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{ "count": 39504, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=6700", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=6500", "results": [ { "pk": 24752, "title": "Transition Expertise: A study of individuals who succeeded repeatedly in life and career transitions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This research studies how 24 experts in sport, music, and business were able to make successful and repeated career transitions to senior levels in their field. It examined ‚Äì among other aspects ‚Äì the roles of cognitive flexibility, personal intelligence, generative thinking, motivation, and contextual intelligence in career transitions. It also examined how identity changes and adapts during a career transition and how self concept evolves over the course of a career.\n\nIn-depth interviews were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively and served as the basis for evaluating several theories of expertise, cognition, motivation, and intelligence. Key findings include: deliberate practice was rarely mentioned as a contributor to transitions; the early development of expertise in multiple domains contributed to its generalizability; transition expertise evolved over the course of a career; and self concept did not unfold in a linear progression of sequential stages as predicted by many theories in the field.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion Perception; Other; Problem Solving; Skill acquisition and learning; Qualitative Analysis" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5n69w2f8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Connolly", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fernand", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gobet", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "London School of Economics and Political Science", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24752/galley/21676/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24752/galley/14350/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24752/galley/18207/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24752/galley/21676/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21604, "title": "Transparency in Sign Forms: When and How Does Iconicity Matter?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Research suggests that the meanings of iconic signs are not easily guessable by sign-naive people; however, some signs' meanings are more easily guessed than others'. What causes some signs to be more easily guessable (more transparent) than others is not well-understood. In our previous research, we showed that signs whose form is based on more cross-linguistically common underlying motivations were chosen as \"better suited\" to a meaning‚Äîthat is, they are more transparent‚Äîthan signs based on less common underlying motivations (Tkachman, Sadlier-Brown, Lo, & Hudson Kam, 2023). In the current study, we ask whether, in addition, iconicity affects a sign's transparency. We asked sign-naive English speakers to rate all the signs from our previous study for how iconic they are. We then reanalyzed the data from our previous study in light of the obtained iconicity ratings. Results show that when people are asked to choose between an attested sign for a given animal label and an unattested one (i.e., a sign for a different animal), iconicity ratings did not affect participants' preferences: attested signs are preferred regardless of how iconic they are. However, when participants are asked to choose between two attested signs with the same meaning (e.g., two signs for 'cat' from different sign languages), iconicity does appear to affect participants' choices: participants were more likely to pick the more cross-linguistically common sign if the difference in iconicity ratings between the two signs was bigger. These results shed additional light on the ongoing debate on the connection between iconicity and transparency: iconicity by itself does not make a sign transparent, but it can enhance transparency under certain conditions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Concepts and categories; Perception; Representation; Semantics; Computer-based experiment; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zt6x00w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Oksana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tkachman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sadlier-Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Roger Yu-Hsiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Carla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hudson Kam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of British Columbia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21604/galley/11203/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21604/galley/21997/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24524, "title": "Trust Resilience in Pedagogical Agents: Will Anthropomorphism Help Against Trust Decline?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Trust is an important factor in interaction with automated agents. This study tracks users' trust calibration to automated agents in a vocabulary learning task. We hypothesize that trust declines as agent reliability declines and that anthropomorphism should buffer against this decline.\nReplicating de Visser et al. (2016), 60 participants guessed the meaning of 96 foreign words in a 4x4x2 mixed experiment. In each trial, they guessed alone, then got an agent's recommendation and gave trust judgments, and made a final decision. Four pedagogical agents varying in anthropomorphism (within-subject: human, robot, smart speaker, computer) recommended answers with decreasing reliability (within-subject: 100%, 67.5%, 50%, 0%). Furthermore, participants either did or did not watch an introductory video about the agents (between-subject). Behavioral and judgment data were analysed via mixed-effects models and ANOVAs. Two-way interaction shows that trust declined differently in various agents, but there is little evidence supporting trust resilience in any agent.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Human-computer interaction; Language learning; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bz0w09k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Fransisca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hapsari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Darmstadt", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ronja", "middle_name": "Isabella", "last_name": "Stemler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Darmstadt", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pieschl", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Darmstadt", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24524/galley/21677/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24524/galley/14121/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24524/galley/21677/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24514, "title": "Tuning in to a novel language is easier without orthography", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Tuning into a novel language is a particularly difficult task for many adults. While the rhythmic and melodic patterns, i.e. prosody, bootstrap language acquisition in infancy, they are considerably challenging to learn in adulthood. Is it because of an age-related decline of the language-learning ability or because of unfavourable learning conditions? We investigated whether adults can auditorily sensitise to the prosody of a novel language, and whether such sensitisation is affected by concurrent presentation of alphabetic transcription. After 5 minutes of exposure to MƒÅori, Czech listeners could reliably recognize this language in a post-test using low-pass filtered clips of MƒÅori and Malay recorded by new speakers. Recognition accuracy was lower for participants exposed to the novel-language speech along with deep-orthography transcriptions or shallow orthography with unfamiliar characters. Adults can thus attune to novel-language prosody, but orthography hampers this ability. This has implications for language acquisition theories and learning practice.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language development; Language learning; Phonology" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/28s6z9tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katerina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chladkova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty or Arts, Charles University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Václav Jonáš", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Podlipský", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty or Arts, Palacký University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lucie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jarůšková", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty or Arts, Charles University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Šárka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Šimáčková", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty or Arts, Palacký University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nudga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Faculty or Arts, Charles University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24514/galley/21678/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24514/galley/14111/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24514/galley/21678/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24577, "title": "Tuning the speed-accuracy trade-off in optimal decision policies during development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As children age, the ability to make decisions about perceptual information improves in terms of both speed and accuracy. However, understanding the delicate changes within both the decision-making process and the ability to optimize the trade-off between speed and accuracy with age remains a challenge. This study employed the diffusion decision model to investigate age-related developments in perceptual decision-making. Additionally, the impact of practice and end-of-block feedback on achieving optimal decision-making was investigated. We gathered behavioral data from 299 children aged 6 to 12 and 50 adults while they performed a motion discrimination task. Adults and older children had narrower decision criteria, higher drift rates, and shorter non-decision times compared to younger children. Furthermore, individuals tended to approach the optimal policy as they aged, and for both children and adults, practicing and receiving detailed feedback could speed up the attainment of the optimal policy.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Development; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kg1z1z5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zeinab", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Majidifard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shahid Beheshti University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jamal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Amani Rad", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Shahid Beheshti University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24577/galley/21679/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24577/galley/14174/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24577/galley/21679/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21335, "title": "Twice Upon a Time: Children Use Syntactic Bootstrapping to Learn the Meanings of Yesterday and Tomorrow", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Time words like ‚Äòyesterday' and ‚Äòtomorrow' are abstract, and are interpreted relative to the context in which they are produced: the word ‚Äòtomorrow' refers to a different point in time now than in 24 hours. We tested 112 3- to 5-year-old Hindi-speaking children on their knowledge of ‚Äòyesterday' and ‚Äòtomorrow', which are represented by the same word in Hindi-Urdu: ‚Äòkal'. We found that Hindi learners performed better than English learners when tested on actual past and future events, but that performance for hypothetical events was poor for both groups. Compatible with a ‚Äúsyntactic bootstrapping‚Äù account, we conclude that syntactic tense information ‚Äì which is necessary for differentiating ‚Äòyesterday' from ‚Äòtomorrow' in Hindi ‚Äì may play a stronger role in learning these words than mapping of specific words to particular past and future events (‚Äúevent mapping‚Äù).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognition of Time; Language development; Syntax; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/65w252n2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Urvi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Maheshwari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21335/galley/10934/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21335/galley/21780/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24056, "title": "Two Directions for Skill Development of Basic Latin American Dance Movements", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Latin American dancing relies heavily on Cuban Motion (CM) to captivate audiences with its powerful, enchanting, and beautiful expressions. We researched how skilled dancers' CM movements influence audience perceptions. We compared CM movement and evaluations between different skill levels. From previous research, we hypothesize that expert's CM is symmetrical and involves whole-body coordination. Result showed that the heel and other body parts were coordinated in the R-L direction and that the hip trajectory in the horizontal plane was highly circular. However, contrary to the hypothesis, the symmetrical feature of the CM's hip trajectories of experts was divided into two groups: symmetrical / asymmetrical expert. In the evaluation results, the symmetrical group was evaluated higher for factor of Aesthetics and Dynamism, while the asymmetrical group was lower.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Other; Aesthetics; Art and Cognition; Dance; Skill acquisition and learning; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3756n6xz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kyoko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "HATSUDA", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kobe University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daichi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shimizu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Graduate School of Human Development and Environment", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24056/galley/13650/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24056/galley/21680/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24181, "title": "Two heads are better than one: the use of social cognitive offloading in working memory in six-year-olds and adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Cognitive offloading becomes increasingly essential with the advancement of AI-powered technology, as it helps to free up mental resources and optimize overall performance. To better understand how children offload cognitive resources to external intelligent agents, the present study attempted to examine the use of social cognitive offloading in children and adults in a working memory task. 6-year-old children (Experiment 1) and adults (Experiment 2) completed a working memory task that required remembering 5 or 7 colored circles. We investigated whether and how children's and adults' working memory performance changed in the presence of a virtual agent who always remembers two of the colors within a trial (that participants could ask for help with). Results showed that both children's and adults' memory performance benefited from the introduction of a virtual agent. Furthermore, the use of the cognitive offloading strategy was dependent on the memory load.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Development; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r5153cw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hongdian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24181/galley/13777/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24181/galley/21681/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24271, "title": "Two Negatives Make a Positive: Reducing Referential Uncertainty through Negation and Order Reversal Eases Processing in Counterfactuals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Counterfactual statements are famously difficult to process, and so are negated sentences and infrequent clause orders. Here, we argue that their combination can ease much of the processing cost when these difficult constructions align to clarify what is being referred to, thereby reducing referential uncertainty. In Experiment 1, we tested how affirmative and negative counterfactual statements (e.g., If there had been (no) zebras, there would have been (no) lions) are interpreted using a web-based eye-tracking paradigm. We found that negation facilitates processing, particularly when a Question under Discussion is about the actual state of affairs. In Experiment 2, reversing the clause order resulted in easier comprehension. These results provide support for a model of incremental language processing that puts the construal of semantic representations front and center.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Discourse; Language understanding; Pragmatics; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rx1b25r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ebru", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Evcen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California San Diego", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eva", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wittenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central European University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24271/galley/13867/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24271/galley/21682/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24382, "title": "Two-Stream Vision Swin Transformer for Video-based Eye Movement Detection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Eye movement detection plays a crucial role in various fields, including eye tracking applications and understanding human perception and cognitive states. Existing detection methods typically rely on gaze positions predicted by gaze estimation algorithms, which may introduce cumulative errors. While certain video-based methods, directly classifying behaviours from videos, have been introduced to address this issue, they often have limitations as they primarily focus on detecting blinks. In this paper, we propose a video-based two-stream framework designed to detect four eye movement behaviours‚Äîfixations, saccades, smooth pursuits, and blinks‚Äîfrom infrared near-eye videos. To explicitly capture motion information, we introduce optical flow as the input for one stream. Additionally, we propose a spatio-temporal feature fusion module to combine information from the two streams. The framework is evaluated on a large-scale eye movement dataset and performs excellent results.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Human-computer interaction; Pattern recognition; Eye tracking; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74n122ks", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ziheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaowei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Xiaodong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhenyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern Polytechnical University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Liang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ye", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erwei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24382/galley/13979/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24382/galley/21683/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24278, "title": "Two-year-olds can reason about the temporal structure of their performance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When learners improve, the temporal change in performance carries information about progress; we know we ‚Äúgot the hang of it‚Äù after succeeding on a task we used to fail at. Building on prior work investigating older children's ability to track their performance over time, here we ask whether two-year-olds can reason about the temporal pattern of their performance outcomes. Children in the Improvement condition experienced 3 failures followed by 3 successes (FFFSSS) whereas children in the Stochastic condition experienced the same number of failures and successes in a seemingly random sequence (SSFFSF). When asked which toy they wanted to show their parent, children were more likely to select the Test Toy over a Control Toy when the temporal sequence of their performance suggested improvement than when it appeared to be random. By reasoning about their own performance over time, even young children can make informed choices about their future actions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Development" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vb912rp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Veronica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aranda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Grace", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Keene", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hyowon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gweon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24278/galley/13874/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24278/galley/21684/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21563, "title": "Two-year-olds' mapping of emotion words to facial expressions in a looking-while-listening task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Children's acquisition of emotion words is a topic of interest across the domains of emotion research, early language acquisition, and social development. Prior research has shown a slow, gradual process of emotion word acquisition during ages 2‚Äì5 years and beyond. However, this research has used tasks that are demanding for young children, such as asking them to label or sort facial expressions. Here, in a preregistered study, we used a child-friendly looking-time paradigm---the \"looking-while-listening'' task---to assess children's understanding of four emotion words, \"happy,'' \"sad,'' \"angry,'' and \"scared.'' We presented 64 two-year-olds (Mean age = 2.51, range: 2.00-2.97) with facial expressions and measured their preferential looking to the target face upon hearing an emotion word. Both younger and older two-year-olds showed above-chance performance when the target and distractor faces differed in valence (e.g., happy vs. sad). When the target and distractor faces were of the same valence (e.g., angry vs. sad), younger two-year-olds' results did not reach significance, but older two-year-olds' results were significantly above chance. These results suggest that within-valence mappings of emotion words to facial expressions emerges at least during the second half of age two. Full paper here: [https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/nsq5t]", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Emotion; Emotion Perception; Language development" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/37f6z7kf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hanqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto Scarborough", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Toronto Scarborough", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21563/galley/11162/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21563/galley/14639/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21563/galley/21685/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24786, "title": "Typological Prevalence Hypothesis: The Case of Kinship", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Languages across the world organize semantic categories in many ways. Research in semantic typology and efficient communication has shown that languages tend to be shaped by pressures for communicative efficiency. It was recently proposed, in addition to this principle of efficiency, that the cross-linguistic prevalence of a system is explained by considering and formalizing the Typological Prevalence Hypothesis. This recent research found that the interaction between communicative and developmental pressures infers the prevalence of color-naming systems across the world better than phylogenetic relatedness alone. However, it is not yet clear whether the information-theoretic framework developed by the authors can explain the typological prevalence of non-perceptual categories. Therefore, we extend this model to kinship systems to test if this formalization of the Typological Prevalence Hypothesis can generalize to other semantic domains.