Article List
API Endpoint for journals.
GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=6000
{ "count": 39506, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=6100", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=5900", "results": [ { "pk": 24079, "title": "Humans generate auxiliary hypotheses to resolve conflicts in observational data", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Although research in the area of belief updating has flourished in the last two decades, most studies do not treat beliefs as part of a complex and interactive network. In this study, we investigate humans' use of auxiliary hypotheses as a mechanism to avoid belief updating in light of conflicting information. In Experiment 1, we replicate an unpublished study by Kahneman and Tversky, introducing two additional domain conditions (N=119). Participants construct an initial model, express a prior belief, and face conflicting information. They are then prompted to provide an explanation. Across three domains, only 37% of responses demonstrate belief updating, by attributing the information conflict to the original report being unreliable or invalid. In Experiment 2 (N=29), a within-participants manipulation of credibility shows no effect on generating auxiliary hypotheses. Even in the presence of credibility cues to explain away information conflicts by invoking the reliability of either source, participants instead generated auxiliary hypotheses to resolve them in 27% of the cases.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Psychology; Causal reasoning; Learning; Reasoning; Qualitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51r5m0jp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Trisevgeni", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Papakonstantinou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kuan Iao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lagnado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24079/galley/13673/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24079/galley/21248/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21455, "title": "Humans use episodic memory to access features of past experience for flexible decision making", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Our choices often require us to prioritize some features of our rich sensory experience over others. Past work suggests that humans solve this problem by focusing on relevant information while discarding that which is irrelevant. Yet learning which features to prioritize requires extensive experience. Moreover, features that are irrelevant now may become relevant in the future. One way to address these issues is by sampling individual richly encoded experiences from episodic memory. Here we hypothesize that episodic memory is used to guide decisions based on multiple features of past events. We test this hypothesis using an experiment in which participants made choices about the value of features that were present in multiple past experiences. We find evidence suggesting that participants used episodic memories to flexibly access features of past events during decision making. Overall, these results suggest that episodic memory promotes adaptive decisions when knowledge of multiple features is necessary.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Decision making; Learning; Memory; Statistical learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x22d800", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nicholas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marcelo", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Mattar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21455/galley/11054/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21455/galley/21900/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21462, "title": "Hybrid-Similarity Exemplar Model of Context-Dependent Memorability", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We conduct tests of a hybrid-similarity exemplar model on its ability to account for the context-dependent memorability of items embedded in high-dimensional category spaces. According to the model, recognition judgments are based on the summed similarity of test items to studied exemplars. The model allows for the idea that ‚Äúself-similarity‚Äù among objects differs due to matching on highly salient distinctive features. Participants viewed a study list of rock images belonging to geologically defined categories where the number of studied items from each category was manipulated, and their old-new recognition performance was then tested. With a minimum of parameter estimation, the model provided good accounts of changing levels of memorability due to contextual effects of category size, within- and between-category similarity, and the presence of distinctive features. We discuss future directions for improving upon the current predictions from the model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Memory; Computational Modeling; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rf1n6r9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nosofsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Osth", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21462/galley/11061/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21462/galley/21907/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24840, "title": "HyperDocs, GIFs, and Collaboration Boards: Online Writing Instruction Supports for English Learners", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "During traditional, in-person writing instruction, teachers can quickly model tasks for students, students have clear directions for following lesson sequences step-by-step, and partner or group collaboration can begin by simply asking students to turn to whomever is sitting next to\nthem. Online instruction poses challenges to these typical classroom dynamics, especially for teaching writing. This article highlights some tools (HyperDocs, GIFs, and collaboration boards, including Jamboard and Padlet) that I have integrated into the National Writing Project’s\n“College, Career, and Community Writer’s Program” (C3WP), an argument writing curriculum. In addition to making the units of instruction generally effective for online instruction, these specific adaptations are also designed to support English learners (ELs) as they learn writing skills in an online setting. In each section, I discuss the given tool, provide a rationale for why the tool fits the task originally outlined in the writing program, and explain the effectiveness of the tool for ELs.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "C3WP" }, { "word": "HyperDocs" }, { "word": "GIFs" }, { "word": "Jamboard" }, { "word": "Padlet" }, { "word": "computer-assisted language learning (CALL)" } ], "section": "Theme Section - Leveraging Educational Technology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g6700t7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kelsey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeCamillis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/24840/galley/14434/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24104, "title": "Iconic Artificial Language Learning in the Field: An Experiment with San Martín Peras Mixtec Speakers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The present study examines the feasibility of conducting iconic artificial language learning (ALL) experiments in a fieldwork setting. We taught the pictographic language from Shapiro and Steinert-Threlkeld (2023) to speakers of San Martín Peras Mixtec in Oaxaca, Mexico. In a qualitative analysis, we explore whether these speakers display similar word-ordering behaviors to those observed among other populations, while developing insights for future ALL field experiments. We show that iconic ALL offers a promising path forward for including understudied communities in the cognitive sciences.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language learning; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ds5n1qs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Naomi", "middle_name": "Tachikawa", "last_name": "Shapiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud Universiteit", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hedding", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Steinert-Threlkeld", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24104/galley/13698/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24104/galley/21249/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24603, "title": "Iconic Gestures – a Double-Edged Sword for Creative Imagery", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Hand gestures have been shown to enhance overall verbal divergent and convergent creative thinking, especially for people with high imagery. In the present study, we tested whether gestures can also boost creative imagery, or creative visual imagination, as both creativity and gestures might rely on visuospatial skills. Participants first generated ideas regarding a simple unfinished figure and then completed the figure with their favorite idea. Spontaneous and encouraged gesture frequencies during idea generation and verbal descriptions of the idea before drawing it were calculated. We found that iconic gestures produced when generating ideas could lead to more vivid and original creative imagery. However, gesturing during idea description could result in reduced transformativeness (i.e., reduced modification and flexibility when drawing). These findings suggest that iconic gestures can be beneficial for visual creative imagery when generating ideas. However, once we settle on a particular idea, gesturing about it might hinder creative flexibility.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Creativity; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6v28j5cp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gyulten", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hyusein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gürer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melek Ōyküm", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yal烱n", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Goethe University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tilbe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Göksun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24603/galley/17768/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24772, "title": "Iconic prioritization and Representational Silence in emotion", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Emotions can be insensitive to certain attributes of a situation. A large body of evidence shows that information on probabilities, large numerical counts, or intentions is frequently disregarded in the elicitation and regulation of emotions. To date, no existing theory comprehensively accounts for the features that tend to be overlooked by emotion. In this paper I call attention to the common denominator of such features: they cannot be perceived nor contribute to the iconic representation of events. For instance, the exceedingly low probability of a plane crash does not affect its imagistic representation (i.e., the iconic representation of the event is silent about the event's probability). I introduce the Iconic Prioritization Hypothesis, positing that the prioritization of the iconic format in emotion can explain the neglect of information that is representationally silent in this format. Emotion may favour iconicity as it is the format of immediate, first-hand evidence about our surroundings.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Decision making; Emotion; Perception; Representation; Sensory Processing" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5z6370wf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rivadulla-Duró", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24772/galley/21251/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24772/galley/14370/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24772/galley/18227/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24772/galley/21251/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21438, "title": "Identifying Cognitive Processes and Neural Substrates of Spatial Transformation in a Mental Folding Task with Cognitive Modeling", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The cognitive processes underlying mental folding have been investigated for decades, while the neural correlates associated with this spatial transformation are barely understood. This study combines cognitive modeling with EEG recordings from 41 subjects to investigate the general mechanisms of mental spatial transformation. By linking model-based simulation and electrocortical activity, we identified brain areas involved during mental folding. Our novel approach showed active central parietal and left parietal, as well as occipital areas during spatial storage, while the right parietal cortex was associated with spatial transformation. The left occipital and parietal regions were active especially during visual baseline trials, while the right parietal region exhibited stronger activity for more difficult folding trials, replicating previous results. The varying activation patterns imply different cognitive loads for storage and for transformation depending on task difficulty.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Cognitive architectures; Spatial cognition; Electroencephalography (EEG); Symbolic computational modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/92p2z4p7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Preuss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Berlin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hilton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Berlin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Klaus", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gramann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Berlin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Russwinkel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universität zu Lübeck", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21438/galley/11037/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21438/galley/21883/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24216, "title": "If it looks like online control, it is probably model-based control", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The interception of moving targets is a fundamental sensorimotor task involving perception and action. For this task, the dominant approach has been to model the behavioral dynamics using online control laws such as the constant bearing angle strategy, which explain behavior without assuming internal models. Here, we derive a Bayesian model-based optimal control model of an interception task and compare it against the constant bearing angle strategy. First, we show that both models equivalently capture average trajectories, suggesting that observing the interception trajectories in an experiment cannot adjudicate between the two models. However, including realistic levels of perceptual uncertainty, motor variability, and sensorimotor delays leads online control without an internal model to quickly deteriorate in interception performance. We conclude that the empirically observed robustness of the constant bearing angle strategy speaks against a direct coupling of environmental variables and behavior, but instead implies some form of internal model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Action; Perception; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0gk118nw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dominik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Straub", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technical University of Darmstadt", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Constantin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rothkopf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technical University of Darmstadt", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24216/galley/13812/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24216/galley/21252/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24666, "title": "\"I hear you! But conversing together is a bit different...!\": Interactional dynamics in children with cochlear implants", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Even when early implanted, children with cochlear implants show heterogeneous language skills and often struggle with pragmatic communication aspects. Research aimed at elucidating specific weaknesses at the interactional level has yielded inconsistent findings. We analyse dyadic interactions involving nine hearing-impaired children and fourteen normal-hearing children engaging with an adult during a referential (treasure-hunting) task, periodically alternated with role-reversal sub-tasks (e.g., child-led referential-tasks, child-storytelling). Our investigation employs a multi-level analysis approach, encompassing acoustic features (F0, intensity, speech duration, speech rate), turn-taking dynamics (duration, gaps, overlaps), laughter responsiveness and pragmatic functions, convergence of these features, dialogue acts, contingency, and task success. We compare interactional patterns across groups and conditions. The adoption of a multi-level characterization is grounded in the hypothesis that alignment at \"lower levels\" serves a functional role and concurrently offers insights into alignment at a conceptual level, thereby facilitating mutual understanding and conversational success, giving insights on underpinning neuro-psychological processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Discourse; Dynamical Systems; Interactive behavior; Pragmatics; Clinical methods; Corpus studies; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fk5r90p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chiara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mazzocconi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Céline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hidalgo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "La Timone Children's Hospital", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charlie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hallart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Leonardo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lancia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roxane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bertrand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille Université", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stéphane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "La Timone Children's Hospital", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schön", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24666/galley/20863/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24666/galley/14264/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24666/galley/18068/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24666/galley/20863/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24502, "title": "Illusory Contour Clarity does not guide visual search but Surface Representations do", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigated the impact of illusory contour clarity and surface representations on visual search for Kanizsa figures. Experiment 1 manipulated illusory contour clarity through inducer size, while Experiment 2 manipulated clarity by varying the number of arcs in the inducer pacman. Both experiments compared Kanizsa figures with non-illusory figures under the same manipulation conditions. The findings from both experiments suggested that illusory contour clarity did not significantly influence Kanizsa figure search performance, but rather suggested a Kanizsa advantage over non-illusory figures, underscoring the importance of surface representations. Experiment 3 explored the effects of surface alterations on Kanizsa figures and smoothed counterparts, and confirmed that surface alterations had discernible effects on visual search for Kanizsa illusory contours. The results indicated that visual search for Kanizsa illusory contours remained robust, unaffected by variations in illusory contour clarity, thereby emphasizing the role of surface representations in guiding visual search processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Perception; Vision; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02q1j9vh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zorana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zupan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Belgrade", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Vasilije", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gvozdenovic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24502/galley/21253/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24502/galley/14099/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24502/galley/21253/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24058, "title": "\"I'm going to choose a Hibble\": Social and statistical reasoning in DEI contexts", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Disparate impact rules are formally neutral but indirectly discriminate against protected groups (i.e., by targeting a characteristic that is more prevalent in a given group). Because these rules are not obviously malicious, they have been widely enacted to circumvent policies against explicit discrimination. In a series of four experiments, we show that adults and children are sensitive to the moral implications of disparate impact rules. However, we also find that they are more accepting of these rules when strong justification is provided, compared to rules with no justification. Crucially, demographic differences also impact people's judgments of disparate impact rules and their creators. We find that conservatives and those from groups not directly affected by the rule tend to be more accepting of it. By studying people's reasoning about disparate impact rules, this work aims to identify the mechanisms by which these rules may evade detection. Finally, we discuss how these insights may inform the development of interventions that highlight the problematic effects of indirectly discriminatory policies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Social cognition; Statistical learning; Theory of Mind" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rj604sb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aarthi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Popat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yarrow", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dunham", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24058/galley/13652/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24058/galley/21759/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21597, "title": "\"I'm here for my gender, not my skill\": Causal reasoning shapes beliefs about merit in response to DEI initiatives", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Although well-intentioned diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives aim to increase minority representation in elite groups, they can sometimes backfire by causing candidates to question whether they were selected for merit. Prior work in social psychology suggests that this effect is driven mainly by stereotype threat. Here, we propose a novel cognitive framework: DEI initiatives backfire due to causal inference. Specifically, when candidates hear that they were selected based on a DEI initiative and/or enter a group where they are a minority, they may hypothesize that their selection was based more on their identity and less on their merit. Across two pre-registered experiments manipulating selection messages (DEI vs. merit) and statistical gender representation (represented or under-represented in the selected group), we find evidence in favor of our hypothesis. DEI messages and under-representation independently caused successful candidates to attribute their selection more to their identity and less to their merit but did not directly impact perceptions of competence. A third pre-registered experiment revealed that women selectively rated themselves as less competent in DEI contexts when selection tasks were more difficult. Taken together, this work shows that people make different causal hypotheses about their selection into elite groups based on DEI messages and group composition in conjunction with selection task difficulty and their social identity. Importantly, this work paves the way for designing DEI-based initiatives that license more helpful causal inferences about success to ensure that minority candidates thrive in their positions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Social cognition; Statistical learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xx4t407", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aarthi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Popat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Julia", "middle_name": "Anne", "last_name": "Leonard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21597/galley/11196/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21597/galley/21990/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24628, "title": "Impact of cognitive abilities on reading and writing skills of a dyslexic Chinese-English bilingual child", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper discusses a case study of a 10-year-old Chinese-English bilingual boy, who has developmental dyslexia. The boy exhibits a discrepancy in his reading and writing abilities in both languages, which is believed to be due to the distinct orthographic characteristics and cognitive requirements of the two languages. The study investigated the reasons for his literacy skills profile from both orthographic and cognitive perspectives by evaluating the boy's working memory, literacy skills, receptive vocabulary, and cognitive abilities in both languages. Preliminary findings revealed that while the child's cognitive profile was consistent across both languages, his reading and writing accuracy in Chinese was lower compared to TD Chinese-English bilinguals, with greater difficulties in Chinese writing. This case study reinforces the cognitive account theory, suggesting that the varying cognitive demands needed for literacy skill development can result in differences in these skills, particularly regarding accuracy, in bilingual children (Sambai et al., 2022).