Article List
API Endpoint for journals.
GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=4000
{ "count": 39503, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=4100", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=3900", "results": [ { "pk": 65573, "title": "AI Robots in Elderly Care: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Concerns", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite the advances in Artificial Intelligence technology, its application in elderly care still presents many challenges and limitations, particularly compared to human caregivers. This synthesis reviewed empirical articles that examined the role of AI robots in elderly care, focusing on their potential benefits and drawbacks. It revealed that AI robots are not capable of replacing human caregivers due to high costs, technical limitations, and the need for human cooperation. Additionally, the study warns that using AI robots may pose potential safety, privacy, and ethical risks, including data security issues, privacy breaches, and negative effects from the incorrect use of the technologies. This paper argues that AI robots can significantly enhance elderly care by providing consistent support and reducing caregiver burden, yet they cannot replace the essential human elements of caregiving. The findings emphasize the need for ethical and legal standards in the deployment of AI robots in elderly care, to ensure that the quality of life for the elderly is improved with these advanced technologies, rather than diminishes.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence" }, { "word": "Robots" }, { "word": "Caregiver" }, { "word": "Elderly" }, { "word": "Caregiving Technology" } ], "section": "Public Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4fd0925v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Johnny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "He", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-07T00:35:20+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-07T00:35:20+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65573/galley/50202/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65577, "title": "A Literature Review on the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance and its Impact", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The widespread use of antibiotics has revolutionized modern medicine, helping to fight against countless bacterial infections, significantly reducing mortality rates, and preventing the further spread of bacterial diseases. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have come with a significant downside: they have allowed bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance, posing a major challenge to public health and the effective treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria evolve and adapt to withstand the effects of the antibiotics designed to kill them. This phenomenon poses a great threat to global health, complicating the treatment of patients and increasing the risk of severe illnesses, death, and disease spread. Bacteria have evolved to develop antibiotic resistance through various mechanisms, including genetic mutations and the process of horizontal gene transfer. Additionally, other non-genetic factors such as ecological contexts and interspecies interactions, play a crucial role in the evolution and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The effects of antibiotic resistance worldwide result in prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates. In this review, I explore the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, how it has evolved, and its impact on society, while emphasizing the importance of developing new strategies to combat this growing threat.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Antibiotic Resistance" }, { "word": "Horizontal Gene Transfer" }, { "word": "Conjugation" }, { "word": "Mutation" } ], "section": "Natural Sciences", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13p2v9x2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mariam", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Doss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-07T23:02:45+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-07T23:02:45+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65577/galley/50206/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65578, "title": "Classification of Hallucinations in Large Language Models Using a Novel Weighted Metric", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As Large Language Models (LLMs) find increasing use in important fields such as healthcare, finance, and law, ensuring their accuracy and reliability is critical. One significant challenge is the occurrence of “hallucinations,” where these models produce nonsensical or incorrect information. This paper introduces a new framework designed to identify and categorize hallucinations in the outputs of LLMs, particularly in safety-sensitive applications. We present a detailed system that classifies hallucinations into four categories: Factual Errors, Speculative Responses, Logical Fallacies, and Improbable Scenarios. Our methodology employs a scoring system that combines metrics to offer a clearer picture of the model performance. Using the TruthfulQA dataset, and the Falcon 7B model, we analyze different types of hallucinations and their potential to compromise decision making in safety critical domains. By focusing on clarity and accuracy, this framework aims to improve the safety and reliability of LLMs in high stakes situations and sets the stage for more effective validation methods in artificial intelligence.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Large Language Models (LLMs)" }, { "word": "Artificial Intelligence" }, { "word": "Hallucinations" }, { "word": "Evaluation" } ], "section": "Computer Science and Engineering", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4w0620r1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Saaketh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raghava", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-07T23:06:58+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-07T23:06:58+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65578/galley/50207/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65570, "title": "Exploring Pesticide Effects On Hematopoiesis and the Thymus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Hematopoiesis in the bone marrow (BM) produces red blood cells, platelets, or various white blood cells. Common lymphocyte progenitors in the BM can migrate to the thymus to form T lymphocytes, a type of immune cell. In some cases, bone marrow failure (BMF) arises from impairments in hematopoiesis and results in the inability to produce necessary blood cells. California’s Central Valley has a high exposure to pesticides due to agriculture. Past research shows correlations between leukemia and high pesticide exposure, but surprisingly, there has been little published research regarding the direct effects of pesticides on BMF. This study aims to use mouse models to aid our understanding of the molecular effects of two pesticides, abamectin and pyraclostrobin, on hematopoiesis. In previous studies, abamectin led to weight loss while pyraclostrobin led to weight gain. We hypothesize that changes in the BM due to pesticide exposure may result in lower numbers of T lymphocytes. We exposed 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice to pyraclostrobin or abamectin for 14 days via intraperitoneal injections and monitored their health with routine weighing and complete blood cell analysis using a Hemavetcell counter. After 14 days, we collected BM and spleen cells for flow cytometric analysis on a ZE5 Cell Analyzer and the thymus for histology. We expect to see a decrease in T lymphocytesin the periphery and impairments in the thymus structure.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Hematopoiesis" }, { "word": "Pesticide Effects" }, { "word": "Thymus" }, { "word": "Pyraclostrobin" }, { "word": "Abamectin" } ], "section": "Research Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5c43k31j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jada Mari", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Young", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "O.", "last_name": "Manilay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-06T23:57:11+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-06T23:57:11+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65570/galley/50199/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65581, "title": "Letter from the Editors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Letter from the URJ editorial team introducing Volume 17, Issue 1, First, Further, Forward: Challenge the Now. The letter includes excerpts from the editorial team: Yu Fang Tseng, Mitchell Bauer, Micah Angela Lardizabal, Kaisy Reynoso, Jose Mondragon, Genesis Iniguez-Espinoza, Analee Munoz Luna, Zachary Gatto, and Susan Varnot", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Staff", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rp0215m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Le", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-12T00:47:29+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-12T00:47:29+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65581/galley/50210/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65569, "title": "Modeling Infectious Disease Spread: Comparison of the Agent-Based-Modeling and Differential-Equation Approaches", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In epidemiology, the SIR model is commonly used to describe the population dynamics ofinfectious diseases. It divides the population into three categories: Susceptible, Infected, and Recovered. We consider two approaches to describe its population dynamics. In the Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) approach, we solve a set of differential equations that describe the rate of change of the fraction of each category. In the Agent-Based Model (ABM), we keep track of the state of each person and its position in a two-dimensional lattice. The ODE model has two model parameters, the infection strength b and the recovery rate k, whereas the ABM has three model parameters describing the diffusion, infection, and recovery rates. Our research aims to compare the two approaches and to establish a relationship between the ODE and ABM parameters. To find the optimal values of the b and k parameters that give matching results to the ABM simulation results, we employ two methods. In the first method, we determine the optimal b and k values by minimizing the differences between the curves generated by the ODE and ABM approaches. In the second method, we use an established relation between the end-state ratio of uninfected people and the contact number b/k. Our results show that these two estimation methods give consistent results and explain the fast-diffusion limit situation.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Agent-Based-Modeling" }, { "word": "Ordinary Differential Equation" }, { "word": "Infectious Disease Spread" }, { "word": "Population-Level Prediction, Individual-Based Simulation" } ], "section": "Research Posters", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/534309f9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "EunSang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Park", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Changho", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-06T23:54:20+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-06T23:54:20+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65569/galley/50198/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65572, "title": "Modern Times & Modern Tastes: How Contemporary Film and Its History Impacts the Development of American Consumers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The medium of film has a larger impact on the world than many realize. The messages they project onto audiences have a multitude of consequences. The research begins with an exploration of what makes a film a film and eventually arrives upon its agreed definition. Different genres of film often hold different sets of meaning, and the stories presented have the potential to mirror real-world sentiment in relation to massive world events, such as wars. This research dives into the implications of these films, and how the things they display can change a society. These movies demonstrate the capability of socializing audiences, teaching them learned behavior and stigmas against various groups of people, such as the sexually inexperienced, or individuals within the LGBTQ+ community. In addition to the films themselves, this research takes a look at the actors that promote and work in these movies, deducing whether or not their presence held significant economic returns, and if their influence is truly that powerful. Research found that while actors themselves did not lead to the guaranteed monetary success of a film,there was a correlation between the popularity of the actor and the paycheck they received. The paper also includes an analysis of modern films and the highly tailored fictional worlds they sell to viewers. The research concludes with a synthesis of all these topics, demonstrating the importance of an educated consumer, one that understands the capitalistic enterprise that is the modern film industry.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Films" }, { "word": "Social Development" }, { "word": "Genre" }, { "word": "Modern Popular Movies" }, { "word": "Audience Reception" } ], "section": "Humanities and Arts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1cx2s08b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Serrano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-07T00:22:34+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-07T00:22:34+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65572/galley/50201/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65580, "title": "Standard & Poor’s 500 Index: A Trading Forecasting Analysis through Generative Artificial Intelligence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In November 2022, the world of artificial intelligence, programming, and efficiency changed forever, as OpenAI created the first-ever publicly accessible large language generative chatbot: Generative Pre-trained Transformed (GPT)-3.5 (Open AI, 2022). The bot passed several Advanced Placement course exams, which are tests high school students can take to obtain college credit. It passed graduate-level exams such as the GRE, and even the BAR exam required to become a professional lawyer (Open AI, 2023). With all of GPT’s success, the specific issue with OpenAI’s model, GPT-3.5, is that it cannot access the internet or fetch real-time data (OpenAI, 2022). The challenge we undertook was to use the GPT chatbot to create a stock-prediction trading algorithm, guiding the model to provide a conclusive output, and limiting our influence on the model—outside of errors—as much as possible. From November 2 to November 17 of 2023, we manually compared GPT’s predictions to the actual results of ten stocks within a trading day (6:30 AM PST – 1:00 PM PST). It has been widely concluded in the past that GPT models are unable to make daily stock predictions accurately. Past researchers suggest, “It is too soon to claim AI can beat the stock markets” (Mokhtari, 2021) as they perform better in the long-term, which is why we are testing their short-term and long-term capabilities. From the tests we ran to evaluate GPT’s capabilities, we conclude there is great value in incorporating artificial intelligence into current trading models. However, generative AI models like GPT cannot be solely relied upon for accurate predictions. Models built with AI can help advise full-time stock traders, casual investors, and large trading firms about the effectiveness of AI models in their technical analysis before investing in a stock.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence" }, { "word": "Stock Prediction" }, { "word": "GPT (Generative Pre-Trained Model)" }, { "word": "Quantitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Computer Science and Engineering", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5wd3d8kk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adhya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vagish", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aditya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-11T22:27:53+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-11T22:27:53+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65580/galley/50209/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65576, "title": "Testing the Moderating Effect of Burnout on the Relationship Between Anxiety and Sleep Quality", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Several studies strongly indicate a connection between the quality of sleep and students' learning abilities and academic success. Thus, understanding the factors that disrupt one’s sleep quality is important. One potent factor that can disrupt sleep is mental health, particularly anxiety. Although anxiety is a natural process that tries to keep a person safe by alerting them to potential dangers, this has a downside by increasing psychological and physiological arousal that can disrupt how well one sleeps. Previous research has found strong correlations between sleep quality and anxiety; however, some people may be more vulnerable than others to the negative association of anxiety and sleep. Notably, those experiencing burnout may be psychologically depleted from their workplaces and have fewer resources to cope with anxious states. Therefore, this study will investigate how anxiety predicts sleep quality (Research Question 1), and how anxiety and burnout both relate to each other in their relationship to affect sleep quality (Research Question 2). Online surveys were completed by non-faculty employees (n = 140) from the University of California, Merced participants. These measures included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Bergen Burnout Inventory. The results show a significant increase in poorer sleep quality as anxiety levels increased while the impact of burnout on this relationship was not significant enough. However, the results also indicated that a trend of sleep quality decreased as burnout increased, in the population with medium and high anxiety.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Anxiety" }, { "word": "Sleep Quality" }, { "word": "Burnout" } ], "section": "Social Sciences", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fs9x32t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dylan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-07T01:01:48+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-07T01:01:48+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65576/galley/50205/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65568, "title": "Thru-Reflector-Wall (TRW) Solar Cooker Kitchens", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Joel H. Goodman is a retired assistant professor of architecture at the University of Minnesota who, motivated to bridge the gap between sustainable living and underdeveloped communities, began developing various solar cooker designs. To bring forth Goodman’s vision, we were tasked with designing a solar cooker to be permanently integrated into a building and able to direct variable sun rays towards the cooking surface with its funnel-like shape. The cooker provides a sustainable alternative to traditional cooking methods such as wood and coal burning, which remain prevalent in underdeveloped regions despite their harmful environmental and health impacts. Solar cookers, like other clean cooking technologies, have the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, mitigate deforestation, and improve public health by reducing indoor air pollution. Furthermore, access to clean cooking methods reduces the time and effort required for fuel collection, which can increase societal productivity and lower mortality rates, particularly among women and children. The integration of solar cookers into architectural designs represents a sustainable solution that not only enhances the well-being of communities but also supports global climate change mitigation efforts by reducing reliance on nonrenewable energy sources.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clay Ceramic" }, { "word": "Environmental Emission" }, { "word": "Clean Cooking" }, { "word": "Sustainability" }, { "word": "Manufacturing" }, { "word": "Heat Transfer" }, { "word": "Solar Concentrator" } ], "section": "Computer Science and Engineering", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01v3p9fp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ukamaka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ezimora", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ruth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Agorrilla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "Christian", "last_name": "Abrenic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Santiago", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garcia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-06T23:10:22+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-06T23:10:22+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65568/galley/50197/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65575, "title": "Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment for Depression", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This literature review provides research that looks at the treatment of depressive symptoms with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Depression affects many people directly by presenting symptoms that can become debilitating. Between 30% and 50% of people with depression encounter resistances to treatment, meaning their symptoms do not show improvement (Shanoket al., 2023). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an alternative treatment for depressionthat shows resistance to traditional medications and therapies. TMS utilizes magnetic fields to affect functions in the brain that can change the way people feel. Some researchers suggest that it could also be more widely used, even if patients are not showing signs of treatment resistance. Advancements in this field are possible, and TMS shows signs of further improving upon itself.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Depression" }, { "word": "Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation" }, { "word": "Major Depressive Disorder" }, { "word": "Treatment Resistant Depression" } ], "section": "Social Sciences", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1b98x4x4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Collin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stopforth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-07T00:57:08+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-07T00:57:08+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65575/galley/50204/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65579, "title": "Understanding Convicting and Sentencing Decision Biases: A Review of Psychological Perspectives on Judicial Decision-Making", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This literature review aims to summarize the body of research on convicting and sentencing decision bias with a focus on the jury box. Disparities in the criminal justice system have long been recorded to largely impact individuals of color by influencing convictions, the length of sentencing, and the probability of probation as opposed to time served when compared to White individuals. The increasing volume of incarcerated minorities calls for an understanding of the judicial system to combat the implications. Studies show how Afrocentric features, trustworthiness of faces, and depiction of ethnicity and race can lead to longer sentences by highlighting cognitive shortcomings and the use of methods in the criminal justice system. With the inclusion of interventions, the influence that is shown on both implicit and explicit levels can be found to be harmful and due for advancement. By exploring cognitive and social mechanisms alongside the systematic drives of the criminal justice system, factors and sources of bias are identified to provide a review of the need for improvement on the impartiality and equity of convicting and sentencing decisions.