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Evolution; Language and thought; Language development; Statistical learning; Computational Modeling; Cross-linguistic analysis; Mathematical modeling; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xb889r3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jules", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Torgue", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rosalind", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Owen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mollica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24786/galley/21686/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24786/galley/14384/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24786/galley/18241/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24786/galley/21686/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24771, "title": "Uncertain Identity Inference in a Biased Media Landscape: An Agent-Based Model of Identity Signalling, Moral Values, and Political Polarisation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Political polarisation is growing along with its negative consequences ‚Äì degradation of functional government and increases in stochastic violence. Polarisation can result from both cognitive factors affecting information processing and biased information ecosystems, but their interactions are poorly understood. We present an agent-based model combining a varyingly polarised media landscape with agents driven by homophily and uncertain (political) identity inference processes. Agents were motivated to find similar others to form an ingroup by comparing moral values expressed in response to environmentally imposed moral dilemmas. Media pushed moral values in line with either liberal or conservative values, varying in agreement and influence. Liberal agents were more satisfied (according to homophily motivations), formed larger, more stable clusters, and morally disengaged less than conservatives. Identity aligned media exposure increased liberal agents' satisfaction, but had no, or the opposite effect, on conservative agents. We conclude that media exposure asymmetrically affects political polarisation across political identities.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Group Behaviour; Social cognition; Agent-based Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nd1t292", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julie Maria Ejby", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pedersen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moore", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24771/galley/21687/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24771/galley/14369/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24771/galley/18226/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24771/galley/21687/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24090, "title": "Uncertainty affects planning effort, but not plans", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When people plan, they often do so in the face of uncertainty. However, little is known about how uncertainty affects planning. To study these effects, we used a reward gathering task in which the we varied the reliability of announced rewards varied from certain to completely random. We quantitatively compared several planning models. We found that participants used a suboptimal approach, failing to directly incorporate stochasticity into their planning. Instead, they \"compensated\" for uncertainty by decreasing their planning effort as stochasticity increased. First-move response time correspondingly decreased with increasing stochasticity. Our findings generalized to a manipulation of transition uncertainty. Together, these findings open the door to a more comprehensive and computationally grounded understanding of the role of stochasticity in planning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Decision making; Reasoning; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0m9178tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lei", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wei Ji", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New York University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24090/galley/13684/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24090/galley/21688/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24713, "title": "Uncertainty-driven little alchemists: Differences in exploration strategies between adults and children in an online game", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Past research examining developmental differences in exploration behavior has shown that children are more likely than adults to seek out uncertainty. However, children's exploration behavior may be shaped by their distinct prior experiences and assumptions, differing from those of adults. We investigate these differences and their potential impact on exploration, using the game ‚ÄúLittle Alchemy‚Äù, in which players can create new elements (e.g. clay) by combining previously discovered elements (e.g. stone and mud). Previous work found that adults use an empowerment strategy: They combine elements with the goal of creating new elements with the potential for many successful combinations. We observed that children were less likely to use an empowerment strategy, but relied more on their uncertainty compared to adults. This discrepancy decreased over age. In a follow-up experiment, we showed that this difference was indeed due to children using different strategies rather than the influence of different semantic priors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Development; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Developmental analysis" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vt92302", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Franziska", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brändle", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Silja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kessler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Biologial Cybernetics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Azzurra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruggeri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technical University Munich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schulz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24713/galley/21689/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24713/galley/14311/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24713/galley/18159/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24713/galley/21689/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24217, "title": "Uncovering the Rules of Entity-Level Robotic Working Memory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Working Memory (WM) is a necessary component for models of human cognition and human-inspired robot cognitive architectures. Different theories explain how the limited capacity of WM should be maintained, including theories of forgetting through decay and interference. Yet, it is unclear how WM models informed by these theories might be used to inform robot cognition, and how they might shape robots' ability to engage in natural, situated, language-based interactions. To resolve this tension, in this work we consider entity-level, feature-based WM systems that can be integrated into robot cognitive architectures to reflect both decay- and interference-based dynamics. We demonstrate how different parameterizations of these WM strategies have fundamentally different error modes in different interaction contexts. We formulate rules that inform the selection of decay and interference parameters to be used in contexts with different factors that are important for language-based interaction.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Robotics; Cognitive architectures; Language Production; Memory" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fv166m5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rafael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sousa Silva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado School of Mines", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Williams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado School of Mines", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24217/galley/13813/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24217/galley/21690/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24647, "title": "Understanding exact large number is possible in Amazonian languages", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "There is debate regarding the role of number words in numerical cognition, especially for understanding exact large numbers. Studies of languages with number words for only small numbers suggest those languages do not provide symbolic scaffolding for exact large numerical cognition. This study investigates numerical cognition in speakers of the Amazonian language Awet√Ω which has twenty number words. In experimental tasks with numbers/objects up to 20, Awet√Ω participants demonstrated high accuracy in counting, verbal number comprehension, verbal and non-verbal one-to-one matching, and exact subtraction. Awet√Ω speakers also performed with high accuracy on approximate non-symbolic number comparison with more than 20 items, i.e. beyond their number word range. Awet√Ω participants performed as well as Portuguese speaking control participants across tasks. These findings demonstrate that knowledge and use of a system of twenty numeral words is sufficient for understanding exact numerical equivalence, at least up to 20, and basic arithmetic proficiency.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Anthropology; Linguistics; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Culture; Language and thought; Other; Ethnography; Field studies" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/479819s8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Da Silva Sinha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kamaiura Sabino", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Secretaria Estadual de Educaçao", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Silke M.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Göbel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Asifa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Majid", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24647/galley/21691/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24647/galley/14245/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24647/galley/18035/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24647/galley/21691/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24124, "title": "Understanding Expertise in Elite Competitive eSports: A Comparison of Approaches to Scalable Dimensionality Reduction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Various methods of dimensionality reduction have been used to apply a quantitative approach to the study of complex skill acquisition. This work builds upon past approaches, offering a comparative analysis of principal component analysis, logistic regression, and linear discriminant analysis to quantify expertise in the domain of competitive video gaming, or ‚ÄúeSports.‚Äù We present a novel, robust dataset of expert and non-expert gameplay data from professional and amateur players of the Super Smash Bros. Melee competitive fighting game. We assess each quantitative model via the metrics of providing accurate expertise classification, predictive utility, and a pragmatic window into the features of complex skill performance that hold the most weight in overall performance outcomes, thereby also providing insights for direction of future training. We posit that linear discriminant analysis provides the best performance for all relevant metrics. The nuances are discussed here, and suggestions for the field are offered for future study of other complex skill domains.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Skill acquisition and learning; Bayesian modeling; Big data; Comparative Analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z02f7nv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Noah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phillips", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Sims", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24124/galley/13718/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24124/galley/21692/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24037, "title": "Understanding Infinity: Neural Network Models of Becoming a \"Cardinal Principle Knower\"", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As children enter elementary school, their understanding of the ordinal structure of numbers transitions from a memorized count list of the first 50-100 numbers to knowing the successor function and understanding the countably infinite. We investigate this developmental change in two neural network models that learn the successor function on the pairs (N, N+1) for N in (0, 98). The first uses a one-hot encoding of the input and output values and corresponds to children memorizing a count list, while the second model uses a place-value encoding and corresponds to children learning the language rules for naming numbers. The place-value model showed a predicted drop in representational similarity across tens boundaries. Analysis of the latent representation shows that counting across a tens boundary can be understood as a vector operation in 2D space, where the numbers with the same tens place are organized in a linearly separable manner, whereas those with the same ones place are grouped together. A curriculum learning simulation shows that, in the expanding numerical environment of the developing child, representations of smaller numbers continue to be sharpened even as larger numbers begin to be learned. These models set the stage for future work using recurrent architectures to move beyond learning the successor function to simulating the counting process more generally, and point towards a deeper understanding of what it means to understand the countably infinite.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive development; Machine learning; Representation; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5cz2v6d5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gupta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sashank", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varma", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia Tech", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24037/galley/13631/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24037/galley/21693/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21633, "title": "Understanding Multimodal Deep Neural Networks: A Concept Selection View", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The multimodal deep neural networks, represented by CLIP, have generated rich downstream applications owing to their excellent performance, thus making understanding the decision-making process of CLIP an essential research topic. Due to the complex structure and the massive pre-training data, it is often regarded as a black-box model that is too difficult to understand and interpret. Concept-based models map the black-box visual representations extracted by deep neural networks onto a set of human-understandable concepts and use the concepts to make predictions, enhancing the transparency of the decision-making process. However, these methods involve the datasets labeled with fine-grained attributes by expert knowledge, which incur high costs and introduce excessive human prior knowledge and bias. In this paper, we observe the long-tail distribution of concepts, based on which we propose a two-stage Concept Selection Model (CSM) to mine core concepts without introducing any human priors. The concept greedy rough selection algorithm is applied to extract head concepts, and then the concept mask fine selection method performs the extraction of core concepts. Experiments show that our approach achieves comparable performance to end-to-end black-box models, and human evaluation demonstrates that the concepts discovered by our method are interpretable and comprehensible for humans.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Concepts and categories; Representation; Vision; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1h67z0ww", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chenming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hengyuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yujiu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Data and Information", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21633/galley/11232/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21633/galley/14541/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21633/galley/22053/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21344, "title": "Understanding rule enforcement using drift diffusion models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Since their inception, drift diffusion models have been applied across a wide range of disciplines within psychology to uncover the mental processes that underlie perception, attention, and cognitive control. Our studies contribute to ongoing efforts to extend these models to abstract, social reasoning processes like moral or legal judgment. We presented participants with a set of social rules, while manipulating whether various\nbehaviors violated the rule's letter and/or its purpose‚Äì‚Äì‚Äìtwo independent standards by which to decide what constitutes a transgression. In this framework, cases that violate or comply with both a rule's text and its purpose can be seen as congruent or ‚Äòeasy' cases, and cases that elicit opposing verdicts as incongruent or ‚Äòhard' cases‚Äì‚Äì‚Äìin a manner analogous to widely-studied conflict tasks in cognitive psychology. We recorded 34,573 decisions made by 364 participants under soft time pressure, and investigated whether hierarchical drift diffusion modeling could explain various behavioral patterns in our data. This approach yielded three key insights: (1) judgments of conviction were faster than judgments of acquittal owing to an overall bias (z parameter) toward conviction; (2) incongruent cases produced longer reaction times than congruent cases (an interference effect), due to differences in the rate of evidence accumulation (v parameter) across case-types; and (3) increases in the ratio of congruent-to-incongruent cases amplified the interference effect on reaction times, by fostering greater response caution‚Äîrevealed by a larger threshold (or a parameter). Thus, our studies document dissociable effects of the drift diffusion components on rule-based decision-making, and illustrate how the cognitive processes that subserve abstract and social decision-making tasks, such as the enforcement of communal and legal rules, may be illuminated through the drift diffusion framework.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Psychology; Concepts and categories; Social cognition; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/737187j2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Neele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Engelmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Development", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ivar", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Hannikainen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Granada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Carlos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gonzàlez-García", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Granada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Granada", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21344/galley/10943/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21344/galley/21789/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24825, "title": "Understanding the impact of early adverse experiences on computational models of neurocognitive processes in adolescents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Environmental stressors present negative consequences for development. However, their impact on relevant neurocognitive processes, particularly in underrepresented samples, is less clear. The current project aims to examine how adverse experiences influence efficiency of evidence accumulation and neural connectivity in adolescents. \n\nThe study included 199 adolescents from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a population-based longitudinal cohort study with substantial representation of youths from disadvantaged backgrounds. Participants completed an emotional-faces, gender-identification task while undergoing functional MRI. Reaction times (RT) and responses were recorded and fitted with a drift diffusion model. Parameters were estimated using the Dynamic Model of Choice software, which provides a better characterization of the underlying cognitive mechanisms compared with using RTs or cognitive batteries. \n\nAnalyses investigating the impact of adverse experiences to drift rate and functional connectivity are underway. Results from this study will provide a better understanding of adversity on neurocognitive mechanisms in adolescents.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Cognitive development; Bayesian modeling; fMRI" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fw0s8dv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Felicia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hardi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander S.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weigard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Maria K.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scavnicky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Colter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitchell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Luke W.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hyde", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher S.", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Monk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24825/galley/17322/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24825/galley/21694/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21584, "title": "Understanding Time in Children's Mind: Development of Mental Timelines on Three-dimensional Axes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Mandarin speakers have different space-time mappings than English speakers, but how Mandarin-speaking children spatialize time is unknown. We explored the development of 3D time-space representations in Chinese children aged 3 to 5. 145 Mandarin-speaking children, divided into three conditions (Exp1: horizontal, vertical, and Exp2: sagittal axes), undertook an MTL task for ten picture stories. We analysed their choices in 3-step temporal events, intending to test their sequential and directional preference of time (e.g., order vs. disorder; left-to- right vs. right-to-left). The results showed that Chinese children acquired sequential temporal representations on the horizontal and vertical axes at age 4, similar to English-speaking children. However, their directional preferences appeared earlier than English children (Exp1). Furthermore, the sagittal axis had different patterns: sequentiality emerged only at age 5, but directional preference still has not emerged in the whole 3- 5age group.These findings emphasize that language and culture impact children's conceptualization of time.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognition of Time; Cognitive development; Language and thought; Language development" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f55v30z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jiayu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Syracuse University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCL", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21584/galley/11183/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21584/galley/21977/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24788, "title": "Unfolding Structure in the Drawings of Cubes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Recent work using neural networks and crowd-sourced perceptual judgements has shown that human figure drawings contain latent structure that can predict many characteristics of the artist including parent-reported motor function and perceived gender. We extend these approaches to two-dimensional renderings of three-dimensional cubes, assessing whether latent structure in these cube drawings likewise predicts demographic characteristics and motor function measured via a paper-folding task. Drawings produced with marker and paper showed a large predictive relationship with paper-folding (accounting for 59% of the offset variance, 62% of the angle variance, ps < .01). We also observed a complex interaction with gender: better cube-drawings predicted better paper-folding for male-identifying participants, but this relationship was reversed for female-identifying participants, who demonstrated better paper folding abilities overall. The results suggest that cube drawings contain richer structure than previously recognized and can provide a useful nonverbal metric for characterizing aspects of cognitive and motor abilities.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive development; Motor control; Spatial cognition; Knowledge representation; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1db795jx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Clint", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Jensen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "Rogers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin- Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brittany G.