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{ "count": 38386, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=33700", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=33500", "results": [ { "pk": 32009, "title": "Integrating Multiple Cues in Word Segmentation: A Connectionist Model using Hints", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Children appear to be sensitive to a variety of partially informative \"cues\" during language acquisition, but little attention has been paid to how these cues may be integrated to aid learning. Borrowing the notion of learning with \"hints\" from the engineering literature, we employ neural networks to explore the notion that such cues may serve as hints for each other. A first set of simulations shows that when two equally complex, but related, functions are learned simultaneously rather than individually, they can help bootstrap one another (as hints), resulting in faster and more uniform learning. In a second set of simulations we apply the same principles to the problem of word segmentation, integrating two types of information hypothesized to be relevant to this task. The integration of cues in a single network leads to a sharing of resources that permits those cues to serve as hints for each other. Our simulation results show that such sharing of computational resources allows each of the tasks to facilitate the learning (i.e., bootstrapping) of the other, even when the cues are not sufficient on their own.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tn9p6hw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Allen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Program in Neural, Informational and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Morten", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Chirstiansen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Program in Neural, Informational and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32009/galley/23074/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31961, "title": "Integrating World Knowledge with Cognitive Parsing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The work presented in this article builds on the account of cognitive parsing given by the SOUL system (Konieczny & Strube, 1995), an object-oriented implementation of Parameterized Head Attachment (Konieczny <i>et al</i>, 1991) based on Head-Driven Phrase-Structure Grammar (Pollard & Sag, 1994). We describe how the initial semantic representation proposed by the parser is translated into a logical form suitable for inference, thus making it possible to integrate world knowledge with cognitive parsing. As a semantic and knowledge representation system we use the most expressive implemented logic for natural language understanding. Episodic Logic (Hwang & Schubert, 1993), and its computational implementation, Epilog (Schaeffer <i>et al</i>, 1991).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9df1h759", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Harold", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Paredes-Frigolett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Cognitive Science, Institute for Computer Science and Social Research, University of Freiburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gerhard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strube", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Cognitive Science, Institute for Computer Science and Social Research, University of Freiburg", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31961/galley/23026/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32042, "title": "Integration and Shielding of Regular and Irregular Items in MLPs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) can learn both regular and irregular items given sufficient interleaved training, but not from sequential presentation of items. McClelland, McNaughton and O'Reilly (1994) addressed this problem in their proposal that the hippocampus and neocortex (H/NC) form a two component memory system in which the hippocampus interleaves training of items to the neocortex so that it can develop structure without interference of later items on earlier ones. We have been studying such an interleaving system under the constraint of limiting the capacity of the training batch (analogous to a finite limit on the hippocampus). In previous simulations (Gray & Wiles, 1996) we demonstrated that a quasi-regular learning task trained with a recency rehearsal scheme did not suffer interference to a catastrophic level, but did suffer interference on irregular and similar regular items. The current study introduces a new rehearsal scheme in which items are retained in a finite training batch based on how well the MLP has learned them: Error rehearsal enabled the MLP to learn (1) a high proportion of the domain, (2) retention of both regular and irregular items from the initial training batch and (3) partial shielding of both regular and irregular items from later interference. The results demonstrate that although finite training batches can pose a problem for MLPs, an error rehearsal scheme can reduce interference on both regular and irregular items, even when they are no longer in the current training batch. Implications for the role of the hippocampus in interleaving items for the neocortex are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89d8m4x2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brett", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gray", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Depts of Computer Science and Psychology, University of Queensland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wiles", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Depts of Computer Science and Psychology, University of Queensland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32042/galley/23107/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36541, "title": "In Their Own Voices", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Student Voices", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4sf0f9pq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Loken", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36541/galley/27392/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32183, "title": "Is Cognotive Science Interdisciplinary ?:\nPast Present Perspectives", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cq738v2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Schunn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Camegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Crowley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Cruz", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Takeshi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Okada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32183/galley/23248/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36532, "title": "Is Remediation an Articulation Issue?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Related Issues", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t03d9sm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Denise", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Murray", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "San Jose State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36532/galley/27383/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36524, "title": "Issues in Articulation: The Transition From Elementary to Secondary School", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Movement Across Segments: Issues and Concerns", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bx7g571", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dunlap", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "West Contra Costa Unified School District", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fields", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Culver City Unified School District", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36524/galley/27375/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32129, "title": "Japanese and American Teachers' Implicit Theories of\nMathematics Learning and Instruction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4zp5v5c5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jacobs", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "J.K.", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoshida", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "M.", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fernandez", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "C.", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stigler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "J.W.", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32129/galley/23194/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32023, "title": "Judging the Contingency of a Constant Cue: Contrasting Predictions from an Associative and a Statistical Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Two contingency judgment experiments are reported where one predictive cue was present on every trial of the task. This constant cue was paired with a second variable cue that was either positively correlated (Experiment 1) or negatively correlated with the outcome event (Experiment 2). Outcome base rate was independently varied in both experiments. Probabilistic contrasts could be calculated for the variable cue but not for the constant cue since the probability of the outcome occurring in the absence of the constant cue was undefined. Cheng & Holyoak's (1995) probabilistic contrast model therefore cannot uniquely specify the way in which the constant cue will be judged. In contrast, judgments of the constant cue were systematically influenced by the variable cue's contingency as well as by the outcome base rate. Specifically, judgments of the constant cue 1) were discounted when the variable cue was a positive predictor of the outcome but were enhanced when the variable cue was a negative predictor of the outcome, and 2) were proportional to the outcome base rate. These effects were anticipated by a connectionist network using the Rescorla-Wagner learning rule.