Article List
API Endpoint for journals.
GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=5800
{ "count": 39506, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=5900", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=5700", "results": [ { "pk": 24451, "title": "Doing Experiments and Revising Rules with Natural Language and Probabilistic Reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We build a computational model of how humans actively infer hidden rules by doing experiments. The basic principles behind the model is that, even if the rule is deterministic, the learner considers a broader space of fuzzy probabilistic rules, which it represents in natural language, and updates its hypotheses online after each experiment according to approximately Bayesian principles. In the same framework we also model experiment design according to information-theoretic criteria. We find that the combination of these three principles -- explicit hypotheses, probabilistic rules, and online updates -- can explain human performance on a Zendo-style task, and that removing any of these components leaves the model unable to account for the data.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Concepts and categories; Problem Solving; Bayesian modeling; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1b04k0xx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Top", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Piriyakulkij", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cornell University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ellis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cornell", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24451/galley/14048/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24451/galley/21106/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21697, "title": "Do Large language Models know who did what to whom?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large Language Models (LLMs), which match or exceed human performance on many linguistic tasks, are nonetheless commonly criticized for not ‚Äúunderstanding‚Äù language. These critiques are hard to evaluate because they conflate ‚Äúunderstanding‚Äù with reasoning and common sense‚Äîabilities that, in human minds, are dissociated from language processing per se. Here, we instead focus on a form of understanding that is tightly linked to language: mapping sentence structure onto an event description of ‚Äúwho did what to whom‚Äù (thematic roles). Whereas LLMs can be directly trained to solve to this task, we asked whether they naturally learn to extract such information during their regular, unsupervised training on word prediction. In two experiments, we evaluated sentence representations in two commonly used LLMs‚ÄîBERT and GPT-2. Experiment 1 tested hidden representations distributed across all hidden units, and found an unexpected pattern: sentence pairs that had opposite (reversed) agent and patient, but shared syntax, were represented as more similar than pairs that shared the same agent and same patient, but differed in syntax. In contrast, human similarity judgments were driven by thematic role assignment. Experiment 2 asked whether thematic role information was localized to a subset of units and/or to attention heads. We found little evidence that this information was available in hidden units (with one exception). However, we found attention heads that reflected thematic roles independent of syntax. Therefore, some components within LLMs capture thematic roles, but such information exerts a much weaker influence on their sentence representations compared to its influence on human judgments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language and thought; Semantics; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35x5m9cm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Denning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaohan (Hannah)", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Snefjella", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Idan", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Blank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21697/galley/11296/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21697/galley/22090/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21606, "title": "Do large language models resolve semantic ambiguities in the same way as humans? The case of word segmentation in Chinese sentence reading", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large language models (LLMs) were trained to predict words without having explicit semantic word representations as humans do. Here we compared LLMs and humans in re-solving semantic ambiguities at the word/token level by ex-amining the case of segmenting overlapping ambiguous strings in Chinese sentence reading, where three characters ‚ÄúABC‚Äù could be segmented in either ‚ÄúAB/C‚Äù or ‚ÄúA/BC‚Äù depending on the context. We showed that although LLMs performed worse than humans, they demonstrated a similar interaction effect between segmentation structure and word frequency order, suggesting that this effect observed in humans could be accounted for by statistical learning of word/token occurrence regularities without assuming an explicit semantic word representation. Nevertheless, across stimuli LLMs' responses were not correlated with any hu-man performance or eye movement measures, suggesting differences in the underlying processing mechanisms. Thus, it is essential to understand these differences through XAI methods to facilitate LLM adoption.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Reading; Eye tracking; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sm8g139", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Weiyan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zixuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kathy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Antoni", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Chan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsiao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong University of Science & Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21606/galley/11205/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21606/galley/21999/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21406, "title": "Do large language models solve ARC visual analogies like people do?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Abstraction Reasoning Corpus (ARC) is a visual analogical reasoning test designed for humans and machines (Chollet, 2019). We compared human and large language model (LLM) performance on a new child-friendly set of ARC items. Results show that both children and adults outperform most LLMs on these tasks. Error analysis revealed a similar \"fallback\" solution strategy in LLMs and young children, where part of the analogy is simply copied. In addition, we found two other error types, one based on seemingly grasping key concepts (e.g., Inside-Outside) and the other based on simple combinations of analogy input matrices. On the whole, \"concept\" errors were more common in humans, and \"matrix\" errors were more common in LLMs. This study sheds new light on LLM reasoning ability and the extent to which we can use error analyses and comparisons with human development to understand how LLMs solve visual analogies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Analogy; Cognitive development; Reasoning; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bp4m6cf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gustaw", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Opielka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hannes", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosenbusch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Veerle", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Vijverberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Claire", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stevenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21406/galley/11005/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21406/galley/21851/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21642, "title": "Do learners make more pauses in instructional videos when taking notes?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study aimed to test the benefit of note-taking on pauses and learning in online educational videos. Participants (N = 72) were randomly assigned to one of two note-taking conditions (allowed or not) with the possibility to take pauses during a 10-minute online instructional video on the autonomic nervous system. The results did not reveal a significant correlation between note-taking and the number of pauses. Moreover, we observed no significant effect of note-taking on learning performance. However, prior knowledge and age affected significantly the relationship between pauses, note-taking and learning performance. We discuss the importance of prior knowledge and age for future research.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Human-computer interaction; Instruction and teaching; Learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70s0949g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mathieu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pinelli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LaRAC, Univ. Grenoble Alpes", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Salomé", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cojean", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Univ. Grenoble Alpes", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21642/galley/11241/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21642/galley/14550/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21642/galley/22020/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24723, "title": "Do linguistic distributional information and constituent sensorimotor similarity affect people's comprehension of novel noun-noun compounds?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Combining words in new ways is a hallmark of linguistic generativity. Previous work has shown that people's understanding of novel noun-noun combinations is influenced by the linguistic distributional information associated with a compound's constituents - words closer in semantic space are more likely to be judged as sensible/interpretable, and processed more quickly, than constituents that are further apart in semantic space. We extend this work by investigating whether two levels of linguistic distributional knowledge (first-order local co-occurrences, second-order contextual similarity), and the sensorimotor similarity of the constituents, impact people's processing effort. In two experimental studies, we found that linguistic distributional information facilitated processing of novel combinations for both shallow sensibility judgements, and deeper interpretation generation. Effects were stronger for interpretation generation, and for distributional measures, but these effects were mediated by the concrete/abstract nature of a compound's head noun. The findings support embodied theories that propose a strong role for linguistic distributional information.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Language understanding; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7g43v9tc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dermot", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lynott", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maynooth University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Louise", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Connell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maynooth University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dounia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lakhzoum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maynooth University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24723/galley/21093/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24723/galley/14321/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24723/galley/18179/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24723/galley/21093/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24128, "title": "Domain-general categorisation principles explain the prevalence of animacy and absence of colour in noun classification systems", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Animacy is prevalent in as a semantic basis for noun classification systems (i.e., grammatical gender, noun classes and classifiers), but colour is completely absent, despite its visual salience. The absence of colour in such systems is sometimes argued to suggest domain-specific constraints on what is grammatically encodable. Here, we investigate whether this tendency could instead be explained by the superior predictive power of animacy (i.e., the degree to which it predicts other features) compared to colour. In a series of experiments, we find that animacy-based noun classes are learned better than colour-based ones. However, when participants are encouraged, by manipulating predictive power, to sort images based on colour, they are worse at learning animacy-based noun classes. The results suggest the animacy bias in grammar may have its roots in domain-general categorisation principles. They further serve as evidence for the role of cognitive biases in constraining cross-linguistic variation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Language learning; Morphology; Perception; Semantics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dx4g13f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ponrawee", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Prasertsom", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Culbertson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24128/galley/13722/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24128/galley/21107/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24794, "title": "Do People Know More Than Exemplar Models Would Predict?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Exemplar models (e.g., Nosofsky 1986) provide a highly influential account of the psychology of human category learning. However, the explanatory power of exemplar models may falter when applied to behavior outside of standard laboratory paradigms (Murphy, 2016) or even within the realm of traditional category learning experiments (Conaway & Kurtz, 2016; Kurtz & Wetzel, 2021). The present research poses new challenges that test the exemplar view within its wheelhouse of artificial classification learning tasks. Learners acquired categories based on two concentric circles (inner and outer) in feature space. Similarity-matched generalization tests reveal underlying global versus item-based category representation. Implications for exemplar and abstractive formal models of category learning are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gb4r2pm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Glass", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Binghamton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kurtz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Binghamton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24794/galley/21094/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24794/galley/14392/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24794/galley/18249/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24794/galley/21094/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24733, "title": "Do Rhymes Enhance Memory Processes? Real word and pseudoword recall in rhyming conditions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Rhyme is regarded as a powerful mnemonic device that facilitates cognitive processing. Previous studies mainly examined rhyme-perception development in the case of children (e.g., Kiràly et al., 2017); thus, instead, the present research focuses on information-recall processes in the adult population. In cultural transmission processes, rhyme and memory are closely connected (cf. Kirby et al., 2008); therefore, there is a need for research investigating whether and how the adult population's recall ability is enhanced by rhymes to gain a better understanding of the rhyme‚Äìmemory relationship. The present study examines whether rhyming words are more likely to be recalled than their non-rhyming counterparts. Results suggest that rhymes affect short- and long-term consolidation of real words and pseudowords in the case of adult participants (N = 38). By gaining insight into recall processes related to rhyming, it may be possible to understand information retrieval procedures in the context of cognitive poetics.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Aesthetics; Art and Cognition; Cognitive Humanities; Language and thought; Language understanding; Memory" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b93g1fh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Klàra", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Finta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Vienna", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tecumseh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fitch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Vienna", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24733/galley/21095/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24733/galley/14331/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24733/galley/18189/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24733/galley/21095/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21600, "title": "Do Saliency-Based Explainable AI Methods Help Us Understand AI's Decisions? The Case of Object Detection AI", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Saliency-based Explainable AI (XAI) methods have been commonly used for explaining computer vision models, but whether they could indeed enhance user understanding at different levels remains unclear. We showed that for object detection AI, presenting users with AI 's output for a given input was sufficient for improving feature-level and some instance-level user understanding, particularly for false alarms, and providing saliency-based explanations did not have additional benefit. This was in contrast to previous research on image classification models where such explanations enhanced understanding. Analyses with human attention maps suggested that humans already attended to features important for AI's output in object detection and thus could infer AI's decision-making processes without saliency-based explanations. However, it did not enhance users' ability to distinguish AI's misses and hits, or system-level understanding. Therefore, the effectiveness of saliency-based explanations is task-dependent, and alternative XAI methods are required for object detection models to better enhance understanding.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Human-computer interaction; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85w091p7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ruoxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guoyang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shandong University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jindi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Huawei", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsiao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong University of Science & Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21600/galley/11199/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21600/galley/21993/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24341, "title": "Double Dissociations Emerge in a Flat Attractor Network", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Double dissociations were long considered a gold standard\nfor establishing functional modularity. However, Plaut (1995)\ndemonstrated that double dissociations could result without\nunderlying modularity. He damaged attractor networks with\nseparate orthographic and semantic layers (as well as a hid-\nden layer with feedback connections from semantics) that were\ntrained to map orthography to semantics. Damaging con-\nnections coming from either the orthographic layer or recur-\nrent semantic connections (to and from cleanup units) could\nboth yield double dissociations, with some models exhibit-\ning greater relative deficits for abstract words, and others for\nconcrete words. We investigated whether double dissocia-\ntions would emerge in a simpler attractor network with 2 sets\nof units (orthographic and semantic) and 2 layers of connec-\ntions (orthographic-to-semantic and recurrent semantic con-\nnections). Random damage to orthographic-semantic con-\nnections yielded double dissocations (some damaged mod-\nels showed stronger relative deficits for abstract words, while\nothers showed stronger relative deficits for concrete words).\nSemantic-semantic damage led only to concrete deficits. The\npresence of double dissociations given different degrees of\ndamage in each model reconfirm Plaut's (1995) findings in\nsimpler, ‚Äúflat‚Äù attractor network (O'Connor, Cree, & McRae,\n2009), with less potential for modularity. The tendency for\nconcrete impairments given damage to the semantic attractor\nlevel is at once surprising and revealing; it demonstrates a di-\nvision of labor (and partial modularity) that emerges in this\nnetwork. We will discuss theoretical implications, as well as\nnext steps in this research program.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; cognitive neuropsychology; Computational Modeling; Computational neuroscience" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94f2t1kd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ihintza", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Malharin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BCBL: Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simona", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mancini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Magnuson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Connecticut", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24341/galley/13938/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24341/galley/21108/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24380, "title": "Dual Contrastive Learning for Next POI Recommendation with Long and Short-Term Trajectory Modeling", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Next point-of-interest (POI) recommendation is a challenging task that aims to recommend the next location that a user may be interested in based on their check-in trajectories. Since users travel not only with long-term stable preferences but also with short-term dynamic interests, there is often a potential dependency between long-term and short-term preferences. Most existing works tend to mine the dependencies between long-term and short-term trajectories by contrastive learning but always ignore the negative impact of the learned dependencies on the accuracy of short-term trajectory modeling. Moreover, they often only utilize the context information of the user's trajectory, while neglecting the spatiotemporal dependencies between user trajectories. To address these issues, we proposed a novel dual contrastive learning framework DCLS. Specifically, we designed a novel dual contrastive learning scheme, for which we built two views: the first view is between the user's own long-term and short-term trajectories, and the second view is between the short-term trajectories of different users. We performed contrastive learning on both views, to learn the dependency between long-term and short-term trajectories, and improve the accuracy of trajectory modeling. We also designed a multi-class attention fusion module, which integrates the spatiotemporal influence of trajectory dependencies on user mobility, enhancing the recommendation performance. We conducted extensive experiments on three real-world datasets, which demonstrated that our model achieves advanced performance in the next POI recommendation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Sociology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Machine learning; Predictive Processing; Comparative Analysis; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9g25f3sx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Junhui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Deng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Deju", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "zhiyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Computer Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guojiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiangjie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24380/galley/13977/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24380/galley/21109/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21632, "title": "Dual Weighted Graph Convolutional Network for POI Recommendation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In recent years, with the widespread popularity of location-based social network platforms, the data generated by users on social networks has grown exponentially. There has been a growing focus on the problem of POI (Point-of-Interest) recommendations. Unlike traditional sequence recommendation that primarily considers the temporal dimension, POI recommendation needs to account for the influence of geographical information to a large extent. However, previous works in the graph construction process often only consider the places users have visited, neglecting those they haven't been to. To address this, we propose a Dual Weighted Graph Convolutional Network for POI recommendation called DualPOI. Specifically, we first leverage graph neural networks and attention mechanisms to capture users' local trajectory preferences for visited POIs. A delicately designed spatiotemporal encoder is conducted to model users' local spatiotemporal preferences. Subsequently, using a dual graph convolutional approach, we transfer the user's local preference information to a global scope, thereby modeling novel preferences for unvisited locations. Extensive experiments on four real-world datasets validate the effectiveness of our proposed method in enhancing the accuracy of POI recommendations. Comprehensive ablation studies and parameter analysis further confirm the efficacy of the proposed modules.