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{ "count": 38386, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=33000", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=32800", "results": [ { "pk": 32478, "title": "A Little Knowledge Goes a Long Way in Category Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5z94m21v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Audrey", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Kaplan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Cognitive Studies in Medicine, McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Murphy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Cognitive Studies in Medicine, McGill University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32478/galley/23543/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32499, "title": "A Logic Programming Framework for Question/Answer Dialogues", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m53z2nz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jose", "middle_name": "Gabriel", "last_name": "Lopes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paulo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Quaresma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Development and Family Studies, Cornell University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Irena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rodrigues", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Development and Family Studies, Cornell University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32499/galley/23564/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32246, "title": "Ambiguity and Competition in Lexical Segmentation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Earlier research has suggested that left embedded words (e.g. cat in catalog) present a problem for spoken word recognition since it is potentially unclear whether there is a word boundary at the offset of cat. Models of spoken word recognition have incorporated processes of competition so that the identification of embedded words can be delayed until longer interpretations have been ruled out. However, evidence from acoustic phonetics has previously shown that there are differences in acoustic duration between the syllables of embedded words and the onsets of longer competitors. The research reported here used gating and cross-modal priming to investigate the recognition of embedded words. Results indicate that subjects use these acoustic differences to discriminate between monosyllabic words and the onset of longer words. We therefore suggest that on-line processes of lexical segmentation and word recognition are sensitive to acoustic information, such as syllable duration, that may only be contrastive with reference to prior spoken context.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3186d8nh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. Computer and Information Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Marslen-Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "M.", "middle_name": "Gareth", "last_name": "Gaskell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32246/galley/23311/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32244, "title": "A Mixture of Experts Model Exhibiting Prosopagnosia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A considerable body of evidence from prosopagnosia, a deficit in face recognition dissociable from nonface object recognition, indicates that the visual system devotes a specialized functional area to mechanisms appropriate for face processing. We present a modular neural network composed of two \"expert\" networks and one mediating \"gate\" network with the task of learning to recognize the faces of 12 individuals and classifying 36 nonface objects as members of one of three classes. While learning the task, the network tends to divide labor between the two expert modules, with one expert specializing in face processing and the other specializing in nonface object processing. After training, we observe the network's performance on a test set as one of the experts is progressively damaged. The results roughly agree with data reported for prosopagnosic patients: as damage to the \"face\" expert increases, the network's face recognition performance decreases dramatically while its object classification performance drops slowly. We conclude that data-driven competitive learning between two unbiased functional units can give rise to localized face processing, and that selective damage in such a system could underlie prosopagnosia.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/179813fn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Dailey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Committee on the History and Philosophy of Science, Department of Philosophy, University of Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Garrison", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Cottrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Speech and Language, Psychology Department, Birkbeck College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Curtis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Padgett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Speech and Language, Psychology Department, Birkbeck College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32244/galley/23309/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32473, "title": "A Model Incorporating Relative Prominence for Asymmetric Similarity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/06g5032v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mikael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johannesson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Program in Cognitive Psychology at University of California at Santa Cruz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32473/galley/23538/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32584, "title": "A Model of Expert Inspection of SPECT Heart Images", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xk134rq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carl", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Turner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Life Sciences (Psychology), Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "E.", "middle_name": "James", "last_name": "Andrews", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Technology Center, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32584/galley/23648/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32333, "title": "A Model of Rapid Memory Formation in the Hippocampal System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Our ability to remember events and situations in our daily life demonstrates our ability to rapidly acquire new memories. There is a broad consensus that the hippocampal system (HS) plays a critical role in the formation and retrieval of such memories. A computational model is described that demonstrates how the HS may rapidly transform a transient pattern of activity representing an event or a situation into a persistent stuctural encoding via long-term potentiation and long-term depression.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1df1648j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lokendra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shastri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32333/galley/23398/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32455, "title": "A Model of Spontaneous Activity and Neural Development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8z7514rr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Haith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Heeger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32455/galley/23520/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32558, "title": "A Model of Visual Search Termination with an Age-related Factor", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/58x939d1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Johnna", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Shapiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lionel", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Shapiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32558/galley/23622/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32277, "title": "A Model Theory of Modal Reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper presents a new theory of modal reasoning, i.e. reasoning about what may or may not be the case, and what must or must not be the case. A conclusion is possible if it holds in at least one mental model, whereas it is necessary if it holds in all the models. The theory makes a crucial prediction, which we corroborated experimentally. There is a key interaction: it is easier to infer that a situation is possible as opposed to impossible, whereas it is easier to infer that a situation is not necessary as opposed to necessary.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32d9n5j0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Johnson-Laird", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Victoria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32277/galley/23342/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32376, "title": "Analogical Reasoning in an Impenetrable-Memory Cognitive Architecture", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f7346zn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sayan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bhattacharyya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Technology Center, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Laird", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Technology Center, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32376/galley/23441/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32485, "title": "Analogical Transfer of the Control of Variables Strategy by Elementary School Children: An Instructional Method", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vh6h9wp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Klahr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Cognitive Science, New Bulgarian University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Cognitive Science, New Bulgarian University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32485/galley/23550/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32567, "title": "Analysis of Multi-dimensional Cognitive Processes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nd134s2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Slotnick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California at Berkeley, Graduate School of Education", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Klein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32567/galley/23631/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32350, "title": "An Architectural Account of Errors in Foreign Languange Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "It has often been observed among teachers of English as a foreign language that the English article system is difficult for learners to master. This paper provides a processing account which pinpoints the source of these errors as being within the learner's architecture for production. We illustrate our account with a computational model of one group of foreign language learners embedded within NL-Soar. The model's control structure and learning mechanism are used to explain the architectural character of errors and to predict the conditions required for overcoming them.