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8r33p9f1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frederic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vallee-Tourangeau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Murphy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "A.", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Baker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, McGill University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32023/galley/23088/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31937, "title": "Language, Audition and Rhythm", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9874v7zv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Port", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Linguistics, Computer Science, Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31937/galley/23002/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32020, "title": "Lateral Connections In The Visual Cortex Can Self-Organize Cooperatively With Multisize RFs Just As With Ocular Dominance and Orientation Columns", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Cells in the visual cortex are selective not only to ocular dominance and orientation of the input, but also to its size and spatial frequency. The simulations reported in this paper show how size selectivity could develop through Hebbian self-organization, and how receptive fields of different sizes could organize into columns like those for orientation and ocular dominance. The lateral connections in the network self-organize cooperatively and simultaneously with the receptive field sizes, and produce patterns of lateral connectivity that closely follow the receptive field organization. Together with our previous work on ocular dominance and orientation selectivity, these results suggest that a single Hebbian self-organizing process can give rise to all the major receptive field properties in the visual cortex, and also to structured patterns of lateral interactions, some of which have been verified experimentally and others predicted by the model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rd723jp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sirosh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Risto", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miikkulainen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32020/galley/23085/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32162, "title": "Lateral Inhibition Account of Release from Proactive Inhibition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mz867wm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "C.", "middle_name": "Craig", "last_name": "Morris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Middle Tennessee State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32162/galley/23227/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32208, "title": "Learning by Observation in Complex Task Environments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14n6t70q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dieter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wallach", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitat des Saarlandes", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32208/galley/23273/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32124, "title": "Learning in Collaborative Electronic Discussion vs. Classroom Discussion in Science", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2531p40d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sherry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California at Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32124/galley/23189/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31922, "title": "Learning in Complex Environments: Biological and Artificial Adaptive Behavior", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Invited Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m53c5kj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maja", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Mataric", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Volen Center for Complex Systems, Computer Science Department, Brandeis University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31922/galley/22987/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31924, "title": "Learning in Multi-Robot Systems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Invited Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hg1f4wn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maja", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Mataric", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Volen Center for Complex Systems, Computer Science Department, Brandeis University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31924/galley/22989/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32108, "title": "Learning of Categories Composed of Rules and Exceptions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gz1561x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Erickson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Kruschke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32108/galley/23173/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32034, "title": "Learning Qualitative Relations in Physics with Law Encoding Diagrams", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper describes a large scale experiment that evaluates the effectiveness of Law Encoding Diagrams (LEDs) for learning qualitative relations in the domain of elastic collisions in physics. A LED is a representation that captures the laws or important relations of a domain in the internal structure of a diagram by means of diagrammatic constraints. The subjects were 88 undergraduate physics students, divided into three learning trial conditions. One group used computer based LEDs, another used conventional computer based representations (tables and fonnulas), and the third was a nonintervention control group. Only the LED subjects had a significant improvement in their pre-test to post-test qualitative reasoning. The LEDs appear to make it easier for subjects to explore more of the space of different forms of collisions and hence gain a better qualitative understanding of the domain.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cb9s03t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "C-H.", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ESRC Centre for Research in Development, Instruction and Training, Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32034/galley/23099/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32140, "title": "Learning together: The effect of materials on individuals and pairs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bj1534r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adrienne", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New Mexico State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Krisela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rivera", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New Mexico State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32140/galley/23205/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31985, "title": "Lexical Ambiguity and Context Effects in Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence from Chinese", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Chinese is a language that is extensively ambiguous on a lexical-morphemic level. In this study, we examined the effects of prior context, frequency, and density of a homophone on spoken word recognition of Chinese homophones in a cross-modal experiment. Results indicate that prior context affects the access of the appropriate meaning from early on, and that context interacts with frequency of the individual meanings of a homophone. These results are consistent with the context-dependency hypothesis which argues that ambiguous meanings of a word may be selectively accessed at an early stage of recognition according to sentential context. However, the results do not support a pre-selection process in which the contextually appropriate meaning can be activated prior to the perception of the relevant acoustic signal.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mg9k0qr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ping", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Richmond", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Yip", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31985/galley/23050/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31965, "title": "Lexical Limits on the Influence of Context", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper introduces an approach to modelng the interpretation of semantically underspecified logical metonymies, such as <i>John began the book</i>. A distinctive feature of the theory presented is its emphasis on accounting for their behavior in discourse contexts. The approach dependson the definition of a pragmatic component which interacts in the appropriate manner with lexicosyntactic information to establish the coherence of a discourse. The infelicity of certain logical metonymy constructions in some discourses is shown to stem from the non-default nature of the lexicosyntactically determined interpretation for such constructions. The extent of the influence of contextual information from the discourse on the interpretation of logical metonymies is therefore constrained by the lexical properties of the constituents of the metonymies. Contextually-cued interpretations are shown to be unattainable when indefeasible lexical information conflicts with these interpretations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5797g58g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cornelia", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Verspoor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31965/galley/23030/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32049, "title": "Lifelong science learning: A longitudinal case study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How do students link school and personal experiences to develop a useful account of complex science topics? Can science courses provide a firm foundation for lifelong science learning? To answer these questions we analyze how \"Pat\" integrates and differentiates ideas and develops models to explain complex, personally-relevant experience with thermal phenomena. We examine Pat's process of conceptual change during an 8th grade science class where a heat flow model of thermal events is introduced as well as after studying biology in ninth grade and after studying chemistry in the 11th grade. Pat regularly links new ideas from science class and personal experience to explain topics like insulation and conduction or thermal equilibrium. Thus Pat links experience with home insulation to experiments using wool as an insulator. This linkage leads Pat to consider \"air pockets\" as a factor in insulation and to distinguish insulators (with air pockets) from metal conductors that \"attract heat.\" These linkages help Pat construct a heat flow account of thermal events and connect it to the microscopic model introduced in chemistry. Pat's process of conceptual change demonstrates how longitudinal case studies contribute to the understanding of conceptual development. Future work will synthesize the conceptual change process of all 40 students we have studied longitudinally.