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Linguistics; Language development; Case studies; Developmental analysis" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5893h2kc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Catherine", "middle_name": "Shee-hei", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong Metropolitan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Emily Ge", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hao-yan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong Metropolitan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24628/galley/21254/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24628/galley/14225/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24628/galley/17999/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24628/galley/21254/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24623, "title": "Impact of dancers' music-induced emotions on their body movements", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Dancers vividly express joy, grief, and other emotions through their body movements, which reflect the deliberate expression of certain emotions and also the unintentional emotions. Research has shown that the speed of performers' movements varies according to the emotions deliberately expressed. However, no study has examined the non-deliberate emotions. Therefore, this study examined dancers' unintentionally exposed emotions through their movements. Seventeen semi-professional dancers performed a neutral choreography to three music types‚Äîjoy-inducing music, sadness-inducing music, and a metronome‚Äîand their performances were compared. Changes in the dancers' body movements were measured using a motion-capture system. Results showed that body movements were generally faster and more dynamic with emotion-inducing music compared to the metronome. While the speed of pelvic movements was more when they danced to joy-inducing music, arm movement was more apparent for sadness-inducing music. These findings help understand the unintentional emotion-expression dynamics in dance.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Dance; Emotion; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1s1272t1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yukina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Natsume", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTT Communication Science Laboratories", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aiko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Murata", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kazuaki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Honda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Naoki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saijo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTT Communication Science Laboratories", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24623/galley/21255/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24623/galley/14220/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24623/galley/17989/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24623/galley/21255/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21645, "title": "Impact of Latent State Cues on Behavior in Repeated Games", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In social interactions, inferring the interaction partner's hidden mental state is crucial for predicting their actions and optimiz- ing our responses. Effective models for this inference must account for how these mental states evolve due to the interac- tion history and environmental changes. For example, recog- nizing someone's emotional state can help forecast their be- havior. Our study investigates how making these latent states visible influences decision-making in social interactions. Us- ing the repeated trust game paradigm, we show how to use hid- den Markov models (HMM) to formally represent latent state dependent strategies of the players. HMMs fitted to human dyadic play in the trust game are then used to specify adap- tive AI agents that simulate changes in mental dispositions of human players, such as the level of trust in the opponent, dur- ing a repeated interaction. Making these artificial HMM based agents take the role of the investor and interact with real hu- man trustees, we then explore how displaying ‚Äúemotion‚Äù cues to the opponent's latent state affects people's actions. We find that the presence of cues was associated with more cooperative behavior from the human trustees, and that patterns of behav- ior that promote the maintenance of cooperation emerged in the presence of latent state cues and were transferred to set- tings where the cues were subsequently hidden.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Emotion; Intelligent agents; Interactive behavior; Social cognition; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0065d3hc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ismail", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guennouni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maarten", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Speekenbrink", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kaitlyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21645/galley/11244/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21645/galley/14553/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21645/galley/22026/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24594, "title": "Impact of nameability, presentation configuration, and placement structure on object location memory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We investigated the impact of nameability, presentation configuration, and placement structure on object location memory. In Experiment 1, participants memorized photos of nameable and unnameable objects presented at one of four screen locations, either one or four objects at a time. After a filled retention interval, they were presented again centrally, and participants indicated the position where they were previously located. Results revealed a substantial memory advantage for nameable objects. Presentation configuration had no effect. In Experiment 2, we replicated these findings and additionally investigated the role of placement structure by presenting objects either in the corners or on the left/right/top/bottom position of the screen. Memory was better for horizontal/vertical placement, but only for nameable objects. Thus, nameable objects profit from semantic encoding, which can be further improved by simple orientation cues. Notably, with an average accuracy of 50%, location memory was not as \"massive\" as suggested in previous studies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Memory; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0k74j1sw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Flurina", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Brodwolf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bern", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Beat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bern", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24594/galley/21256/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24594/galley/14191/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24594/galley/21256/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24838, "title": "Impact of Undocumented Immigrants on Adult ESL during COVID-19 and Beyond", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "All over the United States, adult ESL programs enroll students who are undocumented immigrants, often unbeknownst to the instructors who teach them. During the COVID-19 crisis, adult ESL enrollments decreased overall, but most especially for the undocumented immigrants who were most disadvantaged during the crisis. In order for program administrators and instructors to better understand the situation, this article explores who those with undocumented status are, why they have come to the US, and how well they are being served\nby public and private institutions and organizations. It details the nationality and settlement patterns of the undocumented immigrants as well as reasons for their departure from their homes around the world and their journeys to the United States. This article also discusses solutions for issues undocumented students face, including pedagogical approaches addressing the needs of undocumented learners given their migration experiences, funding to expand classrooms and hire teachers qualified to meet the needs of these students, and better collaboration between public schools and nonprofit organizations.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "adult ESL" }, { "word": "undocumented immigrants" }, { "word": "Trauma" }, { "word": "pedagogical approaches" }, { "word": "advocacy" } ], "section": "Theme Section - Teaching the Whole Student", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/52n9s3d0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Eyring", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/24838/galley/14432/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24377, "title": "Implementing Self Models Through Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Self models contribute to key functional domains of human intelligence that are not yet presented in today's artificial intelligence. One important aspect of human problem-solving involves the use of conceptual self-knowledge to detect self-relevant information presented in the environment, which guides the subsequent retrieval of autobiographical memories that are relevant to the task at hand. This process enables each human to behave self-consistently in our own way across complex situations, manifested as self-interest and trait-like characteristics. In this paper, we outline a computational framework that implements the conceptual aspect of human self models through a modified version of the joint-embedding predictive architecture. We propose that through the incorporation of human-like autobiographical memory retrieval and self-importance evaluation, the modified architecture could support machine agents with significantly enhanced self-consistency, which could be applied to deliver more believable simulations of human behaviors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Cognitive architectures; Memory; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8n92h1pt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frances", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Santa Barbara", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dezhi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Luo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24377/galley/13974/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24377/galley/21257/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24687, "title": "Implicit Bias in Language Models -- A Narrative Literature Review with Systematic Elements", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Implicit biases are a common source of prejudicial decision-making in society. While the use of language models might be intended to eliminate human bias and prevent harmful prejudice, they are trained on human-generated linguistic data and thus inherit human-like biased attitudes. We conducted a narrative review of implicit attitudes in linguistic models, drawing on literature from artificial intelligence, social psychology, and cognitive science. Drawn from experimental data, our findings suggest an important link between statistical patterns in language and the implicit biases displayed by people. While several efforts have been made to capture the levels of bias in language models, there is no contribution yet that focuses on the causal nature of the relationship between language and implicit bias in language models. This literature review highlights the state of the art in this growing field, identifies gaps in the literature, and showcases challenges for further research in the future.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Language and thought; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nm5q1pd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kiy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maynooth University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dermot", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lynott", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maynooth University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Diarmuid", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Donoghue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Maynooth University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24687/galley/21258/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24687/galley/14285/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24687/galley/18111/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24687/galley/21258/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24317, "title": "Improved classification accuracy in deep vision models does not come with better predictions of perceptual similarity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Over the last years, advancements in deep learning models for computer vision have led to a dramatic improvement in their image classification accuracy. However, models with a higher accuracy in the task they were trained on do not necessarily develop better image representations that allow them to also perform better in other tasks they were not trained on. In order to investigate the representation learning capabilities of prominent high-performing computer vision models, we investigated how well they capture various indices of perceptual similarity from large-scale behavioral datasets. We find that higher image classification accuracy rates are not associated with a better performance on these datasets, and in fact we observe no improvement in performance since GoogLeNet (released 2015) and VGG-M (released 2014). We speculate that more accurate classification may result from hyper-engineering towards very fine-grained distinctions between highly similar classes, which does not incentivize the models to capture overall perceptual similarities.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Psychology; Representation; Semantics; Vision; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rq7811b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fritz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Günther", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marelli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Milano-Bicocca", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Petilli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Milano-Bicocca", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24317/galley/13913/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24317/galley/21259/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21316, "title": "Improving Concepts in Cognitive Science", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Please, see the workshop's website here: https://sites.google.com/view/cogconcepts\n\nThe goal of this workshop is to initiate an interdisciplinary conversation about reconceptualizing cognitive science disciplines. This workshop will bring together researchers proposing new conceptualizations in their disciplines, cognitive scientists investigating the mechanisms of concept learning and the role of concepts in human cognition, researchers building infrastructures to study and improve cognitive concepts, and philosophers analyzing scientific conceptualizations. The workshop will include activities which will prompt the audience to think about the conceptual foundations of their respective areas, and about ways to improve these foundations. These activities are designed to maximize audience participation and include panel discussions, as well as mind-matching sessions. One of the outcomes of the workshop is identifying the diversity of approaches for improving cognitive science concepts that could be relevant to both discipline-wide and more specific efforts.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Neuroscience; Philosophy; Psychology; Concepts and categories" } ], "section": "Workshops", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72v1s5bh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dubova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University Bloomington", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "Feldman", "last_name": "Barrett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goldstone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sebastian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Musslick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Osnabrück", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Russell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Poldrack", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21316/galley/10913/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21316/galley/10915/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21316/galley/15680/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21316/galley/21260/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24378, "title": "Improving the Readability of Scientific Concept Analogies with Cognitive Conflict Reinforcement Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large language models are increasingly being used for education and science communication by automatically generating explanations of scientific concepts. However, prior research has found that the analogies produced by LLMs lack human-like psycholinguistic properties important for readability. In this work, we propose cognitive conflict reinforcement learning (CCRL) to improve the psycholinguistic properties of analogies generated by LLMs. Specifically, we create cognitive conflict between the original LLM and a cloned LLM during reinforcement learning. This helps address the cognitive rigidity problem in LLMs. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms existing RL algorithms and human performance in improving various readability metrics of generated analogies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Analogy; Cognitive architectures; Natural Language Processing; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mz3n583", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yuang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yuan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jinsheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Han", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhenyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zijie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24378/galley/13975/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24378/galley/21261/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24110, "title": "(In)Accuracy of Human-Generated Correlations in A Scatterplot Drawing Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Previous research on perception of correlation of scatterplots used scatterplots as stimuli and asked participants to estimate or compare correlations of those scatterplots. This literature has shown a tendency for people to underestimate correlation in some correlation ranges. We flipped the task: instead of estimating correlation from visual stimuli, participants drew a scatterplot based on a given correlation: 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 using 20 dots. Participants drew greater correlations for r = 0.25 and r = 0.5 (0.59 and 0.71 respectively), which is analogous to underestimating correlation in previous viewing tasks. Drawn correlations for r = 0, 0.75 and 1 were more accurate. The number of statistics courses taken did not improve correlation drawing accuracy in a strong or meaningful way. We discuss possible interpretations of these results and future directions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Human-computer interaction; Perception; Sketch understanding; Qualitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/49m756r5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lucy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ching-Yi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Academic", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yiwei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Medha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kini", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zili", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24110/galley/13704/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24110/galley/20866/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21450, "title": "Incoherent Probability Judgments in Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) trained for next-word prediction have demonstrated remarkable proficiency at producing coherent text. But are they equally adept at forming coherent probability judgments? We use probabilistic identities and repeated judgments to assess the coherence of probability judgments made by LLMs. Our results show that the judgments produced by these models are often incoherent, displaying human-like systematic deviations from the rules of probability theory. Moreover, when prompted to judge the same event, the mean-variance relationship of probability judgments produced by LLMs shows an inverted-U-shaped like that seen in humans. We propose that these deviations from rationality can be explained by linking autoregressive LLMs to implicit Bayesian inference and drawing parallels with the Bayesian Sampler model of human probability judgments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Intelligent agents; Natural Language Processing; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2r68p98c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jian-Qiao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Griffiths", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21450/galley/11049/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21450/galley/21895/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24564, "title": "Income Inequality and Status Seeking: A Study Using Large-Scale Human Mobility Data", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Utilizing a large-scale human mobility dataset, this study explores the influence of income inequality on status-seeking behaviour. Existing research suggests that income disparity, typically measured using the Gini coefficient, leads to increased status enhancement tendencies. Our study advocates the use of alternative multi-parameter metrics that capture inequality concentrated within specific income distribution segments. The findings of this analysis, based on foot traffic information from approximately 24,000 clothing stores, suggest that income inequality at both the lower and top ends of the income distribution promotes people's status-seeking behaviour, with lower-concentrated inequality exhibiting a larger effect. Furthermore, our data reveal a negative correlation between visits to ‚Äúhigh-status‚Äù brands and an important element of social capital ‚Äì civic engagement, indicating community participation could potentially counterbalance the need for status enhancement through consumption. Thus, this research provides a nuanced lens on the complex dynamics between income inequality, status-seeking behaviour, and social capital.