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vq0q6zf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "VanDyke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NASA Ames Research Center", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jill", "middle_name": "Fain", "last_name": "Lehman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Hamilton College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32350/galley/23415/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32565, "title": "A Neural Network Model of Discrimination Shifts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mp2w419", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sylvain", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sirois", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computing Science, King's College, University of Aberdeen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Shultz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vision Science Department, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32565/galley/23629/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32545, "title": "A Neural Network Model of Normal and Impaired Calculation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fs8k0g3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanfey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Akira", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miyake", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32545/galley/23609/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32224, "title": "A Neural Network Model of Visual Tilt Aftereffects", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "RF-LISSOM, a self-organizing model of laterally connected orientation maps in the primary visual cortex, was used to study the psychological phenomenon known as the tilt aftereffect. The same self-organizing processes that are responsible for the long-term development of the map and its lateral connections are shown to result in tilt aftereffects over short time scales in the adult. The model allows observing large numbers of neurons and connections simultaneously, making it possible to relate higher-level phenomena to low-level events, which is difficult to do experimentally. The results give computational support for the idea that direct tilt aftereffects arise from adaptive lateral interactions between feature detectors, as has long been surmised. They also suggest that indirect effects could result from the conservation of synaptic resources during this process. The model thus provides a unified computational explanation of self-organization and both direct and indirect tilt aftereffects in the primary visual cortex.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1178f721", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Bednar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Risto", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miikulainen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32224/galley/23289/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32410, "title": "A New Look at Categorization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bj0g3zr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Discenna", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CNRS/Universite Lyon", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32410/galley/23475/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32524, "title": "An Information-Theoretic Approach to Non-Parametric Clustering", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vt5m9mn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emmanuel", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Pothos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Psychology and Radiology, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Psychology and Radiology, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32524/galley/23589/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32449, "title": "An Integrated View of Structural Model Driven Scientific Discovery", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kk5x521", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adrian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gordon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32449/galley/23514/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32262, "title": "An Objective Approach to Trajectory Mapping through Simulating Annealing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Trajectory Mapping (TM) was introduced in 1995 as a new experimental paradigm and scaling technique. Because only a manual heuristic for processing the data was included, we offer an algorithm based on simulated annealing that combines both a computational approach to processing TM data and a model of the human heuristic used by Richards and Koenderink (1995). We briefly compare the TM approach with MDS and clustering, and then describe the details of the algorithm itself and present relevant several diagnostic measures.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36k4d7h7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gilbert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Research Laboratory", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32262/galley/23327/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32531, "title": "Application of Fuzzy Neural Networks on Financial Problems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5r45m39s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rast", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32531/galley/23595/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32568, "title": "Applying a Framework for Conceptual Change in the Science Classroom: Studies of Knowledge Integration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gn2b8fd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Slotta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Liege", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cuthbert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Cognitive Science and Cultural Studies, Hampshire College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32568/galley/23632/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32341, "title": "A Rational Analysis of Alternating Search and Reflection Strategies in Problem Solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper two approaches to problem solving, search and reflection, are discussed, and combined in two models, both based on rational analysis (Anderson, 1990). The first model is a dynamic growth model, which shows that alternating search and reflection is a rational strategy. The second model is a model in ACT-R, which can discover and revise strategies to solve simple problems. Both models exhibit the explore-insight pattern normally attributed to insight problem solving.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4h95x2bv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Niels", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Taatgen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Education, Tokyo Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32341/galley/23406/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32416, "title": "Architectural Support for Routine Evolution", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kp7t7sg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Earl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "R.", "middle_name": "James", "last_name": "Firby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32416/galley/23481/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32339, "title": "Architecture and Experience in Sentence Processing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Models of the human sentence processing mechanism have traditionally appealed to innate architectural restrictions to explain observed patterns of behavior. Recently, a number of proposcds have instead emphasized the role of linguistic experience in guiding sentence interpretation, suggesting that various frequency measures play a crucial role in ambiguity resolution. What has been lacking thus far is a detailed analysis of the linguistic and computational properties that could explain why those particular aspects of experience are effective in shaping behavior. In this paper, we present a linguistic analysis that reveals restrictions on the representational ability of the sentence processor, explaining its sensitivity to particular factors in the linguistic environment. The proposal receives strong support from a large-scale corpus analysis.