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{ "count": 39503, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=3500", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=3300", "results": [ { "pk": 50392, "title": "Serial Reproduction Reveals the Interaction of Tempo and Rhythm Perception in Music and Speech", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Music and speech differ in their time scales: music is generally slower, reducing linguistic communication but facilitating discrete rhythm categories, a universal feature of music but not speech. However, the mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. Here, we examine the interaction between tempo and categorical perception of rhythm using large-scale iterated reproduction experiments. Participants (N=1,304) heard music or speech rhythms and reproduced them by tapping or speaking. Their productions were then passed to the next participant over 5 iterations. In music, complex rhythm categories emerged at preferred tempo, while simple categories dominated at extreme speeds. In speech, the pattern deviated from simple integer ratios, and its tempo dependency differed from that of music. Importantly, slowing speech rhythms during transmission induced music-like categories, suggesting that speech categories are temporarily dependent. Our findings highlight how communicative constraints shape distinct rhythmic structures in music and speech.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Biology; Cognitive Neuroscience; Humanities; Psychology; Aesthetics; Creativity; Culture; Language Production; Music; Perception" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38d173kv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Manuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anglada-Tort", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Goldsmiths, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsumaya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jacoby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50392/galley/38354/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49790, "title": "Setting and Adjusting Thresholds in an Optimal Stopping Task: Model Predictions and Empirical Results", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Researchers have proposed that people set thresholds to decide when to stop searching in optimal stopping tasks with full information, where option values are known. Most models assume that individuals set internal thresholds to guide their stopping decisions. However, whether humans actually set and adjust thresholds with experience remains unexamined. This experiment investigates how people set and adjust thresholds and whether this affects search behavior and learning over time. We designed an optimal stopping task where participants either report a threshold before seeing the option's value or proceed without setting one. In addition, we varied whether the set threshold was binding for stopping decisions. Our findings, based on model predictions and empirical data, suggest that setting thresholds leads to more errors and lower accuracy. Accuracy is lowest when thresholds are non-binding. Participants often deviate from their set thresholds and perform better for doing so. These results challenge the assumption that people rely on thresholds for stopping decisions. Instead, they seem to learn from experience to improve accuracy and reduce errors, offering new insights into sequential decision making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Intelligent agents; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9423g6rs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Erin", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Bugbee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cleotilde", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gonzalez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49790/galley/37752/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50140, "title": "Seventeen Times Six Equals Eleven-Twelve: A Multi-Level Analysis of a Conversation with Donald Trump", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this work, we apply a variety of theoretical perspectives and tools to discourse from a popular talk show. We describe how participants in a 72-second excerpt from The Howard Stern Show marshal social, cognitive, and linguistic resources to negotiate the answer to a simple arithmetic problem. Our interdisciplinary analysis of the interaction identifies phenomena occurring at multiple levels as eight people are clamoring to influence the conversation in their own way, arguing, interrupting one another, aligning on certain phrases, and generating embodied mental imagery. While math errors are common human mistakes, the social dominance effects that allow a wrong answer to be accepted as a correct answer are concerning. We conclude that when multiple theoretical perspectives and tools are applied together on real-world linguistic phenomena, there is a multi-scale richness and massive interactivity that is sometimes neglected when language scientists focus solely on a single level of analysis.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Distributed cognition; Embodied Cognition; Group Behaviour; Interactive behavior; Language Comprehension; Language Production; Language understanding; Pragmatics; Problem Solv" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0820v631", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spivey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Merced", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lupyan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Raymond", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibbs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Independent Scholar", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tanenhaus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Seana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Coulson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50140/galley/38102/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49647, "title": "Sexual Selection Preferences in Anthropomorphized Imagery of Interpretative Graphics in Quantitative Visualization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When choosing what we find visually attractive, men and women tend to focus on different features, even for simple shapes. This study investigates gender differences in visual feature preferences during the anthropomorphization of graphics in the context of sexual selection. We constructed a feature set consisting of 48 geometric attributes to explore how these elements affect sexual selection preferences across genders. In Study 1, we quantitatively visualized these features using genetic algorithms, GANs, and manual design. Study 2 assessed gender preferences through an online survey of 288 participants, revealing the most significant features and differences in male and female preferences.Finally, in Study 3, we applied these findings to real-world art (Chinese calligraphy) to verify the explanatory power of the features. Our results provide new insights into the role of visual features in sexual selection and have practical applications in art, product design, and user experience optimization.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Art and Cognition; Attractiveness; Human-computer interaction" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07f4m4w5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yongle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jiangnan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ruimin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lyu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jiangnan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49647/galley/37609/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50362, "title": "Shared control impairs cognitive control: Human responses inhibition slows when machines fail to inhibit", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In order to fulfill goals, humans make use of cognitive control, which is a suite of processes to plan and manage thoughts and actions. One such process is response inhibition, which entails stopping a response when an action becomes inappropriate. Traditionally, response inhibition is measured in experimental settings in which humans have unilateral responsibility for inhibiting the action. However, in the real world, humans are increasingly sharing control with artificial intelligence (AI), with the paradigmatic case being partially automated vehicles. We designed an experiment that includes some aspects of partially automated vehicles and found that when humans share control with an AI that often but does not always stop, human response inhibition is significantly slowed even when the AI does not intervene. This reveals a cost of sharing control to human cognitive control, suggesting that the benefits of partial automation should be weighed against the costs of impaired human control.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Human-computer interaction; Motor control; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dx164zg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Bissett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kriti", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Achyutuni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jaime Ali H.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rios", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Henry M.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Russell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Poldrack", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50362/galley/38324/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49923, "title": "Short Intervention during Sustained Attention Tasks Preserve Performance Without Reducing Mind-Wandering", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite extensive evidence that performance declines over time in sustained attention tasks, questions remain about whether interventions such as short breaks can address this issue. This study investigated the effects of a rest-break vs. task-switch during the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) on task performance and mind-wandering (MW) frequency. In addition to measuring performance via accuracy and reaction time (RT), drift-diffusion modeling (DDM) was implemented to assess performance, and the effectiveness of the interventions was evaluated across different mental states (on-task vs. off-task). Results showed that both interventions preserved accuracy compared to the no-break group. The rest-break intervention maintained stable no-go drift rates, while the task-switch intervention showed an increase in boundary separation. However, neither intervention reduced rates of MW. Additionally, the effects of interventions were more pronounced when participants reported being on-task. These findings suggest that short breaks can help sustain performance, yet do not necessarily halt MW.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Other; Computational Modeling; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61r4n434", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Siyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stocco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brianna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yamasaki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49923/galley/37885/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50146, "title": "SIESTA: A Spectral-Temporal Unified Framework for Robust Cross-Subject EEG Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Electroencephalography (EEG) provides critical insights into brain activity, yet its inherent variability and nonstationary nature pose significant challenges for computational analysis, particularly in cross-subject generalization tasks. We present SIESTA (Spectral Invariant EEG-based Semi-causal Transform Architecture), a novel EEG foundation model that addresses these challenges through three key innovations: (1) VQGAN-based spectral tokenization capturing wavelet representation of EEG; (2) a dual-stream Transformer architecture pre-trained using a semi-causal generative modeling approach; and (3) Contrastive Invariant Fine-Tuning (CIFT), a label-free domain adaptation strategy that aligns feature distributions across subjects by integrating spectral-temporal dynamics. Pre-trained on over 32,900 hours of diverse EEG data, SIESTA achieves state-of-the-art performance in epilepsy monitoring, improves F1-score by $12.4 \\%$ on scalp EEG and $8.7 \\%$ on intracranial EEG, respectively. Beyond epilepsy, SIESTA demonstrates strong generalizability to non-epilepsy tasks, including motor imagery and sleep stage classification. These results validate that spectrotemporal integration and domain-invariant learning are fundamental for modeling cross-subject EEG variability, establishing new benchmarks for robust brain-computing systems.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Pattern recognition; Big data; Electroencephalography (EEG); Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nb9z2pw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ruizhe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuguo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50146/galley/38108/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49200, "title": "Simulating the Emergence of Differential Case Marking with Communicating Neural-Network Agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Differential Case Marking (DCM) refers to the selective use of grammatical case marking based on semantic, pragmatic, or other factors. The emergence of DCM has been studied in artificial language learning experiments with human participants, which were specifically aimed at disentangling the effects of learning from those of communication (Smith & Culbertson, 2020). Meanwhile, multi-agent reinforcement learning frameworks based on neural networks have gained significant interest to simulate the emergence of human-like linguistic phenomena. In this study, we employ such a framework in which agents first acquire an artificial language before engaging in communicative interactions, enabling direct comparisons to human results. Using a very generic communication optimization algorithm and neural-network learners that have no prior experience with language or semantic preferences, our results demonstrate that learning alone does not lead to DCM, but when agents communicate, differential use of markers arises. This supports Smith & Culbertson (2020)'s findings highlighting the critical role of communication in shaping DCM and showcases the potential of neural-agent models to complement experimental research on language evolution.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Evolution; Intelligent agents; Interactive behavior; Agent-based Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5dr7h5tp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yuchen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Xi'an Jiaotong University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arianna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bisazza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Groningen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tessa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verhoef", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leiden University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49200/galley/37161/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49200/galley/38706/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49417, "title": "Simulating variation in infant-caregiver attachment using reinforcement learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Infants' attachment to their caregivers is a central feature of their early social and emotional development. Attachment Theory posits that these relationships vary systematically across distinct styles, though there has been debate about the extent to which these differences reflect features of caregivers' responsiveness vs. infants' own temperament. We develop a simple reinforcement learning model of infant exploration that allows us to vary the characteristics of simulated infants and caregivers and analyze the resulting patterns of model behavior. A set of equilibria reliably emerges that corresponds qualitatively to canonical attachment styles; particular agents' equilibria are controlled by both caregiver and infant parameters. These simulations point the way towards a quantitative synthesis of prior theoretical debates about the nature of attachment.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Development; Social cognition; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9kp245hr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Xi Jia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Doyle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Logan", "middle_name": "Matthew", "last_name": "Cross", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Frank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Haber", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49417/galley/37379/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49655, "title": "Singular \"they\" exposure increases singular interpretations in ambiguous pronouns", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Evidence is accumulating that patterns of use for singular \"they\" are changing in English. The pronoun is becoming the preferred generic when the gender of the referent is unknown or backgrounded. This change reflects a shift in patterns of acceptability for uses of singular \"they\" which is in turn linked to the increased frequency of singular they. We predict that adaptation may be a cognitive mechanism underlying this change, and if so, we may see short-term adaptation within a lab session. In the present study, we use a between-subjects priming paradigm to test whether participants adapt to the frequency with which they encounter singular or plural senses of \"they\" in the local discourse. We find that selections of singular \"they\" are significantly more likely after participants have been exposed to unambiguously singular vs. plural uses of \"they\". This finding implicates adaptation and suggests that adaptation may link changes in the frequency of linguistic forms to changes in their acceptability.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Discourse; Language Comprehension; Statistical learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48t2j47d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "Ravi", "last_name": "Kesan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arnold", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UNC Chapel Hill", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49655/galley/37617/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50102, "title": "Situation-Dependent Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Crying Alone or in Presence of Others?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study aimed to investigate how individuals regulate emotional expression in different crying situations. Using a questionnaire survey, we examined the everyday crying experiences of 173 Japanese university students, focusing on how empathy and personality traits influence the decision to cry alone or in presence of others. Statistical analyses revealed that individuals with higher agreeableness scores tend to suppress crying in presence of others when experiencing emotions triggered by a close person's sadness or by fictional and documentary characters. However, in situations involving achievements or defeats, they are more likely to share their emotions by crying with others. These findings suggest that highly agreeable individuals are particularly sensitive to social norms and adjust their emotional expressions to align with contextual appropriateness. This study highlights the role of personality in emotional regulation and provides insight into the social functions of crying in interpersonal contexts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Empathy; Social cognition; Survey" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cf7p54x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kozue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miyashiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utsunomiya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sugiura", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utsunomiya University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50102/galley/38064/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49343, "title": "Six-Year-Olds Use an Intuitive Theory of Attention to Infer What Others See, Whom to Trust, and What They Want", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding the relationship between seeing and knowing is fundamental to social cognition. While research demonstrates that even infants grasp basic aspects of this relationship, prior work often treats perceptual access and knowledge as equivalent (e.g., \"if you see it, you know it\"). In reality, their connection is richer: more complex objects require longer to encode, and agents' looking patterns often reveal how well they have encoded something and how much they want it. Across three experiments, we investigated whether children understand these nuances. In Experiment 1, we found that by age six, children expect more objects to require longer looking times. In Experiment 2, children inferred that agents who looked longer were more likely to form accurate representations of what they observed. In Experiment 3, children reasoned that agents who looked longer at an object were more likely to want it. Together, these findings suggest that by age six, children develop an intuitive theory of attention, enabling them to make sophisticated inferences about others' mental states based on looking behaviors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive development; Social cognition; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0w82962w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marlene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jara-Ettinger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49343/galley/37304/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49948, "title": "Sketching with generative AI: verbal but not visual inspiration mitigates cognitive fixations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Symbolic visual sketching is a hallmark of human\ncreativity, enabling the externalization of abstract concepts\nthrough figurative representations. Yet, creative\nexpression can be constrained by pervasive conceptual\nassociations—culturally learned mappings between\nabstract ideas and standard visual forms (e.g., a dove\nsymbolizing peace). Generative AI has the potential to\nliberate such fixations due to AI's access to a broad range\nof content and ideas, but it remains unclear whether and\nhow inspiration from verbal or visual modalities better\nmitigates fixations. Here, we hypothesized that the verbal\nmodality induces greater conceptual divergence than the\nvisual modality by bypassing perceptual constraints,\nwhereas the visual modality may reinforce perceptually\nfamiliar mapping of visual representations. Participants\ngenerated sketches of abstract concepts (e.g., \"time\")\nbefore and after receiving GPT-4-generated verbal or\nvisual inspiration. Drawings were analyzed using deep\nneural networks—by comparing perceptual features\n(VGG16-based) and semantic-perceptual content (CLIP-\nbased)— as well as both human and GPT-4 scoring for\ncreativity. We found that verbal inspiration significantly\nincreased semantic distance and uniqueness, whereas\nvisual inspiration led to minimal semantic divergence from\nthe initial sketches. Importantly, low-level perceptual\nfeatures remained unchanged across conditions, indicating\nthat verbal prompts primarily influenced high-level\nconceptual framing of the sketches rather than their visual\nfeatures. These findings demonstrate the effect of modality\non mitigating cognitive fixations, with the verbal modality\nenhancing more unconventional visual sketching.