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Big data; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/625598bk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yuqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ye", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lukasz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walasek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gordon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24564/galley/21264/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24564/galley/14161/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24564/galley/21264/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21424, "title": "Inconsistent Arguments are Perceived as Better Than Appeals to Authority: An Extension of the Everyday Belief Bias", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Social media is often used as a platform where individuals engage in debate regarding topics that are important to them. Not all arguments are equally convincing, and whilst a given argument may be persuasive to some people, it is often seen as inadequate by others. We are interested in both the individual and argument level differences that make ‚Äòeveryday' arguments such as those on social media persuasive. In a replication of our Everyday Belief Bias Task (Deans-Browne & Singmann, 2024), we investigate this question using a paradigm that consists of two parts. In the first part, we measure participant's individual beliefs about eight claims each referring to a political topic (e.g., Abortion should be legal). In the second part, participants rated an argument for each of these claims that was deemed as either good, inconsistent (containing internal inconsistencies), or authority-based (being centered around appeals to authority). We replicated the belief consistency effect ‚Äì participants preferred arguments that were also in line with their beliefs. We also found that authority-based arguments were rated as worse than inconsistent arguments, and that both types of arguments were rated as worse than good arguments. The implications are first that people do not evaluate arguments independently of the background beliefs held about them. Secondly, people are willing to ignore inconsistencies in arguments more than they are willing to accept the endorsement of authority figures as adequate evidence for arguments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Reasoning; Logic" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1w3885q9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Calvin", "middle_name": "Christopher James Lee", "last_name": "Deans-Browne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "BƒÉitanu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuliya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dubinska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCL", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Henrik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Singmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCL", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21424/galley/11023/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21424/galley/21869/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21318, "title": "In-context learning in natural and artificial intelligence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In-context learning refers to the ability of a neural network to learn from information presented in its context. While traditional learning in neural networks requires adjusting network weights for every new task, in-context learning operates purely by updating internal activations without needing any updates to network weights. The emergence of this ability in large language models has led to a paradigm shift in machine learning and has forced researchers to reconceptualize how they think about learning in neural networks. Looking beyond language models, we can find in-context learning in many computational models relevant to cognitive science, including those that emerge from meta-learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer Science; Linguistics; Psychology; Machine learning; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Workshops", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4mz2d084", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Akshay Kumar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jagadish", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Helmholtz Munich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ishita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dasgupta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Google DeepMind", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacques", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pesnot Lerousseau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institut for Communication, Language and the Brain", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marcel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Binz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Helmholtz Munich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21318/galley/10917/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21318/galley/15682/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21318/galley/21263/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24335, "title": "Incorporating a cognitive model for evidence accumulation into deep reinforcement learning agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent neuroscience studies suggest that the hippocampus encodes a low-dimensional ordered representation of evidence through sequential neural activity. Cognitive modelers have proposed a mechanism by which such sequential activity could emerge through the modulation of the decay rate of neurons with exponentially decaying firing profiles. Through a linear transformation, this representation gives rise to neurons tuned to a specific magnitude of evidence, resembling neurons recorded in the hippocampus. Here we integrated this cognitive model inside reinforcement learning agents and trained the agents to perform an evidence accumulation task designed to mimic a task used in experiments on animals. We found that the agents were able to learn the task and exhibit sequential neural activity as a function of the amount of evidence, similar to the activity reported in the hippocampus.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Cognition of Time; Memory; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02j067v8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mochizuki-Freeman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Md Rysul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kabir", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zoran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tiganj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24335/galley/13932/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24335/galley/21265/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24456, "title": "Increasing reward prospect promotes cognitive flexibility: Further evidence from a cued global-local task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Goal-directed behavior requires a dynamic balance between cognitive stability and flexibility. This balance can be modulated by performance-contingent reward. Converging evidence suggests that such rewards promote stability by increasing cue maintenance for response preparation in tasks like the AX continuous performance task. However, task switching studies showed oppositional effects of performance-contingent reward depending on the immediate reward history: Only remaining high reward prospect increases stability, whereas increasing reward prospect increases flexibility. The present study tests whether the flexibility-enhancing effect of increasing reward prospect generalizes beyond task switching scenarios. In a novel cued global-local task, the cue-validity effect served to indicate cognitive flexibility versus stability. Evidence from two experiments shows that increasing reward prospect reduces the cue-validity effects but only in error rates. This suggests more flexibility in terms of increased reactive control compared to remaining high reward prospect, which could be functionally adaptive to prevent extreme stability.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Dynamical Systems; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cn0x682", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kerstin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fröber", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24456/galley/14053/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24456/galley/21266/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24427, "title": "Incremental Comprehension of Garden-Path Sentences by Large Language Models: Semantic Interpretation, Syntactic Re-Analysis, and Attention", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When reading temporarily ambiguous garden-path sentences, misinterpretations sometimes linger past the point of disambiguation. This phenomenon has traditionally been studied in psycholinguistic experiments using online measures such as reading times and offline measures such as comprehension questions. Here, we investigate the processing of garden-path sentences and the fate of lingering misinterpretations using four large language models (LLMs): GPT-2, LLaMA-2, Flan-T5, and RoBERTa. The overall goal is to evaluate whether humans and LLMs are aligned in their processing of garden-path sentences and in the lingering misinterpretations past the point of disambiguation, especially when extra-syntactic information (e.g., a comma delimiting a clause boundary) is present to guide processing. We address this goal using 24 garden-path sentences that have optional transitive and reflexive verbs leading to temporary ambiguities. For each sentence, there are a pair of comprehension questions corresponding to the misinterpretation and the correct interpretation. In three experiments, we (1) measure the dynamic semantic interpretations of LLMs using the question-answering task; (2) track whether these models shift their implicit parse tree at the point of disambiguation (or by the end of the sentence); and (3) visualize the model components that attend to disambiguating information when processing the question probes. These experiments show promising alignment between humans and LLMs in the processing of garden-path sentences, especially when extra-syntactic information is available to guide processing.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Natural Language Processing; Syntax; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/692164d8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xianle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Siddhant", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Narang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Austin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tianle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Raj", "middle_name": "Sanjay", "last_name": "Shah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sashank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Tech", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24427/galley/14024/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24427/galley/21267/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24147, "title": "Index Systems: Enumerating Their Forms and Explaining Their Diversity With Representational Interpretive Structure Theory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Index systems are central to our everyday and intellectual lives. Their ubiquity and diversity make them an important class of cognitive artifacts, the study of which has implications for our understanding of representational systems in general. This paper builds schema-theoretic network models of the nature of the memory structures, that underpin the interpretation of indexing systems. We identify four common classes of index systems. Using Representation Interpretation Structure Theory, we ex-plain how the four basic classes can be responsible for the substantial diversity among index systems.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Externally-supported cognition; Memory; Representation; Computational Modeling; Knowledge representation; Symbolic computational modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00t3d587", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sussex", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Grecia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garcia Garcia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sussex", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raggi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mateja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jamnik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24147/galley/13743/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24147/galley/21268/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24495, "title": "Individual Creativity Versus Team Setting: Where Do the Most Creative Ideas Flourish?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study compares creativity test performance in Individual versus Team settings, addressing a gap in research that mostly focuses on individual outcomes. A total of 120 individuals participated in two sessions. The first session involved cognitive assessments, including the Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM), the Creative Reasoning Test (CRT), and the Test for Creative Thinking‚ÄìDrawing Production (TCT-DP), as well as mood and personality questionnaires. In the second session, participants were assigned to either an Individual or a Team condition (N=3 each), based on and controlling for APM scores. The same assessments, except for the personality questionnaire, were conducted in this second session. In the Team condition, members were encouraged to collaborate in solving the tasks. We tested whether the conditions have a differential effect on the second session performances, particularly on divergent and convergent thinking scores in CRT, and/or on TCT-DP scores and/or on APM scores.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Creativity; Mood; Comparative Studies" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21t659h7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhino", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ebrahimi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lachmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Saskia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jaarsveld", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technisc he Universität Kaiserslautern", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kirstin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bergström", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kaiserslautern-Landau", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24495/galley/14092/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24495/galley/21269/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21639, "title": "Individual Differences in Concept Dominance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The literature on conceptual combination has thus far been limited to research at the aggregate level investigating adjective-noun and noun-noun combinations. One well-established phenomenon within this literature is that of concept dominance (Hampton, 1988), which is the finding that the relative contribution of constituent concepts (for example sport or game) to their conjunction (sport that is also a game) is often very unequal. This exploratory study investigated individual differences in how people understand adjective-adjective-noun combinations, such as long blue coat. Participants rated images of coats varying along the perceptual dimensions of length and color for typicality in two different conjunctions, namely long blue coat and long purple coat. We used multidimensional scaling (MDS) to construct an aggregate coat space from similarity data collected with the Spatial Arrangement Method (SpAM). Using external unfolding, we modeled participants' typicality judgements by representing their individual typicality data as vectors within the aggregate MDS space, such that orthogonal projections from the coats onto the vectors represent their perceived typicality in the conjunctions. We did not find strong evidence for concept dominance at the aggregate level; however, we did find evidence for concept dominance at the individual level, with marked individual differences in the extent of dominance and which dimension was dominant. The validation of external unfolding for research into conceptual combination comes with new research possibilities, several of which are proposed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Language and thought; Representation; Semantic memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8mm42169", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Willem Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Louter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jabbari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sandra", "middle_name": "Blythin", "last_name": "Constantinou Juhasz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verheyen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21639/galley/11238/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21639/galley/14547/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21639/galley/22027/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24414, "title": "Individual differences in multimodal child-directed language: Unraveling individual style, empathy and the Big Five personality traits", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We studied individual differences in broadcasters' multimodal adult-directed and child-directed communication. Forty-six female future broadcasters simulated live broadcasts for both adults and children. Effects of speakers' individual styles, empathy and the Big Five personality traits on adult-directed and child-directed language (e.g., prosody, linguistic features and gestures) were examined. Results showed that all multimodal cues in adult-directed and child-directed language were highly correlated, but there were larger individual variations in the degree of adjustments between the two language registers. Moreover, empathy and certain personality traits could not only predict multimodal language production, but also the degree of adjustments for child-directed communication. For example, higher-empathetic participants speak faster, louder with a higher pitch, use diverse but more frequent words, and produce more salient referential gestures. In conclusion, despite an individual language style, empathy and the Big Five personality traits influence speakers' multimodal language production and the degree of audience design.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Cognitive Humanities; Empathy; Language Production; Language understanding; Comparative Analysis; Comparative Studies; Corpus studies; Gesture analysis; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/922774vn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yanran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg university", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Essex", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24414/galley/14011/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24414/galley/21270/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24785, "title": "Individual Differences in Self-Referential versus Learning-Oriented Metaphors on Learning Outcomes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Do metaphors for learning influence how well we remember new information? We tested whether reading a learning-oriented metaphor (i.e., emphasizing learning processes and outcomes) versus a self-referential metaphor (i.e., emphasizing motivational or emotional aspects of learning) can affect how well new information is learned. Participants were randomly assigned to read either a paragraph likening learning to a long hiking tour (self-referential condition), a paragraph likening learning to expanding a library in one's mind (learning-oriented condition), or no paragraph (no metaphor condition). Then participants learned a new mnemonic technique, the Method of Loci, and had to apply it to a sentence-learning task. The effect of metaphor on sentence memory depended on participants' education level. People with college degrees learned better in the self-referential condition than the learning-oriented condition, whereas people without college degrees showed the opposite pattern. These findings identify novel individual differences in how metaphors for learning influence learning outcomes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Analogy; Language and thought; Learning; Memory" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c77706r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Toskos Dils", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Purchase College, SUNY", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24785/galley/21271/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24785/galley/14383/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24785/galley/18240/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24785/galley/21271/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24591, "title": "Individually-optimal causal structure judgments in a descriptive Bayesian model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Causal inference plays a crucial role in humans' success in navigating the world. Fortunately then, numerous studies suggest that people are highly adept at making these inferences. Examining judgments of causal structure across numerous studies, Griffiths and Tenenbaum (2005) found that people's average judgments tracked the predictions of an optimal Bayesian model of the task. However, Tauber et al. (2017) show that aggregate behavior may appear optimal even when few individuals exhibit optimal patterns of responses. Here, I applied hierarchical Bayesian cognitive modeling approaches to a new study of causal structure judgments (N = 80) to examine the optimality of causal structure judgments at the individual level. Expanding the findings of Griffiths and Tenenbaum (2005), I found that the majority of participants' causal structure judgments were well-explained by an optimal Bayesian model (avg. r = .86). These findings suggest that human cognitive capacities are truly well-attuned to the causal inference task.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6t84z438", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Derek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Powell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Arizona State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24591/galley/21272/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24515, "title": "Infants' evaluation of expected information gain in a gaze-contingent paradigm", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Research on infants' observational behavior has predominantly focused on retrospective information gain, leaving the role of prospective evaluation of information gain unclear. We examined 12-month-olds' use of information sources in an eye-tracking study, where participants could use their gaze to 'shake' two out of three boxes to locate a hidden character through auditory cues. Across two pre-registered experiments, we manipulated the probability distributions for character locations to assess forward-looking exploratory strategies. Findings from Experiment 1 with a uniform distribution suggest that while infants learned task contingencies, their choices did not align with maximizing expected information gain, leaning instead towards confirmatory hypothesis testing. Experiment 2 employs a non-uniform probability distribution for character locations to rule out alternative explanations of Experiment 1. In this setup, one box pair provides more information gain, while the other provides confirmatory evidence. Data collection is in progress, results will be presented at the conference.