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Predictive Processing; Big data; Knowledge representation; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x86w5pr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Deju", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Junhui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Deng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guojiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiangjie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21632/galley/11231/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21632/galley/14540/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21632/galley/22022/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24394, "title": "Dynamic Causal Graph-Based Learning Approach for Predicting Cognitive Impairment in Middle-Aged and Older Adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The increasing prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairments in the aging global population poses significant challenges to healthcare and society. Detecting cognitive impairment is crucial for managing diseases like Alzheimer's, yet current research faces limitations such as reliance on cross-sectional studies and a lack of understanding of causal relationships. In response, our study introduces a dynamic causal graph-based learning approach for predicting cognitive impairment risk in middle-aged and older adults. Employing a longitudinal perspective, we uncover causal structures through causal discovery methods, offering profound insights into cognitive changes over time. Our model, utilizing dynamic input variables, outperforms traditional algorithms while enhancing interpretability. This innovative approach not only improves prediction accuracy but also contributes to a deeper comprehension of the causal mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment. The longitudinal insight offers a comprehensive understanding of evolving factors associated with cognitive changes, making our model valuable for both research and practical applications.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Causal reasoning; Cognition of Time; Cognitive architectures; Dynamic Systems Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gm9n38h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Linna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xinyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yunyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhenchao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lihua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Li", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ziliang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Li", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science, Sichuan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24394/galley/13991/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24394/galley/21110/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24311, "title": "Dynamic Graph Convolution Based on Functional Neuroimaging Priors for EEG Mental Fatigue Recognition on Cross-subject", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Mental fatigue among drivers is a primary factor in many traffic accidents. Electroencephalography (EEG), which directly measures neurophysiological activities in the brain, is commonly used for fatigue recognition. However, cross-subject research in fatigue recognition using EEG faces challenges such as low spatial resolution and significant individual variability. Inspired by neuroscience, a dynamic graph convolution learning from functional neuroimaging (FNI-DGCNN) is proposed, making up for EEG's low spatial resolution. We first use a multi-scale spatiotemporal learning block to extract EEG features with attention allocation, then initialize the adjacency matrix based on prior knowledge about fatigue recognition mechanisms from functional neuroimaging, use the extracted features and the adjacency matrix to initialize the graph, and finally use dynamic graph convolution further to study the intrinsic functional connectivity of mental fatigue. The proposed method achieves an accuracy of 88.89% among 17 subjects, outperforming existing EEG models for cross-subject.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Attention; Electroencephalography (EEG); Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b22p665", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Man", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jianxiu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xubin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Guangdong Telecom Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zirui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China University of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "LIN", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "SHU", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China University of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24311/galley/13907/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24311/galley/21111/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21476, "title": "Dynamic Processes of Learning Words from Context", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Often the only source of information for learning a word is its surrounding language context. For example, even without seeing a rambutan, one can learn that it is a fruit just from hearing ‚ÄúI like sweet, juicy rambutans‚Äù. What processes foster learning words from context? We investigated candidate processes that can unfold when the context precedes a new word and can foster learning via prediction, versus when the context occurs after and can only be used retroactively. We particularly sought to illuminate a role for working memory in linking a new word to the meaning implied by its context. Experiment 1 probed word learning during reading with eye tracking, and Experiment 2 probed word learning from speech. We found convergent evidence that regardless of whether the context precedes or follows a new word, word learning depends on maintaining the context in working memory while linking it to a new word.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language learning; Predictive Processing; Reading; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mh7j94t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Layla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Unger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vladimir", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sloutsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21476/galley/11075/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21476/galley/21921/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24139, "title": "Dynamics and Sociality of Synchronized Arousal between Dancer and Audience in Breakdance Battle Scenes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigated heart rate synchronization (synchronized arousal) between performers and audience in a real-life dance battle. Although similar phenomena have been observed in some rituals, no studies have been conducted on art performances, such as dance and music. We organized a dance battle and measured the heart rate of both the dancers and the audience during the actual performance. The degree of heart rate synchronization was calculated using cross-recurrence plot/cross-recurrence quantification analysis. The results show that 1) heart rate synchronization between the dancers and audience does occur in dance battles, 2) the degree of heart rate synchronization varies depending on the social relationship between the dancers and audience, and 3) the degree of heart rate synchronization dynamically changes as the performance progresses. These findings suggest that embodied, physiological, and social aspects are involved in the process of performance sharing and appreciation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Art and Cognition; Dance; Embodied Cognition; Interactive behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vb772z8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daichi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shimizu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Human Development and Environment", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shuhei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsuchida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ochanomizu University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ayumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ohnishi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kobe University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tsutomu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Terada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kobe University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Masahiko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsukamoto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kobe University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24139/galley/13735/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24139/galley/21112/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21654, "title": "Dynamic self-efficacy as a computational mechanism of mania emergence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental health condition characterized by large fluctuations in goal-directed energy and mood. BD is defined by the presence of at least one lifetime episode of mania, a prolonged period of excessive goal-directed behavior, hyperactivity and elevated mood. Previous computational models of BD have primarily focused on explaining mood fluctuations in mania, placing less emphasis on goal-directed symptoms. In this work, we use reinforcement learning (RL), a principled model of goal-directed behavior and learning, to show how augmenting RL agents with \\textit{dynamic self-efficacy beliefs} can give rise to goal-directed and mood symptoms characteristic of the mania phase of BD. Our simulations demonstrate that a model-free RL agent that dynamically updates its self-efficacy beliefs learns optimistic overgeneralized value representations. We suggest that these representations may underlie several behaviors associated with mania, such as increased motivational drive and faster initiation of approach behavior (i.e. impatience). We further show that agents with more sensitive self-efficacy beliefs display increased willingness to exert effort in order to achieve higher goals even in the face of costs, a characteristic that is observed in individuals at risk for BD. Finally, unrealistically high self-efficacy beliefs that emerged with learning were accompanied by behaviors such as distractibility and compulsive action selection that have clinical parallels to symptoms of mania.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Emotion Disorder; Machine learning; Skill acquisition and learning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78m0779f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Radulescu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21654/galley/11253/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21654/galley/14562/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21654/galley/22023/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21338, "title": "Dynamics of Analogical Retrieval: Evaluating Spontaneous Access by Reversing the Traditional Presentation Order of Analogs during a Hypothesis-Generation Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Analogical studies demonstrate that participants often fail to retrieve a well-learned base analog during the subsequent processing of a semantically-distant target analog. We evaluated whether presenting the target analog before the base analog increases analogical retrieval during hypothesis-generation. Experiment 1 revealed a higher rate of analogical retrieval when the target analog preceded the base analog, as compared to the traditional ‚Äúbase-target‚Äù sequence. Using a factorial design, Experiment 2 assessed whether spontaneously acknowledging the relevance of a subsequently encountered explanation for resuming a failed explanatory attempt requires the presence of structural similarities between the base and target situations. Results demonstrated that the primary contributor to spontaneous reactivation of a failed explanatory attempt is the presentation of an analogous phenomenon, while the presence of a useful explanation alone did not yield a significant impact. These findings contribute valuable insights to the dynamics of analogical retrieval and offer relevant implications for educational strategies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Analogy; Causal reasoning; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1fs760kx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Leandro", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Rivas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "IPEHCS, CONICET-UNCo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sabina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CONICET-UNCo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maximo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trench", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CONICET-UNCo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21338/galley/10937/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21338/galley/21783/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21474, "title": "Dynamics of Causal Attribution", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Attribution theory aims to explain people's judgments about the cause of some behavior or outcome, often involving other people. The theory has proven to be broadly applicable and points towards important aspects of human cognition. This relevance is perhaps unsurprising given that attribution theory is a type of causal inference. However, there has been relatively little work on attribution theory in relation to causal learning. More specifically, previous literature has mostly examined attributions and their behavioral and motivational outcomes following a single observation, rather than capturing the dynamics of causal attribution (i.e., how those judgments shift as people observe more vignettes and thereby learn about the situation). We thus ran an exploratory study using a vignette design to investigate whether attributions and their outcomes change across multiple instances of observation and behavior adaptation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Learning; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c14g80s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kulzhabayeva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "Jay", "last_name": "Williams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Danks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21474/galley/11073/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21474/galley/21919/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21332, "title": "Dynamics of memory search", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans engage in a wide variety of search behaviors during their lifetime. These search behaviors may be external such as foraging for food in the wild, or searching for mates, or internal, such as searching for concepts in memory. Decades of work on search processes among humans has suggested that these two types of search behaviors share common characteristics and physiological mechanisms. Despite this progress, understanding the dynamics of internal search is an ongoing challenge in the field.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Creativity; Evolution; Interactive behavior; Memory; Natural Language Processing; Semantic memory; Semantics; Social cognition; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Large Lan" } ], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/91m9z60q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Abhilasha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kumar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bowdoin College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cynthia", "middle_name": "S.Q.", "last_name": "Siew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Singapore", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Todd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University, Bloomington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kenett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technion - Israel Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21332/galley/10931/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21332/galley/21777/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24649, "title": "Dynamics of spontaneous thoughts and its link to the attentional profile", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is known to be associated with racing thoughts. Christoff et al. (2016) posit that the main determinant of the dynamics of spontaneous thoughts is the presence of constraints on cognition, be it automatic or deliberate. In the present project, we operationalized the unfolding of spontaneous thoughts with a word generation paradigm (Andrews-Hanna et al., 2021; Benedek et al., 2012; Jung, 1910): participants had to generate series of 10-30 words aloud, following a metronome. We set out to contrast two levels of constraint on associations (strong and weak) to test their impact on the dynamics of thoughts, and to relate it to sub-clinical ADHD-like symptomatology. Using reaction times and semantic metrics, we show that the participants who scored higher on an ADHD diagnostic questionnaire produced words that were less related, but only in the \"weak constraint\" condition - akin to free thoughts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Consciousness; Language and thought; Verbal protocol studies" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9cm9f088", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adrien", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kérébel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jerome", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sackur", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24649/galley/21113/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24649/galley/14247/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24649/galley/18038/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24649/galley/21113/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21545, "title": "Early Threads of Connection: Probing Infants' Early Understandings of Caregiving Relationships", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite the centrality of caregiving relationships in the lives of infants, little is known about whether and how infants represent these relationships characterized by strong attachment and asymmetry in obligation and skills. The current studies (N=95) investigate whether 8-to-10-month-old infants attend to two cues‚Äîaffiliative touch and physical size‚Äîto predict who will respond to distress. In Study 1 (n=49), infants expected larger characters to respond to the emotional needs of smaller characters, only when they saw affiliative touch (proportion looking time at large character: BF10=6.72). In Study 2 (n=46), they did not expect smaller characters to respond to larger characters (proportion looking time: BF10=0.17), suggesting they expect asymmetrical roles in caregiving relationships. Collectively, these findings suggest that humans have an early-emerging ability to recognize key relationships in their social world.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Concepts and categories; Development; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6v08d2h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Steele", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Richardson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Azwayla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Taylor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Denis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tatone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ashley", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Thomas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21545/galley/11144/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21545/galley/14621/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21545/galley/21114/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21547, "title": "ECKT: Enhancing Code Knowledge Tracing via Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Code Knowledge Tracing (CKT) aims to model students' programming proficiency from their coding activities. Existing approaches mainly rely on answer records and lack problem descriptions and knowledge concepts, which fail to capture the inherent information. To solve this problem, we propose ECKT, an Enhanced Code Knowledge Tracing framework using Large Language Models (LLMs), which simulate human cognitive process through chain-of-thought prompting and adapts quickly to new tasks with limited data using few-shot learning. Specifically, ECKT generates detailed problem descriptions and knowledge concepts from student code, enhancing the model's understanding of programming concepts and proficiency. Additionally, ECKT incorporates task difficulty information by correlating problems with difficulty levels based on student performance scores. This integration allows for a more accurate assessment of student proficiency across varying levels of difficulty. Also, ECKT can explicitly capture the essential information of code and learn a better representation of them. Experimental results demonstrate that ECKT effectively improves the performance of knowledge tracing in programming education. This advancement not only supports personalized learning but also contributes to a deeper understanding of coding activities.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Education; Skill acquisition and learning; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8001b5mp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yingbo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yaokang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Huawei company", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yutong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ye", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Liangyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mingsong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "East China Normal University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21547/galley/11146/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21547/galley/14623/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21547/galley/21115/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24094, "title": "Ecological relativity of spatial cognition: Humans think about space egocentrically in urban environments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans make sense of space in a variety of ways. We can locate the world relative to our bodies, for instance, and thus adopt an 'egocentric' frame of reference for space. Or we can locate the world relative to an external frame of reference --- the cardinal directions, perhaps, or salient geographical features such as mountains. Across contexts and cultures, people vary in the frame of reference they adopt to think and communicate about space. Here, we test an explanation of this diversity: Egocentric encoding is encouraged by dense urban environments, particularly when reasoning about small-scale space. We constructed a corpus of three decades of published studies of cross-cultural variation in spatial frames of reference (N > 7,000 participants). Multilevel Bayesian models confirmed that egocentric encoding is more common in cities (vs. rural environments) and for small-scale space. Our conceptualization of space is shaped by the spaces we inhabit.