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Creativity; Human-computer interaction; Machine learning; Representation; Semantic memory; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nq1t9q1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yaxin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maxwell", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Kay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Green", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roger", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beaty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Pennsylvania State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49948/galley/37910/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50207, "title": "Smartphone and Cognitive Processes: an experimental study on the Brain Drain effect", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The mere presence of the smartphone seems to impair cognitive performance and cause the \"Brain Drain\" effect. However, researchers have attempted to replicate this effect, with null results in most cases. The present study is a conceptual replication of the experiment by Ward and colleagues (2017), using the smartphone abstinence paradigm to increase smartphone salience and consequently enhance the Brain Drain effect. Participants were smartphone abstinent for 5 hours. At the end of the abstinence period, they performed cognitive tasks after being randomly assigned to one of two conditions: one group performed the tasks while their smartphone was turned off next to them; the second group performed the tasks while their smartphone was in another room. Although abstinence was found to increase over time, the results showed no Brain Drain effect. This effect therefore does not appear to occur even when the salience of the device is emphasized through abstinence.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Human-computer interaction; Memory; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61s0x8ks", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stefano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pileggi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Claudia", "middle_name": "Virginia", "last_name": "Manara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trieste", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "serena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "mingolo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Physics, University of Calabria", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tiziano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Agostini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trieste", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fabrizio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sors", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mauro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Murgia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trieste", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50207/galley/38169/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49245, "title": "Social Engagement Leads Infants to Represent People as Individuals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How do infants come to represent people's identities? In two experiments (N = 86), we investigated 7- to 10-month-old infants' abilities to individuate (i) one of their own caregivers and an unfamiliar adult and (ii) people who are either socially engaged or disengaged. Although classic research has found that infants at these ages do not individuate objects (e.g., a duck and a ball), the infants in our experiments individuated people, so long as those people were socially engaging. These findings suggest that infants represent people as individual entities before they do objects, which may support the formation of children's relationships or their evaluations of others.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Representation; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4db7k8t2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brandon", "middle_name": "Matthew", "last_name": "Woo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Barbara", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haowei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Steele", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ashley", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Thomas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49245/galley/37206/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49245/galley/38751/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50438, "title": "Social information eases discourse processing in human listeners", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When using language, we talk often about other people. Given this skew in lived experience, we asked whether listeners process discourse with social topics more efficiently than non-social discourse. Thirty-nine participants listened to normed pairs of passages that differed only in three phrases to yield either a social or non-social topic. After listening, participants recalled all they could about the passage. While participants' recall accuracy across conditions was similar (p = .19), social discourse was recalled significantly faster (M = 103 s, SD = 52 s) than non-social discourse (M = 121 s, SD = 80 s, p = .01). Additionally, they relied less on verbatim memory for social than non-social discourse (p < .0001). This suggests that participants' experience with social language allows them to rely on existing social schema rather than verbatim memory. Our communicative system is sensitive to even the tiniest bit of gossip in the input.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Discourse; Language Comprehension; Memory; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t11d0t3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Elmlinger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Morten", "middle_name": "H", "last_name": "Christiansen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cornell University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50438/galley/38400/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49327, "title": "Social Learning Shapes Moral Strategy Selection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Social norms—perceptions of what is commonly done in a given context—serve as powerful signals for guiding moral decision-making in complex dilemmas. We investigate whether individuals adjust their moral strategies in response to information about others' judgments, and explore the underlying learning processes that support these shifts. Using a computational approach, we compare two models of social learning: (1) Decision Biasing, where social influence temporarily alters choices without affecting underlying values, and (2) Value Shaping, where social feedback directly updates individuals' moral value representations. Our results show that a Decision Biasing model fails to adequately explain the observed data, while a Value Shaping model better accounts for the persistence of moral adaptation. Taken together, these data suggest that social norms may play a role in shaping not only immediate moral choices but also the strategies people use to make them.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Social cognition; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/024054w8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Calcott", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fiery", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cushman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49327/galley/37288/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49964, "title": "Socially Situated Navigation: Social Rank and Sex Influence Spatial Navigation Strategies in Japanese Macaques", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Primates' social interactions are grounded in temporal and spatial\nrelationships, with physical proximity commonly used to assess\naffiliation, dominance, and tolerance. Yet proximity is often treated\nas a static, categorical measure rather than a dynamic, continuous\nprocess. Here, we combine computer vision and environmental\nmarkers to precisely quantify short-range social distances in two\ngroups of Japanese macaques housed in large outdoor enclosures.\nOur social tolerance test results show that, when entering a\nfood-baited circle, macaques positioned themselves at\ngreater-than-chance distances from conspecifics, particularly to\ndominants. Furthermore, lower-ranking individuals tended to\nfollow more indirect paths before approaching the food resource,\nsuggesting they weigh social risks alongside physical positioning.\nBy treating social proximity as a dynamic process, our study\nprovides new insights into how primates navigate social and\nphysical environments. This illustrates the potential of our method\nfor more nuanced measures of group organization, tolerance, and\ndecision-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Biology; Computer Science; Psychology; Animal cognition; Interactive behavior; Machine learning; Situated cognition; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5482q5v0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephan", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Kaufhold", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jack", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Terwilliger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Federico", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rossano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49964/galley/37926/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50372, "title": "Social position as a constraint on linguistic alignment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "During conversation, individual speakers become part of a larger conversational system. This is observable in interpersonal coordination, variously described as alignment, synchrony, convergence, and complexity matching. While this coordination is ubiquitous, the degree of coordination varies greatly between conversations, interlocutors, and group-level goals. There is growing interest in understanding the constraints that operate at the level of the conversational system. We explore how social distance, the status and demographic differences of conversation partners, constrain linguistic alignment. To do this, we leverage the CANDOR dataset (Reece et al., 2022), which contains 1656 approximately half-hour ZOOM conversations between strangers and a large battery of follow-up questions regarding their conversation, personality, and demographic information including perceptions of status. In this exploratory study, we use recurrence analysis to examine how various coordinative behaviors, particularly lexical and syntactic alignment, are influenced by the social distance between conversation partners. Experimental follow-ups are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Interactive behavior; Corpus studies" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8h20t77n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heath", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Memphis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huette", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Memphis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50372/galley/38334/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49142, "title": "Soft production preferences emerge from a bottleneck on memory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Soft production preferences are a key feature of incremental language production, yet they lack a well-defined unified explanatory theory. Here, we propose an information-theoretic theory of availability effects grounded in the notion of lossy-context working memory, which takes the form of a cost function that can be applied to any computational-level model of language production. We show that production policies that minimize this cost function naturally give rise to key soft preferences observed in empirical data, including frequency bias, heavy-NP shift, and agreement attraction. We then show a novel prediction made by the model regarding the entropy of arguments' thematic roles, and show that this effect holds in corpus data.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8d87v78d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Neil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rathi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Futrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jurafsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49142/galley/37103/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49142/galley/38648/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49968, "title": "Solving strategic social coordination via Bayesian learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Repeated social coordination is a crucial aspect of daily life in which individuals strategically distribute labor and resources, often to accomplish complex tasks and goals. However, social coordination is also very challenging because humans often have competing interests, especially when successful coordination persistently leaves one party better off, entrenching inequality. Here we use a novel task, the Asymmetric Social Exchange (ASE) Game, to study how individuals learn to coordinate with different kinds of social partners and how individual trait variability on key social dimensions related to negative evaluation (i.e., social anxiety), impacts compliance with disadvantageous conventions (N = 675). Using two kinds of Bayesian models, one that learns from experience and one that builds a causal model of others' hidden motivations, we show that differences in coordination strategies arise from both individual learning differences and from expressed social preferences. Further, we find that social anxiety increases compliance with disadvantageous payoffs.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Causal reasoning; Learning; Social cognition; Clinical methods; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9w07j1fr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amrita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lamba", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "Dae", "last_name": "Houlihan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saxe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMass", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49968/galley/37930/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49610, "title": "Some Assembly Required: Learning Facts in Isolation Limits Inferences", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When learning with self-testing alone, will a learner make inferences between the tested items? This study examines whether self-testing's benefits extend beyond isolated facts to support broader connections between the facts. Comparing self-testing to self-explanation (a strategy known to facilitate inferential learning), we find that while self-testing participants show superior recall of individual facts, they perform significantly worse at making connections between those facts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Concepts and categories; Instruction and teaching; Language Comprehension; Learning; Representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m55z785", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Motz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chinni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Audrey", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Barriball", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University Bloomington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McNamara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arizona State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49610/galley/37572/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50370, "title": "Some Innate Characteristics of Neural Models of Morphological Inflection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Neural Network Models of Morphological Inflection (NNMIs) have deep relevance to cognitive science stemming from the central role that they played in the Past Tense Debate of the 1980s and 1990s. Critics of the connectionist approach to the mind frequently pointed to NNMIs' shortcomings in the area of developmental realism: they argued that regardless of their ultimate accuracy, they failed to capture patterns of child language acquisition including developmental regressions and a propensity for over-regularization rather than irregularization. However, NNMIs have seen impressive improvement in the deep learning era of the 2010s and 2020s. Have modern NNMIs solved the old problems of developmental realism? We find that they have not. The persistence of these shortcomings suggests that they reflect \"innate\" characteristics of NNMIs as a class of learner, and that even substantial advancement in neural architectures and subsequent performance increases do not necessarily entail increased cognitive plausibility.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Morphology; Natural Language Processing; Computational Modeling; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0w60s6z0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "R B", "last_name": "Payne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stony Brook University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kodner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stony Brook University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50370/galley/38332/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50341, "title": "Space-time perception of Mandarin Speakers: age, temporal-focus and contextual priming", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Research regarding the Temporal focus hypothesis has contributed to\nunderstanding space-time cognition. However, the relative influence of temporal\nfocus, contextual priming, and age on implicit space-time mapping requires further\ninvestigation. Seventy-one Mandarin-speaking participants in Taiwan responded to\neither past or future-related questions, followed by the temporal diagram task and the\ntemporal-focus questionnaire. Data were analyzed through chi-square and a three-way\nANOVA. Results indicated a significant difference in front-back mapping between\nyounger and older participants while not between the past and the future-primed\nconditions. Notably, most participants tended to locate future events in the front box.\nFurthermore, the ANOVA results revealed that past or future-focused statements and\nage significantly related to participants' temporal attitudes. The current study partially\nsupports the temporal hypothesis; age is significantly related to Mandarin speakers'\nimplicit space-time mapping and temporal focus, whereas the priming condition was\ninsignificant.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Cognition of Time; Language and thought; Perception; Statistics" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6r53p31k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hsin-Yu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fan Chiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Taiwan Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yu-Jui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Taiwan Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Huichen S.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsiao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Taiwan Normal University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50341/galley/38303/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49604, "title": "Spacing Meets Cross-Situational Word Learning: How the Temporal Structure of Labeling Events Affects Word Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Limited work has considered how the temporal distribution of labeling events affects word learning in ambiguous contexts, such as the cross-situational word learning paradigm, over real-world timescales. The temporal distribution of learning events can impact how well information is retained: spacing out information promotes retention more than presenting information in close succession. In the current study, adults were presented with novel object-word pairings across six different temporal schedules over four consecutive training days. Word learning was assessed either immediately after the final training session (N = 50) or after a week (N = 54). Results revealed that adults successfully disambiguated word-object mappings across all learning schedules at both test times, except for the massed and most spaced schedules at the 1-week delay. These findings suggest that temporal distribution effects emerge across extended timescales, but there might be constraints on the amount of spacing that is optimal for word learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language acquisition; Learning; Memory; Statistical learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s5830m7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melina", "middle_name": "Lauryn", "last_name": "Knabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas at Austin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vlach", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49604/galley/37566/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49951, "title": "Sparse coding generates efficient representations for autoassociative memories", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We propose a two-layer computational neuroscience model for storing and retrieving sensory patterns in memory. The first layer, sparse coding, generates condensed yet explicit representations adapted to the statistics of natural scenes. The second layer, a complex-valued associative memory model, can store patterns generated by the first layer and recover partial or corrupted versions of them. We demonstrate the model's collective effectiveness at denoising and recalling sensory patterns from a dataset of natural images, with both layers providing complementary contributions to improving the peak signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the invariance of the model to pairwise phase differences allows for partial generalization to similar scenes. Collectively, these principles are consistent with prior theory and experiments in neuroscience, and lead to potential predictions about inference mechanisms in biological neural networks.