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{ "count": 38386, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=1000", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=800", "results": [ { "pk": 47075, "title": "Spiders of Val Grande National Park (NW Italy) (Arachnida: Araneae): faunistic contributions and ecological insights from a protected area", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>We provide an inventory of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) inhabiting the Val Grande National Park (NW - Italy) based on literature data, reliable iNaturalist observations and an original survey conducted between 2018 and 2019 in the frame of the “Biodiversity Monitoring Project” (BMP). In total, we report 157 species belonging to 92 genera and 25 families, including 11 new records for Piemonte and 103 new records for the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola. Linyphiidae and Gnaphosidae were the most represented families, consistently with other protected areas across the Alps. Most species exhibited a Palearctic or European distribution, with a small proportion of endemics. Based on the original data gathered with standardized transects of pitfall traps we analysed species richness and abundance along the altitudinal gradient, revealing a general increasing trend with elevation. We also analyse the relationship between species composition and environmental variables using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and revealed that species composition was significantly influenced by elevation and habitat type, highlighting clear ecological structuring along the altitudinal gradient. Beyond the faunistic contribution, we highlight the importance of faunal inventories for biodiversity conservation, particularly for lesser-known taxa like spiders, whose protection depends on accurate occurrence data within protected areas.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "protected area" }, { "word": "alpine fauna" }, { "word": "spiders" }, { "word": "biodiversity" }, { "word": "elevational gradients" }, { "word": "pitfall trap" }, { "word": "iNaturalist" }, { "word": "species richness" }, { "word": "abundance" }, { "word": "Araneae" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fc024qv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tolve", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Turin", "department": "Department of Life Sciences and System Biology" }, { "first_name": "Marco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Isaia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-28T10:10:28.850000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-08-26T05:06:50.903000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-10T01:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/47075/galley/40054/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/biogeographia/article/47075/galley/40054/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47896, "title": "Statistical reporting inconsistencies in experimental linguistics", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The present article investigates the prevalence of statistical reporting inconsistencies across articles in thirteen experimental linguistics journals published between 2000 and 2023. Using the R package Statcheck, we retrieved 82,991 statistical tests from 13,065 articles and assessed whether p-values were consistent with their test statistic and degrees of freedom. Almost half of the articles (49%) that used null-hypothesis significance testing contained at least one inconsistent p-value. Around one in eight articles (12%) contained an inconsistency that may have affected the statistical conclusion. The inconsistency rates were comparable across journals and seem stable over publication years. We discuss possible reasons for this high rate and offer actionable steps for authors, reviewers, and editors to remedy this state of affairs.<br> <br> <br> </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Brief Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/373639hj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dara-Leonard", "middle_name": "Jenssen", "last_name": "Etemady", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oslo", "department": "Department of Linguistics & Scandinavian Studies" }, { "first_name": "Timo", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Roettger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oslo", "department": "Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-21T15:52:36.954000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-09-18T12:11:05.700000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-09T12:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47896/galley/40036/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47896/galley/40035/download/" }, { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47896/galley/40036/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53099, "title": "Beyond a Backup Plan", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>One of your majors is dance? That may be the one that makes you a better doctor—or any other profession you choose</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4113x0c8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brenna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Farrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-07T15:00:00-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-08T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53099/galley/40048/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53098, "title": "From Storytelling to Scoring Points", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>If dancers train to catch the judges' eyes with technical tricks, and social media reels emphasize virtuosity over artistry, what happens to the future of ballet?</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/853933bg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Gara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-06T15:00:00-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-07T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53098/galley/40047/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48360, "title": "Newly described specimens of leptarctine mustelids expand their geographic range in the western United States", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><em>Leptarctus</em> is a morphologically distinctive carnivoran mammal occurring in Miocene deposits of North America and East Asia. In North American <em>Leptarctus</em> is mostly known from the Great Plains and Florida, but the single occurrence in China and recent description of well-preserved specimens in Oregon indicate that the western North American distribution of the genus is understudied. Here I document previously unreported specimens of <em>Leptarctus</em> and review other leptarctines housed in the collections of the University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP). Dental materials of at least four species of <em>Leptarctus</em> are present in the UCMP collections, encompassing occurrences from the Hemingfordian to Hemphillian North American Land Mammal Ages, adding to known records in the Great Plains, and expanding the paleogeographic range of <em>L. wortmani</em> into Nevada. Materials representing the genus in California are fragmentary but confirm the presence of<em> L. wortmani</em> in the Black Hawk Ranch locality in the coastal ranges of northern California, and <em>L. ancipidens</em> in the Cajon Valley in the southern Great Basin region of southern California.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0", "text": "<p><!-- x-tinymce/html --></p>\n<p>Readers are free to:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Share</strong> — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format</li>\n<li><strong>Adapt</strong> — remix, transform, and build upon the material<br><br>The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Under the following terms:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Attribution</strong> — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.</li>\n<li><strong>NonCommercial</strong> — You may not use the material for commercial purposes .</li>\n<li><strong>ShareAlike</strong> — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.<br><br>No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Notices:</p>\n<p>You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.</p>\n<p>No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.