2009;10:18.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "carotid cavernous fistula"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8wq5m5zj",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Philippe",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Hantson",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques St Luc, Intensive Care, Brussels, Belgium",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Thierry",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Duprez",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques St Luc, Neuroradiology, Brussels, Belgium",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-02-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-02-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16778/galley/8497/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16803,
            "title": "Images in Emergency Medicine: Purpura Fulminans: A Cutaneous Marker of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[WestJEM. 2009;10:41.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "purpura fulminans"
                },
                {
                    "word": "disseminated intravascular coagulation"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86d2k7nb",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Sudip Kumar",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Ghosh",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "R.G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, India, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Debabrata",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Bandyopadhyay",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "R.G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, India, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Abhijit",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Dutta",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "R.G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, India, Department of Pediatric Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-07-04T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-07-04T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16803/galley/8511/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16817,
            "title": "Images in Emergency Medicine: Tension Pyothorax Causing Cardiac Arrest",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[WestJEM. 2009;10:61.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "tension"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Pyothorax"
                },
                {
                    "word": "cardiac arrest"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9h7032kt",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Terence",
                    "middle_name": "L",
                    "last_name": "Ahern",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Gregg",
                    "middle_name": "A",
                    "last_name": "Miller",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Harbor-UCLA, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-04-28T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-04-28T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16817/galley/8518/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16800,
            "title": "Incidence of Serious Bacterial Infections in Ex-premature Infants with a Postconceptional Age Less Than 48 Weeks Presenting to a Pediatric Emergency Department",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Objectives: Premature infants are at higher risk of developing serious bacterial infections (SBI). However, the incidence of SBI in ex-premature infants presenting to the emergency department (ED) remains undetermined. The objective of this study is to examine the incidence of SBI in ex-premature infants with a postconceptional age of less than 48 weeks presenting to a pediatric ED.\n\n\nMethods: A retrospective medical record review was conducted on 141 ex-premature infants with a postconceptional age of less than 48 weeks who had a full or partial septic work up completed in a pediatric ED between January 1, 1998 and March 31, 2005.\n\n\nResults: The overall median gestational age at birth was 35 weeks (IQR 33-36 week) and the overall median postconceptional age at ED presentation was 40 weeks (IQR 37-42 weeks). Thirteen (9.2%) infants were found to have a SBI. Five subjects had pneumonia, four with bacteremia, two with pyelonephritis, and two with a concomitant infection of meningitis/pneumonia and bacteremia/pyelonephritis.\n\n\nConclusion: The results of this study reveal that the incidence of SBI in ex-premature infants with a postconceptional age of less than 48 weeks is similar to in-term infants (9.2%) and is consistent with previously published incidence rates in-term infants (10%).\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:37-40.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "serious bacterial infection"
                },
                {
                    "word": "premature infants"
                },
                {
                    "word": "postconceptional age"
                },
                {
                    "word": "emergency department"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2r34r87h",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Nobuaki",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Inoue",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Tommy",
                    "middle_name": "Y.",
                    "last_name": "Kim",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Anne Marie",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Birkbeck-Garcia",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Department of Pediatrics",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Andrew",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Givner",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Desert Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "T. Kent",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Denmark",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-07-29T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-07-29T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16800/galley/8508/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16791,
            "title": "Influence of Assigned Reading on Senior Medical Student Clinical Performance",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Objective: This Institutional Review Board-approved, prospective, observational study compared the clinical performance of senior medical students in an emergency medicine (EM) clerkship using a clinical behavioral evaluation tool in which one group had mandatory, topic specific readings and the other did not.\n\n\nMethods: The study took place in an urban, tertiary referral center emergency department treating 43,000 patients annually and supporting medical student clerkships and an EM residency. The grades of two groups of senior medical students participating in an elective EM clerkship were compared. Those students during the 2002-2004 academic years were not assigned mandatory, topic-specific reading for the clerkship, while those during the 2004-2007 academic years were. The groups were compared on baseline demographic information, prior academic performance, and EM clerkship grade distributions using appropriate statistical techniques, including multinomial logistic regression, chi-square tests, and Fisher’s Exact tests.\n\n\nResults: The control and experimental groups each had 83 subjects and were similar in baseline characteristics, except for the control group performing better than the experimental group during the basic science training of medical school (years 1-2; p=0.01). The experimental group had statistically significant more members in the EM Interest Group (EMIG; p=0.0001) and more members who went on to match in an EM residency (p=0.0007). The difference in grade distributions between the control group and experimental group was not statistically significant (p=0.40). Of note, those student members of the EMIG (p=0.0005) and those later matching to an emergency medicine residency (p<0.0001) were more likely to earn a grade of “honors” for the clerkship.