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Memory; Computational neuroscience; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zm5g496", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yazhou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zeyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bruno", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Olshausen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kymn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49951/galley/37913/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50041, "title": "Sparse distributed memory constraints drive representational change as a function of temporal learning sequence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Prior work suggests that different learning sequences—blocking (spacing out overlapping information) vs. interleaving (intermixing related content)—bias memory representations toward integration or separation (e.g., overlapping or distinct representations) to support different functions. However, findings on how sequences influence memory representations remain inconsistent. We propose that individual differences in memory capacity, encoding style, and their interaction govern the balance between memory integration and separation. Using feedforward neural networks, we modeled inference performance while varying memory capacity and encoding sparsity versus distributedness. We find that blocked training promotes integration when memory capacity is low, while interleaved training enhances integration when capacity is high. Sparse representations benefit from blocked schedules by orthogonalizing related information, whereas distributed representations favor interleaved schedules that promote overlap and integration. These results highlight the critical role of individual differences in memory capacity and encoding constraints in shaping the effects of training sequences on memory representations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Event cognition; Learning; Memory; Representation; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vw4h7f5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dale", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sharon", "middle_name": "Mina", "last_name": "Noh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Keiland", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jianle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dinh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aaron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bornstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "university of california, irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50041/galley/38003/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50468, "title": "Spatial and Math Anxiety Differentially Predict Spatial and Math Performance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spatial skills are crucial for math learning and success in STEM fields, including computer science and artificial intelligence. Given that math anxiety harms math learning and interests, understanding how spatial skills moderate the relationship between STEM-specific anxieties (e.g., math and spatial anxiety) and math and spatial performance is important for providing insights into STEM readiness. In a pilot study (N=41; 30 females), undergraduate students reported their levels of spatial and math anxiety, along with their spatial (block rotation and spatial relations) and math calculation performance, while controlling for general anxiety and cognitive fluency. Although spatial anxiety did not correlate with math and spatial performance, math anxiety negatively correlated with spatial relations and math performance. Thus, math anxiety seems to extend beyond mathematical domains, whereas spatial anxiety does not. Future research should explore spatial interventions aimed to improve math efficacy, reduce math anxiety, and determine whether these effects support STEM learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Learning; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mh2w2d1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Valadez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vega", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Corinne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bower", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "California State University, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50468/galley/38430/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49178, "title": "Spatial Dynamics Shape the Interaction Between Motor Adaptation Processes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Motor adaptation relies on explicit aiming strategies and implicit recalibration, but their interaction and effects on implicit skill learning remain debated. While these processes were initially thought to combine linearly, recent research challenges this view, though spatial and temporal dynamics may have confounded these findings. Specifically, implicit recalibration peaks at where individuals aim their movements, and adaptation operates across multiple timescales, with both stable and volatile components. To examine whether these factors mask the true relationship between explicit strategies and implicit recalibration, we conducted a visuomotor rotation task that obtained independent measures of both processes while accounting for spatial and temporal dynamics. After controlling for task instruction clarity and spatial dynamics (plan-based generalization), we found a strong but subadditive relationship between explicit strategies and implicit recalibration, with temporal dynamics showing minimal influence. This sub-additivity may stem from methodological imprecision or nonlinear interactions between processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xj9r722", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yifei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Taylor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49178/galley/37139/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49178/galley/38684/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49408, "title": "Spatial-Energy-Aware Dynamic Filtering with Sparse Graph Convolutions for EEG Emotion Recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Accurate recognition of human emotions from EEG signals plays a critical role in affective computing and human-computer interaction. However, existing methods face significant challenges in effectively capturing the sparse, dynamic, and energy-dependent characteristics of brain activity during emotional experiences. To address these challenges, we propose a novel framework, Spatial-Energy-Aware Dynamic Filtering with Sparse Graph Convolutions (SEASGC), which rethinks EEG graph modeling from three perspectives: (1) sparse graph construction to adaptively capture the essential functional relationships between brain regions, (2) dynamic and location-dependent filtering to model nonlinear interactions between EEG nodes, and (3) energy-aware feature aggregation to leverage energy changes as critical indicators of emotional intensity. By explicitly integrating these principles, SEASGC provides a more comprehensive representation of EEG signals for emotion recognition. Extensive experiments on benchmark EEG emotion datasets demonstrate that SEASGC achieves state-of-the-art performance, highlighting its effectiveness and generalizability in modeling the complex spatial-spectral dynamics of EEG signals.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Emotion Perception; Machine learning; Spatial cognition; Brain Stimulation; Dynamic Systems Modeling; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31r0t22m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jingjing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hefei University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shuaiqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Si", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Anhui University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Junran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wuhu Brain Media Information Technology Co., Ltd.", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49408/galley/37370/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49480, "title": "Spatial language and intuitive physics in children and adults: It's not so simple", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Do simple spatial terms such as in or on map directly to intuitive physical judgements about spatial relationships between objects that underlie these terms' meaning? We explored this question in the domain of physical support. Adults (N=120) and 4-year-old children (N=42) were shown videos in which a puppet placed an L-shaped object in contact with a table at locations that varied in whether the object was supported or not. Half of the participants were asked for linguistic judgments (\"Is X on Y?\") and half were asked for intuitive physics judgments (\"Will X fall if (agent) lets go?\"). Results revealed that linguistic judgments were largely categorical, with child and adult participants labeling objects as on even when the object was not truly supported. In contrast, intuitive physics judgments aligned closely with the object's actual possibility of true support. However, responses also varied by the orientation of the L-shaped object, with on applying categorically to a regularly oriented L, but in a more graded fashion for a mirror image oriented L. Our findings suggest that the mapping between the simple spatial term on and physical reasoning systems are not completely coupled, and that the ways in which language draws on intuitive physical reasoning is complex.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language and thought; Reasoning; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87v3p0rg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Karima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Elgamal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rennie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pasquinelli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lakusta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Montclair State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Landau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49480/galley/37442/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49328, "title": "Spatial language and memory diverge in BaYaka hunter-gatherers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People conceptualize space using different spatial reference frames, based either in the body or the environment. Many studies attribute this cognitive diversity to spatial language, but their effects are confounded by differences across cultures and experimental tasks. Here we tested this hypothesis in people and tasks that are directly comparable. Indigenous BaYaka adults in the Congo basin reconstructed simple object arrays from memory and later described the same arrays aloud. Reference frames diverged across modalities in three primary ways. First, they used body-based frames seven times more often in their spatial memory than in their spatial descriptions of the same stimuli. Second, linguistic and non-linguistic responses were uncorrelated across participants, despite substantial variation. Third, each of two factors – spatial aspect and axis – influenced spatial language and memory differently, even in the same individuals. The results show that this fundamental feature of spatial thinking does not reflect patterns of spatial language.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Culture; Language and thought; Memory; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7v06q86h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pitt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Toulouse School of Economics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haneul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Toulouse School of Economics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49328/galley/37289/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49669, "title": "Spatially Upward and Emotionally Uncertain: A Pilot Study on Mental Representations of Lexical Tones", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The present study investigated cross-modal correspondences between Cantonese tones and two dimensions: (1) spatial motion and (2) emotional valence, via a forced-choice mapping task on Hong Kong native speakers. Results show that the two contour tones (rising and falling contours) could be reliably matched with motions (upward and downward) that are congruent with pitch trajectories; and in contrast, the correspondence between contour tones and emotion valence (rising tone is positive and falling tone is negative) was less robust and limited for selective vowels. In summary, our findings indicate that beyond arbitrary form-meaning correspondence, vertical spatial information, both concrete (motion) and abstract (valence), are also encoded in lexical tones of Hong Kong Cantonese, but that the relative strengths of the two types of correspondences were not equivalent.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Embodied Cognition; Language and thought; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pp727mj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Feier", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southeast University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chun Hau", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ngai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Ottawa", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "He", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49669/galley/37631/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50017, "title": "Spatial separation impedes encoding of the whole", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Proportional reasoning is a ubiquitous part of human experience. Despite this ubiquity, proportion appears to be more difficult to think about in some contexts than others. Specifically, people seem to struggle more with proportional information represented by visually separated parts versus parts integrated into a whole. Why is this? One possibility is that spatial separation deters people from treating the whole as a singular unit that they can use in reasoning about a proportion. Here, we report the results of a study that tested this hypothesis by probing participants' ensemble perception of the wholes that they are exposed to in a concurrent proportion comparison task. Study results support the hypothesis that spatial separation impedes encoding of the whole.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Perception; Reasoning" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2m29d4p0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amritpal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Singh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University, New Brunswick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paige", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dadika", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jake", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Quilty-Dunn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michelle", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Hurst", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University, New Brunswick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50017/galley/37979/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50428, "title": "Spatial skills in grassroots athletes and athletes with functional impairments: A screening study in Latvia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Visuo-spatial abilities contribute to successful athletic performance (Millard et al., 2021), and the results of visio-spatial tests have a predictive and diagnostic value (Moreau et al., 2012). In our study, we test participants from grassroots sports (n=186) and adapted sports (n=30) with tests covering allocentric and egocentric cognition (Mental rotation (Shepard & Metzler, 1988), Perspective taking (Kozhevnikov & Hegarty, 2001), Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale (SBSOD) (Hegarty et al., 2002)) using a web application. We compare differences in spatial skills in both groups depending on demography (age, gender) and sports training characteristics (type of sport, training regularity, experience). Preliminary results suggest that (1) mental rotation performance is similar across groups; (2) participants from the grassroots sports perform better in the perspective-taking test; (3) SBSOD measurements are slightly better in the adapted sports.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Action; Spatial cognition; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8916t076", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jurgis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Skilters", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Liga", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zarina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Solvita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Umbrasko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Santa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bartu__vica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ze__e", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50428/galley/38390/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49810, "title": "Spatial Terms in English Plus Twelve Languages: Evidence for Functional and Geometric Classes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A long-standing open question concerns the universal properties of the representations of spatial expressions, specifically, the question of whether they fall into two separate classes, functional/ force-dynamic vs. geometric (Landau, 2025). Recently Viechnicki et al. (2024) proposed a new method for examining spatial expressions across languages by filtering massive parallel text corpora for basic locative constructions (BLCs); that study showed promising but tentative and limited evidence for the two classes of spatial expressions across languages. The current study replicates and extends those overall findings using a larger corpus and a more effective filtration technique. Experiment 1 analyzes cross-linguistic variational patterns from a corpus of parallel BLCs from 12 languages, finding distinct patterns for functional and geometric spatial terms. Experiment 2 examines the semantics of ground objects from a large corpus of English BLCs and reveals additional evidence for two underlying classes of spatial relations. The two experiments strengthen the evidence from web-scale corpus linguistics supporting distinct universal cognitive representations of functional vs. geometric spatial terms.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Linguistics; Language and thought; Natural Language Processing; Spatial cognition; Corpus studies; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76w0k0h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Viechnicki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zandi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eberstadt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Landau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49810/galley/37772/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49421, "title": "Speaker knowledge modulates the effects of generic language on essentialist beliefs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This research examines how language (generic vs. specific) and speaker knowledge (knowledgeable vs. unknowledgeable) influence essentialist beliefs about a novel social category in children and adults. Across two studies (N = 448 children, 433 adults), adults were more likely to endorse essentialist beliefs when knowledgeable speakers used generic descriptions. Children's responses varied by evaluation timing. In Study 1, when test questions were delayed, children's essentialist beliefs were influenced by language but not speaker knowledge. In Study 2, when memory demands were reduced by having children evaluate claims immediately after hearing them, children showed sensitivity to speaker knowledge, mirroring adults' responses. These findings highlight the role of language and contextual cues in shaping essentialist thought about social groups, suggesting that the effects of generics on social thought are dependent on the cultural expertise of the speaker.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Development; Language and thought; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fh0s9cb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stephenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Moran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah-jane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leslie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marjorie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rhodes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49421/galley/37383/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49215, "title": "Speaker-Related Cognitive Constraints on Multimodal Audience Design During Spatial Communication", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Human communication is multimodal, characterized by the use of speech and co-speech iconic gestures. While previous research examined how cognitive and communicative demands affect multimodal language use, the interplay between speaker-related cognitive constraints and listener-oriented adaptations remains unclear. The present study examines how speakers with varying spatial skills adjust their speech and iconic gestures when addressing interlocutors with different spatial skills. By employing the imagined addressee paradigm, twenty-three participants described how to solve mental rotation problems to interlocutors with low- versus high-spatial skills. Speakers produced more iconic gestures when addressing low-spatial compared to high-spatial interlocutors. However, this adaptation was primarily observed among individuals with above-average spatial skills. These findings extend prior work on multimodal audience design, showing that while speakers adjust their gestures based on listener characteristics, these adaptations are constrained by the speaker's cognitive capacities. This study highlights the dynamic interaction between cognitive and communicative demands in multimodal language.