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{ "count": 39481, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=3200", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=3000", "results": [ { "pk": 50330, "title": "Listener Trade-Offs between Acoustics and Semantics in Noisy Speech", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding speech demands integration of various kinds of information over time. Previous research has shown that listeners can use both semantic and acoustic cues to understand spoken words (Bushong, 2024) and that listeners can dynamically reweight different acoustic cues relative to each other (Kapatsinski, 2024); but it is unclear if listeners are able to readjust the relative contributions of semantic and acoustic cues depending on the current context (e.g. adverse listening conditions). The current study manipulates the acoustics of a target word, a semantic cue (sentential context), and the location of the semantic cue relative to the target word. Additionally, we manipulate the level of noise in the utterance and the location of that noise (full utterance vs. target word). Noise reduces listeners' ability to use acoustic cues for spoken word recognition and as local noise increases, semantic context is up-weighted. However, as global noise increases, semantic context is also down-weighted.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language Comprehension; Perception; Phonology" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kp845sd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Westwig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wellesley College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wednesday", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bushong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wellesley College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoolim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wellesley College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50330/galley/38292/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50232, "title": "Listening-Related Fatigue and Cognitive Effort in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Bilinguals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Listening-related fatigue is a well-documented challenge for deaf/hard-of-hearing (DHH) people who rely on amplification devices and speechreading to access spoken language (Holman & Hornsby, 2020). While previous research has attributed fatigue to effortful auditory processing, it has largely overlooked the cognitive demands of bilingual DHH individuals who navigate both spoken and signed languages. This study examines the role of bilingual language experience in mitigating cognitive fatigue. Using survey data from 200 DHH adults, we found that greater reliance on English and speechreading correlated with increased fatigue, while higher use and proficiency in American Sign Language (ASL) was associated with reduced fatigue and improved communication well-being. Principal Component Analysis revealed distinct cognitive and social fatigue factors, highlighting the role of modality flexibility in cognitive load management. These findings suggest that sign language use may serve as a protective factor against cognitive exhaustion, informing models of multimodal bilingualism and cognitive effort.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Audition; Behavioral Science; Cognitive architectures; Language Comprehension; Sensory Processing" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6sp319kw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sehyr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chapman University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michaela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kihntopf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rochester Institute of Technology/ National Technical Institute for the Deaf", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Hughes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Birmingham", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rain", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Bosworth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rochester Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50232/galley/38194/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49823, "title": "LLM-Generated Semantic Networks Predict Semantic Priming Effects on Human Reaction Times in a Word-Recognition Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A well-known empirical result in human linguistic processing finds that humans are quicker to correctly recognize a string of letters as word when they are first shown a word that is semantically related to the word they must recognize. This is known as the \"semantic priming effect.\" Since Collins and Loftus (1975), it has been widely theorized that this effect is due to graphical storage of words in memory and a \"spreading activation\" model of priming. On this theory, words are related to one another in human semantic memory via a graphical structure encoding semantic relationships between words, with participants more likely to quickly recognize a word when they are primed with one that is graphically nearby; the prime word \"activates\" the node of a participant's semantic memory network representing the prime word and this activation \"spreads\" to words at nearby nodes. Today, large language models increasingly excel at generating structured data representations, like graphs, when prompted to do so (Ghanem & Cruz, 2024; Dagdelen et al., 2024). In the current paper we investigate whether a language model can be prompted to represent a set of words as a semantic graph, and whether human reaction times in a word recognition task are predicted by the minimum path length between words in such an LLM-generated semantic graph. Using two versions of the Gemini language model, we use a prompting strategy to generate semantic graphs relating all words used in a large semantic priming experiment conducted by Hutchinson et al. (2013), under a variety of different temperatures and settings for the number of maximum output tokens. While we find that all LLM-generated semantic graphs produced during our experiments are such that the minimum path length between two words predicts the reaction time in which a person primed by one word recognizes the other, this effect is most pronounced for graphs generated via a smaller version of the model. It is under these conditions, we find, that LLMs produce the dense graphs that are more predictive of human semantic priming effects in lexical decision tasks.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Psychology; Natural Language Processing; Semantic memory; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7978p7t3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Kinney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University in St. Louis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49823/galley/37785/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50135, "title": "LLMs have \"mental\" models: Latent world models in LLM network weights can be inferred from output layer tokens at inference", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Do large language models (LLMs) construct and manipulate internal \"mental models\" of physical systems, or do they rely solely on statistical associations represented as output layer token probabilities learned from data? We adapt cognitive science methodologies from human mental models research, testing LLMs on pulley system problems using TiKZ-rendered stimuli. Study 1 examines whether LLMs can estimate mechanical advantage (MA) while distinguishing relevant from irrelevant system components, and disregarding distractor elements. We found that contemporaneous state-of-the-art models performed marginally but significantly above chance when exact estimate-label matches were required, and that their estimates correlate significantly with ground-truth MA. Crucially, tested models selectively attended to meaningful variables (e.g., number of ropes and pulleys) while ignoring system features that are irrelevant to MA (rope diameter, pulley diameter, ceiling height). Study 2 extends this by investigating the extent to which LLMs may internally represent gestalt system features, which are crucial to estimating MA: LLMs evaluated a functionally connected pulley system against a \"fake\" system comprising unconnected components. Without explicit cues that one system was non-functional, models correctly identified the connected system as having greater MA with an average accuracy of 84%. However, their explanations failed to acknowledge the fundamental distinction between connected and unconnected systems, instead relying on post hoc rationalizations over false premises (e.g., assuming both systems were connected and inferring MA from supporting ropes). This suggests that while LLMs manipulate internal \"world models\" analogous to human mental models, these may be conceptually uncoupled from explicit reasoning at the output layer. These findings provide evidence that LLMs may construct latent world models that inform token probabilities, challenging the notion that they are \"only\" next-token predictors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Psychology; Cognitive architectures; Intelligent agents; Machine learning; Natural Language Processing; Neural Networks; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5m30v33r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Robertson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phillip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wolff", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50135/galley/38097/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49243, "title": "LLMs Struggle to Reject False Presuppositions when Misinformation Stakes are High", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper examines how LLMs handle false presuppositions and whether certain linguistic factors influence their responses to falsely presupposed content.\n\nPresuppositions subtly introduce information as given, making them highly effective at embedding disputable or false information. This raises concerns about whether LLMs, like humans, may fail to detect and correct misleading assumptions introduced as false presuppositions, even when the stakes of misinformation are high.\n\nUsing a systematic approach based on linguistic presupposition analysis, we investigate the conditions under which LLMs are more or less sensitive to adopt or reject false presuppositions. Focusing on political contexts, we examine how factors like linguistic construction, political party, and scenario probability impact the recognition of false presuppositions. We conduct experiments with a newly created dataset and examine three LLMs: OpenAI's GPT-4-o, Meta's LLama-3-8B, and MistralAI's Mistral-7B-v03. \nOur results show that the models struggle to recognize false presuppositions, with performance varying by condition. \nThis study highlights that linguistic presupposition analysis is a valuable tool for uncovering the reinforcement of political misinformation in LLM responses.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Interactive behavior; Language understanding; Pragmatics; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4932r1hx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sieker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bielefeld University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Clara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lachenmaier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bielefeld University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zarrie§", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bielefeld", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49243/galley/37204/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49243/galley/38749/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49856, "title": "Locating strongly informative utterances in conversation using multimodal cues", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Interaction theories argue that mutual understanding between\nspeakers in natural conversations arises from building shared\nknowledge (common ground), but no model specifies what\ninformation is retained or under what conditions. Previous\nstudies have used Information Theory metrics to quantify the\ndynamics of information exchanged between participants but\nlack an efficient way to identify which information becomes\ncommon ground. These attempts furthermore limited them-\nselves to the study of conversation transcripts, overlooking\nnonverbal cues like visuals and intonation. To address this,\nwe propose a method for annotating new corpora using models\ntrained on a subset of annotated utterances. Results show a fair\napplicability (κ ≃0.3) across corpora, though this is strongly\nmodulated by the conversational task being investigated.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Discourse; Natural Language Processing; Computer-based experiment; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2k16f7qf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eliot", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ma‘s", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Philippe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Blache", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ILCB", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Leonor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Becerra-Bonache", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49856/galley/37818/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49144, "title": "Longitudinal stability of the effect of depression on social decision-making", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Depression affects everyday decision-making, yet it remains unclear if such effects depend on the decision context or fluctuate over time. In this repeated-measures study, online participants completed a social exchange task (ultimatum game) and a non-social reversal learning task at baseline (n=236) and 1-month later (n=131). Mood symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory and the Positive Valence System Scale. Psychiatric symptoms were stable over time, and dropout was unrelated to symptom severity. Mixed-effects regression revealed consistent behavioral effects of depressive symptoms—while controlling for anhedonia—across time points. Specifically, greater depressive severity predicted slower reaction times and reduced acceptance of unfair offers in the ultimatum game. An interaction between depressive and anhedonic symptoms on mood ratings emerged at baseline but did not replicate at follow-up. There were no consistent significant effects of depression on the non-social reversal learning task across time points. These findings highlight the longitudinal stability of depressive symptoms on social decision-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xm705zk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Qi Xiu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Blair", "middle_name": "R K", "last_name": "Shevlin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arianna", "middle_name": "Neal", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shawn", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Rhoads", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kaustubh", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Kulkarni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Helen", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Mayberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "icahn school of medicine mount sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaosi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49144/galley/37105/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49144/galley/38650/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50023, "title": "Long-Term Cognitive Trajectory Prediction in a Chinese Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults Using Causal Machine Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As global life expectancy increases, cognitive impairment and dementia are becoming increasingly common. With limited effective treatments available, early identification of cognitive decline markers is essential for timely intervention. While many studies focus on predicting cognitive impairment, forecasting the trajectory of cognitive development offers greater foresight, enabling interventions even before diagnostic thresholds are reached. This study identifies 10 key determinants of cognitive trajectories and introduces a novel 2-stage model, CoTTA (Cognitive Trajectory Tracking Algorithm). CoTTA integrates causal inference with predictive modeling to forecast cognitive trajectories using data from 9,345 participants aged 50–80 at baseline year from CHARLS, a nationally representative sample of middle-aged and older Chinese adults. By leveraging causal features, CoTTA predicts the risk of consistently low cognitive function over an 8-year period, outperforming baseline models, particularly in recall and F1 score. This approach offers a scalable solution for early intervention and long-term cognitive health management.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Causal reasoning; Cognitive architectures; Cognitive development; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/242259t0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Linna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xinyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haoyue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ziliang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Li", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50023/galley/37985/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49920, "title": "Looking beyond parental reports: systematic biases in early word recognition assessment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study examines convergence between parental reports and behavioral measures in assessing early word knowledge of twenty-eight 14-month-old Korean infants. We compared infants' word recognition patterns with parental reports using full and shorter versions of the Korean MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MCDI-K). Our analyses revealed three key patterns. First, while parents showed consistent judgment between the full CDI and the target-word checklist, the checklist demonstrated better convergence with eye-tracking measures, which accounted for baseline looking biases. Second, parents' reporting accuracy varied systematically with item difficulty: for early-acquired words, parents showed higher agreement with eye-tracking than for later-acquired words. Third, exploratory analyses suggested a possible asymmetry in word category recognition, with infants showing stronger recognition of nouns than verbs in the eye-tracking task, contrasting with more balanced verb-noun knowledge in parental reports. These findings show that assessment methods capture different aspects of early word knowledge.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Language acquisition; Language Comprehension; Eye tracking; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7511s972", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jun Ho", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sunway University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Margarethe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McDonald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eon-Suk", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chosun University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49920/galley/37882/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49340, "title": "Looping towards certainty: The role of flight loops in homing pigeon navigation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Homing pigeons develop more efficient routes over repeated flights from a given location, but many open questions remain regarding the mechanisms behind this ability. This study examines the role of flight loops in navigation—instances where pigeons circle at specific locations during their homeward journeys. While loops are a source of navigational inefficiency, their navigational utility, if any, has not been studied. We adopt a data-driven approach to test hypotheses about looping on a GPS dataset of pigeons homing from a novel release site. We found that looping decreases with experience, with birds performing fewer and shorter loops with repeated releases. Less efficient navigators exhibited significantly more looping behavior. Our analysis revealed that directional uncertainty tends to decrease after loops compared to before, suggesting that loops may be an information-gathering mechanism. Additionally, locations where pigeons performed loops were more likely to be revisited in subsequent flights, indicating these sites might correspond to important and/or salient landmarks. Together, these findings illuminate the extent to which looping is not a purely stochastic navigational event, but a deliberate strategy.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Biology; Animal cognition; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zm2v585", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rithwik John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cherian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "T. Florian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jaeger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dora", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Biro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49340/galley/37301/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49317, "title": "Low Power Constrains the Space of Narratives Available to Speakers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How does power shape communicative freedom? During communication, speakers often balance multiple competing goals—such as being informative versus preserving their reputation. Across four experiments (N=~1400), we examined how the power relation between speakers and listeners affects narrative production in the face of conflicting informational and reputational goals. Participants imagined having to confess about a minor wrongdoing and were assigned to low, equal, or high power roles (an employee speaking to a supervisor, co-worker, or intern). Low power speakers were more likely to prioritize informativeness and believability. Importantly, the open-ended narratives they provided were more homogenous than those of high or equal power narrators, suggesting that power restricts the range of utterance choices considered. Speakers' ratings of pre-written narratives indicated that power may additionally affect how speakers evaluate the believability of different utterance choices.