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53j2t766", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Suzanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stevenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computational Linguistics Research Group, Freiburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paola", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Merlo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cognitive Science and Engineering, University of Groningen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32339/galley/23404/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32378, "title": "Are Attractors Necessary in a Connectionist Model of Deep Dyslexia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/40x0c1ct", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Blanc", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "J.", "middle_name": "Devin", "last_name": "McAuley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wiles", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32378/galley/23443/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32549, "title": "A Research Agenda for Exploring Synchronous Computer Supported Collaborative Working", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pw6r7nb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eileen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scanlon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Open University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Shea", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Randall", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yibing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Program in Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32549/galley/23613/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32496, "title": "Argument Structure and the Role of Theme", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22n1r4kj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chungmin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of English, Chinese University of Hong Kong", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32496/galley/23561/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32613, "title": "A Strategy for Handling Type-2 Problems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2241f647", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Istvan", "middle_name": "S. N.", "last_name": "Berkeley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Philosophy, Univ. of California, Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32613/galley/23677/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32306, "title": "A Sublexical Locus for Repetition Blindness: Evidence from Illusory Words", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When words containing an orthographically similar segment (<i>rock</i>, <i>shock</i>) are rapidly displayed in word lists and immediately reported by subjects, the second critical word (W2) is frequently omitted, a deficit known as repetition blindness (Kanwisher, 1987). Three experiments used an illusory words paradigm to demonstrate a sublexical locus for repetition blindness in orthographically overlapping words. In Experiment 1, we constructed RSVP streams of words and word fragments which would allow the W2's unique letter clusters to combine with a word fragment to create a word, as in <i>rock shock ell</i>. The illusory word <i>shell</i> was produced 36% of the time in the RB condition, compared to 16 % of the time for letter migration control trials (<i>rock shoeu ell</i>) and 16% of trials containing sequential presentation of the illusory word's fragments (<i>rock sh ell</i>). Experiment 2 demonstrated the same superiority for the RB condition over a letter migration control using nonword stimuli (<i>riwu shiwu ell</i>). Experiment 3 showed that the unique letters left-over after RB are marked for position. Implications for models of repetition blindness are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46b5c410", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alison", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Morris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Stanford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Catheringe", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Harris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32306/galley/23371/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32576, "title": "A Summary of Skill Learning Using A Bottom-Up Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nd2q5fj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Development, Cornell University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Merrill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Development, Cornell University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peterson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Psychology, Cornell University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32576/galley/23640/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32488, "title": "Asymmetries in Analogical Mapping: A Test of a Process Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mz7884w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tate", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Kubose", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Cognitive Studies in Medicine, McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Keith", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Holyoak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cognition and Development, Graduate School of Education, UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hummel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Cognitive Studies in Medicine, McGill University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32488/galley/23553/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32586, "title": "Asymmetries in Intermanual Transfer of Visual-Motor Learning in Four-year-olds", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pb0772h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Izumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uehara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Faculty of Psychology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32586/galley/23650/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32500, "title": "Asynchronous Connectionist Binding", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/93v024jb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bradley", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Love", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32500/galley/23565/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32391, "title": "A Three-space Theory of Problem Solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23q0t3xm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bruce", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Burns", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Regina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vollmeyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Equipe Textima, C.N.R.S., Universite Paul Valery", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32391/galley/23456/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32566, "title": "A Toolbox for Goal-driven Knowledge Acquisition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fd23221", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Derek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sleeman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vision Science Department, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "White", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California at Berkeley, Graduate School of Education", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32566/galley/23630/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32273, "title": "Attention and U-Shaped Learning in the Acquisition of the Past Tense", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Plunkett & Marchman (1993) showed that a neural network trained on an incrementally expanded training set was able to master the past tense and show the U-shaped learning pattern characteristic of children. In Jackson, Constandse & Cottrell (1996) we argued that Plunkett & Marchman's restriction of the training set was unrealistic and proposed a model of selective attention that enabled our network to master the past tense without external restrictions on its training set. Analysis in the present paper shows that the network in Jackson, Constandse & Cottrell (1996) does not exhibit appropriate U-shaped learning, however. We propose a modified model of selective attention that results in the mastery of the past tense as well as the kind of U-shaped learning observed in children.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3gs4v1cg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jackson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Neuroscience Program", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Garrison", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Cottrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32273/galley/23338/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32547, "title": "Attention to Color in Children's Word Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9018q6hm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Saxon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Open University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Linda", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Open University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32547/galley/23611/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32468, "title": "Attenuation of the Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff Through Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6sz792vt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wayne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iba", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Philosophy, University of Houston", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32468/galley/23533/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32578, "title": "Automating the Creation of Advice Based Hypermedia Systems for Task Performance Support", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3501c2r6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sandor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Szego", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LEIBNIZ-IMAG", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Domeshek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate Program in Cognitive Science & Center for Knowledge and Language Processing, University of Hamburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ray", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bareiss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32578/galley/23642/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32369, "title": "Before You Know It: The Automaticity of Everyday Life", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5p91t9mb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Bargh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32369/galley/23434/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32348, "title": "Beyond Representativeness: Productive Intuitions About Probability", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Although research has found many flaws in people's probabilistic reasoning, we have found that middle-school students have many productive ideas about probability. This study examines the probabilistic reasoning used by middle-school students as they used a technology-mediated inquiry environment that was concepmalized and developed to engage students in the task of analyzing the fairness of games of chance. This research demonstrates that students employ productive probabilistic reasoning when participating in this task, and also demonstrates that commonly reported heuristics such as representativeness do not adequately describe student reasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b2884m2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Phil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vahey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Noel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Enyedy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bernard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gifford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32348/galley/23413/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32307, "title": "Body Schemas", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Two studies investigated the existence and properties of the body schema, people's mental representation of the space of their bodies. Participants verified whether a named and a depicted body part were the same or different either when presented a picture of a whole body or when presented the body part alone. Part significance accounted for verification times better than part size or part discontinuity, suggesting that mental representations of the body reflect proprioceptive as well as visual knowledge.