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/659039fd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marcia", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Linn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Education, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "BatSheva", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eylon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Science Teaching", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32049/galley/23114/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32048, "title": "Linking Adaption and Similarity Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The case-based reasoning (CBR) process solves problems by retrieving prior solutions and adapting them to fit new circumstances. Many studies examine how casebased reasoners learn by storing new cases and refining the indices used to retrieve cases. However, little attention has been given to learning to refine the process for applying retrieved cases. This paper describes research investigating how a case-based reasoner can learn strategies for adapting prior cases to fit new situations, and how its similarity criteria may be refined pragmatically to reflect new capabilities for case adaptation. We begin by highlighting psychological research on the development of similarity criteria and summarizing our model of case adaptation learning. We then discuss initial steps towards pragmatically refining similarity criteria based on experiences with case adaptation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1m65j4b6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Leake", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kinley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32048/galley/23113/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32006, "title": "LISA: A Computational Model of Analogical Inference and Schema Induction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The relationship between analogy and schema induction is widely acknowledged and constitutes an important motivation for developing computational models of analogical mapping. However, most models of analogical mapping provide no clear basis for supporting schema induction. We describe LISA (Hummel & Holyoak, 1996), a recent model of analog retrieval and mapping that is explicitly designed to provide a platform for schema induction and other forms of inference. LISA represents predicates and their arguments (i.e., objects or propositions) as patterns of activation distributed over units representing semantic primitives. These representations are actively (dynamically) bound into propositions by synchronizing oscillations in their activation: Arguments fire in synchrony with the case roles to which they are bound, and out of synchrony with other case roles and arguments. By activating propositions in LTM, these patterns drive analog retrieval and mapping. This approach to analog retrieval and mapping accounts for numerous findings in human analogical reasoning (Hummel & Holyoak, 1996). Augmented with a capacity for intersection discovery and unsupervised learning, the architecture supports analogical inference and schema induction as a natural consequence. We describe LISA'S account of schema induction and inference, and present some preliminary simulation results.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zp8f3bj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hummel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Keith", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Holyoak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32006/galley/23071/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32131, "title": "Measuring the Sounds of Silence:Latency and Duration of Word-Initial Plosives", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qm791gv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "H .", "last_name": "Kawamoto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Cruz", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Kello", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Cruz", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "A .", "last_name": "Bame", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Cruz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32131/galley/23196/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32191, "title": "Mental Content and the Causal History of Neural Substrates", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nf9p3px", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "G .", "last_name": "Skokowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oxford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32191/galley/23256/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32213, "title": "Mental Predicate Logic: An Empirical Examination", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xw751z5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yingrui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "D.S.", "last_name": "Braine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32213/galley/23278/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32155, "title": "Meta-Cognitive Attentions: A Case Study of Learning in Game Playing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36j2t6qz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yosinob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Masatani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTT Basic Research Laboratories", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32155/galley/23220/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32110, "title": "Metacognitive Models and Situation Assessment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2kb9x1km", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pat-Anthony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Federico", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Navy Personnel Research and Development Center", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32110/galley/23175/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31990, "title": "MetriCat: A Representation for Basic and Subordinate-level Classification", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An important function of human visual perception is to permit object classification at multiple levels of specificity. For example, we can recognize an object as a \"car,\" (the basic level) a \"Ford Mustang\" (subordinate level), and \"Joe's Mustang\" (instance level). Although this capacity is fundamental to human object perception, most computational models of object recognition either focus exclusively on basic-level classification (e.g., Biederman, 1987; Hummel & Biederman, 1992; Hummel & Stankiewicz, 1996) or exclusively on instance-level classification (e.g., Ullman & Basri, 1991; Edelman & Poggio, 1990). A computational account that naturally integrates both levels of classification remains elusive. We describe a general approach to representing numerical properties (e.g., those that characterize object shape) that simultaneously supports both basic and subordinate/instance-level recognition. The account is based on a general nonlinear coding for numerical quantities describing both featural variables (such as degree of curvature and aspect ratio) and configural variables (such as relative position). Used as the input to a classifier with Gaussian receptive fields, this representation supports recognition at multiple levels of specificity, and suggests an account of the role of attention and time in the classification of objects at different levels of abstraction.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85t2r8k9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Stankiewicz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hummel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31990/galley/23055/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32018, "title": "Modeling Beat Perception with a Nonlinear Oscillator", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The perception of beat and meter is fundamental to the perception of rhythm, yet modeling this phenomenon has proven a formidable problem. This paper outlines a dynamic model of beat perception in complex, metrically structured rhythms that has been described in detail elsewhere (Large, 1994; Large & Kolen, 1994). A study is described in which pianists performed notated melodies and improvised variations on these same melodies. The performances are analyzed in terms of amount of rubato and rhythmic complexity, and the model's ability to simulate beat perception in these melodies is assessed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62z8c2ng", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Large", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Research in Cognitive Science, University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32018/galley/23083/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32028, "title": "Modeling Interference Effects In Instructed Category Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Category learning is often seen as a process of inductive generalization from a set of class-labeled exemplars. Human learners, however, often receive direct instruction concerning the structure of a category before being presented with examples. Such explicit knowledge may often be smoothly integrated with knowledge garnered by exposure to instances, but some interference effects have been observed. Specifically, errors in instructed rule following may sometimes arise after the repeated presentation of correctly labeled exemplars. Despite perfect consistency between instance labels and the provided rule, such inductive training can drive categorization behavior away from rule following and towards a more prototype-based or instance-based pattern. In this paper we present a general connectionist model of instructed category learning which captures this kind of interference effect. We model instruction as a sequence of inputs to a network which transforms such advice into a modulating force on classification behavior. Exemplar-based learning is modeled in the usual way: as weight modification via backpropagation. The proposed architecture allows these two sources of information to interact in a psychologically plausible manner Simulation results are provided on a simple instructed category learning task, and these results are compared with human performance on the same task.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0j29f3w1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Noelle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Garrison", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Cottrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32028/galley/23093/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32084, "title": "Modeling Parsing Constraints in High-Dimensional Semantic Space: On the Use of Proper Names", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jj5x5bq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Curt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burgess", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Livesay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lund", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32084/galley/23149/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32038, "title": "Modeling Qualitative Differences in Symmetry Judgments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Symmetry perception is an important cognitive process across many areas of cognition. This research explores symmetry as a special case of similarity—self-similarity—and proposes that qualitative relationships play a role in the early perception of symmetry. To support this claim, we present evidence from two psychological studies where subjects performed synmietry judgments for randomly constructed polygons. Subjects were faster and/or more accurate at detecting asymmetry for stimuli with qualitative asymmetries than for stimuli with equivalent quantitative asymmetries. Aspects of this effect are replicated using the MAGI computational model, which detects symmetry using a method of structural alignment. The results of this study suggest that qualitative information influences early perception of symmetry, and provides further support for the MAGI model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/694398wt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ronald", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Ferguson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for the Learning Sciences, Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aminoff", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dedre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gentner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32038/galley/23103/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32147, "title": "Modeling