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Philosophy; Psychology; Language Production; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28w9j53d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Judy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Molly", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Crockett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49317/galley/37278/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50105, "title": "M2TQA:A Metacognitive Framework for Multi-Table Question Answering", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A Metacognitive Framework for Multi-Table Question Answering\nProcessing structured data is critical in finance, healthcare, and science. While single-table question answering has advanced, multi-table QA remains challenging due to schema understanding, cross-table reasoning, and complex natural language queries. We propose M2TQA , a novel framework inspired by human cognitive and metacognitive mechanisms. M2TQA integrates metadata extraction, query decomposition, and a metacognitive module to enable interpretable, robust solutions for MTQA. It dynamically simulates human-like reasoning through feedback loops, bridging gaps between natural language understanding and structured data processing. Experiments on four benchmarks show M2TQA outperforms baselines by 94.54% and 33.24% in F1 scores. This work advances MTQA and highlights metacognition's role in AI, fostering interdisciplinary connections between cognitive science and artificial intelligence.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Cognitive architectures; Problem Solving; Agent-based Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3gg5v1zh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jinlong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuhua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kejia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Qiyuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yanfang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mengmeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xianglong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xinhai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50105/galley/38067/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49316, "title": "Making Sense of Nonsense", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Some impossible things are more impossible than others. Magically levitating a feather seems easier than levitating a rock, even though both are impossible in the real world. But within the things that are inconceivable---e.g., \"the number 13 writing a play\" or \"a girl being a prime number\"---are some things more inconceivable than others? We first established that people have graded, systematic judgements of the likelihood of inconceivable and nonsense sentences (Experiment 1). We then examined two hypotheses as to how people make such judgments: the ease of a metaphorical interpretation (Experiment 2), and how difficult it is to transform a nonsense statement into a sensible one, as measured by distance in a type hierarchy (Experiment 3). We found that graded judgments of inconceivability are not captured by metaphorizability, but do correspond to a measure of distance in a type hierarchy. Our results suggest that inconceivability is graded, and the perceived likelihood of an inconceivable event may be a product of one's ontology of the world.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Event cognition; Reasoning; Representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dw018f7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Felix", "middle_name": "Anthony", "last_name": "Sosa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tomer D.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ullman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49316/galley/37277/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50073, "title": "Mamba-CCA: An Efficient Framework for EEG Emotion Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Emotion recognition from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is critical for applications in mental health, human-computer interaction, and adaptive systems. However, existing methods struggle with modeling long-term dependencies and addressing the ambiguity between emotion classes. To address these challenges, we propose Mamba-CCA, a novel framework that combines Selective State Space Modeling (SSM) with a Class Confusion-Aware Attention (CCA) mechanism. Mamba-CCA leverages the efficiency of Mamba's linear-time modeling to capture both local and global temporal features in EEG signals while significantly reducing computational costs. The CCA mechanism further enhances classification by dynamically resolving ambiguities between emotional classes. Experimental results on the SEED and SEED-V datasets demonstrate that Mamba-CCA achieves state-of-the-art classification accuracies of 96.02% and 83.54%, respectively, surpassing the previous best model, CSET-CCA, by 0.84% and 1.48%. Additionally, Mamba-CCA reduces inference time by 20.12% and computational cost by 21%, making it highly suitable for real-time applications.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Emotion Perception; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ct04761", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zichen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Song", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lanzhou University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuxin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LANZHOU UNIVERSITY", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50073/galley/38035/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49360, "title": "MAM-GAN: Multimodal association modeling based on generative adversarial networks for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly heritable neurodegenerative disease, and brain imaging genetics (BIG) has become a key area for understanding its pathogenesis. However, existing methods often ignore the complex interrelationships between the multiple factors that lead to AD, especially when exploring the intrinsic connection between brain imaging features and gene variation. To address this challenge, we proposed a multimodal association modeling framework (MAM-GAN) based on generative adversarial networks, which aims to deeply reveal the association between genes and brain imaging features and apply it to disease state prediction. To verify the effectiveness of the framework, we conducted experiments using public datasets, and the results showed that MAM-GAN performed well in two classification tasks and successfully identified biomarkers closely related to AD.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Biology; Cognitive Neuroscience; Development; Pattern recognition; fMRI" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ds7k9bs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Binsong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49360/galley/37321/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49736, "title": "Mandarin-Speaking Late Talkers and Gesture Production at 24 Months", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We studied gesture and language production in 21 Mandarin-speaking late talkers at 24 months of age and compared them with 28 age-matched typically developing children to determine their gestural and cross-modal communicative abilities. Spontaneous cross-modal data were collected during naturalistic mother-child interactions. Results from the Words and Sentences survey of the MCDI-T showed that late talkers had underdeveloped vocabulary and grammatical complexity. Nonetheless, their gestural competence was intact and comparable to that of typically developing children. Both groups demonstrated similar patterns in using declarative pointing, imperative pointing, showing, giving, representational, and conventional gestures to achieve communicative goals. Among these, declarative pointing was the most common for establishing joint attention and sharing interests or information with the addressee. Although late talkers were capable of reinforcing, clarifying, and supplementing speech with gestures, they did so less frequently than their typically developing peers. In sum, late talkers used gestures effectively to support communication; however, they showed limitations in integrating varied information for cross-modal communication.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Language Production; Gesture analysis; Quantitative Behavior; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/10w9v6g6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kawai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Chengchi University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Huei-Mei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Taiwan Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Feng-Ming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Taiwan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chan-Tat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Chengchi University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49736/galley/37698/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49694, "title": "Manipulating Predictive Focus Improves the Taste Appreciation of Coffee", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Predictive processing plays a fundamental role in perception and decision-making. However, prediction can sometimes undermine our accurate evaluation of perceptual information. This study aimed to demonstrate this undermining effect in taste appreciation for everyday scenarios and to improve appreciation through targeted manipulations of predictive focus. We conducted cognitive experiments in which participants evaluated high-quality coffee with unusual flavors. We hypothesized that the initial appreciation would be low because of the coffee's unusual flavors, resulting in negative prediction errors. However, by directing the predictive focus toward specific taste features through instructions, we expected to observe an improvement in their appreciation. Our results support this hypothesis, suggesting that manipulating predictive focus can improve taste appreciation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Perception; Predictive Processing; cognitive neuropsychology" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pd007sh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chiyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Maeda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Osaka University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Toshimasa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yagi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ALTALENA Co. Ltd.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Satoshi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nishida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Institute of Information and Communications Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49694/galley/37656/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50296, "title": "Man or Machine: Evaluations of Human and Machine-Generated Movie Reviews", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent advances in generative language models, such as ChatGPT have demonstrated an uncanny ability to produce texts that appear to be comparable to those produced by humans. Nevertheless, machine generated texts differ from those produced by humans in important aspects, such as routinely including references to nonexistent sources. In this paper, we use both psycholinguistic measurements and participant responses to compare texts generated by machine with equivalent texts generated by humans. Our analysis demonstrates some of the ways in which machine-generated texts differ from human-generated ones in both style (e.g., increased use of positive connectives) and content (e.g., increased confidence). We also note multiple ways in which texts generated by these models are similar to those generated by humans (e.g., their use of emotion words). We believe this research provides insights that can be useful to understanding how language is generated by both humans and machines.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Discourse; Language understanding; Natural Language Processing" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qt2s57r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eyal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sagi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of St. Francis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hadar", "middle_name": "Yoana", "last_name": "Jabotinsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Interdisciplinary Research of Financial Markets, Crisis and Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50296/galley/38258/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49165, "title": "Mapping Acoustic Cues to Pragmatic Functions: Perceptual Cue Weighting of Prosodic Focus in Mandarin", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding how multiple acoustic dimensions are mapped onto linguistic representations is important in speech perception. This study explores how native Mandarin listeners process the communicative intentions of prosodic focus by examining the perceptual weightings of F0, duration, and intensity. Using a Visual World Paradigm, thirty native Mandarin participants listened to re-synthesized audio stimuli and responded to broad-focus or narrow-focus options. Results showed that the acoustic cues significantly influenced focus interpretation, with a greater reliance on F0 than intensity and duration. Eye-tracking data revealed perceptual divergence in the F0 condition, with the divergence of looks occurring at an earlier time window for acoustic processing and later for pragmatic processing. These findings suggest that native listeners effectively map acoustic variations to communicative demands, emphasizing the critical role of F0. The study highlights the temporal dynamics of interpreting prosodic focus, offering insights into language comprehension.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0pq6b6d2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wenxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Hong Kong Polytechnic University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yu-Yin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Hong Kong Polytechnic University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49165/galley/37126/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49165/galley/38671/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49518, "title": "Mapping between Telicity and Event Representations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How does linguistic telicity map onto mental representations of events? Recent work suggests considerable flexibility in how people mentally represent temporal event structure, yet we know little about how linguistic cues modulate these representations. We investigated how different forms of quantization correspond to event construal using a novel experimental paradigm that bridges event perception and linguistic processing. Participants first learned to distinguish bounded from unbounded events, then categorized sentences varying in quantization strength. Our results revealed a systematic relationship between linguistic form and event representation: strongly quantized expressions (\"drink one beer\") reliably corresponded to bounded event construal and activity descriptions (\"did some writing\") to unbounded interpretations, while bare plurals (\"drink beers\") showed genuine flexibility in interpretation. This graded pattern indicates that temporal boundedness in cognition operates along a continuum, with linguistic cues providing weighted probabilistic constraints on event representations. The findings demonstrate how different linguistic forms correspond to varying degrees of flexibility in event understanding, contributing to our knowledge of how language interfaces with event cognition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Event cognition; Language and thought; Language Comprehension" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61w39956", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ugurcan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vurgun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ji", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Papafragou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Unversity of Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49518/galley/37480/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49406, "title": "Mapping Communication Disruption in Traumatic Brain Injury with Transformer Embeddings", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent advances in computational modeling have expanded our capacity to analyze language and communication, particularly through transformer models. The present work investigates how such computational frameworks can be leveraged to address clinical domains in communication disorders. We used semantic embeddings from BERT's layers to analyze language-related adjustments used by participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in conversational transcripts. By examining semantic convergence patterns across different layers of the BERT model, we found that TBI participants demonstrated more pronounced \"self\" convergence -- they tended to stay closer to their own semantic contributions in the conversation -- compared to controls. This effect was particularly noticeable at earlier layers of the BERT model, suggesting that surface-level semantics play a significant role. The findings highlight the potential for language models to enhance our understanding of social interaction dynamics. We further discuss how bridging computational linguistics with clinical domains can address analytic challenges in the study of natural cognition and communication.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Psychology; Sociology; Discourse; Interactive behavior; Machine learning; Case studies; Clinical methods; Computational Modeling; Dynamic Systems Modeling; Q" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6m1489p8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zachary", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Rosen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49406/galley/37368/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50284, "title": "Maternal Input Quality and Its Impact on Late Talkers' Syntax and Lexical Development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Late talkers are children with fewer than 50 words and no two-word combinations by age 2. While some late talkers catch up with typically developing peers, others remain susceptible to developmental language disorders and language-related academic challenges throughout school years. Although maternal input plays a crucial role in language development, its impact on late talkers remains underexplored. This study examines how maternal input quality affects late talkers' lexical diversity and productive syntax, utilizing conversational data from Ellis Weismer's (2007) corpus in CHILDES (MacWhinney, 2000). We analyzed 76 mother-child samples from 38 late talkers (ages 2;6–3;6) in CLAN, assessing lexical diversity with lexical D, productive syntax with IPSyn, and maternal input quality with MLU, lexical D, and IPSyn. Linear regression models indicate that maternal input quality contributes to late talkers' syntactic development but negatively affects their lexical diversity. These findings underscore the complex nature of maternal input in late talkers' language development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Development; Interactive behavior; Language acquisition; Language Production; Corpus studies; Developmental analysis" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18x6w2qm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Xuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50284/galley/38246/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50281, "title": "Mathematics as visual skill: Evidence from eye movements during algebraic reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Algebra is powerful but difficult. It requires reasoning about abstract relations among symbolic variables. How do we do it? On one account, algebraic expertise is a kind of visual expertise: Experts learn to deploy their attention in ways that reflect the equation's hierarchical structure. Here, we tested this account by tracking participants' eye movements while they viewed algebraic expressions. On Algebra trials, participants judged the algebraic equivalence of two expressions. On Search trials, participants viewed the same expressions but had to verify the location of letters, a non-algebraic task. Despite viewing identical visual displays on both tasks, participants shifted their gaze in systematically different ways. When interacting with the expressions algebraically, participants' eye movements reflected the expression's algebraic structure. Despite algebra's abstractness, its practice may depend on the embodied skill of shifting one's gaze in strategic ways. This perspective can inform mathematics education and theories of abstract reasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Problem Solving; Reasoning; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fj169hz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Saloni", "middle_name": "Sameer", "last_name": "Naik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Merced", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ryskin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Merced", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marghetis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Merced", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50281/galley/38243/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49357, "title": "Maybe She'll Say Yes: How Young Learners Acquire and Apply Knowledge about Inconsistent Causal Relationships from Different Domains", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Children are adept at learning the principles and properties governing their environment. However, this environment is often highly inconsistent: causes do not always bring about their effects; people do not always act according to their preferences. Past research shows that young causal learners readily reason from probabilistic evidence, but little is known as to how they reason about that evidence. This study presented preschoolers (N=114) with the behavior of three different causes—one consistently effective, one consistently ineffective, and one inconsistent—from one of three domains (social, mechanical, biological) and asked children to predict the future behavior of each. Children's predictions not only captured the different degrees of inconsistency observed in the evidence but also reflected differences in prior knowledge and expectations about inconsistency between domains. These results offer a novel, more nuanced look into early causal cognition and often-overlooked complexities of causal learning and reasoning in the real world.