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language Production; Spatial cognition; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13g0n75p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Demet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "…zer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bilkent University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tilbe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gšksun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ko� University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49215/galley/37176/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49215/galley/38721/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49977, "title": "Speakers strategically adjust their descriptions based on perceived memorability", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When talking about the world in front of us, humans are remarkably efficient communicators. Our referential expressions help listeners efficiently find what we're talking about by strategically adding color or material words. But most conversations involve things not physically in front of us. In these cases, do we also use language to efficiently help a listener retrieve an item from memory? Across two experiments, we asked participants to describe images to help a listener recall them. In Experiment 1 (n = 600), participants spontaneously incorporated expectations about memorability by providing more description for images they expected to be less memorable. People's descriptions aligned more with subjective memorability estimates rather than objective, empirically-derived metrics. In Experiment 2 (n = 300), we replicated this pattern even when participants had no access to their listener's prior experience. Together, this work provides evidence that speakers spontaneously guide listeners' mental processes to effectively facilitate memory recall.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Memory; Social cognition; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8k14v3n8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Urvi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Suwal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Qi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "RIKEN", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paula", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rubio-Fern‡ndez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jara-Ettinger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49977/galley/37939/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49158, "title": "Speak Last and Step-by-Step: The Effect of Order and Response Mode on Evidence Evaluation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Previous research on order effects in legal decision-making has produced mixed results, possibly due to different response modes adopted in the tasks: End-of-Sequence (EoS) or Step-by-Step (SbS), which might reflect different cognitive models that fact-finders employ during evidence evaluation and integration. This paper investigates how response mode interacts with evidence order to influence judgments of the probability of guilt and verdict. In Study 1 (N = 159), no order effects were found in the EoS condition; but a recency effect emerged in the SbS condition. Study 2 (N = 95) revealed no order effect when the first set of evidence was judged SbS and the second set EoS. We also found that participants' probability of guilt judgments were generally consistent with Bayesian predictions when they responded SbS, but not when they responded EoS. We discuss potential explanations for these findings and their implications for legal decision-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zj2p06s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mengxuan", "middle_name": "Helen", "last_name": "Qiao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lagnado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49158/galley/37119/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49158/galley/38664/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50051, "title": "SpikeBERT: A Language Understanding Spiking Neural Network Learned from BERT with Knowledge Distillation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spiking neural networks (SNNs) provide a biologically inspired approach to deep learning, yet existing SNN models for language tasks remain simplistic and shallow, limiting their simulation of complex brain activity. This work investigates how deep SNNs process language, potentially advancing understanding of human language cognition. We introduce SpikeBERT, a pure SNN architecture adapted from spiking Transformers for text processing, coupled with a novel two-stage knowledge distillation method. First, SpikeBERT is pre-trained via knowledge distillation from BERT using unlabeled text. Second, task-specific fine-tuning occurs by distilling knowledge from BERT models trained on labeled data. Experiments demonstrate SpikeBERT outperforms state-of-the-art SNNs and achieves BERT-level performance on language understanding tasks with significantly lower energy consumption. The study bridges computational neuroscience and AI, offering insights into neuromorphic mechanisms of language processing. This energy-efficient framework advances SNN applications in NLP while providing a computational model to explore biological language cognition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Neuroscience; Language understanding; Machine learning; Computer-based experiment; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0c3578sj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Changze", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lv", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tianlong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NLP Lab", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaohua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "muling", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wenhao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shihan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaoqing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xuanjing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50051/galley/38013/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50169, "title": "Spontaneous small ratio production in perceptual comparison task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How does the perceptual system compare quantities in the environment? Adult participants (n=47) were asked to judge the relative similarity or dissimilarity of two line lengths or brightnesses by making a mouse click along an unmarked horizontal bar. Despite receiving no instruction or feedback regarding how the stimuli should be compared, responding was remarkably consistent across observers and between modalities. A linear model based on the ratio of the smaller to the larger magnitude accounted for 92% and 93% of variance in average responses to line lengths and brightnesses (respectively) across 28 repeated stimulus pairs. A replication using 336 randomly generated pairs showed similar results (with 90% and 91% of variance accounted for). Decades of psychophysical research have delivered mixed results with respect to the relative importance of ratios – as opposed to differences – in perceptual comparison. The current data suggest ‘small ratios' (Morton et al., 2024) are the predominant comparative function.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Perception; Sensory Processing; Vision; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dc4h21m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicola", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Morton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Canterbury", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Anna J", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Canterbury", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kemp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Canterbury", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Randolph", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Grace", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Canterbury", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50169/galley/38131/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50368, "title": "Spot the ball: Inferring Hidden Information from Human Behavioral Cues", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans often infer the state of the world by observing how others interact with it—when crossing a street, for instance, we may follow the movement of others without directly seeing the traffic. This ability to extract hidden information from human interactions with the environment is crucial for adaptive behavior. In this study, we explore how people make such inferences in Spot the Ball, a task where participants predict the location of a masked soccer ball in single-frame images. We created a large dataset by scraping YouTube videos, identifying compelling images using CLIP, and masking the soccer ball through inpainting. Our findings show that human participants rely heavily on pose and gaze cues to infer the ball's location. While providing this information improves GPT-4o's performance, it remains significantly below human accuracy. These results highlight the significance of intention inference, with potential applications in self-driving cars, assistive AI, and humanoid robotics.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Perception; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Vision; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1sz255xn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Neha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Balamurugan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cristobal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eyzaguirre", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gerstenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50368/galley/38330/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49153, "title": "Staring Down the Elevator Shaft: Postural Responses to Virtual Heights in an Indoor Environment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Postural control strategies for upright stance adapt when balance is threatened. We investigate behavioral indicators for control strategy change in Virtual Reality (VR). Previous VR research has shown increased postural sway during virtual height exposure, but most studies focus on outdoor-like environments with extensive visual cues that may influence balance. In contrast to these outdoor studies, our indoor VR results indicate that virtual height exposure increases the mean power frequency (MPF) of sway while reducing anterior-posterior (AP) sway range. We also find an anterior shift of the Center of Pressure (CoP) when there are vertical drops both on the front and back. These findings suggest a strong context-dependence of the strategy humans employ to counteract perceived threat and heightened neuromotor control for balance stabilization.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dh189jp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tahmineh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "A. Koosha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Philipps University of Marburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alap", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kshirsagar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische UniversitŠt Darmstadt", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Augustat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Philipps University of Marburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fabian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hahne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "TU Darmstadt", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dominik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "MŸhl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Philipps-University Marburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christiane", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Melzig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Marburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Frank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bremmer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Philipps University Maburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peters", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "German Research Center for AI", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dominik", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Endres", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Philipps-Universitaet, Dept. Psychology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49153/galley/37114/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49153/galley/38659/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49678, "title": "State Sensitivity in an Additive Discovery Game", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Successful innovation hinges on balancing exploring new ideas and exploiting existing ones. A rational innovator should be state-sensitive, effectively switching to exploitation when the best available idea reaches some standard. We tackle innovation with a discovery-by-recombination game under additive reward growth, and compare the optimal state-dependent policy with a state-independent policy. Our experiment reveals that participants made state-dependent decisions, exploring more in rounds with early successes, albeit being told of the same true success probability. In contrast, the optimal state-dependent policy switches to exploitation earlier. This suggests that participants' state-sensitivity may be driven by ad-hoc subjective probabilities. Participants also deviated from optimality through excessive exploration, switching multiple times between exploration and exploitation, and their switching points also differed from the theoretical optimum.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Computational Modeling; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31c2r0js", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yifan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bonan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49678/galley/37640/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49212, "title": "Statistical Word Segmentation in Unfamiliar Speech", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Statistical learning, the ability to detect patterns in sensory input, allows listeners to segment words from continuous speech by tracking transitional probabilities. While this mechanism is robust in familiar contexts, its adaptability to unfamiliar speech with distinct phonological properties remains less understood. This study investigates whether English-speaking adults can use TPs to segment an artificial language modeled on Cantonese. Participants identified words where syllables consistently occurred together (statistical words) and syllables that partially co-occurred (part-words) compared to those that never did (non-words). However, they struggled to distinguish statistical words from part-words when frequency was controlled. Pupillometry results showed participants dilated more to part-words and non-words at test, compared to frequency-controlled statistical words. Pupillary responses during familiarization also predicted test performance, demonstrating the potential of pupillometry to track learning in real time. These findings highlight the flexibility of statistical learning in adapting to novel linguistic contexts while revealing its limitations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Statistical learning; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sz0q4p8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Helen Shiyang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Werker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Black", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of British Columbia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49212/galley/37173/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49212/galley/38718/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49935, "title": "Step-by-step analogical reasoning in humans and neural networks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Both humans and large language models (LLMs) perform better on some reasoning tasks when they are encouraged to think step by step. However, it is unclear whether these performance gains are based on similar principles. In this work, we investigate two hypotheses: (1) that these benefits arise due to the presence of local statistical structure in the training data, where intermediate steps of reasoning may be common but any specific reasoning trajectory is rare, and (2) that sequential processing improves reasoning by mitigating interference. Using LLMs and transformers trained on a synthetic dataset, we show how analogical distance effects previously observed in humans and LLMs may be explained by the presence of local statistical structure. Testing both humans and LLMs on a novel word analogy task, we find that interference caused by semantic similarity can hurt performance and drives humans to engage in a sequential reasoning process. Our findings show that both locality structure and interference may be key principles underlying the benefits of step-by-step thinking.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Analogy; Reasoning; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n6366h7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Russin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joonhwa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ellie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pavlick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael J.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49935/galley/37897/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49422, "title": "STEREONET: A Network Approach for Stereotype Change", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Stereotypes change over time and across cultures, but they are hard to change in experiments. This paper proposes a solution by reconceptualizing stereotypes not as simple associations between groups and traits, but as rich networks of interconnected concepts spanning multiple domains. Building on cross-domain mapping, we used a simple question-answering task (''If X were a Y, what Y would it be?'') to create the expansive networks of 100 social groups to eight domains including animals, jobs, sports, colors, beverages, vehicles, musical instruments, and academic subjects. We found, for instance, the stereotype of women lacking agency is part of a larger network where women are associated with preferences for certain drinks such as wine, colors of pink, musical instruments of harps, or sports such as softball. We further tested whether rewiring these broader networks could change stereotypes more effectively than prior methods. Network-based interventions showed promising results for some groups (women were seen as more competent and Muslims were viewed as more friendly), but effects varied for different groups (minimal changes for criminals). This work suggests that successful stereotype change may require engaging with broader networks of subtle, seemingly unrelated associations rather than targeting individual stereotypical beliefs in isolation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Sociology; Group Behaviour; Representation; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38c4t9zw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Qiawen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lupyan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xuechunzi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Chicago", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49422/galley/37384/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50349, "title": "Stereotyping as Bayesian Inference among Black Adults in the U.S.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Do people's stereotype judgements align with what Bayes' Theorem dictates their judgements should be? Although prior work suggests they do, such research has generally been carried out with White undergraduates and minority social group stimuli (e.g., McCauley & Stitt, 1978; Solanki & Cesario, 2024). To determine whether these findings hold across diverse populations and stimuli, 870 Black American adults participated in a conceptual replication study that examined the congruence between stereotype judgements and a Bayesian criterion. Using trait and social group stimuli from prior research along with novel stimuli reflecting stereotypes about social groups such as White people and police officers, correlations between stereotype judgements and the Bayesian criterion were nearly half the size of those found in prior work (r = .34, vs. r = .64, Solanki & Cesario, 2024). An ongoing follow-up experiment designed to probe potential explanations is also discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Group Behaviour; Social cognition; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8d68c714", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kenya", "middle_name": "W", "last_name": "Mulwa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Michigan State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aymin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Triki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Michigan State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50349/galley/38311/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49404, "title": "Stimulus size influences gaze targets during free viewing of natural video", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "While modern computational models accurately predict free\nviewing scanpaths via learned deep neural networks, the in-\nvestigation of the brain's implementation of the modeled be-\nhavior has been thus far limited to primarily bottom-up vi-\nsual features. One of the key question in the investigation in\nthe early visual system's implementation of bottom-up visual\nsaliency is how (and whether) it dynamically adapts its sensi-\ntivity to features of different spatial scales. This paper provides\na simple test of whether identical stimuli presented at different\nspatial scales produce different gaze behavior. We asked sub-\njects (n=12) to freely view video stimuli twice each session\nover two sessions In one session (intervention) the visual scale\nchanged from large (25 degrees of visual angle) to small (10\ndegrees) between viewings. In the other session (control) the\nvideo size was the same. Gaze was more strongly correlated\nbetween viewings of the same video size (r=0.265) than differ-\nent sizes (r=0.231), independent of whether there was a long\n(> 24 hours) or short (< 10 min) delay between viewings, im-\nplying that memory effects are not a strong factor. Although\nlow, these within-subject correlations are higher than the cor-\nrelation of gaze between different subjects viewing identical\nvideos (r=0.195).