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Decision Making" }, { "word": "Bias" }, { "word": "Racial Disparities" }, { "word": "Sentencing" }, { "word": "Criminal Justice" } ], "section": "Social Sciences", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kv2c03p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Quiroz-Cruz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-11T22:27:44+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-11T22:27:44+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-13T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65579/galley/50208/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61634, "title": "China, the Environment, & the Global Green Finance Transition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Although once seen as irrelevant to environmental protection, financial regulation has become a critical component of global climate change responses, as recognized by the Paris Agreement. In addition, climate change and related environmental risks, such as threats to biodiversity and natural resources, are now recognized as potentially financially material to companies, investors, and entire economies, as well as to sustainable development. For these reasons, China has joined the many other governments and international organizations worldwide who are actively engaged in promoting regulatory reforms and voluntary initiatives to advance a green finance transition.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4z61j5cf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Virginia", "middle_name": "Harper", "last_name": "Ho", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-13T00:23:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61634/galley/47565/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61633, "title": "China's Green Cooperation in the Energy Sector: Overview and Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This short paper analyzes China’s new green energy cooperation. Its main aim is to describe the scope, characteristics, and key themes of energy cooperation programming. To do so, I draw upon a systematic review of China’s energy cooperation activities in Global South countries (building upon work in Harlan and Lu, 2022) and participant observation in three cooperation programs – two in 2023, and one in 2018. The findings reveal a diverse set of motivations of Chinese actors and organizations that are delivering cooperation activities, but also a shared focus on promoting China’s technocratic expertise and innovation in green energy. I then argue that, rather than view China’s energy cooperation efforts as “greenwashing,” a more effective response is to see them as openings for engagement and collaboration in advancing Global South sustainability transitions.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hg388cp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harlan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-13T00:21:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61633/galley/47564/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61632, "title": "China's Environmental NGO Going Global: A Journey of Challenges", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>While Chinese environmental NGOs have made progress in internationalization, they also face various challenges. China’s increasingly important role in global production, consumption, trade, and investment underscores the importance of its NGOs in global environmental governance and sustainable development. Moreover, there is a growing demand from both domestic and international stakeholders for Chinese NGOs to engage in global dialogue and foster collaborative efforts. </p>\n<p>As a China-based non-governmental and non-profit environmental organization focusing on environmental and developmental issues, the Global Environmental Institute (GEI) has prioritized promoting harmonious development of investment, trade, and environment since its inception. Since 2007, GEI has conducted research, implemented demonstration projects, advocated for the Chinese government to formulate policies on overseas investment, enhanced environmental governance capacity in host countries, and provided recommendations for the environmental and social work of Chinese investment enterprises abroad. However, the journey has been marked by challenges including a lack of supportive policy framework, limited funding channels, and a shortage of institutional capacity and professionals.</p>\n<p>In response, this article proposes suggestions such as reformulating an overall strategy, planning, and incentive policy, encouraging multiple sources of funding, and developing an international environmental volunteer action plan. By addressing these challenges and promoting cooperation, Chinese environmental NGOs can play an even greater role in global environmental governance and contribute to global sustainable development.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/58v4j6nk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-13T00:18:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61632/galley/47563/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61631, "title": "China's Enforcement of International Environmental Agreements: The Case of the Montreal Protocol", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article starts by overviewing China’s implementation and enforcement framework for the Montreal Protocol. It then examines the incident of the unexpected CFC-11 emissions, including the discovery of illegal production, the ensuing debate at the Montreal Protocol, and China’s domestic and international responses. The next section traces subsequent reforms at the Montreal Protocol and China’s involvement in emerging unexpected emissions. The concluding section evaluates China’s efforts in enforcement capacity building and ongoing challenges it faces.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bt7c18b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shiming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-13T00:15:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61631/galley/47562/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61630, "title": "\"From 'Closing Down the Deep-Bore Wells' to <em>The Wandering Earth</em>: A Re-Examination of Environmental Governance Legitimacy in China\"", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The article critically examines the role of environmental law in China’s state-capitalist system from a structural Marxist perspective. The author argues that the Chinese environmental regulatory regime, often perceived as arbitrary and chaotic, is not a mere byproduct of a developing legal system but a deliberate strategy to legitimize state authority and control. Through case studies on integrated water resources management and the prevention of husbandry waste pollution, the article illustrates how environmental laws serve as both Repressive State Apparatuses (RSA) and Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA), enforcing social control and shaping public consciousness. The state’s top-down enforcement methods, reliance on technocratic solutions, and manipulation of legal and moral ideologies are shown to maintain and obscure the relations of production, reinforcing the state capitalist model of accumulation. The article also explores how China’s cultural products like the film, <em>The Wandering </em><em>Earth</em>, normalize authoritarian state authority in global environmental governance. The analysis concludes that to fully understand China’s environmental governance, one must view it through the lens of state-capitalist accumulation, recognizing the role of environmental law in maintaining authoritarian state-society relations and shaping the broader political-economic landscape.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gs8p339", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "KuoRay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-13T00:09:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61630/galley/47561/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61626, "title": "The Development of Environmental Law in China: From the Holistic Perspective", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article outlines the three stages of the development of China’s environmental law. It emphasizes the current stage, which is characterized by the holistic perspective rooted in traditional Chinese philosophy and integrated with the theory of sustainable development. It examines the evolution of China’s environmental legislation, administration, and judiciary within this framework. This article argues that China’s environmental legislation has transitioned from fragmentation to systematization; administrative enforcement departments have optimized functions through institutional and mechanism reforms; and the specialization of the environmental judiciary and the application of environmental restorative justice principles in the adjudication of environmental cases have effectively improved both the efficiency and quality of case judgments.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3hp7x4g2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Qin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tianbao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Liang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T23:47:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61626/galley/47556/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61625, "title": "Front Matter", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Front Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16s5577n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Editors", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Editors", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T23:43:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61625/galley/48060/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61624, "title": "<em>Introduction</em>: Symposium: China & the Environment – Taking Stock of Domestic and Global Developments in Law & Governance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Over the last two decades, China has undergone an extraordinary transformation in environmental law and governance that remains insufficiently understood in the outside world. In April 2024, the UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal and the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the<br>Environment at UCLA School of Law held a symposium on <em>China & the Environment – Taking Stock of Domestic and Global Developments in Law & Governance</em>. Leading Chinese environmental law scholars, Chinese civil society actors, and international scholars gathered to shed light on cutting edge developments.2 As part of the symposium, UCLA Law also organized a public talk on <em>Chinese Environmental Civil Society</em> to explore the continuing role of environmental non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Chinese environmental protection.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mz549cr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T23:42:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61624/galley/47554/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61624/galley/47554/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61623, "title": "Taaloga Faitupe: Gambling in American Samoa", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This Article provides the first detailed description of gambling in American Samoa. In addition to being one of just five inhabited U.S. territories, American Samoa is one of only four U.S. jurisdictions that bans all forms of commercial gambling. As such, it offers a rare opportunity to examine gambling in an anti-gambling society. The fact that American Samoa is located thousands of miles from the U.S. mainland; relies heavily on customs that are quite foreign to most Americans; lacks any sort of system for reporting judicial decisions despite having courts that are precedent-based; and permits charitable gaming (even though it has become a cover for large-scale gambling operators) makes studying the territory even more valuable.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w89x321", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Jarvis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T23:19:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61623/galley/47551/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61622, "title": "Colony in the Crosshairs: A Reevaluation of the High Court of American Samoa's Decision in <em>Craddick v. Territorial Registrar</em> in Light of Subsequent Federal Decisions in <em>Wabol v. Villacrusis</em> and <em>Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. Harvard</em>", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article analyzes the High Court of American Samoa’s 1980<br>ruling in <em>Craddick v. Territorial Registrar</em> and compares the decision’s<br>reasoning with preceding cases that had also evaluated the constitutionality<br>of racial restrictions under the equal protection guarantees of the<br>Fifth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment. The article then compares<br>the legal analysis used by the High Court in <em>Craddick</em> with the legal<br>analysis used by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in <em>Wabol v. Villacrusis</em>,<br>a case that was based on similar facts and had a similar outcome to<br><em>Craddick</em>, but which relied on a different and completely incompatible<br>analysis of the Constitution’s equal protection guarantees. Finally, this<br>article compares the legal analysis in <em>Craddick</em> with the Supreme Court’s<br>recent decision in <em>Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. Harvard</em> and concludes<br>that if a challenge to Craddick were to make it into a federal court<br>today, the Supreme Court’s analysis in <em>Harvard</em> would require that <em>Craddick</em><br>be overturned.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45v486wk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dante", "middle_name": "C.H.", "last_name": "Harootunian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T23:17:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61622/galley/47550/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61621, "title": "The World Tax Order and Taiwan: An Appraisal", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>As many people are currently discussing an important reform of international tax rules1 and the tensions surrounding Taiwan, it is worthwhile to consider the tax aspect of Taiwan’s relationship with the world. Legal rules govern both Taiwan’s outbound investment and inbound investment in Taiwan. Even the People’s Republic of China (P.R.C., <em>zhonghua renmin gonghe guo</em>, or 中華人民共和國) receives Taiwan’s outbound investment, and Taiwan receives inbound investment from the P.R.C. At a time when tit-for-tat politics catches almost all the attention, a less well-known aspect of international law demonstrates both a<br>cause for optimism and a problem. Taiwan has its own legal rules, and Taiwan has bilateral treaties or agreements with its friends. However, when there are multilateral efforts to face the challenges of an important issue, Taiwan has often been left out. This article discusses Taiwan’s engagement with the world tax order.</p>\n<p>Part I sets out Taiwan’s legal rules regarding income tax. Part II discusses Taiwan’s thirty-five bilateral treaties or agreements with its friends. Part III introduces the P.R.C. tax law and the U.S. tax law for cross-border activities that implicate Taiwan. Part IV discusses some major multilateral efforts to reform the international tax system, and the creativity that may be required for Taiwan to be included. Overall, this article discusses Taiwan’s engagement with the world tax order.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8f27b0sg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T23:07:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61621/galley/47549/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61620, "title": "The Evolution of Abortion Rights in Taiwan: Toward Rights-Based Framing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article endeavors to make three distinct contributions. <em>First</em>, this article focuses specifically on the perspective of Taiwan. The meanings of abortion vary in deferring cultural systems, and the norms vary significantly between countries. Nonetheless, in Taiwan, most scholars have a tendency to scrutinize and denounce domestic law through the lens of Western law, overlooking the disparities in the social and cultural foundations on which these two ledgal systems are built. To prevent replication of the previous research pattern of viewing Taiwan through a Western perspective, the legal system must be reexamined by taking into account Taiwan's social and cultural backgrounds. Therefore, this article chooses to focus on the locality of Taiwan. Second, this article wishes to present Taiwan’s experience and ongoing approach to addressing abortion issues as a model for other nations in the international community. Due to statehood disputes, Taiwan has not been featured or discussed in any international reports or documents pertaining to the legal framework of abortion, rendering it a crucial missing piece in the worldwide<br>jigsaw puzzle of abortion laws. This article strives to remedy this gap by sharing Taiwan’s experience and progress in this field. Finally, Taiwan’s uniqueness lies in its foundation of Confucian culture as a social norm, while also embracing a strong emphasis on freedom and human rights. Through the development of the concept of abortion rights by the Taiwanese government and society and the context of discourse surrounding it, Taiwan showcases the feasibility of integrating Eastern traditional values with Western contemporary liberalism, allowing for coexistence and harmony.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bd8166q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Suzy", "middle_name": "Szu-Yu", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "", "country": "Taiwan" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T22:59:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61620/galley/47548/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61619, "title": "Front Matter", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Front Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jw1918j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Editors", "middle_name": "Editors", "last_name": "", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "", "country": "United States" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T22:52:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61619/galley/47546/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61619/galley/47546/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21220, "title": "A Case Report of Obstructive Shock from an Esophageal Bolus Leading to Left Atrial Compression", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Obstructive shock results from reduced cardiac output due to physical blockage of blood flow, such as cardiac tamponade. Cardiac tamponade compresses cardiac chambers, particularly the left atrium, causing decreased end-diastolic volume and cardiac output. Rapid fluid accumulation within the pericardial sac is the usual cause. Transesophageal echocardiography provides clearer visualization of these structures than transthoracic ultrasound. This case underlines the impact of esophageal pathology on cardiac output and highlights ultrasound’s dynamic diagnostic utility alongside computed tomography. </p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>A 64-year-old female with a history of colon cancer and peritoneal metastases status post colostomy presented with altered mental status and urinary symptoms. Laboratory evaluation was notable for leukopenia, hypoglycemia, elevated ammonia, and an abnormal urinalysis that was positive for urinary tract infection. She was initially admitted to the internal medicine service for sepsis secondary to urine as the source of infection. During her hospital stay, she developed hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, and complained of chest pressure. Point-of-care echocardiogram revealed compression of the left atrium by distended gastric and esophageal contents. A nasogastric tube was placed and suctioned partially digested food and liquid with improvement of her condition. Follow-up ultrasound showed improvement of compression and cardiac function. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In evaluation of acute shock, multiple etiologies must be considered. In this case, the cause of reduced cardiac output was direct compression of the left atrium from an adjacent structure. Even with direct visualization and imaging, immediate history and patient-centered approach are still useful to complete the clinical picture and treat the reversible cause of undifferentiated shock.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Left atrial compression" }, { "word": "Esophageal mass" }, { "word": "Extracardiac compression" }, { "word": "Obstructive shock" }, { "word": "case report" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jq4r5n2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sharmin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kalam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sergio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marquez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emmelyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tammy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dinh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-21T00:00:10.772000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-04T01:06:47.367000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-12T17:06:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/21220/galley/31528/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38264, "title": "The Integration Of Two Disparate Processes: Punctuated Equilibria Characterize Urbanization Over Time, While Kondratieff Long Waves Characterize Long Term Economic Change", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In 1972 Eldridge and Gould proposed a model of episodic change characterizing the process of speciation. Since that initial publication, significant evidence has accumulated in support of their proposal. It is the position of this paper that a similar pattern, although with very different underlying mechanisms, exists for the process of world system urbanization, and it will be shown that periods of rapid change in the rates of world-system urbanization punctuate periods of stasis. Further, it will be inferred that these periods of punctuation are the result of tipping points being exceeded during the previous periods of stasis. A preliminary math model of this process is presented which shows that the interaction of world system population, carrying capacity, and level of technology are capable of producing such punctuated patterns. These results suggest that this macropattern of urbanization in which stasis alternates with punctuation provides a context in which to consider other world system processes. Chief among those processes are Kondratieff cycles, cycles that have particular pertinence over the last several centuries. These cycles may act as potential ratchets in which the world-system is pushed toward some threshold, i.e. the aforementioned tipping points, that, when crossed, will result in a rapid improvement in the access to energy resources. This improved access to energy resources will among other things result in increased world-system urbanization.