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Cognitive development; Concepts and categories; Learning; Reasoning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79j7p447", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lapidow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Denison", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49357/galley/37318/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49147, "title": "Meaning adaptation in the discourse dynamics of imprecision", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Speakers often communicate imprecisely, using expressions that are strictly speaking false yet felicitous. The degree to which imprecision is tolerated in discourse is governed by the Standard of Precision (SoP). While it is known that contextual factors can modulate the SoP, less is known about the discourse dynamics of imprecision. Previous accounts have claimed that implicit negotiations of the SoP are unidirectional: they only work upward, not downward. Here, we investigated whether parallel asymmetries arise when comprehenders adapt their SoPs in response to an interlocutor's precision preferences. Results show bidirectional SoP adaptation effects: exposure to lower standards increased tolerance for imprecision, while exposure to higher standards reinforced stricter thresholds. These updates persisted beyond the dialogue, suggesting that exposure to (im)precise speakers modulates not only interpretations within a discourse, but also beyond the conversation. More broadly, our study provides a novel framework for studying real-time dynamic meaning negotiations during conversation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6r9914v5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yifan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cornell University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Helena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aparicio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cornell University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49147/galley/37108/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49147/galley/38653/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49830, "title": "Measuring and predicting variation in the difficulty of questions about data visualizations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding what is communicated by data visualizations is a critical component of scientific literacy in the modern era. However, it remains unclear why some tasks involving data visualizations are more difficult than others. Here we administered a composite test composed of five widely used tests of data visualization literacy to a large sample of U.S. adults (N=503 participants). We found that items in the composite test spanned the full range of possible difficulty levels, and that our estimates of item-level difficulty were highly reliable. However, the type of data visualization shown and the type of task involved only explained a modest amount of variation in performance across items, relative to the reliability of the estimates we obtained. These results highlight the need for finer-grained ways of characterizing these items that predict the reliable variation in difficulty measured in this study, and that generalize to other tests of data visualization understanding.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Reasoning; Spatial cognition; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s10354p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arnav", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49830/galley/37792/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50025, "title": "Measuring Belief Expectancy Violations in Psychotherapy with EEG", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In psychological counseling, how individuals respond to statements that align with or contradict their personal beliefs can significantly influence therapeutic engagement and outcomes. While prior research has investigated belief processing in decision-making and judgment, its neural underpinnings in therapeutic contexts remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by using electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the neural correlates of belief expectancy violations, focusing on the N400 event-related potential (ERP) component. In an experimental paradigm simulating counselor–patient interactions, participants were presented with statements that either confirmed or contradicted their preexisting beliefs. Our results show that belief-incongruent statements elicited significantly larger N400 amplitudes compared to belief-congruent ones. These findings suggest that the N400 may serve as a neural marker of belief expectancy violations in counseling-relevant contexts. This work advances our understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying belief processing in psychotherapy and highlights the potential of EEG-based measures in informing future psychotherapeutic approaches.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Predictive Processing; Semantic memory; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0m2975hh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yangyulin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Avinash", "middle_name": "Kumar", "last_name": "Singh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Technology Sydney", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Australian National University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50025/galley/37987/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50416, "title": "Measuring sustained attention across timescales to predict learning in real-world environments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How well students learn depends on their ability to sustain attention. However, it is currently unclear how to measure sustained attention in the classroom and relate those underlying attentional dynamics to academic engagement and performance. Here we leverage a suite of sustained attention instruments to explore how individual differences in sustained attention account for differences in learning outcomes in a university STEM course (N=248). We found that a student's ability to sustain attention predicted their subsequent academic achievement in the course. Sustaining attention was also associated with STEM-related stress, anxiety, and students' confidence in their ability to learn the course material. We are additionally exploring interaction logs from the digital textbook students used to investigate the mechanisms linking sustained attention to subsequent achievement. Together, these findings highlight the promise of studying attention and learning across timescales to advance mechanistic understanding of human cognition in real-world environments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Instruction and teaching; Learning; Classroom studies" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2827c707", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shawn", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Schwartz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50416/galley/38378/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50398, "title": "Measuring the Semantic Consistency of Ordinal Annotations via Text Embedding Spaces and Its Applications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We propose a method for measuring the consistency of ordinal annotations based on a pre-trained embedding vector space. Intuitively, our method finds a direction in the embedding space along which data points align as closely as possible to their annotated ranks. The proposed approach guarantees a globally optimal solution that is free from approximation errors. Thus, it yields a unique consistency measure given a dataset with human-provided ordinal annotations and a pre-trained embedding model. This feature facilitates a wide range of applications, including not only ordinal prediction but also the unsupervised detection of annotation errors within datasets, as well as consistency assessment of stage-based scales (e.g., whether the transitions \"beginner to intermediate\" and \"intermediate to advanced\" form linear progressions in the embedding space) during dataset construction. We evaluate our method using real-world datasets with ordinal annotations to demonstrate its effectiveness.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Cognitive development; Language understanding; Machine learning; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hm9z41w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ehara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tokyo Gakugei University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50398/galley/38360/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50430, "title": "Mechanisms Of Working Memory Allocation In Reward Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Working memory (WM) is a core driver of cognition, supporting executive control, decision-making, and learning. In reward learning, WM works alongside slower reinforcement learning (RL) to establish associations between states, actions, and rewards. WM's capacity is highly limited, necessitating careful allocation of WM resources to optimize performance. How humans manage this WM constraint during reward learning, storing valuable information while discarding superseded data, remains an open question. In this study, we utilize a dynamic reward learning task to isolate rapid WM processes from slower RL mechanisms during reward learning. Through computational modeling we explore the operations humans use to allocate their limited WM resources efficiently. Our findings show strategies including (1) reward-dependent memory operations (write, forgetting, and over-write probabilities) and (2) strategic clearance policies (removing redundant and task-inconsistent data). This research clarifies WM's role in reward learning, highlighting the importance of WM operations in supporting complex behavior.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Learning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2h92m9c1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Ehrlich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anne", "middle_name": "GE", "last_name": "Collins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50430/galley/38392/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50045, "title": "MEKiT: Multi-source Heterogeneous Knowledge Injection Method via Instruction-Tuning for Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Although large language models (LLMs) excel in text comprehension and generation, their performance on the Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction (ECPE) task, which requires reasoning ability, is often underperform smaller language model. The main reason is the lack of auxiliary knowledge, which limits LLMs' ability to effectively perceive emotions and reason causes. To address this issue, we propose a novel Multi-source hEterogeneous Knowledge injection meThod, MEKiT, which integrates heterogeneous internal emotional knowledge and external causal knowledge. Specifically, for these two distinct aspects and structures of knowledge, we apply the approaches of incorporating instruction templates and mixing data for instruction-tuning, which respectively facilitate LLMs in more comprehensively identifying emotion and accurately reasoning causes. Experimental results demonstrate that MEKiT provides a more effective and adaptable solution for the ECPE task, exhibiting an absolute performance advantage over compared baselines and dramatically improving the performance of LLMs on the ECPE task.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Causal reasoning; Emotion; Natural Language Processing; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nk883fg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shiyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yongkang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaocui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daling", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yifei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50045/galley/38007/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49277, "title": "Memory Overlap Enhances Shared Feature Recognition but Hinders Specific Memory in Adolescents and Adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Over time we accumulate memories for many related experiences. However, it remains poorly understood how this relatedness, or overlap, among learned information shapes how we remember shared and unique features. The current study investigated this question and further asked whether effects of overlap on memory differ in adolescence compared to adulthood, given evidence that memory specificity continues to be refined beyond childhood. We had adolescents (12-13 years old) and adults learn pairs of objects that overlapped with one another to different degrees and then tested their memory for both overlapping and pair-unique features. Across both age groups, we found that greater overlap boosted memory for the overlapping feature but also led to worse memory for unique features. Further, adolescents were more detrimentally affected by high overlap than adults when recalling specific pairs. Our results suggest there may be a trade-off between memory for shared and unique features of overlapping materials and that adolescents experience a greater cost to this trade-off. More generally, we find that the connections among learned information play an important role in how it is remembered.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Learning; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vk0k06w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Merron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Woodbury", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sagana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vijayarajah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Schlichting", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49277/galley/37238/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49985, "title": "Memory reconsolidation: Exploring how to reactivate and modulate episodic memories", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "According to reconsolidation hypothesis, consolidated memories can be reactivated and become labile for a period of time, followed by a re-stabilization process that allows them to be strengthened, weakened, or updated. Novel research has begun to investigate if music-based interventions (MBI) could modulate memory reconsolidation. The present study aimed to address this issue through two experiments. First, Experiment 1 aimed to test a paradigm for reactivating episodic emotional memories by comparing different reactivation tasks. It was found that a reactivation task with incomplete reminders was able to reactivate emotional memories and to strengthen them by reconsolidation. Experiment 2 assessed if a MBI after the reactivation of such memories was able to modulate its reconsolidation. We found that listening to arousing music after memory reactivation interfered the reconsolidation process, reducing retrieval. Possible underlying mechanisms are discussed to continue the path toward application of the findings in clinical and educational settings.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Art and Cognition; Emotion; Learning; Memory; Mood; Music; Comparative Analysis; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71x0d0kj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Morena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "L—pez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de Palermo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nadia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Justel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de Palermo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yunes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Juan Agust’n Maza", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cecilia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Forcato", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Instituto Tecnol—gico de Buenos Aires", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Veronika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Diaz Abrahan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Palermo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49985/galley/37947/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49197, "title": "Mental Model Alignment: Building Cognitive Interfaces for Explainable Reinforcement Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Deep reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable success in complex decision-making tasks, yet its black-box nature limits practical deployment in safety-critical domains. Current explainable reinforcement learning methods often fail to align with the hierarchical and temporal structure of human mental models, which are central to cognitive science theories of decision making. To bridge this gap, we propose Mental Model Alignment (MMA), a novel framework that constructs cognitive interfaces using behavior trees to harmonize AI decision-making with human-understandable reasoning. MMA introduces three innovations: (1) a mental model encoder that captures the hierarchical decomposition of tasks into subgoals, mirroring human cognitive processes; (2) a cognitive pruning algorithm that simplifies BTs while preserving decision-critical nodes aligned with human mental schemas; and (3) a mental effort metric to quantify the cognitive load required for users to interpret policies. Evaluated across six benchmark environments, MMA outperforms state-of-the-art methods in interpretability, policy fidelity, and computational efficiency. Our results demonstrate that aligning AI policies with human mental models significantly enhances trust and usability in real-world applications.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gj6t809", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kejia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuntao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hengzhu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xinhai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Science", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NUDT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jinlong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xianglong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49197/galley/37158/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49197/galley/38703/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50180, "title": "Mental models of fluids in solid body rotation: students' reasoning about fluid processes modeled during oceanography and atmospheric science instruction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A pedagogical tool in undergraduate oceanography and atmospheric science education is a water filled, rotating, tank used to model geophysical fluid flow on Earth. We used a typical classroom rotating tank to investigate students' mental models of fluids in rotation. In two experiments, we conducted semi-structured interviews with participants (N=59) who predicted the behavior of water in rotation, explained their predictions, and attempted to make sense of observed demonstrations. We found participants had accessible mental models of fluid behavior based on analogies, however these mental models were wrong. Our results suggest that the behavior of rotating fluids is highly unintuitive and that without tangible opportunities for mental model formation, the mind adopts mental models representative of experiences with fluids to fill this gap. We discuss implications for education and suggest a better understanding of how humans reason about fluids can inform cognitive science while improving oceanography and atmospheric science instruction.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Event cognition" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bh7339w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shipley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Temple University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peggy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mansfield-McNeal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Towson University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50180/galley/38142/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50156, "title": "Mental Sampling in Social Judgment: Examining Variability in Judgments for the Self, Close, and Distant Others", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A growing number of theories explain various aspects of cognition through processes of mental \"sampling.\" Under these theories, judgments (e.g. predicting whether a friend will be late) are accomplished by generating and aggregating samples, through simulation or memory retrieval. Here, we examined a key prediction of these theories: that the variability of judgments will be lower when more samples can be drawn. We test this with a novel intervention in a simple social inference task, examining people's ability to judge the probability of various everyday behaviors, comparing judgments made for themselves versus others. Responses were more consistent responses when predicting their own behavior than that of an acquaintance, suggesting a greater number of samples could be drawn. Surprisingly, we found only a weak relationship between the time spent with a target and the variability of estimates, suggesting that sampling processes may not rely only on retrieval from memory.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Social cognition; Bayesian modeling; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ks0m7gz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tingyue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arizona State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Derek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Powell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arizona State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50156/galley/38118/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50402, "title": "MESS (Mimed Expressive Short Stories) Database: Showcasing the potential of pantomime for story transmission", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Sometimes, stimulus preparation is the most resource-consuming stage of experiments on communication. We present an open ready-to-use database of mimed expressive short stories (150 .mp4 files, 03:34:56 of footage) funded by the National Science Centre of Poland under the agreement UMO 2021/43/D/HS2/01866. It can be used as a stimulus in experiments or for annotation or rating. We describe how the database was created: (1) preparation: we used Chat GPT 4.0. to create rich stories, with varying age, gender, number of characters, and themes; (2) recording: we worked with professional actors for maximum expressiveness; (3) editing: we synced front and side shots for maximum visibility; (4) annotating: we analysed representational strategies to argue that the database showcases the potential of pantomime for storysharing and discuss its implications for the pantomimic scenarios of language origins (e.g., Arbib, 2018, 2024; Zlatev et al., 2020).