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Neuroscience; Psychology; Perception; Sensory Processing; Vision; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6416016s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daiki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wakai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tadashi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Isa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Veale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49404/galley/37366/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50104, "title": "Stochastic Metalevel Markov Decision Processes: Proposal and Validation through Ecologically Valid Experiments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In daily life, humans selectively search for information about options to make decisions. The metalevel MDP framework, proposed to understand this information search process, has so far been evaluated only for its predictive performance regarding group differences in summary measures under unrealistic scenarios. This study examined whether metalevel MDP can explain information search processes in more realistic decision-making situations. We proposed a chatbot-based experiment that enables diverse information search actions, as well as a novel analysis method that extends metalevel MDP as a probabilistic model, allowing for the estimation of latent variables and more rigorous evaluation of statistical model fit. The experimental results showed that the model partially explains the information search process, and we discussed potential directions for model improvement.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7v43d39h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Taisei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wakai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CyberAgent, Inc.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nami", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ogawa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CyberAgent, Inc.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Asahi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hentona", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CyberAgent, Inc.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kensuke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Okada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50104/galley/38066/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49619, "title": "Stochastic search algorithms can tell us who to trust (and why)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Relying on information from other people (social testimony) is essential for efficiently learning and reasoning about the world. However, determining who to trust is often challenging. In this paper, we argue that trust in social agents (i.e., those providing testimony) can be evaluated by assessing how optimally they have acquired their knowledge. Building on theories that describe knowledge acquisition as a stochastic search through a space of hypotheses, we present a framework which yields predictions about which agents will provide better testimony (because they are more likely to have uncovered higher-probability hypotheses) in different contexts. This approach allows us to jointly predict how the quality of testimony is affected by 1) features of the agents themselves, like their expertise; 2) consensus among multiple agents; and 3) features of the topic and hypothesis space, like its knowability. We present initial simulations demonstrating how even a basic implementation of our framework yields insight into which types of agents and topics are more likely to result in accurate testimony (and why). We conclude by discussing how this preliminary research might be extended to address more complicated social reasoning scenarios.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Learning; Reasoning; Social cognition; Agent-based Modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m47r9w2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Manikya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alister", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perfors", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49619/galley/37581/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50409, "title": "Strategy selection in complex tasks through adaptive integration of learned and online metareasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When facing tasks that are difficult to solve optimally, people can construct simplifying strategies that trade off utility with cost (Ho et al., 2022, Callaway et al., 2022). How we do so is an open question, especially in domains with large, structured strategy spaces where strategy evaluation itself is costly. One proposal is that people select strategies without much online computation, by a process of (reinforcement) learning through experience (Lieder & Griffiths, 2017). We present an alternative, resource-rational metareasoning framework that integrates strategy learning with adaptively bounded amounts of online strategy evaluation. We compare these proposals using a new video game task in which players traverse a grid of moving colored tiles while respecting complex rules about valid color sequences. Players quickly discover simplifying strategies, such as \"only step on red tiles,\" and adapt when the environment changes to favor new strategies, in ways that are most consistent with adaptive metareasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Decision making; Reasoning; Representation; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8f52z7hx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tracey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gershman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50409/galley/38371/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50205, "title": "Striking the Right Chord Between Reuse and Improvisation: Melody Learning as Resource-Rational Program Induction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How do people balance the reuse of learned routines with the need to invent new solutions under cognitive limitations? Recent computational frameworks have begun to develop resource-rational approaches to program induction, with a common theme being the benefits of building a \"library\" of past solutions for creative reuse. Here, we study these mechanisms in an online experiment where participants learned real-world musical melodies. Our results reveal systematic error patterns during reconstruction and improvisation tasks, with participants repeating local patterns and displaying a behavioral bias consistent with simpler programs. To explain these findings, we developed a non-parametric Bayesian model using a hierarchical Pitman–Yor process to learn both a global library encoding domain-general primitives, and a local library capturing melody-specific motifs—both helping to constrain the hypothesis space. Our model makes testable predictions about human error distributions and adaptive behaviors that balance the trade-off between efficiency and creativity when resources are scarce.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Music; Representation; Skill acquisition and learning; Knowledge representation; Symbolic computational modeling" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xk1619f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hanqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of TŸbingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Nagy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of TŸbingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dayan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charley", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of TŸbingen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50205/galley/38167/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49814, "title": "Structural Alignment Across Visual and Linguistic Modalities: A Developmental Refinement Perspective", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigates the structural alignment of conceptual representations accessed from visual and linguistic modalities in 8-9-year-old children and adults. Using a Spatial Arrangement (SpAM) task, participants organized familiar items from two categories – household items (HHI) and vegetables & fruits (VF) – presented separately as images and written words on a two-dimensional grid. Representational dissimilarity matrices were computed based on item distances within each modality and analyzed for structural alignment across modalities. Results showed significantly lower cross-modal alignment in children compared to adults, suggesting ongoing developmental changes in the structure of conceptual representations. Additionally, cross-modal alignment was higher for VF than for HHI categories in both age groups, indicating category-specific variations in conceptual organization and its refinement. These findings provide insights into the gradual refinement of the structure of the lexical-conceptual system, extending beyond item-level lexical learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Development; Representation; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5cv4t5mf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Luan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49814/galley/37776/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49570, "title": "Structuralist Approach to AI Literary Criticism: Leveraging Greimas Semiotic Square for Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in understanding and generating text but struggle with providing professional literary criticism for works with profound thoughts and complex narratives. This paper proposes GLASS (Greimas Literary Analysis via Semiotic Square), a structured analytical framework based on Greimas Semiotic Square (GSS), to enhance LLMs' ability to conduct in-depth literary analysis. GLASS facilitates the rapid dissection of narrative structures and deep meanings in narrative works. We propose the first dataset for GSS-based literary criticism, featuring detailed analyses of 48 works. Then we propose quantitative metrics for GSS-based literary criticism using the LLM-as-a-judge paradigm. Our framework's results, compared with expert criticism across multiple works and LLMs, show high performance. Finally, we applied GLASS to 39 classic works, producing original and high-quality analyses that address existing research gaps. This research provides an AI-based tool for literary research and education, offering insights into the cognitive mechanisms underlying literary engagement.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Humanities; Art and Cognition; Cognitive Humanities; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qr8k2pc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fangzhou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yifan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zeng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yingpeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sun Yat-sen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central Queensland University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49570/galley/37532/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49691, "title": "Studying Cross-linguistic Structural Transfer in Second Language Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Adults who learn a new language often report feeling that their first language gets in the way. Systematic effects of the first language on additional languages would have straightforward implications for both theory and pedagogical practice if they could be adequately characterized. Unfortunately, this has been shown to be challenging. Languages are vast and complex, and there are a very large number of them. Thus, most studies focus on a few narrowly-defined phenomena and one or two language pairs. The potential complexity of the phenomenon and the sparsity of the observations conspire to make it difficult to establish clear patterns. We present whole- language analyses of the morphosyntax of 133,659 second- language essays spanning 273 L1-L2 pairs. We find clear, consistent effects of the L1 on the morphosyntax of the L2, independent of the L2. We find that not all aspects of morphosyn- tax are equally informative about the L1, suggesting avenues for more precisely specifying how and why L1 influences L2.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language acquisition; Learning; Natural Language Processing; Cross-linguistic analysis; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2g87d428", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zoey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wenshuo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haiyin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Hartshorne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MGH Institute of Health Professions", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49691/galley/37653/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50144, "title": "Studying Mathematical Reasoning through the Gadget Game", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Mathematicians regularly come up with multi-step solutions to difficult problems, formulating intermediate statements and subgoals, deciding which ones to attempt to prove, and judging when to start, stop, or come back to a question. What drives these and similar cognitive processes? Studying mathematical reasoning is challenging, in part because of a lack of engaging yet controlled environments in which to do so. We introduce a new game -- the Gadget Game -- for this purpose. Each level in the Gadget Game can be an encoding of a provable mathematical statement, together with hypotheses and deduction rules, that obscures the semantic content of the original problem. The resulting puzzles are enjoyable to play. We conduct a series of preliminary experiments involving a web-based crowdsourced experiment and a \"think aloud\"' deep-dive with two experienced mathematicians. We believe that the Gadget Game is a ripe domain for interesting cognitive science that engages deeply with mathematical thought.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Problem Solving; Reasoning; Representation; Case studies; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/823177z7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jonas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bayer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Loader", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Collins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frieder", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adrian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gowers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50144/galley/38106/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49289, "title": "Stumped! Learning to think outside the box in 3-7 year old children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Many theories conceptualize thinking as search through a space of hypotheses. But what if your initial space is wrong? What cognitive skills support abandoning an ineffective hypothesis space and re-construing a problem with the correct hypothesis space? We examined the development of such abilities in n=172 children ages 3-7 years using Stumper riddles, which challenge respondents to explain seemingly impossible situations. \nWe found evidence that children both learned the relevant hypothesis space for different riddle categories and generalized the cognitive strategy across riddle categories. Although older children showed greater overall accuracy, these effects of learning and meta-learning were found even for the youngest 3-5-year-olds. These results suggest a promising method for probing both flexible hypothesis search and meta-cognitive skills. We discuss ongoing plans to characterize individual differences as a way to uncover the underlying mechanisms of creative problem-solving.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Learning; Problem Solving; Reasoning; Representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jd4n5hf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Junyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Misha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Keeffe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Silvia", "middle_name": "Kancong", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of the Holy Cross", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bonawitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tomer D.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ullman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49289/galley/37250/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49862, "title": "Sublexical ARTifacts: Bottom-up Interference in a Lexical Category Search", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How listeners adapt to unfamiliar talkers and accents is a central question in psycholinguistics. In this study, we explored how listeners dynamically shift mappings from acoustic information to mental representations after hearing a new talker via novel eye-tracking methods. We tested a prediction from Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) that an anomaly in the signal (in this case, a change in talker) increases the influence of bottom-up relative to top-down information, creating an environment where sublexical competitors (e.g. 'Arch' within 'Archer') would be more likely interfere with lexical access for the target. In two experiments (Exp. 1: General American English [GA] talkers; Exp. 2: GA and Spanish-accented [SP] talkers), this prediction was supported via analyses of accuracy, latency, and gaze. In Exp. 2, we found that the effect replicated but did not differ based on the accent of the talker. The data suggest new paths forward in speech adaptation research.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language Comprehension; Speech recognition; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6124v4bw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Clapp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nora", "middle_name": "Ranck", "last_name": "Dee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Meghan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sumner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49862/galley/37824/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49286, "title": "Sub-phonemic featural dimensions mediate consonantal co-occurrence biases in a cross-linguistically consistent manner", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studies of segmental co-occurrence constraints have consistently\nproduced evidence consistent with a cross-linguistic\nanti-similarity bias for consonants (e.g. Frisch et al. (2004),\nPozdniakov & Segerer (2007), Walter (2010), Doucette et al.\n(2024)). The current study tests whether, in spite of this universal\nsimilarity avoidance bias, there are cross-linguistically\nconsistent featural harmony biases the world's lexicons. In\nparticular, we test for the presence of a nasal consonant harmony\nbias, given the fact that categorical nasal consonant harmony\nis attested in multiple language families and that nasal\nharmony is phonetically-motivated. A Bayesian negative binomial\nmodel of 91 typologically diverse languages' type frequencies\nfor two-consonant words shows evidence of a weak\nbut reliable cross-linguistic bias in favor of nasal harmony,\nas well as a comparable bias in favor of voicing harmony.\nThe findings also show patterns consistent with a similarityavoidance\nbias, most notably a strong cross-linguistic bias\nagainst coronal harmony. Taken together, these findings support\nthe notion that similarity-based co-occurrence constraints\nmay be feature dependent in cross-linguistically consistent\nways, and more generally that featural dimensions are relevant\nfor understanding the role of segmental redundancy in lexicons.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Phonology; Bayesian modeling; Corpus studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wd6d5z1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bruno", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ferenc Segedin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49286/galley/37247/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49513, "title": "Summarization Reflects Characteristics of Memory Recall", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Memory has traditionally been studied in well-controlled laboratory environments, which, while effective, do not fully capture the range of dynamics and behaviors shown in real-world contexts. To address this gap, we propose using summarization as a novel task to study memory recall in naturalistic settings. We argue that a key component of summarization is the ability to represent and retain information from the original material. Inspired by approaches in the free recall literature to analyze temporal dynamics of memory recall, such as how recall begins and transitions to subsequent items, we analyzed the temporal dynamics of summary patterns. Using three publicly available summarization datasets and a naturalistic narrative recall dataset, we found alignments between the summarization patterns and established free recall patterns, including primacy, recency, temporal contiguity, and the effect of list length. These results support that summarization involves processes of memory recall and open up opportunities to use summarization as a naturalistic task to study memory recall in the future.