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s9592fp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "Bauer", "last_name": "Morrison", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tversky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32307/galley/23372/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32354, "title": "Building Lexical Representations Dynamically Using Artificial Neural Networks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The topic of this paper is the development of dynamic lexical representations using artificial neural networks. In previous work on connectionist natural language processing a lot of approaches have experimented with manually encoded lexicon representations for words. However from a cognitive point of view as well as an engineering point of view it is difficult to find appropriate representations for the lexicon entries for a given task. In this context, this paper explores the use of building word representations during a training process for a particular task. Using simple recurrent networks, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering we show how lexical representations can be formed dynamically, especially for neural network modules in large, real-world, computational speech-language modeIs.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2b8363cw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stefan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wermter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Laboratoire de la Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action, College de France/CNRS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Manuela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meurer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA Psychology Department", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32354/galley/23419/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32471, "title": "Can Tutors Diagnose Students' Understanding?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fz9j1sm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Heisawn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jeong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Program in SLAT, The University of Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Siler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lund University Cognitive Science and Department of Computer Science, University College of Skovde", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michelene", "middle_name": "T. H.", "last_name": "Chi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32471/galley/23536/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32372, "title": "Categorical Perception and Expertise: How Experience Changes Face Perception", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9823z9x2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Beale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32372/galley/23437/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32504, "title": "Categorisation Processes in Language Acquisition: How Prototypes Can Predict the Acquisition of the English Passive", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34r753jk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kerstin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meints", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32504/galley/23569/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32225, "title": "Categorization by Elimination: A Fast and Frugal Approach to Categorization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People and other animals are very adept at categorizing stimuli even when many features cannot be perceived. Many psychological models of categorization, on the other hand, assume that an entire set of features is known. We present a new model of categorization, called Categorization by Elimination, that uses as few features as possible to make an accurate category assignment. This algorithm demonstrates that it is possible to have a categorization process that is fast and frugal--using fewer features than other categorization methods--yet still highly accurate in its judgments. W e show that Categorization by Elimination does as well as human subjects on a multi-feature categorization task, judging intention from animate motion, and that it does as well as other categorization algorithms on data sets from machine learning. Specific predictions of the Categorization by Elimination algorithm, such as the order of cue use during categorization and the time-course of these decisions, still need to be tested against human performance.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80k9v60h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Berretty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences - MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Todd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences - MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Blythe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences - MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32225/galley/23290/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32529, "title": "Categorizing Physics Problems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5mz2b4j4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mitchell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rabinowitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Institut fur Mathematik", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hodulik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Victoria University of Wellington", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32529/galley/23593/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32590, "title": "Causal Explanation as Constraint Satisfaction: A Critique and a Feedforward Connectionist Alternative", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32x5t7pb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frank", "middle_name": "Van", "last_name": "Overwalle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32590/galley/23654/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32227, "title": "Causal Induction: The Power PC Theory versus the Rescorla-Wagner Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Two experiments compared the influence of the probability of the effect given the absence of the candidate cause on the causal judgments of candidate causes with the same AP, defined as the difference between the probability of the effect in the presence of a candidate cause and that in its absence. Our results strongly support the power PC theory (Cheng, 1997) but contradict the Rescorla-Wagner model (1972) and the traditional AP model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tm70424", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marc", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Buehner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Patricia", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vision Tech. Cent., Autodesk APG", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32227/galley/23292/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32349, "title": "Causal Judgements That Violate the Predictions of the Power PC Theory of Causal Induction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The causal power theory of the probabilistic contrast model (or power PC theory) of causal induction (Cheng, in press) states that estimates of the causal importance of a candidate cause are determined by the covariation between the cause and the effect and the probability of the effect as indexed by the probability of the effect in the absence of the cause. In two causal induction experiments we tested predictions derived from the equations of the power PC theory. In Experiment 1, the power PC theory predicted equivalent causal estimates in conditions where the probability of the effect given the presence of the cause, P(<i>effect </i>| <i>cause</i>), equalled 1 and in conditions where P(<i>effect </i>| <i>cause</i>) equalled 0. Judgments, however, differed significantly within these conditions and conformed to the predictions of a simpler contingency model. These prediction failures might be attributable to the particular values of P(<i>effect </i>| <i>cause</i>), and thus Experiment 2 set this probability to values other than 1 or 0. Causal judgments again disconfirmed the predictions of the power PC theory and this time significantly failed to conform to the predictions of a simple contingency model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5qp978zw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frederic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vallee-Tourangeau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University, Computer Science Department", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Murphy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University, Computer Science Department", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Drew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NASA Ames Research Center", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32349/galley/23414/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32340, "title": "Centered Segmentation: Scaling up the Centering Model to Global Referential Discourse Structure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "introduce a methodology for determining referents in full-length texts in a computationally parsimonious way. Based on the centering model, whose focus is on the local coherence of discourse, we build up a hierarchy of referential discourse segments from the local centering data. The spatial extension and nesting of these discourse segments constrain the reachability of potential antecedents of an anaphoric expression above the level of adjacent center pairs. Thus, the centering model is scaled up to the level of global discourse structure.