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "Punctuated equilibrium" }, { "word": "Stasis" }, { "word": "urbanization" }, { "word": "Long waves" }, { "word": "Entropy content" }, { "word": "self-organization" }, { "word": "Hypercycle" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zs1n0fn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Antony", "middle_name": "J. D.", "last_name": "Harper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Benedictine University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2018-08-23T18:40:38+02:00", "date_accepted": "2018-08-23T18:40:38+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-12T11:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38264/galley/36821/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38264/galley/36821/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 61635, "title": "<em>Introduction</em>: Symposium: China & the Environment – Taking Stock of Domestic and Global Developments in Law & Governance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Over the last two decades, China has undergone an extraordinary transformation in environmental law and governance that remains insufficiently understood in the outside world. In April 2024, the UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal and the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at UCLA School of Law held a symposium on <em>China & the Environment – Taking Stock of Domestic and Global Developments in Law & Governance</em>. Leading Chinese environmental law scholars, Chinese civil society actors, and international scholars gathered to shed light on cutting edge developments.2 As part of the symposium, UCLA Law also organized a public talk on <em>Chinese Environmental Civil Society</em> to explore the continuing role of environmental non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Chinese environmental protection.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6896n131", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-12T00:46:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclalaw_pblj/article/61635/galley/47566/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21172, "title": "Emergence of Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infection in an Infant: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Group A streptococcus (GAS) manifests as a spectrum of illnesses, ranging from mild to life-threatening. While relatively rare in infants, GAS infections can present with grave consequences. </p>\n<p><strong>Case Report:</strong> An eight-month-old infant was found to have GAS bacteremia complicated by sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation, resulting in lower extremity myositis and tissue ischemia. Tissue ischemia progressed to dry gangrene requiring below-knee amputation followed by six weeks of antibiotics. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case serves as a reminder of the critical importance of vigilance, prompt recognition, and aggressive intervention in the management of invasive GAS infections in infants.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Group A Streptococcus" }, { "word": "Streptococcus pyogenes" }, { "word": "osteomyelitis" }, { "word": "sepsis" }, { "word": "pediatrics" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zq1p1gp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Roach", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Emergency Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kwong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Emergency Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sylvester", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Emergency Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-09T07:32:56.236000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-06T13:53:03.288000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-06T18:30:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/21172/galley/31527/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21138, "title": "Superficial Dorsal Vein Thrombosis of the Penis and Pulmonary Embolism in a 15-year-old Boy: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Penile pain in children and adolescents is an uncommon presenting symptom in the emergency department (ED). The differential diagnosis includes trauma, priapism, urethral stone, infection, Mondor disease, Peyronie disease, and thrombosis. </p>\n<p><strong>Case Report:</strong> A 15-year-old male with a high-risk, B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia and recent pegaspargase administration presented to the ED with new-onset penile pain. After the administration of opioid analgesics, he developed hypoxia prompting an urgent computed tomography pulmonary angiogram that revealed bilateral segmental acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Ultrasound of the penis revealed findings consistent with superficial dorsal vein thrombosis of the penis. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an adolescent with superficial dorsal vein thrombosis of the penis and a coexisting PE. Doppler ultrasound can provide a prompt assessment of penile induration and differentiate venous thrombosis from other causes.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "pulmonary embolism" }, { "word": "Penile pain" }, { "word": "Thrombosis" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "case report" }, { "word": "penile pian" }, { "word": "priapism" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2b7752w6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Homme", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-02T18:17:53.608000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-29T17:23:33.199000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-06T17:47:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/21138/galley/31532/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46250, "title": "Use of Intraoperative Chest Xray in Removal of All Appropriate Breast Tissue During Mastectomy for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "clinical-vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61z870tp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Senofsky", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Namita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shyam", "name_suffix": "BS", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-05T22:13:36+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/46250/galley/34981/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47236, "title": "A Tick-borne Relapsing Fever Treated with Empiric Doxycycline", "subtitle": null, "abstract": null, "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96q1261p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aronin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Frank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-05T20:53:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/47236/galley/35628/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/47236/galley/35628/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46249, "title": "Rapid Recurrence of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) after Lumpectomy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "clinical-vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xf042tn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Senofsky", "name_suffix": "MD, FACS", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Nimit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sudan", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-12-05T19:18:48+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/46249/galley/34980/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 65567, "title": "Nerves and Spines: A Textual Analysis of the Significance of Nopal in the Florentine Codex", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The nopal, or prickly pear cactus, is a common cactus native to Mexico and the American Southwest. This cactus holds great cultural significance to the people of Mexico and is featured on the Mexican flag as an homage to the story of how Tenochtitlan, in today’s Mexico City, became the capital of the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs, one of several indigenous Nahua groups of Central Mexico, have a rich tradition of oral and glyphic history, recorded in documents often referred to as codices. The Florentine Codex, a series of 12 books, meticulously documents the lives of the Nahua people and is written by Nahua authors and Spanish translators. By analyzing the textual and visual representations of the nopal in these books, I seek to understand the many roles that this essential plant played in the lives of the indigenous Nahua prior to and during Spanish colonization. By looking at the nopal’s role as food, medicine, cultural and geographical symbol, and host for the parasitic and prized cochineal, I seek to foster greater understanding of the nopal’s significance to the ancient Nahua people, and how their descendants have carried some of this knowledge into the modern world.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "nopal" }, { "word": "Nahua" }, { "word": "Florentine Codex" }, { "word": "indigenous" }, { "word": "translations" } ], "section": "Humanities and Arts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tz0j9tw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Isaac", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burge", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-04T23:51:36+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-04T23:51:36+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-04T09:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucm_mwp_ucmurj/article/65567/galley/50196/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1308, "title": "Still Bad Indians", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This essay on Deborah A. Miranda’s <em>Bad Indians: A Tribal Memoir</em>, is a meditation on the significance of California Indian women’s stories of survival and resistance. I take inspiration from a few sections of <em>Bad Indians </em>in order to tell other California Indian stories. I respond to questions Miranda poses in her text with speculative narratives of history, stories about bears and salmon, and an old family story that leaves me with no easy way to feel. I argue that stories reassert California Indians’ presence on our homelands in spite of the ceaseless efforts of the state to remove us. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f41q415", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lumsden", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-04-12T21:22:40.673000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-02-09T01:00:42.226000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T22:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1308/galley/30175/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40095, "title": "Table of Contents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Front Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bf4509d", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2024-12-02T16:18:40.814000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-02T16:27:33.811000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:48:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/40095/galley/30188/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40094, "title": "Front Matter", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Front Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4d8597v8", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2024-12-02T16:17:07.931000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-12-02T16:27:04.177000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:47:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/40094/galley/30187/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/40094/galley/30187/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34855, "title": "Fragments of Truth: Residential Schools and the Challenge of Reconciliation in Canada ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/33w1p0js", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jewel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cummins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Arizona", "department": "American Indian Studies" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-23T03:08:09.614000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:17:07.649000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:46:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34855/galley/30193/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34852, "title": "The Spaces in Between: Indigenous Sovereignty within the Canadian State ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82n0f62t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flaherty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Merrimack College", "department": "Political Science and Public Policy" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-22T17:55:18.882000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:18:28.809000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:45:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34852/galley/30196/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34846, "title": "Earthworks Rising: Mound Building in Native Literature and Arts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wt857wm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Caldwell", "name_suffix": "Jr.", "institution": "University of Buffalo", "department": "Indigenous Studies" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-20T22:20:18.142000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:17:36.713000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:43:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "Final PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34846/galley/30516/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34849, "title": "Pachamama Politics: Campesino Water Defenders and the Anti-Mining Movement in Andean Ecuador", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/268108h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cassiday", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northern Illinois University", "department": "Political Science" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-22T15:19:09.888000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:17:54.076000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:43:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34849/galley/30195/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34841, "title": "Urban Homelands: Writing the Native City from Oklahoma", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xg0n4k2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steve", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Amerman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southern Connecticut State University", "department": "History" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-19T21:32:01.197000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:19:06.995000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:42:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34841/galley/30198/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34840, "title": "(At) Wrist", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5gt9f71s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jackson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "Native American Studies" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-19T18:16:34.201000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:16:11.500000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:40:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34840/galley/30189/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34839, "title": "Under Prairie Skies: The Plants and Peoples of the Northern Plains", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1hc0c5tf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Natasha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Myhal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ohio State University", "department": "School of Environment and Natural Resources" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-19T16:16:05.583000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:18:48.039000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:40:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34839/galley/30197/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34827, "title": "The Community-Based PhD: Complexities and Triumphs of Conducting CBPR", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47j4h0s9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Deondre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smiles", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Victoria", "department": "Department of Geography" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-16T21:12:15.710000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-26T21:18:13.537000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:38:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34827/galley/30190/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34822, "title": "In Defense of Sovereignty: Protecting the Oneida Nation's Inherent Right to Self-Determination", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nj5g6qq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carmi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-16T15:43:29.807000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-16T17:00:45.039000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:37:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34822/galley/30194/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 34820, "title": "Enduring Critical Poses: The Legacy and Life of Anishinaabe Literature and Letters", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Review", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1t77t3bs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yifei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jing", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "Department of English" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-16T03:51:43.488000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-16T17:00:14.942000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:35:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/34820/galley/30192/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1669, "title": "A Story for Another World: Entering the Bad Indian Pluriverse", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Deborah A. Miranda’s experimental meditation <em>Bad Indians: A Tribal Memoir</em>, first published in 2012, is a carefully woven narrative collage of the intergenerational trauma of genocide that conjures forth a time and space beyond the settler fiction of California where Indigenous peoples heal and regenerate worlds. I argue that Miranda’s Bad Indians is a queer Indigenous feminist poetic against the grammar of genocide. Bad Indian poetics are a way of being and moving beyond settler fictions towards the possibility of other worlds. The Bad Indian is both a queer relation creating non-heteropatriarchal genealogies and an articulation of Indigenous felt theory that exceeds the legibility of the human and Western affect and ways of knowing. The pedagogy of Miranda’s Bad Indian is significantly more expansive than simply a counter-narrative to settler origin fantasies, public landmark histories, or problematic grade school curriculums - it is a way of learning, feeling, and knowing to navigate, heal, and regenerate from colonialism. The Bad Indian creates the poetry of bringing otherwise worlds into being, lives in non-linear sacred time and intergenerational memory, and feels differently, queerly Indigenous. The Bad Indian as poetic and pedagogy emerges from non-federally recognized tribal descendant experiences, queering methodologies for Indigenous regeneration that defy ways we have internalized colonial borders and definitions of Indigeneity and opens space for stories that do not conform to even the mainstream narratives of Indian Country itself. This essay works through that methodology: using a mosaic of graphics, stories, and archival fragments; to demonstrate how Bad Indians allows us to create knowledge and critique differently and abolish the false borders between the critical and creative. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2073m7dq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amrah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Salomón", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-13T23:42:51.203000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-06T20:48:54.998000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:34:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1669/galley/30186/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1660, "title": "Still Bad Indians: Archives, Violence, Story, and the Return of California Indian Studies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This introduction describes the context of the event the special issue reflects, the turn/return of California Indian studies that <em>Bad Indians</em> incites, the themes of the issue, and the contributions of the authors.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08m388m2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Minch-de Leon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-08T01:37:04.828000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-18T19:46:29.950000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:33:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1660/galley/30185/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1659, "title": "Q and A with Bad Indians on “The Belles of San Luis Rey”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The only way California Indians can move beyond destructive narratives is to share retellings of the past that center our ancestors and who we are as a people. In <em>Bad Indians</em>, Esselen scholar and poet Deborah Miranda discusses C. C. Pierce’s famous 1893 photograph “Ancient Belles of San Luis Rey” and asks a series of questions about the three elderly Luiseño women pictured. Following <em>Bad Indians</em>’ call for California Indians to share our stories, this piece answers Miranda’s questions, acknowledging the challenges that exist in giving voice to silenced histories, and offers a Luiseño-centered reconstruction of the photographed women’s lives.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2v38x4bk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Olivia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chilcote", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-07T21:14:22.726000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-18T19:44:55.411000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:32:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1659/galley/30184/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1653, "title": "Reflections on Bad Indians and Archives", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This essay explores Deborah Miranda's use of archival sources for her book Bad Indians. In it, I address three points: the varied sources Miranda uses, how Miranda uses what Saidiya Hartman call critical fabulation to work with these materials, and how her work shows us that we should always use an \"always assumed\" approach to absences in the archive, we should always assume the presence of indigenous people even when the colonial archive omits these presences.