\n\n\nConclusion: The addition of uniform, topic-specific reading assignments to an EM senior medical student curriculum does not improve the overall clinical performance of those students as measured using a clinical behavioral evaluation tool.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:23-29.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Medical Curriculum"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Clinical Training"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/26q0t4jg",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Lance",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Hoffman",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Kristine",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Bott",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Susan",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Puumala",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Valerie",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Shostrom",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-06-24T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-06-24T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16791/galley/8503/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16796,
            "title": "Inter-Rater Reliability of Historical Data Collected by Non-Medical Research Assistants and Physicians in Patients with Acute Abdominal Pain",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Objectives: In many academic emergency departments (ED), physicians are asked to record clinical data for research that may be time consuming and distracting from patient care. We hypothesized that non-medical research assistants (RAs) could obtain historical information from patients with acute abdominal pain as accurately as physicians.\n\n\nMethods: Prospective comparative study conducted in an academic ED of 29 RAs to 32 resident physicians (RPs) to assess inter-rater reliability in obtaining historical information in abdominal pain patients. Historical features were independently recorded on standardized data forms by a RA and RP blinded to each others’ answers. Discrepancies were resolved by a third person (RA) who asked the patient to state the correct answer on a third questionnaire, constituting the “criterion standard.” Inter-rater reliability was assessed using kappa statistics (κ) and percent crude agreement (CrA).\n\n\nResults: Sixty-five patients were enrolled (mean age 43). Of 43 historical variables assessed, the median agreement was moderate (κ 0.59 [Interquartile range 0.37-0.69]; CrA 85.9%) and varied across data categories: initial pain location (κ 0.61 [0.59-0.73]; CrA 87.7%), current pain location (κ 0.60 [0.47-0.67]; CrA 82.8%), past medical history (κ 0.60 [0.48-0.74]; CrA 93.8%), associated symptoms (κ 0.38 [0.37-0.74]; CrA 87.7%), and aggravating/alleviating factors (κ 0.09 [-0.01-0.21]; CrA 61.5%). When there was disagreement between the RP and the RA, the RA more often agreed with the criterion standard (64% [55-71%]) than the RP (36% [29-45%]).\n\n\nConclusion: Non-medical research assistants who focus on clinical research are often more accurate than physicians, who may be distracted by patient care responsibilities, at obtaining historical information from ED patients with abdominal pain.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:30-36.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "abdominal pain"
                },
                {
                    "word": "inter-rater reliability"
                },
                {
                    "word": "emergency department"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4114498z",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Angela",
                    "middle_name": "M.",
                    "last_name": "Mills",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Anthony",
                    "middle_name": "J.",
                    "last_name": "Dean",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Frances",
                    "middle_name": "S.",
                    "last_name": "Shofer",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Judd",
                    "middle_name": "E.",
                    "last_name": "Hollander",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Christine",
                    "middle_name": "M.",
                    "last_name": "McCusker",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Michael",
                    "middle_name": "K.",
                    "last_name": "Keutmann",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Esther",
                    "middle_name": "H.",
                    "last_name": "Chen",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Pennsylvania, Department of Emergency Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-04-15T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-04-15T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16796/galley/8507/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16821,
            "title": "Legislative Update: Bailout Nation",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90x2g7fz",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Douglas",
                    "middle_name": "P",
                    "last_name": "Brosnan",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "California Chapter of the American College of Emergency Physicians, California Emergency Physicians America",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-01-07T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-01-07T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16821/galley/8521/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16813,
            "title": "Polycystic Kidney Disease with Renal Failure Presenting as Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia in the ED",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may present to the emergency department (ED) with vomiting, abdominal pain or hernias, renal insufficiency or failure, or bleeding from cerebral aneurysms. A 37-year-old man presented to the ED with signs and symptoms of incarcerated inguinal hernia. Laboratory studies showed renal failure with anion gap acidosis, and bedside ultrasound showed multicystic kidneys. Computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis. Emergency physicians should be aware of this common connective tissue defect and its serious associated conditions. [WestJEM. 2009;10:55-57]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "hernia"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Incarcerated"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Polycstic Kidney Disease"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5df86190",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Eric",
                    "middle_name": "F",
                    "last_name": "Silman",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, San Francisco",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Bharath",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Chakravarthy",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Loma Linda University",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Federico",
                    "middle_name": "E",
                    "last_name": "Vaca",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Mark",
                    "middle_name": "I",
                    "last_name": "Langdorf",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2007-11-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2007-11-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16813/galley/8515/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16819,
            "title": "President’s Message – The Right Change for the Right Reasons",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kk4z4z7",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Stuart",