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Anthropology; Language and thought; Spatial cognition; Cross-cultural analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5qh5b8vw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marghetis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Merced", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alyssa", "middle_name": "Viviana", "last_name": "Ortega", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Merced", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Holmes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Reed College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24094/galley/13688/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24094/galley/21116/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24324, "title": "EEG-Based Emotion Recognition via Convolutional Transformer with Class Confusion-Aware Attention", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Currently, emotion recognition based on electroencephalograms (EEGs) has a wide range of applications. Although many approaches have been proposed for automatic emotion recognition with favorable performance, there are still several challenges: (1) how to sufficiently model the long- and short-term temporal feature discrepancies and redundant spatial information of EEGs and (2) how to alleviate the negative impact of the ambiguity of emotion classes. To tackle these issues, we propose the CSET-CCA, a novel framework for EEG-based emotion recognition. The feature extractor of this model combines the 1D convolutional neural network (CNN), channel Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) module and transformer. It can extract the temporal features of EEG signals from local and global perspectives and select the critical channels in emotion recognition. Moreover, to adaptively perceive the confusion degrees of classes and increase the model's attention on confusing emotion classes, we design class confusion-aware (CCA) attention. We evaluate the CSET-CCA with the SEED and SEED-V datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Emotion Perception; Pattern recognition; Electroencephalography (EEG); Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21p105jn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jiahui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chenyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24324/galley/13920/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24324/galley/21117/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24004, "title": "Effect of Fatigue on Word Production in Aphasia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Speech production in aphasia is often described as ‚Äúeffortful‚Äù, though the consequences of consistent, high degrees of cognitive effort have not been explored. Using recent work on mental effort as a theoretical framework, the present study examined how effort-related fatigue produces decrements in performance in picture naming among participants with post-stroke aphasia. We analyzed three data sets from prior studies where participants completed a large picture naming test. Decreasing naming accuracy across trials was statistically significant in two of the three samples. There were also significant effects of practice (better performance on a second test administration), word frequency (better performance for more frequent words), and word length (better performance for shorter words). These results are the first concrete demonstration of fatigue affecting performance on a language task in post-stroke aphasia. They open a new avenue for research on mental effort/fatigue with potential implications for aphasia assessment, treatment, and management.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Other; Psychology; cognitive neuropsychology; Language Production" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zp4q283", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mirman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krason", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Malathi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thothathiri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "George Washington University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Middleton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24004/galley/13598/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24004/galley/21118/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24294, "title": "Effect of similarity and training experiences on new vocabulary learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In two experiments (N = 179), we studied the effect of contextual similarity and training mode on new vocabulary learning. Adult participants were trained on blocks of items that were semantically similar, phonologically similar, or unrelated to one another. Each participant was trained through passive exposure, active comprehension, or active production of the new vocabulary. Exp 1 trained items in clusters of 9, whereas Exp 2 trained the same number of items in clusters of 3. Exp 2 also assessed delayed retention 48-72 hours after training. Results showed a robust and negative impact of semantic similarity and production mode on vocabulary learning. A detrimental effect of phonological similarity was only observed in the delayed test. These results suggest that adding the challenge of resolving similarity-induced competition and articulating the word-form negatively impacts the quick acquisition of new vocabulary.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language learning; Language Production" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85r106kk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Waller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yurovsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carnegie Mellon University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nazbanou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nozari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24294/galley/13890/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24294/galley/21119/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24766, "title": "Effect of word length on updating working memory contents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Though working memory deals with different types of contents, the vast majority of studies on working memory updating have been conducted on non-sense syllables and numbers. The present study aims to understand the updating process of words, particularly, whether word length increases the response latencies for updating. The study hypothesized updating of longer words to be more time consuming than shorter words. A modified version of the working memory updating paradigm proposed by Artuso & Palladino (2011) is used for the study. A within-subject experimental design was employed. Repeated measures ANOVA of response latencies across conditions of 3,4 and 5 letter word updating, found no significant differences in reaction times on the basis of word length. The involvement of chunking and other long term memory processes can be cited as the reason for this.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Memory; Semantic memory; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43g773hx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baburaj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24766/galley/21120/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24766/galley/14364/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24766/galley/18221/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24766/galley/21120/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24426, "title": "Effects of Bilingualism on Sustained Attention and Inhibition: A Bayesian Enquiry", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study examines the general claim that bilingualism leads to a facilitatory effect on cognitive control. Repeatedly resolving conflict between simultaneously active representations is thought to spill over into other domains involving conflict resolution. Recent literature indicates that the effects of bilingualism on executive functions need examination with a more comprehensive characterization of bilingualism and the use of multiple measures of executive control (Backer & Bortfeld, 2021; K. R. Paap & Greenberg, 2013). Here, we operationalize bilingualism as a set of continuous variables related to language knowledge and use. Next, we employ Bayesian regression analyses to assess the evidence for the null i.e., the lack of an effect of bilingualism. We aimed to address arguments in favor of an advantage that appeal to the measurement of bilingualism, task-specificity of the effect, and the methodological issues that exist with widely used tasks such as the Simon, Stroop or Flanker (K. R. Paap, Anders-Jefferson, Zimiga, Ma- son, & Mikulinsky, 2020). We assess the effects of bilingualism under a newly specified mechanism of attentional control (Bialystok & Craik, 2022), specifically in sustained attention. We administer new tasks, developed to be psychometrically sound and an improvement to existing measures of attentional control by Draheim, Tsukahara, Martin, Mashburn, and Engle. Two sustained attention tasks, along with two versions of the Flanker task were administered. The null model was the best model (with the greatest posterior probability) for all tasks. Bilingualism-related characteristics failed to show reliable influence for both sustained attention tasks. Even for ‚Äùimproved measures‚Äù less susceptible to methodological flaws related to RT impurity and processing confounds, the best model was the null model. The results imply that the source of null effects is not the inadequate choice of inhibition as an explanatory mechanism. We conclude that bilingualism does not have coherent and consistent effects on cognitive control (specified as either inhibition or sustained attention) and the lack of an effect is not specific to the type of conflict involved in a task or its reliance on reaction times.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Attention; Multilingualism; Bayesian modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9677b6z4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Moulshree", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rana", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24426/galley/14023/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24426/galley/21121/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24190, "title": "Effects of causal structure and evidential impact on probabilistic reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We compare two perspectives on base-rate neglect (Kahneman\n& Tversky, 1973) in probabilistic judgment. The evidential\nimpact perspective derives it from humans' focus on the\nimpact of evidence on belief, rather than conditional probabilities.\nThe Causal Models perspective derives it from humans'\ninability to integrate information that is causally opaque,\nas base-rates often are in such experiments. Because causal\nand evidential-impact relations are often concomitant and confounded,\nwe designed an experiment that specifically teases\napart their respective influence on probabilistic judgment. Our\nresults support a combination of the two perspectives, with\ncausal transparency influencing the degree to which one engages\nin evidential impact reasoning strategies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Reasoning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g56p16z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Can", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Konuk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institut Jean Nicod", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Navarre", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Salvador", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mascarenhas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ecole Normale Supérieure", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24190/galley/13786/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24190/galley/21122/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24170, "title": "Effects of Context on the Use of Descriptive Verbs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Action descriptions can include or omit various types of information. In this paper, we are interested in the inclusion of manner in verbs. We use the concept of descriptive verbs, first introduced by Snell-Hornby (1983), and hypothesise that the use of descriptive verbs is reliant on having enough context to determine if the descriptive verb is correct and preferred as opposed to a more general non-descriptive verb. We conduct two online experiments in which participants are asked to indicate their preference for a verb after seeing varying amounts of textual and visual context. Our results show that textual context does not contribute to verb choice. However, we find evidence that videos contain information which creates agreement between participants, suggesting there are objective reasons to choose a descriptive or non-descriptive verb.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Action; Language Production; Pragmatics; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0r57g7sg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Radina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dobreva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Frank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Keller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Birch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24170/galley/13766/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24170/galley/21123/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24497, "title": "Effects of culture relatedness on bilingual emotional responses to words: Insights from word norms and event-related potentials (ERPs)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study introduces culture relatedness of words as a novel variable and explores its impact on emotional responses of English-Mandarin bilinguals living in the UK, where their second language (L2) is dominant. First, we conducted a norming study to identify emotive words related to participants' native (e.g., bamboo) and residential (e.g., scones) cultures. We then used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine whether culture relatedness affects emotional responses to words presented in L1 and L2. We were particularly interested in investigating whether the well-established emotional distance from L2 may be due to cultural distance, and whether concepts related to one's native culture in L2 may enhance affective responses. Initial evidence from ongoing data analyses seems to suggest an interaction of culture relatedness and emotional valance on affective responses. This research offers new insights into the interplay of language, culture, and emotion in bilingual contexts, examining how cultural salience modulates emotional responses.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; cognitive neuropsychology; Emotion; Multilingualism; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6f83f4qd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yanxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lancaster University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kate", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lancaster University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lancaster University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francesca", "middle_name": "M M", "last_name": "Citron", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lancaster University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24497/galley/14094/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24497/galley/21124/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21401, "title": "Effects of Discrimination Difficulty on Peak Shift and Generalization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper, we test the effect of manipulating discrimination difficulty on subsequent generalization of learning and in particular, on the peak shift effect. Participants learned a discrimination where one stimulus led to an outcome (S+) and another stimulus led to no outcome (S-). Difficulty was manipulated by varying the degree of similarity between the S+ and S- across groups (easy/medium/hard). In contrast to similar studies in animals, we found that increasing the difficulty of the discrimination resulted in less peak shift. Using a hierarchical mixture model, we characterize the effects of discrimination difficulty on relational- and similarity based responding, and show for the first time, a similar mixture of responding on stimulus identification gradients. We conclude that peak shift on generalization and identification measures can be explained by mixtures of participants responding in different ways.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Animal cognition; Learning; Perception; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4br7d85x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sydney", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tamara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cahyadi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Macquarie University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lovibond", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New South Wales", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "René", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schlegelmilch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bremen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21401/galley/11000/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21401/galley/21846/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21612, "title": "Effects of Dynamic Facial Expressions of Positive and Negative Emotions on Recognition Memory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Learning with dynamic facial expressions often results in higher face recognition performance than with static images. However, few studies have used both positive and negative facial expressions to investigate the effects of dynamic facial expression information on recognition memory. The present study examined whether the effect of dynamic facial expressions depends on the type of facial expression used during the learning and recognition phases. Participants viewed individuals with smiling or angry expressions in either static or dynamic images in a learning session. Participants then performed a recognition task using static images with neutral, angry, or smiling expressions. The results showed that when tested with the neutral static faces, the advantage of the dynamic expression was observed regardless of the facial expression during learning (Experiment 1). However, when tested with the angry static faces, the dynamic expression advantage was not observed, but the recognition performance was better for the faces learned with the angry static faces (i.e., identical to the faces in the recognition task) (Experiment 2). In the recognition task with the static smiling faces, the advantage of dynamic expression was again observed in addition to the emotion congruency effect (i.e., better performance for the faces learned with the smiling expression) (Experiment 3). These results suggest that the effect of dynamic facial expression information on recognition depends on the type of facial expression during learning and recognition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Face Processing; Memory; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6wp023sg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wakui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Waseda University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kae", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Waseda University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chihiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saegusa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kao Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haruko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sugiyama", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kao Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsuchiya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kao Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Misaki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kawashima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kao Corporation.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katsumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Watanabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Waseda University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21612/galley/11211/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21612/galley/22005/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21701, "title": "Effects of ease of comprehension and individual differences on the pleasure experienced while reading novelized verb-based metaphors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People generally seek to minimize effort, including cognitive effort, but poetic language can be pleasurable while requiring effort to understand. The ‚Äòoptimal innovation hypothesis' holds that this paradoxical relationship arises when a non-default interpretation is required and the default interpretation is easily available for comparison. A recent study of ease and pleasure during reading novel variations of familiar verb-based metaphors was partially consistent with this prediction. The present study replicated that pattern of partial support and examined how it is correlated with individual differences in verbal ability, personality (emotionality and openness to experience), and lifestyle/experience (engagement with creative hobbies). Correlations with individual differences tended to be very small and not statistically significant, with two exceptions. First, participants with better verbal ability tended to rate metaphors easier to understand, particularly for familiar metaphors, and a similar pattern was observed for the ‚Äòopenness to experience' personality trait. Second, there was a positive association between engagement with creative hobbies and pleasure ratings specifically for the critical ‚Äòoptimal' extension metaphors. These results provide a robust basis for future research on the aesthetic experience of metaphors and literary language in general.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Aesthetics; Cognitive Humanities; Language understanding; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2531w7kx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Errington", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thye", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Annie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mirman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21701/galley/11300/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21701/galley/22094/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24270, "title": "Effects of Eye Movement Patterns and Scene-Object Relations on Description Production", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigates whether fixation behaviour during scene viewing can offer insights into sequentialisation in verbal scene description production. We explored the correlation between visual and linguistic attention on naturalistic scenes using scene descriptions and eye movement measures. Results demonstrate an overlap in object prioritization during scene viewing and describing. Our additional analysis of scene descriptions reveals a tendency towards selecting and prioritizing category-specific objects.