the Costs of Ambiguity Resolution and Syntax-Semantics Interaction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zp7g3dg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kavi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mahesh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New Mexico State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32147/galley/23212/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31928, "title": "Modeling the Evolution of Communication", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Invited Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2223v0rd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Batali", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ackley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New Mexico", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31928/galley/22993/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32159, "title": "Modeling the Role of Phonetic Knowledge in Learning to Read Aloud", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6dp3t9hr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeanne", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Milostan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Garrison", "middle_name": "W .", "last_name": "Cottrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32159/galley/23224/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31944, "title": "Models and Modularity in Language Processing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qh0h81f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Dell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31944/galley/23009/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31942, "title": "Modularity and Plasticity are Compatible", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wn9m86q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Jacobs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31942/galley/23007/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31943, "title": "Modularity of Information, not Processing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1356p3cc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dominic", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Massaro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31943/galley/23008/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32169, "title": "Multi Agent Cognotive Theory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rn2n7mz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cyrus", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Nourani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vanderbilt University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32169/galley/23234/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32152, "title": "Multi-Dimensional Scaling Analysis of English Spatial Prepositions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36v3x4s0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "M .", "last_name": "Manning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Herbert", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Pick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Sera", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32152/galley/23217/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32067, "title": "Multi-Level Analysis of Memory Dissociations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Dissociations between explicit and implicit memory tests, between recollective and automatic retrieval processes, and between memorial states of awareness of past events all suggest that human memory is not a unitary faculty. Memory dissociations reflect the complex relationship between consciousness and memory. To understand such a complex relationship, any single level of analysis is not enough and may be misleading. A multi-level analysis was proposed. One of the most serious problems with the process-dissociation procedure is its failure to separate process level of analysis and memorial awareness level of analysis. One experiment was reported to support the above arguments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tt967vf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hongbin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiajie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32067/galley/23132/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32078, "title": "Multimedia Representations for Science Learning: A Cautionary Tale", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3911z9dd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Education, University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32078/galley/23143/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32025, "title": "Mutability, Conceptual Transformation, and Context", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Features differ in their mutability. For example, a robin could still be a robin even if it lacked a red breast; but it would probably not count as one if it lacked bones. I have hypothesized (Love & Sloman, 1995) that features are immutable to the extent other features depend on them. We can view a feature's mutability as a measure of transformational difficulty. In deriving new concepts, we often transform existing concepts (e.g. we can go from thinking about a robin to thinking about a robin without a red breast). The difficulty of this transformation, as measured by reaction time, increases with the immutability of the feature transformed. Conceptual transformations are strongly affected by context, but in a principled manner, also explained by feature dependency structure. A detailed account of context's effect on mutability is given, as well as corroborating data. I conclude by addressing how mutability-dependency theory can be applied to the study of similarity, categorization, conceptual combination, and metaphor.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nv208cv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bradley", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Love", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32025/galley/23090/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32074, "title": "Neural Networks for Simulating Cognitive Development: A Case Study in Early Mathematical Abilities", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nw7t2fp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tracey", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Bale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Artificial Intelligence Group, Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, University of Surrey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Khurshid", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ahmad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Artificial Intelligence Group, Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, University of Surrey", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32074/galley/23139/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32021, "title": "Neuronal Homeostasis and REM Sleep", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We propose a novel mechainisin of synaptic maintenance whose goal is to preserve the performance of an associative memory network undergoing synaptic degradation, and to prevent the development of pathological attractors. This mechanism is demonstrated by simulations performed on a low-activity neural model which implements local neuronal homeostasis. We hypothesize that, whereas Hebbian synaptic modifications occur as a learning process during wakefulness and SWS consolidation, the neural-based regulatory mechanisms proposed here take place during REM sleep, where they are driven by bouts of random cortical activity. The role of REM sleep, in our model, is not to prune spurious attractor states, as previously proposed by Crick and Mitchison and by Hopfield Feinstein and Palmer, but to maintain synaptic integrity in face of ongoing synaptic turnover. Our model provides a possible reason for the segmentation of sleep into repetitive SWS and REM phases.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5vs8m8hr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Horn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nir", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Levy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eytan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruppin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Computer Science and Physiology, Tel-Aviv University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32021/galley/23086/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36526, "title": "Noncredit Students in California Community Colleges: A Community at Risk", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Movement Across Segments: Issues and Concerns", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wf0d54q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Manson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rancho Santiago Community College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36526/galley/27377/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36538, "title": "Noncredit to Credit Articulation: The City College of San Francisco Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Existing Models of Articulation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86x6z15v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Seymour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City College of San Francisco", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nadia", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Scholnic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City College of San Francisco", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City College of San Francisco", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36538/galley/27389/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32210, "title": "On-line Processing of Verbal Agreement in French", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9rp5c6qg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wicha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universite de Paris-V\n28 rue Serpente", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kail", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universite de Paris-V\n28 rue Serpente", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32210/galley/23275/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32026, "title": "On putting milk in coffee: The effect of thematic relations on similarity judgments.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Ail existing accounts of similarity assume that it is a function of matching and mismatching attributes between mental representations. However, Bassok and Medin (19%) found that the judged similarity of sentences does not necessarily reflect the degree of overlap between the properties of paired stimuli. Rather, similarity judgments are often mediated by a process of thematic integration and reflect the degree to which stimuli can be integrated into a common thematic scenario. We present results of a study which extend this surprising flnding by showing that it also applies to similarity ratings of objects and occurs whether or not subjects explain their judgments. Also, consistent with the Bassok and Medin findings, the tendency towards thematic integration was more pronounced when the paired stimulus shared few attributes--but was still an important factor in similarity judgments between objects which shared many attributes. We discuss the implications of these findings for models of cognitive processes which use similarity as an explanatory construct.