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Humanities; Linguistics; Gesture analysis; Qualitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n1421sf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sibierska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Klaudia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Karkowska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Placi_ski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru_", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Monika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Boruta-Zywiczynska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Antoni", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "_yndul", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Przemyslaw", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zywiczynski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50402/galley/38364/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49504, "title": "Metacognition as a domain of skill", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper presents a framework for understanding metacognition as a distinct domain of skill, drawing on established research in motor and cognitive domains. It proposes that metacognitive expertise shares key characteristics with other skill domains, including goal-directed action, hierarchical organization, declarative and procedural knowledge, and automatization. By integrating theoretical and empirical insights, this paper aims to establish a comprehensive model of metacognitive skill development, with implications for research and practical applications in education, therapy, and beyond.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Psychology; Skill acquisition and learning; Knowledge representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4x2979nr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brendan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Conway-Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carleton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49504/galley/37466/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50385, "title": "Metaphorical Triangulation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Metaphors are powerful tools for explaining abstract concepts, but a single explanatory metaphor may be ineffective if the target system is sufficiently complex or the metaphor is counterintuitive. Drawing on theoretical and empirical research on metaphor and analogy, I describe a more systematic explanatory strategy: metaphorical triangulation. This involves (1) describing an intuitive mental model of the target phenomenon in terms of a concrete—but flawed—metaphor, drawing attention to its weaknesses; (2) presenting an alternative metaphorical model designed to address these weaknesses; and (3) providing supplementary metaphors to further develop the preferred account of the target phenomenon and address shortcomings of the alternative metaphor. I show how philosopher Daniel Dennett used this strategy to illuminate a range of puzzling issues, from evolution to consciousness, and I present some preliminary empirical support for this approach. I encourage scientists and educators to consider how they might use metaphorical triangulation in their work.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Linguistics; Philosophy; Psychology; Analogy; Consciousness; Reasoning; Case studies; Knowledge representation; Qualitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jc3d81r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flusberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vassar College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50385/galley/38347/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50172, "title": "Metaphor, Polysemy and Semantic Extension in an Artificial Language Learning Experiment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Polysemy is pervasive in language use and plays a crucial role in enabling the boundless expressive capacity of human language. Semantic extension based on metaphorical associations has been argued to be a key process in words acquiring novel, additional meanings (Anderson, 2017). In this poster, we report the results of an artificial language learning study in which participants had to extend the meaning of previously learned items to refer to new referents. We hypothesised that participants would choose semantic extensions based on metaphoric associations proposed by Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Kövecses, 2010). The results indicate that participants seem to make systematic use of salient semantic and metaphoric associations and mappings when having to extend the meanings of learned form-meaning pairings from concrete items to more complex and abstract referents. However only in some cases did participants perform semantic extensions according to our prediction based on CMT.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language Comprehension; Language understanding" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02v7d5cw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pleyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru_", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth Qing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jiangsu Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Placi_ski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru_", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50172/galley/38134/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49123, "title": "Meta-reasoning: Deciding which game to play, which problem to solve, and when to quit", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People are general purpose problem solvers. We obtain food and shelter, manage companies, solve moral dilemmas, spend years toiling away at thorny math problems, and even adopt arbitrary problems through puzzles and games. The cognitive flexibility which allows us to represent and reason about such a wide range of problems, often referenced as a distinguishing feature of human intelligence (Tomasello, 2022), presents us with an especially ubiquitous one: deciding which problem to solve. The meta-level problem of what problem to choose exists, in part, because people have limited problem solving resources (Griffiths et al., 2020). While this challenge has been examined through various lenses across cognitive science, implicit in many of these perspectives is the notion of bounded rationality. Given our limited time and energy, how do we decide which problems are worthwhile and when we should quit to pursue something new?", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Workshop", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5td1x8mz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lionel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tracey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ionatan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kuperwajs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Collins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Griffiths", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49123/galley/37084/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49123/galley/38629/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49801, "title": "Method for Quantification of the Process of Collaborative Creativity: Visualization of the Dynamics by C2RQA", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study proposes an analytical method to visualize and quantify the process of collaborative creativity. While many studies have theoretically emphasized the importance of process in creativity, its complex nature—characterized by emergence and revisitability, representation and embodiment, and conscious and unconscious aspects—has made it difficult to quantify in a standardized way. We introduce an extended version of cross-recurrence quantification analysis, C2RQA, as a suitable method. C2RQA is applicable to various data types, including continuous, categorical, and binary, and can visualize correspondences between two time series, thereby revealing interaction dynamics. We applied C2RQA to two creative activities: an idea generation task and an insight problem. The results suggest that C2RQA effectively captures broad dynamic transitions in ideas and the underlying subconscious processes involved in collaborative creativity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Creativity; Group Behaviour; Quantitative Behavior; Verbal protocol studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tj661hq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daichi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shimizu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Human Development and Environment", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Takeshi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Okada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49801/galley/37763/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49573, "title": "MGHGCN: Boosting EEG-based Emotion Recognition Through Multi-granular Hypergraph Convolutional Networks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Emotion recognition using electroencephalography (EEG) represents a significant area of study in brain-machine interfaces. To address this multifaceted challenge, it is crucial to improve the ability of EEG features to represent emotional states. A hypergraph-based methodology allows for the depiction of higher-order spatial correlations to develop distinguishing emotional features. However, the original hypergraph may lack robustness due to potential interference among local channels. In addition, excessively coarse hypergraph granularity can result in the loss of critical information. To mitigate these issues, we propose hypergraph group learning, which aims to balance robustness with the retention of detailed information. In this study, we model temporal and spatial dependencies across varying granularities using Hypergraph Group Learning to achieve a discriminative representation of emotional features. We used multiple CNN convolutions to map EEG signals from different brain regions and time segments into a unified distribution. The multi-granularity hypergraph convolutional network (MGHGCN) is specifically designed to capture long-term temporal correlations among channels effectively. By integrating multiview fusion, we significantly improved the accuracy and robustness of EEG-based emotion recognition. Experimental results from publicly available datasets, including SEED, SEED-IV, and EMOT, validate the effectiveness of our approach, achieving precisions of 98.51 (2.46) %, 89.20 (6.13) % and 97.79 (1.31) %, respectively. These results demonstrate that our hypergraph effectively maintains both robustness and detailed information.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer Science; Emotion; Pattern recognition; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20j0p8b6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Li", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Menghang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hangzhou Dianzi University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ziyue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hangzhou Dianzi University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49573/galley/37535/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49737, "title": "MGSleepNet: A Multi-Granularity Sleep Staging Network Based on EEG and EOG Signals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Sleep staging is the foundation of sleep analysis. Recent studies have attempted to integrate multimodal signals, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrooculogram (EOG), to enhance the sensitivity of models. However, these attempts still face limitations in effectively merging multimodal signals, particularly in capturing the interplay of global and local information during sleep stages simultaneously. To address this issue, we propose a Multi-granularity Sleep Staging Network (MGSleepNet), which integrates two core modules: the Global Feature Integration module (GFI) and the Fine-grained Information Capture module (FIC). The GFI effectively captures the global features of EEG and EOG signals through multi-scale convolution, channel attention mechanisms, and spatial attention mechanisms. The FIC module obtains fine-grained interaction information between EEG and EOG by segmenting time periods and employing cross-attention mechanisms. The combination of these modules resulted in an accuracy of 83.16% and 82.46% in five-fold cross-validation across subjects on the Sleep-edf-20 and Sleep-edf-78 datasets, respectively. In addition, we also achieved better than opportunity level performance on our own data sets. Finally, the ablation studies confirmed the benefits of integrating global and fine-grained relevance paradigms to enhance sleep staging performance. The model input research indicated that MGSleepNet demonstrates good performance in sleep staging outcomes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Pattern recognition; Sleep; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fw1587f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhentao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuhao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49737/galley/37699/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49908, "title": "Minding the Politeness Gap in Cross-cultural Communication", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication often arise from subtle differences in interpretation, but it is unclear whether these differences arise from the literal meanings assigned to words or from more general pragmatic factors such as norms around politeness and brevity. \nIn this paper, we report three experiments examining how speakers of British and American English interpret intensifiers like ``quite'' and ``very,'' finding support for a combination of semantic and pragmatic factors.\nTo better understand these differences, we developed a computational cognitive model where listeners recursively reason about speakers who balance informativity, politeness, and utterance cost. \nA series of model comparisons suggest that cross-cultural differences in intensifier interpretation stem from (1) different literal meanings, (2) different weights on utterance cost. \nThese findings challenge accounts based purely on semantic variation or politeness norms, demonstrating that cross-cultural differences in interpretation emerge from an intricate interplay between the two.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Culture; Language understanding; Social cognition; Bayesian modeling; Cross-cultural analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23n3439q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yuka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Machino", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Siegel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hofer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hawkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49908/galley/37870/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49130, "title": "Minds at School: Advancing cognitive science by measuring and modeling human learning in situ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Unlike in other animals that might reach full maturity within a few months or years, human cognitive development follows an unusually protracted timeline. In many contemporary societies, people might require several years of scaffolded learning opportunities to develop the full suite of cognitive skills and abilities they are expected to have as adults. This extended period of development reflects our species' unique capacity for cumulative cultural learning: humans have evolved specialized cognitive mechanisms that enable us to learn from, communicate with, and teach others across the lifespan (Csibra & Gergely, 2009; Tomasello, 2016).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/288060kb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Motz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shayan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Doroudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ji", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Son", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cal State University, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Candace", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thille", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49130/galley/37091/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49130/galley/38636/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49119, "title": "Minds in the Making: Cognitive Science and Design Thinking", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "All around us are traces of human design, from color-coded subway maps that facilitate navigation to furniture that balances form and function. The human capacity for creation has long fascinated cognitive scientists. Early studies of innovation highlighted the role of problem-solving, elucidating the roles of search and heuristics (Simon, 1996; Newell, 1972). Research on object perception and tool use enhanced our understanding of how humans interact with and manipulate their environment (Gibson, 1977; Norman, 1999). Subsequently, research in the visual and spatial domains uncovered key abstractions supporting reasoning, communication, and expression through visual forms, such as mental models, diagrams, and spatial analogies (Hegarty, 2011; Tversky, 2010; Goel, 1995).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Workshop", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21g9p2jt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Junyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arnav", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davidson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robbie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fraser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49119/galley/37080/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49119/galley/38619/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49119/galley/38622/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49119/galley/38625/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49183, "title": "Miscalibrated trust hinders effective partner choices in human-AI collectives", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Trust, a cornerstone of human cooperation, faces unprecedented challenges as artificial intelligence (AI) agents permeate social systems, transforming mechanisms humans have evolved to build trust. We demonstrate how a prevalent feature of AI agents—being excessively prosocial—reshapes trust dynamics in experiments (N = 675) simulating hybrid societies comprising humans and AI agents (\"bots\") powered by a state-of-the-art large language model. Using a partner-selection game with pre-decision communication, Study 1 revealed a paradox: Undisclosed bots, despite being more trustworthy than humans and detectable by communication, were not preferentially selected as partners. Instead, bots' prosociality was misattributed to their human competitors. Study 2 showed that disclosing bots' identity initially enhanced humans' bias against selecting bots but improved trust calibration over time. Our work demonstrates the dual effect of transparency in the dynamic calibration of trust in human-AI ecosystems and introduces a framework for evaluating AI agents in interactive, hybrid environments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qp9k8js", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yaomin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Levin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brinkmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anne-Marie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nussberger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ivan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Soraperra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "JF", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bonnefon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Toulouse School of Economics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Iyad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rahwan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49183/galley/37144/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49183/galley/38689/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49195, "title": "mixEEG: Enhancing EEG Federated Learning for Cross-subject EEG Classification with Tailored mixup", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The cross-subject electroencephalography (EEG) classification exhibits great challenges due to the diversity of cognitive processes and physiological structures between different subjects. Modern EEG models are based on neural networks, demanding a large amount of data to achieve high performance and generalizability. However, privacy concerns associated with EEG pose significant limitations to data sharing between different hospitals and institutions, resulting in the lack of large dataset for most EEG tasks. Federated learning (FL) enables multiple decentralized clients to collaboratively train a global model without direct communication of raw data, thus preserving privacy. For the first time, we investigate the cross-subject EEG classification in the FL setting. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective framework termed mixEEG. Specifically, we tailor the vanilla mixup considering the unique properties of the EEG modality. mixEEG shares the unlabeled averaged data of the unseen subject rather than simply sharing raw data under the domain adaptation setting, thus better preserving privacy and offering an averaged label as pseudo-label. Extensive experiments are conducted on an epilepsy detection and an emotion recognition dataset. The experimental result demonstrates that our mixEEG enhances the transferability of global model for cross-subject EEG classification consistently across different datasets and model architectures. Code is published at: https://github.com/XuanhaoLiu/mixEEG.