</p>", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Neogene" }, { "word": "Mammalia" }, { "word": "Nevada" }, { "word": "Oregon" }, { "word": "california" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4hv2z5nt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Z. Jack", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tseng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-30T14:31:46.666000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-09-25T16:52:11.297000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-06T17:49:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucmp_paleobios/article/48360/galley/40039/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53023, "title": "Reply: Recent Interventions for Acute Suicidality Delivered in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/052080mq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "WestJEM", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Publishing Team", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Hood", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas; Baylor University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Waco, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Tibbits", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Juan", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Laporta", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carrilo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lacee", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Adams", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stacey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Young-McCaughan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Peterson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, San Antonio, Texas; University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "DeLorenzo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-03T16:46:39.037000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-10-03T16:59:23.066000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-05T11:21:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53023/galley/40033/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47474, "title": "Recent Interventions for Acute Suicidality Delivered in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5763677m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dowdell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Carilion Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine and Psychiatry, Roanoke, Virginia", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-19T13:01:39.130000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-21T00:42:01.687000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-05T11:10:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47474/galley/40032/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43575, "title": "Alcohol Intoxication in the Academic Emergency Department: Epidemiology and Facility-Fee Financial Impact", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Alcohol intoxication is a common patient presentation to urban emergency departments (ED). There is limited data on the healthcare financial impact of caring for alcohol-intoxicated patients in the ED. In this study we examined the facility-based financial billings and collections related to ED visits for alcohol intoxication. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Using a retrospective cohort analysis of two large, urban EDs, with a combined yearly census of approximately 150,000 patient visits, we included all encounters between June 2018–December 2021 with a discharge diagnosis consistent with acute alcohol intoxication. We reviewed records of patient encounters with a final diagnosis consistent with acute alcohol intoxication who only had minimal or no interventions performed, implying the visit was solely consistent with acute alcohol intoxication. We reviewed the facility charges of these patients, along with insurance status and average payment by status to understand the financial impact. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 495,436 patient presentations to the EDs during the study period, 13,454 met study criteria (2.7% of total patients). Patient length of stay in the ED had an average of 254 minutes and median of 240 minutes. In total, this cohort of patients occupied ED beds for 56,505 hours cumulatively, or an average of 43.2 bed hours per day for alcohol intoxication-related visits, representing 3.14% of all ED bed hours across both sites. The majority of patient encounters were billed as a level 3 facility code <br>(76%). Facility charges for the cohort totaled $22,590,000. The estimated reimbursement based on the percentage reimbursed by payor mix was $1.7 million (7.5%), or an average of $126 per patient visit—less than one quarter of the general average visit collection. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Patients with acute alcohol intoxication and no other complaints are a minority of <br>ED patients, yet their care results in substantial charges and ED resources. Based on the known facility collection rates per insurer, the weighted prevalence of insurers among this cohort yields <br>an estimated collection rate of 7.5%. Opportunities to provide proven alcohol-related interventions should consider the unreimbursed costs of these visits when determining cost effectiveness.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "intoxication" }, { "word": "Cost" }, { "word": "Alcohol" } ], "section": "Behavioral Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r26c3kb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Legome", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York City, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bonadio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York City, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Redlener", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York City, New York; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Center for Healthcare Readiness, New York City, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elyse", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lavine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York City, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Avah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mealy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York City, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Sondheim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York City, New York Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Center for Healthcare Readiness, New York City, New York", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-25T13:21:26.336000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-20T16:44:06.053000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-05T10:52:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/43575/galley/40028/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38462, "title": "Multicenter Study Evaluating Impact of Patient and Sonographer Demographics on Quality of Focused Cardiac Ultrasounds", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Demographic inequities in cardiovascular care have been well established, with evidence of effects from sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). For instance, women are less likely to receive guideline-based care for acute myocardial Infarction, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or recognition of cardiac arrest. We investigated the impact of patient sex, along with other patient demographics such as age and BMI, on the quality of focused cardiac ultrasounds (FOCUS). We hypothesized that females would have lower overall FOCUS quality and more frequently omitted apical four-chamber (A4C) views due to breast tissue. Secondary objectives included evaluating differences in image quality and omission rates by BMI, and by age and sonographer sex and training level.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this multicenter, retrospective study we investigated 1,200 total adult patients (100 females and 100 males per site) at six participating sites. The FOCUS quality was determined by two blinded experts per site using a 1-5 ordinal scale per view (parasternal long, parasternal short, A4C, and subxiphoid). The primary outcome, overall quality, was the summed score of the four views, with a maximum score of 20. This scale was then collapsed into three categories for the individual FOCUS views: images inadequate to support diagnosis; images meeting the minimum to support diagnosis; and images supporting the diagnosis well. Secondary outcomes were A4C quality and omission rate. We evaluated associations between sex and FOCUS overall quality using unadjusted mixed-effects models followed by multivariable mixed-effects models adjusted for patient age, BMI, operator sex, and operator experience level. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> The A4C images of female patients were of significantly lower quality (P < .001) and had been omitted more frequently (P < .001); male patients had > 60% higher odds of a diagnostic A4C view (95% CI 1.3 - 2.0). Overall FOCUS quality decreased as BMI deviated from normal and as age increased. There was no significant difference in overall FOCUS quality between female and male patients. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We did not find sex-based differences in overall FOCUS quality; however, we did find that females received lower quality apical four-chamber views and had this view omitted more frequently. Additionally, overall quality declined as BMI deviated from normal, and as age advanced. Future research should elucidate the clinical implications of these differences in quality and the explanation behind not obtaining high-quality views in older patients, in individuals whose BMI deviated from normal toward either underweight or overweight, or in female patients.