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Attention; Cognitive development; Statistical learning; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gx6p75r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bàlint", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pomiechowska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Agnes", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kovacs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CEU", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24515/galley/21274/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24515/galley/14112/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24515/galley/21274/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24277, "title": "Infants expect an agent to choose a goal that can be reached at a lower cost", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "According to prominent accounts of early action understanding, infants' interpretation of others' actions is undergirded by an assumption of utility maximization. However, it is unclear whether this assumption applies only to selection among actions or also to selection among goals. Here, using an eye-tracking paradigm, we investigated whether 14- to 16-month-old infants would predict an agent to choose a lower-cost option when faced with two identical outcomes that could be reached at different costs. Infants directed more looks to the lower-cost option, and this effect was not merely due to visual saliency. These findings corroborate the proposal that infants rely on utility maximization when reasoning about an agent's likely goal and provide evidence of an early ability to represent and compare alternatives in the context of goal attribution.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive development; Concepts and categories; Reasoning; Social cognition; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1j3975n4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schlingloff-Nemecz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gergely", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Csibra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Denis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tatone", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pomiechowska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Birmingham", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24277/galley/13873/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24277/galley/21273/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21354, "title": "Infants Point to Satisfy the Epistemic Needs of Their Communicative Partner", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Pragmatic theories assume that during communicative exchanges humans strive to be optimally informative and spontaneously adjust their communicative signals to satisfy their addressee's epistemic needs. To investigate this ability in infants, we designed a task in which 18-month-olds had to point at the target object they wanted to receive. In Experiment 1, we found that when the target was placed behind a distractor object, infants appropriately modified their pointing to avoid mistakenly indicating the distractor to their partner. When the objects were covered, and their communicative partner had no information (Experiment 2) or incorrect information (Experiment 3) about the target's location ‚Äì as opposed to being knowledgeable about it ‚Äì infants pointed at the target more often and employed modified pointing more frequently when it was necessary. This demonstrates that 18-month-olds can take into account their communicative partner's epistemic states and provide her with relevant information through optimally informative deictic gestures.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Development; Pragmatics; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3gr3p57b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tibor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tauzin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Vienna", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josep", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Call", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of St Andrews", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gyorgy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gergely", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21354/galley/10953/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21354/galley/21799/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21431, "title": "Infants Track Environmental Volatility to Optimize Their Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Infants' bodies, brains, and environments are ever-changing. Although this continuous transformation is a fundamental feature of development, how infants actively adapt and learn amidst such volatility is still unknown. To address this, we devised a novel learning task in which the location of a reward was systematically altered, transitioning from stable to volatile periods. Through computational modelling, we inferred from the infants' gaze and pupil data the learning processes that enabled them to navigate these changing environments. We found that infants' tonic pupil size reflected trial-by-trial changes in the level of environmental volatility. Moreover, phasic changes in pupil size when observing the reward indicated that infants relied on the information about volatility to optimize their learning. This resulted in the successful performance of the task, as indicated by the pattern of anticipatory looks to the correct reward locations. Together, these results identify the active role that infants play in adapting to change.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Development; Learning; Predictive Processing; Computational Modeling; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/68r1k5gh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Francesco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Poli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tommaso", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ghilardi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jana", "middle_name": "H. M.", "last_name": "Bersee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rogier B.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mars", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sabine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hunnius", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Donders Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21431/galley/11030/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21431/galley/21876/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24381, "title": "InfCTI-ImpCTI: Inferring and Implementing Clinicians' Treatment Intentions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In the field of medical decision-making, understanding the treatment intentions of clinicians is crucial for effective treatment strategies. However, these intentions are often implicit and challenging to quantify. In this paper, we propose a novel two-module model to infer and implement clinicians' treatment intentions through treatment records. We construct the InfCTI module, which infers intentions and quantifies them numerically, and the ImpCTI module, which generates treatment strategies based on inferred intentions. Our experiments demonstrate that the treatment strategies obtained by ImpCTI reflect clinicians' intentions and the intention values obtained by InfCTI are reasonable. This model has the potential to improve the quality of care provided to patients.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Action; Decision making; Representation; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5654g25f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jinsheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yuan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Han", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhenyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zijie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24381/galley/13978/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24381/galley/21275/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24805, "title": "Inferences about social networks using domain-general reasoning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People use incomplete social network information to infer relationships. For example, if two individuals have many mutual friends, people infer they are friends with each other. We examined whether these inferences depend on domain-specific knowledge about social relationships, or instead depend on domain general-reasoning about statistics and proportions. In two experiments, participants (N=526) either saw partial information about social networks, like friendships between people, or about non-social networks, like wired connections between electrical parts. They then judged if two entities in each network were directly connected to each other. The entities varied in the number of connections and the proportion of mutual connections. People made similar judgments across social and non-social networks: with greater proportion of mutual connections, the two entities were judged as more likely to be connected to each other. In sum, inferences about networks might primarily depend on reasoning about statistics and proportions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/19z9k0p3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Claudia", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Sehl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Friedman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Denison", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24805/galley/21276/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24805/galley/14403/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24805/galley/18260/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24805/galley/21276/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24120, "title": "Inferential abilities in Down syndrome: Examining verbal and nonverbal contributors to narrative comprehension in adolescents and adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Language profiles of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) reveal a pattern of heterogeneous abilities, with receptive vocabulary exhibiting strengths over receptive grammar, and expressive language lagging behind. Little is known about inferential abilities in this population, in either children or adults, despite inferencing playing a pivotal role in language comprehension. Inferential abilities are particularly relevant to the successful understanding of narratives, as story plots combine explicit (factual) and implicit (inferential) information.\nThis study investigated inferential abilities in 26 English-speaking adolescents and adults with DS (age: 13-43, M=22.9 years) compared to 23 young vocabulary-matched typical controls (age: 4-11, M=6.96 years). Inferencing was assessed through a narrative comprehension task, which targeted understanding of story characters' goals and internal states (ISs). Participants with DS showed poorer comprehension of inferential questions, across both goals and ISs, with vocabulary level and receptive grammar positively contributing to the comprehension of inferences. Working memory showed a positive albeit non-significant relationship with inferencing ability, while executive functioning skills had no effect. Our results suggest that difficulties understanding, and potentially expressing, inferential information relating to story characters' goals and ISs persevere into adulthood in individuals with DS. Such difficulties are moderated by general verbal abilities and seem driven by poor grammatical skills. We discuss the contributions of verbal and nonverbal abilities to inference-making in Down syndrome, and potential implications for future research.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Causal reasoning; Cognitive development; Language development; Language understanding; Pragmatics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fr5k0c2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Elisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mattiauda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London (UCL)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Onur", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ōzsoy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leibniz-Center General Linguistics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gagarina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ZAS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perovic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24120/galley/13714/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24120/galley/21277/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24774, "title": "Inferring errors and intended meanings with a generative model of language production in aphasia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We propose a generative modeling framework of impaired language production and an inference framework that models rational comprehension of impaired language. Given a task (e.g. picture-description), we approximate the prior distribution over intended sentences using a language model trained on unimpaired speakers' utterances. We define a generative model of operations (e.g., semantic and phonological errors, retracing, filled pauses) that intervene on the intended sentence to yield an utterance. The model is implemented in the Gen probabilistic programming language, with data from AphasiaBank's ‚ÄòWindow' picture-description task. Given observed utterances, a particle filter estimates posterior probabilities for latent variables (e.g. the speaker's intended sentence or sequence of errors). Our framework models comprehension as inference on a generative model of production, and provides a way to quantify incremental processing difficulty for impaired language in a way that combines a language model prior with explicit reasoning about errors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Linguistics; Psychology; Language Production; Language understanding; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/26s7j9d5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clark", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roger", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Levy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24774/galley/21278/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24774/galley/14372/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24774/galley/18229/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24774/galley/21278/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24616, "title": "Inferring Musical Structure - A Hybrid Approach Combining Probabilistic Models and Reinforcement Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "How do humans infer the structural interpretations of a piece of music from its basic elements? Since recursive elaboration is an important structural principle in several musical traditions, generative probabilistic models are a useful tool for characterizing musical interpretation as a probabilistic inference problem. However, due to the high degree of ambiguity and combinatorial complexity of even short excerpts of music, exact inference (e.g. finding the \"best\" structural interpretation of a piece) is usually not feasible. The present work proposes a hybrid approach to this problem. An explicit and interpretable probabilistic top-down model is complemented with a heuristic parser that reverses the generative process in a greedy fashion and adapts to feedback from the top-down model via deep reinforcement learning. The combination of these two models bridges the gap between explicit but slow top-down knowledge and immediate musical intuitions on various levels of musicianship.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Machine learning; Music; Perception; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g10x1pv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christoph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Finkensiep", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24616/galley/17976/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24616/galley/21279/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24443, "title": "Infinite Ends from Finite Samples: Open-Ended Goal Inference as Top-Down Bayesian Filtering of Bottom-Up Proposals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The space of human goals is tremendously vast; and yet, from just a few moments of watching a scene or reading a story, we seem to spontaneously infer a range of plausible motivations for the people and characters involved. What explains this remarkable capacity for intuiting other agents' goals, despite the infinitude of ends they might pursue? And how does this cohere with our understanding of other people as approximately rational agents? In this paper, we introduce a sequential Monte Carlo model of open-ended goal inference, which combines top-down Bayesian inverse planning with bottom-up sampling based on the statistics of co-occurring subgoals. By proposing goal hypotheses related to the subgoals achieved by an agent, our model rapidly generates plausible goals without exhaustive search, then filters out goals that would be irrational given the actions taken so far. We validate this model in a goal inference task called Block Words, where participants try to guess the word that someone is stacking out of lettered blocks. In comparison to both heuristic bottom-up guessing and exact Bayesian inference over hundreds of goals, our model better predicts the mean, variance, efficiency, and resource rationality of human goal inferences, achieving similar accuracy to the exact model at a fraction of the cognitive cost, while also explaining garden-path effects that arise from misleading bottom-up cues. Our experiments thus highlight the importance of uniting top-down and bottom-up models for explaining the speed, accuracy, and generality of human theory-of-mind.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Psychology; Language and thought; Problem Solving; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0v14v4j6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhi-Xuan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gloria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vikash", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mansinghka", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24443/galley/14040/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24443/galley/21280/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24764, "title": "Influence of cognitive attributions on humans' recipient design in human-robot interaction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Recipient design, tailoring one's message to an interlocutor's relevant requirements, is a core pragmatic process in human communication. The knowledge shared among interlocutors influences the form and content of the speaker's utterances addressed to a recipient. In a computerized experiment, we investigated whether recipient design is different for robot- and human-recipients and whether it is sensitive to dynamic changes in attributed competence of the addressee. In a word-guessing game. participants described objects and abstract concepts to a robot- and human-recipient, who later guessed the word. The recipient gave incorrect answers in half of the trials. We coded participants' descriptions for linguistic complexity in robot- and human-recipient conditions as well as in trials immediately following correct and incorrect trials. We predicted linguistic complexity of the descriptions to differ by recipient and trial type. Our findings will be discussed in relation to cognitive attributions' influence on recipient design in HRI.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "psychology" }, { "word": "robotics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5r144228", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hande", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sodacı", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aylin", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Küntay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24764/galley/21281/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24764/galley/14362/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24764/galley/18219/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24764/galley/21281/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24355, "title": "Influence of mantra meditation on intensity mismatch negativity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studies investigating the effects of focused attention (FA) meditation on mismatch negativity (MMN) have produced inconsistent and conflicting findings, highlighting the need for well-powered studies exploring different meditation styles to fully understand MMN modulation. Addressing methodological concerns from prior research, the current study specifically examines expertise in mantra meditation, a form of focused attention meditation, utilizing a sufficiently powered investigation with an intensity MMN paradigm. This paradigm incorporates both louder and quieter deviant stimuli to assess the impact of meditation expertise and to discern whether meditation-induced MMN effects reflect higher-order cognitive processes or result from sensory adaptation. While the results suggest a trend of higher MMN in novices compared to experts, statistical significance was not achieved. The modest effect observed is likely due to using novices as an active control group, benefiting from enhanced attention skills fostered by the repetitive speech and rhythmic nature inherent in mantra meditation. The consistent unidirectional polarity shift in event-related potential (ERP) responses to both types of deviant stimuli implies that intensity-related MMN effects may not solely depend on loudness-dependent modulation of sensory components but could signify higher-order deviance detection. Complementary findings from eLORETA source localization indicate consistent bilateral temporal and frontal cortex activity, with lower amplitudes observed in the expert mantra meditator group compared to novices.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Neuroscience; Psychology; Attention; Audition; Perception; Predictive Processing; Sensory Processing; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vh491ct", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chandan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Srivastava", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "IIT Bombay", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jamie", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "O'Reilly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rashmi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gupta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "IIT Bombay", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24355/galley/13952/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24355/galley/21282/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21533, "title": "Influence of Music Education and Interval Size on Grouping of the AB-AB Sequence Sounds", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper discusses an experiment conducted with two groups of participants, composed of musicians and non-musicians, in order to investigate the impact that the speed of a sound sequence and the interval size which selected sounds are played on the grouping of sounds into perceptual streams. Significant differences were observed between musicians and non-musicians with respect to the threshold sequence speed at which the sequence was split into two streams. In modern psychoacoustic studies, the qualifying criteria for listeners usually include otologically normal hearing (verified by audiometric test) and age. The differences in the results for the two groups suggest that the musical background of the participating listeners may be a vital factor. The criterion of musical education should be taken into account during experiments so that the results obtained are reliable, uniform and free from interpretive errors.