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Memory; Natural Language Processing; Big data; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pg9p6kc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hemali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Angne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University - New Brunswick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Snigdha Sushil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mishra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Qiong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rutgers University - New Brunswick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49513/galley/37475/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50329, "title": "Supporting Knowledge Transfer in Programming: Insights from K-12 Computer Science Teachers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Many states now provide access to computer science (CS) courses across multiple grade bands. Younger students are often introduced to block-based programming languages before transitioning to more conventional text-based languages (Kao et al., 2022). However, students often struggle to see connections between previously learned programming languages and novel ones (e.g., transitioning from block-based to text-based programming). To better understand how knowledge transfer occurs in CS classrooms, we interviewed teachers regarding the examples of knowledge transfer they observe in their classrooms, including whether and how their CS curriculum supports such knowledge transfer between programming languages. Qualitative analyses revealed emerging themes related to syntactical affordances and challenges of programming languages, whether and how teachers make direct or indirect comparisons between languages in their instruction, and the types of transfer teachers observe most frequently in their classrooms. Our findings will guide the development of curricular materials that support programming language knowledge transfer.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Education" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xd6z5j4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houchins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WestEd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kiley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McKee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WestEd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rosalind", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Owen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WestEd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elysse", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Caballero", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WestEd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Matlen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WestEd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yvonne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "WestEd", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50329/galley/38291/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50010, "title": "Surprisal and developmental sentence processing: exploring the role of language exposure through neural language models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Children's language processing differs from adults' in idiosyncratic ways. Within adult data, various incremental processing phenomena have been shown to be predicted by neural language models (LMs) using surprisal as the linking hypothesis, where processing effort is determined by a word's log inverse conditional probability. Since LMs seem without strong inductive bias for natural-language-specific structures, with their word predictions determined by training on naturalistic data, these results potentially support exposure-based theories. However, it remains unclear how well LMs explain the developmental trajectory of human language processing. Here we evaluate LMs with developmentally-realistic training data—how well they predict six established child language processing phenomena, including cases where child and adult patterns differ. Our LMs correctly predict four of the six, but fail in cases involving thematic-role and pragmatic knowledge. Our results highlight the limitations of language-exposure-based theories and call for further empirical research on human language processing patterns throughout development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Linguistics; Psychology; Development; Predictive Processing; Reading; Developmental analysis; Eye tracking; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1320083n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kuan-Jung", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland College Park", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roger", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Levy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yi Ting", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland College Park", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50010/galley/37972/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49890, "title": "Surprise isn't symmetrical: Adults' looking suggests non-perceptual considerations during dishabituation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People of all ages explore the world through looking. Recently, Raz, Cao et al. (2025) built an image-computable model (RANCH) that predicts adults' and infants' looking behavior to a large stimulus set, including graded responses to changes in pose, animacy, and number. This model succeeded despite having only a perceptual embedding space of stimuli. However, looking may be influenced by non-perceptual considerations. Using the same data, we found that adults' behaviors challenge a key assumption of perceptual-only account: since the perceptual distance between two items is symmetrical, behavior guided only by perceptual space should also be symmetrical. Yet, adults did not treat changes in different directions as mere reciprocal transformations. For instance, adults looked longer at magical appearance than disappearance. We suggest that image-computable models of looking behavior would benefit from representations of objects, in addition to perceptual features of images.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Concepts and categories; Perception; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bz2c904", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Qiong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anjie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shari", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49890/galley/37852/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50070, "title": "Susceptibility to Semantic Illusions: Attentional Consequences of Other Errors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The output of language processing is fallible and nonveridical, as illustrated by the meaning-based Moses Illusion: When asked \"how many animals of each kind did Moses bring on the Ark?,\" many people say ‘two' even when they know the biblical story is about Noah, not Moses. Susceptibility to such semantic illusions (the failure to notice the semantic error) is often attributed to people creating detailed representations emerging from top-down processing over constructing representations bottom-up from linguistic input. We present three studies exploring whether presence of a second (non-semantic) error, such as a missing word or a typo, impacts detection of a semantic error. Our results suggest that presence of a second error distracts participants from the semantic illusion. Furthermore, our results do not provide clear evidence for the claim that noticing a non-semantic error would trigger a shift to deeper processing, suggesting that shallow processing may be a cognitive default.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language Comprehension; Pragmatics; Predictive Processing" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sr8v95j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Haley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elsi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaiser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50070/galley/38032/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50256, "title": "SVM neural decoding of EEG for words and non-words across speakers, dialects, and genders", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Decades of behavioural research have shown that word recognition is an incremental process involving competition among multiple lexical candidates (Huettig et al. 2011). Recent work by McMurray et al. (2022) demonstrated that SVM-based machine learning can decode the neural spatiotemporal encoding of phonetically similar words and non-words from EEG signals, and that decoding response patterns closely mirror prototypical lexical competition effects. Here we describe two studies that (i) replicate McMurray et al. (2022) and (ii) extend this paradigm one step further, by decoding EEG responses to words and non-words across different speakers, dialects, and sexes. Additionally, we assess the decoder's sensitivity to individual differences by correlating its performance with behavioral task data. We conclude that this algorithmically simple decoder can be a powerful tool for uncovering neural psycholinguistic dynamics, but that it requires an amount of data that currently limits applications to developmental or clinical populations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Linguistics; Machine learning; Perception; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69h0h00c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Black", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Seerat", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Sidhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "McGill University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hernandez-DePaoli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50256/galley/38218/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49403, "title": "Symbolic numerical generalization through representational alignment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The mapping between nonsymbolic quantities and symbolic\nnumbers lays the foundation for mathematical development\nin children. However, the neural mechanisms underlying\nthis crucial cognitive bridge remain unclear. Here, we in-\nvestigate the computational principles governing symbolic-\nnonsymbolic integration using a biologically inspired neural\nnetwork trained through developmentally inspired stages. Our\ninvestigation reveals that generalization from nonsymbolic to\nsymbolic numerical processing emerges specifically when rep-\nresentational alignment forms between these numerical for-\nmats. Notably, this alignment appears to be stronger in cross-\nformat comparison-based mapping compared to direct-label-\nbased mapping. Furthermore, we demonstrate that subsequent\nsymbolic specialization creates a representational divergence\nthat impairs nonsymbolic performance while maintaining the\nordinal structure of the mapping. These findings highlight rep-\nresentational alignment as a fundamental mechanism in nu-\nmerical cognition and suggest that targeted cross-format com-\nparison tasks may be particularly effective in improving math-\nematical learning in children with numerical processing diffi-\nculties.\nKeywords: Emergence of number semantics, Representa-\ntional alignment, Artificial neural network", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Representation; Semantic memory; Computational Modeling; Computational neuroscience; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zz1n5nx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anthony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strock", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ruizhe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rishab", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Iyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Percy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mistry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford Unversity", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vinod", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Menon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49403/galley/37365/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50467, "title": "Synchronized development of possibility reasoning and theory-of-mind: Evidence from a cross-cultural study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Mental file theory provides a valuable framework for explaining the synchronized development of theory-of-mind (ToM) and other tasks that require taking perspectives into account. To investigate whether possibility reasoning also taps into this process, we examined its correlation with ToM in German (N=58) and Chinese preschoolers (N=47), and in Austria (ongoing replication study).\nOur results show a positive correlation between false belief reasoning and possibility reasoning in both samples. After controlling for age, the correlation survived in the Chinese sample but not the German sample. This suggests that both kinds of reasoning may depend on common processes, which emerge around age 4. Findings from a replication study will be presented to clarify the inconclusive results. We also investigated relational reasoning which showed no correlation with ToM and exhibited distinct developmental trajectories within cultures, indicating that it is shaped by culture rather than a general cognitive milestone.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Culture; Reasoning; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Cross-cultural analysis; Developmental analysis; Quantitative Behavior" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46t2t120", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huemer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Salzburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leahy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josef", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Salzburg", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charlotte", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grosse Wiesmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50467/galley/38429/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50092, "title": "Synesthetic Metaphors May Involve Conceptual Mappings", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This norming study examines the metaphoricity of 99 English crossmodal expressions called \"synesthetic metaphors\", such as sweet voice and vivid memory. American English speakers rated how metaphorical each of the synesthetic metaphors is and how easily the synesthetic meaning of the adjective can be separated from its original meaning (adjective ambiguity). The results revealed four key findings. (1) Some synesthetic metaphors were rated more metaphoric than others, and their metaphoricity was positively correlated with their adjective ambiguity. (2) Synesthetic metaphors with sensory nouns were rated as metaphorical as those with non-sensory nouns that are assumedly more metaphorical. (3) Synesthetic metaphors that combine taste and smell words were rated low in metaphoricity. (4) The emotional valence of the adjectives did not influence the metaphoricity of synesthetic metaphors. These findings suggest that, contrary to some previous proposals, some synesthetic metaphors do involve metaphorical mappings and are more than mere evaluative expressions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Semantics of language; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80p820h4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mori", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hinano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kimi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Akita", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50092/galley/38054/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49292, "title": "Syntactic Choice Is Shaped by Fine-Grained, Item-Specific Knowledge", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "There is a longstanding debate over how much idiosyncratic, item-specific knowledge is contained in our mental grammars, in addition to productive knowledge of item-general rules and constraints. A key source of evidence is ordering preferences for syntactic alternations like the dative (\"throw him an apple\" vs. \"throw an apple to him\") vary depending on which words they contain. But the quantitative extent of this variability is\npoorly understood, especially in relation to superficially similar, non-dative constructions which are not alternating (\"throw the man to the floor\" vs. \"*throw the floor the man\"). To address this, we built a large corpus of naturally-occurring sentences including either dative or superficially similar non-dative structures, and analyzed the unique contributions of productive and verb-specific knowledge in predicting argument ordering preferences", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language Production; Learning; Syntax" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jp1m61g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goodwin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Beth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Levin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Davis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49292/galley/37253/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50101, "title": "Synthetic Data Generation with Large Language Models for Improved Depression Prediction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Automatic depression detection is gaining traction at the intersection of psychology and machine learning, but concerns over data privacy and scarcity persist. We propose a pipeline using Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate synthetic data that enhances depression prediction while addressing ethical concerns. Starting from recorded clinical transcripts, our chain-of-thought prompting involves two steps: the generation of a synopsis and sentiment analysis from the original transcript, and the generation of synthetic data based on these summaries and a new depression score. The resulting synthetic data not only performs well in terms of utility and fidelity, but also balances the severity distribution in training datasets, improving prediction of depression intensity. Our method offers a practical solution to augmenting limited, sensitive data while preserving statistical integrity. This framework provides a robust framework for advancing mental health research and applications without compromising patient privacy.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Emotion Perception; Machine learning; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89605525", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Kang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jun Yu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zoe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee-Youngzie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shuhao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50101/galley/38063/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49139, "title": "Systematic Bias in Large Language Models: Discrepant Response Patterns in Binary vs. Continuous Judgment Tasks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in tasks such as psychological text analysis and decision-making in automated workflows. However, their reliability remains a concern due to potential biases inherited from their training process. In this study, we examine how different response format—binary versus continuous—may systematically influence LLMs' judgments. In a value statement judgments task and a text sentiment analysis task, we prompted LLMs to simulate human responses and tested both formats across several models, including both open-source and commercial models. Our findings revealed a consistent negative bias: LLMs were more likely to deliver \"negative\" judgments in binary formats compared to continuous ones. Control experiments further revealed that this pattern holds across both tasks. Our results highlight the importance of considering response format when applying LLMs to decision tasks, as small changes in task design can introduce systematic biases.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nb9b525", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yilong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chunhui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49139/galley/37100/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49139/galley/38645/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50310, "title": "Systemic Barriers to Indigenous Higher Education: A Comparative Analysis of the United States and Australia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Access to higher education (HE) is heralded as a pathway to social mobility and equity but remains elusive for Indigenous populations in high-income countries like the United States and Australia. Systemic racial inequities, deeply rooted in colonial histories, perpetuate barriers to HE access and attainment for Native American and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. This essay employs a comparative analysis based on statistics and Indigenous policy frameworks, using Critical Race Theory (CRT) and marketisation as analytical lenses to interrogate these challenges. It examines how \"Whiteness\" shapes educational discourses and institutional practices, reinforcing exclusion and inequality. Key disparities are analyzed, including lower enrollment, geographic isolation, socio-economic disadvantage, and financial barriers. Contrasting outcomes—declining Native American enrollment in the U.S. versus rising Indigenous completion rates in Australia—underscore the importance of community-led, equity-focused policies. The essay advocates for transformative reforms that prioritize Indigenous voices, dismantle systemic barriers, and address colonial and neoliberal legacies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Humanities; Social cognition; Comparative Analysis; Comparative Studies" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9796p914", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yingxiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bath", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50310/galley/38272/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49576, "title": "TableCritic: Refine Table Reasoning via Self-Criticism and Tool Library", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has spurred their applications to tabular data. Prior research has investigated prompt engineering and external tool integration (e.g., code interpreters) to enhance LLMs' table comprehension, yet existing approaches struggle to generalize across diverse table-based reasoning tasks due to task-specific fixed workflows. Additionally, LLMs' inherent limitations, including hallucination and unreliable reasoning, necessitate iterative refinement mechanisms for robust performance. Inspired by cognitive-inspired problem-solving strategies, where iterative reflection and tool augmentation improve decision-making, we propose TableCritic, a functionally grounded computational framework for adaptive table reasoning. Following the functional-structural model taxonomy, our framework operates at the algorithmic level, implementing a dynamic feedback loop: (1) LLM-driven self-critique evaluates intermediate outputs and (2) tool-guided error correction. This task-agnostic architecture achieves performance transparency through modular tool composition while avoiding neurobiological implementation constraints. Experiments show that TableCritic significantly improves accuracy and outperforms baselines across various table-based tasks.