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "sex" }, { "word": "gender" }, { "word": "health equity" }, { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "FOCUS" }, { "word": "Cardiac" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xs588sf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Barret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zimmerman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School / Mass General Brigham, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tracy", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Madsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Giorgina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Giampaolo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rogers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hilary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davenport Stroud", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Creagh", "middle_name": "Turner", "last_name": "Boulger", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Prats", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alice", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pare", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Meera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Muruganandan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Josh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kaine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Brenner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Pam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cruz Soriano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nadia", "middle_name": "Aracelliz", "last_name": "Villarroel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baystate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michele", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Schroeder", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baystate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natalie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Strokes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baystate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tyson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Baystate Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gleeson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts UMass Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "MIchael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts UMass Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Janette", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baird", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alyson", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "McGregor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Carolina School of Medicine / Prisma, Department of Emergency Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristin", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Dwyer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-07T13:35:20.305000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-15T19:11:11.771000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-05T10:35:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/38462/galley/40024/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47204, "title": "Intubating Stylets in the Emergency Department: A Video Review of First-pass Success and Time", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Effective airway management is critical for optimal patient outcomes in the emergency department (ED). Additionally, airway management is significantly influenced by the clinician’s selection of equipment, specifically the choice of intubating stylet. Also of note, the duration of intubation (time to intubate) impacts overall success. The choice of intubation device may influence first-pass success and intubation times. In this study we evaluated equipment trends for first-pass success and intubation duration. We collected data by reviewing a video database of recorded airways. Three commonly used intubating stylets were reviewed: the hyperangulated stylet; bougie (Eschmann stylet); and malleable stylet.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed 615 intubation videos. These videos were recorded via video laryngoscopy at the University of Kansas Medical Center and The University of Kansas Health System between February 2019–January 2022. We recorded device type, number of intubation attempts, and time to successful intubation (time from entry of laryngoscope blade to passage of endotracheal tube through vocal cords). We included and analyzed 575 intubations for first-pass success, while a random subset of 70 intubations was used to evaluate intubation times. We also conducted a survey to query current faculty and resident physicians regarding their preference for intubation modality.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Among 575 intubations, the bougie (Eschmann stylet) was used in 47.1% of cases, the malleable stylet in 27.3%, and the hyperangulated (also known as “rigid” or “angular”) stylet in 25.6%. Overall first-pass success was 91.3%. The malleable stylet showed the highest success rate (94.9%), followed by the hyperangulated stylet (93.2%), and the bougie (88.2%) (χ² = 6.53, P = .04). In a separate analysis of 70 cases, the median intubation time was 35.5 seconds. For intubation time, we found a significant difference between the three modalities (χ² = 8.2019, P = .02), with pairwise differences between bougie vs malleable stylet (P = .01) and bougie vs hyperangulated stylet (P = .02), but not between hyperangulated and malleable stylets (P = .62). Bougie-assisted intubations had the highest median time of 40.5 seconds (mean 49.15 +/- 23.1) compared to malleable stylet 31 seconds (mean 33.8 +/- 16.4) and hyperangulated 31 seconds (mean 33.6 +/- 11). A survey of 52 physicians showed that 55.8% preferred the malleable stylet, 19.2% preferred the hyperangulated stylet, and 25% preferred the bougie.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The malleable stylet demonstrated the highest first-pass success rate and the most consistent intubation times, while the bougie had the longest times and lowest success rate in our ED. Physician preferences also favored the malleable stylet. First-pass success rates and intubation times vary depending on an institution’s familiarity with specific devices and the clinician’s preference. These factors should be considered when selecting intubation equipment to optimize airway management outcomes or facilitate training.</p>\n<p> </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "intubation" }, { "word": "stylet" }, { "word": "bougie" }, { "word": "first pass" }, { "word": "video laryngoscopy" }, { "word": "airway" } ], "section": "Critical Care", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/55p4v3gp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Raymond", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Che", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas Health System and University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Niaman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nazir", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas Health System and University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Population Health, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Badar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas Health System and University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anchitha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Honnur", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Newton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas Health System and University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Abdel-Rahman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tala", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Medicine, Salt, Jordan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clutter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Kansas City University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pirotte", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas Health System and University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-04-10T13:28:05.459000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-10T17:26:11.763000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-05T09:36:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47204/galley/40017/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42019, "title": "Potential Impact of Using Canadian Syncope Risk Score onEmergency Department Hospitalizations for Syncope", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Syncope is a common emergency department (ED) presentation and frequently results in low-yield hospitalizations. The Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS) is a validated risk stratification score that identifies 30-day risk of serious adverse events for patients presenting with syncope. In this retrospective, cross-sectional study we aimed to evaluate syncope admissions with the CSRS to determine potentially unnecessary hospitalizations.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We identified patient visits for syncope at 11 EDs from February 2019–January 2020. We excluded patients with additional serious diagnoses that would have independently required admission and those who were discharged. We then randomly sampled the remaining charts until finding 200 that met study inclusion criteria on full chart review. We retrospectively calculated CSRS via manual chart review and identified the proportion of patients with low-risk CSRS. We compared demographic characteristics between those with low- vs medium- and high-risk CSRS.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We identified 5,718 adult patients hospitalized for syncope. Of these patient visits 3,999 were initially excluded, 336 were sampled, and 200 included for analysis. Of these, 39% (77/200, 95% CI 32-46%]) were low risk (CSRS < 1). Patients with low-risk CSRSs were younger (61.2 years vs 70.6 years of age; absolute difference [AD] 9.4 years; 95% CI 4.8-13.9), less likely to have heart disease (1.3% vs 61.8%; AD 60.5%, 95% CI -69.4% to -51.5%), and more likely to have substance use disorder (14.3% vs 4.9%; AD 9.4%, 95% CI 0.7-18.1%).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this sample of patients hospitalized for syncope, 39% had low-risk Canadian Syncope Risk Score. Had the CSRS been used, these patients could have been safely discharged, as their estimated 30-day serious adverse event rate was < 1%. Wider adoption of the CSRS could potentially reduce unnecessary hospitalizations for patients with syncope.