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Travers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Heather", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kirkorian", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Karl", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosengren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Rochester", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24788/galley/21695/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24788/galley/14386/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24788/galley/18243/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24788/galley/21695/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21627, "title": "UNIFIT: A Unified Framework For Instruction Tuning To Improve Instruction Following Ability For Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Extensive instruction tuning of large language models(LLMs) has proven to be a powerful technique, extending the outstanding performance of general LLMs to new tasks. Consequently, the integration of state-of-the-art(SOTA) general open-source models with specific domains leverages instruction tuning to unlock the emerging capabilities of large language models(LLMs) in those domains. Current practices in instruction tuning often rely on expanding the size of the dataset without a clear strategy to ensure data quality. This can inadvertently introduce noise and degrade model performance. Furthermore, there is currently no unified approach for the quantity, quality, and diversity of instruction tuning data, as well as the methods for instruction tuning. As a result, this severely hampers the practicality and universality of instruction tuning.\\\\ Addressing these issues, we propose a \\textbf{UNI}fied \\textbf{F}ramework for \\textbf{I}nstruction \\textbf{T}uning(\\textbf{UNIFIT}), namely Concept Tree generation for instruction tuning data, instruction following difficulty selecting data for high-quality instruction tuning, and the incorporation of random noise embeddings(NE) to enhance model performance during tuning. Through experiments involving multiple models, domains, and orders of magnitude, our proposed instruction tuning framework not only enhances the diversity of instruction tuning data but also achieves a remarkable 60\\% reduction in training time consumption, with a mere 6\\% of all instruction tuning data, surpassing the performance of using all instruction tuning data by 11\\%. This universally applicable instruction tuning framework signifies a substantial advancement in the generality of large language model instruction tuning, marking a revolutionary leap forward and promising efficiency gains while being resource-conscious.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Instruction and teaching; Machine learning; Natural Language Processing; Big data; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8406229x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Qiang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "XinJiang university", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Feng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Xinjiang university", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "DeHao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tsinghua University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "BingKun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Zhengzhou College of Finance and Economics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "YongFeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "TsingHua University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21627/galley/11226/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21627/galley/14535/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21627/galley/22054/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21433, "title": "Uniform information density explains subject doubling in French", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper we investigate whether subject doubling in French is affected by the Uniform Information Density (UID) principle, which states that speakers prefer language encoding that minimizes fluctuations in information density. We show that, other factors being controlled, speakers are more likely to double the NP subject when it has a high surprisal, thus providing further empirical evidence to the UID principle which predicts a surprisal-redundancy trade-off as a property of natural languages. We argue for the importance of employing GPT-2 to investigate complex linguistic phenomena such as subject doubling, as it enables the estimation of subject surprisal by considering a rather large conversational context, a task made possible by powerful language models that incorporate linguistic knowledge through pre-training on extensive datasets.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language Production; Syntax; Case studies; Corpus studies; Large Language Models; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/645673fs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yiming", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universiteit Gent", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pascal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Amsili", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Université Sorbonne Nouvelle", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Heather", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burnett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "CNRS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21433/galley/11032/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21433/galley/21878/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24357, "title": "Universal cognition in the context of resources and goals", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The classical (symbol system) theory of cognition is supposed to explain systematicity---the coexistence of cognitive abilities. However, the classical theory does not explain why cognitive systems should be symbolic, nor why cognition sometimes fails to be systematic, so the symbol system assumption is seen by some as ad hoc: motivated only to fit the data. A mathematical theory is presented as a framework towards addressing these questions in terms of the available cognitive resources and the intended goals. A cognitive system is supposed to be resource-dependent and goal-driven. Accordingly, systematicity, or lack thereof follows from a universal construction principle (in a category theory sense) in this context---systems of symbols arise (or, fail to arise) as the \"best\" possible mapping given the available resources and the intended goal.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Philosophy; Psychology; Cognitive architectures; Theory of Mind; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1g15f7zk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phillips", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24357/galley/13954/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24357/galley/21696/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24683, "title": "Unlocking the Brain's Clock: the effects of transauricular vagus nerve stimulation on time processing.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "It has been highlighted that non-invasive stimulation of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (taVNS) have a neuromodulatory effects on several cognitive functions. In-fact, tha vagal system is central for the organism's homeostatic regulation and it has widespread connections with various cortical and subcortical areas. Hence, our focus on studying the impact of this technique on a multifaceted cognitive process essential in human experience, time perception. Healthy subjects underwent explicit (duration discrimination) and implicit (prediction) temporal tasks during two distinct experimental sessions of stimulation with taVNS: a sham condition (offline stimulator) and an active stimulation condition. Participants' cardiac activity (Heart rate variability) was monitored throughout the experiment. Preliminary results show improved performance during the active stimulation condition, particularly for predictive temporal tasks. TaVNS may enhance brain activity in areas crucial for implicit timing (e.g. upper temporal cortex, lower parietal cortex) and supporting the adjustment process of temporal prediction errors.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Behavioral Science; Cognition of Time; Predictive Processing" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43c8s0md", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maria Luisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "De Martino", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leemhuis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angelica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scuderi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mariella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pazzaglia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Sapienza University of Rome", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24683/galley/21697/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24683/galley/14281/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24683/galley/18102/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24683/galley/21697/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21636, "title": "Unlocking the Face Code: How Facial Characteristics Drive Social Biases", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People rapidly form first impressions based on facial appearances, which have significant real-life consequences. While various computational models have been developed to analyze how facial characteristics influence these impressions, they often have limitations, such as focusing on limited trait impressions, restricted facial characteristics, reliance on black-box machine learning methods, and dependency on manual annotations. In this study, we address these shortcomings by utilizing recent advancements in computer vision to extract human-interpretable, quantitative measures of facial characteristics (e.g., facial morphological features and skin color) and emotional attributes from face images. Using machine learning techniques, we modeled 34 first impressions and validated our model's generalizability and predictive accuracy with out-of-sample faces. Our model demonstrates the relative importance of facial characteristics and emotional attributes in shaping these 34 first impressions. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of how various facial characteristics and emotional attributes collectively influence social biases.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Face Processing; Social cognition; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25g3s339", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Necdet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gurkan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stevens Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vismay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rathod", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stevens Institute of Technology", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21636/galley/11235/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21636/galley/14544/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21636/galley/22055/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24621, "title": "Unraveling Overreaction in Expectations: Leveraging Cognitive Sampling Algorithms in Price Prediction Tasks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "When making financial forecasts, individuals often overreact to recent information, as consistently observed in both laboratory studies with na√Øve participants and professional consensus real-world forecasting. Current models attribute this overreaction to either an overestimation of recent information or memory constraints favoring more accessible information. An alternative explanation suggests individuals accurately integrate all available information into their mental posterior probability distribution for forecasting, but are unable to directly access this distribution, leading to dependence on approximation methods such as sampling. Local sampling algorithms have received recent support in other forecasting contexts and may introduce overreaction as a consequence of a starting point bias. By reanalyzing existing data from a price prediction task with a random walk price series, we observe increasing variability in predicted values and forecast errors as the horizon expands. Employing this heightened variability and overreaction, we differentiate between competing explanations for the observed forecasting behavior.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90j4g9vg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yuqi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jian-Qiao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jake", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spicer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanborn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24621/galley/21698/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24621/galley/14218/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24621/galley/17986/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24621/galley/21698/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24099, "title": "Unrealized promise of joint modeling of choice and reaction time in improving representation learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As mental representations are standardly thought to underlie all cognitive processes, a major goal of cognitive science has been to uncover representations. Methods for representation learning from behavioral data often model choice or reaction time data alone, but not jointly, leaving out potentially useful information. Here we develop two models of choice and RT in the odd-one-out task, including one based on the Linear Ballistic Accumulator. Parameter recovery simulations show joint modeling of choice and RT with LBA recovers representations more accurately than modeling choice alone with softmax. However, on two empirical datasets of images and words, joint models performed no better than choice-only models, despite a significant correlation of reaction time with two measures of similarity and choice difficulty in both datasets. We speculate on reasons for the unrealized promise of joint modeling of RT and choice in representation learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Machine learning; Representation; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87n5h98z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Russell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Richie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nehal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ajmal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vassar College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "N", "last_name": "Hebart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24099/galley/13693/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24099/galley/21699/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24264, "title": "Unsupervised Learning for Global and Local Visual Perception Using Navon Figures", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In human visual cognition, there are two types of cognition: holistic cognition, in which the whole is perceived as it is, and featural cognition, in which attention is directed to the components of an object. Navon figures are images that are commonly used for the study of holistic and featural processing in vision. In this paper, we propose a machine learning model that performs unsupervised learning to separate the global and local shapes of Navon figures. In the experiments, by introducing a model that learns image features by exploiting algebraic independence, the global and local shapes of Navon figures were successfully separated and the latent space representing each feature was learned. It was also shown that the feature separation ability was improved by making the structure of the neural network asymmetric. However, the components of the Navon figures used in this study were identical; the proposed model cannot direct attention to each component of Navon figures. Therefore, a model that can direct attention to each component and learn its feature is required in the future.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Pattern recognition; Perception; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rh5s2h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kayato", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nishitsunoi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoshiyuki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ohmura", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yasuo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kuniyoshi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24264/galley/13860/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24264/galley/21700/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24060, "title": "Unveiling Analogical Reasoning Strategies: Insights from Eye Tracking in Four-Term Analogies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We applied eye tracking and semantically rich four-term analogies with a broad range of distractor types to investigate strategies of analogical reasoning. We adopted the operationalization of strategies proposed in previous eye-tracking studies and introduced an alternative, more fine-grained method of presenting gaze dynamics across a trial in a four-term analogy (A:B::C:D). Our analysis of fixations and transitions between Areas of Interest provided support for existing research findings, suggesting that the primary and most effective strategy when solving four-term analogies is the so-called projection-first strategy, which focuses on the source-domain relation and its generalization to the target domain.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Analogy; Problem Solving; Reasoning; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cb7660h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kucwaj", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "SWPS University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bart≈Çomiej", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kroczek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jagiellonian University in Krakow", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chuderski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Jagiellonian University in Krakow", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24060/galley/13654/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24060/galley/21701/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21573, "title": "Unveiling Diplomatic Narratives: Analyzing United Nations Security Council Debates Through Metaphorical Cognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is entrusted with the responsibility of safeguarding global peace and security. Prominent global security concerns will be deliberated upon, and viewpoints will be presented within the UNSC. Analyzing the cognitive patterns from UNSC debates helps scholars gain insights into the intricacies of international relations and diplomatic discourse. In this study, our focus lies in the cognitive analysis of debates held within the UNSC. We employ metaphors and their associated concept mappings as a methodological tool to dissect the cognitive nuances present in the debates, spanning from January 1995 to December 2020. To undertake this extensive analysis from a large volume of documents, we leverage MetaPro, a state-of-the-art computational metaphor processing system to obtain the concept mappings of metaphors. We analyze cognitive variations by temporal and geographical variables. We also demonstrate the correlation between metaphor-reflected cognition and diplomatic behavior, and their recursive influence, based on large sample research. Our major finding highlights the mutual impacts of metaphorical cognition and voting behavior at the UN.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Language and thought; Corpus studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5360b3js", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nanyang Technological University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tianwei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Nanyang Technological University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Qian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Computer Science and Engineering", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amir", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hussain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edinburgh Napier University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cambria", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NTUsg", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21573/galley/11172/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21573/galley/21966/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24534, "title": "Unveiling the Path to Phonological Anticipation: Insights from Infants' Eye Movements", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Unveiling the Path to Phonological Anticipation: Insights from Infants' Eye Movements\n\nPhonological anticipation, predicting upcoming words based on phonological cues, is crucial in language processing (Brunellière et al., 2018; Ito et al., 2018). While infants show predictive abilities in language domains, mechanisms and developmental trajectories in native Spanish-speaking populations are less explored. This study investigates phonological anticipation in Mexican Spanish-speaking infants using eye-tracking. It examines if infants of different ages can anticipate phonologically related words in semantically restrictive sentences. Auditory sentences with restrictive contexts were presented, and visual stimuli included phonologically related and unrelated competitors. Participants were 18, 24, and 30-month-old infants. Results show 18- and 24-month-olds didn't anticipate based on semantics alone, requiring auditory presentation. However, 30-month-olds demonstrated phonological anticipation, signaling developmental changes. Understanding this trajectory is vital for comprehending language processing. This study contributes insights into the emergence and maturation of phonological anticipation, impacting language acquisition theories.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Language development; Natural Language Processing; Semantics; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wv4f529", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alejandra Mitzi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Castellón-Flores", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Armando", "middle_name": "Q", "last_name": "Angulo-Chavira", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Nacional Auntónoma de México", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arias-Trejo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, UNAM", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24534/galley/21702/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24534/galley/14131/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24534/galley/21702/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21397, "title": "Unveiling the Synergistic Effects: A Unified Autonomous Synaptic Development Mechanism for Reservoir Computing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Reservoir computing (RC) offers distinct advantages in extracting spatiotemporal information with low training costs by separating recurrent neural networks into a fixed network with recurrent connections. The quality of the fixed network, known as the reservoir, plays a pivotal role in the performance of the RC system. Our work aims to provide a unified synaptic development framework for RC, constructing a more biologically plausible reservoir to model and understand the neural networks development within the human brain. In this paper, we propose an Autonomous Synaptic Development Reservoir Computing model (ASD-RC) based on an adaptive network of phase oscillators. The reservoir autonomously adjusts the distribution of connection weights in response to external stimuli, forming a task-specific structure. Through experiments and theoretical analyses, we demonstrate that ASD-RC can emulate various synaptic development rules of biological neural networks in \\textit{vivo}, including the Hebbian rule and STDP. Furthermore, experiments reveal that combining different development rules can enhance performance on prediction tasks compared to using a single development rule, showcasing the emergence and effects of synergistic development that improve information processing capacity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Dynamical Systems; Computational neuroscience; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71v8783s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhihao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zuo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhongxue", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fudan University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21397/galley/10996/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21397/galley/21842/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21685, "title": "Use of spatial reference frames for motion events in Balinese co-speech gesture", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spatial cognition and spatial language are a core site for diversity, both within and across language communities. For instance, when describing motion events, speakers through speech and gesture may anchor information either (egocentrically) to their body or (allocentrically) to geographical landmarks in the environment. Here we investigate whether the use of such egocentric versus allocentric frames of reference in co-speech gesture indeed depends on both bodily and environmental axes. In a real-world experiment, members from the traditionally allocentric Balinese community were shown small-scale motion events and asked to retell them. To evaluate the potential influence of both types of axes on gestural frame of reference use, in a 2x2 between-participant design they were assigned to conditions that contrasted the body-anchored axis the motion events unfolded on with the underlying geographical environment-anchored axis. It was observed that the type of body-anchored axis significantly predicted frame of reference representation in participants' gestures, consistent with previous research. The type of environment-anchored axes, however, did not affect characteristics of participants' gestures. These findings advance our understanding of the intricate interplay between language, space, culture, and environment.