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Natural Language Processing; Problem Solving; Reasoning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5986p1zh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ruochun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiyue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haoqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Defense Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49576/galley/37538/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49597, "title": "Tactile Perspective-Taking: Cognitive Process of Estimating Others' Subjective Tactile Similarity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding how others perceive the tactile world is essential for human communication. Each individual has a unique and multidimensional tactile perceptual space, which makes it challenging to understand others' tactile perceptions within the spaces. This study investigates the cognitive ability and process of estimating another person's subjective similarity of various textures, a key aspect of tactile perceptual space. Participants performed tasks to estimate how a target individual would rate the similarity of tactile stimuli pairs. Results showed that participants could partially infer target's similarity ratings, and their estimated tactile similarity ratings converged toward an intermediate point between their own and the target's. The estimation process included exploration, adaptation, and overgeneralization phases. Moreover, participants' own similarity ratings shifted closer to those of the target after performing the task. These findings suggest that estimating another person's subjective similarity between textures involves incorporating elements of the target's tactile perceptual space into one's own.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Representation; Sensory Processing; Social cognition; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0q77s914", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Takumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yokosaka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49597/galley/37559/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49275, "title": "Taking others for granted: balancing personal and presentational goals in action selection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigates how individuals balance personal and presentational goals - how they want to be perceived by others - in social interactions where those are conflicting. We develop a computational model that construes presentational goals as minimising the divergence between the perceived and desired belief state of their partner. Based on the divergence between how much a person's partner trusts them versus how much they want to be trusted, we predict complex decision-making patterns that cannot arise from solely focusing on maximising a partner's utility. In accordance with our model, participants tended to forego signalling good intentions and prioritised their own goals when they perceived their partner to trust them. Participants were also less concerned about how they were perceived and acted more often in their own interest when their partner was unlikely to change their mind. We show that people are sensitive to the specific belief state of others and can dynamically adjust their decision strategy to trade off presentational and material gains.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Interactive behavior; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23d145sd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Victor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Btesh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lagnado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gerstenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49275/galley/37236/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49175, "title": "Taking the C-nic Route: Object-Directedness and Path, Not Efficiency, Shape Adults' Word Extension", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "What intuitions guide adults in extending the meanings of new words? Are these intuitions consistent with prelinguistic sensitivities operative in infancy? Across two preregistered experiments, adult participants saw simple grid-world environments in which characters moved in a \"C\" path efficiently (or not) to an object (or not). These events were labeled with a novel verb or noun. Participants were asked whether that word applied to new events varying in object-directedness, path, and efficiency. By contrast to infants' focus on efficiency, adults instead focused on object-directedness and path, and they did so similarly for both verbs and nouns. Language might thus build on universal, prelinguistic assumptions of goal-directedness and efficiency to specify what goal an agent might have (e.g., object- vs. location-directed) as well as how an agent might achieve that goal (e.g., this vs. that kind of path), ultimately restricting the hypothesis space for action understanding and supporting learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pq747b9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mohit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukherji", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Moira", "middle_name": "Rose", "last_name": "Dillon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49175/galley/37136/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49175/galley/38681/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49527, "title": "Task Resolution Time Estimation through Cognitive Load: An EEG Study of Chess Players", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Assessing attention is essential for optimizing performance. This study identifies a single-channel EEG biomarker based on cognitive load to estimate Task Resolution Time (TRT). Thirty-seven chess players were recorded with an 8-channel EEG headset while solving chess problems under two conditions: distracting noise (65 dB) and ambient noise (40 dB). Participants were grouped by chess expertise (ELO rating), and cognitive load was measured via theta (4-8 Hz) power on the C4 channel. EEG signals underwent preprocessing with a bandpass filter, Artifact Subspace Reconstruction (ASR), and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Power estimation (Welch) was normalized to a resting 30-second Eyes Open (EO) period. TRT analysis indicated shorter engagement times and slightly lower performance in novices under noise, while experts remained relatively stable, possibly due to better cognitive resilience. This biomarker could be further integrated into portable EEG systems for real-time neurofeedback in educational and workplace settings.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Problem Solving; Skill acquisition and learning; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qh4q558", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Milton", "middle_name": "O.", "last_name": "Candela-Leal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tecnologico de Monterrey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mauricio A.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ramirez-Moreno", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tecnologico de Monterrey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jorge De-J.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lozoya-Santos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tecnologico de Monterrey", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49527/galley/37489/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49757, "title": "Teasing Apart Architecture and Initial Weights as Sources of Inductive Bias in Neural Networks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Artificial neural networks can acquire many aspects of human knowledge from data, making them promising as models of human learning. But what those networks can learn depends upon their inductive biases -- the factors other than the data that influence the solutions they discover -- and the inductive biases of neural networks remain poorly understood, limiting our ability to draw conclusions about human learning from the performance of these systems. Cognitive scientists and machine learning researchers often focus on the architecture of a neural network as a source of inductive bias. In this paper we explore the impact of another source of inductive bias -- the initial weights of the network -- using meta-learning as a tool for finding initial weights that are adapted for specific problems. We evaluate four widely-used architectures -- MLPs, CNNs, LSTMs, and Transformers -- by meta-training 430 different models across three tasks requiring different biases and forms of generalization. We find that meta-learning can substantially reduce or entirely eliminate performance differences across architectures and data representations, suggesting that these factors may be less important as sources of inductive bias than is typically assumed. When differences are present, architectures and data representations that perform well without meta-learning tend to meta-train more effectively. Moreover, all architectures generalize poorly on problems that are far from their meta-training experience, underscoring the need for stronger inductive biases for robust generalization.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive architectures; Concepts and categories; Machine learning; Skill acquisition and learning; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kh8q92h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gianluca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bencomo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gupta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ioana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marinescu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "R. Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCoy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Griffiths", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49757/galley/37719/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50266, "title": "Temporal-Difference Learning in Uncertain Choice: A Reinforcement Learning-Diffusion Decision Model of Two-Stage Decision-Making", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Behavioral adaptation in probabilistic environments requires learning through trial and error. While reinforcement learning (RL) models can describe the temporal development of preferences through error-driven learning, the diffusion decision model (DDM) allow for the mapping of state preferences on single response times. We present a Bayesian hierarchical RL-DDM integrating temporal-difference (TD) learning. Our implementation incorporates variants of TD learning, including SARSA, Q-Learning, and Actor-Critic models. We tested the model with data from N = 59 participants in a two-stage decision-making task. Participants exhibited learning over time, becoming both more accurate and faster. They also reflected a difficulty effect, with faster and more accurate responses for easier choices, as reflected by greater subjective value differences between available options. Model comparison demonstrated that the RL-DDM provided a better fit compared to standalone RL or DDM models. Notably, the RL-DDM captured both the temporal dynamics of learning and the difficulty effect in decision-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Learning; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4049p79k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicola", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schneider", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Heidelberg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andreas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Voss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Heidelberg University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50266/galley/38228/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50186, "title": "Temporal dynamics of numerosity and symmetry processing in the human brain", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The number of items in a visual image is underestimated when these are symmetrically arranged compared to when they are randomly scattered in space. The neural mechanisms underlying this perceptual illusion remain unclear. In this study, adult participants viewed arrays of dots varying in numerosity and spatial arrangement while undergoing EEG recording. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) associated with numerosity were distinguishable over occipito-parietal electrodes in two distinct time windows: an early response ~80 ms post-stimulus and a later response from ~150 ms. Sensitivity to spatial arrangement (symmetrical vs random) emerged at approximately the timing of the second numerosity-related window. Representational similarity analysis confirmed that numerosity was processed independently of low-level visual features (dot size and convex hull). These findings suggest that the underestimation of numerosity in symmetrical displays may stem from later-stage perceptual grouping processes, whereby the visual system derives numerosity from segmented objects.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Vision; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bh262db", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Castaldi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Alessandro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Benedetto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Roberto", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arrighi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50186/galley/38148/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49611, "title": "Temporal proximity inferences in complex sentence comprehension: Evidence from English complement and relative clauses", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In language comprehension, mental representations of temporal relations between described situations are often construed by inference. While the basis for these inferences remains unclear, growing evidence suggests that abstract predicate properties – such as dynamicity and causal structure – play a crucial role in temporal event construal. Across two self-paced reading experiments, replicating and extending Gennari (2004), we find that temporal proximity inferences are shaped by these properties, but only for stative predicates that generally encode non-dynamic situations without causal structure: Participants consistently expected states to overlap in time, in both complement (Experiment 1) and relative clause constructions (Experiment 2). These findings indicate that temporal proximity inferences arise as a general feature of (non)-dynamicity, supporting models of language comprehension that prioritize abstract event structural properties in shaping temporal inferences.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Cognition of Time; Language Comprehension; Pragmatics; Semantics of language; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s98p5c4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marx", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eva", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wittenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49611/galley/37573/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49177, "title": "Territorial Gestalt in the Strategy of Conflicts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Human social interactions can often be modeled as mixed-motive games, where cooperation and competition coexist. Although many studies have examined how people coordinate in purely cooperative settings, less is known about how individuals navigate severe, protracted conflicts to reach mutually beneficial settlements. In this study, we introduced a long-horizon territorial conflict game in which participants competed on a two-dimensional board by dispatching troops to expand their territory. Despite repeated interactions, conflict intensity did not subside over time—contrary to findings in simpler, one-shot matrix games. However, when a payoff-irrelevant color boundary was introduced, participants used this salient perceptual cue as a focal point for dividing the territory. The presence of this \"territorial Gestalt\" shifted strategies toward defensive postures, reduced the frequency of direct battles, and enabled opponents to settle conflicts precisely along the perceptual boundary. These findings extend focal point theory by demonstrating that humans naturally import external, payoff-irrelevant concepts into conflict situations to achieve coordinated outcomes. Our results highlight the importance of perception-based territorial Gestalt in fostering cooperative resolutions to otherwise intense and enduring disputes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dx974cr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ning", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Soochow University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Siyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jifan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mowei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California - Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49177/galley/37138/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49177/galley/38683/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49605, "title": "Testing counterintuitive predictions about cost-based inferences in learning from the Rational Speech Act model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Rational Speech Act (RSA) model has been employed to explain word learning and inferences based on the costs of forms. Here, we focus on a hitherto untested and counterintuitive cost-based effect predicted by RSA: In learning a lexicon with two forms and meanings, learners should prefer an ambiguous costly form over an ambiguous cheap form. We demonstrate this prediction in an RSA model. We then measure reaction times and lexicon ratings in a novel word learning task to test whether a lexicon with an ambiguous costly form is less surprising than one with an ambiguous cheap form. We found no clear evidence for this effect in either measure. We discuss alternative explanations for documented cost-based effects, and the possibility that cost-based inferences may not occur during learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language acquisition; Pragmatics; Semantics of language; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bc6010g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ponrawee", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Prasertsom", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Culbertson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49605/galley/37567/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49988, "title": "Testing Explanations for Why Math Anxiety Predicts Poor Math Performance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Math anxiety (MA) reliably predicts poor math performance (MP). Several theoretical mechanisms have been proposed to explain this relation, and numerous interventions have been designed to mitigate it. However, it is unclear whether these hypothesized mechanisms are distinct from one another, and thus it is also unclear whether different interventions target distinct or overlapping mechanisms. We developed indices for the four leading candidate mechanisms in the literature and used a competing mediation framework to test their unique and combined explanatory capacity. Combined, they accounted for 64% of the MA-MP relation, and 3 of 4 candidates provided unique explanatory capacity. While on the whole the current literature seems to have the right of it, our results also indicate there is not a single, unifying key to unlocking the MA-MP relation, and there is unlikely to be a single ‘magic bullet' intervention. Further theoretical and practical implications are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Other" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xp3067c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lyons", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cynthia", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Fioriti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ikeda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lucas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Slipenkyj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49988/galley/37950/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50219, "title": "Testing the Aspect Hypothesis: Relating child and caregiver verb inflection across development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Aspect Hypothesis suggests children's early verb production choices to use perfect or progressive verb form (-ed vs. -ing respectively) can depend on event semantics (Shirai & Andersen 1995). Children tend to use perfective constructions with verbs denoting completion, while present constructions mostly occur with verbs denoting ongoing actions. Li and Shirai (2000) suggest that children may stray from this pattern as caregiver input changes throughout development.\n\nHowever, these changes are underexplored, and previous findings supporting the Aspect Hypothesis emerge from limited corpora. Our study used NLP on all English corpora in the CHILDES corpus to extract the main verbs from the utterances of children and caregivers. We confirmed children and caregivers' general adherence to the predicted pattern. We also found preliminary support for caregivers' shifting in their inflection of multiple verb types. Our findings support the Aspect Hypothesis and provide insight into how children come to broaden their inflections.