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/37k02606", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Bauer", "name_suffix": "Jr.", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-02T19:16:11.815000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-12-21T23:23:26.293000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:31:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1653/galley/30183/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1390, "title": "Ka Pichahna ‘Akkala (My Research Story)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>In the chapter “To Make Story Again in the World,” Deborah Miranda speaks to the ways our California Indian stories \"aren’t easy, they are fractured” (p. 193). In <em>Bad Indians</em>, Miranda shares ways “to make them whole,” an extremely demanding task, one which is contemporary California Indian scholarship. We are directed to a “multilayered web of community reaching back in time and forward in dream, questing deeply into the country of unknown memory” (p. 194); to “look at more than one interpretation simultaneously, … at both the blessing and the genocide” (p. 196); to search out stories that still exist “like underground rivers” that run alive and are singing nonetheless, and call us back (p. 203); and to listen deeply to our bodies, which “like compasses, still know the way” (p. 208). Taking cues from Miranda, this “experiential story” (Archibald, 2008, p. 85) honors this author’s ontological lens and tribal epistemology as a Coast Miwok and Southern Pomo person. The piece integrates koya-’aklanna (paintings/art), storytelling, and Native languages, as the author is “culturally ready” (Kovach, 2021) at this moment. This story is part of a curriculum about the ethics of locating one’s positionality in a context of colonial amnesia, cultural genocide, and linguicide at a predominately White institution. The intention of this publication is to respectfully share story as living relationship in the discourse on Indigenous methodology and culturally sustaining approaches to research and pedagogy. This research story, as a multilayering of koya-’aklanna1 (paintings/art), dreams, embodied knowing, and Native languages, is a quest to be in relation with many relationships simultaneously; to make whole. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00v1m2qt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Napoli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-05-20T19:49:12.597000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-12-21T23:16:45.891000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:29:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1390/galley/30181/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1652, "title": "stories, surviving, and what a poem can do? in Deborah Miranda’s Bad Indians", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This essay reads the poetry in Deborah Miranda's <em>Bad Indians </em>as a form of re-storying, a way of retelling stories and reclaiming the historical memory of those stories without abandoning their subjectivities, and without falling into the constraint of rules of determine stories must have a particular ‘structure’; must be ‘accurate and unchanged’; and must always, retellings, represent some sense of ‘truth’. This essay opens with and is primarily composed of close readings of three poems, which include: \"Los Pájaros,\" \"Lies My Ancestors Told for Me,\" and \"Ishi at Large.” The decision to structure the essay in this manner is meant to underscore how poetry provides the historical and cultural lens for understanding California Indians history, and for recognizing how California Indian ways of being impact how we read poetry simultaneously. In doing so, this essay illustrates how Miranda's writing refuses to settle with making counter-narratives to colonial logics but is further entwined with the difficult task of bringing certain omissions, clues, lies, shards, into the light and reaffirming their relationality to one another.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2p49f2jq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jackson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-02T19:06:36.742000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-12-21T23:18:39.993000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:29:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1652/galley/30182/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1315, "title": "Surfing the Tsunami", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This is the keynote delivered by Deborah Miranda at the CISSA symposium. Beginning with a set of questions she has received since writing Bad Indians: A Tribal Memoir, Miranda reflects on the life of the book as well as the material circumstances of its writing through the image of a tsunami. Thinking about the damage, the survivors and debris, and the lasting effects of histories of catastrophe and violence, Miranda asserts that Bad Indians is a reflection on how to ride the tsunami. It is a book of transformation, of trying to catch the wave of change in all its difficulty. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sk4j8pp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Deborah", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Miranda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-04-13T02:24:14.434000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-12-21T23:14:51.045000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:28:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1315/galley/30180/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1311, "title": "An Esselen (Re)Creation Story", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This is an excerpt from the play <em>Iya: The Ex'celen Remember</em>. It retells the Esselen creation story.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5581n0nq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Luis", "middle_name": "xago", "last_name": "Juárez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Louise", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Miranda Ramirez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-04-12T22:59:01.782000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-19T00:04:14.047000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:26:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1311/galley/30178/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1312, "title": "Bad Indians: A Reflection by a Grieving Esselen Woman", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This is a reflection on grief and Miranda's <em>Bad Indians. </em>It includes a poem written to welcome Maori visitors to California.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8z3173s1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-04-13T00:24:52.191000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-12-21T23:04:35.933000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:26:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1312/galley/30179/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1310, "title": "Ularia's Curse", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This is an excerpted section from Deborah Miranda's <em>Bad Indians: A Tribal Memoir. </em>It retells a story told by Isabel Meadows about an Esselen woman who, in complicity with a river, cursed the white man who stole her people's land and removed them.<em> </em></p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27j8w4wh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Deborah", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Miranda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-04-12T22:52:59.348000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-12-21T22:34:23.735000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:24:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1310/galley/30177/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1309, "title": "“The Archive Is Ours\": Rethinking Possession of the Historical Record", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article is based on the “California Indian Studies and the Archive” panel from the Bad Indians Symposium which celebrated the 10th anniversary of Deborah Miranda’s <em>Bad Indians</em>. After a decade, Miranda’s engagement with the archive is still palpable and inspired a panel of three historians to discuss how California Indian scholars navigate the archive. Especially as these are often repositories that were not created by Native people or with them in mind. Nonetheless, Native people have made the archive their own. This article argues for a California Indian methodology to interrogate, learn from and disrupt the archive. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9v34r50n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Caitlin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Keliiaa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-04-12T21:26:24.269000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-18T19:39:29.467000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T21:23:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/aicrj/article/1309/galley/30176/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35548, "title": "Postcholecystectomy Syndrome due to Prominent Remnant of the Cystic Duct and Choledocholithiasis: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Postcholecystectomy syndrome is a group of common upper abdominal symptoms manifesting in patients who have undergone cholecystectomy. These symptoms may mimic some or all of the symptoms the patient had prior to cholecystectomy. The symptoms may be due to biliary or nonbiliary conditions. Patients may present with the syndrome during the early postoperative period or in the months to years after the surgery. We report a case of postcholecystectomy syndrome that appeared fifteen months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with residual choledocholithiasis and a prominent remnant of the cystic duct with low, medial insertion. We also discuss the causes of postcholecystectomy syndrome and some algorithmic approaches to imaging workup on patients with the syndrome.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "cholecystectomy" }, { "word": "postcholecystectomy syndrome" }, { "word": "cystic duct anatomy" }, { "word": "cystic duct remnant" } ], "section": "Case Report", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ct4r74g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Archana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sachedina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County-Harbor-UCLA Medical Center", "department": "Department of Radiology" }, { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles County-Harbor-UCLA Medical Center", "department": "Department of Radiology" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-07-13T01:07:37+02:00", "date_accepted": "2022-07-13T01:07:37+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T07:05:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucla_rsp/article/35548/galley/30173/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucla_rsp/article/35548/galley/30173/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35556, "title": "Smoking-Related Interstitial Lung Disease: CT Image-Based Review and Update", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States. Beyond the risks of cardiovascular disease and several cancers, smoking contributes to lung inflammation, lung destruction, and smoking-related interstitial lung diseases (SRILD). SRILD describes a broad range of conditions that includes respiratory bronchiolitis, respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema, interstitial lung abnormality, and smoking-related interstitial fibrosis.</p>\n<p>Computed tomography (CT) is central to the diagnosis and understanding of clinicopathologic manifestations of smoking-related lung injury. Common features of SRILD on CT include low-attenuation areas, ground-glass opacities, fibrosis, and lung nodules. Although the various SRILDs are often described as distinct entities, they may manifest with nonspecific features or exhibit mixed patterns and may more accurately be described as a continuum of pathology. Understanding the broad range of radiologic features and recognizing the potential coexistence and overlap of disease processes is essential to maintaining an appropriate differential diagnosis. In this article, we review the radiologic findings associated with SRILDs with a focus on diagnostic considerations and challenges when interpreting CT images.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Smoking-related interstitial lung disease" }, { "word": "interstitial lung disease" }, { "word": "emphysema" }, { "word": "computed tomography" } ], "section": "Review Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2np382sv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Justin", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Sun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "Department of Radiological Sciences" }, { "first_name": "Cameron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hassani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "Department of Radiological Sciences" }, { "first_name": "Aalok", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "Department of Radiological Sciences" }, { "first_name": "Denise", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Aberle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "Department of Radiological Sciences" }, { "first_name": "Ashley", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Prosper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "Department of Radiological Sciences" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-28T23:39:50+02:00", "date_accepted": "2023-09-28T23:39:50+02:00", "date_published": "2024-12-01T07:05:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucla_rsp/article/35556/galley/30172/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38371, "title": "Quantifying Trade from Renaissance Merchant Letters", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Medieval and Early-Modern business correspondence between European companies constitutes a rich source of economic, business, and trade information in that the writ- ing of letters was the very instrument through which merchants ordered and organized the shipments of goods, and performed financial operations. While a comprehensive analysis of such material enables scholars to re-construct the supply chains and sales of various goods, as well as identify the trading networks in the Europe, much of the archival sources have not undergone any systematic and quantitative analysis. In this paper we develop a new holistic and quantitative approach for analysing the entire outgoing, and so far unexploited, correspondence of a major Renaissance merchant- bank - the Saminiati & Guasconi company of Florence - for the first years of its activity. After digitization of the letters, we employ an AI-based HTR model on the Transkribus platform and perform an automated-text analysis over the HTR-model’s output. For each letter (6,376 epistles) this results in the identification of the ad- dressee (446 merchants), their place of residence (65 towns), and the traded goods (27 main goods). The approach developed arguably provides a best-practice methodology for the quantitative treatment of medieval and early-modern merchant letters and the use of the derived historical text as data.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Economic History" }, { "word": "Text Analysis" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/39z0m162", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fabio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gatti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bern", "department": "of Economics" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-25T15:30:55+02:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-31T23:31:56.789000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-30T22:43:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38371/galley/36770/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cliodynamics/article/38371/galley/36770/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43243, "title": "Dislocation, Modernism, and the Materiality of Exile", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The history of modernism changes when viewed not only as a transformative exchange across various borders including geographic ones but also as the transculturation of methodologies and ways of doing and making. Art historian Robin Schuldenfrei turns to the objects to tell this new history, reflecting on the conditions of exile that created lacunae but also opened up new material possibilities and launched new practices in architecture, art, and design.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "modernism" }, { "word": "Art History" }, { "word": "Bauhaus" }, { "word": "avant-garde architecture" }, { "word": "exile" }, { "word": "material practices" }, { "word": "Werkbund" }, { "word": "Transnational American Studies" } ], "section": "Forward", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/719435jm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schuldenfrei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Courtauld", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-30T01:08:01+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-30T01:08:01+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-30T01:24:15+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43243/galley/32216/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43242, "title": "Excerpt from Coca-Cola, Black Panthers, Phantom Jets: Israel in the American Orbit, 1967–1973", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "During a period conventionally viewed as an expansion of American soft power aided by the rise of global capitalism, historian Oz Frankel reevaluates the US influence on Israeli society through the lens of transcultural exchange, tracing the adoption and reshaping of the Black Panther movement in Israeli society, where it was embraced not only by the Left but also by reactionary voices, ultimately underscoring that it was not so much or not only Israelis who became americanized but also American culture and politics that came into the orbit of Israeli-American transculturation.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Black Panthers" }, { "word": "Black Power in Israel" }, { "word": "Mizrahi" }, { "word": "transculturation" }, { "word": "Israeli-American transatlantic exchange" }, { "word": "Transnational American Studies" } ], "section": "Forward", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7k8877d0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Oz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frankel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The New School of Social Research", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-30T00:17:43+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-30T00:17:43+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-30T00:37:28+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jtas/article/43242/galley/32215/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40043, "title": "CPC-EM Full-Text Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "CPC-EM Full-Text Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/690894nf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saucedo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alyson", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-27T21:57:19.522000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-27T22:00:19.812000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T18:05:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/40043/galley/30139/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35279, "title": "The role of prosodic phrasing in silent reading", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<div title=\"Page 1\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Prosodic phrasing plays a crucial role in sentence comprehension because it helps listeners resolve structural ambiguities. However, explicit prosody is not available in reading. According to the Implicit Prosody Hypothesis, readers are assumed to assign default prosody to sentences, which then guides parsing decisions (Fodor, 2002a, 2002b). This study tested this hypothesis by manipulating the lexical accent of phrases, which affects the prosodic phrasing of sentences in Japanese. The results of a self-paced silent reading experiment showed faster reading times for the structure that matched the prosodic phrasing than the structure that did not. This finding suggests that readers implicitly represent a prosodic structure that plays a functional role in syntactic processing.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Brief Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nw5828p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Risa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Murakami", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tokyo Metropolitan University", "department": "Department of Language Sciences" }, { "first_name": "Masataka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tokyo Metropolitan University", "department": "Department of Language Sciences" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-09-05T09:37:54.901000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-05T15:29:12.615000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:15:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/35279/galley/30063/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/35279/galley/30063/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/35279/galley/30064/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 3855, "title": "Structural Priming and the Placement of Focus-Sensitive Particles", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The German focus-sensitive particle auch (‘too’) can associate with different constituents (ACs) in an utterance. In terms of position, it can precede or follow its AC. There is a strong preference for using preceding auch when the AC is the object. In three sentence fragment arrangement tasks, we investigated whether speakers are structurally primed by the context. To that end, we used context sentences as part of short dialogues with different particles: nur (‘only’), kein(e)(‘no’), both of which precede their AC, and nicht (‘not’), which follows its AC. The results show that the established preference for preceding auch is affected by the position of the particle in the context (following auch occurred more often when the context contained following nicht). Follow-up experiments rule out an explanation based on intonation (Experiment 2) or on the underlying syntactic structure (Experiment 3). We found clear surface structural priming effects for function words with effect sizes similar to those found in studies of structural priming for content words. Furthermore, the findings for sentences used in isolation can be extended to sentences that are part of short dialogues.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x11z7zf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reimer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Muenster", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bettina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Braun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Konstanz, Germany", "department": "", "country": "Germany" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dimroth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-10-23T18:56:35.104000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-13T22:52:55.142000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:13:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/3855/galley/29907/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/3855/galley/29907/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/3855/galley/29908/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 20942, "title": "Beirut Port Blast: Use of Electronic Health Record System During a Mass Casualty Event", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Emergency departments (ED) play a central role in defining the effectiveness and quality of the overall hospital’s mass casualty incident (MCI) response. The use of electronic health records (EHR) in hospital settings has been rapidly growing globally. There is, however, a paucity of literature on the use and performance of EHR during MCIs.