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "none", "short_name": "none", "text": "", "url": "http://google.com" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "syncope" }, { "word": "clinical decision support" }, { "word": "Risk" }, { "word": "healthcare utilization" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5b08q7xm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Harris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Johns Hopkins Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lindsie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "LaBonte", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Guido", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Massaccesi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Benoit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stryckman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bennett", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Myers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Gingold", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "R. Gentry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wilkerson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-22T13:15:16.588000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-17T02:21:42.005000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-05T05:28:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42019/galley/40006/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35583, "title": "Accessibility of Urgent Care Centers: A Socioeconomic and Geospatial Evaluation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Urgent care centers (UC) play an important role in addressing non-emergent health concerns, offering a convenient alternative to emergency departments (ED). However, accessibility to UCs can vary based on transportation availability and socioeconomic factors. In this study we evaluated the geospatial accessibility of UCs and EDs in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, and sought to characterize the relationship between transit options, socioeconomic vulnerability, and access to care.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We included 13 EDs and 13 UCs in the study. Public and private transit times between census tracts in Milwaukee County and the nearest UC or ED were calculated using an application programming interface that recorded data from Google Maps. We employed socioeconomic vulnerability index (SEVI) scores to define community vulnerability. Statistical analyses, including Mann-Whitney U tests and Pearson correlation coefficients, were used to determine differences in commute times and their relationship with socioeconomic status.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Private transit times were shorter than public transit times when commuting to the nearest ED (7 minutes vs 22 minutes, P <.001) and the nearest UC (9 minutes vs 31 minutes, P < .001). The EDs were generally more accessible than UCs, with shorter transit (22 vs 31 minutes, P < .001) and walk times (11 vs 14 minutes, P <.001). Socioeconomically disadvantaged communities with higher SEVI scores had longer private transit times to UCs (r = 0.17, P = .003) while having shorter public transit times to EDs (r = -.21, P < .001).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Access to urgent care centers and EDs in Milwaukee County is influenced<br>by socioeconomic factors and transportation modes. While EDs are more accessible to socioeconomically vulnerable communities, UCs are less accessible, which may contribute to higher ED utilization for non-emergent needs. These findings highlight the need to address transportation limitations as a social determinant of health that can impact how disadvantaged populations seek care and the implications for non-emergent ED use and ED crowding.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "urgent care" }, { "word": "transportation" }, { "word": "accessibility" }, { "word": "Social Vulnerability Index" }, { "word": "Emergency Department Utilization" } ], "section": "Health Equity", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21k4z79t", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Parnika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Telagi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sadler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Illinois, Department of Computer Science, Urbana, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Praval", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Telagi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McGurk", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-09-25T01:00:33.167000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-15T22:32:06.974000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-04T11:16:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/35583/galley/39999/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53040, "title": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r27m5t1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saucedo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Isabelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kawaguchi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Isabella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-10-04T12:01:38.951000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-10-04T12:04:00.884000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-04T11:10:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/53040/galley/40034/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46593, "title": "Dysarthria-Clumsy Hand Syndrome in a Patient with a Caudate Nucleus Stroke: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome (DCHS) is a rare finding reported in lacunar strokes. Lesions in various anatomic locations have been reported. While the association of DCHS<br>with a caudate nucleus lesion has been documented, such reports remain infrequent.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>In this case we present a 52-year-old male who presented with DCHS following a stroke affecting the caudate nucleus. Neurological examination revealed left-sided motor deficits.<br>Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed an isolated infarct in the right caudate nucleus.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: This case report describes a patient with dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome, due to a lesion in the caudate nucleus and the internal capsule</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome" }, { "word": "Caudate nucleus" }, { "word": "hypertension" }, { "word": "Lacunar stroke" }, { "word": "case report" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/37x1c5f3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Janan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Niknam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "William Carey University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Hattiesburg, Mississippi", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Al-Zaher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "William Carey University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Hattiesburg, Mississippi", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sivarma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kotikalapudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Southern Star Medical Group, Hattiesburg, Mississippi", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-09T13:51:55.370000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-08T17:45:17.918000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T22:48:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/46593/galley/40151/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53025, "title": "Dance as an anti-aging activity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Dance can help preserve mobility, prevent injury, and increase communal connections as we age—why isn’t it everywhere? </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/68x0r14f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katelyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Potyondy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-02T15:59:49-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53025/galley/39977/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53032, "title": "Dreams die when arts fuding disappears", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Without enough support for dancers from all backgrounds, will we ever get to see the next Misty Copeland?</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f3779ts", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dora", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-01T18:43:33-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53032/galley/39983/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53024, "title": "Just breathe—it’s the key to better health and better dancing", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Ever felt like your mind and body are somehow not speaking? Yoga and breath awareness can lead to more artistry and less stress</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/146672wz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "von Blanck", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-02T17:07:59-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53024/galley/39976/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53029, "title": "Let Them Eat Cake….and Audition Fees", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The high cost of auditioning for dance companies creates a barrier for dancers without sufficient funds, so the field is missing out</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5417p52g", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gabriella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Padilla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-01T18:11:05-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53029/galley/39981/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53027, "title": "The “ideal ballet body” myth has hurt so many dancers—can we break that mold? ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>At the studio level, teachers could bring in nutrition experts to produce healthy dancers with enough energy to perform and thrive</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rg5s58x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clarke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-01T17:56:38-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53027/galley/39979/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53033, "title": "The Lost Audience for Dance", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Do fewer people like or respect dance than in the past? Or do they just not know about it because of funding cuts in arts education?</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56g2s0xf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Taya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ovsiannikov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-01T18:49:06-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53033/galley/39984/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53028, "title": "Why Modern Dance Should Be Taught in Competition Studios", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>After studying many kinds of dance, maybe you think you’re ready for a university</p>\n<p>dance major—but something could be missing</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/65v7521h", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wade", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-01T18:04:45-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T15:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53028/galley/39980/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53026, "title": "Dear Dance Competitions—Do better", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Too many young dancers are put in compromising situations with adults they thought they could trust. A former competition kid asks: What needs to be done?</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "<p>© the author(s). All rights reserved.</p>", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qq6p7kn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Francine", "middle_name": "Mae", "last_name": "Peji", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": "2025-10-02T17:39:50-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/53026/galley/39978/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47088, "title": "Experimental Study of Social Learning in Three Wild Shell-dwelling Tanganyikan Cichlids That Vary in Sociality", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The social intelligence hypothesis posits that animals living in more complex social groups display better cognitive performances. However, this hypothesis has mainly been investigated in primates and studies using similar paradigms across different species are scarce. Here, we tested three species of wild Lamprologine shell-dwelling cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika (Neolamprologus multifasciatus, Lamprologus ocellatus, and L. ornatipinnis) that vary in their levels of sociality. We developed a standardized learning paradigm well-established in various species, including cichlids. We used shells, with which the fishes inherently interact, to design an ecologically relevant apparatus to test the three species in identical color associative learning and social learning tasks. We found species differences in engagement in the training for these tasks and only 5 out of 24 individuals learnt to feed from a neutral white shell. One L. ocellatus and one L. ornatipinnis learnt to choose the correct colored shell in the associative learning task and were further used as demonstrators in the social learning task. In this task, no species showed signs of color stimulus enhancement as the observers’ choices of colors were not influenced by the demonstrators. However, we found evidence for stimulus enhancement at a larger scale as naïve observers approached the novel experimental apparatus faster than the demonstrators when first exposed to this apparatus. Our results encourage further research of social learning processes in individual fishes and highlights the difficulties in using standardized tests in comparative psychology, even across very close species. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "associative learning" }, { "word": "Comparative Psychology" }, { "word": "fish" }, { "word": "observational learning" }, { "word": "social intelligence hypothesis" }, { "word": "wild-caught" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5vh2s0q6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maelan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tomasek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "Labortoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive" }, { "first_name": "Valerie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dufour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jordan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-26T11:38:48.185000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-08-04T11:11:56.406000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T09:38:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Tomasek_Final", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47088/galley/39972/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Other", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47088/galley/39952/download/" }, { "label": "Tomasek_Final", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47088/galley/39972/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41525, "title": "A Case Study of Associations Between Human Visual-Vocal Commands and Behaviors in a Lactating Steller Sea Lion Pup (Eumetopias jubatus)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This study aimed to examine whether a lactating Steller sea lion pup (Eumetopias jubatus) could learn the associations between human commands (verbal/ visual) and behavior. A male Steller sea lion pup named Kanata was artificially cared for from the age of 36 hours. When Kanata was three months old, we began behavior-shaping training using milk as a reinforcer. During the training phase, which lasted approximately three months, Kanata learned nine behaviors. The trainers simultaneously presented Kanata with both hand signals and vocal commands to condition each behavior's association with the human commands. In the test phase, we tested the effects of associative learning between the human commands and each behavior in the three conditions. When trainers simultaneously gave him hand signals and vocal commands (Condition 1), Kanata’s performance was significantly higher than for the other conditions (Condition 2: only hand signals and Condition 3: only vocal commands). Additionally, Kanata’s performance was significantly higher in Condition 2 than in Condition 3. Although Kanata’s performance was stable for all commands in both Conditions 1 and 2, it was significantly low for almost all commands in Condition 3. These results provide the first evidence to suggest that a Steller sea lion pup has an excellent ability of associative learning and that he could shape the associations between the human commands and behaviors in both visual and auditory modalities, but his learning association could be dominant in visual information, compared to auditory information. </p>\n<p> </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "artificially care" }, { "word": "training" }, { "word": "associative learning" }, { "word": "Steller sea lion pup" }, { "word": "hand signals" }, { "word": "vocal commands" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1tk3151m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Masahiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sasaki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kazuki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tsutsumi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hinano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kinoshita", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Masahiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nishijima", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chiori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Matsumura", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ayaka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Toyota", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Toshimune", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kambara", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-20T18:00:01.388000-05:00", "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-10-02T09:15:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Sasaki Final", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/41525/galley/39971/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Sasaki Final", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/41525/galley/39971/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43509, "title": "Principles and Practices for Integrating genAI in Formative Language Assessment", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Recent developments in generative artificial intelligence (genAI) have ushered in a shift in the educational paradigm. Despite the potential pitfalls in genAI, research in this field has also indicated that these technologies possess the capability to improve teachers’ workflows and have broader impacts on educational accessibility and effectiveness (e.g., Sullivan et al., 2023). Nevertheless, a significant gap persists in practical, in-class applications and clear, principled guidelines for integrating these technologies into everyday teaching. This article seeks to provide actionable strategies and prompts to ease teachers’ workloads and improve teaching by demonstrating how ChatGPT can generate formative language assessment items. In this investigation, we utilized three of TESOL International’s principles for exemplary teaching to develop formative language assessment items. By aligning genAI technology with established pedagogical strategies, this research highlights the role of genAI as a supplementary tool rather than a substitute for human educators.