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Spatial cognition; Field studies; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/93h7v6sb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Danielle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Naegeli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Peeters", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emiel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krahmer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marieke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schouwstra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Made Sri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Satyawati", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universitas Udayana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Connie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "De Vos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21685/galley/11284/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21685/galley/22078/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24631, "title": "Using additional data types to identify the unidentifiable components of cognition during decision-making", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Drift-Diffusion Models (DDMs) are a widely-used class of models that assume an accumulation of evidence during a quick decision. These models are often used as measurement models to assess individual differences in cognitive processes, such as an individual's evidence accumulation rate and response caution. An additional underlying assumption of these models is that there is internal noise in the evidence accumulation process. However, fitting DDMs to experimental choice-response time data alone cannot yield estimates of an individual's evidence accumulation rate, caution, and internal noise at the same time. This is due to an intrinsic joint-unidentifiability of these parameters when fitting DDMs to behavioral data. We introduce methods of estimating these parameters at the same time with additional data types. The methods to estimate model parameters rely on Bayesian inference and simulation-based Bayesian inference. We show why these methods are useful without making strong assumptions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Decision making; Bayesian modeling; Electroencephalography (EEG); Mathematical modeling; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q73707g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Nunez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna-Lena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schubert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Mainz", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gidon", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Frischkorn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Klaus", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oberauer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24631/galley/21703/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24631/galley/14228/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24631/galley/18005/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24631/galley/21703/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21561, "title": "Using Cognitive Variables to Explain Why Effect Sizes Differ in the Behavioral Sciences.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We examine the heterogeneity of text-based behavioral interventions in a series of 5 preregistered studies across one in-person and 10 online panels, with over 11000 respondents in total. We observe large heterogeneity across settings and paradigms. Model the heterogeneity we introduce a framework that measures typically omitted moderators: Fluid Intelligence, Attentiveness, Crystallized Intelligence, and Experience. Variation in these factors are associated with different effect sizes and explain variations across samples. Moderators are associated with effect sizes through two paths, with the intensity of the manipulation and with the effect of the manipulation directly. Our results motivate observing these moderators and provide a theoretical and empirical framework for understanding and predicting varying effect sizes in the social sciences.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Decision making; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5s78z8vx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Antonia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krefeld-Schwalb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Prof. Eric J.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Columbia University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eli", "middle_name": "Rosen", "last_name": "Sugerman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Columbia University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21561/galley/11160/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21561/galley/14637/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21561/galley/21704/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24252, "title": "Using Compositionality to Learn Many Categories from Few Examples", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans have the remarkable ability to learn new categories from few examples, but how few examples can we actually learn from? Recent studies suggest it may be possible to learn more novel concepts than the number of examples. Previous approaches to such less-than-one-shot (LO-shot) learning used soft labels to provide weighted mappings from each example to multiple categories. Unfortunately, people find soft labels unintuitive and this approach did not provide plausible, cognitively-grounded mechanisms for LO-shot learning at scale. We propose a new paradigm that leverages well-established learning strategies: reducing complex stimuli to primitives, learning by discrimination, and generalizing to novel compositions of features. We show that participants can learn 22 categories from just 4 examples, shedding light on the mechanisms involved in LO-shot learning. Our results provide valuable insights into the human ability to learn many categories from limited examples, and the strategies people employ to achieve this impressive feat.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Psychology; Learning; Machine learning; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kj0s042", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ilia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sucholutsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bonan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Griffiths", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24252/galley/13848/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24252/galley/21705/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24320, "title": "Using Counterfactual Tasks to Evaluate the Generality of Analogical Reasoning in Large Language Models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Large language models (LLMs) have performed well on several reasoning benchmarks, including ones that test analogical reasoning abilities. However, it has been debated whether they are actually performing humanlike abstract reasoning or instead employing less general processes that rely on similarity to what has been seen in their training data. Here we investigate the generality of analogy-making abilities previously claimed for LLMs (Webb, Holyoak, & Lu, 2023). We take one set of analogy problems used to evaluate LLMs and create a set of ‚Äúcounterfactual‚Äù variants‚Äîversions that test the same abstract reasoning abilities but that are likely dissimilar from any pre-training data. We test humans and three GPT models on both the original and counterfactual problems, and show that, while the performance of humans remains high for all the problems, the GPT models' performance declines sharply on the counterfactual set. This work provides evidence that, despite previously reported successes of LLMs on analogical reasoning, these models lack the robustness and generality of human analogy-making.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Machine learning; Problem Solving; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/58d9s666", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Martha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lewis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bristol", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitchell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Santa Fe Institute", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24320/galley/13916/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24320/galley/21706/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24651, "title": "Using eye fixations in probabilistic categorization to predict declarative retrieval on relevant exemplar features", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Probabilistic categorization (PC) has been used mostly to distinguish between memory systems (declarative vs. procedural). Most literature on PC has relied on the Weather Prediction Task. However, this task doesn't provide the flexibility in assigning probabilities to exemplar features that is often required in more ecological settings. Recently, Marchant and Chaigneau (2021) developed a PC task that allows flexible classification probabilities by computing p(category|feature). In this study, we implemented Marchant and Chaigneau's PC task under two feedback conditions (i.e., 70% and 90%) counterbalanced by three features' relevance conditions. In the transfer phase, subjects rated exemplars' category membership. During learning, we implemented eye-tracking to capture the number of fixations to each exemplar's features. Our work in progress shows that fixations on relevant features predict transfer responses, suggesting that people show declarative knowledge of critical features according to their relevance. Interestingly, declarative retrieval varies with the reliability of feedback.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Learning; Memory; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6cr202rx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Martín", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Montesinos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Adolfo Ibàñez", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Antonia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Olguí", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Adolfo Ibàñez", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "vicente", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "soto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Adolfo Ibañez", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sergio", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Chaigneau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Adolfo Ibanez University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marchant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universidad Adolfo Ibàñez", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24651/galley/21707/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24651/galley/14249/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24651/galley/21707/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21490, "title": "Using Gibbs Sampling with People to characterize perceptual and aesthetic evaluations in multidimensional visual stimulus space", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Aesthetic appreciation is inherently multidimensional: many different stimulus dimensions (e.g., colors, shapes, sizes) contribute to our aesthetic experience. However, most studies in empirical aesthetics used either non-parametrically controlled multidimensional or parametrically controlled unidimensional stimuli, preventing insight into the relative contribution of each stimulus dimension or any potential interactions between them to perceptual and aesthetic evaluations. To adress this gap we combined two recent developments: the Order & Complexity Toolbox for Aesthetics (Van Geert, Bossens, & Wagemans, 2023) for generating multidimensional parametrically controlled stimuli, and Gibbs Sampling with People (Harrison et al., 2020) for efficiently characterizing subjective evaluations in multidimensional stimulus space. We show the advantages of this new approach by estimating multidimensional probability distributions for both aesthetic (pleasure and interest) and perceptual evaluations (order and complexity) in two visual multidimensional parametric stimulus spaces, and we compare our results with findings from earlier studies that used either non-parametric or unidimensional stimuli.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Aesthetics; Perception; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pc8k7ch", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Van Geert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "KU Leuven", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jacoby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21490/galley/11089/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21490/galley/21935/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24839, "title": "Using Google Docs for Collaborative Writing Feedback With International Students", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Giving effective writing feedback can be a challenge for any English instructor. Teaching students how to provide peer feedback can be problematic as well. Both these challenges may seem even more apparent when teaching online during a pandemic. Using Google Docs for collaborative writing feedback is one effective method for addressing both these concerns in a university-based Intensive English Program (IEP). This critical perspective examines how to scaffold collaborative writing feedback remotely using free and widely available platform Google Docs and looks at future use, post-pandemic. In particular, it will share how the authors used Google Docs to track feedback and corrections from instructors to students, set up interactive writing exercises in synchronous courses, and engage in peer-to-peer editing during a pandemic.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "collaborative writing" }, { "word": "Google Docs" }, { "word": "remote learning" }, { "word": "pandemic pedagogy" }, { "word": "academic writing feedback" }, { "word": "international students" }, { "word": "ESL" } ], "section": "Theme Section - Leveraging Educational Technology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ws5g0d3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Andrade", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "English Language Institute," }, { "first_name": "Amber", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roshay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/catesoljournal/article/24839/galley/14433/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24253, "title": "Using instruction checks to measure source understanding in analogical transfer of insight solutions", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Analogical transfer between source and target problems ought to be a major contributor to problem-solving and learning. Yet, data from laboratory studies show that successful spontaneous analogical transfer does not reliably occur in the absence of explicit hints to analogize, in the presence of a delay between source and target, or when there are extensive filler tasks, a finding attributed to the complexity of analogy retrieval and mapping. Here, we show that participants solving variants of the Cards problem often failed to show transfer between source and target problems that shared both conceptual and superficial similarities. Frequency of re-inspecting the task instructions was a significant predictor of transfer, with participants successful at T2 requiring fewer re-inspections. The results suggest that analogical transfer may be limited, not just by the difficulty of mapping between source and target, but by a lack of conceptual understanding of the source and its solution, even when the source is solved.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Problem Solving" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cm2x8fq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wendy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ross", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "London Metropolitan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Ormerod", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sussex", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24253/galley/13849/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24253/galley/21708/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24027, "title": "Using mobile fNIRS to explore the development of goal-directed action sequence planning in freely moving preschoolers.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Measuring the neural correlates of cognition in freely moving preschoolers presents several challenges. The current article describes a proof-of-principle study assessing brain activation in preschoolers while performing a naturalistic action planning task in the wild. Ninety-two children between 3 and 5 years of age built both a Duplo house and a Duplo spaceship. Both building tasks involve the completion of multiple subgoals within the overall goal. The results revealed an increase in oxyhaemoglobin activation in right DLPFC when planning for the next subgoal, as well as in a standard go/no-go inhibition task, suggesting that inhibition may play a special role in selecting subgoals at these ages. More generally, we demonstrate that fNIRS data can be recorded from moving preschoolers and that a multi-modal set-up including optical motion capture can allow the reconstruction of events of interest. Implications of the approach, as well as recommendations to improve data quality of wireless fNIRS in freely moving toddlers, are discussed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Action; Cognitive development; Development; fNIRS" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62h6q6dd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lisanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schroer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paola", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pinti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Denis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mareschal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Birkbeck, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24027/galley/13621/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24027/galley/21709/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21319, "title": "Using Psychometrics to Improve Cognitive Models--and Theory", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The field of psychometrics has undergone substantial evolution over the past several decades, both in terms of advances in methodology and improved software and hardware for deploying new methods. Despite these strides, many of these developments have not been integrated into the broader field of psychology, as highlighted by Embretson (2005) and Borsboom (2006). Understanding and incorporating these psychometric advances is crucial to enable cognitive scientists to address growing concerns about validity and reliability, as well as to develop robust theoretical frameworks for understanding cognition.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Skill acquisition and learning; Computational Modeling; Statistics" } ], "section": "Workshops", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4b7364wq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alvin", "middle_name": "Wei Ming", "last_name": "Tan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "George", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kachergis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Frank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21319/galley/10918/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21319/galley/15683/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21319/galley/21764/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24642, "title": "Using psychophysical methods to investigate the role of sound in speed perception", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Electric vehicles (EVs) are quickly replacing internal combustion cars, which will soon become obsolete. Nonetheless, how drivers' perception and cognition deal with certain features of EVs remains largely unknown. In this study we focus on the role of in-car sound, specifically the artificial engine sounds, on drivers' speed perception and control. Previous studies indicate that removing or reducing engine sound leads drivers to underestimate speed and, consequently, to drive faster. Furthermore, evidence suggests that specific sound frequencies could play a role in this process, highlighting the importance of in-car sound features. We consider benefits and limitations of different research paradigms used in the field (mostly video based technique and driving simulation) and we propose an experimental protocol to systematically investigate the phenomenon. Finally, we suggest that the wider use of psychophysical methods on video recordings would benefit the research in the field and overcome some limitations of simulation studies.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Other; Psychology; Perception; Comparative Analysis; Comparative Studies; Psychophysics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vd2d8fq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Valter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Prpic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bologna", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gherri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bologna", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Luisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lugli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bologna", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24642/galley/21710/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24642/galley/14239/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24642/galley/18025/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24642/galley/21710/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24011, "title": "Using Puzzle Video Games to Study Cognitive Processes in Human Insight and Creative Problem-Solving", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Classical approaches to studying insight problem-solving typically use\nspecialized problems (e.g., nine-dot problem, compound-remote\nassociates task) as stimuli together with verbal reports from\nsubjects during problem-solving to reveal their thought processes,\npossibly adding other task-related metrics such as completion rate and\nphysiological measures like eye fixation and neural activity. This\napproach has led to the claims that insight and creative thought\nrequire impasse and mental restructuring. What is missing from this\nliterature is a cognitive process model of insight, and one\nreason for the lack of such a model is the lack of a unified,\nscalable, and tunable experimental framework with which to study human\ncreative problem-solving with higher fidelity. In this paper, we\nintroduce ESCAPE, an experimental paradigm using puzzle video games as\nstimuli which allow for the collection of process data that can serve\nas a basis for computational models. We have specifically developed a\nset of puzzle games based on this paradigm and conducted experiments\nthat demonstrate the utility of the approach by revealing a set of\ncomputational principles that need to be accounted for by a theory of\ncreative problems and the computational models based on it.