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Attention; Language Production; Vision; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7485r3f1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pelin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Celikkol", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Potsdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schlangen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Potsdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jochen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Laubrock", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Potsdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24270/galley/13866/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24270/galley/21125/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24386, "title": "EFMLNet: Fusion Model Based on End-to-End Mutual Information Learning for Hybrid EEG-fNIRS Brain-Computer Interface Applications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), both portable and non-invasive, enhance brain-computer interface (BCI) performance by integrating their spatial and temporal benefits when combined together. However, the fusion of these two signals still faces challenges. To fully unitize the complementarity of EEG and fNIRS for improved performance in EEG-fNIRS BCI, we propose an EEG-fNIRS fusion network based on end-to-end mutual information learning, named EFMLNet. In the model, EEG and fNIRS data are fed into their respective feature extractors for the extraction of temporal and spatial information. Furthermore, their complementary information is fused by two parallel mutual learning modules. We conducted classification experiments on a publicly available BCI dataset based on motor imagery (MI) task and achieved a cross-subject classification accuracy of 71.52%. This result surpasses the performance of most existing fusion methods and demonstrates the potential for real-time hybrid BCI systems.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Electroencephalography (EEG); fNIRS; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42w9t51s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Weisen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zuorui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ying", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiahui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South China Normal University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24386/galley/13983/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24386/galley/21126/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21549, "title": "Emblems and Improvised Gestures are Structured to Guide their Own Detection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Emblems (also called conventional gestures) are a powerful, yet often overlooked part of humans' communicative tool-kit. These gestures rapidly express encapsulated messages, such as waving a hand to greet someone and shoulder shrugging to reveal a lack of knowledge. We hypothesized that emblems are shaped by a universal pressure to reveal their communicative purpose, and they should therefore be unconfounded with movement typically produced to accomplish non-communicative goals. We present evidence for this hypothesis using a novel dataset of over 250 emblems from around the world: Over 95% of these gestures have forms that support observers' inferences, suggesting that emblems are shaped to ease observers' inferential burden. Finally, in a gesture-creation experiment, we show that these inference-guiding features emerge spontaneously without the need for observer feedback or cultural transmission. Taken together, these complementary approaches provide insight into how goal inferential processes may explain the shape of communicative actions across cultures.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Computational Modeling; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ps9p7qq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amanda", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Royka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gwyneth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heuser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Allendale Columbia School", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marieke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schouwstra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kirby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jara-Ettinger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21549/galley/11148/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21549/galley/14625/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21549/galley/21127/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21357, "title": "Emergence of certainty representations for guiding concept learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Previous research has shown that our subjective sense of certainty doesn't always accurately reflect the strength of the evidence that has been presented to us. We investigate several key factors that drive children's certainty using a Boolean concept learning task. We created an idealized learning model to predict children's accuracy and certainty during the experiment, given past evidence that they have seen in the task, and we compared its predictions with our behavioral results. Our results suggest that while predictors from the idealized learning model capture children's accuracy, behavioral predictors generated by the behavioral data can better predict children's certainty. We also show that younger children's certainty can be explained by the idealized learning model, while older children's certainty is primarily predicted by how well they observed themselves doing in the experiment.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Development; Language learning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wq6g5px", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Huiwen Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Louis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Carolyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aaraam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Granera", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Holly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Palmeri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Celeste", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kidd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21357/galley/10956/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21357/galley/21802/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21666, "title": "Emergent Communication with Stack-Based Agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Emergent communication (EC) is the field that seeks to understand the mechanisms behind the emergence and evolution of natural language. In EC, the de facto standard has been using sequential architectures that have not explicitly incorporated the \"tree-structured hierarchy\" inherent in human language. This study utilizes a stack-based model called RL-SPINN, which learns tree structures through reinforcement learning without ground-truth parsing data, and acquires sentence representations according to these structures. We use this model as the basis for the understanding agents and investigate the extent to which the inductive bias of an architecture that explicitly utilizes tree structures affects the emergent language. The experimental results show that the emergent language generated by our model exhibits higher communication accuracy than those generated by other baselines in some settings. This work is the first to focus on the tree-structured hierarchy of language and suggests new directions for future research in EC.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Linguistics; Other; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25s574wc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daichi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kato", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ueda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Naradowsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yusuke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miyao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21666/galley/11265/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21666/galley/14574/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21666/galley/22024/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24346, "title": "Emergent Mental Lexicon Functions in ChatGPT", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Traditional theories of the human mental lexicon posit dedicated mechanisms of processing that develop as sustained functions of brain and mind. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a new approach in which lexical functions emerge from the learning and processing of sequences in contexts. We prompted lexical functions in ChatGPT and compared numeric responses with averaged human data for a sample of 390 words for a range of lexical variables, some derived from corpus analyses and some from Likert ratings. ChatGPT responses were moderately to highly correlated with mean values, more so for GPT-4 versus GPT-3.5, and responses were sensitive to context and human inter-rater reliability. We argue that responses were not recalled from memorized training data but were instead soft-assembled from more general-purpose representations. Emergent functions in LLMs offer a new approach to modeling language and cognitive processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5m9098b5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kello", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Merced", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Polyphony", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Bruna", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Merced", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24346/galley/13943/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24346/galley/21128/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24809, "title": "Emergent social transmission of model-based representations without inference", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Various methods for social learning have been proposed within the reinforcement learning framework. These methods involve the social transmission of information within specific representational formats like policies, value, or world models. However, transmission of higher-level, model-based representations typically require costly inference (i.e., mentalizing) to ``unpack'' observable actions into putative mental states (e.g., with inverse reinforcement learning). Here, we investigate cheaper, non-mentalizing alternatives to social transmission of model-based representations that bias the statistics of experience to ``hijack'' asocial mechanisms for learning of environments. We simulate a spatial foraging task where a na√Øve learner learns alone or through observing a pre-trained expert. We test model-free vs. model-based learning together with simple non-mentalizing social learning strategies. Through analysis of generalization when the expert can no longer be observed and through correspondence between expert and learner representations, we show how simple social learning mechanisms can give rise to complex forms of cultural transmission.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Interactive behavior; Social cognition; Agent-based Modeling; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n99r1w4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bautista", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryutaro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uchiyama", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tübingen AI Center", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Claudio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tennie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charley", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24809/galley/21129/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24809/galley/14407/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24809/galley/18264/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24809/galley/21129/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24020, "title": "Emotional significance in Cross-Cultural Semantic Crossmodal Correspondences", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Crossmodal correspondences are associations between perceptual features from different senses that aid in crossmodal binding. The semantic coding of these correspondences is expected to capture and mediate the emergence of perceptual crossmodal correspondences. However, the cross-cultural nature of such semantic coding has not been thoroughly studied. This research involved five languages across three different linguistic families (English, Dutch, Turkish, Chinese and Italian). Using distributional semantics, modality exclusivity norms and emotional lexicons, networks were constructed to represent semantic crossmodal correspondences and assess their relationship with Valence, Arousal and Dominance. Results indicate that emotions, particularly Valence and Dominance, play pivotal roles in shaping the structure of semantic crossmodal correspondences networks across languages. Moreover, the findings reveal that some types of semantic crossmodal correspondences might be shared among different languages in various language families, suggesting shared cognitive processes. This supports the significance of emotions as fundamental components in semantic crossmodal correspondences. Additionally, the study provides evidence supporting shared crossmodal correspondences among languages and cultures.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emotion Perception; Natural Language Processing; Semantic memory; Sensory Processing; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sc9n8q9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jorge", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alvarado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Pontificia Universidad Javeriana", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24020/galley/13614/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24020/galley/21131/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24284, "title": "Emotion, Belief, and the Words of the Law", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An assertion about a fact can in principle be tested in observations. That is impossible for assertions about what is permissible or obligatory, i.e., deontic assertions based on moral principles, conventions, rules, or laws. Many modal logics concern these matters. But an integrated theory of emotions and reasoning predicts that emotional reactions and strength of belief should be correlated for deontic assertions, but not for factual assertions. You can be convinced that it is wrong to take paperclips from the office, and that it is right for society to provide health care for everyone, and your emotional response to these two assertions is likely to correlate with the strength of your beliefs in them. In contrast, you can be convinced both that fresh snow is white and that fossil fuels are making the world hotter, but have an emotional reaction to only the second of these assertions. Grounds for factual assertions are empirical findings. But assessments of deontic assertions depend in part on the emotions that they elicit. Previous studies have corroborated this prediction for moral claims, matters of convention, prudential rules, and personal recommendations. We report two experiments that yield the same interaction for legal pronouncements from the Italian Civil Code compared with parallel factual assertions. People like propositions they believe, and they believe propositions they like. We discuss several remaining unknowns including the potential role of emotions in reasoning about legal and other deontic propositions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Reasoning; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cf402xj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Monica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bucciarelli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Università di Torino", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Phil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson-Laird", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24284/galley/13880/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24284/galley/21130/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24765, "title": "Encoding a Secondary Intention can Increase Aftereffects in Prospective Memory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The influence exerted by no longer relevant intentions that have been successfully executed or cancelled is called aftereffects. The current study investigated the effect of encoding a secondary intention on the aftereffects of non-relevant prospective intentions. The study used an active phase-finished phase paradigm with participants randomly assigned to either experimental or control conditions. In the experimental condition, participants encoded a secondary intention in the finished phase of the task. In the control condition, participants did not encode any additional instructions. Commission errors and response latencies were analysed in the finished phase for fulfilled intentions or encoded but unfulfilled intentions. Independent sample t-tests found significant (p<0.05) differences between experimental and control groups. Suspended cues displayed a higher accessibility due to anticipatory monitoring and pending response action, and also resulted in more commission errors in comparison to repeat cues.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Memory; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2ng8k00g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Snigdha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ayyagari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24765/galley/21132/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24765/galley/14363/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24765/galley/18220/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24765/galley/21132/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 23987, "title": "Encoding discourse structure information during language comprehension: Evidence from web-based visual world paradigm experiments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study explores the way discourse structure information is used during encoding of linguistic representations, using the distinction between main and subordinate information as a case study. We use the two contrasting constructions: (a) ‚ÄúThe singers\\textsubscript{MAIN} who admired the violinists\\textsubscript{MAIN} invited their mentors to the party‚Äù; (b) ‚ÄúThe singers\\textsubscript{MAIN}, who admired the violinists\\textsubscript{SUBORDINATE}, invited their mentors to the party.‚Äù While both contain discourse-main information, (b) includes discourse-subordinate information in the clause ``who admired \\textit{the violinists}.‚Äù Importantly, \\textit{the singers} and \\textit{the violinists} are both plausible antecedents for \\textit{their}, but the overlap in discourse-information between the two NPs differs: (a) overlap ({MAIN, MAIN}); (b) no overlap ({MAIN, SUBORDINATE}). Through two web-based eye-tracking experiments using a visual world paradigm, we find that this overlap leads to competition between the two NPs, evidenced by eye-gaze differences, (a) < (b). We also find that this effect manifests early, even before retrieval, i.e., before pronoun resolution.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Discourse; Language understanding; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m93r04n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sanghee", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/23987/galley/13581/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/23987/galley/21133/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24051, "title": "Engaging Nonverbal Theory-of-Mind Boosts Novel Word Retention in Adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Theory-of-mind (ToM) plays a critical role in early language acquisition. However, whether ToM continues to support word learning in adults is unknown. This study tests whether engaging nonverbal ToM assists novel word encoding and retention. We examined young adults word learning in direct-mapping and pragmatically-inferred contexts. Each word learning block for each context was proceeded by a brief, non-verbal animation that either primed the ToM system or did not engage ToM. We found that initial pragmatically-inferred meaning mapping was assisted specifically by priming ToM prior to word learning. Long-term word retention was strengthened for both pragmatically-inferred and directly-mapped words,when learning was preceded by a ToM video. These results demonstrate that ToM causally interacts with word learning processes and facilitates both encoding and retention. Our findings strengthen previous arguments that ToM plays a critical role in language development and broaden this to encompass lifelong vocabulary learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language learning; Pragmatics; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02k741m5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trice", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhenghan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24051/galley/13645/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24051/galley/21134/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24780, "title": "Enhancing Effects of Causal Scaffolding on Preschoolers' Analogical Reasoning Abilities", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Decades of work exploring the development of children's analogical reasoning illustrates that 3- and 4-year-old children struggle with reasoning by analogy (i.e. glove:hand::sock:___), almost always preferring superficially related ‚Äúobject matches‚Äù (:shoe) over ‚Äúrelational matches‚Äù (:foot). However, one recent study demonstrated preschoolers' ability to choose relational matches when a traditional relational-match-to-sample task is embedded in causal scaffolding, framing the target abstract relation as one between beginning and ending states of a causal transformation. Current work aims to discover which factors of causal framing facilitate this boost in early abstract reasoning. In Study 1, we replicate this effect while adapting the transformation to involve two objects, showing that preservation of identity is not necessary for analogical reasoning in a causal context. In Study 2, we explore the replicated effect in a case of non-agentive causation, finding that the causal boost, while still present, is significantly weaker when scaffolding involves a machine vs. an agent. These findings demonstrate that causal framing can be a powerful tool in bolstering children's early abstract reasoning capabilities and show that this enhancing effect is even stronger when an agent holds causal power.