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0x4645n3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wisniewski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bassok", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Chicago", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32026/galley/23091/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31968, "title": "On Reasoning with Default Rules and Exceptions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We report empirical results on factors that influence how people reason with default rules of the form \"Most x's have property P\", in scenarios that specify information about exceptions to these rules and in scenarios that specify default-rule inheritance. These factors include (a) whether the individual, to which the default rule might apply, is similar to a known exception, when that similarity may explain why the exception did not follow the default, and (b) whether the problem involves classes of naturally occurring kinds or classes of artifacts. We consider how these findings might be integrated into formal approaches to default reasoning and also consider the relation of this sort of qualitative default reasoning to statistical reasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gx5761w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Renee", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Elio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francis", "middle_name": "Jeffry", "last_name": "Pelletier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Philosophy and Computing Science, University of Alberta", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31968/galley/23033/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32052, "title": "On the Nature of Timing Mechanisms in Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The ability to resolve timing differences within and between patterns is critical to the perception of music and speech; similarly, many motor skills such as music performance require fine temporal control of movements. Two important issues concern (1) the nature of the mechanism used for time measurement and (2) whether timing distinctions in perception and motor control are based on the same mechanism. In this paper, clock- and entrainment-based conceptions of time measurement are discussed; and predictions of both classes of model are then evaluated with respect to a tempo-discrimination experiment involving isochronous auditory sequences. The results from this experiment are shown to favor entrainment- over clock-based approaches to timing. The implications of these data are then discussed with respect to the hypothesized role of the cerebellum in timing.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6851m9tb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "J.", "middle_name": "Devin", "last_name": "McAuley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, University of Queensland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32052/galley/23117/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32171, "title": "Oppurtunistic planning : The influence of abstract features on reminding", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0dz4v98r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Patalano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Travis", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Seymour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Colleen", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Seifert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32171/galley/23236/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32118, "title": "Optical Flow for Visual Speech Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0677c6t2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Gray", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Computational Neurobiology lab, The Salk Institute", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Javier", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Movellan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Terrence", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Sejnowski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Computational Neurobiology lab, The Salk Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32118/galley/23183/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32068, "title": "Order Effects and Frequency Learning in Belief Updating", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper examines order effects and frequency learning in belief updating. We present an experiment that tests for the existence of order effects for actual decisions during frequency learning and for belief evaluations after frequency learning in a realistic tactical decision making task. The experiment revealed that (a) subjects showed order effects for actual decisions during frequency learning—an effect not reported previously and (b) subjects still showed order effects for belief evaluations even after having correctly learned most of the frequency information. We also present a simulation for the frequency learning behavior and some preliminary results of a simulation for the order effect, and suggest networks for potential combinations of the order effect and frequency learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xn6v6vr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jiajie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hongbin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32068/galley/23133/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32136, "title": "Order Effects in Abductive Reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/33d9q3z8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Josef", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Krems", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32136/galley/23201/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31994, "title": "Parallel Activation of Distributed Concepts: Who put the P in the PDP?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An investigation of the capacity of distributed systems to represent patterns of activation in parallel is presented. Connectionist models of lexical ambiguity have captured this capacity by activating the arithmetic mean of the vectors representing the relevant meanings to form a lexical blend. However, a more extreme test of this system occurs in a distributed model of lexical access in speech perception, which may require a lexical blend to represent transiently the meanings of hundreds of words. I show that there is a strict limit on the number of distributed patterns that can be represented effectively by a lexical blend. This limit is dependent to some extent on the structure and content of the distributed space, which in the case of lexical access corresponds to structure and content of the mental lexicon. This limitation implies that distributed models cannot be simple re-implementations of parallel localist models and offers a valuable opportunity to distinguish experimentally between localist and distributed models of cognitive processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p6436jd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "M.", "middle_name": "Gareth", "last_name": "Gaskell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Speech and Language, Psychology Department, Birkbeck College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31994/galley/23059/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36527, "title": "Passages Between the Community College and the California State University System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Movement Across Segments: Issues and Concerns", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fb9d5bg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robby", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ching", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Sacramento", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sacramento City College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McKee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Sacramento", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36527/galley/27378/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32204, "title": "Patterns and Effects of Analogies in Scientific Abduction -A Remarkable Case of Creative Analogy -", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dd6p232", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kazuhiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ueda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32204/galley/23269/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32214, "title": "Perception in Tsume Go under 4 Seconds Time Pressure", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0k36s8gg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Atsushi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yoshikawa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTT Basic Research Labs", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yasuki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saito", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTT Basic Research Labs", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32214/galley/23279/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32106, "title": "Perception of Simple Rhythmic Patterns in a Network of Oscillators", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8871b14h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Douglas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eck", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gasser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science Department, Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32106/galley/23171/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32205, "title": "Performance of Simple Recurrent Neywork Indexes Creativity\nand Predicts Discovery in a Rule Induction Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hw4p5vs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frederic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vallee-Tourangeau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hertfordshire", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32205/galley/23270/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32014, "title": "Perseverative Subgoaling and Production System Models of Problem Solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Perseverative subgoaling, the repeated successful solution of subgoals, is a common feature of much problem solving, and its pervasive nature suggests that it is an emergent property of a problem solving architecture. This paper presents a set of minimal requirements on a production system architecture for problem solving which will allow perseverative subgoaling whilst guaranteeing the possibility of recovery from such situations. The fundamental claim is that perseverative subgoaling arises during problem solving when the results of subgoals are forgotten before they can be used. This prompts further attempts at the offending subgoals. In order for such attempts to be effective, however, the production system must satisfy three requirements concerning working memory structure, production structure, and memory decay. The