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t123879", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Xuan-Hao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bao-Liang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wei-Long", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49195/galley/37156/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49195/galley/38701/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49716, "title": "Mixing Words and Pictures: Mixed Evidence for Common Conceptual Representations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The relationship between symbolic and nonsymbolic representation has been a subject of long-standing debate, with the common system model and the separate systems model providing contrasting predictions. To test these models, we asked participants to compare the size of animals or numerical value of numbers, presented in symbolic-symbolic, symbolic-nonsymbolic, and nonsymbolic-nonsymbolic formats. Consistent with the common system model, performance improved as the ratio between stimuli increased in both animal and number domains, regardless of the format. However, supporting the separate systems model, we observed a switch cost in the symbolic-nonsymbolic number comparison task. Future research should explore the factors contributing to these mixed findings across domains.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03n260gv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hyekyung", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Park", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University Bloomington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Opfer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49716/galley/37678/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49296, "title": "Mobile EEG Suggests that Alpha-Band Oscillations Support the Retrieval of the Egocentric Direction of Landmarks Around a Navigator", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Remaining oriented while navigating is a key aspect of survival for many mobile organisms. Previous work suggested that the parietal lobes play a key role in helping navigators determine directions to landmarks relative to themselves. Recent evidence suggests that alpha-band oscillations are crucial for spatial attention and may track egocentric direction as well. We used mobile EEG to integrate these disparate lines of research and test our novel \"alpha window hypothesis\" that alpha-band oscillations support the retrieval of egocentric directional information around navigators oriented within a real-world environment. Time-frequency-based machine learning analysis revealed significant classification accuracy of the target's egocentric direction within the 8-12 Hz frequency range, thus supporting the alpha window hypothesis. Our results provide a pivotal advancement in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of directional memory by extending previous research that used neuropsychology, fMRI, and EEG into the domain of a dynamic, situated, embodied spatial memory task.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Memory; Spatial cognition; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/110722jg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ainsley", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Bonin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colby College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shuran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colby College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Derek", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Huffman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colby College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49296/galley/37257/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49651, "title": "Modality-Specific Mental Imagery Abilities are Unrelated to Modality-Specific Category Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Category learning is an important ability that underlies complex cognitive processes such as object recognition and speech perception. Categories are ubiquitous across modalities and people differ greatly in their ability to learn novel categories. Here, we addressed a modality-specific cognitive individual difference that may relate to category learning – mental imagery. We examined how individual differences in self-reported auditory and visual mental imagery abilities related to individual differences in auditory and visual category learning. Overall, according to Bayesian analyses, there was anecdotal to moderate evidence for the null hypothesis that differences in self-reported modality-specific mental imagery are unrelated to differences in modality-specific category learning. These results have implications for theories of category learning and raise questions regarding the functions of mental imagery in cognitive processes such as categorization and learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Audition; Concepts and categories; Learning; Perception; Representation; Vision; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/33v8b4sb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Casey", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Roark", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Hampshire", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hooman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Amiri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Hampshire", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dodson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Hampshire", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hedieh", "middle_name": "Nejatmand", "last_name": "Nejatmand Malari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Hampshire", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49651/galley/37613/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49827, "title": "Model Human Learners: Computational Models to Guide Instructional Design", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Instructional designers face an overwhelming array of design choices, making it challenging to identify the most effective interventions. To address this issue, I propose the concept of a Model Human Learner, a unified computational model of learning that can aid designers in evaluating candidate interventions. This paper presents the first successful demonstration of this concept, showing that a computational model can accurately predict the outcomes of two human A/B experiments---one testing a problem sequencing intervention and the other testing an item design intervention. It also demonstrates that such a model can generate learning curves without requiring human data and provide theoretical insights into why an instructional intervention is effective. These findings lay the groundwork for future Model Human Learners that integrate cognitive and learning theories to support instructional design across diverse tasks and interventions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Education; Learning; Skill acquisition and learning; Symbolic computational modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w44w4x5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "MacLellan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49827/galley/37789/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49683, "title": "Modeling a network of beliefs surrounding parents' endorsement of COVID vaccines for children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Cognitive science offers powerful tools for addressing pressing public health needs. Here we apply the cognitive science of intuitive theories and the tools of Bayesian networks to shed light on why so few children in the US have received COVID vaccines and how we might encourage caregivers to seek out these and other life-saving vaccines for their children. 1700 US parents completed 13 belief scales on a range of topics likely to influence their endorsement of pediatric COVID vaccines. We deployed structure learning techniques to develop a cognitive model of the relationships among beliefs and their influence on endorsement of vaccines for children, which accounted for 70% of the variance in participants' beliefs in a held-out testing split. Model-based simulations suggested that educational interventions focused on the effectiveness of COVID vaccines for supporting individual and community health may be most effective in increasing uptake of the COVID vaccine for children.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Causal reasoning; Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dq8m80z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weisman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "foundry10", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dominic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "foundry10", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49683/galley/37645/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49918, "title": "Modeling Cue-Based Retrieval and Prediction – One Morpheme at a Time", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This work proposes an extension to the cue-based retrieval\ntheory of sentence processing: memory retrieval and predic-\ntion processes during sentence comprehension take place at the\nmorpheme level instead of at the word level. We illustrate this\nproposal by extending an existing cue-based retrieval model\nfrom word-level to morpheme-level processing, and show that\nour model better captures the interactions between memory re-\ntrieval and predictive processing. Specifically, we extend the\nmodel reported in Patil and Lago (2021), which accounted for\nthe interaction between retrieval and prediction during the pro-\ncessing of German possessive pronouns, but failed to general-\nize to structures involving determiners (Oltrogge, Ver´ıssimo,\nPatil, & Lago, accepted). Our results show that modeling at\nthe morpheme level captures retrieval-prediction interactions\nmore precisely. The model successfully predicts the pattern\nof prediction onsets across German possessive pronouns and\ndeterminers. The proposed morpheme-by-morpheme model is\nfurther supported by psycholinguistic evidence suggesting that\nhumans naturally decompose words into their constituent mor-\nphemes", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Language Comprehension; Memory; Morphology; Predictive Processing; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s15t489", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elise", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oltrogge", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Goethe University Frankfurt", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Umesh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patil", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "t2k GmbH", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49918/galley/37880/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49625, "title": "Modeling Face Recognition Challenges in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A CNN-Based Approach", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Computational modeling has been a crucial tool in cognitive science to understand human cognitive functions and impairments in neurocognitive disorders. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) exhibit striking similarities to human visual processing systems for object recognition, making them a powerful tool for studying visual processes. In this study, we examined the neurobiological theories, namely, the Excitation/Inhibition (E/I) Imbalance and Internal Noise (IN) in explaining face recognition challenges in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using CNNs, and revealed that over-excitation and increased noises in the CNNs led to compromised performance on face recognition and atypical patterns of internal representations of face stimuli. This approach enables systematic comparisons between typical and atypical cognition, offering a theory-driven perspective to investigate cognitive challenges and their neurocognitive mechanisms with a computational approach.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Face Processing; Representation; Computational Modeling; Computational neuroscience; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sr2592s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Xijing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Clara University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Clara University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49625/galley/37587/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50204, "title": "Modeling human learning and exploration in a temporal combinatorial bandit task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Life often presents choices that are not mutually exclusive, yet there has been insufficient research on human learning and directed exploration involved in combinatorial settings. We investigated human behavior in a four-armed combinatorial bandit (CB) task (N=107) where participants combined \"nutrients\" affecting required nurture time of virtual plants. Participants demonstrated effective learning but converged to suboptimal strategies, preferring combinations of one or two options. To model learning, two computational models were proposed and compared: a naïve extension of upper confidence bound (NaiveUCB), and a linear UCB model (LinUCB), both incorporating heuristic components. The NaiveUCB model with penalty for multiple selections, value decay, stickiness, and recency-based credit assignment best explained behavior, outperforming both LinUCB and simplified variants, suggesting that humans may navigate uncertainty through simple heuristics rather than sophisticated estimation. These findings extend our understanding of exploration and credit assignment in CB, and provide insight into daily decision making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Learning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85g8v4kq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Guang-Yu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Deng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Li", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50204/galley/38166/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49620, "title": "Modeling Human Sequential Decision-Making in the Tower of London: Incorporating Individual Differences and Timing-Based Replanning Inference", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Modeling human sequential decision-making behavior presents a significant challenge for researchers in artificial intelligence, robotics, and cognitive science. In this paper, we introduce a human behavior model designed to predict actions in the Tower of London task, addressing two critical aspects that have been largely overlooked in existing methodologies. First, we propose a profile-based action prediction framework that extracts user and task profiles from historical data, enhancing action prediction in novel scenarios. Second, we introduce a replanning detection component that leverages thinking time as an indicator of planning processes in the human mind, enabling a more precise representation of cognitive dynamics. Our evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, achieving superior performance in behavior prediction within the Tower of London task. This work lays the foundation for more robust human behavior modeling in sequential decision-making environments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Problem Solving; Bayesian modeling; Quantitative Behavior; Symbolic computational modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/870698q2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chenyuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Monash University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuansan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kulic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Monash University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pamela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carreno-Medrano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Monash University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Monash University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49620/galley/37582/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49160, "title": "Modeling intrinsic motivation as reflective planning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Why do people seek to improve themselves? One explanation is that improvement is intrinsically rewarding. This can be formalized in reinforcement learning models by augmenting the reward function with intrinsic rewards (e.g., internally-generated improvement signals). In this paper, we develop an alternative explanation: the drive for improvement arises from planning in a state space that includes internal states (e.g., competence). Planning is therefore reflective in the sense that it considers the value of future internal states (e.g., \"What could I accomplish in the future if I improve my competence?\"). We formalize this idea as a sequential decision problem which we dub the reflective Markov Decision Process. The model captures qualitative patterns of skill development better than a range of alternative models that lack some of its components. Importantly, it explains these patterns without appealing to intrinsic rewards.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89t2v7h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gershman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49160/galley/37121/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49160/galley/38666/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50394, "title": "Modeling Object Knowledge from Child Visual Experience", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The distributional approach to language has been helpful in understanding and making predictions about children's semantic and linguistic development. In the current research, we apply similar techniques to study children's conceptual development using their first-person visual experiences. This study investigates the distributional properties of objects encountered in early visual experience and how they may contribute to the learning of concept organization. Frames were extracted from head-mounted camera videos at regular intervals, segmented into objects, and manually annotated with their superordinate and subordinate categories. We then built a distributional model of object–image co-occurrences and computed the similarity of different objects based on their distributional statistics. We show that objects' distributional patterns would allow children to make useful predictions about objects' high-level semantic categories, such as foods, appliances, and electronic devices. These results highlight that early distributional experiences may facilitate category formation, with implications for developmental theory and computational modeling.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Concepts and categories; Statistical learning; Vision; Computational Modeling; Knowledge representation" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sb1p6js", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rojda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ozcan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Willits", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50394/galley/38356/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49325, "title": "Modeling Open-World Cognition as On-Demand Synthesis of Probabilistic Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People are able to reason flexibly across a vast range of domains and contexts, from navigating new environments and social situations, to playing new games and even betting on the outcomes of new sports. How do we draw on our knowledge and past experiences to tractably make sense of any particular situation? Here, we explore the hypothesis that people use a combination of distributed and structured, symbolic knowledge to construct bespoke mental models tailored to novel situations. We propose a computational implementation of this idea -- a `Model Synthesis Architecture' (`MSA') -- using language models as a stand-in for distributional knowledge and a probabilistic programming language to express bespoke probabilistic symbolic models. We evaluate our model with respect to human judgments on a novel reasoning dataset. Our \"Model Olympics\" domain comprises a series of \"sports commentary\" vignettes, and is designed to test open-ended reasoning by requiring (i) reasoning about arbitrary causal structures described in language; (ii) drawing in relevant latent considerations from background knowledge; and (iii) flexibly adapting to an ‘open world' setting with novel observations sourced from other human participants. We compare our MSA to hand-coded probabilistic programs and LM-only baselines. We find that our approach captures key hallmarks of rational inference from human judgments that the LM-only baselines do not, especially for very novel scenarios. See https://sites.google.com/view/openworld-msa?usp=sharing for additional details and preprint.