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32c5h9k2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strube", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Udo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Education, Tokyo Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32340/galley/23405/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32220, "title": "Claim Strength and Burden of Proof in Interactive Arguments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Previous research shows an anti-primacy effect (Bailenson & Rips, 1996), in that the first speaker in a conversational argument incurs more Burden of Proof (BOP) than the second speaker. In addition, claims may be encoded differently when they are embedded in a structured dialogue than when processed outside the context of the argument. We were interested in determining how the strength of specific claims in the argument depend on their location in the structure as a whole, and whether anti-primacy would persist in disputes where the claims offered by the two speakers were equally convincing. Subjects read interactive arguments between two speakers having a conversation, rated the convincingness and support levels of the individual claims when they were both embedded in the dialogue and removed from the dialogue, and judged overall burden of proof. Different groups of subjects saw the same arguments, the only difference being which speaker (first or second) made the particular groups of claims. The antiprimacy effect occurred even though the strength of the claims did not change as a function of which speaker presented them. In addition there was no difference between convincingness and support ratings, although the results demonstrated that the level of both types of ratings was somewhat a function of where in the argument structure the claims were situated. Specifically subjects perceived claims occurring in the initial position in the dialogue as less convincing than the same claims when the claims were removed from the context of the argument. furthermore, these initial claims correlated less with BOP than did the later claims.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jp8023q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeremy", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Bailenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Computer Science Institute and University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32220/galley/23285/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32323, "title": "Classification and Prior Assumptions about Category \"Shape\": New Evidence Concerning Prototype and Exemplar Theories of Categorization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "According to prototype theories of categorization, the cognitive system makes the default assumption that a category, <i>C</i>, is a roughly convex region in an internal space. This suggests that the default assumption for the \"negative\" category, <i>not-C</i>, should be the complement of this region—i.e., the internal space, minus a convex \"hole.\" These different prior assumptions suggest potentially radically different patterns of generalization in category learning. We show experimentally that such effects do occur. These results are compatible with prototype accounts of categorization, but seem incompatible with exemplar accounts. We consider potential empirical extensions of this research, and its wider theoretical implications.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g0385dv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emmanuel", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Pothos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences Research Group, Division of Psychology, University of Derby", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Articial Intelligence, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32323/galley/23388/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32585, "title": "Cognition, History and Science: Phenomena for the Cognitive Science of Science", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5m88697z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Tweney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Faculty of Psychology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32585/galley/23649/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32397, "title": "Cognitive Analysis of Mediated Activity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z2550hr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Teresa", "middle_name": "Ines", "last_name": "Cerratto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Educational Psychology, Rutgers University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32397/galley/23462/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32525, "title": "Cognitive Computation on Connectionist Causal Representations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sc3r7t6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Roman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pozarlik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Psychology and Radiology, and Program in Neurosciences, Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32525/galley/24534/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32489, "title": "Cognitive Evaluation of Innovative Medical Technologies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ns502pj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kushniruk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University School of Education", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaufman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology & Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vimla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Education, Fordham University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32489/galley/23554/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32230, "title": "Cognitive Processes in Regret for Actions and Inactions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Reasoning about matters of tact and reasoning about matters of possibility and impossibility may depend on the same sorts of mental representations and processes. We illustrate a mental model theory of counterfactual thinking with reference to the action effect (the tendency to regret actions more than inactions) and we describe an experiment which examines the effects of short-term and long-term perspectives on regret for actions and inactions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92g819wn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ruth", "middle_name": "M.J.", "last_name": "Byrne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer Science, University of Delaware", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alice", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McEleney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32230/galley/23295/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32420, "title": "Cognitive Processes in Spreadsheet Comprehension", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77k31720", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bruno", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Emond", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Education Mathematics Science and Technology, University of California at Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32420/galley/23485/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32438, "title": "Cognitive Processes of On-Line Formation of Device Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4v58j2sb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Takahisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Furuta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Saarland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32438/galley/23503/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32377, "title": "Combining Mathematical and Everyday Models of Electricity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1b05t794", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gautam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Biswas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Technology Center, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schwartz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Technology Center, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brophy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Technology Center, Vanderbilt University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bharat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bhuva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Schools of Information Technology and Psychology, University of Queensland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tamara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Balac", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Schools of Information Technology and Psychology, University of Queensland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bransford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Schools of Information Technology and Psychology, University of Queensland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32377/galley/23442/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32256, "title": "Combining Visual Cues to Depth and Shape: A Comparison of Three Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Performance in estimating the depth and shape of an ellipse on the basis of stereo, motion, and vergence angle information was compared for three models of visual depth cue combination. The three models were a weak model (strict modularity, with no interaction between motion and stereo cues), a modified weak model (restricted interaction allowed between motion and stereo cues), and a strong model (unconstrained interaction between all visual cues). Results are that the modified weak model performed best overall indicating that its structure, which contains both modular and interactive features, has advantages over both the extreme modular organization of the weak model and the extreme interactive organization of the strong model. In addition, the different weighting of motion and stereo cues by the modified weak model in the depth and shape judgment tasks provides a motivation for multiple visual representations of three-dimensional space.