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Creativity; Problem Solving; Reasoning; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bc4q23t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vasanth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sarathy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rabb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Kasenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Matthias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scheutz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24011/galley/13605/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24011/galley/21711/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 23988, "title": "Using Spatial Context to Facilitate Inductive Inference for Word Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The spatial context of everyday speech to children is remarkably consistent. Words repeatedly occur in the same locations, and these words are learned earlier than those which are more scattered in use. Yet little is known about how spatial contextualization mediates this relationship. Does more constrained spatial context itself lead to better word learning? Or does it simply correlate with other informative cues in the input? Here, we assess how word learning is influenced by different levels of spatial contextualization in naturalistic scenes. We use different teaching methods (other-directed versus self-guided) as a proxy for distinguishing how the need for inductive inference mediates reliance on spatial context. We found that greater spatial contextualization led to better word learning, but only when inductive inference was needed. These findings suggest that learners can leverage spatial context to support word learning in the absence of rich linguistic input.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Language development; Language learning; Spatial cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fh8278k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sophie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Domanski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yi Ting", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/23988/galley/13582/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/23988/galley/21712/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21649, "title": "Using Vector Symbolic Architectures for Distributed Action Representations in a Spiking Model of the Basal Ganglia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Existing models of the basal ganglia assume the existence of separate channels of neuron populations for representing each available action. This type of localist mapping limits models to small, discrete action spaces, since additional actions require additional channels, costing neural resources and imposing new connective tracts. In contrast, evidence suggests that the basal ganglia plays a role in the selection of both discrete action units, and continuously-valued action kinematics. In this work, we model the basal ganglia with distributed action representations, using high-dimensional vectors. This method lends itself to representing both discrete and continuous action spaces. Vectors that represent actions are weighted by a scalar value (their salience to the current task), and bundled together to form a single input vector. This paper provides an overview of the encoding method and network structure, as well as a demonstration of the model solving an action selection task using spiking neurons.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Action; Representation; Computational Modeling; Computational neuroscience" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6067f4sm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Madeleine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bartlett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Furlong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Terrence", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Stewart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeff", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Orchard", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Waterloo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21649/galley/11248/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21649/galley/14557/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21649/galley/22056/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24065, "title": "Validity of Concept Mapping for Assessing Mental Models of System Functioning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Having a correct mental model of a technical system facilitates interaction and problem solving. To assess such mental models of system functioning, appropriate methods are needed. We tested whether concept mapping with a focus on means-ends relations leads to valid assessments of participants' mental models of system functioning. Automotive and utility vehicle apprentices constructed concept maps of two simple, everyday systems (bike, traffic) and one complex, domain-specific system (fuel temperature control). However, only one group of participants had previously covered the complex system in class. Aspects of participants' concept maps regarding content (correct functional propositions) and structure (intersection over union) were assessed and related to respective reference maps. Results indicated that group differences in knowledge about the complex system were represented by concept map content, but not structure. We argue that the applied structural reference might need to be adapted to match typical requirements of the domain and task.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Complex systems; Representation; Knowledge representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/49z1d0g5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schmidt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chair of Vocational Education", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eva Louise", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rix", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chair of Vocational Education", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hesse", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chair of Vocational Education", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abele", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chair of Vocational Education", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Romy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Müller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Technische Universität Dresden, Chair of Engineering Psychology and Applied Cognitive Research", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24065/galley/13659/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24065/galley/21713/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21484, "title": "Value Internalization: Learning and Generalizing from Social Reward", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Social rewards shape human behavior. During development, a caregiver guides a learner's behavior towards culturally aligned goals and values. How do these behaviors persist and generalize when the caregiver is no longer present, and the learner must continue autonomously? Here, we propose a model of value internalization where social feedback trains an internal social reward (ISR) model that generates internal rewards when social rewards are unavailable. Through empirical simulations, we show that an ISR model prevents agents from unlearning socialized behaviors and enables generalization in out-of-distribution tasks. Incomplete internalization, akin to \"reward hacking\" on the ISR, is observed when the model is undertrained. Finally, we show that our model internalizes prosocial behavior in a multi-agent environment. Our work provides a framework for understanding how humans acquire and generalize values and offers insights for aligning AI with human values.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science; Psychology; Machine learning; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Agent-based Modeling; Computational Modeling; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ww7n9hf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Frieda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kleiman-Weiner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Washington", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21484/galley/11083/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21484/galley/21929/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24183, "title": "Variability in communication contexts determines the convexity of semantic category systems emerging in neural networks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Artificial neural networks trained using deep-learning methods to solve a simple reference game by optimizing a task-specific utility develop efficient semantic categorization systems that trade off complexity against informativeness, much like the category systems of human languages do. But what exact type of structures in the semantic space could result in efficient categories, and how are these structures shaped by the contexts of communication? We propose a NN model that moves beyond the minimal dyadic setup and show that the emergence of convexity, a property of semantic systems that facilitates this efficiency, is dependent on the amount of variability in communication contexts across partners. We use a method of input representation based on compositional vector embeddings that is able to achieve a higher level of communication success than regular non-compositional representation methods, and can achieve a better balance between maintaining the structure of the semantic space and optimizing utility.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Concepts and categories; Evolution; Language learning; Agent-based Modeling; Neural Networks" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q82m39c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vlad", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Nedelcu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lassiter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenny", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24183/galley/13779/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24183/galley/21714/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24259, "title": "Variations in explainers' gesture deixis in explanations related to the monitoring of explainees' understanding", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this study on the use of gesture deixis during explanations, a sample of 24 videorecorded dyadic interactions of a board game explanation was analyzed. The relation between the use of gesture deixis by different explainers and their interpretation of explainees' understanding was investigated. In addition, we describe explainers' intra-individual variations related to their interactions with three different explainees consecutively. While we did not find a relation between interpretations of explainees' complete understanding and a decrease in explainers' use of gesture deixis, we demonstrated that the overall use of gesture deixis is related to the process of interactional monitoring and the attendance of a different explainee.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Event cognition; Interactive behavior; Memory; Spatial cognition; Gesture analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dz8n8tf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stefan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lazarov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Paderborn University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grimminger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Paderborn University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24259/galley/13855/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24259/galley/21715/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21640, "title": "Various Misleading Visual Features in Misleading Graphs: Do they truly deceive us?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Following the increasing use of graphs to communicate statistical information in social media and news platforms, the occurrence of poorly designed misleading graphs has also risen. Thus, previous research has identified common misleading visual features of such graphs. Our study extends this research by empirically comparing the deceptive impact of 14 distinct misleading graph types on viewers' understanding of the depicted data. We investigated the deceptive nature of these misleading graph types to identify those with the biggest potential to mislead viewers. Our findings indicate that misleading graphs significantly decreased viewers' accuracy in interpreting data. While certain misleading graphs (e.g., graphs with inverted y-axis or manipulated time intervals) significantly impeded viewers' accurate graph comprehension, other graphs (e.g., graphs using pictorial bars or graphs with compressed y-axis) had little misleading impact. By identifying misleading graphs that strongly affect viewers' understanding about depicted data, we suggest that these misleading graphs should be the focus of educational interventions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Psychology; Instruction and teaching; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kk6b4cn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jihyun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rho", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martina", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Rau", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin - Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shubham", "middle_name": "Kumar", "last_name": "Bharti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rosanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Luu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeremy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McMahan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jerry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21640/galley/11239/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21640/galley/14548/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21640/galley/22057/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21414, "title": "Verbal overshadowing in odor recognition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigates the phenomenon of verbal overshadowing in olfaction. It focuses on how odor recognition is impacted after individuals sniffed and then described odors. Three key findings emerged. First, participants who refrained from describing a previously encountered target odor (control group) showed significantly superior performance in recognizing the target odor compared to those who had described it (verbal group). Second, the verbal overshadowing effect tended to diminish or completely disappear when participants were required to respond rapidly. Third, providing participants with instructions highlighting potential conflicts between olfactory and verbal representations did not alleviate the influence of the verbal overshadowing effect. To conclude, describing an odor elaborately can adversely affect odor memory, even when one is aware of this, but this is mitigated under speeded conditions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language and thought; Memory; Sensory Processing; Comparative Analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46j0b47p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yaxiong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Auckland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Asifa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Majid", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Norbert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vanek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Auckland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21414/galley/11013/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21414/galley/21859/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21658, "title": "Verbs or Nouns? A cross-linguistic study examining the effect of morphological complexity and input on children's early lexical development", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Despite considerable differences in the structures of the world's languages and child-rearing practices, children show remarkable cross-linguistic similarities in their early lexical development, including a preference for nouns. Here, we analyze children's early lexical production in naturalistic longitudinal corpora in a large-scale cross-linguistic comparison of 10 typologically highly diverse languages. \nWe assess morphological complexity as a possible explanatory variable for children's higher noun-to-verb ratios and evaluate whether children's gradual increase in morphological productivity is correlated with their gradual decrease in noun-to-verb ratios towards the level found in their ambient language.\n\nWe show that in languages with complex verb morphology, children exhibit a higher deviation in their noun-to-verb ratio compared to adults. This deviation gradually diminishes as they become more productive in the use of their target language. This effect holds across languages, despite their differences in morphological complexity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Language development; Corpus studies; Cross-cultural analysis; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7254q3jb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Selma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hardegger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jekaterina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mazara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aylin C", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "KuÃàntay", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Birgit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hellwig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Cologne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Barbara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pfeiler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National Autonomous University of Mexico", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sabine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stoll", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21658/galley/11257/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21658/galley/14566/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21658/galley/22058/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24750, "title": "Viewpoint as metacognitive strategy in musical improvisation and multimodal meta-discourse", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We explore how viewpoint phenomena interact with metacognition during dynamic, intertwined processes of thinking, speaking, gesturing, and improvising music. Taking a perspective on experienced or solely imagined situations involves physical and/or conceptual positioning within or outside a spatial, narrative or mental context, whereby speakers typically employ various bodily articulators to signal simultaneous or shifting viewpoints. Tapping into how viewpoint frames thought processes, we propose that shifting viewpoints are a metacognitive strategy to explore contextual possibilities through semiosis, embodied in gestures and other body movements. Changing viewpoints on an unfolding situation, including one's own mental activities, allows for both re-experiencing scenarios and exploring new ideas and perspectives. This theoretical groundwork prepares our empirical research into how metacognition and viewpoint jointly drive musical improvisation. Applying cognitive semantics and Peirce's semiotics, we present preliminary analyses of musicians' improvisation and their multimodal meta-discourses (including motion-capture data), thus exploring cognitive-semiotic processes in musical creativity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Art and Cognition; Embodied Cognition; Representation; Semantics; Situated cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b30w54c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Henrique", "middle_name": "Tavares Dias", "last_name": "Perissinotto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Federal University of Juiz de Fora", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Irene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mittelberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "RWTH Aachen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Queiroz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Institute of Arts, Federal University of Juiz de Fora", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24750/galley/21716/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24750/galley/14348/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24750/galley/18206/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24750/galley/21716/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24360, "title": "Violations of Core Object Principles Change Adults' Behaviors in Maze Games", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A set of fundamental principles governs our reasoning about objects since infancy: solidity, continuity, and contact. Past studies have shown that adults can revise these principles given a small amount of counterevidence. However, how far would they generalize their revised beliefs? In the present experiments, we demonstrate that given a diverse set of counterevidence, adults changed their behaviors in subsequent maze games. These results demonstrate that adults can generalize their revised beliefs about the core object principles to a completely different virtual environment.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6h1889wz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rongzhi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Chicago", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24360/galley/13957/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24360/galley/21717/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24561, "title": "Violations of Moral Standards versus Emotional Reactions: How is Outrage Generated?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Outrage has often been interpreted as a shorthand for ‚Äúmoral outrage,‚Äù anger upon a moral standard being violated (Batson et al., 2007). We ask whether a violation of a moral standard is necessary for producing outrage or whether other variables can also produce it. By presenting participants with a series of potentially outrage-inducing scenarios and measuring their emotional responses, we seek to identify the predictors of outrage. We find that anger and disgust are the strongest predictors of level of outrage compared to sense of threat, level of surprise, level of uncomfortableness, severity of the moral violation, and how much one values the moral being violated. Mediation analyses suggest that moral violations do not mediate the effects of anger and disgust on outrage. However, anger and disgust do mediate the effect of moral violations on outrage. Our findings suggest that moral violations elicit anger and disgust, which in turn produce feelings of outrage.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Behavioral Science; Emotion; Mood; Statistics; Survey" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66b8s1rg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Amelia", "middle_name": "Day", "last_name": "Jessop", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hyoseok", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southern Connecticut State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sloman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brown University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24561/galley/21718/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24561/galley/14158/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24561/galley/21718/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24599, "title": "Virtually anything can happen: investigating short-term memory in capuchin monkeys using virtual environments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Computerised technology is an increasingly popular tool for cognitive testing with non-human animals and has numerous benefits, such as tighter control over stimuli presentation and recording responses. Recently, virtual environment (VE) software has been successfully implemented in cognitive research with non-human primates. In VEs, novel stimuli can be presented in innovative ways allowing us to study phenomena in novel ways unrestricted by real-world space. We present evidence from capuchin monkeys (Sapajus apella) in a delayed-response task within a VE presented on a touchscreen. We compared capuchins' short-term memory performance between a VE task and an equivalent physical task. Preliminary data shows an effect of delay on accuracy in the VE, as in the physical task. We show that VE are a feasible method for studying cognition with capuchin monkeys, offering an engaging way to study primate cognition in without the physical constraints that are often present when designing apparatuses.