minimal requirements are embodied in a model (developed within the COGENT modelling software) which is explored with respect to the task of multicolumn addition. The inter-relationship between memory decay and task difficulty within this task (measured in terms of the number of columns) is discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tg8f4pt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32014/galley/23079/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31938, "title": "Phase-resetting and rhythmic pattern generation in speech production", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r65p94b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elliot", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saltzman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Haskins Laboratories, Department of Psychology, Universityo of Connecticut", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31938/galley/23003/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31986, "title": "Phonological Reduction, Assimilation, Intra-Word Information Structure, and the Evolution of the Lexicon of English: Why Fast Speech isn't Confusing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Phonological reduction and assimilation are intrinsic to speech. We report a statistical exploration of an idealised phonological version of the London-Lund Corpus and describe the computational consequences of phonological reduction and assimilation. In terms of intra- word information structure, the overall effect of these processes is to flatten out the redundancy curve calculated over consecutive segment-positions. We suggest that this effect represents a general principle of the presentation of information to the brain: information should be spread as evenly as possible over a representational surface or across time. We also demonstrate that the effect is partially due to the fact that when assimilation introduces phonological ambiguity, as in <i>fat</i> man coming to resemble <i>fap man</i>, then the ambiguity introduced is always in the direction of a less frequent segment: /p/ is less frequent than /t/. We show that this observation, the \"Move to Markedness\", is true across the board for changes in segment identity in English. This distribution of segments means that the number of erroneous lexical hypotheses introduced by segment-changing processes such as assimilation is minimised. We suggest that the Move to Markedness within the lexicon is the result of pressure from the requirements of a very efficient word recognition device that is sensitive to changes of individual phonological features.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nx3335q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shillcock", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hicks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cairns", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Levy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31986/galley/23051/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32185, "title": "Planning Within a Virtual Environment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/817836sf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Travis", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Seymour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Patalano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Colleen", "middle_name": "M .", "last_name": "Seifert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32185/galley/23250/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32104, "title": "Playing Go by Search-Embedded Pattern Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9138j611", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pedro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Domingos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32104/galley/23169/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32060, "title": "Practice Effects and Learning Control on Acquisition, Outcome, and Efficiency", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper presents results from a study that attempted to replicate unexpected findings from a previous study (Shute & Gawlick, 1995) which investigated the effects of differential practice opportunities on skill acquisition, outcome, efficiency, and retention. These same variables were examined in a new study (<i>N</i>= 380), and the following results were replicated: (1) Learners receiving fewer practice opportimities completed the curriculum significantly faster than the other practice conditions, but at the expense of greater errors; and (2) Despite acquisition differences, all groups performed comparably on the outcome measure. This study also examines the effects of learner control (LC) on these same parameters. We included a condition where students chose their degree of practice, per problem set. Overall, this group completed the curriculum faster, and showed the highest outcome efficiencies, relative to the other conditions. Preliminary results from the retention part of this study (<i>n</i> = 76) continue to show an overall LC advantage, as well as a significant condition x gender interaction. That is, the LC condition is optimal for males, while the extended practice condition is best for females. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to the design of efficacious instruction.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95z7s9cv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Valerie", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Shute", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Armstrong Laboratory/HRTI", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Gawlick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Galaxy Scientific Corporation", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32060/galley/23125/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31923, "title": "Primitives as a basis for movement synthesis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent data from spinal frogs and mammals suggests that movements may be constiucted fiom a standard set of primitives which represent postures and force patterns around postures. These postural primitives may be combined for movement synthesis and may also interact non-linearly. New data shows that the set of primitives may also contain of a collection of members which encapsulate aspects of movement control and dynamics. The linear interactions, non-linear interactions, and dynamic controls provide a means of bootstrapping motor learning. The non-linear interactions enable a basic pattern generator and a reflex functionality which can be parameterized and modified for elaboration of more complex behaviors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Invited Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sb5j3vf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Giszter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31923/galley/22988/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32015, "title": "Probabilistic Plan Recognition for Cognitive Apprenticeship", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Interpreting the student's actions and inferring the student's solution plan during problem solving is one of the main challenges of tutoring based on cognitive apprenticeship, especially in domains with large solution spaces. We present a student modeling framework that performs probabilistic plan recognition by integrating in a Bayesian network knowledge about the available plans and their structure and knowledge about the student's actions and mental state. Besides predictions about the most probable plan followed, the Bayesian network provides probabilistic knowledge tracing, that is assessment of the student's domain knowledge. We show how our student model can be used to tailor scaffolding and fading in cognitive apprenticeship. In particular, we describe how the information in the student model and knowledge about the structure of the available plans can be used to devise heuristics to generate effective hinting strategies when the student needs help.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/857559f6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Conati", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kurt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "VanLehn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32015/galley/23080/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32082, "title": "Problem-solving in imagery", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qz263tz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Media Lab, MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32082/galley/23147/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31930, "title": "Problem Spaces in Real-World Science: What are They and How Do Scientists Search Them?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m11p722", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Baker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "McGill University Department of Psychology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dunbar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "McGill University Department of Psychology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31930/galley/22995/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32199, "title": "Processing Effects For Russian Gender", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0qw96706", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Roman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Taraban", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Texas Tech University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kempe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32199/galley/23264/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31958, "title": "Qualia: The Hard Problem", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "One issue that has been raised time and again in philosophy of mind and more recently in cognitive science is the question of qualia, or \"raw feels.\" What are qualia and how do they fit into the cognitive science conception of mind? We consider some of the classic qualia thought experiments and two proposed solutions to the qualia problem, eliminativism and content-dependence. While neither of these solutions are actually able to dismiss or explain qualia as claimed, the content-based solution does clarify the relation between cognitive science and qualia. Because qualia are precisely the part of our experiences that are not related to informational content (and therefore intersubjective), and cognitive science is primarily based on information content, qualia are not within the domain of cognitive science.