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study we aimed to describe EHR use, as well as the challenges and lessons learnt in response to the 2020 explosion in the Port of Beirut, Lebanon, during which the hospital received over 360 casualties.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Information technology support, reducing EHR system restrictions, cross-function training, focus on registration and patient identification, patient flow and tracking, mobility and bedside access, and alternate sites of care are all important areas to focus on during emergency/disaster response planning.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Innovative solutions that help address logistical challenges for different aspects of the disaster response are needed.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Disaster Response; Emergency Preparedness Plan; Mass Casualty Incidents; Electronic Medical Records" }, { "word": "Electronic Health Records" }, { "word": "disaster response" }, { "word": "Emergency Preparedness Plan" }, { "word": "Mass Casualty Incidents" }, { "word": "Electronic Medical Records" } ], "section": "Disaster Medicine/ Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vw5q8pg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eveline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hitti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hadid", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon; McMaster University, Health Policy PhD Program, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Hamilton, Canada", "department": "Health Policy PhD Program, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact" }, { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saliba", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Zouhair", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sadek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Rima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jabbour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Rula", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antoun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Mazen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "El Sayed", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "American University of Beirut, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-04-29T09:22:37.065000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-06T10:14:13.839000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20942/galley/30138/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20942/galley/29912/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20942/galley/30138/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24874, "title": "Characteristics and Outcomes of Implementing Emergency Department-based Intensive Care Units: A Scoping Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prolonged stay of critically ill patients in the emergency department (ED) may lead to worse clinical outcomes. An emergency department (ED)-based intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the proposed solutions to deliver critical care in the ED. We thus aimed to characterize existent ED-ICU models and their reported association with clinical outcomes in critically ill adult patients.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the Ovid MEDLINE database from inception to October 2, 2023. We included studies that report an ED-ICU structure, defined as a space capable of providing ICU-level care within or adjacent to the ED, and its characteristics. We excluded personnel-focused intervention (without the presence of a separated space) or a space without ICU-level care capability. We collected information on process measures, patient-related outcomes, and cost-related outcomes.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>We screened 2,824 studies, of which 125 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 31 studies were included in this scoping review. Studies reported on 14 ED-ICUs across seven countries, with capacities ranging from 3–17 beds. All ED-ICUs served early and ongoing critical care needs in the ED, including three distinct themes: short-stay; palliative care; and disaster-response ICUs. Implementing the ED-ICU was associated with decreased time to ICU-level care and reduced number of inpatient ICU admissions, but it was not consistently associated with improved survival.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Several ED-ICUs have been established around the world with different characteristics depending on local needs. Implementation of the ED-ICU may be associated with improved clinical outcomes and patient flow.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "intensive care unit" }, { "word": "Critical care" }, { "word": "Emergency department-based intensive care unit" }, { "word": "emergency department crowding" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1t3887sw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jutamas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saoraya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Academic Affairs, Bangkok, Thailand; Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; University of Toronto, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Liran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shechtman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paweenuch", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bootjeamjai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chulalongkorn University, Department of Anesthesiology, Bangkok, Thailand", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Khrongwong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Musikatavorn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Federico", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Angriman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Canada", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-06-17T20:14:14.182000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-04T21:51:43.994000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24874/galley/30136/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24874/galley/29909/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24874/galley/30136/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 19466, "title": "#emergencymedicine: A TikTok Content Analysis of Emergency Medicine-related Content", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Background:</strong> TikTok has rapidly become one of the most extensively downloaded and used social media platforms worldwide. Our focus on emergency medicine (EM)-related content on TikTok is to identify what specific video characteristics result in higher degrees of audience engagement, defined in this study as a total of video likes, comments, and shares.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Five second-year medical students using newly created TikTok accounts independently downloaded the first 100 videos to appear using the hashtag #emergencymedicine. The videos were reviewed for 52 variables. We performed a multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationship between the variables and video engagement.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the examined videos, 45.8% (222/484) were produced by physicians (MD or DO). Approximately half, 50.0% (242/484), had an educational component, while 55.4% (268/484) of videos were judged to have an entertainment component. Preliminary findings indicate that among TikTok videos featuring #emergencymedicine, a statistically significant positive correlation exists between video engagement and the presence of a healthcare identifier, (ie, individuals wearing white coats or scrubs). No significant correlation was observed between video engagement and video creators’ self-identification as a healthcare professional, use of entertainment, or use of education. A notable negative correlation was identified between video engagement and the inclusion of music.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified qualities associated with negative and positive correlation with video engagement. For the 100 videos, only healthcare attire, such as wearing a white coat or scrubs, showed a significant positive correlation with engagement, while those with background music showed a negative correlation. Our study offers insight into how EM professionals can effectively use characteristics associated with higher engagement rates to relay information to a wider audience on TikTok.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "#emergencymedicine" }, { "word": "TikTok" }, { "word": "Engagement" } ], "section": "Patient Communication", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8km9g3c4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Madison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stolly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wilt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gembreska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mohamad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nawras", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kelly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rhonda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hercher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "Emergency Department" }, { "first_name": "Mohamad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moussa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio", "department": "Emergency Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-02-20T16:23:15.154000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-03T01:47:29.448000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19466/galley/30133/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19466/galley/28648/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19466/galley/30133/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35286, "title": "Hyperkalemia or Not? A Diagnostic Pitfall in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hyperkalemia, a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance, is commonly encountered in the Emergency Department (ED). However, the frequency of factitious hyperkalemia, an artificially elevated potassium level in hyperkalemic ED patients, is unknown. This study aims to detect the rate of factitious hyperkalemia among patients with a potassium concentration of ≥5.0 mmol/l in an all-comer ED population.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, monocentric chart review analyzed data of 2,440 ED patients who presented with a potassium concentration of ≥5.0 mmol/L in their initial whole blood or plasma sample, who also underwent a repeat potassium measurement on the same day. Two groups were established based on potassium levels in the initial and repeat blood tests: 1) True hyperkalemia, characterized by consistently elevated potassium levels in both the initial and repeat samples; and 2) Factitious hyperkalemia, defined by an elevated initial potassium level while the repeat blood test showed a normal potassium level. A subset of factitious hyperkalemia was spurious hyperkalemia. In spurious hyperkalemia, the initial blood sample showed an elevated potassium level with evidence of hemolysis, but a repeat test revealed a normal potassium level without evidence of hemolysis.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,440 patients, 1,576 (65%) had true hyperkalemia and 864 (35%) factitious hyperkalemia. Among the 864 patients with factitious hyperkalemia, 597 (69%) displayed hemolysis in their initial blood sample, indicating spurious hyperkalemia due to in-vitro hemolysis.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data show that about one third of all hyperkalemic blood samples drawn in the ED were due to factitious hyperkalemia. The leading cause of factitious hyperkalemia was spurious hyperkalemia due to in-vitro hemolysis.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01m613gh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frank-Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stephan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bürgerspital Solothurn, Department of Cardiology, Solothurn, Solothurn, Switzerland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Florian", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Riede", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kantonsspital Aarau, Department of Cardiology, Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Luca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ünlü", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Hospital Basel, Emergency Department, Basel, Basel Stadt, Switzerland; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Lower Austria, Austria", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gioele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Capoferri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Hospital Basel, Emergency Department, Basel, Basel Stadt, Switzerland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tito", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bosia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Le Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Axel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Regeniter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MEDICA Medical Laboratories, Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roland", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bingisser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Hospital Basel, Emergency Department, Basel, Basel Stadt, Switzerland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Nickel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Hospital Basel, Emergency Department, Basel, Basel Stadt, Switzerland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-09-06T02:33:48.639000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-16T21:57:20.471000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35286/galley/30137/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35286/galley/29910/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35286/galley/30137/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21205, "title": "Survey of Firearm Storage Practices and Preferences Among Parents and Caregivers of Children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> The American College of Emergency Physicians supports community- and hospital-based programs that intervene to prevent firearm-related injury. To this end, the distribution of firearm locks or storage devices in the emergency department (ED) may help achieve this target. To inform secure firearm storage programs for households with children and firearms, we examined firearm storage practices, device preferences, and cost tolerance among parents/caregivers of children.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Between April 2018–November 2019, we conducted and analyzed an in-person survey of 294 caregivers, aged ≥18, with both children and firearms in the home. Surveys assessed reasons for firearm ownership, storage practices and device preferences among five storage-device options, and prices participants were willing to pay for devices. Practices and preferences were examined by participant characteristics. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations of interest.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Most participants (73%) reported personal protection as a reason for owning firearms, and nearly 80% owned at least one firearm storage device. Over half (55%) owned cable locks, but only 36%of owners reported regularly using them. Rapid-access devices (electronic and biometric lockboxes) were less commonly owned (26%) but more likely to be regularly used (73%). The most highly rated storage device features were the following: the ability to store the firearm unloaded (87.3%); the ability to store the firearm loaded (79.1%); and device affordability (65%). Most participants (78%) preferred rapid-access devices over other options. Participants were willing to pay more for products that afforded rapid access to the firearm. Participants reported they would pay a median of $100 for a pushbutton rapid-access product ($80 retail), and $150 for a biometric lockbox ($210 retail).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the storage practices and preferences among firearm-owning households with children can help inform ED injury-prevention screening and firearm safety practice implementation. Our results suggest that rapid-access devices may be the most preferable firearm storage devices for distribution by secure storage programs, and costs are likely minimal given parental/caregiver willingness to pay.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "pediatric emergency medicine" }, { "word": "pediatrics" }, { "word": "Firearm" }, { "word": "Preventative Medicine" }, { "word": "injury prevention" } ], "section": "Injury Prevention and Population Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/940619fr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Meredith", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Haag", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Doernbecher Children’s Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, and Doernbecher Injury Prevention Program Tom Sargent Safety Center, Department of Pediatrics, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Catlin", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Dennis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Doernbecher Children’s Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, and Doernbecher Injury Prevention Program Tom Sargent Safety Center, Department of Pediatrics, Portland, Oregon; Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McGaughey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Tess", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Gilbert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeFrancesco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adrienne", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Gallardo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Doernbecher Children’s Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, and Doernbecher Injury Prevention Program Tom Sargent Safety Center, Department of Pediatrics, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Hoffman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Doernbecher Children’s Hospital, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Medicine, and Doernbecher Injury Prevention Program Tom Sargent Safety Center, Department of Pediatrics, Portland, Oregon", "department": "Pediatrics" }, { "first_name": "Kathleen", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Carlson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-16T23:00:54.379000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-09T01:13:53.332000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21205/galley/30134/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21205/galley/28881/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21205/galley/30134/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31064, "title": "The Effect of Hospital Boarding on Emergency Medicine Residency Productivity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Emergency department boarding has escalated to a crisis, impacting patient care, hospital finances, and physician burnout, and contributing to error. No prior studies have examined the effects of boarding hours on resident productivity. If boarding reduces productivity, it may have negative educational impacts. We investigated the effect of boarding on resident productivity as measured by patients per hour and hypothesized that increased boarding leads to decreased productivity.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study at a quaternary, urban, academic Level I trauma center from 2017–2021 with a three-year emergency medicine residency of 10–12 residents per year and annual volumes of 80,000–101,000. Boarding was defined as the time between an admission order and the patient leaving the ED. We created a multivariable mixed model with fixed covariates for year, month, day of week, resident experience, shift duration, total daily ED patients, and with residents as repeated measures. The effect of boarding was estimated after covarying out all other factors.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> All variables included in the model were significantly associated with changes in productivity. Resident experience has the largest effect such that for each month of residency experience, a resident adds 0.012 patients per hour (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.010–0.014). Isolating the effect of boarding demonstrated that for every additional 100 hours of boarding, a resident’s productivity decreased by 0.022 patients per hour (95% CI 0.016–0.028). In the study, the median daily boarding was 261 hours; if this were eliminated (assuming a resident completes 100 10-hour shifts annually), a resident could be expected to see 56.9 more patients per year (95% CI 40.7–73.1).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Hospital boarding significantly reduces resident productivity as measured by patients per hour. Further studies are warranted to determine the educational impact.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "boarding" }, { "word": "education" }, { "word": "resident" }, { "word": "productivity" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s5518sn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moffett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Al", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Best", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lewis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Grace", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hickam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hannah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kissel-Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barrera", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moll", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-07-21T21:39:50.743000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-07T18:08:10.892000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-27T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/31064/galley/30135/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/31064/galley/28883/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/31064/galley/30135/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40000, "title": "The Constitution and the Kadhis: Women's Land Ownership Rights and Democracy in Kenya", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Though Kenya has been democratizing since the 1990s, this progress has stagnated when concerned with women’s rights to inheritance and land ownership—especially when comparing Muslim and non-Muslim women. The prevalence of legal pluralism, in which multiple judicial systems exist, navigating between common law courts and Islamic courts proves to be a greater challenge when dealing with inheritance. Under religious dictation, Muslim women are entitled to only half of what their brothers are entitled to in matters of inheritance, while non-Muslim women and their brothers have equal access to inheritance. An example from the Indian Hindu Succession Act of 1956 demonstrates the magnanimous power equal inheritance gives women; namely, a chance to engage independently in the economy, contribute to the labor force and accelerate modernization. By following a similar model and reinstating equal access to inheritance for all women, regardless of religious affiliation, Kenyan women too can have increased access to land ownership rights. These rights allow them to become autonomous and independent players in the local economy and contribute to greater productivity for the state along with more economic mobility for themselves and their families.