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Generative AI" }, { "word": "language assessment" }, { "word": "large language models" }, { "word": "teacher-AI collaboration" } ], "section": "Teachers' Forum", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73f239dd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Larry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grullon-Polanco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida", "department": "World Languages" }, { "first_name": "Jihye", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of South Florida", "department": "World Languages" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-13T20:09:43.756000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-08-15T20:25:02.161000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-01T17:41:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43509/galley/39968/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43509/galley/39956/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43509/galley/39968/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35230, "title": "The interplay of nominality and adverbiality in Phola", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Some Yi/Ngwi languages exhibit functionally versatile word classes, including nouns which can be used as both referential arguments and adjuncts, covering functions typically associated with adverbs. As a result, adverbs are often treated as a residual word class in the literature on these languages. This article aims to complement the picture of adverbiality in this subbranch of Tibeto-Burman by offering novel data on Phola, a Yi/Ngwi language of Yunnan. It is shown how adverbial expressions of time, space and manner exhibit unique constructional properties, which set them apart from nominal expressions. Very particularly, Phola adverbial expressions, in contradistinction to canonical nouns, must be relativised before they can be used as noun-modifiers. This suggests they are underlyingly part of the verb phrase, a property that lexical adverbs exhibit in languages where their existence as a word class is uncontroversial. The Phola facts are compared to those of other Ngwi languages, especially Lahu, the single best described Ngwi language, where adverbial expressions are largely found to be constructionally identical with canonical nouns. The differences between such two closely related languages highlight the need for a stronger focus on language-internal distributional criteria when addressing the thorny task of defining and assigning word classes.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "word classes" }, { "word": "adverbs" }, { "word": "nouns" }, { "word": "noun phrase" }, { "word": "Syntax" }, { "word": "relative clauses" }, { "word": "nominalisation" }, { "word": "nominal modification" }, { "word": "syntactic tests" }, { "word": "constructions" }, { "word": "Tibeto-Burman" }, { "word": "Ngwi" } ], "section": "Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54v8c2p3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Manuel David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "González Pérez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Sydney", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-05-21T04:30:03-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-13T21:23:46.694000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-01T16:53:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/himalayanlinguistics/article/35230/galley/39975/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 1547, "title": "Do prosodic cues convey intent directly or through contrastive marking? A study of French indirect requests", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This study investigates how prosody contributes to the interpretation of French indirect requests. We ask whether prosodic cues directly map onto speech acts (Direct Mapping view) or primarily serve as contrastive markers, signaling a departure from the most likely interpretation (Contrastive Marking view). Four interrogative constructions were examined, each compatible with both a request and a yes/no question reading: modal interrogatives (<em>Tu peux fermer la fenêtre ?</em> ‘Can you close the window?’), non-modal interrogatives (<em>Tu fermes la fenêtre ?</em> ‘Are you closing the window?’), and their counterparts with <em>est-ce que</em> (<em>Est-ce que tu peux fermer la fenêtre ?</em> ‘Can you close the window?’; <em>Est-ce que tu fermes la fenêtre ?</em> ‘Are you closing the window?’). Norming studies with 320 French speakers established baseline request probabilities for these forms, confirming that modal interrogatives strongly favor a request interpretation, while non-modal forms—especially with <em>est-ce que</em>—were less likely to be interpreted as such. A production study with 8 native speakers elicited utterances intended as requests or questions, and acoustic features (mean F0, F0 slope, duration) were analyzed. A perception study with 280 listeners then tested whether these prosodic cues guided interpretation. Our results reveal a dual pattern: F0 slope consistently distinguished requests from questions across constructions, supporting the Direct Mapping view, whereas mean F0 and duration interacted with constructional features—their predictive value varied depending on the presence of a modal or <em>est-ce que</em>—in line with the Contrastive Marking view. Together, these findings suggest that prosody plays a non-uniform role in speech act recognition: some features act as stable signals of intent, while others are sensitive to the construction’s default interpretation. This work advances models of prosody and pragmatics by showing that prosodic cues can simultaneously function as direct markers of meaning and as signals of deviation from canonical interpretations. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Registered Report", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5q52m9g5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ruytenbeek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "KU Leuven", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trott", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2023-07-20T04:35:20.767000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-09-11T03:34:48.610000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-10-01T11:30:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/1547/galley/39926/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/1547/galley/39926/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/1547/galley/39927/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41210, "title": "Impact of Interventions on Peri-Intubation Hypoxemia and Hypotension in Critically Ill Patients:Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Emergent endotracheal intubation is common in critically ill patients. Underlying pathophysiologic derangements puts these patients at increased risk of peri-intubation major adverse events (MAE) and have been associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Investigating the impact of interventions in the peri-intubation period on the rate of peri-intubation hypoxemia and hypotension can help improve management of emergent airways.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases from their beginning through April 2024 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating interventions to prevent peri-intubation hypoxemia and hypotension. Random-effects meta-analysis was used for the outcomes of peri-intubation hypoxemia and hypotension. We used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and Cochrane Q-statistic and I2 to assess the quality and heterogeneity of the included studies, respectively.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We included 16 RCTs included in our analysis with a total of 7,778 patients. All studies reported incidences of peri-intubation hypoxemia, and 11 studies reported rates of hypotension. One study had some concern of bias; otherwise all others were found to have low risk of bias. The examined interventions were associated with a 25% reduction in rates of hypoxemia (OR 0.748, 95% CI 0.566 - 0.988, P = .04). The subgroup of preoxygenation techniques showed a 63% reduction in rates of hypoxemia (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23 - 0.61, P < .001). Interventions to prevent hypotension were not associated with a significant decrease in rates of peri-intubation hypotension (OR 0.848, CI 0.676 - 1.063, P = .15).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoxygenation interventions, in the form of noninvasive ventilation, are associated with lower odds of hypoxemia in the peri-intubation period. More research is needed to determine whether interventions can be successful at preventing cardiovascular collapse.