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Art and Cognition; Learning; Music; Perception; Comparative Analysis; Computer-based experiment; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6db683ch", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosi≈Ñski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21533/galley/11132/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21533/galley/14609/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21533/galley/21283/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24267, "title": "Influence of Vocal Cues on Perception of Traits: Evidence from Educational Context", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The human voice conveys more than just words; acoustic-vocal cues like pitch range and formant dispersion can shape perceptions of a speaker's personality. While research has explored this in various contexts, the impact of vocal cues on perceptions of teachers' traits remains unclear, particularly considering the educational level of listeners. This study investigates how college and secondary students perceive teacher utterances with manipulated acoustic parameters. Results showed that students from both age groups considered voices with a wider pitch range as being uttered by good teachers, but only the secondary students perceived a higher F0 and a wider formant dispersion as a feature of being a good teacher. Those suggest the mappings between teachers' characteristics and acoustic features might be different by age or education level, which could potentially the future teacher training for different levels of education.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Linguistics; Psychology; Attractiveness; Language understanding" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8qb3g0hc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mingyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Purdue University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wenxi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Hong Kong Polytechnic University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "C. W.", "last_name": "Yip", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Education University of Hong Kong", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24267/galley/13863/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24267/galley/21284/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24206, "title": "Information foraging in human-ChatGPT interactions: factors of computational thinking dissociate exploration and exploitation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "LLMs can interact as though they understand language, yet they remain algorithms and can be used as such. This study explores a novel guided interaction design for modeling users' information foraging behavior when navigating GPT-generated content and the role of Computational Thinking skills in shaping such behavior. Conducted with nine educational researchers in a doctoral-level AIEd course, our research used editable prompt templates and keywords to structure the prompt crafting process. We modeled and analyzed participants' behaviors in terms of \\textit{exploration} (to generate and explore various information landscapes) and \\textit{exploitation} (to delve deeper in a specific landscape). Our data, including responses from the Computational Thinking Scale, suggests that Algorithmic Thinking and Creativity might encourage exploitation behavior, leaning more on AI-generated information rather than pre-defined design elements.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Human-computer interaction; Interactive behavior" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d83386g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Pablo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flores", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Helsinki", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cowley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Helsinki", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Helsinki", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24206/galley/13802/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24206/galley/21285/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21491, "title": "Information Locality in the Processing of Classifier-Noun Dependencies in Mandarin Chinese", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper, we report three reading time (RT) experiments (one using self-paced reading and two using A-Maze) that tested the cognitive mechanisms underlying the processing of classifier-noun dependencies in Mandarin Chinese (MC). We leveraged prenominal relative clauses and the contrast between general and specific classifiers in MC, which offered a good testing ground for existing theories of sentence processing. Results from the A-Maze experiments showed both locality and expectation effects. More importantly, we observed an interaction between locality and expectation in the way of Information Locality (Futrell, 2019; Futrell, Gibson, & Levy, 2020): Expectation-driven facilitation was highly constrained by locality effects. To capture the results, we implemented a resource-rational Lossy-Context Surprisal model (Hahn et al., 2022) for MC, which successfully replicated the key patterns in the A-Maze experiments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language understanding; Predictive Processing; Semantics; Syntax; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02m220jt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hailin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Guangdong University of Foreign Studies", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hahn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21491/galley/11090/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21491/galley/21936/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24113, "title": "Informativity and accessibility in incremental production of the dative alternation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Variation in the use of syntactic alternations has long been an explanatory target of language production theories. In this work, we test the predictions of several semantic, pragmatic and psycholinguistic theories of language use for the English dative alternation. We first experimentally test the role of incremental constituent informativity in the dative alternation, and find that contrary to information structural and RSA models of production, informativity has little effect on production preferences. We then more rigorously focus on accessibility effects, demonstrating that a lossy-context automatic policy can recover a key pattern of accessibility. Ultimately, we conclude that audience design pressures likely do not influence incremental production, but simply may affect planning at a broader scope.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language Production; Pragmatics; Syntax; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bf3k1s7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Neil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rathi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brandon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Waldon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgetown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Degen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24113/galley/13707/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24113/galley/21286/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24817, "title": "Informativity effects can be probability effects in disguise", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Several studies found that word duration is predicted by its informativity (average past predictability) above and beyond predictability in the current context, suggesting retrieval of phonetically-specific tokens from memory. We show that a significant effect of informativity can emerge from noise in predictability estimates. We generate durations from a model in which 38% of log duration is predicted by log probability, as in our actual data, but the rest is normally-distributed noise. Estimated probability for each word in each context is then generated from a binomial distribution with success probability from the real sample and size matching context frequency. We compute informativity and fit the regression model we fit to the real data. Informativity is significant in 100% of simulations, even though probability is the only true predictor, although the effect of informativity is smaller in simulation (0.7 < b < 0.10) than in the actual corpus (b = 0.12).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language Production; Phonology; Corpus studies; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jv026pp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vsevolod", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kapatsinski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oregon", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24817/galley/21287/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24817/galley/14415/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24817/galley/18271/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24817/galley/21287/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24031, "title": "Ingredients of a Narrative: How an Abstract Feature Space and Event Position Contribute to a Situation Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Situation models are known to help structure our experiences in our memory. But what are the ingredients of a situation model and to what degree do abstract event features contribute to updating of situation models? We manipulated abstract event feature dimensions and narrative specific factors in an experiment in which participants actively constructed a narrative from a random order of event descriptions. We investigated the influence of abstract factors (‚Äúdegree of feature-change‚Äù, ‚Äúevent position‚Äù) on response speeding during a subsequent oddball task. Participants were faster for oddballs with a different degree of feature change, which interacted with whether the oddball was from within the same story or from another story. When looking at other-story-oddballs only, we found an interaction between position within the event structure and degree of feature change. Our results suggest that people use abstractions of event features which are important for the instantiation of a situation model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2r4581fz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Terporten", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roel M.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Willems", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Monique", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flecken", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Silvy", "middle_name": "H.P.", "last_name": "Collin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24031/galley/13625/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24031/galley/21288/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24568, "title": "Inner reading voice styles and eye movements during audio-assisted reading", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Studies have shown that readers who do not always experience an inner reading voice (less-IRV readers) move their eyes more freely and do more efficient silent reading than those who always experience IRV (full-IRV readers). This conclusion suggests that less-IRV readers may not be suited for studying with vocalization. In this study, forty students were assigned to full- and less-IRV reading groups. The main task in the experiment was to read short stories and answer comprehension tests. The reading materials comprised 12 stories, the same as those used by Morita and Takahashi (2019). Participants read them with audio assistance and answered three comprehension tests after reading each story. While reading the stories, the readers' eye movements were recorded. The results of the eye-movement index showed no difference in eye movement patterns (fixation, fixation time, saccade size, regression) and comprehension between the two kinds of readers. We found no relationship between inner reading voice styles and eye movements in audio-assisted reading.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language understanding; Learning; Reading; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/176573d9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yefei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hiroshima University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Takumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hiroshima University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aiko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morita", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hiroshima University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24568/galley/21289/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24568/galley/14165/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24568/galley/21289/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21441, "title": "Innovating for the future: When do children begin to recognise and manufacture solutions to future problems?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Innovation in children is typically studied by examining their capacity to create novel tools. However, innovation also involves recognising the future utility of a solution. Across two experiments, we examined children's capacity to recognise and construct a tool for future uses. Experiment One presented 3- to 5-year-olds (N=55) with a future-directed problem-solving task. When given a tool construction opportunity in anticipation of returning to the task, only 5-year-olds made the correctly shaped tool above chance levels. Experiment Two assessed 3- to 7-year-olds' (N=92) capacity to build a tool with future, as well as present, utility in mind. Age was positively associated with constructing a tool of greater utility than necessary to solve the present task. Children's propensity to construct longer tools was associated with their capacity to prepare for two alternative possibilities on a secondary task, suggesting performance on our innovation task reflects emerging future-oriented cognition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25g7k8k8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zoe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ockerby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Queensland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Suddendorf", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Queensland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Redshaw", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Queensland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21441/galley/11040/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21441/galley/21886/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24400, "title": "Innovative Attempt at Enhancing Psychological Assessment: A Preliminary Investigative Study of Measuring College Students' Learning Motivation Levels through the Lens of Passive Sensing via Smartphones", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Assessing the levels of motivation in the learning process are pivotal in the daily life of college students, for the learning motivation profoundly impacts their overall academic performance. Yet, the prevailing methods to measure learning motivation levels still predominantly depend on expert evaluation and self-report, advancements in passive smartphone sensing have not been fully utilized in measuring motivation levels in learning process. In this study, we investigate and analyze behaviors and behavioral changes associated with their levels of learning motivation of N=118 undergraduate college students integrating passive smartphone sensing with self-report survey. We collect a dataset regarding the students' daily behaviors and self-report responses using a mobile application and questionnaire. Subsequently, we identify a variety of behaviors based on behavioral features captured from passive sensing data, followed by an exploration of the correlations between levels of learning motivation and the identified behaviors. Moreover, we analyze differences in behavioral changes among groups characterized by varying levels of learning motivation. Our study contributes to enhancing psychological assessment approaches by introducing a novel integrated method for more quantified and multidimensional measurement of learning motivation, providing valuable perspectives for assessing and intervening learning motivation in future research endeavors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Human-computer interaction; Learning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/429562n5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Feng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minho", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tongyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minho", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jilin University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yatong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jilin University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adriano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tavares", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minho", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tiago", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gomes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Minho", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jilin University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24400/galley/13997/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24400/galley/21290/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24823, "title": "In search for complementarity: evaluating confirmation trees across domains and varying levels of human expertise", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We study hybrid confirmation trees, a simple heuristic for producing hybrid intelligence in high-stakes classification tasks. Hybrid confirmation trees first elicit the decision of one human expert and one algorithm. Whenever the two agree a decision is immediately made. In case of disagreement, a second human expert is called in to break the tie. We apply this approach to data on deepfake detection, recidivism prediction and skin tumor diagnosis and investigate how it performs for experts of varying levels of skill. Our approach proves to be a powerful alternative to human-only confirmation trees in all data sets we test and for all skill levels as it performs similar, if not better, at reduced cost. In addition, for high-performing individuals it can outperform both human confirmation trees and algorithms, producing complementary human-algorithm performance. We show that this effect exists because skilled experts disagree with the algorithm on the right instances.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Decision making; Human-computer interaction; Machine learning" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wt182xz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Frederik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Andersen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Diana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Verdes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristian", "middle_name": "Peter", "last_name": "Lorenzen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pantelis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Analytis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern Denmark", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ralf", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kurvers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MPI for Human Development", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24823/galley/21262/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24823/galley/14421/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24823/galley/18274/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24823/galley/21262/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24824, "title": "Insights from the first BabyLM Challenge: Training sample-efficient language models on a developmentally plausible corpus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Language models have great potential as cognitive models for studying human language acquisition, but current models are far less data-efficient than human learners. Children acquire language from 100 million words or less, but large language models are trained on trillions of words. We discuss the prospects for improving language models' developmental plausibility through a meta-analysis of results from the 2023 BabyLM Challenge. BabyLM was a competition that invited participants to train a language model on a 100 million-word corpus including transcribed speech and child-appropriate texts. Results from over 30 submissions showed that new machine learning techniques and increased training iterations yielded models that outperformed leading large language models in grammar, language understanding, and linguistic generalization, while cognitively plausible approaches such as curriculum learning were less effective. We discuss the implications of these and other findings for computational cognitive modeling and explore ideas to ensure future competitions' contributions to cognitive science.