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4n25d9mz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Griffith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Byrne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31958/galley/23023/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32063, "title": "Quantifier Interpretation and Syllogistic Reasoning: an Individual Differences Account", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "It is frequently assumed that interpretational errors can explain reasoning errors. However, the evidence for this position has heretofore been less than convincing. Newstead (1995) failed to show expected relations between Gricean implicatures (Grice, 1975) and reasoning errors, and different measures of illicit conversion (Begg & Denny, 1969; Chapman & Chapman, 1959) frequently fail to correlate in the expected fashion (Newstead, 1989; 1990). This paper examines the relation between interpretation and reasoning using the more configurational approach to classifying subjects' interpretation patterns, described in Stenning & Cox (1995). There it is shown that subjects' interpretational errors tend to fall into clusters of properties defined in terms of <i>rashness</i>, <i>hesitancy</i> and the subject/predicate structure of inferences. First we show that interpretations classified by illicit conversion errors, though correlated with fallacious reasoning, are equally correlated with errors which cannot be due to conversion of premises. Then we explore how the alternative method of subject profiling in terms of hesitancy, rashness and subject/predicate affects syllogistic reasoning performance, through analysis in terms of both general reasoning accuracy and the Figural Effect (Johnson-Laird & Bara, 1984). We show that subjects assessed as rash on the interpretation tasks show consistent characteristic error patterns on the syllogistic reasoning task, and that hesitancy, and possibly rashness, interact with the Figural Effect.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0z27k8k8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Keith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Communication Research Centre, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yule", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Communication Research Centre, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Human Communication Research Centre, University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32063/galley/23128/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32176, "title": "Randomly Changing Transfer in Artificial Grammar Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/58v7n2dx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Redington", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32176/galley/23241/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32113, "title": "Realistic Limitations in Natural Language Processing for an Intelligent Tutoring System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0m6221db", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Reva", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Freedman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of EECS, Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martha", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Evens", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of CSAM, Illinois Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32113/galley/23178/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31964, "title": "Reasoning from multiple texts: An automatic analysis of readers' situation models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In reading multiple texts, a reader must integrate information from the texts with his or her background knowledge. The resulting situation model represents a rich elaborated structure of events, actions, objects, and people involved in the text organized in a manner consistent with the reader's knowledge. In order to evaluate a reader's situation model, a reader's summary must be analyzed in relation to texts the subject has read as well as to more general knowledge such as an expert's knowledge. However, this analysis can be both time-consuming and difficult. In this paper, we use an automatic approach called Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) for evaluating the situation model of readers of multiple documents. LSA is a statistical model of word usage that generates a high-dimensional semantic space that models the semantics of the text. This paper describes three experiments. The first two describe methods for analyzing a subject's essay to determine from what text a subject learned the information and for grading the quality of information cited in the essay. The third experiment analyzes the knowledge structures of novice and expert readers and compares them to the knowledge structures generated by the model. The experiments illustrate a general approach to modeling and evaluating readers' situation models.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9t69b4bc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Foltz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "M.", "middle_name": "Anne", "last_name": "Britt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Slippery Rock University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Perfetti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31964/galley/23029/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32094, "title": "Reflexive Sense Generation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kj4c63r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jean-Pierre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Corriveau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Computer Science, Carleton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32094/galley/23159/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31925, "title": "Reinforcement learning in Factories: The Auton Project", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Factories are fascinating test-beds for integrated learning systems. In recent years their sensory capabilities have, in many cases, been advanced and integrated so that data from all over the plant is available in real time over a LAN. Here we discuss how reinforcement learning, and related machine learning methods, can take advantage of this information to learn to improve performance, to adapt to change, and to exploit databases of historical records or similar processes in different plants.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Invited Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x92b2n5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Robotics Institute and School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31925/galley/22990/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32088, "title": "Representational Distortion as a Theory of Similarity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fr5d8xk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chater", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, England", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ulrike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, England", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32088/galley/23153/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32125, "title": "Representational Momentum and Boundary Extension: Evidence Suggestive of a More General Displacement Mechanism", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vt666wv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Hubbard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32125/galley/23190/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32163, "title": "Representational Restructuring in Insight Problem Solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8v62q6ps", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Mosmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Colleen", "middle_name": "M .", "last_name": "Seifert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32163/galley/23228/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32114, "title": "Representation of relative velocity in the distal retina is invariant in respect to the illumination of moving object", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qg177zz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Boris", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Galitsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Marketron, Inc.", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32114/galley/23179/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32098, "title": "Representing Regularity: The English Past Tense", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fv1b1tw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Speech and Language, Birkbeck College, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marslen-Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centre for Speech and Language, Birkbeck College, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hare", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Centrer for Research in Language, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32098/galley/23163/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32178, "title": "Resolving Anaphoric Reference: Readings Enythmemic Reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13s028cx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Russell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Revlin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Barbara", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marty", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hegarty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Barbara", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32178/galley/23243/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32168, "title": "Retrieval from the Social Information Base", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xz1v9s2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "HIsao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "NOJIMA", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTT Basic Research Labs", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32168/galley/23233/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32017, "title": "Rhythmic Commonalities between Hand Gestures and Speech", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studies of coordination in rhythmic limb movement have established that certain phase relationships among cycling limbs are preferred, i.e. patterns such as synchrony and anti-synchrony are produced more often and more reliably than arbitrary relations. A speech experiment in which subjects attempt to place a phrase-medial stress at a range of phases within an overall phrase repetition cycle is presented, and analogous results are found. Certain phase relations occur more frequently and exhibit greater stability than others. To a first approximation, these phases are predicted by a simple harmonic model. The observed commonalities between limb movements and spoken rhythm support Leishley's conjecture that a common control strategy underlies the coordination of all rhythmic activity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wv6q6nr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fred", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cummins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Port", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Departments of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32017/galley/23082/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31969, "title": "Satisficing Inference and the Perks of Ignorance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Most approaches to modeling rational inference do not take inio account that in the real world, organisms make inferences under limited time and knowledge. In this tradition, the mind is treated as a calculating demon equipped with unlimited time, knowledge, and computational might. We propose a family of satisficing algorithms based on a simple psychological mechanism: one-reason decision making. These fast and frugal algorithms violate fundamental tenets of classical rationality, for example, they neither look up nor integrate all information. By computer simulation, we held a competition between the satisficing Take The Best algorithm and various more \"optimal\" decision procedures. The Take The Best algorithm matched or outperformed all competitors in inferential speed and accuracy. Most interesting was the flnding that the best algorithms in the competition, those which used a form of one-reason decision making, exhibited a startling \"less-is-more\" effect: they performed better with missing knowledge than with complete knowledge. We discuss the less-is-more effect and present evidence of it in human reasoning. This counter-intuitive effect demonstrates that the mind can satisfice and seize upon regularities in the environment to the extent that it can exploit even the absence of knowledge as knowledge.