                    "middle_name": "P",
                    "last_name": "Swadron",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Southern California",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-01-07T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-01-07T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16819/galley/8519/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16768,
            "title": "Second Impact Syndrome",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "A controversial term first described by Saunders and Harbaugh1 in 1984, Second Impact Syndrome (SIS) consists of two events. Typically, it involves an athlete suffering post-concussive symptoms following a head injury.2 If, within several weeks, the athlete returns to play and sustains a second head injury, diffuse cerebral swelling, brain herniation, and death can occur. SIS can occur with any two events involving head trauma. While rare, it is devastating in that young, healthy patients may die within a few minutes. Emergency physicians should be aware of this syndrome and counsel patients and their parents concerning when to allow an athlete to return to play. Furthermore, we present guidelines for appropriate follow up and evaluation by a specialist when necessary.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:6-10.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Second impact syndrome"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Concussion"
                },
                {
                    "word": "high impact sports"
                },
                {
                    "word": "computed tomography"
                },
                {
                    "word": "return to sports"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5x03f3tx",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Tareg",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Bey",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Irvine School of Medicine",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Brian",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Ostick",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Christiana Care Emergency Medicine, Newark, Delaware",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2007-10-06T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2007-10-06T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16768/galley/8493/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16789,
            "title": "The Colorado Compendium: An Article-Based Literature Review Program",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "The immense body of knowledge that emergency medicine (EM) encompasses is constantly growing and ever changing. Textbooks build a strong foundation for the EM resident, but journal articles critical for modifying and improving EM practices are equally important for a well-rounded education. Determining which journal articles are vital to an EM residency education is a challenge. Lacking a formalized list of key articles available to EM residents and realizing that a list of articles without a guide may be difficult and confusing for novice readers, we created the “Colorado Compendium”: a recommended reading list, limited to 100 articles with accompanying summaries, tailored to emergency medicine residents.\n\n\n[WestJEM. 2009;10:21-22.]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "education"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Evidence based medicine"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0rd463xw",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Jeffrey",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Druck",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "David",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Pearson",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Jonathan",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Claud",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Legacy Salmon Creek Hospital, Vancouver, Washington",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-06-11T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-06-11T15:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16789/galley/8502/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 16826,
            "title": "The Imperative to Support",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "none",
                "short_name": "none",
                "text": "",
                "url": "http://google.com"
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qf9k7w0",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Steven",
                    "middle_name": "C",
                    "last_name": "Gabaeff",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "CAL/AAEM Representative to the CAL/ACEP Board",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-01-22T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-01-22T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16826/galley/8522/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59573,
            "title": "Fighting Against the Invisible: The new weapons against chemical warfare",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43g9q12g",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Leana",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Nguyen",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59573/galley/45553/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59575,
            "title": "Interview with Edward C. Morse",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Interviews",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/383760g3",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Tiffany",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Horne",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Mike",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Moses",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Jennifer",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Yang",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Felicia",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Linn",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Stacy",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Hsueh",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Emily",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Fox",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59575/galley/45556/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59570,
            "title": "Legacy of a Bomb: The Manhattan Project’s Impact on the Scientific Community",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vf4d0xj",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Jany Huan",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Gao",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59570/galley/45551/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59571,
            "title": "Light Wars: The Bright Future of Laser Weapons",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2v1656tz",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Hemma",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Mistry",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59571/galley/45552/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59574,
            "title": "Network-centric Warfare and the Globalization of Technology: Transforming simple tools into dangerous weapons",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dn5j7gh",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Ann",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Oh",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59574/galley/45555/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59576,