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Linguistics; Language development; Language learning; Machine learning; Natural Language Processing; Computational Modeling; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cp7t0nm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Warstadt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ETH Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aaron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mueller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeastern University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Leshem", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choshen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "IBM", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ethan", "middle_name": "Gotlieb", "last_name": "Wilcox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "ETH Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chengxu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhuang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Williams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Meta Platforms Inc.", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cotterell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute for Machine Learning", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Linzen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24824/galley/17324/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24824/galley/17325/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24824/galley/21291/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24289, "title": "Integratitng Co-Speech Gestures into Sentence Meaning Comprehension", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "To investigate how co-speech gestures modulate linguistic understanding, we conducted an EEG experiment exploring the amplitude changes in the N400 component. We used videos of a person uttering underspecified action sentences which either featured no gesture or an iconic co-speech gesture that represented a more specific action. The following target sentence contained an instrument noun followed by its required action verb; these could either match the action represented in the previously seen gesture or mismatch it. We measured ERPs for both the nouns and the verbs and found an N400 effect for mismatching target words as well as a sustained positivity effect for both gesture conditions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Neuroscience; Philosophy; Natural Language Processing; Electroencephalography (EEG)" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42z48648", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ludmila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reimer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-University Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spychalska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Univeristy of Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Markus", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Werning", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr University Bochum", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24289/galley/13885/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24289/galley/21292/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24484, "title": "Intentional commitment as a spontaneous presentation of self", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Commitment is a defining feature of human rationality. This study explores a social origin of spontaneous intentional commitment, assuming commitment in individual decision-making arises from an internalized self-presentation, transferring the audience of commitment from a real partner to an inner eye perspective. To test this \"social inner eye\" hypothesis, we exposed participants to different social contexts while maintaining the individual nature of the task. Across three experiments, we found that (a) individuals consistently showed stronger commitment when acting in front of others, (b) different social contexts had different impacts on the process of commitment formation, with the mere outside observer accelerating commitment, while a parallel player delays it, (c) participants spontaneously coordinated their intentions to avoid conflicts when playing with another parallel player, despite no coordination was required. Taken together, we demonstrated how social context influences the strength, content, and timing of individual commitment. These findings align with the perspective that individual commitment has a social origin. They also contribute to an understanding of why commitment is universally valued across cultures and is seen as a virtue rather than a weakness in human decision-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Bayesian modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b00n2k5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shaozhe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jingyin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jifan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mowei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhejiang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California - Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24484/galley/21293/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24484/galley/14081/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24484/galley/21293/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24041, "title": "Intentional facial expression variation per taste preference for beverages", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study examined how individuals would express their preference or distaste for experiences associated with beverages they found to be delicious or unpalatable using facial expressions. We recorded videos where six individuals were asked to drink their preferred or unpreferred beverages and to make ‚Äúdelicious‚Äù or ‚Äúunpalatable‚Äù expressions irrespective of what they drank, resulting in four conditions: (1) ‚Äúdelicious‚Äù expression with a preferred beverage (genuine delicious), (2) ‚Äúunpalatable‚Äù expression with an unpreferred beverage (genuine unpalatable), (3) ‚Äúdelicious‚Äù expression with an unpreferred beverage (fake delicious), and (4) ‚Äúunpalatable‚Äù expression with a preferred beverage (fake unpalatable). A total of 33 participants watched the videos and estimated the level of deliciousness of the beverage and inferred the emotions of happiness, sadness, and disgust conveyed by the actor. The results showed genuine and fake delicious expressions conveyed more deliciousness than genuine and fake unpalatable expressions. The participants interpreted that the drink was more unpalatable when observing fake expressions than when observing genuine unpalatable expressions. There was no difference in the evaluation of deliciousness between the genuine and fake delicious expressions. Furthermore, fake unpalatable expressions were rated as containing more disgust than genuine unpalatable expressions. These results suggest that individuals exaggerate disgust when making fake and unpalatable expressions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Face Processing; Perception; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qk5044m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kae", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty of Science and Engineering", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "kensuke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "nakazato", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty of Science and Engineering", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katsumi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Watanabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Waseda University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24041/galley/13635/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24041/galley/21294/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24530, "title": "Interaction Between Mathematical Affect and Feedback During Mathematical Computation: A Computer Mouse-tracking Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Math affect (i.e., attitudes/beliefs about math) and feedback are predictors of mathematical performance. How these factors jointly influence cognition during mathematical problem-solving is less understood. A computer mouse-tracking task was used to assess math affect and computation ability of 78 undergraduate volunteers, before and after feedback (none; positive; negative). Positive affect toward math significantly predicted better accuracy on mathematical computations, but performance improved noticeably after positive feedback. This led to the question of whether or not feedback and affective components of math impact decision-making. Post-baseline, participants' ability to calculate the mathematical problems sped up significantly ‚Äî evidence of a practice effect. Individuals with more negative attitudes toward math exhibited more indecision in their responses when they received feedback, whereas participants with more positive attitudes toward computation reduced their indecision after feedback. This suggests that feedback interacts with math affect in important ways, impacting in-the-moment cognitive processing during mathematical calculation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Decision making; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vb9p51t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shruti", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kate", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kent State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goldblatt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kent State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Asaro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kent State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Giulia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Borriello", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kent State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roche", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kent State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24530/galley/21295/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24530/galley/14127/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24530/galley/21295/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21521, "title": "Interaction of polarity and truth value - A neural dynamic architecture of negation processing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We propose a neural dynamic architecture that models negation processing. The architecture receives a visual scene and a relational phrase like ``The blue object is not to the right of the yellow object'' or ``The blue object is to the right of the green object'' as input, and autonomously determines whether the phrase correctly describes the visual scene. The model is built out of empirically founded components for perceptually grounded cognition and constrained by neural principles. We demonstrate that the model can explain two commonly found reaction time effects: the negation effect in which reaction times are higher for negated than for affirmative phrases, and the polarity-by-truth-value interaction effect in which reaction times for false negated phrases are faster than those for true negated phrases whereas the opposite is true for affirmative phrases. The model is consistent with some aspects of the two-step simulation theory.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Dynamical Systems; Computational Modeling; Computational neuroscience; Dynamic Systems Modeling; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vf4c8w7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kati", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-University Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sabinasz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institut für Neuroinformatik", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gregor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schöner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-Universität Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaup", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21521/galley/11120/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21521/galley/14597/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21521/galley/21296/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24607, "title": "Interactions between autistic adults offer a new perspective on social gaze", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Face-to-face communication is highly complex, with information being transmitted via multiple channels simultaneously. Social gaze can regulate conversation, express emotions, and signal interest or disinterest, and eye contact, or a lack thereof, is a powerful visual cue that influences the dynamics of communication. While previous research has shed light on gaze in autism in general, there remains a lack of 1) evidence on interactions in dialogue between autistic adults (rather than mixed dialogues) and 2) investigations on the influence of gaze on conversational dynamics and interpersonal rapport. We have developed a novel setup with mobile dual eye-tracking glasses that allows for the automatic detection of mutual eye contact. Our exploratory analyses of conversations in homogeneous autistic dyads provide new insights into autistic gaze dynamics and their interrelation with rapport, ultimately helping to advance the current understanding of cognitive diversity and of the fundamental elements of social interaction.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Interactive behavior; Social cognition; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/723550g9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Malin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spaniol", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Hospital Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wehrle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vogeley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Hospital Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grice", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24607/galley/17959/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21536, "title": "Interindividual differences in predicting words versus sentence meaning: Explaining N400 amplitudes using large-scale neural network models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Prediction error, both at the level of sentence meaning and at the level of the next presented word, has been shown to successfully account for N400 amplitudes. Here we investigate whether people differ in the representational level at which they implicitly predict upcoming language. We computed a measure of prediction error at the level of sentence meaning (termed semantic update) and a measure of prediction error at the level of the next word (surprisal). Both measures significantly accounted for N400 amplitudes even when the other measure was controlled for. Most important for current purposes, both effects were significantly negatively correlated. Moreover, random-effects model comparison showed that individuals differ in whether their N400 amplitudes are driven by semantic update only, by surprisal only, or by both, and that the most common model in the population was either semantic update or the combined model but clearly not the pure surprisal model.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Language understanding; Predictive Processing; Electroencephalography (EEG); Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/26h7r210", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Milena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rabovsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Potsdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alessandro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lopopolo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Potsdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Schad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21536/galley/11135/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21536/galley/14612/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21536/galley/21298/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24119, "title": "Interleaving Benefits Category Learning But Not Item Memory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Interleaving, as opposed to blocking, information improves learning of categories, such as artists' painting styles. The current study examined whether presentation schedules also impact memory for specific items. 179 participants studied paintings from 12 different artists on either a blocked or interleaved schedule. In Study 1 (N = 84), participants were then asked to either identify the artists of a series of paintings (style recognition task) or determine whether they had previously seen a specific painting (item recognition task). In Study 2 (N = 93), participants completed both tasks. Results showed that the interleaved schedule led to better learning of the painting styles, but did not impact item memory. However, when participants had to recognize the style and the painting for an artist on the interleaved schedule, they incorrectly thought that they had previously seen the painting. This finding illustrates the dynamic relationship between item memory and category learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Learning; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8183g19c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ezgi", "middle_name": "Melisa", "last_name": "Yüksel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melina", "middle_name": "Lauryn", "last_name": "Knabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "C. Shawn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Green", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Haley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vlach", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24119/galley/13713/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24119/galley/21299/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24148, "title": "Interpretation of Novel Literary Metaphors by Humans and GPT-4", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite the exceptional performance of large language models (LLMs) on a wide range of tasks involving natural language processing and reasoning, there has been sharp disagreement as to whether their abilities extend to more creative human abilities. A core example is the interpretation of novel metaphors. Given the enormous and non-curated text corpora used to train LLMs, a serious obstacle to designing tests is the need to obtain novel yet high-quality metaphors that are unlikely to have been included in the training data. Here we assessed the ability of GPT-4, a state-of-the-art large language model, to provide natural-language interpretations of novel literary metaphors drawn from Serbian poetry and translated into English. Human judges‚Äîblind to the fact that an AI model was involved‚Äîrated metaphor interpretations generated by GPT-4 as superior to those provided by a group of college students. In interpreting reversed metaphors, GPT-4, as well as humans, exhibited signs of sensitivity to the Gricean cooperative principle. These results indicate that LLMs such as GPT-4 have acquired an emergent ability to interpret literary metaphors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Natural Language Processing; Representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9g40q0bh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ichien", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Du≈°an", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stamenkoviƒá", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Södertörn University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Keith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holyoak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24148/galley/13744/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24148/galley/21300/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24064, "title": "Interpreting implausible event descriptions under noise", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Gricean maxims prescribe cooperative speakers to make their utterances maximally informative so that listeners have the highest chance of understanding the utterances. At the same time, speakers are expected to save effort and not produce descriptions that are more explicit than necessary. In this work, we first ask how predictability of the described events affects the choice of anaphoric referring expressions. We show that speakers prefer phonologically overt descriptions, such as definite NPs, when they refer to agents that behave in an unexpected way. We further test how the interpretation of referring expressions changes depending on the listening conditions and prior expectations about the plausibility of an event. Our work shows that the speaker's extra effort in choosing a more phonologically overt referring expression is justified by listeners' behavior: they report having heard an utterance which is more plausible than the originally spoken utterance and which contains additional phonological material.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Event cognition; Language Production; Language understanding; Pragmatics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13n5660h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Asya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Achimova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tübingen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marjolein", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "van Os", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "V.", "last_name": "Butz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Tuebingen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24064/galley/13658/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24064/galley/21301/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24404, "title": "Intervening on Emotions by Planning Over a Theory of Mind", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Much of social cognition involves reasoning about others'\nminds: predicting their reactions, inferring their feelings, and\nexplaining their behavior. By representing mental contents like\nbeliefs, desires, and emotions, Bayesian theory of mind mod-\nels have made progress in capturing how humans manage these\ncognitive feats. But social life is not merely observation: hu-\nmans must also plan to intervene on these same mental con-\ntents. The present work models how people choose interven-\ntions to influence others' emotions. Building on a prior model\nof people's intuitive theory of emotions, we model how people\nuse their intuitive theory to evaluate and simulate the effects\nof different interventions. We apply our model to data from\nbehavioral experiments requiring counterfactual and joint in-\nterventions, and show a close alignment with human choices.\nOur results provide a step towards a potentially unifying expla-\nnation for emotion prediction and intervention, suggesting that\nthey could arise from the same underlying generative model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Theory of Mind; Bayesian modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gz7c85c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "Dae", "last_name": "Houlihan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kartik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chandra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saxe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24404/galley/14001/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24404/galley/21302/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21442, "title": "Introducing the Extinction Gambling Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Decisions about extinction risks are ubiquitous in everyday life and for our continued existence as a species. We introduce a new risky-choice task that can be used to study this topic: The Extinction Gambling Task. Here, we investigate two versions of this task: a Keep variant, where participants cannot accumulate any more earnings after the extinction event, and a Lose variant, where extinction also wipes out all previous earnings. We derive optimal solutions for both variants and compare them to behavioural data. Our findings suggest that people understand the difference between the two variants and their behaviour is qualitatively in line with the optimal solution. Further, we find evidence for risk-aversion in the Keep condition but not in the Lose condition. We hope that this task can facilitate further research on this vital topic.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Reasoning; Computational Modeling; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qk2v6s2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maximilian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Maier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kellen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Syracuse University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Henrik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Singmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCL", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21442/galley/11041/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21442/galley/21887/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24111, "title": "Intuitive Theories of Cognition on Affect and Risk Preferences", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Though it is well-understood that beliefs about future emotions (affective forecasting) influence decision-making, less is known about where these forecasts come from. Here, we investigate how intuitive theories of cognition (cognitive forecasting) influence affective forecasts and, consequently, risk preferences. We found that forecasts of cognitive states‚Äîexpectations, attention, and information-seeking‚Äîare linked to affective forecasts and risk preferences (Study 1). There was great diversity in people's intuitive theories of cognition: One subgroup associated attention and information-seeking with positive emotions for optimists but negative emotions for pessimists, and therefore predicted greater risk-seeking in optimists but not pessimists; the other large subgroup consistently perceived forecasted attention and information-seeking as affectively negative (Studies 2a-b). These results connect behavioral economics and cognitive science by exploring how metacognitive intuitions influence our preferences.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Decision making; Emotion; Theory of Mind; Statistics; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0w90x5jd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "dogukan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "demircioglu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dawson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bath", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24111/galley/13705/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24111/galley/21303/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24283, "title": "Inversion Effect of Emotional Bodies in Social Situations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The current study aimed to examine how the recognition of grey-scale photos of fearful or angry female bodies would be affected by three conditions: social situation (single person vs. facing vs. nonfacing dyad) the orientation of figures (upright vs. inverted); emotion complementarity (same vs. complementary). We hypothesized that the recognition of emotions would be the most accurate when either single or facing body pairs were presented, while the inversion would impair the perception of affective expressions. Facing bodies in fact had an advantage over nonfacing ones, same emotion condition also had higher accuracy than complementary, as well as the overall accuracy was higher for anger than fear, thus context was an important factor in differentiating between these two negative emotions. Inversion effect was not confirmed for emotions conveyed by bodies, therefore our results demonstrated that not only configural, but part-by-part analysis is also required for emotion recognition.