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ch9k9t3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vennela", "middle_name": "Sai", "last_name": "Gosukonda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-25T20:24:02.980000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-25T20:24:50.327000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:46:40.156000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/40000/galley/30086/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39976, "title": "Sex Work Regulation Across 85 Nations: The Political Economy of Prostitution", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Despite the popularity and efficacy of laws that criminalize consumers in the sex industry, adoption of such policies is slow and limited. In other cases, countries act to adopt legal frameworks that may leave sex workers unprotected from violence or harm. How do we explain such different choices across different countries? To address this, I undertake a political and economic view of sex work, which refers specifically to prostitution in this study, and subsequently investigate political and economic characteristics across 85 countries as factors that may affect their selection of different types of sex work policies. Furthermore, I examine the impact of diverse political value systems as well as economic conditions. The project employs a multinomial logistic regression model to examine the relationship between these factors and the adoption of five different sex work policies. The analysis of data demonstrated that total female participation in the labor force was the most influential factor, followed by civil liberties and political rights, across the countries included in the study.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ph3m58s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Grace", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Jang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T23:52:44.373000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T23:53:14.312000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:46:20.684000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39976/galley/30085/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39975, "title": "Neuroaesthetics, Sublime, and Well-Being: Positive Affect of Awe and Aesthetic Emotions, and a Practical Framework", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Aesthetic experiences influence the way we perceive the world, often at a subliminal level. But relatively little is known about how these aesthetic experiences affect us cognitively and how they shape our identity and improve our well-being. The purpose of this paper is thus to: (1) examine and review the current literature in the emerging field of neuroaesthetics—how the brain responds to beauty and sublime experiences; (2) extrapolate from current literature the properties of beauty and what it means when people perceive something to be beautiful; (3) synthesize the current literature and my own research on the topic to bring more awareness on the health benefits and transcendent power of experiencing awe or sublimity; (4) use the PERMA (positive emotion, engagement, relationship, meaning, achievement) theory of well-being proposed by positive psychologist Martin Seligman to present an action framework I established, acronymed NUMA (nature walks, unconditional love, meditation, affirmative goals). Within this paper, I argue that these perceptually aesthetic experiences (which can happen in a variety of forms such as in nature, artworks, music, or poetry) elicit in us a sense of awe and wonder, which performs a “scale effect” or “overview effect” on us and if experienced regularly could guide us toward living a more meaningful life.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gs3627k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yiya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T23:39:49.906000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T23:40:19.410000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:46:00.314000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39975/galley/30084/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39974, "title": "Emancipation through Modern Poetics: History, Politics, and Aesthetics in Muriel Rukeyser’s <em>The Book of the Dead</em> ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><em>The Book of the Dead </em>by Muriel Rukeyser represents a collection of poetry riddled with a history of “relative neglect and obscurity.”1 For this reason, discourses surrounding the docupoetic collection often grapple with the ambition required when approaching a complex work addressing temporal tragedy. To contribute to this discourse, the literary research in this paper traverses an intersection with three primary angles: the political, the aesthetic, and the emancipatory. The analysis centers on <em>The Book of the Dead</em> and the modernist poetry that the author of the collection utilizes when portraying a uniquely chilling perspective of one of the most catastrophic industrial disasters in United States history. Understanding the poetry from Rukeyser, however, faces several obstacles given the rejection of literary convention within each stanza. This paper therefore provides necessary historical, sociological, and aesthetic background to contextualize the important discussions on literature and culture that are underscored within <em>The Book of the Dead</em>. Ultimately, the research contends that Rukeyser’s work not only calls for emancipation for the dead, but also the freeing of readers from literary convention in order to confront a tragedy much of society would rather leave behind in history.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q98q5ft", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adriana", "middle_name": "Marie", "last_name": "Temprano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T23:25:12.891000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T23:25:42.563000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:45:40.888000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39974/galley/30083/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39973, "title": "Colonization and Queerness in South Asia: Understanding Evolving Public Perceptions of Queer Identities in Pre- and Post-Colonial India", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Ancient India has a strong history of accepting, highlighting, and celebrating queer identities, genders, homosexuality, and polyamory—often permanently commemorating these individuals in carvings, paintings, and other forms of art at Hindu temples and holy sites. Transgender, transexual, and homosexual gods are not only extremely popular, but also significant pillars of Hinduism and holy scriptures. As colonialism spread and the British Raj asserted more power over Indian culture, Western frameworks and definitions of “civil society” that mandated heteronormativity led to the outlawing of homosexuality under Section 377 of 1861. Although India gained independence in 1947, such discriminatory attitudes against queer people became embedded in Indian society and amplified over time—permanently altering the public’s perception and opinions on homosexuality. On September 6, 2018, the Indian Supreme Court ruling eradicated Section 377 and decriminalized queer sexual activities—a major advancement in the ongoing cultural decolonization of India and the growing LGBTQ+ rights social movements. These efforts are magnified by the growth of more queer characters in Bollywood movies and media and by creating spaces to openly discuss queerness in a socially acceptable manner. Advancing queer rights in India is part of the larger structural decolonization of the Western norms that were forcibly embedded in society through colonialism, and</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31m5m3k7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mehta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T23:19:11.084000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T23:19:41.466000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:45:22.548000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39973/galley/30082/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39972, "title": "Psycholinguistics: How Language Shapes Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Psycholinguistics, the bridge between language and cognition, has evolved through a rich history of theories and debates, shaping our comprehension of the human mind. But what role does language play in cognition? Language is far beyond just mere communication, as it molds cognition, perception, memory, and problem-solving skills. At its core, the study of language acquisition stands as a foundation for the study of psycholinguistics, spanning diverse theoretical landscapes from behaviorist theories to nativist perspectives. This paper aims to offer insights from a myriad of disciplines, offering a holistic understanding of how language is intertwined with cognitive development. Drawing upon the fields of psychology, linguistics, neuroscience, and anthropology, it unveils the profound impact language has in shaping the trajectory of cognitive development. This interdisciplinary approach illuminates the mechanisms by which language influences cognitive processes, underscoring the symbiotic relationship between language and the development of the human mind. It indicates the importance of interdisciplinary research in understanding the marriage between language and cognition, ultimately revealing the magic behind the human mind.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4t30g06v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "Eduarda", "last_name": "Marcelino", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T23:13:26.847000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T23:13:56.020000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:45:02.332000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39972/galley/30081/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39970, "title": "Algorithms and the \"Anti-Preference\": A Quantitative Investigation of “Reaching the Wrong Audience” on TikTok ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This paper provides an empirical hypothesis test and partial verification of the “algorithmic folk theory” of “reaching the wrong audience.” This user folk theory claims that content posted to TikTok can sometimes become sequestered to a hostile audience, resulting in a sharp influx of harassment and oppositional comments. To test this theory, this paper employs a graphical analysis to identify trends in interaction rates, comments over time, and comment sentiment. The data collected consisted of 1,455 posts and 454,540 comments, which were then evaluated using a natural language processing (NLP) sentiment analysis tool for a total of 297,009,882 effective observations of viewer sentiment response. Using this data, this paper employs a time-series analysis to identify a “resurrecting” post behavior characterized by a sudden increase in engagement of an otherwise “dead” TikTok post as far as ten months after the content’s initial post date. Further, the findings highlighted how this “resurgent behavior” would commonly occur when the sudden influx of engagement contained either distinctly positive or negative comment sentiment. These findings suggest the existence of “audience sentiment sequestering,” explained as the algorithmic restriction of viewership to a specific audience type and a core mechanism of the user folk theory of “reaching the wrong audience.” Lastly, this paper proposes a new theoretical algorithmic phenomenon, the anti-preference theory, to explain why automated algorithmic decision-making may cause a user’s content to “reach the wrong audience” and remain stuck there. This theory suggests that the recommendation algorithm implemented on TikTok is impartial to the positive or negative sentiment of a viewer’s comment but still susceptible to the user’s propensity to comment. In conjunction, these traits can cause the recommendation algorithm to “misinterpret” a user’s negative comment as a successful recommendation for that viewer. This “misinterpretation” can create a feedback loop, where the recommendation algorithm will show the content to other hostile users with similar “anti-preferences.” Expectedly, this hostile audience would share a similar high propensity to leave hostile comments of their own, thus restarting the loop. From the content creator’s side, the anti-preference phenomenon can appear as a sudden and seemingly systematic increase in hostile comments, similar to the experiences described within the “reaching the wrong audience” folk theory.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vq7291w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Owen", "middle_name": "Alinsangan", "last_name": "Doyle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T22:40:32.842000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T22:41:49.538000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:44:42.962000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39970/galley/30095/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39969, "title": "An Autocrat's Playbook: Nicolás Maduro's Use of Social Media to Erode Venezuelan Democracy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro’s autocratic techniques have pushed Venezuela closer to authoritarianism and farther from democracy. These techniques involve newer tactics that build on his predecessor’s success in suppressing democracy and work quietly and efficiently to disrupt elections. Dodging accountability for his hand in Venezuela’s democratic backsliding, Maduro avoids explicit breaches of international codes and laws, choosing instead to operate within the grey areas of misinformation and information manipulation around which legal consensus is still being formed. The Venezuelan 2020 parliamentary elections provide a clear and compelling image of Maduro’s use of misinformation on social media platforms to threaten election integrity and erode democracy. While Maduro still relies on traditional routes to suppress dissent and maintain authority, the development of discrete, targeted demonstrations of autocratic power on social media platforms must be taken seriously for the threat they pose to global democracy.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vj855wr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mackenzie", "middle_name": "Anne", "last_name": "Berwick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-22T22:23:38.893000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-22T22:27:21.267000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:44:23.840000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/39969/galley/30080/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38377, "title": "\"Woman. Life. Freedom. Queer. Trans. Liberation\": Echoes of <em>Azadi</em> Breaking Free from the Inner-Panopticon", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p class=\"p1\">This thesis delves into the Islamic Republic of Iran’s intricate construction and reinforcement of a cis-heteronormative national identity with an emphasis on the contemporary “Woman, Life, Freedom, Queer, Trans, Liberty” revolution. The study highlights the complex web of power dynamics, surveillance mechanisms, and regulatory frameworks that operate both within the public and private spheres. By utilizing a Foucauldian framework of the “inner-panopticon,” this research exposes how the Iranian state’s systematic imposition of heteronormative values extends beyond the confines of legal and social regulations, permeating the very fabric of individual consciousness. The paper contends that the omnipresent “War on Sex,” a strategic deployment of sexuality as a political tool, has fostered an environment of fear and self-policing, particularly for non-male-conforming individuals. As a result, this paper also focuses on severe social marginalization of queer and trans Iranians within Iran and its diasporic communities. With a critical lens rooted in a queer anti-Orientalist framework, this paper scrutinizes the role of the invisible panopticon in perpetuating gender and sexuality policing within an authoritarian regime. Part 1 of the study establishes the theoretical underpinning of the inner-panopticon, contextualizes the War on Sex within the Islamic Republic’s cis-heteropatriarchal agenda, and conducts a historical analysis of the nation’s sexual economy. Part 2 examines the panoptic institutions, including the legal penal code, the educational system, and the enforcement of compulsory hijab, as prominent tools employed by the regime to reinforce its ideological control. By elucidating these mechanisms, the research offers a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted ways in which state-sanctioned oppression is perpetuated and how it impacts the cultural and societal discourse surrounding sex and sexuality in Iran.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/84k5n06x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yaas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Farzanefar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-10-19T01:14:08.532000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-19T01:15:06.012000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:44:00.937000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/38377/galley/30079/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36704, "title": "Understanding the Needs and Experiences of Spiritual and Religious Clients Seeking Mental Health Counseling", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Currently, mental health clinicians lack training in spiritual and religious competence, while counseling psychology research does not give adequate attention to the spiritual and religious concerns of clients seeking mental health counseling. In order to improve the quality of mental healthcare, I argue for more research and training to better understand clients’ spiritual and religious needs. I review existing approaches to mental healthcare that integrate spirituality and religion, then outline my own survey- and interview-based research. My study assesses clients’ levels of religiosity and spirituality, discovers the role of spirituality and religion in their mental health, and finds out their experiences working with mental health clinicians. My data indicates that spiritual and religious interest often intersects with defining life events, such as traumatic experiences and existential crises, and that mental health clinicians should be better prepared to understand the role of spirituality and religion to support clients’ psychological and spiritual health.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74m6d8db", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Christiano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-10-09T19:20:21.008000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-09T20:21:32.351000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:43:41.383000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/36704/galley/30078/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36703, "title": "Navigating a Post-<em>Dobbs</em> Era: Repercussions Faced by Marginalized Communities and the Future of Reproductive Justice ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>In June 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States overturned <em>Roe v. Wade</em>, revoking the federal protection of the right to receive an abortion, and leaving abortion policymaking to state legislatures. Approximately thirteen states have already enforced abortion bans as of April 2023, while some states are still struggling with legal challenges of the ban. Across the U.S., individuals with the capacity for pregnancy are left without legal protection to such a necessary medical procedure. However, abortion access is only the surface of what is taken away from pregnant people with the overturning of <em>Roe v. Wade</em>. Exacerbated by race, class, and location of residence, pregnant people face major health, socioeconomic, and social losses that ultimately contribute to a poorer quality of life and overall setback in the movement towards reproductive justice. This paper explores the effects of the <em>Dobbs</em> decision that overturned <em>Roe v. Wade</em>, by examining the realities of marginalized groups through the lenses of social welfare, public health, politics, and reproductive justice.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2253c96v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alyssa Mae", "middle_name": "Catipon", "last_name": "Legaspi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-10-09T19:13:27.978000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-09T20:19:56.284000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:43:18.541000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/36703/galley/30077/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35290, "title": "Intergenerational and Cultural Parent-Child Protective Factors against Depressive Symptoms in Filipino-American Adolescents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><!--StartFragment-->The developmental years of adolescence are key to shaping an individual’s identity as they explore their place in the context of different communities they are a part of. Immigrant children may have a unique development of culture and identity because the environments between home and school may differ. Mental health is influenced by the interplay of their relational environment and individual development. The stigma surrounding mental health within the Filipino-American community can contribute to this environment. This can be challenging to balance within the Filipino-American community due to stigma surrounding mental health. Given the colonial mindset from historical contexts, strong filial ties, and mental health disparities within Filipino-American communities, in addition to the lack of disaggregated research done, it is beneficial to further delve into factors that can affect their mental health. Using data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study, this paper uses a cultural microsystems model and a colonial mentality model to examine questions about depression. This paper explores what intergenerational factors within parent-child relationships serve as protective factors against depressive symptoms in Filipino-American adolescents and how cultural identities and values interact with these symptoms. Analysis of the data using chi square tests and bivariate correlation regression analyses found the following protective factors against depressive symptom incidence: parental pride for country of birth; viewing the American way of life as strengthening the family; a cohesive family unit; less intergenerational conflict; and parental active listening. These results suggest that cultural and ethnic identity can be protective, if they are not causes of intergenerational conflict. This research supports the need for culturally sensitive mental health interventions as cultural and ethnic identity can have beneficial, grounding qualities that can meet patients where they are. <!--EndFragment--><br><!