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Animal cognition; Evolution; Memory; Computer-based experiment; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/40s43396", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andreea", "middle_name": "Miruna", "last_name": "Miscov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of St Andrews", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McEwen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of St Andrews", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Amanda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Seed", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of St Andrews", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24599/galley/17761/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24349, "title": "Virtue ethics in autonomous agents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The paper presents a model and a discussion of the computational representation of virtue ethics in autonomous devices. One of the key problems in formal modeling of virtue ethics is the computational representation of the concept of virtue. In our model, the virtue is represented by a set of minimal extents to which a set of values, relevant to the virtue, should be satisfied. A device will be moral if any decision made satisfies all relevant values above the declared thresholds.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Philosophy; Decision making; Empathy; Other; Reasoning; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79k1r487", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tomasz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zurek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Amsterdam", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dorota", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stachura-Zurek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Independent researcher", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24349/galley/13946/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24349/galley/21720/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24787, "title": "Visual accentuation constrains the structure of perceptual organization", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Perceptual organization contains two interrelated sets of phenomena: visual grouping and figure-ground segmentation. Different types of grouping and segmenting (and interaction and competition between them) have been described. Less clear is what happens once an accent is added in grouping or segmenting. According to several eye tracking experiments (n=35), apart from pop-out effect of particular elements, the overall structure of the visual field is changed. If compared to the non-accentuated stimuli, adding single accent to both grouping and segmentation stimuli induces not only local changes in saccadic processes but also a more global difference in gaze alignment. Most importantly, accent assigns a directional effect to the visual structure, typically decreases the average fixation time (by 11-28% depending on stimuli) and changes location of fixations and decreases their variation (if compared to non-accentuated stimuli). However, no significant differences between the number of fixations in non-accentuated and accentuated stimuli can be observed.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Perception; Vision; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zg6w2ff", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jurgis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Skilters", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Liga", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zarina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Baingio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pinna", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Sassari", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Megija", "middle_name": "Lelde", "last_name": "Gintere", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Santa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bartu≈°ƒìvica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Solvita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Umbrasko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ardis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "PlatkƒÅjis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Riga Stradins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laura", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zeƒºƒ£e", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Latvia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "JƒÅnis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mednieks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Riga Stradins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aleksejs", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "≈†evƒçenko", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Riga Stradins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nauris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zdanovskis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Riga Stradins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Agnese Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pastare", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Riga Stradins University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Art≈´rs", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "≈†ilovs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Riga Stradins University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24787/galley/21721/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24787/galley/14385/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24787/galley/18242/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24787/galley/21721/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24600, "title": "Visual alignment promotes rapid learning of functional relations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Learning a function from input-output pairs often follows exemplar or rule learning. Speed of exemplar learning and generality of rule learning were suggested to be promoted by visually aligning familiar and unfamiliar input-output exemplars. To test this, undergraduates (n=47) were randomly assigned to Full-, Partial- and No-Alignment groups. On each trial, students estimated fractions on number lines, and functions used to generate estimates were examined on 9 trial blocks. On pretest, estimates were (incorrectly) a linear function of denominators alone (Full 50%; Partial 50%; No 40%); on post-test, estimates were (correctly) a linear function of the whole fraction (88%; 44%; 47%). Virtually all change in the Full group occurred after training just two exemplars (75%). Also, regression to the denominator-only function differed across groups (0%; 38%; 33%). Finally, Full-Alignment group generalized to untrained problems more broadly than other groups. Findings demonstrated efficiency of visual alignment in function learning.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Concepts and categories; Learning; Representation; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8144c0vz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yujia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Opfer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24600/galley/17763/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24773, "title": "Visual behavior during spatial exploration explains individual differences in performance of spatial navigation tasks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Spatial orientation and spatial navigation are important abilities. However, large individual differences are common in these spatial abilities, yet satisfying explanations about the origin of such differences are lacking. \n\nIn this work, we measured the eye-tracking data of 26 participants who freely explored a large city (244 buildings) in an immersive virtual reality for 150 min. After the exploration, participants performed a pointing-to-building task in the same city. For the analysis, we transform the eye-tracking data into gaze-graphs and calculate graph-theoretical measures. We then model participants' mean task performance with a linear model using global gaze-graph measures (R¬≤=0.41). Moreover, a linear model with graph diameter only results in an R¬≤ of 0.4; thus, graph diameter can explain 40% of the variance in the mean task performance of participants. \n\nOverall, our results show visual behavior, specifically gaze-graph diameter, to be a strong predictor of individual differences in spatial navigation performance.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Spatial cognition; Vision; Computational Modeling; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1mf0m1kz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jasmin L.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Osnabrück", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vincent", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schmidt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Osnabrück", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sabine U.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "König", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Osnabrück", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "König", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Osnabrück", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24773/galley/21723/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24773/galley/14371/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24773/galley/18228/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24773/galley/21723/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24391, "title": "Visual engagement is not synonymous with learning in young children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Creators and consumers of popular media for kids tend to equate children's sustained attention with learning (Gahan, 2022; Segal, 2022). Here, we demonstrate that greater sustained visual attention does not necessarily translate to better learning‚Äîand in fact may predict learning deficits in some cases. We present the results of an empirical eye tracking study in which we demonstrate that attentionally captivating material can lead to worse learning with greater attentional capture, likely due to either distraction or overstimulation. Children who engaged most during a word-learning task learned the fewest word-object associations when they were presented on a colorful, moving background. These results support theories that suggest attentional capture due to perceptual attractors (e.g., things that are ‚Äùbright, shiny‚Äù) can disrupt learning. This work underscores the importance of the quality of screen-based media when considering the potential harms of children's screen time", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wz74769", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "Stolp", "last_name": "Shepherd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Celeste", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kidd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24391/galley/13988/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24391/galley/21724/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21387, "title": "Visual perception supports 4-place event representations: A case study of TRADING", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Events of social exchange, such as givings and tradings, are uniquely prevalent in human societies and cognitively privileged even at early stages of development. Such events may be represented as having 3 or even 4 participants. To do so in visual working memory would be at the limit of the system, which throughout development can track only 3 to 4 items. Using a case study of trading, we ask (i) whether adults can track all four participants in a trading scene, and (ii) whether they do so by chunking the scene into two giving events, each with 3 participants, to avoid placing the visual working memory system at its limit. We find that adults represent this scene under a 4-participant concept, and do not view the trade as two sequential giving events. We discuss further implications for event perception and verb learning in development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition; Memory; Perception; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gf225m1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ekaterina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Khlystova", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Williams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lidz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Laurel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Los Angeles", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21387/galley/10986/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21387/galley/21832/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24017, "title": "Visual saliency predicts gaze during real-world driving task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Models of bottom-up visual attention such as the \"saliency map\" predict overt gaze under laboratory conditions while subjects view static images or videos while seated. Here, we show that the saliency map model predicts gaze at similar rates even when applied to video from a head-camera as part of a wearable eye-tracking system (Tobii Pro Glasses 2) while subjects drive an automobile or are passively driven while sitting in the front passenger-side seat. The ability of saliency to predict gaze varies depending on the driving task (saliency better predicts passenger gaze) and external conditions (saliency better predicts gaze at night). We further demonstrate that predictive performance is improved when the head-camera video is transformed to retinal coordinates before feeding it to the saliency model.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Attention; Embodied Cognition; Sensory Processing; Vision; Eye tracking" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54s0j26d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Veale", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kenji", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Murase", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mazda Motor Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Masayuki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Watanabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mazda Motor Corporation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tadashi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Isa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kyoto University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24017/galley/13611/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24017/galley/21725/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24453, "title": "Visual selective attention: Priority is all you need", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We present a novel theory and neural process model of visual selective attention to answer long-standing questions in the field of visual attention. We show that the model with fixed parameter values can explain the unexpected efficiency of triple conjunction search (Nordfang & Wolfe, 2014), the influence of a task-irrelevant size singleton on search (Proulx, 2007), and how a third correlated but task-irrelevant feature improves search efficiency (Found, 1998). It also accounts for critical findings in the attention capture literature without the need to introduce different modes (Bacon & Egeth, 1994), signal-suppression (Gaspelin, Leonard, & Luck, 2015; Gaspelin & Luck, 2018; Lien, Ruthruff, & Hauck, 2021) or an attentional window (Theeuwes, 1992, 2023), shedding new light on recent debates.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Attention; Dynamical Systems; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1j3716kt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Raul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grieben", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-Universität Bochum", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spencer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of East Anglia", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gregor", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schöner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ruhr-Universität Bochum", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24453/galley/14050/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24453/galley/21726/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24075, "title": "Visual Similarity Modeling of Chinese Characters Across Natives, Second Language Learners, and Novices", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This study investigated how well similarity models of Chinese characters developed in previous research could be used to model human judgments across different levels of proficiency in Chinese. The behavioral data collected from the three groups of participants confirmed the superiority of and preference for configurations over components in experts' perceptions. In contrast, Chinese learners' and novices' criteria for similarity judgments were less clear, as indicated by the low proportion of variance that could be accounted for by extended tree analysis of their group judgments. We discuss computational challenges in modeling human perception and judgments about Chinese characters and propose future directions for research, including the potential use of statistical and machine learning techniques with larger datasets for improved model development.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Language learning; Perception; Vision; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8848556p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zhuqian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Teachers College, Columbia University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James E.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Corter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Columbia University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24075/galley/13669/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24075/galley/21727/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21630, "title": "Visual Voyage of Stock Market Strategies: Eye-tracking Insights into Investor Choices", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Investors rely on judgmental heuristics and comparative analysis for future stock price prediction based on specific components of information in hand. Information components are used as anchors for price estimation. Through an eye-tracking experiment, we aim to understand the perceived significance of various formats of information, particularly focusing on graphical and numerical components, and to explore the influence of complex time-varying patterns in stock price line plots. Results show that graphical components capture higher visual attention. Participants are not always loss-averse and prominently exhibit disposition effects for investment decisions in profitable scenarios. The 52-week high is allotted the highest fixation duration, signifying its perception as a strong reference point. Investment choices were found to be varying based on levels of prior knowledge and experience. The visual gaze analysis provides behavioural insights into complex decision-making processes.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Other; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Decision making; Eye tracking; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7sc26039", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tanvi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Narsapur", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kavita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vemuri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Institute of Information Technology - Hyderabad", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21630/galley/11229/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21630/galley/14538/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21630/galley/22059/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24646, "title": "Visual working memory, attentional sustainability and shifting in digital versus non-digital environment: the role of perceptual feedback", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The digital environment has a significant impact on our everyday lives, but there is a lack of studies on how it affects cognitive processes like attention and working memory (WM). This study aims to compare attention and WM in digital and non-digital environments. In Experiment 1, we compared attention and working memory under paper and computer-based environment tasks. The findings showed that under non-digital condition attentional sustainability and visual working memory were better. In Experiment 2, we examined attentional shifting and sustainability at different levels of digital saturation (the presence of perceptual feedback on a website). Attentional sustainability was better in a saturated condition, but attentional shifting was not affected. Thus, the real environment is suggested to be superior due to lower saturation and higher motor-visual coherence. Digital saturation, along with the ACD idea, can guide attention. These results have applications for enhancing the user experience with interfaces.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Attention; Distributed cognition; Human-computer interaction; Memory; UX" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bq779pc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anastasia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anufrieva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "HSE University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24646/galley/21728/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24646/galley/14244/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24646/galley/18032/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24646/galley/21728/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24822, "title": "Voice markers of neuropsychiatric disorders: assessing the generalizability performance of machine learning models", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This research explores the potential of machine learning (ML) in identifying vocal markers for schizophrenia. While previous research showed that voice-based ML models can accurately predict schizophrenia diagnosis and symptoms, it is unclear to what extent such ML markers generalize to different clinical subpopulations and languages: the assessment of generalization performance is however crucial for testing their clinical applicability.\nWe systematically examined voice-based ML model performance on a large cross-linguistic dataset (3 languages: Danish, German, Chinese). Employing a rigorous pipeline to minimize overfitting, including cross-validated training sets and multilingual models, we assessed generalization on participants with schizophrenia and controls speaking the same or different languages. Model performance was comparable to state-of-the art findings (F1-score ~ 0.75) within the same language; however, models did not generalize well - showing a substantial decrease - when tested on new languages, and the performance of multilingual models was also generally low (F1-score ~ 0.50).", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Machine learning; Natural Language Processing; Speech recognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/19c9b42w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alberto", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parola", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Copenhagen University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Astrid", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rybner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emil Trenckner", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jessen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stine Nyhus", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Larsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Marie Damsgaard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mortensen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Arndis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Simonsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Chinese Academy of Sciences", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koelkebeck", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Hospital and Institute of the University of Duisburg-Essen", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vibeke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bliksted", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Riccardo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fusaroli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Aarhus University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24822/galley/21729/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24822/galley/14420/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24822/galley/21729/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21419, "title": "VSA4VQA: Scaling A Vector Symbolic Architecture To Visual Question Answering on Natural Images", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "While Vector Symbolic Architectures (VSAs) are promising for modelling spatial cognition, their application is currently limited to artificially generated images and simple spatial queries. We propose VSA4VQA ‚Äì a novel 4D implementation of VSAs that implements a mental representation of natural images for the challenging task of Visual Question Answering (VQA). VSA4VQA is the first model to scale a VSA to complex spatial queries. Our method is based on the Semantic Pointer Architecture (SPA) to encode objects in a hyperdimensional vector space. To encode natural images, we extend the SPA to include dimensions for object's width and height in addition to their spatial location. To perform spatial queries we further introduce learned spatial query masks and integrate a pre-trained vision-language model for answering attribute-related questions. We evaluate our method on the GQA benchmark dataset and show that it can effectively encode natural images, achieving competitive performance to state-of-the-art deep learning methods for zero-shot VQA.