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fj3k0mb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Goldstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Insitute for Psychological Research", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gerd", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gigerenzer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Insitute for Psychological Research", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31969/galley/23034/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31950, "title": "Scanning of Natural Visual Scenes: How Cognitive and Sensory Mechanisms Work Together to Control Saccades", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Submitted Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8vt692f6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eileen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kowler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McGowan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bahcall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meicher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Araujo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Psychology, Rutgers University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31950/galley/23015/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36530, "title": "Secondary Education in California and Second Language Research: Instructing ESL Students in the 1990s", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Theme Section - Related Issues", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mz778qn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Scarcella", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California at Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/36530/galley/27381/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32179, "title": "See It! Draw It! Make It Move! Dynamic Representations of Causal Models : The sTc Project", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t14b767", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cecil", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Robinson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado, Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Heidi", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Carlone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado, Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cyndi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rader", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado, Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Carlos", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Garcia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado, Boulder", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32179/galley/23244/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31977, "title": "Selective attention in the acquisition of the past tense", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "It is well known that children generally exhibit a \"U-shaped\" pattern of development in the process of acquiring the past tense. Piunkett & Marchman (1991) showed that a connectionist network, trained on the past tense, would exhibit U-shaped learning effects. This network did not completely master the past tense mapping, however. Piunkett & Marchman (1993) showed that a network trained with an incrementally expanded training set was able to achieve acceptable levels of mastery, as well as show the desired U-shaped pattern. In this paper, we point out some problems with using an incrementally expanded training set. We propose a model of selective attention that enables our network to completely master the past tense mapping and exhibit U-shaped learning effects without requiring external manipulation of its training set.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20p9b3xd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jackson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rodger", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Constandse", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Garrison", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Cottrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31977/galley/23042/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32139, "title": "Self-Explanation in Concept Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1fq698ds", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sylvie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leclerc", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitd du Quebec", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Serge", "middle_name": "de", "last_name": "Maisonneuve", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitd du Quebec", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32139/galley/23204/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32165, "title": "Shared Network Resources and Shared Task Properties", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f12q2vh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "W .", "last_name": "Munro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pittsburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32165/galley/23230/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31991, "title": "Similarity to reference shapes as a basis for shape representation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present a unified approach to visual representation, addressing both the needs of superordinate and basic-level categorization and of identification of specific instances of familiar categories. According to the proposed theory, a shape is represented by its similarity to a number of reference shapes, measured in a high-dimensional space of elementary features. This amounts to embedding the stimulus in a low-dimensional proximal shape space. That space turns out to support representation of distal shape similarities which is veridical in the sense of Shepard's (1968) notion of second-order isomorphism (i.e., correspondence between distal and proximal similarities among shapes, rather than between distal shapes and their proximal representations). Furthermore, a general expression for similarity between two stimuli, based on comparisons to reference shapes, can be used to derive models of perceived similarity ranging from continuous, symmetric, and hierarchical, as in the multidimensional scaling models (Shepard, 1980), to discrete and non- hierarchical, as in the general contrast models (Tversky. 1977; Shepard and Arabic, 1979).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4fm2c3x8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shimon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Edelman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Florin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cutzu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duvdevani-Bar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31991/galley/23056/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32037, "title": "Sociocultural Approaches to Analyzing Cognitive Development in Interdisciplinary Teams", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper considers whether a sociocultural theory of cognition can supply a suitable perspective for analyzing the nature of interdisciplinary collaboration within groups in the National Institute for Science Education (NISE). We discuss the metaphors of apprenticeship and voice in conversation to identify relevant elements of analysis in group discourse. The NISE group shows evidence of cognitive apprenticeship and of multiple voicedness, but the theories do not fully explain the impact of interdisciplinary interaction on group cognitive development. Although both the apprenticeship metaphor and the voice metaphor provide useful tools for analysis, it would be useful to have a metaphor that deals more directly with interaction among members of equal status from mature communities of practice.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gr0c3kh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lori", "middle_name": "Adams", "last_name": "DuRussel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Derry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32037/galley/23102/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 32182, "title": "Some Parallels between Visual and Linguistic Processing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Society Member Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5808p58c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gabriele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scheler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universitat Munchen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/32182/galley/23247/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31979, "title": "Spatial cognition in the mind and in the world - the case of hypermedia navigation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present the results of a study of spatial cognition and its relationship to hypermedia navigation. The results show that a distinction can be made between two kinds of spatial cognition. One that concerns the concomitant acting in the physical world, and on that is a pure internal mental activity. This conclusion is supported by two kinds of data. First, a factor analysis of the subtests used in this study groups them into these two categories, and second, it is shown that only the internal one of these factors is related to the subjects performance in using a hypertext-based on-line help system. In the fmal section we point to the theoretical connections between this work and work in areas of situated cognition and on different kinds of mental representations, and discuss various possibilities that the results from this study suggest for the development of interface tools that will help users with low spatial abilities to use hypermedia systems.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Paper Presentations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7v99t8tc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nils", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dahlback", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer and Information Science, Linkoping University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hook", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "SICS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sjolinder", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University/KTH", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "1996-01-01T21:00:00+03:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/31979/galley/23044/download/" } ] } ] }