--EndFragment--></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b7074nh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ainsley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Torres", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-09-06T07:25:54.044000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-09T20:18:00.404000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:42:56.556000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/35290/galley/30076/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40004, "title": "Volume 38 (2024) - Front Matter", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14d2w8dj", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": "2024-11-25T23:26:47.040000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-25T23:34:16.724000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:42:35.434000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/40004/galley/30088/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35288, "title": "Death of California Solar? The Impact of Net Metering Policy on Californian Solar Installations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Since 1995, net metering policy has provided a constant incentive for customers of California’s Investor-Owned Utilities (IOUs) to install solar panels. Under the IOUs’ net metering programs, customers with solar systems receive a full retail rate credit for each unit of excess energy they generate and export back to the grid. This has allowed customers with an appropriately sized solar system to zero out their electricity bills, applying credits from hours when they generate excess solar energy towards the cost of non-solar energy use. However, in December 2021, the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) announced plans to significantly alter net metering policy beginning April 15, 2023. Under their new policy, colloquially referred to as “NEM3,” export credits are aligned with utilities’ avoided costs rather than customers’ retail rates, resulting in a roughly 80% reduction in excess generation compensation. However, NEM3 only applies to new solar customers; customers who interconnected their system before April 15 were grandfathered into a full retail rate net metering program for 20 years, providing a major incentive to install solar before this date. This paper uses a difference-in-differences model approach to estimate the impact of the CPUC’s announced plans to alter net metering programs on solar installation levels. The results suggest that the CPUC’s plans spurred a statistically significant 0.396% point, or 31%, increase in month-over-month installation growth in the IOUs. This increase implies customers are responsive to changes in net metering policy and suggests decreases in Californian residential solar installations post-implementation of NEM3 are likely.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1s97k90d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rosie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ward", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-09-06T07:20:17.414000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-09T20:14:36.466000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T20:41:48.596000+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/our_buj/article/35288/galley/30132/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40009, "title": "WestJEM Full Issue Text", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n90173d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Valenzi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-26T17:35:50.747000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-11-26T18:20:57.182000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Full Issue Text", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/40009/galley/30094/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Full Issue Text", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/40009/galley/30094/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 39863, "title": "The conventional limits of the marine biogeographical Sector 4, for the new Checklist of the Italian Fauna", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The status of a distinct biogeographical sector for the area of the Strait of Messina has been widely acknowledged in the last two decades. However, clear-cut limits of this sectors have never been formalised. With the understanding that in nature the limits of biogeographical sectors are usually not clear-cut, and for the sake of unequivocally placing occurrences in this sector we have here: (1) summarized the history of the classification of the Strait of Messina as a biogeographical sector, and (2) provided the conventional limits of Sector 4, as far as possible reflecting main ecological traits and recognizable discontinuities with the neighbour sectors", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "biodiversity" }, { "word": "Metazoa" }, { "word": "Italy" }, { "word": "marine species" }, { "word": "biogeographical sectors" } ], "section": "Special Section: The new Checklist of the Italian Fauna", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6780102w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Salvatore", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Giacobbe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università di\nMessina, Via Stagno d'Alcontres, 98166 Messina (Italy)", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oliverio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Biology and Biotechnologies \"Charles Darwin\", Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-08-16T18:19:42+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-08-16T18:19:42+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-26T07:36:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/39863/galley/30146/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24861, "title": "Reframing the Language Classroom through Discovery-Based Frameworks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The past four years have seen radical upheaval in language pedagogy due to restrictions imposed by the outbreak of COVID-19 and the advent of generative AI. Increasing evidence that remote learning options can be just as effective as in-person ones has additionally forced educators to re-evaluate and re-articulate the methods and purpose of in-person classroom instruction. This report suggests that a discovery-based framework can help transform classrooms into spaces in which students go beyond simple skill acquisition to become a community of learners through an increased focus on first-hand experiences. These experiences furthermore promote curiosity and ownership over projects in the target language, extending learning beyond the confines of the classroom. With discussion of a successful example conducted in Korean language classes, the article explores how discovery-based frameworks reinforce acquisition of the target language as a tool for cultivating students’ relationships with a broader community of speakers in a personally meaningful way. This report therefore underscores the efficacy, ethicality, and endurance of discovery-based frameworks in classroom instruction as a holistic pedagogical approach.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "critical language pedagogy" }, { "word": "advanced foreign language course" }, { "word": "social engagement" }, { "word": "student empowerment" }, { "word": "Discovery-based learning" } ], "section": "Teachers' Forum", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69w5f315", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rabindra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hayashi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "Sociocultural Anthropology" }, { "first_name": "Minsook", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-06-13T20:04:31.214000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-12T05:28:50.571000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-25T23:26:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/24861/galley/30087/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/24861/galley/29906/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/24861/galley/30087/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 20943, "title": "Case Report of HIV and Neurosyphilis Coinfection in a Recent Migrant: Old Diseases in New Faces", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum represents a unique challenge in management, with increased risk of neurological complications. Haiti is well-known for being disproportionately impacted by the HIV epidemic, with rates of infection ~6 times higher than in the United States (US). Rates of coinfection in Haiti are incompletely characterized but likely high. The US has seen a marked increase in migration from Haiti, with implications for public health and migrant health management. </p>\n<p><strong>Case Report:</strong> A 69-year-old male, recent Haitian migrant presented for subacute altered mental status and visual and auditory hallucinations for approximately four weeks. The patient’s neurological exam was non-focal, but laboratory evaluation showed an elevated paraprotein gap (6.7 grams per deciliter). This prompted concern for infectious etiology. The patient was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS with a CD4+ count of 154 cells per cubic millimeter and a positive rapid plasma reagin test (titer 1:128), with cerebrospinal fluid demonstrating elevated white blood cell count and protein concentration, consistent with neurosyphilis. The patient completed 14 days of intravenous benzathine penicillin G, with hospitalization complicated by hyponatremia and vomiting, which resolved after antibiotics. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the risk of coinfection with HIV and neurosyphilis in the Haitian migrant population and suggests possible benefit in routine screening for HIV and syphilis in the emergency department, particularly for at-risk populations. Neurosyphilis can be difficult to diagnose, requiring a high index of suspicion. Migrant patients can have difficulty accessing healthcare services, and the emergency department may have a role in screening and initiation of treatment in this population.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Neurosyphilis" }, { "word": "Treponema pallidum" }, { "word": "HIV" }, { "word": "Co-infection" }, { "word": "Haitian" }, { "word": "case report" }, { "word": "Haiti" }, { "word": "Migrant" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f101505", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Van Besien", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "Paolo", "last_name": "Mauricio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ronald", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Belfort", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston Medical Center, Interpretive Services, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lykins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-04-29T14:04:54.335000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-26T09:01:10.647000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-25T18:37:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/20943/galley/31523/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21238, "title": "A Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Medical Device Recall by the Food and Drug Administration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Medical device recalls are important to the practice of emergency medicine, as unsafe devices include many ubiquitous items in emergency care, such as vascular access devices, ventilators, infusion pumps, video laryngoscopes, pulse oximetry sensors, and implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Identification of dangerous medical devices as early as possible is necessary to minimize patient harms while avoiding false positives to prevent removal of safe devices from use. While the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) employs an adverse event reporting program (MedWatch) and database (MAUDE), other data sources and methods might have utility to identify potentially dangerous medical devices. Our objective was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of a machine learning (ML) algorithm using publicly available data to predict medical device recalls by the FDA.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified recalled medical devices (RMD) and non-recalled medical devices (NRMD) using the FDA’s website and online database. We constructed an ML algorithm (random forest regressor) that automatically searched Google Trends and PubMed for the RMDs and NRMDs. The algorithm was trained using 400 randomly selected devices and then tested using 100 unique random devices. The algorithm output a continuous value (0–1) for recall probability for each device, which were rounded for dichotomous analysis. We determined sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for each of three time periods prior to recall (T-3, 6, or 12 months), using FDA recall status as the reference standard. The study adhered to relevant items of the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) guidelines.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Using a rounding threshold of 0.5, sensitivities for T-3, T-6, and T-12 were 89% (95%confidence interval [CI] 69–97), 90% (95% CI 70–97), and 75% (95% CI 53–89). Specificity was 100%(95% CI 95–100) for all three time periods. Accuracy was 98% (95% CI 93–99) for T-3 and T-6, and 95%(95% CI 89–99) for T-12. Using tailored thresholds yielded similar results.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> An ML algorithm accurately predicted medical device recall status by the FDA with lead times as great as 12 months. Future research could incorporate longer lead times and data sources including FDA reports and prospectively test the ability of ML algorithms to predict FDA recall.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Patient Safety" }, { "word": "machine learning" }, { "word": "Device Recall" }, { "word": "Random Forest Regressor" }, { "word": "Device risk-stratification" } ], "section": "Patient Safety", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4sd03611", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Victor", "middle_name": "Barbosa", "last_name": "Slivinskis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University, Pratt School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Isabela", "middle_name": "Agi", "last_name": "Maluli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "Seth", "last_name": "Broder", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-22T21:49:34.750000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-02T13:17:31.466000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-21T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21238/galley/30062/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21238/galley/29913/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21238/galley/30062/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21272, "title": "A Pilot Study Assessing Left Ventricle Diastolic Function in the Parasternal Long-axis View", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Spectral Doppler echocardiography is used to evaluate diastolic dysfunction of the heart. However, it is difficult to assess diastolic function with this modality in emergency department (ED) settings. Based on the hypothesis that E-point septal separation (EPSS) measured by M-mode in the parasternal long-axis (PSLA) view may facilitate the assessment of diastolic function in emergency patient care, we aimed to investigate whether EPSS measured by M-mode in the PSLA view correlates with spectral Doppler assessment in patients with grade 1 diastolic dysfunction.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed this prospective, observational, single-center study was performed in the ED of a tertiary training and research hospital. All patients who presented to the emergency critical care unit with symptoms of heart failure were evaluated by the cardiology department, had grade 1 diastolic dysfunction confirmed by the cardiology department, and did not meet any of the study’s exclusion criteria. The study population of 40 (included rate 14%) was formed after the exclusion criteria were applied to 285 patients who met these conditions. Patients included in the study underwent spectral Doppler measurements in the apical four-chamber (A4C) view followed by M-mode measurements in the PSLA view. We then compared the measurements.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>The correlation between the early diastolic velocity of the mitral inflow to the late diastolic velocity (E/A) ratio in spectral Doppler measurements and the EPSS/ A-point septal separation (APSS) ratio in M-mode was strong (correlation coefficient 0.677, P = 0.001). Similarly, the correlation between E in spectral Doppler measurements and the EPSS/APSS ratio in M-mode measurements was also moderately strong (correlation coefficient 0.557, P = 0.001).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant correlation exists between the M-mode EPSS/APSS ratio measurement in the PSLA view and the spectral Doppler E/A ratio measurement in the A4C window to evaluate grade 1 diastolic dysfunction. This association suggests that M-mode measurements in the PSLA may be used in diastolic dysfunction.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Left Ventricle Diastolic Function" }, { "word": "E-point septal separation (EPSS)" }, { "word": "Pulsed Wave (PW) Doppler" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tm8z44r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mümin Murat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yazici", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rize, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nurullah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parça", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rize, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Enes", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hamdioğlu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rize, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Meryem", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaçan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rize, Türkiye", "department": "Department of Emergency Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Özcan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yavaşi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rize, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Özlem", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bilir", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rize, Türkiye", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-29T15:50:36.743000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-10-06T10:18:56.723000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-21T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21272/galley/30061/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21272/galley/28884/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/21272/galley/30061/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18611, "title": "Electroencephalography Correlation of Ketamine-induced Clinical Excitatory Movements: A Systematic Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Background: </strong>This is a systematic review investigating the correlation between seizures identifiable on electroencephalogram (EEG), clinical excitatory movements (CEM), and ketamine administration for procedural sedation.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science in April 2021. Search terms included variations for ketamine, myoclonus, seizures, status epilepticus, and electroencephalography. Two independent reviewers assessed papers based on eligibility criteria, which included human studies where EEG recordings were obtained during ketamine administration.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Eight papers were eligible for inclusion with 141 subjects (24 children). Seven studies (133 subjects) reported epilepsy history; 70% (94/133) of these subjects had a pre-existing epilepsy diagnosis. No (0/39) subjects without epilepsy and 28% (26/94) of subjects with epilepsy had electrographic seizures after ketamine administration. In four studies where pediatric and adult subjects could be separated, children with epilepsy had electrographic seizures in 60% (3/5) of cases compared to 28% (6/33) of cases of adults with epilepsy. Of the subjects with epilepsy, 14% (10/74) had CEMs vs 5% (1/21) in subjects without epilepsy. Most CEMs (9/11) were temporally correlated with electrographic seizures.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that in subjects with epilepsy, electrographic seizures were frequently seen with ketamine administration and were correlated with CEMs. No seizure activity after ketamine was seen in subjects without epilepsy. While the clinical significance of these findings needs further investigation, clinicians may want to consider patients’ seizure history when providing counseling on the risks and benefits of ketamine sedation.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Seizure" }, { "word": "convulsion" }, { "word": "EEG" }, { "word": "electroencephalography" }, { "word": "ketamine" }, { "word": "sedation" }, { "word": "systematic" } ], "section": "Neurology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bq9g67d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emine", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Tunc", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Southwestern, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Dallas, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Neil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uspal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lindsey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Seattle, Washington", "department": "", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Sue", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Groshong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Seattle Children’s Hospital and Research Institute, Library and Information Commons, Seattle, Washington", "department": "", "country": "United States" }, { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington", "department": "", "country": "United States" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-12-02T04:55:30+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-16T17:54:46.598000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-21T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18611/galley/30060/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18611/galley/28879/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18611/galley/30060/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35390, "title": "Integrating Disaster Response Tools for Clinical Leadership", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Background: Disastrous situations in the emergency department (ED) or community can overwhelm even the best-prepared teams due to their complexity and dynamic nature. In this paper we propose an integrated approach to disaster management, combining six theoretical and practical frameworks to enhance decision-making and operational effectiveness.</p>\n<p>Discussion: The approach begins with “sensemaking,” an instinctive process that helps leaders quickly gain situational awareness, a crucial foundation for the recognition-primed decision process (RPD). RPD enables swift, experience-based decisions without exhaustive analysis, aligning them with the appropriate domain in the Cynefin framework to guide subsequent interventions. In chaotic situations, rapid action is necessary, and the edge-of-chaos theory guides leaders to balance order and chaos for optimal adaptability. Complexity theory aids in managing the unpredictable elements of a crisis, highlighting the need for flexible responses. Finally, the Incident Command System ensures effective implementation by providing a standardized approach to command, control,<br>and coordination. This cohesive strategy equips emergency physicians and incident commanders to manage both internal ED crises and broader community disasters effectively, with an emphasis on the importance of training in these frameworks to enhance the resilience of emergency medical services.</p>\n<p>Conclusion: This multifaceted approach should improve disaster management by better preparing responders for the unpredictable nature of emergencies, enabling effective evaluation and management of complex scenarios, and leading to a more rapid restoration of order.