            "title": "The Effects of Viewing Sexual Films on Memory Performance",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "This research aims to study contextual memory under different emotional stimuli. Participants were asked to watch films on mute. These films were pre-categorized as different emotions(happy, neutral, arousing, negative, and sexual). At the same time, they were presented with neutral words on an mp3 player auditorily. In the end, they were asked to recall as many words as possible. The words recalled were then matched with the scenes it belonged to and calculated for statistical significance. An ANOVA revealed statistical significance across films, most significantly when comparing negative to neutral films, and negative to sexual films. This suggests sexual stimulus can enhance memory performance.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Research",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31z2s6cm",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Emily",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tam",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59576/galley/45557/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 59569,
            "title": "Traumatic Brain Injury: The “Signature Injury” of the Iraq War",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hn8w1p8",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Tania",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Aftandilians",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2008-11-10T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-08T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_bsj/article/59569/galley/45550/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 43947,
            "title": "A 67-Year Old Male  with Obstructive Jaundice",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "eng",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Clinical Vignette"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Article",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0s007000",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Ifeoma",
                    "middle_name": "S.",
                    "last_name": "Izuchukwu",
                    "name_suffix": "MD",
                    "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles",
                    "department": "Medicine"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": null,
            "date_accepted": null,
            "date_published": "2009-01-07T02:49:12+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "PDF",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/43947/galley/32750/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45477,
            "title": "BOOK REVIEW: Amerika und die deutschsprachige Literatur nach 1848. Migration – kultureller Austausch – frühe Globalisierung, hrsg. von Christof Hamann, Ute Gerhard, und Walter Grünzweig",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Reviewed for TRANSIT by Hinrich C. Seeba.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4130n258",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Hinrich",
                    "middle_name": "C.",
                    "last_name": "Seeba",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45477/galley/34264/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45499,
            "title": "BOOK REVIEW: Sonderzeichen Europa, by Yoko Tawada and László Márton.",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Reviewed for TRANSIT by Kurt Beals",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sd7b0px",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Kurt",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Beals",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45499/galley/34285/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45540,
            "title": "BOOK REVIEW: The Naked Eye, by Yoko Tawada",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Reviewed for TRANSIT by Ashwin Manthripragada.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3823n7jn",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Ashwin",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Manthripragada",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2010-02-28T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2010-02-28T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45540/galley/34327/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45487,
            "title": "BOOK REVIEW: Tropical Zion: General Trujillo, FDR, and the Jews of Sosua, by Allen Wells",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Reviewed for TRANSIT by Yael Allweil.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "european"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Jewish studies"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25k7s9v6",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Yael",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Allweil",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of California, Berkeley",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45487/galley/34274/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45510,
            "title": "Criss-Crossing in Global Space and Time: Fatih Akın’s \nThe Edge of Heaven\n (2007)",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "In this essay, I argue that The Edge of Heaven constitutes a sophisticated and complex, and in part seemingly paradoxical, response to globalization. I suggest that the film captures the effects of globalization’s most pronounced characteristics. Transnational mobility, digital media, and the increased speed of transportation and information technology have changed narrative conventions, perception of time and space, and the structure of intimacy and familial relations. The film portrays the interconnected local belonging and global mobility characteristic of transnational culture and captures what geographer David Harvey has labeled the “time-space compression” of globalization, the result of increased speed of transportation and communication technologies.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Other Film and Media Studies"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Other German Language and Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28x3x9r0",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Barbara",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Mennel",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "University of Florida",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2010-02-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2010-02-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45510/galley/34297/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45462,
            "title": "Dejima and Huis Ten Bosch – Two Dutch Cities in Japan",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "The texts published here were originally presented together at the \"Imaginary Cities\" conference at Penn State University on April 13, 2007. They are being published here for the first time.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vv631q8",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Bettina",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Brandt",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Montclair State University",
                    "department": "None"
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Yoko",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tawada",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Translated from the German by Susan Bernofsky",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45462/galley/34249/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45425,
            "title": "Eastward\n: A Selection from the Forthcoming Novel",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "An excerpt from \nOstwärts\n, the novel-in-progress by Zafer Senocak, translated from the German by David Gramling. Published with the permission of the author.\n\n\nEditor's note: Unfortunately, our online publishing software does not allow the use of certain diacritics; there should be a cedilla under the \"S\" of \"Senocak.\"",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Eastward"
                },
                {
                    "word": "novel"