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0tn849q9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ione", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Learning Sciences, NWU", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Jacobs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Psychology Department, NWU", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32256/galley/23321/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32503, "title": "Communication As An Ecological Learning System: Defining A Research Space for Multi-Agent Problems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kq949p6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pamela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McQuesten", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32503/galley/23568/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32243, "title": "Communication in a Collaborative Health Care Team: Coordinating Tasks and Attaining Goals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Decisions are being made by groups with increasing frequency, requiring that individuals collaborate within teams. In order to do so, the team must create a shared mental model of its goals and processes. Communication has been shown to play a fundamental role in the development and evolution of this model as well as in the achievement of team goals. Previous research has established that roles within teams are well-defined and that each team member is familiar with them, that communication is most frequent among those whose tasks are most interdependent and interrelated, and that communication centers around attaining team goals. This study addresses the structure of team collaboration and the role of communication in maintaining the structure of an out-patient primary care unit at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts. A work and activity analysis showed that individual roles are clear and distinct and part of the shared mental model of the team, reducing redundancy and omission of goal-directed tasks. Communication was found to be more frequent among team members with related tasks and with more similar models of practice. Communication topics were found to be related to team goals. The importance of the shared mental model and of communication in the collaborative process is emphasized. Different domain experts working together in a collaborative way complement each other through this shared understanding, maximizing the efficiency and the effectiveness of the process and outcome.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13w7b16d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kayla", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Cytryn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Clinical Computing, Harvard Medical School", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vimla", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Safran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32243/galley/23308/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32319, "title": "Comprehensible Knowledge-Discovery in Databases", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large databases are routinely being collected in science, business and medicine. A variety of techniques from statistics, signal processing, pattern recognition, machine learning, and neural networks have been proposed to understand the data by discovering useful categories. However, to date research in data mining has not paid attention to the cognitive factors that make learned categories comprehensible. We show that one factor which influences the comprehensibility of learned models is consistency with existing knowledge and describe a learning algorithm that creates concepts with this goal in mind.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/68d3r0p6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Pazzani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Subramani", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "W.", "middle_name": "Rodman", "last_name": "Shankle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32319/galley/23384/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32383, "title": "Comprehension and Production as Avenues of Syntactic Priming", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dt3q577", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joyce", "middle_name": "Tang", "last_name": "Boyland", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science and Applied Mathtematics, Illinois Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, The University of Manchester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32383/galley/23448/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32304, "title": "Comprehension Skill: A Knowledge-Based Account", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Gernsbacher (e.g., 1990) has proposed that comprehension skill is a function of the ability to suppress inappropriate or irrelevant information. This hypothesis is based on the finding that the inappropriate meaning of an ambiguous word loses activation for skilled comprehenders after a delay, but remains activated and slows comprehension for less-skilled comprehenders. It is hypothesized here that comprehension skill is not due to the suppression of information, but rather is enhanced by the activation of more knowledge. Simulations based on the Construction-Integration model of comprehension (Kintsch, 1988) show that the activation of more knowledge leads to an initial activation of an inappropriate meaning of a concept which quickly decays Without the activation of the knowledge, the inappropriate meaning remains activated. This account thus predicts and explains Gernsbacher's empirical data.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kj6k3br", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "McNamara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston University, Department of Psychology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32304/galley/23369/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32476, "title": "Computer Assisted Cross-textual Semantic Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xk497rf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ioannis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kanellos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beckman Institute, University of Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Theodore", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thlivitis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beckman Institute, University of Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32476/galley/23541/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32400, "title": "Conceptualizing the World through Spatial Metaphors -- An Analysis of UP/DOWN vs. SHANG/XIA Metaphors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5hs3w1b7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32400/galley/23465/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32346, "title": "Connectionism and Psychological Notions of Similarity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Kitcher (1996) offers a critique of connectionism based on the belief that connectionist information processing relies inherently on metric similarity relations. Metric similarity measures are independent of the order of comparison (they are symmetrical) whereas human similarity judgments are asymmetrical. We answer this challenge by describing how connectionist systems naturally produce asymmetric similarity effects. Similarity is viewed as an implicit byproduct of information processing (in particular categorization) whereas the reporting of similarity judgments is a separate and explicit meta-cognitive process. The view of similarity as a process rather than the product of an explicit comparison is discussed in relation to the spatial, feature, and structural theories of similarity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9353x4xh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "S. C.", "last_name": "Thomas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Denis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mareschal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32346/galley/23411/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32538, "title": "Connectionist simulations with a dual route model of fear conditioning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1z27f2nz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rokers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Springer-Verlag", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "den", "last_name": "Dulk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Applied Cognitive Science and Science Education, University of Victoria", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "R.", "middle_name": "Hans", "last_name": "Phaf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Science Education, Kiel", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32538/galley/23602/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32462, "title": "Constraint relaxation in the processes of insight", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vp0w217", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kazuo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hiraki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hiroaki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Suzuki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32462/galley/23527/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32279, "title": "Constraints on the Design of a High-Level Model of Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The TacAir-Soar system is a computer program that generates human-like behavior flying simulated aircraft in tactical air combat training scenarios. The design of the system has been driven by functional concerns, allowing the system to generate a wide range of appropriate behaviors in severely time-limited situations. The combination of constraints from the complexity and dynamics of the domain with the overall goal of human-like behavior led to a system that can be viewed as a model of cognition for high-level, complex tasks. This paper analyzes the system in such a light, and describes how the functional design constraints map on to cognitively plausible representations and mechanisms, sometimes in surprising ways.