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Reasoning; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling; Knowledge representation" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4j38w2tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lionel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Collins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lance", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ying", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cedegao", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adrian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gerstenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Donnell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Andreas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brooke-Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49325/galley/37286/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49444, "title": "Modeling Processing Speed in Developmental Language Disorder using Drift Diffusion Modeling", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) exhibit longer reaction times (RTs) than age-matched neurotypical children. Drift diffusion models estimate parameters influencing RT distributions: drift-rate represents speed of information accumulation, non-decision time represents other factors contributing to longer RTs, e.g., poor attention or motor coordination. Using a hierarchical Bayesian framework, we modeled RT data from visual search and mental rotation tasks completed by 3rd graders (N = 248). Children with impaired verbal abilities without accompanying nonverbal impairment (DLD) and those with global verbal/nonverbal impairments were compared to neurotypical children. Across tasks, children with DLD exhibited a lower drift rate than neurotypical children, indicating slower information accumulation, and no difference in non-decision time. Children with global impairments showed lower drift rates and higher non-decision times than neurotypical children. Results suggest directions for nuanced tests of the generalized slowing hypothesis of DLD. Clinical implications for diagnosis and treatment of DLD are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Decision making; Development; Language and thought; Bayesian modeling; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xx7d6sx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CUNY Graduate Center", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "Donnan", "last_name": "Gravelle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Graduate Center, CUNY", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zapparrata", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Staten Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Brooks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center, CUNY", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Carol", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Penn State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49444/galley/37406/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49952, "title": "Modeling the effect of cortical magnification on feature detection and individuation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Some researchers have argued that visual representations in the periphery differ qualitatively from those in the fovea (e.g., Balas et al., 2009; Freeman and Simoncelli, 2011; Rosenholtz et al., 2012). Consistent with this proposal, He et al. (1997) showed that crowding in the periphery disrupts the ability to individuate features but doesn't disrupt feature detection. We hypothesized that He et al.'s demonstration could be accounted for simply in terms of cortical magnification alone. We tested this hypothesis by presenting He et al.'s stimuli to a neurally realistic model of V1 (Heaton & Hummel, 2022) that incorporates cortical magnification but posits no other differences between foveal and peripheral early visual representations. The model's performance captured He et al.'s findings, suggesting that cortical magnification alone is sufficient to account for the differences between foveal and peripheral visual perception.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Neuroscience; Psychology; Perception; Representation; Vision; Computational Modeling; Computational neuroscience; Neural Networks; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/039209kq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "Flood", "last_name": "Heaton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hummel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49952/galley/37914/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49633, "title": "Modeling Understanding of Story-Based Analogies Using Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought them closer to matching human cognition across a variety of tasks. How well do these models align with human performance in detecting and mapping analogies? Prior research has shown that LLMs can extract similarities from analogy problems but lack robust human-like reasoning. Building on Webb, Holyoak, and Lu (2023), the current study focused on a story-based analogical mapping task and conducted a fine-grained evaluation of LLM reasoning abilities compared to human performance. First, it explored the semantic representation of analogies in LLMs, using sentence embeddings to assess whether they capture the similarity between the source and target texts of an analogy, and the dissimilarity between the source and distractor texts. Second, it investigated the effectiveness of explicitly prompting LLMs to explain analogies. Throughout, we examine whether LLMs exhibit similar performance profiles to those observed in humans by evaluating their reasoning at the level of individual analogies, and not just at the level of overall accuracy (as prior studies have done). Our experiments include evaluating the impact of model size (8B\nvs. 70B parameters) and performance variation across state-of-the- art model architectures such as GPT-4 and LLaMA3. This work advances our understanding of the analogical reasoning abilities of LLMs and their potential as models of human reasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Analogy; Natural Language Processing; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rn678q8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Keshav", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kabra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kalit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Inani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vijay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marupudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sashank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Tech", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49633/galley/37595/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49603, "title": "Modeling word overextension in a Grey Parrot", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Word meaning extension refers to the process by which a single word form develops multiple related meanings. Young children exhibit the capacity to extend word meaning, and previous research shows that such word overextension relies on multimodal semantic knowledge. We explore the evolutionary trace of word meaning extension by asking whether nonhuman animals might have this shared capacity. We compare meaning extension in children with the attested cases of overextension collected from the YouTube channel of a Grey Parrot, Apollo, who has acquired some English words. Our results show that parrot overextension can be predicted by a multimodal child overextension model better than baselines, which demonstrates that Grey Parrot may be using semantic knowledge similar to children for choosing words to express new referents. Our finding suggests that meaning extension is a cognitive ability identifiable in species about 320 million years apart from humans.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Animal Communication; Language acquisition; Semantics of language; Comparative Analysis; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nw5t9nz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fishkin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shereen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nazarbayev University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49603/galley/37565/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49788, "title": "Modelling compounding across languages with analogy and composition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Compounding is a common word formation process in many languages around the world. Previous semantic analyses of compounding suggest that analogy and composition are crucial cognitive processes that underlie the formation of new compounds, but these processes are typically considered separately. Here, we formulate a computational model of compounding that integrates both analogy and composition. Compared to simpler baselines, we show that the model combining both processes achieves the best performance in predicting the constituents of attested compounds in English, Chinese, and German. Our work extends previous semantic-based accounts of compounding via a computational approach that can be evaluated using large-scale crosslinguistic data.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Analogy; Semantics of language; Computational Modeling; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7k26z883", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aotao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kemp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frermann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49788/galley/37750/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50059, "title": "Modelling the Effects of Emotional States on Driving Speed and Crashes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Driving is a complex task requiring immense\ncoordination between an individual's mental and\nphysical faculties. Though it becomes automatic with\npractice and experience, the driver must constantly\nprocess stimuli from the environment and react\naccordingly. An individual's emotional state, both in\nterms of arousal and valence, plays a part in how drivers\ninteract with the variables on the road while driving,\nwhich may significantly impact control during driving.\nThe current study explores the influence of emotions,\nparticularly pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant, on\nincidents of crashes and average driving speed.\nEmotions, particularly negative emotions, potentially\nimpact decision-making and may lead to lower risk\nperception, leading to higher average speed and\nincreased number of crashes. The hypothesis\nanticipates that the unpleasant emotional states of\ndrivers may result in a higher speed and increased\nnumber of crashes. For emotion induction, 95 drivers\nwere exposed to three sets of images - pleasant, neutral,\nand unpleasant, from the International Affective\nPicture System (IAPS). They were instructed to drive\non a driving simulator while navigating challenging\nscenarios like pedestrian crossings and taking a right\nturn while judiciously measuring gaps between an\noncoming traffic flow. Data analysis was done using\nlinear mixed models, and the results suggested that\nemotions significantly impact the number of crashes\nand average speed. It also indicated a notable difference\nin the number of crashes and speed between pleasant\nand unpleasant states. The results align with the\navailable literature that claims negative emotions can\nlead to more risk-taking behaviour and, thus, higher\nspeed and crashes. This study can be used to predict\ndrivers' behaviour, while different states of emotions\nand interventions can also be provided to enhance\ndriving safety. n summary, the study emphasizes the\npivotal role of emotions in influencing road safety.\nKeywords: Traffic Psychology, Emotions, Accident\nPrevention", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Human Factors; Motor control; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bq19478", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Debaparna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukherjee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Kanpur", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50059/galley/38021/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50019, "title": "Modulating categorization skills: The impact of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the Prototype Effect", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present two studies utilizing tDCS to investigate the impact of anodal stimulation at the Fp3 site on categorization learning indexed by the prototype effect. This phenomenon is characterized by superior categorization for unseen category prototypes compared to both seen and unseen category exemplars. In our double-blind experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: anodal tDCS or sham/control. In Experiment 1a, we observed a pronounced prototype effect in sham/control, demonstrating significantly enhanced categorization performance for unseen category prototypes over 'old' (previously seen) exemplars. Critically, the application of anodal tDCS diminished this effect, hindering performance on prototype stimuli. Experiment 1b provided further validation of this finding, indicating that anodal tDCS disrupts the prototype effect concerning old exemplars. Interestingly, this significant reduction in the prototype effect was not replicated with 'new' (unseen) category exemplars. We contextualize our results within the framework of the tDCS and perceptual learning literature.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Learning; Memory; Pattern recognition; Perception" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sq0w9c4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ciro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Civile", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guangtong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Exeter", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50019/galley/37981/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49676, "title": "More Than Boundaries: Exploring the Characteristics and Attributes of Daily Life Events", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Conventional methods in event cognition often focus on identifying boundaries by instructing participants to mark transitions. While effective for detecting shifts, they offer limited insight into how events unfold. This study examines six characteristics—location, people, activities, mood, bodily states, and purposeful actions—and their stability across daily events. Using nightly segmentation, 41 participants captured and reviewed daily images over 14 days, defined events, and described each using the six dimensions. People (0.58) and location (0.55) were most stable, followed by mood (0.38) and bodily states (0.31). Activities (0.07) and purposeful actions (0.18) were highly variable. These findings emphasise that characteristics such as goals and activities not only serve as effective markers for identifying transitions at boundaries but also provide valuable perspectives on how events are distinguished and understood within the broader context of daily life.\n\nKeywords: Daily Events, Event Cognition, Nightly Segmentation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25h06661", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Viviana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sastre Gomez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Defina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Zacks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University in Saint Louis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dennis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49676/galley/37638/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50315, "title": "Motivational Effects of Instructor Images in Educational Materials on Early Reading Stages", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study examined the motivational effects of incorporating instructor images into educational materials in the early reading stages. Participants viewed a page of disaster prevention materials for two seconds and rated it on a five-point scale for motivation to read (\"Did the page motivate you to read?\") and understandability (\"Did the page look easy to understand?\"). The materials were three types: those without any instructor photographs or illustrations, those with real instructor photographs, and those with instructor illustrations generated from the photographs. Results showed that mean scores were highest for the condition with real photographs, followed by the condition with illustrations, and lowest for the condition without images. These findings suggest that instructor images enhance motivation to read, with real photographs having a stronger effect.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Instruction and teaching" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0hn1v5jn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hideaki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shimada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shinshu University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50315/galley/38277/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49663, "title": "MPPFND: A Dataset and Analysis of Detecting Fake News with Multi-Platform Propagation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Fake news spreads widely on social media, leading to numerous negative effects. Most existing detection algorithms focus on analyzing news content and social context to detect fake news. However, these approaches typically detect fake news based on specific platforms, ignoring differences in propagation characteristics across platforms. In this paper, we introduce the MPPFND dataset, which captures propagation structures across multiple platforms. We also describe the commenting and propagation characteristics of different platforms to show that their social contexts have distinct features. We propose a multi-platform fake news detection model (APSL) that uses graph neural networks to extract social context features from various platforms. Experiments show that accounting for cross-platform propagation differences improves fake news detection performance.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Sociology; Machine learning; Neural Networks; Social media analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7124107t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Congyuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lingwei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering, CAS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ziming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yunya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Song", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Songlin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49663/galley/37625/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49612, "title": "MSCNN-ADDA: A Cross-Subject P300 EEG Decoding Algorithm Based on a Multi-Scale Convolutional Neural Network and Adversarial Discriminative Domain Adaptation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the brain and external devices. Despite progress, EEG decoding still faces challenges: 1) how to shorten or eliminate the calibration process in cross-subject BCI scenarios; 2) how to capture more characteristic features from different scales in EEG data; and 3) how to extract subject-independent EEG features more effectively. To address these, we propose a cross-subject EEG decoding algorithm based on a multiscale convolutional neural network (MSCNN) and domain adaptation for P300-based BCIs. The MSCNN was trained on a large-scale EEG dataset to extract subject-independent features, then fine-tuned via ADDA to align cross-subject data. In offline analysis, we achieved a cross-subject average accuracy exceeding 83%, indicating that we successfully established a domain adaptation-based cross-subject EEG decoding algorithm, which can eliminate the subject-specific calibration process for new subjects.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Human-computer interaction; Machine learning; Electroencephalography (EEG); Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20q9m859", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wanying", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "He", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yongxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiahui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49612/galley/37574/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49492, "title": "MS-NHHO: A Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm Incorporating Cognitive Science for Malicious Traffic Detection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The diversification of attacks jeopardizes cyberspace's normal operation. This paper proposes a new Harris Hawks Optimization Based on Multiple Strategies (MS-NHHO), inspired by humans' limited cognitive load, collective decision-making, and dynamic learning mechanisms for processing complex information. This paper utilizes the elite chaos reverse learning strategy to improve the algorithm's convergence speed and population diversity. Then, the dynamic adaptive weights are introduced into the escape energy decline mechanism to improve the algorithm's global exploration and local exploitation ability. Finally, the Gaussian random walk strategy enhances the algorithm's anti-stagnation ability. The experimental results confirm the usefulness of the three optimization strategies. Meanwhile, MS-NHHO exhibits satisfactory performance in terms of computational cost, detection performance, and efficiency in several scenarios.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Group Behaviour; Machine learning; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vb6j0fx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ziang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chengxiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Si", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Qingyun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49492/galley/37454/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49226, "title": "Multimodal Dynamicity in Fictive Expressions: Exploring Co-speech Gestures in Spatial Descriptions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Both fictive change and motion expressions are linked to dynamic conceptualization, a central concept in cognitive linguistics. However, it remains unclear whether producing these expressions involves the mental simulation of change or a dynamic perception of events—an area that invites further exploration. In this paper, we examine co-speech gestures in a spatial description task, exploring two main predictions: (1) If fictive expressions involve some form of dynamicity or simulation of change or motion, speakers will gesture more frequently than with factive expressions; and (2) If fictive expressions involve dynamicity or simulation, the gestures will reflect this imagery and may be more dynamic than static. The findings from this study support both predictions, suggesting that fictive expressions indeed involve a dynamic conceptualization or simulation of static spatial concepts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Semantics of language; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7td7t611", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hinano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Takanori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nanahara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mori", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49226/galley/37187/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49226/galley/38732/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49347, "title": "Multimodal Pragmatic Inference in Vision-Language Transformers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Contemporary transformer models have achieved human-like performance on many text-based tasks. However, real-world communication requires the integration of language with non-linguistic context (e.g., visual, social, etc.). Here, we study such information integration in three multimodal transformer models. We test these models' pragmatic capabilities regarding referring expressions: when an object set contains two exemplars from the same category that differ in size, unambiguously referring to one of them requires a size adjective (e.g., the big hammer); the adjective is unnecessary if only one exemplar from the category is present. We evaluate these inferences when models process text-image inputs (via their surprisal for infelicitous vs. felicitous adjective use) and when they generate open-ended descriptions of images given text prompts. We find evidence for pragmatic integration of visual and linguistic context in all models. However, these inferences remain sensitive to the in-context statistics of visual inputs, unlike pragmatic inference in humans.