\nKeywords: body inversion effect, social interactions, bodily emotional expressions", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion Perception" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/884882ks", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gyopàrka", "middle_name": "Barbara", "last_name": "Làzàr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Psychology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Beatrix", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Làbadi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Psychology University of Pécs", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24283/galley/13879/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24283/galley/21304/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24661, "title": "Investigating autobiographical memory through the lens of self-incongruent shameful memories.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Autobiographical memory arises from an integration of memories with the self-model, which means that the recall of one's past needs to be congruent with one's self-model. Memories invoking self-incongruent emotions pose a particular challenge for maintaining a stable and positive self-image, which makes them a good target for research into processes of self-memory integration.\nExpanding on our previous research, we developed an fMRI paradigm that uses subject-specific recalls of shameful episodes from the past, compared with neural and fearful episodes as control conditions, in order to identify the neural correlates of self-incongruent episodes. To this end, we employ multivariate methods (representational similarity analysis) to compare neural activation patterns of natural images associated with the autobiographical episodes. We expect higher similarity for items associated with the incongruent (shameful) episode in areas previously connected with self-related processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Emotion; Memory; fMRI" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cw636v9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alicja", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Wicher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr University Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nikolai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Axmacher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr University Bochum", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24661/galley/21305/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24661/galley/14259/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24661/galley/18058/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24661/galley/21305/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24538, "title": "Investigating contextual effects in referential communication", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The ability to flexibly interpret signals in context is at the core of human communication, as even the most conventionalized linguistic signals are necessarily ambiguous and subject to inter-individual variability. We introduce a novel communication game (the Pizzini game) requiring pairs of participants to exchange linguistic signals that are successfully interpreted by using contextual information freshly generated by each pair. By allowing this common ground between once-strangers to be developed interactively in the lab, we are able to characterize the pair-specific contextual information available to participants when inferring intended meanings. We present preliminary data testing the predictions that (1) interactants align on an abstracted conceptual representation of a set of stimuli during the context-building portion of the task and (2) that the characteristics of this pair-specific conceptual representation predict the dynamics of how participants later resolve context-specific references to the same stimuli.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Interactive behavior; Pragmatics; Semantics; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cv1q6tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Miriam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Greidanus Romaneli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University Nijmegen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jesper", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sinneker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University Nijmegen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ba≈°nàkovà", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University Nijmegen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bruno", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Galantucci", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yeshiva University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ivan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Toni", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24538/galley/21306/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24538/galley/14135/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24538/galley/21306/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24778, "title": "Investigating deliberate ignorance in children and adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The emergence of deliberate ignorance, i.e. what influences children's deliberate decisions not to seek information, is a phenomenon so far notably overlooked. This project addresses this gap by investigating various factors that systematically modulate such decisions in children and adults. Across five studies, we presented participants with short stories illustrating social situations where a misdeed occurs, and measured participants' preference for knowing the identity of the wrongdoer.\nStudies 1-3 (N = 550) shows that both children and adults systematically manifest a preference for ignorance when the information value is low, and when the potential wrongdoer is suspected to be a friend. Studies 4-5 (N = 333) further investigate the role of information probability in this phenomenon.\nThis first contribution shows that children's preference for deliberate ignorance is modulated by information value and the relationship frame proposed, suggesting a rational approach to ignorance.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Decision making; Developmental analysis; Survey" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pn6n5nh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Francesca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bonalumi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ralph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hertwig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Azzurra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruggeri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technical University Munich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24778/galley/21307/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24778/galley/14376/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24778/galley/18233/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24778/galley/21307/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24736, "title": "Investigating Exemplar-Based Processes in Quantitative Judgments: A Multi-Method Approach", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People judge an object's criterion value by relying on its similarity to previously experienced objects, the so-called exemplars. This work investigates exemplar-based processes in quantitative judgments by applying cognitive modeling to data from an eye-tracking experiment. Participants (N = 49) first learned the criterion value and location on the screen of each of four exemplars. Then, they assessed the criterion value of briefly presented test stimuli, and eye-tracking measured the gaze proportion to the now blank exemplar locations (looking-at-nothing). Participants who showed more looking-at-nothing also relied more on exemplars according to cognitive modeling of the test phase responses in the RulEx-J framework. Furthermore, looking-at-nothing was directed in particular at locations of exemplars similar to the test stimulus. Our multi-method approach thus suggests tight links between eye-tracking and cognitive modeling. The insights from process-tracing methods might be particularly valuable, when cognitive modeling cannot distinguish between alternative processes to perform quantitative judgments.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Learning; Computational Modeling; Eye tracking; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5h1123q4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Florian I", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Seitz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Basel", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Albrecht", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bettina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "von Helversen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bremen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jörg", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rieskamp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Agnes", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Psychology, Leibniz University Hannover", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24736/galley/21308/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24736/galley/14334/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24736/galley/18192/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24736/galley/21308/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24136, "title": "Investigating Expert and Novice Programming Differences on Problems of Varying Complexity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Programming is a complex problem-solving domain, requiring the coordination of different types of knowledge and skills. The present study investigates expert and novice programming problem solving by analyzing talk-aloud transcripts and the code generated. Based on this analysis a set of basic goal and step components used by novice and expert programmers are identified, which will inform on the generation of cognitive models in the next phase of this research.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Psychology; Problem Solving; Computational Modeling; Qualitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/138838c5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vorobeva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carleton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Suhaylah", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Carim Bacor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carleton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "Alexandria", "last_name": "Kelly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carleton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24136/galley/13732/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24136/galley/21309/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24054, "title": "Investigating Flexible Role Binding in AI Agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans can flexibly bind familiar functional roles to novel entities in their environment. For example, children who have the concept of ``goal posts'' can bind this abstract role to two hats placed on the street. In doing so, they can port over existing expectations of ``goal posts\" for the duration of the game. In this paper, we seek to explore artificial agents' ability to perform flexible role binding and rebinding. To this end, we designed a Gridworld navigation game and tested a popular CNN-based agent which has had success in other tasks involving visual and spatial state spaces (e.g. Atari or Minigrid). To our surprise, we found that while this architecture was capable of overfitting to the training set, it was not able to learn flexible role binding without intervention. We ultimately show that with carefully engineered data augmentation techniques, our artificial agent is able to learn the task. This suggests that the diversity of the training dataset was a limiting factor.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Instruction and teaching; Machine learning; Representation; Spatial cognition; Vision" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72s1k52q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pennisi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Todd", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Gureckis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rheza", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Budiono", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Ho", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stevens Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24054/galley/13648/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24054/galley/21310/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24322, "title": "Investigating Iconicity in Vision-and-Language Models: A Case Study of the Bouba/Kiki Effect in Japanese Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Extensive evidence from diverse areas of the cognitive sciences suggests that iconicity‚Äîthe resemblance between form and its meaning‚Äîis pervasive and plays a pivotal role in the processing, memory, and evolution of human language. However, despite its acknowledged importance, iconicity in language models remains notably underexplored. This paper examines whether Japanese language models learn iconic associations between shape and sound, known as the bouba/kiki (or maluma/takete) effect, which has been widely observed in human language as well as English and multilingual vision-and-language models, including Finnish, Indonesian, Hungarian, and Lithuanian models in previous studies. A comparison between the current results and the previous studies revealed that Japanese models learn language-specific aspects of iconicity, such as the associations between /p/ and roundness, and /…°/ and hardness, reflecting the sound symbolic system in Japanese.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Perception; Computational Modeling; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0br4n9tn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hinano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nagoya University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hayate", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Funakura", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24322/galley/13918/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24322/galley/21311/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24171, "title": "Investigating Object Permanence in Deep Reinforcement Learning Agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Object Permanence (OP) is the understanding that objects continue to exist when not directly observable. To date, this ability has proven difficult to build into AI systems, with Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) systems performing significantly worse than human children. Here, DRL Agents, PPO and Dreamer-v3 were tested against a number of comparators (Human children, random agents and hard coded Heuristic agents) on three object permanence tasks (OP) and a range of control tasks. As expected, the children performed well across all tasks, while performance of the DRL agents was mixed. Overall\nthe pattern of performance across OP and control tasks did not suggest that any agent tested except children showed evidence of robust OP.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Development; Intelligent agents; Machine learning; Spatial cognition; Comparative Studies; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g6575z9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Konstantinos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Voudouris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "Darwin", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natasza", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Siwinska", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wout", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schellaert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitat Politècnica de València", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lucy", "middle_name": "G", "last_name": "Cheke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cambridge", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24171/galley/13767/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24171/galley/21312/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24581, "title": "Investigating social grounding of abstract words", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The semantic representation of abstract words is a topic of discussion within the embodied cognition framework. Existing theories propose the involvement of emotional, linguistic, and social experiences in abstract word representation. Focusing on ‚Äòsocialness' ‚Äî a variable with limited empirical evidence ‚Äî our study explores whether abstract words are associated with richer social experiences. Two semantic categorization tasks (explicit and implicit) with socialness priming and a lexical decision task with socialness priming were conducted to examine the effect of socialness on abstract words recognition. Additionally, we run similar experiments with affective priming to examine the effect of valence on abstract words recognition. Our results indicate that only valence facilitates the recognition of abstract words and only in the explicit task. Conclusively, we find no evidence supporting a non-strategic effect of socialness and valence on abstract words recognition, thus challenging existing theories on the grounding of abstract words in social information and emotion.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Concepts and categories; Embodied Cognition; Emotion Perception; Semantics; Social cognition; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12n0f4qw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goriachun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristof", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strijkers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CNRS & Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nuria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gala", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Johannes", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Ziegler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aix-Marseille University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24581/galley/21313/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24581/galley/14178/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24581/galley/21313/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24681, "title": "Investigating the Influence of Disfluencies and Gestures in Assessing Others' Knowledge: A Feelings of Another's Knowing (FOAK) Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People rely on communicative cues when assessing others' knowledge levels about a topic. Speech fluency has been shown to inform these assessments (Brennan & Williams, 1995), however little is known whether co-speech gestures also impact how we judge others' level of expertise. To address this, we showed 42 participants (Mage=21.05) short videos of speakers in four conditions (fluent or disfluent speech with gestures, fluent or disfluent speech without gestures). Participants then provided FOAK (feelings of another's knowing) judgements of the speaker. A mixed effects regression analysis, with conditions as fixed and trial and subjects as random effects, revealed that fluent speech elicited higher FOAK ratings than disfluent speech, p<.01. Surprisingly gestures did not affect FOAK ratings. This is a first study to suggest, fluency can be a more prominent cue than gestures when assessing others' knowledge levels.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language and thought; Language understanding; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27z6r140", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Can", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Avcƒ±", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Terry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eskenazi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koc University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tilbe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Göksun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24681/galley/21314/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24681/galley/14279/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24681/galley/18098/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24681/galley/21314/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21592, "title": "Investigating the longevity of real-world memory following a smartphone intervention in older adults: A multi-year follow-up study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Our ability to re-experience the events from our personal past tends to decline with age, which can have profound effects on well-being. HippoCamera is a smartphone-based application developed to mitigate age-related decline by guiding users to record and review cues for real-world events using established mnemonic strategies, with previous work demonstrating improved episodic recollection and enhanced hippocampal activity following use. Here, we followed-up with older adult participants who had used HippoCamera several years prior to investigate whether any benefits persisted following use. Using a mixed-methods approach, we found stronger subjective re-experiencing of events that were recorded with HippoCamera compared to those that were not. Further, participants reported extended benefits to their overall sense of meaning and well-being. These results provide preliminary evidence characterizing the long-lasting effects of a smartphone-based tool that improves memory for everyday events in aging.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Externally-supported cognition; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1z35d05c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Miranda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eliza", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Morgan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barense", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21592/galley/11191/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21592/galley/21985/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24076, "title": "Investigating the Relationship Between Surprisal and Processing in Programming Languages", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study explores the relationship between predictability, as measured by surprisal, and processing difficulty in code comprehension. We investigate whether similar mechanisms govern the processing of programming and natural languages. Previous research suggests that programmers prefer and produce more predictable code, akin to natural language patterns. We utilize eye-tracking data from the Eye Movements in Programming (EMIP) dataset to examine the impact of surprisal on various eye movement measures. Contrary to expectations based on natural language processing, our results reveal that surprisal does not significantly influence fixation metrics. Additionally, regressions in code reading show an unexpected inverse relationship with surprisal, suggesting that readers have different reasons for making regressions while reading code versus natural text. These findings contribute insights into the unique dynamics of code comprehension and opens avenues for further research in this domain.