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jn5k98s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Randolph", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Laird", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departement of Computer Science, Language- and Knowledge Processing, University of Hamburg", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32279/galley/23344/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32379, "title": "Constraints Underlying Analogy use in a Real-World Context: Politics", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qc023pf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Isabelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Blanchette", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Psychology, Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dunbar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Service di Psychiatrie, Hopital Albert Chenvier, Creteil", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32379/galley/23444/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32422, "title": "Constructing Understanding: the role of animation in interpreting graphical representations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gc2t271", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Noel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Enyedy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vahey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bernard", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Gifford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Fachgruppe Methodenlehre, University of Zurich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32422/galley/23487/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32456, "title": "Consulting Common Ground During Referential Interpretation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bs9j574", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joy", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hanna", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Trueswell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Research in Language, UC San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Tanenhaus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jared", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Novick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Psychology Department, University of Dundee and School of Social Sciences, Abertay University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32456/galley/23521/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32308, "title": "Context-dependent Recognition in a Self-organizing Recurrent Network", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Cognition of an object depends not only upon the sensory information of the object but also upon the context in which it occurs, as demonstrated in many psychology experiments. Although there has been considerable amount of research in cognitive science that demonstrates the importance of context, seldom has this research concerned specific computational mechanisms for learning and encoding of context. As context is largely an integration of the past up to the present, some form of information about the past stimuli must be abstracted and stored for a certain period of time so as to be used in the interpretation of the present stimulus. In this modelling approach we explore such mechanisms. In particular, we describe an unsupervised, sparsely connected, recurrent network that creates its own codings of input stimuli on ensembles of network units. Moreover, it also self-organizes itself into a short-term memory system that stores such codings. Simulations demonstrate the context-dependent recognition performance of the network.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kc0b5qr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "In", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Myung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cheongtag", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Levy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seoul National University, Dept. of Linguistics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32308/galley/23373/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32522, "title": "Context Effects and Learning of Hierarchical Compositional Structure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87r4g26q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karl", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pfleger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Warwick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32522/galley/23587/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32276, "title": "Control in Act-R and Soar", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper compares the Act-R and Soar cognitive architectures, focusing on their theories of control. Act-R treats control (conflict resolution) as an automatic process, whereas Soar treats it as a potentially deliberate, knowledge-based process. The comparison reveals that Soar can model extremely flexible control, but has difficulty accounting for probabilistic operator selection and the independent effects of history and distance to goal on the likelihood of selecting an operator. In contrast, Act-R's control is well supported by empirical data, but has difficulty modeling task-switching, multiple interleaved tasks, and dynamic abandoning of subgoals. The comparison also reveals that many of the justifications for each architecture's control structure, such as some forms of flexible control and satisficing, are just as easily handled by both.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z89r0d6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32276/galley/23341/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32487, "title": "Coordinating Hands, Eyes, and Voice", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qb8792n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Meredyth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krych", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Herbert", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Clark", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32487/galley/23552/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32441, "title": "Crisis Response Planning: A Task Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tf3671v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Melinda", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Gervasio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wayne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iba", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32441/galley/23506/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32472, "title": "Cross-Language Priming Effects from L2 to L1 in Episodic Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12z3p2pd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Program in Cognitive Psychology at University of California at Santa Cruz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32472/galley/23537/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32226, "title": "Cue-based learners in parametric language systems: application of general results in a recently proposed learning algorithm based on unambiguous 'superparsing'", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Cue-based learners have often been proposed as models of language acquisition by linguists working within the Principles and Parameters framework. Drawing on a general theory of cue-based learners described in detail elsewhere (Bertolo et al., 1997), we show here that a recently proposed learning algorithm (Fodor's Structural Triggers Learner (1997)) is an instance of a cue-based learner and that it is therefore unable to learn systems of linguistic parameters that have been proved to be beyond the reach of any cue-based learner We demonstrate this analytically, by investigating the behavior of the STL on a linguistically plausible space of syntactic parameters.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pm0h3rz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stefano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bertolo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences - MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Broihier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitat Regensburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wexler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32226/galley/23291/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32435, "title": "Cue Validity in Category Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2k08d246", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lewis", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Frey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty of Education, Gunma University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32435/galley/23500/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32265, "title": "Debunking the Basic Level", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The goal of this paper is to introduce a new measure of basic-level performance that we will call the \"category attentional slip.\" The idea behind it is very simple: The attentional mechanisms of an ideally rational categorizer are made to \"slip\" once in a while. We provide a formalization of attentional slip that specifies what an \"ideally rational categorizer\" is and how its attention \"slips.\" We then compare its predictive capabilities with those of two established basic-level measures: category feature-possession (Jones, 1983) and category utility (Corter & Gluck, 1992). The empirical data used for the comparisons are drawn from eight classical experiments from Murphy and Smith (1982), Murphy (1991), and Tanaka and Taylor (1991).