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Language Comprehension; Language Production; Pragmatics; Predictive Processing" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pf870ff", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "McGee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Meng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Du", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jacob", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Idan", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Blank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49347/galley/37308/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49614, "title": "Multi-Option Polarization: How Deliberating More Options Both Increases and Decreases Polarization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Formal models in social epistemology explore why rational agents might polarize. While paradigmatic models focus on binary topics, e.g., \"Is H true or false?\", many real-world issues involve multi-option topics: \"Which of n > 2 options is true/best?\" This paper introduces a model of rational deliberation on multi-option topics to address the following question: As a group discusses more options, should we expect their beliefs to polarize more or less? We find a dual effect: as the number of options increases, agents are more likely to disagree on which option is most likely correct. This makes it harder to reach consensus on a single position. At the same time, their beliefs—and thus their disagreements—become less extreme. Hence, while agents are more likely to disagree, these disagreements are less intense. Since each trend aligns with a familiar concept of polarization, more options can increase or decrease polarization, depending on one's measurement.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Group Behaviour; Agent-based Modeling; Bayesian modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5dt8g8c1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Assaad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversitŠt MŸnchen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49614/galley/37576/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49729, "title": "Multi-site fMRI-based mental disorder detection using adversarial learning: an ABIDE study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Heterogeneity in open fMRI datasets, caused by variations in scanning protocols, confounders, and population diversity, hinders representation learning and classification performance. To address these limitations, we propose a novel multi-site adversarial learning network (MSalNET) for fMRI-based mental disorder detection. Firstly, a representation learning module is introduced with a node information assembly (NIA) mechanism to extract features from functional connectivity (FC). This mechanism aggregates edge information from both horizontal and vertical directions, effectively assembling node information. Secondly, to generalize the feature across sites, we proposed a site-level feature extraction module that can learn from individual FC. Lastly, an adversarial learning network, is proposed to balance the trade-off between individual classification and site regression tasks. The proposed method was evaluated on Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE). The results indicate that the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 75.56% with reducing variability from a data-driven perspective. The most discriminative brain regions revealed by NIA are consistent with statistical findings, uncovering the black box of deep learning to a certain extent. MSalNET offers a novel perspective on the detection of multi-site fMRI mental disorders and it considers the interpretability of the model, which is a crucial aspect in deep learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Machine learning; fMRI" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/29w9n71k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Xin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Taiyuan University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shijie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Taiyuan University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yanqing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Taiyuan University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mengni", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Taiyuan University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Taiyuan University of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49729/galley/37691/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49393, "title": "Multi-view Feature Selection with Reinforcement Learning for EEG-based Automated ESES Diagnosis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) is a serious condition that causes notable cognitive decline. It is characterized by distinct spike and slow-wave patterns on electroencephalograms (EEG). Clinical ESES diagnosis is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive as it demands clinicians to manually interpret and count EEG screens. Existing automated diagnosis algorithms for ESES have major flaws, like struggling to adapt to complex spike-and-wave patterns and not fully exploiting the rich multi-view features of EEG. To overcome these issues, we propose a multi-view feature selection framework integrating reinforcement learning and attention mechanisms for automated ESES diagnosis. A CLEAN reward mechanism is introduced to address complex multi-objective feature selection challenges. Experiments on the clinical data consisting of 36 epilepsy patients prove the proposed method's remarkable spike-and-wave identification ability and high agreement with expert diagnoses. Our approach represents a significant step toward developing automated bedside ESES clinical diagnostic systems.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Neuroscience; Pattern recognition; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gm838h8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhipeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "He", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuxuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shishi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xinxin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xuanhao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ziyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-Sen University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49393/galley/37355/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49826, "title": "Musical and emotional features individually and interactively predict perceived similarity of popular songs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Judging similarity between pieces of music is critical for interacting with it in everyday life. But how do musical and emotional features drive our subjective judgments of similarity? Much of the previous work has focused on low-level features and has largely ignored the impact of lyrics and emotion on perceived similarity. Here, we tested the influence of a comprehensive set of musical and emotional features on similarity, using original popular songs and cover versions to match clips on lyrics and melody. We found that tempo most strongly predicts lower similarity ratings, but key, voice type, and timbre differences predict similarity in an interactive manner. While emotional arousal did not predict similarity above and beyond tempo, emotional valence did. Together, these results suggest that both musical and emotional factors influence judgments of similarity, shedding light on the fine-grained explanatory mechanisms of listeners' everyday impressions of popular music.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion Perception; Music" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hd1m02b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Riesa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cassano-Coleman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kelly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jakubowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Durham University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elise", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Piazza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49826/galley/37788/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49260, "title": "Music-induced Positive Mood Stimulates Metaphor Production", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Metaphors are a creative use of language that conveys complex ideas through abstract reasoning and cognitive flexibility. While prior research has demonstrated that music influences creativity, its specific impact on metaphor production remains unexplored. In this study, 90 adults were assigned to one of three groups—silence, happy music, and sad music—and completed a metaphor production task, generating expressions for emotions (e.g., being happy) and actions (e.g., telling a lie). Participants also completed convergent and divergent thinking assessments to account for individual differences in creativity. Results showed that participants who listened to happy music while doing the task were more likely to produce figurative expressions, with convergent creativity positively predicting their production, while divergent creativity had no effect. Moreover, metaphors produced with background music were generally rated as more novel than those produced in silence, with sad music leading to metaphors with a more negative emotional tone. These findings suggest that extrinsic factors, particularly happy music, can enhance our ability to produce metaphors by boosting the cognitive flexibility required for creative thinking.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Creativity; Language Production; Mood" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3d56910q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pissani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Magdalena-Victoria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meiser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49260/galley/37221/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50283, "title": "Mutual Exclusivity in Noun and Verb Learning in Adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Mutual exclusivity (ME), the tendency to map novel words to unfamiliar referents, can support children's word learning (e.g., Markman & Wachtel, 1988). A recent study (in prep) demonstrated that 4-year-old English-speaking children show a weaker ME effect for novel verbs than nouns, consistent with evidence that verbs are harder to learn (e.g., Gentner, 1982). Here, we replicated this study in adults. Adults viewed videos (verb trials) or static images (noun trials), one familiar and one unfamiliar, and selected the best match for a novel verb or noun. Adults applied ME for both verbs and nouns, but significantly less for verbs (z = 4.073, p = 0.0003). Adults also had longer reaction times (β = 471.25, p < 0.0001) and lower confidence ratings (β = -7.035, p < 0.0001) for verbs than nouns. Thus, less use of ME for verbs stems from something about event conceptualization rather than child development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language acquisition; Semantics of language; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xb5g9qw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Panpan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sudha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arunachalam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50283/galley/38245/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50413, "title": "Narrative Communication as a Learning Tool for Resolving Exploration-Exploitation Dilemmas", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Narratives and storytelling are proposed to be essential means through which humans acquire, preserve and transmit information about their environment. The current project investigated narrative transmission in the context of a multi-armed bandit task; an experimental paradigm that simulates an uncertain exploration-exploitation environment. Following the task, participants taught the next generation of players how to find rewards in the task by writing the ending to a folktale about two foragers, one explorer and one exploiter, living in the same environment.\nPreliminary analyses indicate that whether participants chose to transmit a story that encouraged exploration, exploitation, both strategies, or neither, was best predicted by individual differences. Reported strategy or actual behaviour and performance in the task were not key predictors.\nFuture study plans include investigating how performance, behaviour and narrative transmission preferences are affected by receiving a narrative as learning material before the task compared to individual trial-and-error or factual descriptions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Culture; Learning; Machine learning; Problem Solving; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nt9d5zd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Isobel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mollica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoshihisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kashima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50413/galley/38375/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49241, "title": "Native Language Suffixation Patterns and Perception of Sequences: A Case of Cantonese Speakers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In the languages of the world, it is more common to form complex words by adding suffixes to the end, rather than prefixes at the beginning. It has been argued that this pattern may reflect the salience of word beginnings (Hawkins and Cutler 1988, Hupp et al. 2009). For example, Hupp et al. (2009) find that English speakers rate sequences of syllables that differ at the end as more similar than those that differ at the beginning. However, subsequent research has shown that people's perceptions of sequence similarity are affected by the word-formation patterns in their native language. While the beginnings of sequences are perceived as more salient by speakers of suffixing languages (e.g., English), the ends are more salient to speakers of prefixing languages (e.g., Kîîtharaka, Martin and Culbertson 2020). Thus, it remains unclear whether universal perceptual preferences are linked to the predominance of suffixing in the world's languages. We address this question by investigating perceptual-similarity judgments in speakers of Cantonese — a language with little affixation. We find that, like English speakers, Cantonese speakers perceive the beginnings as more salient, in sequences of shapes and syllables. This finding revives the possibility of a universal perceptual bias, albeit one that can be strengthened or attenuated with language experience.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Perception; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cz4m3tq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shuting", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Itamar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kastner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Culbertson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49241/galley/37202/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49241/galley/38747/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49911, "title": "Naturalistic action sampling as foraging in the option space", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Human decision-making involves navigating unbounded spaces of possible goals, subgoals, and action sequences. Yet, computational models typically assume pre-defined option sets. This creates a critical gap between the algorithms developed in cognitive science research on decision-making and the open nature of real-world decisions. We propose that option generation in open-ended settings operates as a search through structured decision space. Drawing on foraging theory, we hypothesized that option generation follows Lévy flight distributions, a pattern observed in both spatial foraging and memory retrieval. We found that the inter-generation time between consecutive responses in open-ended option generation problems approximated a Lévy distribution, while semantic distances demonstrated properties of heavy-tailed distributions. These findings reveal connections between action planning, information search, and memory retrieval, suggesting shared computational principles in how humans explore unbounded decision spaces.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Evolution; Memory; Natural Language Processing; Semantic memory; Knowledge representation; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4g3827v6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dracheva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phillips", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49911/galley/37873/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49136, "title": "Naturalistic observation of language development outside the home", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How do children learn to talk to others? Mastery of language means being able to communicate with a wide array of interlocutors (Schieffelin & Ochs, 1986). Yet researchers have tended to treat parent-child interaction as the paradigmatic site of language learning, neglecting how children learn to use language with other people in their lives. As a result, we have come to not only lack basic facts about the full distribution of children's language input and use; we miss precisely those contexts that call for complex conversational skills, such as adapting to novel interlocutors and maintaining conversations without parent scaffolding.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xd3r8t8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Claire", "middle_name": "Augusta", "last_name": "Bergey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Casillas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Messinger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Miami", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "Z.", "last_name": "Sparks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49136/galley/37097/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49136/galley/38642/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49162, "title": "Navigating Family Ties: Young Children's Cognitive Representations of the Family Network", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Family is often central to an individual's early life. However, past work suggests mixed evidence as to whether young children can represent family relationships, showing even the words used to represent these relationships—like grandmother—are hard for young children to learn and define. The current study investigates whether 4-to-5-year-old children (N=64) recognize relationships in their families, testing the hypothesis that children can recognize intimate relationships in their environments. Children expected moms to seek out comfort from maternal but not paternal grandparents and expected dads to seek out comfort from paternal but not maternal grandparents. Children did not share those expectations for general information-seeking, and instead expected their parents to seek information for the relative with the relevant skill even when that grandparent was not socially close to the parent. These results suggest that from a young age, humans have the capacity to recognize relationships within their earliest social network—the family.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ff0f593", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Steele", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ashley", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Thomas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49162/galley/37123/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49162/galley/38668/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49229, "title": "Near-Zipfian Distribution is Prevalent in Infant Input", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding infants' natural input is essential for advancing theories of cognitive development and learning. Recent research indicates that across modalities, infant input approximates a near-Zipfian distribution, with a large amount of input about a few items and substantially less about the rest. However, prior work has only examined aggregated distributions across subjects, focused on a single modality in isolation, and considered the input available to infants rather than what they actively select. We show that at both the corpus and individual levels, infant attention selection and the verbal input infants receive from parents follows a near-Zipfian distribution. Moreover, when integrating across modalities, the verbal input infants hear while attending to the same object becomes even more skewed than verbal input alone. Findings suggest that Zipfian-like structure is not only a property of infant environments but emerges through active selection, highlighting its potential role in shaping early learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Embodied Cognition; Perception" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1q63787s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brianna", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Kaplan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas at Austin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas at Austin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49229/galley/37190/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49229/galley/38735/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50159, "title": "Negation as a tool for conveying mental models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Negations (e.g. \"the ball isn't red\") are thought to contain less information than their positive counterparts (e.g. \"the ball is green\"), which poses a pragmatic puzzle: why ever use them? We contend that negations convey additional information about a speaker's mental model of the world, revealing preferences and expectations. For example, \"the ball isn't red\" implies the speaker's expectation that the ball could or should have been red — that it being red was worth considering. Here, we demonstrate that speakers take advantage of the dual world and world-model information conveyed by negation when faced with the need to efficiently share information about their beliefs across many contexts. Across four experiments, we demonstrate that speakers use significantly more negations when differentiating between possible causal models of a situation, explaining their political beliefs to a member of the opposite party, discussing racial differences, and sharing genre-specific sources of narrative conflict.