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language acquisition; Language Production; Morphology; Corpus studies; Developmental analysis" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bq9m73n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Willits", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50219/galley/38181/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49287, "title": "Testing the Emergentist Theory of Number Perception Development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The origin of abstract concepts remains a central question in cognitive science. Empiricists argue that abstract concepts can be learned through a small set of domain-general cognitive mechanisms, whereas nativists argue that most abstract concepts are not learned at all. To explore these opposing views, we examine the abstract concept of number. Drawing on a recent \"emergentist\" proposal derived from machine learning models, we tested whether stimuli that align with experiences critical for an empiricist view of number perception result in more accurate and less variable numeric estimations. Five- to nine-year-olds were tested on stimuli that conformed to the natural statistics of objects (i.e., number was correlated with features such as cumulative area and spatial position, and the distribution of stimuli was power-law based) or those that did not comply with these statistics. We find little-to-no evidence for predictions of the emergentist theory when presenting children with natural stimuli.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Development; Learning; Perception; Vision" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c15f6d8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Miranda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Long", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Darko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Odic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49287/galley/37248/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50203, "title": "Testing the role of working memory and domain-general skills in fraction comparisons", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We tested the hypothesis that working memory may help overcome interference during fraction comparison tasks: Individuals with a higher working memory capacity should outperform those with lower capacity, especially in trials where fraction magnitudes are incongruent to their numerator and denominator components (i.e., 3/4 is greater than 5/8 although 5/8 has the larger components). Third graders (N = 84) completed a fraction comparison task with congruent trials, where the greater fraction had the larger components, and incongruent trials. We found that trial type influenced performance in fraction comparison, with higher accuracy on incongruent than congruent trials, and that this effect was not moderated by working memory, other executive functions, or relational reasoning. However, working memory was related to a fraction estimation task, suggesting a more general association with fraction competency. These findings have implications on the role of domain-general skills in understanding and learning fractions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Cognitive development" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7727n4xh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cheyenne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Paw", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moberley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Torres", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ayanna", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Medrano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miller-Cotto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50203/galley/38165/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50121, "title": "Testing the Zeigarnik effect in spontaneous memory recall during mind-wandering", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Why do certain past events resurface more often in our thoughts? This study investigates the factors influencing retrospective mind wandering, particularly concerning incomplete or unresolved experiences. We used a custom-designed game in which in-game events were systematically varied, then assessed participants' spontaneous recall of those events one week later. Results revealed that offline participants and those familiar with the experimenter were likelier to experience game-related mind-wandering. The strongest predictor of recall was the time spent engaged with the game, highlighting the importance of memory encoding strength. While individual rumination tendencies did not predict whether participants would recall the game, they did predict the frequency of such episodes among those who did. Thoughts centered on the game's protagonist over peripheral details, suggesting narrative salience. Based on these insights, we propose an initiation maintenance model of retrospective mind wandering, which integrates bottom-up and top-down processes to generate and persist spontaneous thoughts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Consciousness; Emotion; Human Factors; Experience sampling" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f85r87f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kshiteesh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bhardwaj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "IIT Kanpur", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nisheeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Srivastava", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50121/galley/38083/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50286, "title": "Text as a source of perceptual signal", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Proponents of the Symbol Grounding Problem have claimed that unimodal text-based AI systems can never develop meaningful representations of the world since they lack the capacity to perceive it. Perception is a relation between an agent and their environment which is grounded in perceptual processing. The earliest stages of perceptual processing involve receptivity to sources of perceptual signal in the environment: light waves, pressure waves, and volatile airborne chemicals are all sources of perceptual signal, insofar as agents appropriately receptive to their properties can (with further processing) perceive the world through them. I argue that (1) human-generated text carries sufficient information about the world to be a possible source of perceptual signal for appropriately receptive agents, and that (2) recent generations of Large Language Models (LLMs) are such agents. Although (1) and (2) do not entail that LLMs are perceivers, they do entail that symbol grounding is achievable without multimodality.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Philosophy; Perception; Sensory Processing; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Member Abstracts with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mh9n8jp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cameron", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Yetman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50286/galley/38248/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50145, "title": "Text Typography with Font Size Variations to Distinguish Information Importance Improves Chinese Readability", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In today's information overload era, efficiently extracting information from extensive textual content is a crucial reading challenge. This study investigates how text typography with font size variations based on information importance in Chinese influences text readability. A total of 236 undergraduate students from various universities in China were randomly selected to participate in this experiment. The experiment investigates the influence of typography on reading from three dimensions: reading objective performance, subjective evaluation, and reading attention. The study has the following findings. First, larger-sized Chinese characters are more effective at capturing reader's attention in Chinese reading. Second, text typography with font size variations to distinguish information importance based on Chinese grammar can significantly enhance the readability of Chinese. This study demonstrates that text typography with font size variations based on information importance can improve the readability of Chinese.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognition of Time; Language Comprehension; Reading; Skill acquisition and learning; Vision" } ], "section": "Abstracts with Poster Presentation (accepted as Abstracts)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pd0r2p1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chongqing Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ruimin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lyu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jiangnan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/50145/galley/38107/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49284, "title": "The Applications and Limitations of the Burstiness Metric in Investigating the Temporal Distribution of Words in Child-Centered Audio", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As the use of naturalistic speech data of children's language\nexperiences increases, the temporal dynamics of the speech\nenvironment becomes a more obvious aspect of speech to\ninvestigate. To connect the temporal dynamics in child-\ncentered speech to existing experimental work showing that the\ntemporal presentation of items has measurable effects on\nlearning, it is important to develop measures that quantify\ntemporal patterns in speech. The present work explores one\nsuch measure, the burstiness metric, and investigates word\nburstiness and its relationship with frequency, its behavior\nacross different timescales, and whether it can be used to\nquantify constructs of massed and spaced orders. Our findings\nsuggest that while related, word burstiness is not an index of\nfrequency, that burstiness varies across both words of different\nlexical classes and timescales, and that it does not appropriately\ncapture massed and spaced temporal patterns. We discuss\nimplications for how this measure may be used for child-\ncentered audio.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Development; Language acquisition; Learning; Corpus studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8398g5br", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zeynep", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marasli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Montag", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49284/galley/37245/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49295, "title": "The asymmetric effects of aging on between- and within-trial timescales of inhibition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Widespread cognitive decline in older adults has been hypothesized to stem from a fundamental deficit in inhibition, or the ability to ignore goal-irrelevant information. The extent to which inhibition operates across different timescales, however, has been under-explored. We introduce a novel cognitive task designed to assess both between- and within-trial inhibition using a common set of stimuli. Behavioral results from younger, middle-aged, and older adults (N=100; age range: 18-73) reveal significant age-related differences in between-trial inhibition, with older adults showing less efficient adaptation to rule changes compared to younger adults. Within-trial inhibition, requiring suppression of distractors within the current visual environment, appears to remain intact alongside normal aging. These findings will support the development of tools for the early detection of age-related cognitive decline, prior to subjective awareness of impaired daily functioning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Learning; Memory; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nj099cb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ethan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bardsley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utah State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cole S.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Francis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utah State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Per", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Sederberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Weichart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utah State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49295/galley/37256/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49752, "title": "The benefits of one-sided iconicity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Iconicity has recently been shown to be widespread in language and to play a particularly important role in bootstrapping new referring expressions or even getting whole new languages off the ground. The basis of this role has long been assumed to depend primarily on transparency for the receiver of the iconic signal, but might there also be producer-side advantages that play a significant role? We investigated this using an experimental referential communication game in which dyads communicated fruit and vegetables. We manipulated whether the sender could generate iconic signals and whether the receiver saw them. Results suggested that iconicity gave dyads a head-start, via stability in production, even if the receiver did not perceive the iconicity. However, this benefit declined over time, most likely due to memory constraints on the receiver.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Interactive behavior; Language Comprehension; Language Production; Semantics of language" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/30n0x30n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Petros", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaklamanis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Snider", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gareth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roberts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49752/galley/37714/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49763, "title": "The Black Stories Experiment: Two Groups are Trying to Solve a Riddle Game Behind a Screen, Only One Group Is Alive", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studying large language models (LLMs) can provide valuable insights into their strengths and limitations. This study explores problem-solving capabilities of GPT-4 by comparing the model's performance in solving Black Stories riddles, to human performance. The study utilized a set of 12 adjusted Black Stories, each tested twice within the human and GPT-4 group. The experiment was conducted through text messaging for a comparable set-up. The primary measure of performance was the number of questions and hints needed to solve the riddle. Results indicated no significant difference between the groups. Qualitative results showed that GPT-4 excelled in precise questioning and creativity but often fixated on details. Humans covered broader topics and adapted the focus quickly but struggled with uncommon details. This research suggests that despite different approaches, GPT-4's performance was comparable to that of humans, demonstrating its potential as a capable participant in these types of problem solving games.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Natural Language Processing; Problem Solving; Reasoning; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38m599bg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smid", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leiden University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nikki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rademaker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leiden University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Linthe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "van Rooij", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tessa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verhoef", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leiden University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49763/galley/37725/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49949, "title": "The causal role of counterfactuals in responsibility ascriptions to ignorant agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "It is now well-established that counterfactual reasoning takes place when people make moral judgments. Less is known about which counterfactuals lead to stronger moral judgment, especially when judging agents who unknowingly produce negative consequences. We explored the relationship between counterfactual salience and responsibility ascription in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we asked people to produce counterfactual alternatives to a vignette they read spontaneously. We manipulated whether agents who produced harm knew the relevant information beforehand and what the reasons for the possible ignorance were. The counterfactual type that people first came up with (e.g., related to external factors or agent's actions) mediated the relationship between the condition and responsibility ratings. Experiment 2 investigated the causal connection between certain counterfactual types and responsibility ascription. We show that guiding people to consider alternative perpetrator's actions leads to a higher tendency to ascribe responsibility than considering victim's actions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/174617bg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katarina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kovacevic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Kominsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francesca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bonalumi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christophe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heintz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49949/galley/37911/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49194, "title": "The Cognitive Complexity of Rule Changes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Concept change is a fundamental cognitive process that enables individuals to adapt to new and conflicting information. To investigate the mechanisms underlying such adaptations, we introduce the Counting Game, an abstract rule-based paradigm. In this article, we evaluate whether the paradigm effectively captures complexity differences between different types of manipulations. Our experiment involved counting tasks where participants had to apply rules that modify how certain objects are counted, enabling us to examine the effects of perceptual complexity, rule operations, rule interactions, temporal dependencies and scope. We analyzed accuracy and response times to assess whether these manipulations elicit desired effects. Additionally, we constructed predictive models to identify key features influencing task difficulty. By evaluating the theoretical soundness of the Counting Game, we establish an empirical foundations for future studies on forgetting operations, among other concept changes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1342p6sc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Todorovikj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Technology Chemnitz", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chemnitz University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ragni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "TU Chemnitz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49194/galley/37155/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49194/galley/38700/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49137, "title": "The cognitive science of caregiving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Caregiving is essential to human survival and flourishing, yet it has been largely overlooked across scientific disciplines, including economics, philosophy, politics, and, importantly — cognitive science. Caregiving remains poorly understood, in part, because it does not fit neatly within traditional frameworks of human cognition and behavior (Gopnik, 2023). Take, for instance, theories of morality and cooperation (Kleiman-Weiner, Saxe, & Tenenbaum, 2017; Powell, 2022). Unlike the principle of universalism, which emphasizes impartiality, caregiving involves prioritizing the needs of specific individuals over others (Gilligan, 1993). Caregiving also directly challenges the utilitarian principle of \"the greatest good for the greatest number\", since it involves actions that benefit others at significant personal cost. Furthermore, caregiving diverges from the principle of reciprocity — a cornerstone of human cooperation — because caregivers generally do not expect anything in return for their actions (Fiske, 1992).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00r08735", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Reut", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shachnai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julia", "middle_name": "Anne", "last_name": "Leonard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gopnik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California at Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kleiman-Weiner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lindsey", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Powell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCSD", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49137/galley/37098/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49137/galley/38643/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 49593, "title": "The Computational Mechanism of How Music Influences Food Choices: A Drift-Diffusion Model Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Food choices, as a type of value-based decision, are affected by environmental cues. We conducted three studies to investigate the computational mechanisms through which background music influences the food choice-making process. Hierarchical drift-diffusion modeling revealed that nature-related music led to higher drift rates than urban-related music, indicating faster evidence accumulation toward certain choices. Specifically, participants processed the value of vegetable-forward meals more efficiently when exposed to nature-related music compared to urban-related music. Moreover, the effect of music on the drift rate varied with the vividness of music-induced mental imagery and the perceived identity of performers (human or robot). Collectively, these findings reveal the computational mechanisms underlying the influence of environmental cues on value-based decision-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Music; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51g237s1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Linbo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaoang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-01-02T02:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/49593/galley/37555/download/" } ] } ] }