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Analogy; Causal reasoning; Cognitive development; Reasoning; Skill acquisition and learning; Developmental analysis; Verbal protocol studies" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/083424nh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily Rose", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reagan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Verity", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pinter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mariel", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Goddu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gopnik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California at Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24780/galley/21135/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24780/galley/14378/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24780/galley/18235/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24780/galley/21135/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24144, "title": "Episodic memory in causal reasoning about singular events", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent literature often presents memory as ultimately dealing with the future‚Äìhelping the organism to anticipate events and increase its adaptive success. Yet, the distinct contribution of episodic (as opposed to semantic) memory to future-oriented simulations remains unclear. We claim that episodic memory yields adaptive success because of its crucial role in singular counterfactual causal reasoning, which thus far has been mostly ignored in the literature. Our paper presents a causal inference model based on the predictive processing framework and the minimal trace account of episodic memory. According to our model, evaluating the cause of an event involves (i) generating an episodic memory related to the said potential cause, (ii) constructing a counterfactual scenario through inhibition of the relevant part of the past episode, and (iii) temporal evolution followed by alternative model evaluation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Causal reasoning; Event cognition; Memory; Predictive Processing" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21c5f7b4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sofiia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rappe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr University Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Markus", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Werning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr University Bochum", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24144/galley/13740/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24144/galley/21136/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21483, "title": "Episodic memory supports the acquisition of structured task representations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Generalization to new tasks requires learning of task representations that accurately reflect the similarity structure of the task space. Here, we argue that episodic memory (EM) plays an essential role in this process by stabilizing task representations, thereby supporting the accumulation of structured knowledge. We demonstrate this using a neural network model that infers task representations that minimize the current task's objective function; crucially, the model can retrieve previously encoded task representations from EM and use these to initialize the task inference process. With EM, the model succeeds in learning the underlying task structure; without EM, task representations drift and the network fails to learn the structure. We further show that EM errors can support structure learning by promoting the activation of similar task representations in tasks with similar sensory inputs. Overall, this model provides a novel account of how EM supports the acquisition of structured task representations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Learning; Memory; Representation; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sj2m7n6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Qihong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Columbia University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hummos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Norman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21483/galley/11082/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21483/galley/21928/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24505, "title": "ERP insights into self-relevance with second-person pronouns during auditory story processing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The study aims to determine if the positive ERP effect associated with self-relevance extends from first to second person pronouns and whether it is independent of the pronoun's referent. Two EEG experiments were conducted with 72 participants listening to two distinct audiobooks, \"Tschick\" and \"Auferstehung der Toten\" (AdT). The chosen novels differ in narrative structure, allowing for a comparison of the ERP response of 2sg pronouns that potentially refer to the listener with personal pronouns that do not. The narrative design of \"Tschick\" directed all 2nd person pronouns to characters in the story, while in \"AdT\" the listener was the most likely referent. The results reveal a significant positive ERP effect for second person pronouns in \"AdT\" compared to \"Tschick,\" supporting the hypothesis that the self-relevance effect generalizes to second person pronouns. The findings suggest that this positivity in ERP reflects attentional processes enhancing the cortex's sensitivity to self-other distinctions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; cognitive neuropsychology; Language understanding; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wm1p8x1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Magdalena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Repp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Petra", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Schumacher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ingmar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brilmayer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24505/galley/21137/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24505/galley/14102/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24505/galley/21137/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24237, "title": "Error in Sequential Action: An Evaluation of a Competence Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is commonly used to assess executive (dys-)function, particularly in neuropsychological patients. Performance on the test typically yields two types of error: perseverative errors, where participants persist in applying an inferred rule despite negative feedback, and set-loss errors, were participants cease applying an inferred rule despite positive feedback. The two types of error are known to dissociate. In this paper we apply an existing model of the WCST -- the model of Bishara et al. (2010) -- to a novel dataset, focussing specifically on the distribution of the two types of error over the duration of the task. Using Maximum Likelihood Estimation to fit the model to the data, we argue that the model provides a good account of the performance of some participants, but a poor account of individual differences. It is argued that this is because the model is essentially a competence model which fails to incorporate performance factors, and that accounting for the different types of error, and in particular the error distribution during the task, requires incorporating performance factors into the model. Some consequences of this for the broader enterprise of developing normative competence models are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Action; Attention; Computational Modeling; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07g7m53w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24237/galley/13833/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24237/galley/21138/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21700, "title": "Estimating a Time Series of Interpretation Indeterminacy in Reading a Short Story Using a Quantum Cognition Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Literary and aesthetic studies have suggested that readers can stay in indeterminate states where they hold multiple interpretations, and that this indeterminate interpretation state causes an aesthetic feeling, involvement, and understanding of art. To explore the indeterminate interpretation state, we employed a quantum cognition framework and conducted a reading experiment using a short story. The results suggest that readers' interpretations can be regarded as a superposition state corresponding to the indeterminate and polysemous interpretation of the story. We also estimated a time series of quantum indeterminacy and discussed the text features related to quantum indeterminacy.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Art and Cognition; Language and thought; Language understanding; Reading; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1sh152qk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Miho", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fuyama", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ritsumeikan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21700/galley/11299/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21700/galley/22093/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24537, "title": "Estimating human color-concept associations from multimodal language models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People's color-concept associations influence many processes underlying visual cognition from object recognition to information visualization interpretation. Thus, a key goal in cognitive science is developing efficient methods for estimating color-concept association distributions over color space to model these processes. Here, we investigated the ability of GPT-4, a multimodal large language model, to estimate human-like color-concept associations. We collected human association ratings between 70 concepts spanning abstractness and 71 colors spanning perceptual color space and compared these ratings to analogous ratings from GPT-4, when it was given concepts as words and colors as hexadecimal codes. GPT-4 ratings were correlated with human ratings, comparably to state-of-the-art image-based methods. Variation in human-GPT rating correlations across concepts was predicted by concept abstractness, but this effect was superseded by specificity (peakiness; inverse entropy) of color-concept association distributions. Our results highlight the viability of using model-generated color-concept association ratings to better understand human color semantics.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Concepts and categories; Perception; Vision; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6dh916d5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kushin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukherjee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rogers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UW-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Karen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schloss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24537/galley/21139/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24537/galley/14134/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24537/galley/21139/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24088, "title": "Estimating the growth of functions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An important aspect of mathematical and computational thinking is algorithmic thinking‚Äì‚Äìthe analysis of systems, algorithms, and natural processes. A fundamental skill in algorithmic thinking is estimating the growth of functions with increasing input size. In this study, we asked 178 participants to estimate values of seven common functions in algorithmic analysis [log(n), sqrt(n), nlog(n), n^2, n^3, 2^n, n!] to understand their intuitive perception of their growth. Their estimates were fit against the actual values for all functions. Participants showed a linearization bias: sublinear functions were best fit by a linear function, and superlinear functions were best fit by a cubic (i.e., polynomial) function, even those that grow much faster (e.g., n!). In addition, participants estimated logarithmic functions least accurately. These results provide insight into how people perceive the growth of functions and set the stage for future studies of how to best improve people's reasoning about functions more generally.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Education; Psychology; Learning; Representation; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ww645qn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vijay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marupudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Tech", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Bye", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sashank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Tech", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24088/galley/13682/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24088/galley/21140/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21486, "title": "Estimating Type of Print Exposure across Aging through Author Production", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study introduces a novel approach for quantifying individual differences in print exposure through the integration of distributional semantics with the Author Production Test (APT). By employing the Universal Sentence Encoder to generate vector representations of authors from their works, we constructed 'participant vectors' reflecting the aggregated author vectors individuals produced in the APT and 'genre vectors' capturing the representative characteristics of each literary genre. By analyzing the cosine similarities between participant and genre vectors, we objectively estimated individuals' genre preferences. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between these objective measures and self-reported genre preferences, particularly for older frequent readers, highlighting the method's effectiveness. Our findings offer a promising avenue for the objective measurement of print exposure, with potential implications for developing personalized models of lexical behavior.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Natural Language Processing; Reading; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/41z38291", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mengyang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Qiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Trent University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nichol", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Castro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University at Buffalo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brendan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johns", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "McGill University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21486/galley/11085/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21486/galley/21931/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24931, "title": "Evaluating and Modeling Social Intelligence: A Comparative Study of Human and AI Capabilities", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Facing the current debate on whether Large Language Models (LLMs) attain near-human intelligence levels (Mitchell & Krakauer, 2023; Bubeck et al., 2023; Kosinski, 2023; Shiffrin & Mitchell, 2023; Ullman, 2023), the current study introduces a benchmark for evaluating social intelligence, one of the most distinctive aspects of human cognition. We developed a comprehensive theoretical framework for social dynamics and introduced two evaluation tasks: Inverse Reasoning (IR) and Inverse Inverse Planning (IIP). Our approach also encompassed a computational model based on recursive Bayesian inference, adept at elucidating diverse human behavioral patterns. Extensive experiments and detailed analyses revealed that humans surpassed the latest GPT models in overall performance, zero-shot learning, one-shot generalization, and adaptability to multi-modalities. Notably, GPT models demonstrated social intelligence only at the most basic order (order = 0), in stark contrast to human social intelligence (order >= 2). Further examination indicated a propensity of LLMs to rely on pattern recognition for shortcuts, casting doubt on their possession of authentic human-level social intelligence. Our codes, dataset, appendix and human data are released at https://github.com/bigai-ai/Evaluate-n-Model-Social-Intelligence.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2j53v5nv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Junqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chunhui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiapeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Xi'an Jiaotong University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lixing", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Niu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Intelligence Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiaheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Han", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yujia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yixin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Peking University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lifeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24931/galley/14498/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24931/galley/21142/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24244, "title": "Evaluating an ensemble model of linguistic categorization on three variable morphological patterns in Hungarian", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We implemented two instance-based learners, the K-Nearest Neighbors model and the Generalized Context Model, and a rule-based learner, the Minimal Generalization Learner, adapted for linguistic data. We fit these on three distinct, variable patterns of word variation in Hungarian: paradig- matic leveling and vowel deletion in verbs and vowel har- mony in nouns. We tested their predictions using a Wug task. The best learners were combined into an ensemble model for each pattern. All three learners explain variation in the test data. The best ensemble models of inflectional variation in the data combine instance-based and rule-based learners. This result suggests that the best psychologically plausible learn- ing model of morphological variation combines instance-based and rule-based approaches and might vary from case to case.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Morphology; Natural Language Processing; Computational Modeling; Corpus studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/914866s3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Racz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Budapest University of Technology and Economics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rebrus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HUN-REN Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Szilard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Toth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Eotvos Lorand University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24244/galley/13840/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24244/galley/21141/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24933, "title": "Evaluating human and machine understanding of data visualizations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Although data visualizations are a relatively recent invention, most people are expected to know how to read them. How do current machine learning systems compare with people when performing tasks involving data visualizations? Prior work evaluating machine data visualization understanding has relied upon weak benchmarks that do not resemble the tests used to assess these abilities in humans. We evaluated several state-of-the-art algorithms on data visualization literacy assessments designed for humans, and compared their responses to multiple cohorts of human participants with varying levels of experience with high school-level math. We found that these models systematically underperform all human cohorts and are highly sensitive to small changes in how they are prompted. Among the models we tested, GPT-4V most closely approximates human error patterns, but gaps remain between all models and humans. Our findings highlight the need for stronger benchmarks for data visualization understanding to advance artificial systems towards human-like reasoning about data visualizations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bj17411", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arnav", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kushin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukherjee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Potts", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kreiss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Fan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24933/galley/14500/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24933/galley/21143/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24062, "title": "Evaluating human-like similarity biases at every scale in Large Language Models: Evidence from remote and basic-level triads.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In the remote triad task, participants judge the relatedness between randomly chosen words in a three-alternative choice triadic judgement task. While most word pairs in these triads are weakly related, humans agree on which to choose. This is theoretically interesting as it contradicts previous claims that suggest that the notion of similarity is unconstrained in principle (e.g., Goodman, 1972}. Here, we present new evidence from GPT-4, showing that context-aware LLMs provide excellent predictions of this task. Moreover, the strength of this effect was even larger than that found for basic-level comparisons, which involve highly similar items. Together, this implies that the similarity of human representations is highly structured at every scale, even in tasks with limited context. Follow-up analysis provides insights into how LLMs are successful in this task. Further implications of the ability to compare words at every scale are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Natural Language Processing; Representation; Semantic memory; Semantics; Knowledge representation; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45v7s17g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "De Deyne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24062/galley/13656/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24062/galley/21144/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24697, "title": "Evaluating language model alignment with free associations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The alignment between large language models and humans' knowledge and preferences is central to such tools' safe and fair deployment. A number of approaches to quantifying alignment exist, but current work is fragmented, preventing an overview across categories of stimuli and demographic groups. We propose that free associations from massive citizen-science projects can advance representational alignment by helping evaluate both content and demographic inclusivity. We assess the representational alignment of GPT-4 Turbo and data from the English Small World of Words Study (ca. 80.000 respondents, 3.7 million responses). Our results indicate that while the language model can capture some procedural signatures of human responses, it shows heterogeneous alignment across stimuli categories, poor representational alignment for controversial topics (e.g., religion, nationality), and differential representation of demographic groups (e.g., males, females). All in all, our work suggests that free association can be used to evaluate the representational alignment of large language models.