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Pragmatics; Social cognition; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24h6r53n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kathryn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Nell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phillips", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Templeton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wheatley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kiara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Finn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50159/galley/38121/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49945, "title": "Neglect zero: evidence from priming across constructions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent studies use semantic structural priming to show that various cases of linguistic strengthening happen through a common mechanism: generation of implicatures through alternative-based (scalar) reasoning. In this paper, we used priming to investigate another group of cases, where strengthening is postulated to follow from the tendency to systematically neglect structures that verify a sentence by virtue of an empty configuration (neglect-zero): empty-set quantifiers ('at most/fewer than') and disjunction under a universal quantifier. We report data indicating semantic priming between these two structures, but not between them and scalar 'some'. We propose that 1. there is a common mechanism in use for strengthening constructions postulated to follow from the neglect-zero tendency, and that 2. this mechanism is different from the one involved in alternative-based reasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language and thought; Pragmatics; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36w6x7z9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tomasz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Klochowicz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fabian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schlotterbeck", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of TŸbingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sonia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ramotowska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Oliver", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bott", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bielefeld University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aloni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49945/galley/37907/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49965, "title": "Neural basis of individual differences in tonal effects on perceived duration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studies in speech perception have consistently found that the perceived duration of a syllable is significantly influenced by the dynamics of the contour of its fundamental frequency (f0). Syllables with a dynamic f0 contour are perceived as longer than those with a flat f0, even though their acoustic duration is identical; high f0 syllables are perceived as longer than low f0 syllables of the same acoustic duration. Yet, while some listeners exhibit the expected perceptual normalization patterns, others show no f0-induced perceptual adjustments. \n\nThis study investigates the neural foundation for this individual variability by examining listeners' scalp-recorded frequency-following response (FFR), a measure of phase-locked auditory encoding in humans that has been used to study subcortical processing in the auditory system. Our findings reveal that the FFR predicts listeners' duration estimation performance in different f0 contexts. Additionally, the FFR predicts the magnitude of the f0 influence on perceived duration, which highlights the complex interaction between sensory processing and speech perception.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Perception; Sensory Processing; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9156c5st", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tzu-Yun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49965/galley/37927/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50465, "title": "Neural correlates of mental attention in adolescents: a cross-sectional fMRI study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Mental attention, a maturational component of working memory, develops significantly during adolescence, yet its neural correlates remain unclear (Arsalidou et al., 2010). This study used fMRI to examine brain activity in adolescents (13–16 years, n = 28) performing a blocked-design Color Matching Task with increasing difficulty. Results revealed consistent activation in frontoparietal regions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, superior parietal lobule, and cerebellum, across easy and moderate difficulty levels. Higher task demands recruited additional regions, such as the middle frontal gyrus and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, with lateralization patterns varying by difficulty and age. Whole-brain analyses highlighted distinct recruitment of attentional networks across difficulty levels. Findings align with working memory research, emphasizing the protracted maturation of the prefrontal cortex and functional reorganization of mental-attentional networks during adolescence. This study advances our understanding of cognitive development and contributes to models of working memory and attentional control in developing brains.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Cognitive development; Memory; Spatial cognition; fMRI" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47g0m3x9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Faber", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HSE University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chuikova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Asya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Istomina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HSE University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arsalidou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50465/galley/38427/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49903, "title": "Neural Representations of Social Interactivity: A Perceptual and Language Model Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When given the opportunity, humans naturally engage in anthropomorphism, which may reflect a bias to engage in mentalistic attributions in understanding social interactions. In this experiment, we evaluate whether neural activity in social perceptual brain regions can be explained by perceptual cues of agency and interactivity, or by semantic models of written descriptions of Heider-Simmel style animations. Models were compared in representational similarity space using variance partitioning of the neural response from the STS, TPJ, and PCC. The right STS and TPJ were best explained by perceptual models of distance between the agents, an indicator of interactivity, and separately by the similarity structure of the free responses, which captured both action and interaction terms. Together, these results implicate the importance of contextual framing, either through perceptual features of interactivity or social context as implied by the nature of interactions, as defining features in neural representations of interactivity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; fMRI" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zx9n16c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sajjad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Torabian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Pyles", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hongjing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Grossman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49903/galley/37865/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49407, "title": "Neural responses of Interval Judgment in the Tritone Paradox", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Tritone Paradox is an auditory illusion in which a sequence of two complex tones is perceived as either ascending or descending, depending on the individual. It presents an interesting phenomenon for investigating pitch perception in contexts. however, no neurophysiological study has been conducted. This study identified event-related potential (ERP) correlates of pitch judgments under different pitch contexts. Twenty-seven participants judged whether the tritone pair was perceived as ascending or descending after listening to a sequence of ascending or descending tone pairs. Cortical auditory evoked responses to the second tone of the tritone pair were compared across contexts. In the Rise context, standard stimuli evoked larger responses at Fp1; in the Fall context, deviant stimuli elicited stronger responses across all sites. These results suggest that frontal and central brain regions are involved in processing ambiguous pitch stimuli, and that ERP responses reflect the interaction between stimulus context and perceptual.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Neuroscience; Psychology; Music; Perception; Electroencephalography (EEG); Statistics; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4h9701fg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Subeen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seoul National University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jusung", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Iowa", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Inyong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Iowa", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kyogu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seoul National University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49407/galley/37369/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49782, "title": "Neural Signatures of Semantic and Perceptual Memory Formation Become More Similar Across Development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In adults, the contribution of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to memory encoding varies depending on the type of information being learned. Because these regions are still developing in children, their contribution to the formation of memories for different types of associations may differ from that of adults. Here, we examined how semantic and perceptual similarity between items affects memory behaviour and neural engagement in children (6-7 years) and adults. Participants completed a pair learning task during functional magnetic resonance imaging, in which pairs were perceptually or semantically related. Memory was tested outside the scanner with cued recall. Semantic similarity facilitated recall in both age groups, but more so in adults. Neurally, semantic pairs elicited broad frontoparietal activity while perceptual pairs engaged ventral visual and lateral prefrontal areas. Children showed more distinct neural responses to semantic versus perceptual pairs than adults, as well as more engagement in anterior hippocampus for semantic than perceptual pairs. These findings suggest that semantic similarity provides a powerful scaffold for memory across development, with age-related changes in memory encoding marked by a shift toward reliance on more integrated neural systems.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Neuroscience; Psychology; Cognitive development; Development; Memory; fMRI" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gd7f1x0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "McArthur", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sagana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vijayarajah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Schlichting", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49782/galley/37744/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50127, "title": "Neural Speech Tracking and Accents: Are You Familiar with My Accent?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study explores neural speech tracking of local and foreign accents. Studies have found neuro-cognitive differences for foreign accent processing in lower-level acoustic extraction and higher-level predictive mechanisms. However, how these mechanisms are recruited in speech tracking for different accents remains unclear. We explored neural speech tracking while 24 native English speakers listened to local and foreign accents in an EEG experiment. We examined the decoder accuracy of predicted speech envelopes using the Temporal Response Function to the speech envelope of our stimuli. Results showed stronger tracking for the local accent, and for accents participants rated more familiar. Findings suggest that participants utilized available cognitive resources to recruit predictive mechanisms during local accent processing, allowing them to attend to speech cues more efficiently. This top-down benefit was less available for foreign accents as listeners could not effectively access pre-stored sound variations for predictions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Language Comprehension; Speech recognition; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xp5t93f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shang-En", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Martindale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "San Diego State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Seana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Coulson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50127/galley/38089/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49602, "title": "Neural Thurstone Model: Leveraging Latent Spaces for Collective Intelligence in Ranking Predictions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Thurstone models have been widely applied in wisdom-ofthe-crowd applications to aggregate individual rankings due to their ability to represent individual knowledge and achieve high accuracy. However, they lack the ability to generalize even across highly similar items and cannot leverage external knowledge bases or learned machine representations. In this work, we extend Thurstone models for partial ranking data by introducing a latent construct that maps pretrained vector representations to latent truths. These representations are finetuned through a single neural network layer, enhancing the model's ability to capture meaningful ranking structures. We evaluate our neural Thurstone model across objective ranking tasks, including animal speeds, material hardness, and the longitudinal positioning of U.S. states from west to east. Our results demonstrate that the extended model improves aggregation accuracy in sparse data settings and generalizes to novel items with moderate predictive accuracy, highlighting its potential to enhance collective intelligence in ranking-based inference.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wh63804", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Necdet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gurkan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Missouri - St. Louis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49602/galley/37564/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49180, "title": "Neuro-identity mixing impacts linguistic accommodation and regularisation: evidence from autistic and allistic interactions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Linguistic accommodation is the process by which people make their language more like that of their interlocutor, and has been argued to contribute to language change. However, it is unclear to what extent people of different neurotypes accommodate, or how neurotype mixing -- which has been shown to reduce communicative success -- impacts linguistic accommodation. In this paper, we build on previous research which uses artificial language learning to investigate accommodation as a mechanism for linguistic regularisation (i.e., the reduction of variation in a grammatical system). We test the impact of neurotype mixing on accommodation, with the aim of better understanding whether such mixing impacts processes of language change. Our results suggest that both allistic and autistic participants accommodate less and retain less of the variant when in mixed-neurotype pairs, but that this effect is more pronounced in autistic people. We discuss the importance of these results with respect to the Double Empathy theory of mixed-neurotype communication and language evolution.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4660q7cf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "E F", "last_name": "Fletcher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Culbertson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hugh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rabagliati", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49180/galley/37141/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49180/galley/38686/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49138, "title": "New Perspectives in Computational Modeling of Human Attention", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This symposium will present a set of four talks and a panel discussion that will together take the audience inside a scientific revolution that has been (largely quietly) unfolding in the field of attention: A set of recent computational modeling approaches that allow us to think about human attention in fundamentally new ways. \n\nIn cognitive science, studies of attention stand out in at least two dimensions. First, and most bluntly, it is an outright confusing area to work in. \"Attention\" is a term ascribed to many sorts of mechanisms and phenomena. Case in point: there are at least three papers all published in 2024 presenting ongoing active (and, surprisingly, topically, largely non-overlapping) debates: Rosenholtz (2024), Theeuwes (2024), and Wu (2024). \n \nSecond, attention stands out in the extent of the gap between the rich empirical phenomena integrated into conceptual theories, versus formal computational models, with most influential models dating back at least a decade (e.g., Bruce & Tsotsos, 2005; Bundesen et al., 2015; Reynolds & Heeger, 2009; Wolfe, Cave, & Franzel, 1994; Dosher & Lu, 2000), rather than keeping up with the advances in experimental work.\n \nThis 90-minute-long gathering will show how the field of attention has been radically changing along both dimensions --- how models of attention have been carving new and productive ways of better drawing the contours of what attention is and enabling progress toward a more integrated research landscape of experiments and modeling.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x58f4zq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ilker", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yildirim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49138/galley/37099/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49138/galley/38644/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49622, "title": "No directional preference for grammaticalization in semantic extension game", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Grammaticalization is the process by which a lexical item (e.g., noun) acquires a more functional role (e.g., preposition) over time. Grammaticalization is considered largely unidirectional, that is, change from functional to lexical is far less common (Hopper & Traugott, 2003). What is the cause of this unidirectionality? Our experiment tests whether individuals have a preference in the direction of grammaticalization when performing semantic extension in communication. We focus on the phenomenon of using body part nouns as a source of spatial prepositions. We predicted that participants extending body parts to use as prepositions would find the task easier and more intuitive than participants extending prepositions to use as body parts. However, our results show no directional bias, indicating that the historical unidirectional tendency for body parts to be used as spatial relations does not originate in a bias that individuals have for using one to refer to the other.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Interactive behavior; Language Comprehension; Language Production; Pragmatics; Semantics of language; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cf3w6m4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kapron-King", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kirby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Graeme", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trousdale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49622/galley/37584/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49785, "title": "No Evidence for Cost-Benefit Arbitration Between Social Learning Strategies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When learning a task by observing another person performing it, an individual can either focus on imitating the other's behavior (policy imitation), or attempt to infer the other's goals and beliefs and adjust their own behavior accordingly (goal emulation). Imitation is considered to be computationally cheap but less accurate, while emulation is considered to be computationally costly but more accurate. Drawing upon research on computational resource rationality, we ask whether individuals incorporate cost-benefit considerations when choosing whether to imitate actions or emulate goals. To answer this question, we used an observational-learning extension of a two-step bandit task, and manipulated the reward at stake. Participants' behavior was best fit by a dual-process model of goal emulation and one-step imitation, consistent with findings from previous research. However, contrary to our hypothesis and inconsistent with cost-benefit arbitration, we found no evidence that rewards at stake influenced participants' social learning strategies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Learning; Theory of Mind; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6gs0v9rs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ariel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Levy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xavier", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roberts-Gaal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fiery", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cushman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49785/galley/37747/download/" } ] } ] }