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency medicine (EM)" }, { "word": "disaster management" }, { "word": "sensemaking" }, { "word": "recognition-primed decision making (RPD)" }, { "word": "Cynefin Framework" }, { "word": "edge of chaos theory" }, { "word": "complexity theory" }, { "word": "Incident Command System (ICS)" } ], "section": "Disaster Medicine/ Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fd0k4zn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "V.", "last_name": "Iserson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Arizona, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tucson, Arizona", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-09-09T21:58:40.599000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-16T20:35:53.280000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-21T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35390/galley/30059/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35390/galley/28646/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35390/galley/30059/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 19488, "title": "Pediatric Emergency Department-based Food Insecurity Screening During the COVID-19 Pandemic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The emergency department (ED) is a safety net, caring for families who lack adequate access to food and other basic needs. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a dramatic rise in food insecurity (FI) nationally; however, little is known about the prevalence of FI among families seen in pediatric EDs (PED). In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of FI, as well as awareness and utilization of supplemental food services, among families seen in an urban PED during the COVID-19 pandemic using an electronic screening survey.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey of families screened for FI in an urban PED. An electronic survey was advertised to all families via posters placed in patient rooms and other locations in the PED between February–October 2022. Surveys in English and Spanish were accessed on personal electronic devices via QR codes. Six validated US Department of Agriculture household food security questions and sociodemographic questions were included. We calculated respondents’ food security and performed descriptive and bivariate analyses of patient sociodemographics and responses to FI questions.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 42,697 PED visits, 612 surveys were completed and analyzed (1.4%). Nearly 50% of respondents identified as White and non-Hispanic, with approximately 80% female. Thirty percent had a household income of <$25,000 and 32% between $25,000–<50,000. Among survey respondents, 56.7% demonstrated FI: 25% with low food security, and 31.7% with very low food security. We identified statistically significant differences in awareness and use of supplemental food services by FI status, household income, and primary language spoken.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly 60% of survey participants in an urban pediatric ED during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced food insecurity, substantially higher than previous reports. These results support the ED’s contributory role in FI screening, particularly during times of a public health crisis, and highlights the need for targeted outreach in this setting.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Food Insecurity" }, { "word": "social determinants of health" }, { "word": "pediatric emergency medicine" }, { "word": "COVID-19" } ], "section": "Health Equity", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x7296w1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruest", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nguyen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Celeste", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cocoran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duffy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hasbro Children’s Hospital, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-02-23T15:56:34.640000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-16T21:36:17.664000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-21T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19488/galley/30058/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19488/galley/28647/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19488/galley/30058/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18698, "title": "Needs Assessment and Tailored Training Pilot for Emergency Care Clinicians in the Prehospital Setting in Rwanda", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Background: </strong>In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), 45% of deaths could be addressed by implementation of an emergency medical services (EMS) system. Prehospital care is a critical component of EMS worldwide, and basic, affordable training has been shown to improve EMS systems. However, patient outcome impact is unclear. In this study we aimed to assess the current state of prehospital care in Kigali, Rwanda, through a needs assessment, focused training intervention, and analysis of current practices and patient outcomes.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 30 clinicians through the prehospital medical command office and included them in the study. A prospective, nonrandomized, interrupted time-series approach was used. Data collected through closed- and open-ended questionnaires included age, sex, training, and knowledge assessment. We used the data to create a tailored, 18-hour training after which immediate and 11-month post-tests were administered. Linked prehospital and hospital care datasets allowed for evaluation of patient outcomes and prehospital process indicators that included training skill application, airway intervention, intravenous fluid administration, and glucose administration.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 30 clinicians, 18 (60%) were female, 19 were nurses, and 11 were nurse anaesthetists. Median age was 36, and median years providing care was 10 (IQR 7–11). Twenty-four (80%) participants completed immediate and post-test assessments. Mean knowledge across 12 core skills significantly improved from a pre-test mean of 59.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 42.2–77.20) to a post-test mean of 87.8% (95% CI 74.7–100). At 11 months post-training, the score improvement maintained, with a mean score of 77.6%(95% CI 59.2–96.8). For patient outcomes, the total sample size was 572 patients; 324 of these patients were transported to the ED during the pre-training period (56.4%), while 248 were transported post-training. Prehospital oxygen administration for patients with a saturation level of <95% significantly increased pre- to post-training (66.7% to 71.7%; Δ = 5.0%; Δ95% CI 1.9,−8.1%). No significant changes were noted in patient treatment outcomes or other process indicators due to small sample sizes.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides insights on Rwandan EMS and demonstrates that a tailored intervention targeting education on prehospital process indicators has positive impacts on clinician knowledge and practice.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "training" }, { "word": "emergency" }, { "word": "Pre-hospital" }, { "word": "education" } ], "section": "Global Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/04c416xm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Naz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Karim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University Alpert Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jeanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "D’Arc Nyinawankusi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Service d’Aide Médicale Urgente, Kigali, Rwanda", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mikaela", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Belsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pascal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mugemangango", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Zeta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mutabazi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rwanda, Department of Anaesthesia, Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Kigali, Rwanda", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Catalina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gonzalez Marques", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Global Emergency Care and Humanitarian Studies, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, Washington", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Janette", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baird", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University Alpert Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jean", "middle_name": "Marie", "last_name": "Uwitonze", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Service d’Aide Médicale Urgente, Kigali, Rwanda", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Levine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University Alpert Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-01-13T19:46:15+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-07-21T22:35:25.607000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-20T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18698/galley/30056/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18698/galley/26727/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18698/galley/30056/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18661, "title": "Practice Patterns of Graduates of a Rural Emergency Medicine Training Program", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Rural communities continue to face a shortage of emergency physicians despite the growing number of emergency medicine (EM) residencies. In rural areas, emergency physicians tend to be older, male, and White, and are less likely to have completed EM residency training or have board certification. There is also currently a higher rate of rural physicians leaving clinical practice than in urban emergency departments (ED). In this cross-sectional study we sought to identify the work environments of graduates of a rural EM residency program, and the strengths and weaknesses of such a program.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a survey among 29 graduates of a community-based EM program to evaluate the effectiveness of a residency program in training physicians who will work in rural areas. The survey assessed the graduates’ perceptions of their level of preparedness, further training, and practice location after completing the program. Results are reported using descriptive statistics.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty respondents completed the survey (69%). Most of them identified as male (60%), White (70%), and non-Hispanic or -Latino (80%). Seventy-five percent of the graduates work in counties with fewer than 1,000,000 inhabitants, and 70% work in community hospitals and EDs caring for fewer than 100,000 patients/year. Four (20%) declared to work in critical access hospitals. Overall, respondents felt confident in their residency training.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A community-based EM training program may be an effective strategy for producing emergency physicians who go on to work in rural and smaller communities.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Residency" }, { "word": "survey" }, { "word": "Medical Education" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70p3v4qt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dylan", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Kellogg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arnot Ogden Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine & Emergency Medicine Residency, Elmira, New York; Arnot Ogden Medical Center, EMS Education Program, Elmira, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Teixeira", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arnot Ogden Medical Center, Research Division, Department of Graduate Medical Education, Elmira, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Witt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arnot Ogden Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine & Emergency Medicine Residency, Elmira, New York", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-12-29T20:01:14+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-04T02:34:10.832000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-20T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18661/galley/30057/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18661/galley/28649/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18661/galley/30057/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18455, "title": "Associations of the Need for Surgery in Emergency Department Patients with Small Bowel Obstructions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> Management strategies for small bowel obstruction (SBO) vary from conservative approaches to surgical intervention. A known complication of surgery is the subsequent adhesions that can cause recurrent SBOs, longer hospital stays, and higher treatment costs. Our primary outcome was to identify independent risk factors that are associated with the decision for surgical intervention, and our secondary outcome was to describe characteristics of visits associated with complications.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was a single-center, retrospective chart review from a large, urban university hospital. We included adult patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Rev, codes for small bowel obstruction from June 1, 2017– May 30, 2019. Eligible covariates were demographics, radiological findings, clinical presentation, past medical history, and results of radiologic testing. We identified univariate associations of outcome and then performed a multivariate logistic regression to identify independent associations of each outcome. Finally, a backwards selection was used to determine the final model. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95%confidence intervals (CI) along with the area under the curve (AUC), as appropriate.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 530 patients met the study criteria; 148 (27.9%) underwent surgery of whom 35 (6.6%) had complications. We identified seven independent associations for the decision of surgery: abdominal distension (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.10–0.62); gastrografin (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.81); previous SBO (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.26–0.66); higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.95); nasogastric decompression (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.25–3.39), initial systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.05–6.53); free fluid or volvulus/closed-loop obstruction on computed tomography (OR 7.95, 95% CI 4.25–15.39), with the AUC for the predictive model equaling 0.73.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We identified seven independent associations present in the ED associated with the decision for surgery. These associations are a step toward building better prediction models and improving decision-making in the ED, allowing for a more adequate treatment plan. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "small bowel obstruction" }, { "word": "Nasogastric Tube" }, { "word": "Gastrografin" }, { "word": "Volvulus" }, { "word": "Closed-Loop Obstruction" } ], "section": "Health Outcomes", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42m202fq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Berman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Mahler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Burke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Bennett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Shapiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Leslie", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Bilello", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-09-08T08:01:08+02:00", "date_accepted": "2024-02-29T16:54:05.402000+01:00", "date_published": "2024-11-19T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18455/galley/30051/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18455/galley/10799/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18455/galley/30051/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 18593, "title": "Emergency Medical Services Provider-Perceived Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias in the Prehospital Setting", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Our goal was to assess emergency medical services (EMS) provider-perceived Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) by patient sociodemographic characteristics and ZIP code tabulation areas (ZCTA) in the prehospital setting.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of EMS calls with patient contact for adults ≥ 65 years of age who were provided prehospital care between February 1, 2020 and January 31, 2022, using data from the San Francisco Department of Emergency Management and the 2021 American Community Survey. Logistic regression models assessed the associated between EMS providerperceived ADRD and patient sociodemographic characteristics, including age, race/ethnicity, incident location, and ZCTA-level socioeconomic status.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 55,129 patient encounters were recorded, with EMS provider-perceived ADRD recorded in 4,112 (7.5%). Among cases with EMS provider-perceived ADRD, the most common primary impressions were mental disorders (17.1%), weakness (17.0%), injury (15.7%), and pain (13.1%). Increasing age was associated with higher odds of EMS provider-perceived ADRD among both sexes. Among females, EMS provider-perceived ADRD was higher among Hispanics (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–1.52), Blacks (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.03–1.40), Asians (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.06–1.31), and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.05–2.08]), while among males, only Asians (OR 87, 95% CI .76–.99) had lower odds, all compared to Whites. Females in lowand medium-income ZCTAs had lower odds of EMS provider-perceived ADRD relative to high-income ZCTAs, with no significant findings in males.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest a higher prevalence of EMS provider-perceived Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias among minoritized and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, including the oldest adults, and racial and ethnic minority communities. Future research and more precise data collection is needed to ensure equity for older adults who access emergency care in the prehospital setting. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "none", "short_name": "none", "text": "", "url": "http://google.com" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency medical services" }, { "word": "Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias" }, { "word": "Older Adults" }, { "word": "health disparities" }, { "word": "health equity" } ], "section": "Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6cv1x8nh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Esmeralda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Melgoza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Los Angeles, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; University of California Los Angeles, Latino Policy and Politics Institute, Los Angeles, California; University of California Los Angeles, California Center for Population Research, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Valeria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cardenas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hiram", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beltrán-Sánchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Los Angeles, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; University of California Los Angeles, California Center for Population Research, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-11-20T23:54:32+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-05T16:50:31.649000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-19T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18593/galley/30052/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18593/galley/28650/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/18593/galley/30052/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 20281, "title": "Substantial Variation Exists in Clinical Exposure to Chief Complaints Among Residents Within an Emergency Medicine Training Program", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While many aspects of emergency medicine (EM) residency training are standardized among residents within a single residency program, there is no standard for the distribution of chief complaints (CC) that residents should see over the course of residency. This could result in substantial variability in each resident’s clinical exposure. Our objective in this study was to explore EM residents’ clinical exposure to CCs to determine whether substantial variation exists. If such variation exists, this could suggest the need for curricular reform to address gaps in resident clinical exposure during training.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective observational study of EM residents who graduated in the years 2016–2021 at a single, university-affiliated emergency department (ED) in the midwestern United States. All patient encounters where a CC was logged were included and categorized into 1 of 20 clinical domains based on the 2016 American Board of Emergency Medicine Model of Clinical Practice. We calculated descriptive statistics for the top 10 most encountered domains for comparison among residents.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We included a total of 228,916 patient encounters from 69 residents in the analysis. Residents were involved in an average of 3,323 distinct patient encounters during the study period. The overall interquartile range for patient encounters was 523. The three CC domains with the broadest interquartile variation were abdominal and gastrointestinal disorders (116), musculoskeletal disorders (nontraumatic)(93), and traumatic disorders (86).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within a single, three-year academic EM program, substantial variation existed among residents with regard to the variety of patient CCs seen during their residency training. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "education" }, { "word": "Efficiency" }, { "word": "Clinical Case Mix" }, { "word": "Residency" }, { "word": "program evaluation" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2406763q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Corlin", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Jewell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Hummel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin; Emergency Medicine Specialists SC, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dann", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Hekman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Schnapp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-02-26T04:07:58.863000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2024-09-30T14:58:45.551000+02:00", "date_published": "2024-11-19T15:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20281/galley/30053/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Layout", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20281/galley/28882/download/" }, { "label": "Final Article", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/20281/galley/30053/download/" } ] } ] }