                },
                {
                    "word": "translation"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Zafer Senocak"
                },
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ns613v7",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Zafer",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Senocak",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Translated from the German by David Gramling",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-14T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-14T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45425/galley/34212/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45520,
            "title": "Encounters on a Street Corner: \nSommer vorm Balkon\n and the Return of the Berlin Film",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Sommer vorm Balkon has received critical acclaim for its director’s specific brand of low-key and crowd-pleasing realism. Praised have been also the film’s stylistic austerity and peculiar post-unification mix of various generic elements. At the same time, Sommer vorm Balkon can be considered a part of the venerable tradition of earlier Berlin films written by Wolfgang Kohlhaase, a tradition that this latest work draws from and reinvents. Instead of looking at the film exclusively as an example of the work of two auteurs, this paper analyzes it as a case of creative intervention into the historical interplay of place and cinema. This collaboration between the representatives of two different generations of filmmakers (Dresen and Kohlhaase) consciously transforms this Berlin film into an archive of urban memories – buried memories from preceding decades, cinematic memories, as well as memories that are now in the making.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Other Film and Media Studies"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Other German Language and Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23t4g25g",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Mila",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Ganeva",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Miami University of Ohio",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2010-02-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2010-02-27T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45520/galley/34307/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45444,
            "title": "\"Where Europe Begins\": A Selection from the Short Story",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "Excerpts from “Where Europe Begins,” published in \nWhere Europe Begins\n. Trans. Susan Bernofsky. New York: New Directions, 2002. These excerpts are reproduced here with the permission of the publisher.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ns880hg",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Yoko",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Tawada",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Translated from the German by Susan Bernofsky",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45444/galley/34230/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 45452,
            "title": "Zafer Senocak im Gespräch: Auszüge",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "The following interview with Zafer Senocak was conducted by Elke Segelcke in Berlin in July 2009. The passages published here are part of a longer interview that will appear in its entirety in \nSeminar\n in February 2010 (Vol. 46, No. 1); we are grateful to \nSeminar\n for permission to publish these excerpts. An additional excerpt will appear in \nGerman Quarterly\n in January 2010 (Vol. 83, No. 1).\n\n\nEditor’s note: Unfortunately, our online publishing software does not allow the use of certain diacritics; the cedilla under the S of Senocak appears correctly in the body of the article.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": null,
            "keywords": [
                {
                    "word": "Zafer Senocak"
                },
                {
                    "word": "German"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Turkish"
                },
                {
                    "word": "identity"
                },
                {
                    "word": "Literature"
                },
                {
                    "word": "German Literature"
                }
            ],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14b1g3dt",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Elke",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Segelcke",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "Illinois State University",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2009-11-16T16:00:00+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T16:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/transit/article/45452/galley/34239/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 57807,
            "title": "A Badge of Inferiority: One Law Student's Story of a Racially Hostile Educational Environment",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03j4d80q",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Kendra",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Fox-Davis",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2015-04-23T03:58:07+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2015-04-23T03:58:07+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_nblj/article/57807/galley/43984/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60646,
            "title": "A Colorado Perspective: The New Energy Economy",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q3706w7",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Jim",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Martin",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                },
                {
                    "first_name": "Ginny",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Brannon",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:39:20+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:39:20+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60646/galley/46611/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 57805,
            "title": "A Modest Proposal in Deference to Diversity",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rc8h1rk",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Christine",
                    "middle_name": "Chambers",
                    "last_name": "Goodman",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2015-04-23T03:53:06+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2015-04-23T03:53:06+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_nblj/article/57805/galley/43982/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60171,
            "title": "An Analog Solution in a Digital World: Providing Federal Copyright Protection for Pre-1972 Sound Recordings",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pb224r1",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Michael",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Erlinger, Jr.",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2015-04-25T13:35:49+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2015-04-25T13:35:49+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/60171/galley/46130/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 61197,