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Linguistics; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Machine learning; Natural Language Processing; Semantic memory; Semantics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98p056xc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dirk", "middle_name": "U", "last_name": "Wulff", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zak", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hussain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Basel", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aeschbach", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mata", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Basel", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24697/galley/21145/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24697/galley/14295/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24697/galley/18129/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24697/galley/21145/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21694, "title": "Evaluating LLMs as Tools to Support Early Vocabulary Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Early language development, and vocabulary size specifically, is a predictor of well-being later in life, such as emotional development and academic achievement. Many successful vocabulary interventions for young children involve sharing a book with a caregiver, because storybooks are a good source of vocabulary that one might not otherwise encounter in everyday life. With the advent of Large Language Models (LLM), automatically generating stories has become a feasible way to tailor materials to the needs and interests of individual learners. Here we evaluate 1) whether parents of preschoolers find automatically generated stories containing specific vocabulary target words acceptable, and 2) whether preschoolers can learn these target words from being read the automatically generated stories. We find that parents overall consider automatically generated stories engaging, age- appropriate, and educational. In addition, children successfully learn the target words in the storybooks (compared to control words drawn from books not read). We conclude with a discussion on future work to improve the effectiveness of automatically generated stories to support robust vocabulary learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Psychology; Language development; Language learning; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7v69f0dj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weber", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado, Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Valentini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Téa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wright", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katharina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "von der Wense", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Boulder", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eliana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Colunga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Colorado Boulder", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21694/galley/11293/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21694/galley/22087/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24512, "title": "Evaluating the comprehension of fractions in 6th to 10th grade using a graduated number line test", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How can we know whether a child really understands a fraction and how they understand it? We argue that number-to-line tasks are a great probe, as children need to think about magnitude and have many opportunities for error. We tested 26,000 pupils from 6th to 10th grades and analyzed their errors. In 6th grade, 80% of the responses were wrong; 45% were still so in 10th grade. We observed seven error patterns. In particular, younger and lower-performing children mostly confused fractions with decimals; older and higher-performing children rather placed the inverse of the target fraction. All grades also confused the roles of the numerator and the denominator. We propose that children use two strategies: they either convert the target fraction into a decimal or partition the line into units to count. We discuss theoretical (strategy choice vs. strategy execution) and pedagogical (identify and remediate misunderstandings) implications.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Cognitive development; Learning; Reasoning" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ns5x1w4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maxime", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cauté", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CEA, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Potier-Watkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CEA, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chenxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "He", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CEA, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stanislas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dehaene", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CEA, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24512/galley/21146/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24512/galley/14109/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24512/galley/21146/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24263, "title": "Evaluating the Predictive Power of Tasks and Items in IQ Tests", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Intelligence tests are used in various scenarios in order to assess individuals' cognitive abilities. As these tests are typically resource-intensive and quite lengthy, we propose a predictive analysis paradigm with the aim of most effectively predicting IQ scores and thus shortening and optimising tests by identifying the most predictive test components. Using the Berlin Intelligence Structure Test for Adolescents (BIS-HB) as an example, we apply machine learning models and successfully predict IQ scores at the individual level. In addition, we identify non-significant and potentially redundant tasks and items and exclude them from the analyses, while maintaining the same satisfactory predictive results. A new direction of research in this area will allow not only the inductive optimisation of intelligence tests, but also the improvement of knowledge and understanding of intelligence in general.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Other; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08b962hc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Blickle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HBK-Zwickau", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Todorovikj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Technology Chemnitz", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ragni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "TU Chemnitz", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24263/galley/13859/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24263/galley/21147/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24818, "title": "Evaluating word association-derived word embeddings on semantic analogies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Word embeddings trained on large scale text corpora are central to modern natural language processing and are also important as cognitive models and tools in psycholinguistic research (Pennington et al., 2014). An important alternative to these text-based models are embeddings derived from word association norms (De Deyne et al., 2019). Recently, these association-based embeddings have been shown to outperform text-based word embeddings of comparable complexity (such as GloVE, word2Vec & fastText) in semantic similarity rating tasks (Cabana et al., 2023; Richie & Bhatia, 2021). Here we evaluate English and Rioplatense Spanish association-based embeddings derived from the Small World of Words (SWOW) project on the Google Analogy set and the Bigger Analogy Test Set (Gladkova et al., 2016). We also developed a small analogy set that focuses on semantic relationships, such as event knowledge and category-exemplar relationships such as prototypicality. SWOW-derived word embeddings perform similarly as traditional text-based word embeddings in semantic analogies, and outform them in some categories. These results illustrate relevant similarities and differences between text-based and word association-derived embeddings.\n\nReferences\n\nCabana, √Å., Zugarramurdi, C., Valle-Lisboa, J. C., & De Deyne, S. (2023). The ‚ÄúSmall World of Words‚Äù free association norms for Rioplatense Spanish. Behavior Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-023-02070-z\nDe Deyne, S., Navarro, D. J., Perfors, A., Brysbaert, M., & Storms, G. (2019). The ‚ÄúSmall World of Words‚Äù English word association norms for over 12,000 cue words. Behavior Research Methods, 51(3), 987‚Äì1006. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1115-7\nGladkova, A., Drozd, A., & Matsuoka, S. (2016). Analogy-based detection of morphological and semantic relations with word embeddings: What works and what doesn't. Proceedings of the NAACL Student Research Workshop, 8‚Äì15. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/N16-2002\nRichie, R., & Bhatia, S. (2021). Similarity Judgment Within and Across Categories: A Comprehensive Model Comparison‚ÄîRichie‚Äî2021‚ÄîCognitive Science‚ÄîWiley Online Library. Cognitive Science, e13030. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.13030", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Psychology; Language and thought; Natural Language Processing; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/10g2h6qv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rocío", "middle_name": "Belén", "last_name": "Lión", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la República", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hernan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Quintero", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la República", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Juan", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Valle-Lisboa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la República", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alvaro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cabana", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad de la República", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24818/galley/21148/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24818/galley/14416/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24818/galley/18272/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24818/galley/21148/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21376, "title": "Even Laypeople Use Legalese", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Whereas principles of communicative efficiency and legal doctrine dictate that laws be comprehensible to the common world, empirical evidence suggests legal documents are largely incomprehensible to lawyers and laypeople alike. Here, a corpus analysis (n=59\nmillion words) first replicated and extended prior work revealing laws to contain strikingly higher rates of complex syntactic structures relative to six baseline genres of English.\n\nNext, two pre-registered text generation experiments (n=280) tested two leading hypotheses regarding how these complex structures enter into legal documents in the first place. In line with the \\textit{magic spell hypothesis}, we found people tasked with writing official laws wrote in a more convoluted manner than when tasked with writing unofficial legal texts of equivalent conceptual complexity. Contrary to the \\textit{copy-and-edit hypothesis}, we did not find evidence that people editing a legal document wrote in a more convoluted manner than when writing the same document from scratch.\n\nFrom a cognitive perspective, these results suggest law to be a rare exception to the general tendency in human language towards communicative efficiency. In particular, these findings indicate law's complexity to be derived from its performativity, whereby low-frequency structures may be inserted to signal law's authoritative, world-state-altering nature, at the cost of increased processing demands on readers. From a law and policy perspective, these results suggest that the tension between the ubiquity and impenetrability of the law is not an inherent one, and that laws can be simplified without a loss or distortion of communicative content.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Philosophy; Language and thought; Language Production; Language understanding" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3z47k1fp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Martinez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mollica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21376/galley/10975/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21376/galley/21821/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24258, "title": "Event Cognition and Holistic versus Fragmented Remembering and Forgetting", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study assessed the holistic and fragmented retention and forgetting of event models. We report four experiments that manipulated causality, co-reference, events versus objects, and description determinacy. While increased causal connections among events increased holistic remembering, there was no clear effect for manipulations of co-reference, events versus objects, or determinacy. Thus, our work suggests that there are limits to the extent to which different types of events are remembered and forgotten in a holistic or fragmented manner. That said, all of our event did show significantly greater than chance holistic remembering, suggesting that the very act of creating event models leads these memories to be remembered or forgotten as wholes to a greater extent.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/11z0j11v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daniela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Notre Dame", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gabriel", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Radvansky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Notre Dame", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24258/galley/13854/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24258/galley/21149/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24387, "title": "Event Distribution in Daily Life: A Replication Study.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Research in event cognition highlights the crucial role of event segmentation in shaping perceptions and memories. Anticipation of event boundaries is influenced by characteristic duration, often assumed to follow normal distributions in daily events. This study replicates recent investigations into event duration using a nightly segmentation approach with continuously captured daily images. Forty-one participants collected images over fourteen days, segmenting them into events. Event durations for various activities were modelled using truncated normal, exponential and gamma models. Our findings align with prior research in event distribution, revealing that overall, an exponential or gamma distribution provides a superior fit compared to a truncated normal distribution. This suggests that when daily events are studied in an ecological context at a fundamental level, most of them have little sign of a typical duration. Consequently, duration estimation is unlikely to play a large role in anticipating event boundaries.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition; Social cognition; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8p5673qn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Viviana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sastre Gomez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Defina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "Michael", "last_name": "Garrett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Zacks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University in Saint Louis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dennis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24387/galley/13984/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24387/galley/21150/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24215, "title": "Event-General Conceptual Categories Organize Verb Semantics and Acquisition Cross-linguistically", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Languages vary in the ways they package the conceptual components of motion events into verbs. In a series of experiments, we examined the use of event-general conceptual categories of MANNER and RESULT during verb learning. We tested the accessibility of these concepts within and across domains of spontaneous motion and caused motion events, in speakers of typologically different languages (English and Spanish). Our results indicate that learners can adapt new lexicalization biases that may differ from those present in their own native language, and generalize them to novel instances of the same class of verbs. Furthermore, our data also indicate that under certain contexts, learners can transfer these newly learned biases to a different event domain, suggesting that event-general conceptual categories are psychologically available to learners.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Concepts and categories; Event cognition; Language learning; Semantics; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8706s83g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah Hye-yeon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Papafragou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Unversity of Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24215/galley/13811/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24215/galley/21152/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24353, "title": "Event Segmentation in Chess", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How do chess players perceive events in a chess game, as these events unfold in in real-time? The study builds upon the hierarchical bias hypothesis, stating that observers instinctively segment activities in alignment with a partonomic hierarchy. The alignment effect observed in previous research is replicated, while chess experts' outperformed novices. Participants watched chess game videos and identified event boundaries. Data was analysed using discrete, continuous methods, as well as an agreement index. The results aim to deepen our understanding of the cognitive processes involved in chess expertise and event segmentation. They highlight the hierarchical organisation of mental representations in strategic contexts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition; Statistics; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3js6h99b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Patric", "middle_name": "Daniel", "last_name": "Pfoertner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cognitive Psychology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Penka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hristova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New Bulgarian University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24353/galley/13950/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24353/galley/21151/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21353, "title": "Event Segmentation in Language and Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We examine the relation between event segmentation in language and cognition in the domain of motion events, focusing on Turkish, a verb-framed language that segments motion paths in separate linguistic units (verb clauses). We compare motion events that have a path change to those that did not have a path change. In the linguistic task, participants were more likely to use multiple verb phrases when describing events that had a path change compared to those that did not have a path change. In the non-linguistic Dwell Time task, participants viewed self-paced slideshows of still images sampled from the motion event videos in the linguistic task. Dwell times for slides corresponding to path changes were not significantly longer than those for temporally similar slides in the events without a path change. These findings suggest that event units in language may not have strong and stable influences on event segmentation in cognition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Event cognition; Language and thought; Language Production" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nm5b85t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bilge", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tınaz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Özyeğin University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ercenur", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ünal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Özyeğin University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21353/galley/10952/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21353/galley/21798/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21511, "title": "Evidence Against Syntactic Encapsulation in Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Transformer large language models (LLMs) perform exceptionally well across a variety of linguistic tasks. These models represent relationships between words in a sentence via ‚Äúattention heads‚Äù, which assign weights between different words. Some attention heads automatically learn to ‚Äúspecialize‚Äù in identifying particular syntactic dependencies. Are syntactic computations in such heads encapsulated from non-syntactic information? Or are they penetrable to external information, like the human mind where information sources such as semantics influence parsing from the earliest moments? Here, we tested whether syntax-specialized attention heads in two LLMs (BERT, GPT-2) are modulated by the semantic plausibility of their preferred dependency. In 6 out of 7 cases, we found that implausible sentences reduce attention between words constituting a head's preferred dependency. Therefore, even in heads that are best candidates for syntactic encapsulation, syntax is penetrable to semantics. These data are broadly consistent with the integration of syntax and semantics in human minds.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive architectures; Language understanding; Semantics; Syntax; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t0107wj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "McGee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Idan", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Blank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21511/galley/11110/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21511/galley/21956/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24086, "title": "Evidence for distinct cognitive attitudes of belief in theory of mind", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Theory of mind is often referred to as ‚Äúbelief-desire‚Äù psychology, as these mental states (belief, desire) are accorded a central role. However, extant research has made it clear that defining the notion of belief or characterizing a consistent set of key characteristics is no trivial task. Across two studies (N=283, N=332), we explore the hypothesis that laypeople make more fine-grained distinctions among different kinds of ‚Äúbelief.‚Äù Specifically, we find evidence that beliefs with matching contents are judged differently depending on whether those beliefs are seen as playing predominantly epistemic roles (such as tracking evidence with the aim of forming accurate representations) versus non-epistemic roles (such as social signaling). Beliefs with epistemic aims, compared to those with non-epistemic aims, are more likely to be described with the term ‚Äúthinks‚Äù (vs. ‚Äúbelieves‚Äù), and to be redescribed in probabilistic (vs. binary) terms. These findings call for a refinement of the concepts posited to underly theory of mind and offer indirect support for the idea that human psychology in fact features more than one kind of belief.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Reasoning; Social cognition; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7hm615q7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alejandro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vesga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Neil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Van Leeuwen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tania", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lombrozo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24086/galley/13680/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24086/galley/21153/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24555, "title": "Evidence from eye-tracking on the processing of quotation marks in German", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Quotational constructions as in 'This phenomenon is called ‚Äúmoonbow‚Äù' involve predicates like call and are used to introduce a lexicalized word, i.e. ‚Äúmoonbow‚Äù, to the addressee. The name of a lexicalized concept is mentioned which is why we refer to this type of sentential construction as a name-mentioning construction (NMC). Although there is substantial philosophical research on the notion of quotation, empirical evidence is sparse. In our empirical investigation, we use eye-tracking data to look into the nature of the processing of quotation marks in NMCs. The results of Linear Mixed Models indicate that there is no statistically significant difference for early eye-tracking measures, but a significant effect for the expression in the target Interest Area Dwell Time. Words enclosed in quotation marks are processed longer than target words without quotes. We argue that our findings suggest the involvement of higher cognitive processes in the processing of quotes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Pragmatics; Reading; Semantics; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0tn7x8g1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Natascha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kassel", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Holden", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Haertl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kassel", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alvaro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cortés Rodríguez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Potsdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24555/galley/21154/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24555/galley/14152/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24555/galley/21154/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24059, "title": "Examining structural and semantic predictors of announced sarcasm on r/AskReddit", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People sometimes explicitly announce that they are being sarcastic. The announcement appears to be particularly common in text-based conversations where prosodic cues are more difficult to identify. In certain cases, the tone of a comment is sufficient to determine non-literal meaning. However, what happens in the absence of these features, or when context forces us to explicitly caveat our sarcasm? In this study, we examined Reddit comments from r/AskReddit for the features that are present in comments tagged with \"/s\", a convention on the platform for users to denote sarcasm. We found that a host of cues which mimic prosody, and other aspects of figures of speech, were inconsistent predictors of announced sarcasm. In contrast, when talking about sociomoral topics such as politics or race, users were more likely to tag their comments with \"/s\". This suggests that users are more likely to announce sarcasm in text-based conversations where misinterpretation would be socially detrimental.