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency airway" }, { "word": "endotracheal intubation" }, { "word": "peri-intubation hypoxemia" }, { "word": "peri-intubation hypotension" }, { "word": "peri-intubation adverse events" } ], "section": "Critical Care", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n76693z", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Ren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Portland, Oregon; R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "V.", "last_name": "Downing", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Associate Program, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cardona", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Critical Care, New York, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Isha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yardi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Associate Program, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Manahel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zahid", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Associate Program, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kaitlyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Associate Program, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vera", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bzhilyanskaya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Associate Program, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Priya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pourmand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Quincy", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Tran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, Baltimore, Maryland; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Associate Program, Baltimore, Maryland", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-10T16:08:30.796000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-18T07:34:38.113000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-27T16:30:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/41210/galley/40018/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43539, "title": "Acute Care of Patients with Moderate Respiratory Distress: Recommendations from an American College of Emergency Physicians Expert Panel", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Patients with respiratory distress are frequently encountered in the emergency department (ED). Efforts to assess, initiate treatments, and stabilize these patients require a systematic and rapid response. Emergency physicians need a comprehensive and efficient approach for evaluating, treating, and managing patients presenting to the ED with moderate respiratory distress.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>The American College of Emergency Physicians convened an expert panel of academic and community emergency physicians, critical care specialists, respiratory therapists, hospitalists, and pharmacists to develop and subsequently disseminate consensus recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of patients with moderate respiratory distress presenting to the ED.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> A digital tool using a consensus-based framework was developed to aid emergency clinicians in diagnosing and caring for patients with moderate respiratory distress. The tool can be employed at each step in the diagnostic and treatment process.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evidence-based tool is a practical and freely available bedside instrument for emergency clinicians to diagnose and treat patients with moderate respiratory distress. Further studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of this approach.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Critical care" }, { "word": "respiratory distress" }, { "word": "shortness of breath" }, { "word": "respiratory therapy" }, { "word": "lung disease" } ], "section": "Clinical Practice", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0f32w678", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Baugh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jim", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Neuenschwander", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jesslyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lenox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore Hospital, Pulmonary Function Lab and Neurodiagnostics, Weymouth, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hoh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisiana at Monroe, Department of Emergency Medicine, Monroe, Louisiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ward", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tammany Health System, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, St Covington, Louisiana; Robotic Critical Care Services", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Muramoto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Louisiana State University’s Spirit of Charity Emergency Medicine Residency Program, New Orleans, Louisiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Casey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Antonio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anzueto", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UT Health San Antonio, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Division of Pulmonary Medicine/ Critical Care, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hajirah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ishaq", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jared", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mount", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Athens, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "DeBlieux", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University Medical Center New Orleans, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-18T14:12:03.323000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-15T19:18:05.071000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-27T16:11:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/43539/galley/40031/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47915, "title": "Five-Year Trends in Emergency Medicine Match Results and Future Outlook", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Emergency Medicine Workforce", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/59t9d0xg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Sheng", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erin", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Simon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northeast Ohio Medical University, Cleveland Clinic Akron General Emergency Medicine Program, Akron, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Friedmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eddie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garcia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palo Alto, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vytas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Karalius", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palo Alto, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kiemeney", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Merritt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Utah, Department of Emergency Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Milman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dallas, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Meghan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitchell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jared", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mugfor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mihir Patel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dallas, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Morningside West, New York, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Esther", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-23T00:39:18.847000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-07T19:09:49.994000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-27T15:43:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47915/galley/40019/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41521, "title": "Analysis of Emergency Department-based Intensive Care Units on Coding and Revenue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Emergency department-based intensive care units (ED-ICU) address the increasing demand for critical care services and represent a transformative approach to the specialty’s management of critically ill patients within emergency medicine. However, data on their financial impact and operational effects remain limited.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a retrospective, quasi-experimental study at an urban, academic ED with approximately 90,000 annual visits. In July 2019, a nine-bed ED-ICU model, referred to as “Next Pod,” was implemented. We analyzed Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding data and professional revenue (charges billed and payments received) for 35 weeks before and after the intervention (November 2018–March 2020). The intervention involved repurposing a nine-bed ED area and adjusting physician and nursing staffing models. We compared critical and non-critical care CPT coding proportions and professional revenue using the Student t-test.