            "title": "Australian Efforts to Promote Corporate Social Responsibility: Can Disclosure Alone Suffice?",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "The importance of encouraging corporations to act in socially responsible ways is increasingly apparent in a world where the effects of economic, environmental and social misbehavior are not felt only by local communities. Australian corporations, like those elsewhere in the world, have occasionally acted irresponsibly, as three recent examples amply attest. Fortunately, these actions have met with public criticism and community pressure for the corporations to rectify their actions, with some degree of success. Recent developments in Australia attempt to assure that those Australian corporations listed on the Australian share market will in the future more fully consider the social consequences of their actions and will implement strategies to avoid the risks which such actions would present. Required disclosure of corporate practices and the resultant reaction to them should mean that Australian corporations will meet evolving community expectations that they act in socially responsible ways.",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c0633w3",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Paul",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "von Nessen",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2014-03-31T12:22:52+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2014-03-31T12:22:52+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61197/galley/47213/download/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61197/galley/47214/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60170,
            "title": "Branding as an Antidote to Indecency Regulation",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nq191ww",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Kristin",
                    "middle_name": "L.",
                    "last_name": "Rakowski",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2015-04-25T13:30:03+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2015-04-25T13:30:03+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/60170/galley/46129/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60642,
            "title": "California's Climate Change Program: Lessons for the Nation",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tr3k4xp",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Mary",
                    "middle_name": "D.",
                    "last_name": "Nichols",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:35:56+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:35:56+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60642/galley/46607/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60181,
            "title": "Can the First Amendment Stop Content Restriction in State Film Incentive Programs?",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Comments",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xr556wj",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Scott",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Ahmad",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2015-04-25T13:49:50+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2015-04-25T13:49:50+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_elr/article/60181/galley/46140/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60637,
            "title": "Captain Planet Takes on Hazard Transfer: Combining the Forces of Market, Legal and Ethical Decisionmaking to Reduce Toxic Exports",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nr6c7k8",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Andrea",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Giampetro-Meyer",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:30:30+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:30:30+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60637/galley/46602/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60643,
            "title": "Challenges and Opportunities for Regulating Greenhouse Gas Emissions at the State, Regional and Local Level",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25b7683k",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Jim",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Doyle",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:36:36+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:36:36+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60643/galley/46608/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 34715,
            "title": "Chicanas, Chicanos and Food Glorious Food",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9cn5828w",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Guadalupe",
                    "middle_name": "T.",
                    "last_name": "Luna",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2014-01-10T14:55:29+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2014-01-10T14:55:29+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_cllr/article/34715/galley/25842/download/"
                },
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_cllr/article/34715/galley/25843/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60649,
            "title": "Climate Change Action in Arizona",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kn2m70d",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Steve",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Owens",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:42:58+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:42:58+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60649/galley/46614/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60647,
            "title": "Climate Change Action in Connecticut: Linking Energy, the Environment and the Economy",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5825c1r5",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "Paul",
                    "middle_name": "E.",
                    "last_name": "Farrell",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:40:11+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:40:11+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60647/galley/46612/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 60651,
            "title": "Constitutional Implications of Regional CO2 Cap-and-Trade Programs: The Northeast Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative as a Case in Point",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Articles",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rz3923g",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "William",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "Funk",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": ""
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2013-09-12T13:47:17+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2013-09-12T13:47:17+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
            "galleys": [
                {
                    "label": "",
                    "type": "pdf",
                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_jelp/article/60651/galley/46616/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "pk": 34712,
            "title": "Contents",
            "subtitle": null,
            "abstract": "[No abstract]",
            "language": "en",
            "license": {
                "name": "",
                "short_name": "",
                "text": null,
                "url": ""
            },
            "keywords": [],
            "section": "Front Matter",
            "is_remote": true,
            "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46x6x1fq",
            "frozenauthors": [
                {
                    "first_name": "[No author]",
                    "middle_name": "",
                    "last_name": "CLLR",
                    "name_suffix": "",
                    "institution": "",
                    "department": "None"
                }
            ],
            "date_submitted": "2014-01-10T14:51:26+08:00",
            "date_accepted": "2014-01-10T14:51:26+08:00",
            "date_published": "2009-01-01T08:00:00+08:00",
            "render_galley": null,
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                    "label": "",
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                    "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_cllr/article/34712/galley/25837/download/"
                }
            ]
        },
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