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Linguistics; Language understanding; Reading; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72k728wq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dodd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Skyler", "middle_name": "Jove", "last_name": "Reese", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Davis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morgan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Davis", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24076/galley/13670/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24076/galley/21315/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24552, "title": "Investigation of The Generation Effect on Memory and Metamemory Through Semantic and Perceptual Cues", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The generation effect, demonstrating improved memory performance through self-generating information, was explored in this study. Participants engaged in semantic and perceptual generation tasks, where semantic tasks involved meaning-related associations, and perceptual tasks focused on surface characteristics. While previous studies separately examined these tasks, our project directly compared their impact. Experiment 1 revealed higher recognition performance for semantic generation over perceptual generation, with no significant difference in recognition across perceptual and semantic reading conditions. Experiment 2 incorporated judgments-of-learning (JOL) and no-JOL groups, demonstrating that participants accurately predicted and performed better on memory tasks involving generation and semantic manipulations. Additionally, JOL-group participants outperformed the no-JOL group, suggesting that predicting one's memory performance enhances actual memory performance. Experiment 3 aimed to see the effects of the match between encoding and retrieval. The results showed that the JOL group outperformed the no-JOL group, and this effect was observable through semantically meaningful testing.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Memory" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d57k1xf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fatih", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yavuz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bilkent University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Miri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Besken", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bilkent University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24552/galley/21316/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24552/galley/14149/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24552/galley/21316/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24724, "title": "Involuntary Mental Time Travel Occurrences: Differences Between Self-Caught and Probe-Caught Paradigms", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Involuntary mental time travel (MTT) is spontaneously reliving past events or envisioning future scenarios without conscious effort. We explored the phenomenological characteristics and contents of self-caught and probe-caught spontaneous thoughts, focusing on involuntary MTTs. These paradigms differ in the meta-awareness they demand, which may affect the nature of the captured thoughts, especially under attentional load. During a vigilance task with different attentional loads, participants reported their thoughts as they realized them (self-caught) or when the task prompted them (probe-caught). They then completed questionnaires regarding their thoughts' phenomenological characteristics. We predict that self-caught thoughts will have a higher proportion of involuntary MTTs, marked by episodic and self-related content. Under high attentional load, involuntary MTTs are expected to comprise a larger proportion of reported thoughts in both paradigms. Investigating the characteristics of spontaneous thoughts and their modulation by attentional load contributes to a deeper understanding of the metacognitive processes underlying involuntary MTTs.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Consciousness; Memory; Experience sampling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/04m0h78d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Güler", "middle_name": "Zeynep", "last_name": "Sülün", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24724/galley/21317/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24724/galley/14322/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24724/galley/18180/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24724/galley/21317/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21616, "title": "Is adults' ability to interpret iconicity shared between the spoken and gestural modalities?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Iconicity (the resemblance between form and meaning) exists in various modes of communication. This study investigated whether adults interpret iconicity in speech and gesture via a modality-independent ability. We tested 348 adult participants and assessed their ability to use iconic prosody and iconic gesture cues when interpreting novel verb meanings. We manipulated the rate of the spoken novel verbs (iconic prosody) and the rate of observed hand movements (iconic gestures) to be either fast or slow in two verb-action matching tasks. Adults could use these iconic speed cues to interpret novel verbs as referring to a fast or slow version of the same action. Adults showed similar performances in the two verb-action matching tasks: those who performed well in the iconic prosody task also performed well in the iconic gesture task. This positive correlation persisted even after controlling verbal working memory. Thus, we conclude that adults possess a modality-independent ability for interpreting iconicity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Language understanding; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25c8n246", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mingtong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Suzanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aussems", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sotaro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kita", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21616/galley/11215/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21616/galley/14524/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21616/galley/22028/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24100, "title": "Is Cognitive Ability Related with Rejecting Pseudoscience, Conspiracist, and Paranormal Beliefs? A Field Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A field study examined how strongly the three categories of epistemically unwarranted beliefs: pseudoscience, conspiracist, and paranormal beliefs, can be predicted by cognitive ability in young participants from several European countries. Each type of beliefs was significantly and strongly correlated with the remaining two types of beliefs, but only weakly related with cognitive ability, suggesting a minor role of reasoning and problem solving processes for forming and holding unwarranted beliefs. However, a role of cognitive ability for rejecting unwarranted beliefs was stronger in males than in females.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Reasoning; Field studies; Statistics; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4k43c1cs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jastrzebski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jagiellonian University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chuderski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jagiellonian University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kucwaj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "SWPS University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24100/galley/13694/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24100/galley/21318/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21329, "title": "Is Deep Learning the Answer for Understanding Human Cognitive Dynamics?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Deep Learning is a neural network approach where a network of multiple layers is trained to process complex data. Applications for deep learning include recognizing complex patterns in pictures, text, and sounds to, in some cases, produce insights into how human process information. Deep learning has garnered widescale interest, fostered by advances in, for instance, natural language processing and the release of innovative tools like Chat GPT. But does deep learning have implications for theory in the cognitive sciences; that is, is deep learning the answer for understanding human cognitive dynamics?", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Machine learning; Natural Language Processing; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pd2c3r5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spencer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of East Anglia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brenden", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lake", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NYU", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Raul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grieben", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-Universität Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gregor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schöner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-Universität Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mariya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Toneva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Software Systems", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kuperberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21329/galley/10928/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21329/galley/21774/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24093, "title": "Is focusing enough in category learning?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We examined whether selective attention, which is mainly theorized as the ability to focus on the category-relevant dimension, is a sole construct in understanding category learning. As the attention literature dissociates selective attention into focusing and filtering, we argue that filtering is another component that should be considered to fully understanding category learning. In the study, we provide an experimental paradigm that can dissociate filtering from focusing. By utilizing the paradigm along with collecting individual attention control measures, we show that filtering is related to the ability to inhibit irrelevant information. We also present that the current computational models that incorporate selective attention only as an ability to focus can not explain the results from the current study.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Learning; Computational Modeling; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7600g9n2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hyungwook", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hanyang University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sejin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yoon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hanyang University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24093/galley/13687/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24093/galley/21319/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21340, "title": "Is Holistic Processing Associated with Face Scanning Pattern and Performance in Face Recognition? Evidence from Deep Neural Network with Hidden Markov Modeling", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Here we used deep neural network + hidden Markov model (DNN+HMM) to provide a computational account for the relationship among holistic processing (HP), face scanning pattern and face recognition performance. The model accounted for the positive associations between HP and eyes-focused face scanning pattern/face recognition performance observed in the literature regardless of the version of the composite task used to measure HP. Interestingly, we observed a quadratic relationship between HP and face scanning pattern, where models being highly eyes-focused or highly nose-focused had lower HP. By inspecting fixation locations and associated attention window size in the model and XAI methods, we found that the eyes- and nose-focused models both developed local and holistic internal representations during training, and their difference was in the temporal dynamics of how these representations were used. Our findings demonstrated how computational modeling could unravel the mechanisms underlying cognition not readily observable in human data.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Face Processing; Vision; Computational Modeling; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dq4g24v", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xing", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yueyuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Antoni", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Chan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "City University of Hong Kong", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsiao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hong Kong University of Science & Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21340/galley/10939/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21340/galley/21785/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24174, "title": "\"I should have known!\" How foreseeability influences children's experiences of regret", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People often experience regret when we consider counterfactuals to our past actions, which can help us improve our future behaviours. However, existing developmental measures of regret typically involve no means of foreseeing the eventual outcome, which means that any reported experiences of regret may not aid children in making better choices in similar future situations. We investigated if 4- to 9-year-olds (N = 144) experienced stronger regret towards a choice where they could have foreseen the eventual outcome. Children selected one box each from two pairs of boxes, with both selected boxes leading to sub-optimal outcomes. Critically, one pair of boxes had windows on the bottom, such that children could have apparently foreseen the sub-optimal outcome of their choice if only they had first looked underneath the boxes. Not until 8 years of age did many children feel worse about the box selection with the foreseeable outcome.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Development; Emotion; Developmental analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/57p433zx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alicia", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Queensland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shalini", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gautam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Redshaw", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Queensland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24174/galley/13770/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24174/galley/20864/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21651, "title": "Is it a bat or a thing? Referential contrast in the learning of homophones and superordinate terms", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When a novel word refers to something in the world, how do learners decide whether that word have a more specific meaning (e.g., dog) or more general meaning (e.g., animal)? Here we focus on the role of semantic contrast between referential alternatives. We do this in the context of learning novel words cross-situationally, asking when learners adopt more specific meanings (resulting in homophonic words: e.g., ‚Äòfami' means both dog and butterfly) or adopt a single superordinate meaning (e.g., ‚Äòfami' means animal). We hypothesize that learners will be more likely to establish homophonous meanings when contrasting referents are from a neighboring category of the target, and more likely to establish a superordinate meaning when contrasting referents are from more distant categories. We also expect homophone learning to be more difficult because of its additional demands on learning and memory. Our predictions were borne out in a series of experiments and modeling.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language development; Language learning; Memory; Semantics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3h2521vb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Daoxin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "Soh", "last_name": "Yue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trueswell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21651/galley/11250/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21651/galley/14559/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21651/galley/22029/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24938, "title": "Is magnetoreception experience-dependent in humans?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Some humans, like other animals, may sense magnetic fields: Gurindji people from Australia can locate a hidden magnet solely based on magnetoreception, but an American control group cannot (Meakins, 2022). Why can only some humans use magnetoreception? One possibility is that human magnetoreception is experience-dependent: the fundamental capability may be universal, but the Gurindji learn to use it reliably because, unlike Americans, their language and culture promotes paying constant attention to cardinal directions and thinking about space using a geocentric cognitive map, which sensing the Earth's magnetic field would help with. If so, we might expect other cultures using geocentric thinking, such as the Hai//om people from Namibia, to have also learned to use magnetoreception. We tested this and found that, unlike Gurindji, Hai//om people could not locate a hidden magnet at above chance levels, suggesting that learning to think geocentrically may not be sufficient to acquire magnetoreception.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99x1j78n", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yaƒümur Deniz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kƒ±sa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stengelin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Luke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Maurits", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "Benjamin Moritz", "last_name": "Haun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24938/galley/21320/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24938/galley/14505/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24938/galley/21320/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24707, "title": "Is masked syntactic priming unconscious?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The automaticity of syntax has been a long-debated topic in psycholinguistics. One strategy to establish it involves finding significant evidence of syntactic priming in experimental tasks that restrict conscious awareness. Two common criteria to assess the unconscious nature of priming are that visibility (d') of masked words is not significantly different from zero, and that visibility is not positively correlated with the size of the priming effect. Unfortunately, these outcomes may also arise from low statistical power in visibility data and low reliability of dependent measures. We report results of a meta-analysis and a Bayesian re-analysis, which revealed low statistical power and evidence that \"subliminal\" words were actually visible for participants. Additionally, reliability analyses on Berkovitch and Dehaene's (2019) dataset showed that noisy measures may account for the lack of correlation between visibility and priming. These findings question the validity of previous results supporting the automatic nature of syntactic processing.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Consciousness; Syntax; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9g149874", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hernàndez-Gutiérrez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Miguel A.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sorrel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Autónoma de Madrid", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shanks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dr Miguel A.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vadillo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Autónoma de Madrid", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24707/galley/21321/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24707/galley/14305/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24707/galley/18149/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24707/galley/21321/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24747, "title": "Is outgroup fear contagious? Vicariously acquired fears to outgroup faces resist extinction, but the effect is mitigated by other-oriented empathy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Learned fears of stimuli from phylogenetically fear-relevant categories (such as snakes and spiders) tend to be significantly more resistant to extinction than those from fear-irrelevant categories (such as birds and butterflies.) Olsson et al. (2005) demonstrated that representations of outgroup members, as defined by race, can act as fear-relevant stimuli in a classical conditioning paradigm. It is not as clear, however, whether (and how) persistent fear of outgroup members can be acquired vicariously. We investigate whether observers of interactions with negative outcomes associated with representations of outgroup members develop extinction-resistant fears. Our results indicate that outgroup members can act as fear-relevant stimuli in an observational scenario. The effect is not sensitive to self-relevance manipulations; importantly, however, other-oriented empathy may reduce the tendency toward forming extinction-resistant conditioned responses to outgroup members. Implications of these preliminary results, including limitations and suggestions for future research, are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Empathy; Learning; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mj942h8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Bosch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andreas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Olsson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Clinical Neuroscience, Division Psychology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24747/galley/21322/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24747/galley/14345/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24747/galley/18203/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24747/galley/21322/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21496, "title": "Issues of Generalization from Unreliable or Unrepresentative Psycholinguistic Stimuli: A Case Study on Lexical Ambiguity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We conducted a case study on how unreliable and/or unrepresentative stimuli in psycholinguistics research may impact the generalizability of experimental findings. Using the domain of lexical ambiguity as a foil, we analyzed 2033 unique words (6481 tokens) from 214 studies. Specifically, we examined how often studies agreed on the ambiguity types assigned to a word (i.e., homonymy, polysemy, and monosemy), and how well the words represented the populations underlying each ambiguity type. We observed far from perfect agreement in terms of how words are assigned to ambiguity types. We also observed that coverage of the populations is relatively poor and biased, leading to the use of a narrower set of words and associated properties. This raises concerns about the degree to which prior theoretical claims have strong empirical support, and offers targeted directions to improve research practices that are relevant to a broad set of domains.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Semantics; Case studies; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/52c2s25s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jiangtian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto Scarborough", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Blair", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Armstrong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21496/galley/11095/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21496/galley/21941/download/" } ] } ] }