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Perception; Reasoning; Representation; Spatial cognition; Computational Modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/26j7v1nf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Penzkofer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stuttgart", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stuttgart", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andreas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bulling", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Stuttgart", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21419/galley/11018/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21419/galley/21864/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24239, "title": "Was That My Cue? Reactivity to Category-Level Judgments of Learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Making a judgment of learning (JOL) during study can improve later test performance, a phenomenon called JOL reactivity. In paired-associates learning, JOLs improve memory for strongly (not weakly) related word pairs. JOLs appear to strengthen cue-target associations, enhancing future performance on tests sensitive to those associations. We investigated whether JOL reactivity would emerge in feedback-based category learning, wherein participants learn novel stimulus-response associations. We investigated whether this effect would be present for novel test items and if it would depend upon stimulus-category relatedness. Participants completed a category learning task; some performed JOLs throughout learning. At test, participants categorized novel and previously studied stimuli of varying degrees of stimulus-category relatedness. We found JOL reactivity for both novel and previously studied stimuli, and no effect of relatedness. Our experiment provides preliminary evidence that JOL reactivity can be produced in feedback-based category learning. COVIS theory provides an excellent framework for future investigations.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Concepts and categories; Learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nr5974b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anthony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cruz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Western Ontario", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Minda", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Western Ontario", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24239/galley/13835/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24239/galley/21730/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24935, "title": "Weaving the Fabric of Mathematics: Grounding Mathematical Knowledge in Fibre Technologies", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Attempts to recover and reconstruct the origins of mathematics have traditionally focused on identifying evidence of early notational systems of quantification. We aim to show in this paper that archaeological material culture can offer an alternate, more tangible source of information about mathematical knowledge in the deep past, especially when it is paired with ethnographic and cross-cultural data. In addition, when linked to the cognitive science of mathematics, it can support inferences about how humans first began to grasp, learn, and apply mathematical ideas. We focus on fibre technologies and weaving crafts as prime examples of activities that contain and afford mathematical knowledge, in response to Lakoff & Núñez's call to explore the common practices that underlie mathematical ideas and to rethink mathematics as grounded in human experience.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bn8j4rc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Larissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mendoza Straffon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Bergen", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24935/galley/21731/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24935/galley/14502/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24935/galley/21731/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24048, "title": "Weighted parameters in demonstrative use: The case of Spanish teens and adults", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "All languages have demonstratives‚Äîgrammatical words like ‚Äòthis' and ‚Äòthat' in English, which are a universal tool to establish joint attention on a referent. Demonstratives are acquired early, but their mature use has a protracted development, with recent studies showing that 10- and 11-year-old children do not yet use demonstratives like adults do. Here we investigated demonstrative use by teenagers (ages 12-17) and adults with a focus on two social parameters affecting demonstrative choice in Spanish: Listener Position and Listener Attention. The results of two experiments using an online demonstrative-choice task revealed that teenagers use Spanish demonstratives comparably to adults in most conditions. However, teenagers seem to still be adjusting the relative weight of the social parameters affecting demonstrative choice in Spanish, supporting the view that acquiring and regularly using demonstratives trains social cognition through communicative interaction.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language development; Pragmatics; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hq8s34z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Camilo", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Ronderos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oslo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yayun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paula", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rubio-Fernàndez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24048/galley/13642/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24048/galley/21732/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24245, "title": "What are you looking at? Beyond typing speed and formal training for assessing typing expertise", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper we introduce a novel way of quantifying typing expertise according to the ability to type without visual guidance from the keyboard (i.e., in a blind typing task). We present results of two experiments showing that performance in blind typing allows dissociating two profiles of typists, touch and non-touch typists. In Experiment 1, analyzing more than 100 typists, we show that performance in blind typing correlates with faster typing speed of lexical and non-lexical material, but not with low-level motoric skills. In Experiment 2, we show that touch and non-touch typists present differences in both written and spoken language production, but not language perception. Our results demonstrate that the characterization of ‚Äúeveryday touch typists‚Äù not only discriminates typing skills but may also capture distinct cognitive abilities. Spanning the fields of sensorimotor and linguistic processing, this study stresses the importance of considering language processing to understand typing skills.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Language Production; Skill acquisition and learning" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fv0t3nq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Svetlana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pinet", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BCBL", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24245/galley/13841/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24245/galley/21733/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21623, "title": "What binds non-contiguous events together?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Traditional event cognition research typically characterises events as continuous, each bounded by a single beginning and a single ending. Daily events, however, often seem to involve discontinuities. For instance, if one is in a meeting that is temporarily interrupted by a phone call, one retains two events‚Äîthe meeting and the phone call‚Äîrather than three, which include the meeting before the phone call, the phone call itself, and the meeting subsequent to the call. This study explores what binds events together across these discontinuities in everyday life. We examined five potential binding factors: place, people, topic, activity, and goal. Fifty-one participants provided data on recent non-contiguous daily life events, revealing that 97% of these events were tied by the 'Activity' aspect, followed by the 'Place' aspect (82%) and 'Goal' aspect (56%). 'People' (48%) and 'Topic' aspects (24%) were less significant in unifying non-contiguous events. The proportion of each event aspect in non-contiguous events suggests a need to expand theories of event cognition to focus on what brings events together rather than solely on what separates them‚Äîa perspective often overlooked in cognitive event theories.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition; Social cognition; Qualitative Analysis; Statistics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xk8910x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Viviana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sastre Gomez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Defina", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "Michael", "last_name": "Garrett", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Zacks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University in Saint Louis", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dennis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21623/galley/11222/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21623/galley/14531/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21623/galley/22060/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21679, "title": "What can L1 speakers tell us about killing hope? A Novel Behavioral Measure for Identifying Collocations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Collocations, semi-productive lexical combinations with one\nfigurative and one literal word, are said to be a ‚Äúpain in the\nneck‚Äù for researchers and L2 learners. The present study aims:\n(i) to conceptually replicate the processing costs incurred by\nL1 speakers when processing collocations using a larger and\nmore diverse set of items, (ii) to use literalness judgements\nto test whether L1 speakers are aware of the semi-transparent\nmeaning of a collocation, and (iii) to test whether the presence of processing costs associated with collocations can be predicted from literalness judgements. If so, we propose that literalness judgements could be used as a diagnostic for reli-\nably identifying collocations. We replicate the L1 processing\ncosts with a larger stimulus set and demonstrate that speakers\nare aware of the semi-transparent meaning of the collocation.\nWe further show that L1 speaker judgements about the literal-\nness of a word combination can be used to predict its status as a collocation.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Psychology; Language understanding; Semantics; Syntax" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g45n971", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sydelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "de Souza", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Francis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mollica", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Culbertson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21679/galley/11278/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21679/galley/22072/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24727, "title": "What can language tell us about anxiety: A novel emotion Stroop task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A plethora of research has identified that undergraduate students experience higher levels of general anxiety disorder (GAD) with questionnaires primarily being used diagnose students. However, the potential for linguistic analysis and the emotional Stroop test as measurements of GAD remains unexplored, especially if both were to be used together. The present study aimed to produce a novel measure of GAD using both linguistic measures and the emotional Stroop task. This research study employed a quantitative approach and an experimental research design. A volunteer sample of 17 undergraduate students completed an online questionnaire, a written task, and an emotional Stroop task distributed via social media and the University of Birmingham Research Participation Scheme. This study produced a novel questionnaire for GAD and was utilised as a baseline measure. This study used two independent T-tests to measure the overall sentiment of written responses of participants and the frequency of first-person singular pronouns in written response. Additionally, two independent T-tests were used to measure reaction times and accuracy on the emotional Stroop Task. The findings highlighted no statistical differences between higher and lower levels of GAD and linguistic responses and reaction times and accuracy on the emotional Stroop test, suggesting that the measures utilised in the present study may not be able to predict GAD. As such, the findings of this study underscore the complexity of GAD and extend our understanding of GAD measurements. By illuminating the emotional, behavioural and cognitive factors of GAD, this study advocates for more awareness in university settings and proactive support for undergraduate students.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Emotion; Emotion Disorder; Emotion Perception; Language and thought" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0w5597zn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hussain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Birmingham", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yaling", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsiao", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Birmingham", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24727/galley/21734/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24727/galley/14325/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24727/galley/18183/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24727/galley/21734/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21652, "title": "What do we mean when we say gestures are more expressive than vocalizations? An experimental and simulation study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "of human language. We focus on the debate between gesture-first and vocalization-first theories. While some evidence supports the idea that gestures played a primary role in early communication, others argue that vocalizations are equally expressive. We think that methodological differences and biases in the choice of concepts may contribute to the challenge of comparing these modalities directly. For example, to what extent does selecting a certain concept from a semantic category matter to reproduce an effect? This and similar questions are explored in a data-driven way. First, we provide ratings on imagined expressibility of 207 concepts from an online experiment showing that people tend to rate gesture modality as better in expressing meaning compared to vocal modality. Second, we use the Bayesian posterior predictive distribution of these ratings to simulate new experiments where we vary the number of participants, number of concepts, and semantic categories to investigate how robust is the difference between gesture and vocal modality. Our results show that gesture modality is reliably different (i.e., affords higher expressibility) than vocal modality. However, the difference between the two is limited in terms of effect size (medium sizes by common standards) so one may question whether this difference is meaningful for bigger claims about early language evolution. This study further provides valuable information for further research on how to select stimuli and how to set up one's design in a balanced way.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Concepts and categories; Evolution; Bayesian modeling; Computational Modeling; Computer-based experiment; Statistics; Survey" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mp1v3v5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "≈†àrka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kadavà", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leibniz Center General Linguistics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aleksandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cwiek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leibniz-Centre General Linguistics", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Susanne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fuchs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Leibniz-Zentrum Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pouw", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21652/galley/11251/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21652/galley/14560/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21652/galley/22061/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24447, "title": "What drives word order preferences?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "What drives word order in transitive sentences? Is the oft-noted universal preference for agents to be in the first free argument position a key factor in shaping word order, or is this agent-first principle a mere epiphenomenon of one or more other preferences that are all to some extent correlated with agentivity, in particular the tendency for human referents to precede nonhuman referents, pronouns to precede full noun phrases, shorter arguments to precede longer arguments and given discourse referents to precede new discourse referents? Corpus evidence from 81 languages confirms the universality of these word order principles across a large and diverse set of languages. Using random forest classification models trained to predict the relative position of an argument, we show that these principles do not equally shape word order preferences and that agentivity indeed outcompetes the other principles, suggesting that it is the primary factor driving word order preferences.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Event cognition; Language Production; Corpus studies; Cross-linguistic analysis" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6z4703j8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Guido", "middle_name": "Marvel", "last_name": "Linders", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stefan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schnell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Balthasar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bickel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Zurich", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24447/galley/14044/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24447/galley/21735/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21352, "title": "What If Pascale Had Gone to Another School: The Effect of Counterfactual Alternatives on 5-6-year-olds' Moral and Happiness Judgments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Counterfactual reasoning is at the centre of human daily life and plays a key role in shaping our moral and social judgments. Its effect on moral judgment in adulthood, such as justifying immoral behavior (e.g., ‚ÄúIf you had not left your phone on the table, it would not have been stolen.‚Äù), has been studied for years. However, we still know very little about when counterfactual reasoning starts to affect humans' moral judgments. To test this, we examined the effect of better and worse counterfactual alternatives on 5-6-year-olds' (N = 91) moral and happiness judgments. We found that children judged social exclusion (e.g., a new kid has to play alone while other children play together) as less morally acceptable after imagining how it could have been better (e.g., the new kid and other children at the school could have played all together), but, contrary to past work with adults, they did not justify it after imagining how it could have been even worse (e.g., the other children could have broken the new kid's toy). However, children's happiness judgments showed the opposite effect: they reported feeling happier about reality after imagining a worse counterfactual alternative compared to children who only thought about what actually happened.\n\nKeywords: counterfactuals; moral judgment; children; happiness judgment", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Cognitive development; Emotion; Reasoning; Representation" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hc8f6j0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Zeynep", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Genç", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kent", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nyhout", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kent", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21352/galley/10951/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21352/galley/21797/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24602, "title": "What makes a novel spatial metaphor of time?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Metaphor comprehension studies have investigated how we process metaphors by pitting conventional metaphors against novel ones. Although these studies have yielded much data on how we comprehend metaphors, no research has examined how we process novel spatial metaphors of time.\nWe constructed a stimuli pool of 80 spatial metaphors of time, 40 were conventional time metaphors, whereas the other 40 were novel spatial metaphors of time evenly distributed among Moving-Ego or Moving-Time perspectives and Path or Manner metaphorical motion in the main verb. Ratings by 40 participants showed that the novel metaphors had more possible interpretations, were more ambiguous, difficult to interpret, less apt, and less conventional. A pilot study with 10 participants showed that these properties of metaphors were linked to metaphor interpretation and temporal gesture production in various ways. This study will continue to investigate how we process and represent novel spatial metaphors of time with more participants.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Behavioral Science; Cognition of Time; Embodied Cognition; Language and thought; Spatial cognition; Gesture analysis; Statistics" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tr489dw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emir", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Akbuga", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tilbe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Göksun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Koç University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24602/galley/17766/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24489, "title": "What MEG can tell us about predictive processing during language comprehension", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "To facilitate language comprehension, the brain uses contextual information and prior knowledge to predict future content. Recent breakthroughs allow us to study pre-word onset prediction during naturalistic narrative listening by mapping contextual word embeddings from Large Language Models onto ECoG data. Long-range prediction encoding has been observed in fMRI data, where including multiple upcoming word embeddings enhances the model's fit to brain data. This study examines if similar predictive information is detectable in MEG data, which offers higher temporal resolution than fMRI but lower signal-to-noise ratio than ECoG. We found that pre-onset predictive signatures are present in MEG, even in data of limited length (1 hour) and in single participants. Unlike in fMRI, adding future embeddings does not improve encoding. These findings offer a novel avenue for studying predictive processing using MEG signals and call for further investigation to explain the differences observed between fMRI and MEG approaches.