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Natural Language Processing; Semantics; Syntax; Bayesian modeling; Big data; Social media analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34k6x5jk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hew", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aida", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tarighat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Corley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zachary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Horne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24059/galley/13653/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24059/galley/21155/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24658, "title": "Examining the Psychological Significance of the Jumps in the Decision Process through Test-Retest Reliability Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In decision-making, the Levy flights model (LFM), an extension of the diffusion decision model, adopts a heavy-tailed distribution with the pivotal 'alpha' parameter controlling the shape of the tail. This study critically examines the theoretical foundations of alpha, emphasizing that its test-retest reliability is essential to classify it as a cognitive style measure. Our analysis confirms the alpha parameter's test-retest reliability across various occasions and tasks, supporting its role as a trait-like characteristic. The study also explores LFM parameter interrelations, despite low correlation among the other parameters (so representing distinct aspects of data), there is a pattern of moderate correlation between alpha and non-decision time. Investigating the practice effect, our analyses indicate a consistent decrease in non-decision time, threshold, and often alpha across sessions, alongside the drift-rate increase. We also employ Bayesflow for parameter estimation, evaluating its precision with different trial counts. These findings provide valuable guidelines for future LFM research.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8142t653", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mehdi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ebrahimi Mehr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shahid Beheshti University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jamal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Amani Rad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shahid Beheshti University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24658/galley/21156/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24658/galley/14256/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24658/galley/18052/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24658/galley/21156/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24233, "title": "Examining the Relationship Between Selective Attention and the Formation of Learning Traps", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Selective attention to predictive cues is often considered an efficient way to address the exploration-exploitation dilemma in decision-making. Yet in some circumstances, it can also lead to sub-optimal decision-making due to false beliefs about the environment acquired early in learning - a learning trap. In this study, we examined the relationship between attention selectivity and the emergence of a one-dimensional learning trap in a multidimensional categorization learning task. Combining empirical work (N=75) and computational modeling, we find that more selective attention, especially in the early phase of learning, increases the likelihood that an individual will fall into a learning trap. This finding sheds light on the causal role of attentional biases in the way that individuals explore and learn about choice-options.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Decision making; Learning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/732488h3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yanjun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New South Wales", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Newell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New South Wales", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jaimie", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New South Wales", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brett", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hayes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of New South Wales", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24233/galley/13829/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24233/galley/21157/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24445, "title": "Examining the robustness and generalizability of the shape bias: a meta-analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The \"shape bias\" -- the bias to generalize new nouns by their shape rather than other features such as color or texture -- has been argued to facilitate early noun learning for children. However, there is conflicting evidence about the magnitude and nature of this bias, as well as how it changes developmentally and how it varies across cultures. In this paper, we synthesize evidence about the shape bias using meta-analysis and meta-regression. We find strong overall evidence for the shape bias, but the literature is dominated by studies of English-speaking children, making it difficult to assess cross-cultural differences. Large between-study heterogeneity also highlights procedural variation in the literature. Overall, publication bias, heterogeneity, and data sparsity may limit the ability to distinguish theoretical accounts of the shape bias.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Language development; Cross-cultural analysis; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4526m5ms", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Samah", "middle_name": "O", "last_name": "Abdelrahim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Frank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24445/galley/14042/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24445/galley/21158/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24186, "title": "Exogenous Self-Blame Modulates Charitable Giving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The current study used a real-time interactive ‚Äúadvisor-decider‚Äù task, in which advice given by one participant results in an onerous workload for another participant, to show that self-conscious affect based on performance in one domain shapes decisions to engage in prosocial behavior in an unrelated domain: Advisors that performed at or worse than the norm, in terms of giving incorrect advice, made more frequent subsequent charity donations. Intriguingly, when advisors were given social information about their performance relative to the norm, this pattern was reversed, such that advisors that performed worse than the norm made less frequent donations. We interpret this finding as reflecting a shift in the emotion driving the behavior, from guilt to shame. Consistent with this interpretation, trait measures of guilt proneness but not of shame proneness predicted an increase in both the probability and magnitude of donations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Emotion" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w15r9vt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lucila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arroyo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mimi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liljeholm", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24186/galley/13782/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24186/galley/21159/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24438, "title": "Experimental Emergence of Conventions in Humans: Emergence, stability and cognitive implications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Conventions are arbitrary and self-sustaining practices that emerge in a population and facilitate solving coordination problems. A recent study (Formaux et al. 2021) traced the formation of simple conventions in captive baboons in a touch-screen-based colour-matching ‚Äògame'. We replicated this task with human pairs under different conditions (varying the instructions given, visual access to partner's screen, and subjects' previous experience) to assess their effects on convention formation. We found that more information delayed the formation of conventions (arbitrary rankings of colours). Interestingly, pairs maintained their conventions even when given visual access to their partner's screen, despite the availability of a potentially simpler strategy (copying). Although experienced subjects did not transmit their conventions to na√Øve subjects, they enabled more rapid establishment of a new convention. We hypothesise that these effects are rooted in whether human subjects are prompted to employ cognitively less or more sophisticated processes during behavioural coordination.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Group Behaviour; Interactive behavior; Problem Solving; Social cognition; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9284q9zc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Oviya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mohan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dora", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Biro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24438/galley/14035/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24438/galley/21160/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24476, "title": "Experimental Investigation of Explanation Presentation for Visual Tasks with XAI", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Explainable AI (XAI) has been developed to make AI understandable to humans by offering explanations of its operations. However, too much explanation could lead to users experiencing cognitive overload and developing inappropriate trust in AI. To investigate the appropriate amount of explanation, we examined the influence of explanation type on trust in AI using a classic visual search task in Experiment 1, and the influence of adapted explanation presentation on task performance using a practical visual identification task in Experiment 2. The results showed that AI results displayed alone increased trust and task performance in a low-complexity task, and displaying AI results with AI attention heatmaps (showing locations on which AI focused in task images) that had high interpretability increased trust and task performance in a high-complexity task. This study showed the importance of adjusting the amount of explanation for visual tasks with XAI.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Human-computer interaction; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/55g5h38b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Akihiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Maehigashi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shizuoka University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yosuke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fukuchi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tokyo Metropolitan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Seiji", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yamada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Institute of Informatics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24476/galley/21161/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24476/galley/14073/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24476/galley/21161/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24141, "title": "Experimental Pragmatics with Machines: Testing LLM Predictions for the Inferences of Plain and Embedded Disjunctions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Human communication is based on a variety of inferences that we draw from sentences, often going beyond what is literally said. While there is wide agreement on the basic distinction between entailment, implicature, and presupposition, the status of many inferences remains controversial. In this paper, we focus on three inferences of plain and embedded disjunctions, and compare them with regular scalar implicatures. We investigate this comparison from the novel perspective of the predictions of state-of-the-art large language models, using the same experimental paradigms as recent studies investigating the same inferences with humans. The results of our best performing models mostly align with those of humans, both in the large differences we find between those inferences and implicatures, as well as in fine-grained distinctions among different aspects of those inferences.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language understanding; Pragmatics; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7t58h8h3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Polina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsvilodub", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marty", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Malta", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sonia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ramotowska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacopo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Romoli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Franke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24141/galley/13737/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24141/galley/21162/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24112, "title": "Experiments in games: modding the Zool Redimensioned warning system to support players' skill acquisition and attrition rate", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The scientific potential of digital game studies in psychology is limited by the observational nature of the data that they investigate. However, digital environments present us with a perfect opportunity to incorporate experimental paradigms in complex interactive and multivariate worlds where each decision made by participants can be tracked and recorded. In this study, we demonstrate an industry-academic research collaboration that offers a proof-of-the-concept on how minor modifications of the game settings could be used to test psychological research questions. We modify the settings of the Zool platform game, where players allocated to the experimental group are provided with more information when in danger of dying in the game. Results of the study show that manipulation does not influence behaviour in the game, such as achieved score or number of deaths, but it changes the overall player's response of whether they will continue playing the game after the disappointing event of losing all their lives, game over event. In line with previous studies, the additional information provided through the experimental manipulation made death in the game more informative to the players.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Learning; Big data" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6r02x9pq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nemanja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vaci", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sheffield", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stafford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sheffield", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ying", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sheffield", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Habgood", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "SUMO Digital", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24112/galley/13706/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24112/galley/21163/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24085, "title": "Explaining apparently impossible phenomena: difference between physical and mental effects", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Practitioners of mentalism can perform apparently impossible feats, but when performing for an audience these feats are attributed to pseudoscientific explanations such as advanced psychological skills. Research that has investigated the psychological foundations of mentalism has found a strong tendency for people to believe these explanations. In three experiments, we investigated the strength of this belief by comparing apparently impossible effects relating to mental phenomena with physical phenomena. We observed that mental magic tricks are readily explained in terms of advanced psychological skills, whereas physical tricks are not. This was true: i) even when alternative feasible explanations are explicitly presented; ii) when they are presented as mentalism effects but the effects themselves are classical card tricks; iii) regardless of the context in which the effects are observed (a research laboratory vs. a theater). We interpreted the tendency to appeal to this pseudo-explanation (and the changes in narratives employed by mentalists across the decades) in terms of the community of knowledge framework.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Causal reasoning; Reasoning; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92q193x1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Giorgio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gronchi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Axel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zemla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Syracuse University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Franco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "bagnoli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria Pia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Viggiano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florence", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24085/galley/13679/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24085/galley/21164/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24352, "title": "Explaining Human Comparisons using Alignment-Importance Heatmaps", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present a computational explainability approach for human comparison tasks, using Alignment Importance Score (AIS) heatmaps derived from deep-vision models. The AIS reflects a feature-map's unique contribution to the alignment between Deep Neural Network's (DNN) representational geometry and that of humans. We first validate the AIS by showing that prediction of out-of-sample human similarity judgments is improved when constructing representations using only higher-AIS feature maps identified from a training set. We then compute image-specific heatmaps that visually indicate the areas corresponding to feature-maps with higher AIS scores. These maps provide an intuitive explanation of which image areas are more important when it is compared to other images in a cohort. We observe a strong correspondence between these heatmaps and saliency maps produced by a gaze-prediction model. However, in some cases, meaningful differences emerge, as the dimensions relevant for comparison are not necessarily the most visually salient. In sum, Alignment Importance improves prediction of human similarity judgments from DNN embeddings, and provides interpretable insights into the relevant information in image space.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Concepts and categories; Representation; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3830t964", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nhut", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Truong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trento", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dario", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pesenti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trento", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Uri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hasson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Trento", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24352/galley/13949/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24352/galley/21165/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24315, "title": "Explaining the Conjunction Fallacy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The conjunction fallacy (CF) describes a pattern where individuals disregard the principles of probability by assessing certain conjunctive statements as more probable than the individual parts of those statements. The fallacy may be fruitfully reconstructed as the normatively correct assessment of something else than probability, for instance of inductive confirmation or coherence. We argue that these approaches have some counter-intuitive consequences in scenarios that have not yet been experimentally tested. We then suggest a novel explanation of the CF according to which the fallacious reasoning arises due to an assessment of explanatory power.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Psychology; Reasoning; Bayesian modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bv1k9nw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Borut", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trpin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LMU Munich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hartmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "LMU Munich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24315/galley/13911/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24315/galley/21166/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24150, "title": "Exploring Analogical Asymmetry", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In similarity comparisons, people often show a preference for one direction over the other. Bowdle and Gentner (1997) proposed the base systematicity advantage account to explain this‚Äînamely, that people prefer similarity comparisons in which the more systematic item serves as the base. Results from a series of studies supported this account. However, the studies only covered literal similarity comparisons. The question of whether analogical comparison follows the base advantage pattern remained untested. Therefore, the present study investigated this question for analogical comparisons. We tested the prediction that a comparison will be preferred when the more systematic item serves as the base. This prediction was supported. We also found support for a further prediction: namely, that inferences were projected from the systematic to the less systematic passage. Further, these inferences spontaneously arose even when not requested. The overall results from these processes are consistent with the base systematicity advantage account.