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kf8377h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frederic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gosselin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Philippe", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Schyns", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Factors & Applied Cognition, George Mason University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32265/galley/23330/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32426, "title": "Deductive and inductive reasoning skills of high school students", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6005t16v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pablo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fernandez-Berrocal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Susana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Segura", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Research and Development Center", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32426/galley/23491/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32358, "title": "Deductive Reasoning Competence: Are Rule-Based and Model-Based Methods Distinguishable in Principle?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Much argument has been generated concerning the problem whether human deductive performance can best be viewed as rule-based (e.g. Rips) or model-based (e.g. Johnson-Laird). This paper argues that the distinction is ill-founded, and demonstrates that an ostensibly model-based syllogistic reasoning method can easily be implemented in a natural deduction calculus, which moreover makes fully explicit reference to the different possible interpretations of the premisses. More generally, it is unclear that other model-based methods cannot be given similar natural-deduction treatments, raising doubts about the distinguishability in principle of rule-based and model-based methods.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pk745sv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yule", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32358/galley/23423/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32370, "title": "Deep Processing and Expertise: Etiology and Applicability", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sf5h88c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barnett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koslowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Grand Valley State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32370/galley/23435/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32362, "title": "Deep versus Surface Features in Categorization and Similarity Judgment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bc48590", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Woo-kyoung", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Brandeis University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dennis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32362/galley/23427/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32458, "title": "Defining words: Taxonomic, perceptual, and functional knowledge", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/84t6v819", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Trevor", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Harley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Siobhan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "MacAndrew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32458/galley/23523/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32271, "title": "Designing for Understanding: Children's Lung Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Complex systems are commonly found in natural and physical science. Understanding such systems is often difficult because they may be viewed from multiple perspectives and their analysis may conflict with or extend beyond the range of everyday experience. There are many complex structural, behavioral, and functional (SBF) relationships to understand as well. Design activities, which allow exploration of the way a system works and which eventually require deep understanding of that system for success, can be an excellent way to help children acquire a deeper, more systemic understanding of such complex domains. We report on a design experiment in which sixth grade children learned about the human respiratory system by designing and building artificial lungs. Students were interviewed pre- and postinstruction. Results of these interviews were analyzed using an SBF model for describing their understanding of the respiratory system. We consider the results in light of the children's actual activity and discuss some of the lessons learned.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9k4826t4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cindy", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hmelo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Douglas", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Holton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Allen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Kolodner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Compter Science & Physiology, Tel Aviv University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32271/galley/23336/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32561, "title": "Developing Decision-Making Skills with Convince Me", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cx130q8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marcelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Siegel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32561/galley/23625/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32609, "title": "Direct Interaction Representation of Cockpit Information Displays: The Tradeoff between Internal and External Representations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5983j666", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jiajie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer & information Science, The Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University College London; Department of Psychology, University of Trieste", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Johnny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chuah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McGrory", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LIMSI-CNRS, Human Cognition group, University of PARIS XI - Orsay", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32609/galley/23673/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32520, "title": "Direct Wh-Questions: Language and Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1b57v6nb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Esther", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pascual", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of General Psychology, Eotvos Lorand University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32520/galley/23585/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32248, "title": "Disambiguation with Verb-predictability: Evidence from Japanese Garden-path Phenomena", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper proposes a new model for human sentence processing which makes use of predictability of verbs from nouns for ambiguity resolution. The main claim is that verb distribution given a subject noun and an object noun varies depending on the animacy of the object noun, and that this variance influences the GP effect in Japanese. First, we report experimental results showing the asymmetry for the object-animacy in the GP effect, which cannot be explained in terms of semantic fitness, that is essential in constraint-based models. Then, we show, on the basis of a corpus analysis, that the difference of the object-animacy is related not to semantic fitness between nouns and verbs but to predictability of verbs from nouns. Finally, we propose our model of disambiguation using verb-predictability, and, based on this model, explain the asymmetry for the object-animacy observed in our experiment.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rj6w619", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yasuharu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Den", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Psychology Department, Boston University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Masakatsu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Inoue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, McGill University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32248/galley/23313/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32577, "title": "Disconfirming Evidence and Beliefs about Capital Punishment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Short Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5200n7db", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Melanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Swiderek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for the Learning Sciences, Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koslowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for the Learning Sciences, Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daryl", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Bem", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for the Learning Sciences, Northwestern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32577/galley/23641/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32260, "title": "Discriminating Local and Distributed Models of Competition in Spoken Word Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Local and distributed theories of representation make different predictions regarding the simultaneous activation of multiple lexical entries during speech perception. We report three experiments that use the cross-modal priming technique with fragments of spoken words to explore competition effects in the activation of multiple lexical representations. The experiments suggest that lexical activation is inversely related to the number of words being activated. This competition effect is stronger at the semantic than the phonological level of representation, supporting a model of speech perception in which sensory information is mapped directly onto distributed representations of both the form and the meanings of words.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Long Papers", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0967s0vz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "M.", "middle_name": "Gareth", "last_name": "Gaskell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Marslen-Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1997-01-02T03:00:00+09:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32260/galley/23325/download/" } ] } ] }