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Neuroscience; Language understanding; Natural Language Processing; Large Language Models; MEG" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32w9j8fc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sahel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Azizpour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Donders institute for brain, cognition and behaviour", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Britta", "middle_name": "U.", "last_name": "Westner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Donders institute for brain, cognition and behaviour", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Umut", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guclu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Donders institute for brain, cognition and behaviour", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Linda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Geerligs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Donders institute for brain, cognition and behaviour", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24489/galley/14086/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24489/galley/21737/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21548, "title": "What Predicts Adult Word Learning in Naturalistic Interactions? A Corpus Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Alongside the linguistic input, young children leverage multimodal cues (e.g., prosody, gestures) to learn novel words in face-to-face interactions. It is unclear whether multimodal cues play a similar role in adults. Here, we used ECOLANG, a corpus of semi-naturalistic dyadic conversations where English-speaking adults incidentally learned about unknown objects and their names by interacting with a partner who knew those objects. We examined whether multimodal cues (prosodic, indexical, and iconic) predicted learners' ability to learn the objects' names, above and beyond individual differences and linguistic predictors. We found that the number of repetitions of the label predicted word learning. Additionally, learners with lower working memory abilities benefited from speakers producing representational gestures while labelling the unknown objects. We discuss implications for theories of word learning and approaches of situated cognition.", "language": null, "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Embodied Cognition; Language learning; Situated cognition; Corpus studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bc403rx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Francesco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cabiddu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Edwards", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Harriet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hill-Payne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Donnellan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Essex", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gabriella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vigliocco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University College London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21548/galley/11147/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21548/galley/14624/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21548/galley/21738/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24069, "title": "What processing instructions do connectives provide? Modeling the facilitative effect of the connective", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Connectives like ‚Äòbecause' are referred to as ‚Äòprocessing instructions' as they facilitate processing of linguistic material directly following the connective. In an expectation-driven account of discourse processing, this can be attributed to predictions that readers make about the upcoming discourse relation, but also to predictions about upcoming discourse content. By modeling these two accounts, termed the relation prediction account and the content prediction account respectively, we show that they make different predictions about when the presence of a connective is most beneficial. In a self-paced reading study, we replicate the facilitative effect of the connective on processing, but do not find any evidence that this effect can be explained by a strong or weak version of either of the two accounts. This suggests that the role of the connective goes above and beyond informing the reader about the upcoming relation and content and possibly triggers a different processing strategy.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Discourse; Predictive Processing; Computer-based experiment; Mathematical modeling" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sc1k7pf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marchal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Merel", "middle_name": "Cleo Johanna", "last_name": "Scholman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utrecht University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ted", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanders", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utrecht University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24069/galley/13663/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24069/galley/21739/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21326, "title": "What Should I Do Now? Goal-Centric Outlooks on Learning, Exploration, and Communication", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Goals are a central pillar of everyday mental activity. From finding your way home to solving a puzzle and ordering food delivery, much of human action and cognition is goal-directed. Perhaps unsurprisingly, theories of goals are a central focus in the psychology of motivation (Elliott & Dweck, 1988), in social and personality psychology (Fishbach & Ferguson, 2007), as well as research aimed at understanding factors contributing to task achievement in educational and industrial settings (Ames & Ames, 1984; Locke & Latham, 2002). In this symposium, we highlight recent work emphasizing a goal-centric outlook on learning, exploration, and communication.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Artificial Intelligence; Cognitive Neuroscience; Linguistics; Psychology; Action; Behavioral Science; Cognitive development; Decision making; Intelligent agents; Language understanding; Learning; Natu" } ], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jp371jr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cédric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Colas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Junyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gaia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Molinaro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hawkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21326/galley/10925/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21326/galley/21771/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21343, "title": "When and why does shared reality generalize?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Inspired by inductive reasoning models, we test whether generalized shared reality (i.e., the sense of being on the same page) arises through probabilistic inference about latent commonalities. Using a naturalistic text-based chat paradigm, we manipulated whether conversation partners discussed a belief they shared, a belief on which their opinions differed, or a random prompt. Participants discussing shared opinions reported experiencing greater shared reality compared to those discussing differences or random topics. Moreover, participants who made broader inferences about additional beliefs they might share with their partners also reported greater shared reality. While discussing shared opinions can induce an overall greater sense of shared reality, participants discussing differences leveraged their conversation to establish shared realities about other topics. We demonstrate that shared reality can emerge in multiple ways during initial interactions, establishing a foundation for future mechanistic investigations within an inductive inference framework.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Interactive behavior; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Oral Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6t6195s5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Wasita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mahaphanit", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Welker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Helen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schmidt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Temple University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Luke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Dartmouth College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hawkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21343/galley/10942/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21343/galley/21788/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24332, "title": "When does suggestive language shape memory for car accidents? Assessing the role of elaboration and pragmatics in a classic framing effect", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Does linguistic framing shape memory for consequential events? An influential study by Loftus and Palmer (1974) found that people estimated higher speeds when asked how fast the vehicles involved in an accident were going when they smashed (vs. hit) each other. This finding has proven difficult to replicate, however. Based on a key difference between the original study and previous replications, as well as recent work on linguistic framing, we hypothesized that verbal elaboration and pragmatic inference might moderate this classic effect. In two experiments (N = 1204), participants viewed a brief car accident video. They either wrote a verbal description of the event or did not before answering the verb-framed speed question. Participants who wrote longer descriptions and inferred a greater difference in intensity between the two verb frames were less likely to show the expected framing effect. These findings advance our understanding of how suggestive language influences recollections.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Event cognition; Language and thought; Memory; Pragmatics" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wk430xs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Holmes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Reed College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kassin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Reed College", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flusberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vassar College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24332/galley/13929/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24332/galley/21740/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24030, "title": "Which Leads to More Effective Learning in Intelligent Tutoring Software: Effort-based or Performance-based Feedback?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Feedback, when used successfully, supports student learning and motivation. Although various types of feedback are used in the actual classroom, however, most interactive learning systems provide feedback that addresses learner performance only (e.g., correctness feedback). We developed two versions of an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) for learning ratio calculations using mathematics number lines that differed in the type of feedback it provides: effort-based and performance-based feedback. We conducted a school-based experiment with 5th graders in Japan to test the effectiveness of the two types of feedback on student learning and motivation. The results indicate a trend that performance-based feedback in the ITS had a positive impact on student learning but no difference was found on learner motivation. This study adds new knowledge of what types of adaptive feedback are effective for student learning in mathematics.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Education; Instruction and teaching; Learning; Tutoring; Classroom studies" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tg954qb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Shintaro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sato", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Platz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tomohiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nagashima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Saarland University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24030/galley/13624/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24030/galley/21741/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24001, "title": "Which pairs coordinate and which do not?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans can coordinate their behavior with others through interactions; however, not all pairs can coordinate. From the perspective of predictive processing, different social interaction patterns can be explained by the diversity of individuals' belief strength. To investigate the relationship between coordination and belief strength, we conducted an interaction experiment using a Simon electronic light-sequence game in which participants memorize the order of color sequences. The results of our experiment, involving 23 pairs of participants, revealed diversity in the degree of coordination within pairs and the strength of belief between individuals. Our analysis supports the hypothesis that belief strength explains the success or failure of coordination: Coordination fails when both individuals in a pair have weak beliefs, whereas it succeeds when one person becomes the leader and the other becomes the follower because of the different strengths of their beliefs. Our findings suggest that predictive processing theory can be applied to situations involving social interactions.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Cognitive Neuroscience; Psychology; Behavioral Science; Interactive behavior; Learning; Predictive Processing; Social cognition; Computer-based experiment" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mp4t367", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Seiya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nakata", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yukie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nagai", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tokyo", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24001/galley/13595/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24001/galley/21742/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21586, "title": "Whodunnit? Inferring what happened from multimodal evidence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Humans are remarkably adept at inferring the causes of events in their environment; doing so often requires incorporating information from multiple sensory modalities. For instance, if a car slows down in front of us, inferences about why they did so are rapidly revised if we also hear sirens in the distance. Here, we investigate the ability to reconstruct others' actions and events from the past by integrating multimodal information. Participants were asked to infer which of two agents performed an action in a household setting given either visual evidence, auditory evidence, or both. We develop a computational model that makes inferences by generating multimodal simulations, and also evaluate our task on a large language model (GPT-4) and a large multimodal model (GPT-4V). We find that humans are relatively accurate overall and perform best when given multimodal evidence. GPT-4 and GPT-4V performance comes close overall, but is very weakly correlated with participants across individual trials. Meanwhile, the simulation model captures the pattern of human responses well. Multimodal event reconstruction represents a challenge for current AI systems, and frameworks that draw on the cognitive processes underlying people's ability to reconstruct events offer a promising avenue forward.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Causal reasoning; Social cognition; Theory of Mind; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Papers with Poster Presentation", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nq5p6m8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brockbank", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hannah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jan-Philipp", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fränken", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Edinburgh", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zhuoyi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Weiyu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ruohan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiajun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gerstenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21586/galley/11185/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21586/galley/21979/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 21327, "title": "Who is responsible for collective action?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Reducing inequality, mitigating climate change, and responding to public health crises are large-scale goals that require the cooperation and coordination of many individuals. These goals cannot be achieved by one individual alone, and contributing is not always beneficial to each individual. And yet, individuals must contribute in order to make a difference. How do we hold individuals and groups responsible for collective action?", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Computer Science; Philosophy; Psychology; Causal reasoning; Large Language Models" } ], "section": "Symposia", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9th5n54s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Casey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lewry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tania", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lombrozo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shannon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wing", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sydney", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Levine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Allen Institute for AI", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tenenbaum", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "MIT", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lionel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sofia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bonicalzi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Roma Tre University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gerstenberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21327/galley/10926/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/21327/galley/21772/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24610, "title": "Who is you? Delayed processing following (formal) second person pronouns in an emotional narrative", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Texts about fictional characters are often written in a third person singular (3SG) perspective. In a self-paced reading study, Child et al. (2018) found that emotional information is processed more easily when the narrative uses second person singular (2SG) rather than 3SG. In the current study, we explore how 2SG and 3SG are processed in Dutch. Because Dutch is a language with a formal-informal distinction in 2SG, we also contrast formal 2SG-V (e.g., u, 'you') to informal 2SG-T (e.g., jij, 'you') forms. We find a main effect of perspective on target processing, with 2SG read faster than 3SG. In contrast, spillover regions (three words following the target) are read slower following 2SG than 3SG, and spillover regions were read slower following 2SG-V than following 2SG-T. This means that processing emotional narratives through a 2SG perspectives induces a processing cost compared to 3SG perspectives, and this increases with formal 2SG.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Linguistics; Emotion Perception; Language understanding; Reading" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s84j5qt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "den Hartog", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gert-Jan", "middle_name": "Thomas", "last_name": "Schoenmakers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Utrecht University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lotte", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hogeweg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Helen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "de Hoop", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Radboud University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24610/galley/17965/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24580, "title": "Who, Where, and When: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Situational Changes in Comics", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Understanding visual narratives requires readers to track dimensions of time, spatial location, and characters across a sequence. Previous work found cross-cultural differences for situational changes across adjacent panels, but few works have examined situational dimensions across extended sequences. We therefore investigated situational ‚Äúruns‚Äù ‚Äì uninterrupted sequences of the situational dimensions (time, space, characters) ‚Äì in a corpus of 300+ annotated comics from the United States, Europe, and Asia. We compared runs' proportion and average lengths and found that across books, semantic information changed frequently and run length correlated with proportion. Yet, cross-cultural patterns arose, with American and European comics using more continuous runs than Asian comics. American and European comics used more and longer temporal and character continuity, while Asian comics used more spatial continuity. These findings raise questions about comprehenders' processing strategies for visual narratives across cultures and how general frameworks of visual narrative comprehension account for variations in situational (dis)continuity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Art and Cognition; Cognitive Humanities; Event cognition; Corpus studies; Cross-cultural analysis" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/84963088", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bien", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Klomberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Irmak", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hacƒ±musaoƒülu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Neil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tilburg University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24580/galley/21744/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24580/galley/14177/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24580/galley/21744/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24680, "title": "Why are they saying this? The perceived motives behind online posting and their psychological consequences", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "People have different intentions when sharing information online. However, are others able to interpret these motives and form accurate impressions of the poster? To investigate this, we put participants (N = 307) in imaginary opinion-based ingroup and outgroup online forums. In each, people were presented with different types of statements and asked for their impressions of the poster as well as of their own ingroup and outgroup. Negative impressions and intentions were more commonly linked to posters thought to be outgroup members, even when they exhibited similar behaviours to posters thought to be members of the ingroup. Notably, most types of contact increased people's liking of the ingroup and disliking of the outgroup. That said, a perceived effort to engage in genuine discussion over group matters by perceived outgroup posters appeared to shift outgroup impressions to be more positive. This highlights the potential benefit of deliberation in mitigating intergroup animosity.", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Psychology; Group Behaviour; Social cognition" } ], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jf4q3vk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Viola", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pucci", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perfors", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yoshihisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kashima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Melbourne", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2024-01-01T19:00:00+01:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24680/galley/21745/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24680/galley/14278/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24680/galley/18096/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/cognitivesciencesociety/article/24680/galley/21745/download/" } ] } ] }