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Reasoning; Representation; Knowledge representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dh196x1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fanyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dedre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gentner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24150/galley/13746/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24150/galley/21167/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24448, "title": "Exploring Cognitive Diversity and Dynamics for Effective Language Memory Retention", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spaced repetition, key for long-term memory retention through optimized review schedules based on predicted memory retention, is increasingly vital for effective language learning. Traditional methods, however, often fail to account for individual cognitive variations and material difficulty, resulting in a lack of high adaptability and effectiveness. To address this, our study introduces the Multidimensional Cognition Regression (MCR) model. MCR incorporates the Difficulty Engineering (DE) module, which integrates both objective and subjective factors to evaluate the intricacy of the content. Moreover, MCR further leverages a variety of user memory and cognitive characteristics, combined with psychological insights and machine learning techniques, to predict the memory ``half-life\" of material. This approach transcends methods like Half-Life Regression proven effective on Duolingo, reducing prediction errors demonstrated by lower Mean Absolute Error. Based on the predictive modeling of memory's halflife and corresponding biological memory patterns, we opt to schedule reviews at the juncture when the memory decays to its halflife point. Empirical validation in real-world settings showed enhanced retention efficiency.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Human-computer interaction; Language learning; Machine learning; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q10r2x5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gaoyun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "College of Computer Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yahong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24448/galley/14045/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24448/galley/21168/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21525, "title": "Exploring Effects of Self-Censoring through Agent-Based Simulation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent years have seen an explosion of theoretical interest, as well as increasingly fraught real-world debate, around issues to do with discourse participation. For example, marginalised groups may find themselves excluded or may exclude themselves from discourse contexts that are hostile. This not only has ethical implications, but likely impacts epistemic outcomes. The nature and scale of such outcomes remain difficult to estimate in practice. In this paper, we use agent-based modelling to explore the implications of a tendency toward `agreeableness' whereby agents might shape their communication so as to reduce direct conflict. Our simulations show that even mild tendencies to avoid disagreement can have significant consequences for information exchange and the resultant beliefs within a population.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Sociology; Causal reasoning; Agent-based Modeling; Bayesian modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b32v6xc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Klee", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schöppl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Groningen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ulrike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21525/galley/11124/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21525/galley/14601/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21525/galley/21169/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21581, "title": "Exploring horizontal homophony in pronominal paradigms: A case study where cross-linguistic regularities defy individual learning biases", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Homophony (i.e, multiple meanings expressed by the same form) is ubiquitous across the world's languages. Despite its pervasiveness, not all instances of homophony are equally likely, which suggests that homophony is unlikely to be accidental. There is a growing body of literature which aims to thoroughly examine cross-linguistic regularities in patterns of homophony and explain these from constraints in language learning and use, both at the lexical and morphosyntactic levels. Here, we examine a specific case of homophony in pronominal paradigms, that is, the lack of a number distinction (singular vs plural) for a given person value (first, second and third), a phenomenon coined as horizontal homophony. Cysouw (2003) suggested that a lack of number distinction is more likely to be found in third person (i.e., 3SG=3PL) than in second (i.e., 2SG=2PL), and it is least frequently found in first person (i.e., 1SG=1PL). We refer to this generalisation as the Horizontal Homophony Hierarchy: 3 > 2 > 1 (where > represents frequency inequality). This generalisation was nevertheless only made via qualitative description and by raw counts, and merely described without motivated explanation. In this study we take a step back and present additional evidence supporting the Horizontal Homophony Hierarchy. First, we ascertain the robustness of this typological tendency through a statistical analysis using the largest cross-linguistic database of pronominal paradigms to date (926 languages from 229 different families). Next, we explore whether the Horizontal Homophony Hierarchy has a corresponding learning correlate, which would indicate that this asymmetry is at least partly rooted in a cognitive bias. Specifically, we examine asymmetries in how easily adult humans learn different types of horizontal homophony in an artificial language learning experiment. The results from our typological analysis corroborate a hierarchy of horizontal homophony 3 > 2 > 1 in the world's languages. However, our experimental results provide evidence against a learning bias underlying the hierarchy, thus suggesting that motivated explanations of the typology (if any) are more likely to be found in alternative pressures such as communicative need and efficiency.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Concepts and categories; Language learning; Morphology; Semantics; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4061t0nr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carmen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saldana", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitat Pompeu Fabra", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mora", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Maldonado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CNRS/Nantes Université", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21581/galley/11180/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21581/galley/21974/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21672, "title": "Exploring Individuality in Dance: Unveiling Unique Signatures of Dancers in Choreographic and Dyadic Dance Settings", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How we move and interact with our surroundings can reveal a lot about us as an individual. This study delves into the interplay of music, movement, and individual identity within the framework of embodied cognition. Drawing inspiration from Carlson et al. (2020)'s work, which showcased remarkably high accuracy in identifying individuals based on free-form dance movements in a marker-based setting, our investigation extends their work into two novel contexts: markerless-choreographic and marker-based-dyadic dance settings. In the choreographic setting, professional dancers perform identical routines in a markerless setting. In the dyadic setting, individuals danced with a partner. We found that the dancer identification accuracy was at least two times better than the chance level in the choreographic setting and notably high accuracy in the dyadic setting. These results showcase the robustness of Carlson et al. (2020)'s method in generalizing to new settings and the presence of motoric fingerprints in choreographic as well as dyadic settings.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Dance; Embodied Cognition; Machine learning; Music" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7sx1d47n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Prince", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varshney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hartmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Jyväskylä", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carlson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Jyväskylä", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Petri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Toiviainen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Jyväskylä", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vinoo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alluri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21672/galley/11271/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21672/galley/22065/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24801, "title": "Exploring Loophole Behavior: A Comparative Study of Autistic and Non-Autistic Populations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Sometimes people ask us to do things we do not want to do. We may try to avoid the aversive consequences of non-compliance by finding a loophole: an interpretation of the request that is consistent with its literal but not intended meaning. Exploiting loopholes requires an integrated understanding of pragmatics, goal alignment, and rational planning. This kind of complex social reasoning may be challenging for people with autism. Here we surveyed parents to study the prevalence and development of loophole behavior in childhood among autistic and non-autistic children. Neither the tendency to produce loopholes nor their developmental trajectory differed between autistic (N = 200) and non-autistic children (N = 200). These results are consistent with previous work suggesting the heterogeneous nature of autism and the difficulty of finding single tasks that distinguish high-functioning children with and without autism; the results also demonstrate that autistic children are capable of this kind of complex social reasoning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Pragmatics; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kx2b0qg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kiera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parece", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sophie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bridgers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tomer D.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ullman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schulz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24801/galley/21170/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24801/galley/14399/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24801/galley/18256/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24801/galley/21170/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21683, "title": "Exploring Programming Aptitude: Comparing the Predictive Utility of Language Aptitude Subskills for Python and Java Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The present study examines how natural language aptitude subskills predict individual differences in learning Python and Java. Past work has demonstrated that overall performance on the Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT), a standardized measure of language aptitude, is a strong predictor of both the speed and accuracy with which individuals learn Python. However, language aptitude is a broad multidimensional construct made up of individual subskills. In the present study, we examine how two of these subskills - sensitivity to form and meaning mapping - relate to programming outcomes in both Python and Java. Results indicate that both sensitivity to form (MLAT IV) and meaning mapping (MLAT V) are related to programming acquisition in both languages - this relationship remains even after controlling for fluid intelligence. We also examined how programming skills tied to semantics and syntax related between Python and Java in a subset of learners who learned both languages. These results demonstrated that proficiency in Python predicted individual differences in both syntactic and semantic knowledge in Java. Taken together, these results further elucidate the role of natural language aptitude in programming learning and suggest that semantic and syntactic content may transfer across programming languages.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Instruction and teaching; Language and thought; Language development; Language learning; Language understanding; Learning; Memory; Multilingualism; Problem Solving; Semantics; S" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ps223b8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Malayka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mottarella", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mortimore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chantel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Prat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21683/galley/11282/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21683/galley/22076/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24143, "title": "Exploring scalar diversity through priming: A lexical decision study with adjectives", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When someone says 'My soup was warm', they are often understood as saying that it was warm, but not hot. This is assumed to arise via a scalar implicature. According to the standard assumption, 'warm' and 'hot' are in competition and by saying 'warm', we reason that the speaker did not intend to convey 'hot'. This exclusion of alternatives should apply uniformly to any expression that can be ordered on a scale. Yet there are substantial differences in the endorsement rates of the strengthened meaning between various scales. These could be due to the availability of expressions or to the underlying semantic structure. We use priming to measure how active in the mind lexical expressions are. Contrary to the standard assumption, the more an expression was primed, the less likely a scalar implicature was endorsed. We discuss how the semantic structure of adjectives can support pragmatic reasoning without lexical alternatives.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language understanding; Pragmatics; Semantics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mr322mh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Radim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lacina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Osnabrück University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gotzner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cognitive Science Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24143/galley/13739/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24143/galley/21171/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24841, "title": "Exploring Students’ World: Leveraging Funds of Knowledge Through Virtual Community Explorations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "One essential part of teaching multilingual learners is leveraging their funds of knowledge, or students’ dynamic knowledge and practices developed in their households and communities. However, it can be challenging to identify funds of knowledge, especially in a virtual\nenvironment. This case study examines a virtual internship experience where preservice teachers (PSTs) completed a Community Exploration project designed to enhance their knowledge of students’ lives outside of school. PSTs identified important locations in the surrounding community, (virtually) visited these locations, and explored how to integrate possible funds of knowledge from these sites into their curriculum. Upon analyzing the Community Exploration projects, recordings of PSTs presenting their projects, and interviews with PSTs, we found that PSTs purposefully planned opportunities to discover students’ viewpoints, which allowed them to identify concrete examples of funds of knowledge and make connections to curriculum. We also discuss various challenges and implications for teacher education.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "funds of knowledge" }, { "word": "humanizing pedagogy" }, { "word": "teacher education" }, { "word": "virtual instruction" } ], "section": "Theme Section - Developing Strong Educators", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vx535xg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carmen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Durham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Northern Iowa", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Loren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland, College Park", "department": "College of Education" }, { "first_name": "Wyatt", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Gwinnett College", "department": "Elementary Education department" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/24841/galley/14435/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24437, "title": "Exploring the Contributions of Semantics and Emotion to Word Memorability: a Behavioural and Computational Modeling Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Memorability is an intrinsic property of stimuli, reflecting their average likelihood of being remembered across individuals. While recent research has examined the relationship between semantic relatedness and English word memorability, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other languages, and moreover, whether emotional content contributes to word memorability. We conducted three behavioural cued-recall experiments using Chinese words and implemented computational modeling to examine semantic relatedness and emotional consistency as predictors of memorability. We found that both factors explained word memorability: words that were more semantically dissimilar were associated with higher memorability; broad emotional consistency (non-neutral cue-target pairs) and positive emotional consistency (positive-positive pairs) both had memory advantages. Our results provide new insights into Chinese word memorability, and the potential contributions of semantics and emotion.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Memory; Semantics; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97s7m903", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Haoyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wilma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bainbridge", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andy", "middle_name": "C.H.", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24437/galley/14034/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24437/galley/21172/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24204, "title": "Exploring the Discrepancy between Explicit and Implicit Keyboard Memory: The Role of Linguistic and Sensorimotor Context", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Memory for the QWERTY keyboard has been shown to be a good experimental paradigm to test the relationship between explicit and implicit memory as, despite high typing proficiency in young students nowadays, explicit knowledge of the keyboard seems to remain scarce. In our experiment, we investigate the relationship between implicit and explicit keyboard memory by asking participants to find the 21 letters of the Italian alphabet on a blank QWERTY keyboard (explicit task) and then perform a procedural (implicit) task by typing short paragraphs. Results showed significantly lower explicit (compared to implicit) accuracy. To investigate the role of linguistic context in the implicit task, we compared these results with a subset from Experiment 1 in Ianì et al. (2024), who used a single letter procedural task, illustrating a decline in implicit performance between the two experiments. Our findings suggest the importance of linguistic and sensorimotor contextual factors for procedural knowledge.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Action; Behavioral Science; Language and thought; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tq5m5bf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stockner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Giuliana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mazzoni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francesco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ianì", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Torino", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24204/galley/13800/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24204/galley/21173/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24669, "title": "Exploring the Dynamics of Dyadic Communication and Performance in Acting Training", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study delves into the dynamics of dyadic communication within a predefined acting scenario by analyzing how the utterance and behavior of paired participants change over time and influence each other. Assigned specific roles and objectives within this preset context, participants focus on and verbalize each other's actions. Prior research, which compared verbal characteristics between professional actors and novices, underlines the importance of shifting focus from self to partner in attaining naturalistic performances, referring to authentic communication in an acting setting. The present study incorporates pose estimation into the video analysis of acting training, assessing behavioral dynamics in a natural state. By extracting the correlations in movement changes of the paired participants during role-playing, the dynamic process of interaction in a specific context is traced, elucidating how natural performances develop through intensive mutual attention and interaction. Additionally, examining concurrent changes in utterance provides insights into the reasons behind behavioral changes. Overall, this research not only sheds light on the nuances of performing arts training but also makes a contribution to the broader understanding of action patterns and communication dynamics within specific social roles and interactions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Art and Cognition; Interactive behavior; Classroom studies" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w00q0k4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jingyan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Takeshi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Okada", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24669/galley/21174/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24669/galley/14267/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24669/galley/18074/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24669/galley/21174/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21473, "title": "Exploring the evolutionary dynamics of sound symbolism", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper uses phylogenetic modeling to investigate the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of sound symbolism in the world's languages. \nApplying our model to sound-meaning correspondences reported in the literature, we find that many previously established associations are weaker than expected when analyzed using our framework. This is possibly because certain sound-meaning associations are artifacts of slow-changing vocabulary items rather than specific preferences for certain sounds in words with certain meanings. For sound-meaning associations for which we find evidence, the maintenance of sound symbolism appears to be due to a tendency to preserve words in certain meanings if certain sounds are present.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Evolution; Language development; Phonology; Computational Modeling; Phylogenetic Reconstruction" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tc941m4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chundra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cathcart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gerhard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jäger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tübingen University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21473/galley/11072/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21473/galley/21918/download/" } ] } ] }