<br>Results: During the study period, there were 38,283 ED visits pre-implementation and 36,424 visits post-implementation. Across the entire ED, critical care coding significantly increased following implementation (CPT 99291: 6.2 - 8.8% [total percentage increase of 41.94%]; 99292: 0.5 - 1.0% [total percentage increase of 100%]). Encounters where 99292 was billed multiple times increased by 128.1% (32 vs 73). Non-critical care coding (99282, 99283) decreased 23% (9.1% vs 7.0%, P< .001) / 29.6% (16.2 vs 11.4, P < .001), respectively. There was a non-statistically significant increase in 99284. Higher acuity codes (99285) increased by 10% (31.7% vs. 34.9%, P < .001). Average ED charges per visit increased by $40 (95% CI $37.2 – $45.5) post-implementation.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The implementation of an ED-ICU was associated with significant increases in critical care and high-acuity coding, as well as enhanced professional revenue. These findings suggest that ED-ICU models can improve both fiscal performance and operational efficiency. Further research is needed to explore the contributions of resource allocation, documentation improvements, and care practices to these outcomes.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ED-ICU" }, { "word": "EM/CCM" }, { "word": "CCM" }, { "word": "Emergency Department Intensive Care Units" }, { "word": "Emergency Medicine Operations" }, { "word": "resource utilization" }, { "word": "Healthcare Economics" }, { "word": "Quality Improvement Initiatives" }, { "word": "ED Workflow Optimization" }, { "word": "Professional Revenue Generation" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sk7w6vw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Sherman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vincent", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Kan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Patric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gibbons", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts; University of Massachusetts, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garrell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Reznek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Worcester, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-20T00:55:55.035000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-15T16:27:08.303000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-27T15:25:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/41521/galley/39994/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42018, "title": "Using ChatGPT in Learning Chinese Mandarin: An Interactive Dictionary Rather Than a Content Facilitator", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>As a widely discussed AI tool in recent times, ChatGPT has been the subject of extensive research, particularly in EFL learning contexts where it is often utilized as a sophisticated grammar reviewer. This study shifted its focus to exploring ChatGPT's role in Chinese Mandarin acquisition. Seven senior students from an undergraduate Chinese-Portuguese/Portuguese-Chinese translation program in Portugal participated, with six completing a structured four-task learning activity. Analysis of participant conversations with ChatGPT, a written test conducted immediately after the activity, and a questionnaire assessing satisfaction, perceived learning effectiveness, prior tool usage, and learning outcomes revealed that ChatGPT can function as an interactive, adaptable, and comprehensive real-time dictionary for Chinese Mandarin. It effectively explains word meanings and expressions in specific linguistic contexts and suggests appropriate idiomatic expressions based on learners’ prompts. Contrary to previous findings, participants reported lower satisfaction and limited perceived learning effectiveness. This may be due to the role ChatGPT played in the present study, where it was used merely as a chatbot for target-language interaction rather than as a tool facilitating their learning process by providing ready-made responses. Additionally, participants’ attitudes and preferences for traditional learning methods may also have contributed to these results. The study suggests that effective integration of ChatGPT into Chinese language learning practices requires time and careful consideration.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ChatGPT" }, { "word": "Chinese Mandarin learning" }, { "word": "learning satisfactory" }, { "word": "learning effectiveness" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17d9d1cn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yuxiong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Polytechnic Institute of Leiria", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-22T11:11:24.581000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-25T20:58:25.370000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-26T15:56:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42018/galley/39955/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42018/galley/38803/download/" }, { "label": "Galley v2", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42018/galley/38846/download/" }, { "label": "Galley v3", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42018/galley/39492/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42018/galley/39955/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42260, "title": "Exploring Burst Pulses as Indicators of Positive Affect in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) During Match-to-Sample Trials", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) vocalizations called “burst pulses” exhibit distinct acoustic properties and can potentially be linked to affective states. This study aimed to determine if dolphins produce burst pulses during match-to-sample with both successful and unsuccessful outcomes and to explore any association with positive affect. We observed that burst pulses occurred in 74% of match-to-sample trials (in which the subject views a sample object and selects the match from a group of alternative objects), with a significantly higher frequency during correct responses. Additionally, there was a notable difference in the proportion of burst pulses occurring before versus after the trainer’s bridge, with more burst pulses occurring before the trainer’s bridge. The timing and characteristics of these burst pulses suggest they may be related to the dolphins’ interest and excitement rather than merely a response to reinforcement. These findings provide new insights into the complexity of dolphin vocalizations and their potential connection to affective states. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "bottlenose dolphins" }, { "word": "vocalizations" }, { "word": "match-to-sample" }, { "word": "burst pulses" }, { "word": "victory squeal" }, { "word": "positive affective states" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zj1r8bf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christianna", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Royse", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "Experimental Psychology" }, { "first_name": "Emma", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Miller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "Experimental Psychology" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Johnson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Harris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego", "department": "Psychology" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-05T17:45:20.835000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-22T17:07:07.065000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-26T06:55:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Royse_Final", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/42260/galley/39950/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Royse_Final", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/42260/galley/39950/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43500, "title": "Nerve Blocks for Hip Fractures in the Emergency Department: An Opportunity for Growth", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hip fractures are a common reason for presentation to the emergency department (ED) and are associated with significant morbidity. Nerve blocks have emerged as a safe and effective tool to treat pain associated with hip fractures. In this study, we aimed to measure the frequency with which nerve blocks were performed for ED patients with hip fractures. Our secondary aims were to study the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who received and did not <br>receive a nerve block.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a retrospective study at a single-center, urban, academic, Level I trauma center. We measured the frequency with which patients received a nerve block. We measured other demographics (age, ethnicity, insurance) and clinical data (comorbidities, Emergency Severity Index, National Emergency Department Overcrowding Scale, and hip fracture type). Lastly, we measured the types of nerve block performed, who performed the nerve block, and any associated complications.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Overall, 17% (36/209) of the studied patients and 14% (36/257) of all patients with an acute hip fracture received a nerve block. Patients who were cared for by ultrasound (US) fellowship-trained physicians were more likely to receive a nerve block compared to patients cared for by non-US fellowship-trained physicians (20/35 vs 16/174; P-value < .001).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Nerve blocks were performed for a minority of patients presenting with an acute hip fracture. Patients who are cared for by ultrasound fellowship-trained physicians may be more likely to receive a nerve block than patients cared for by non-ultrasound fellowship-trained physicians in <br>the emergency department.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "hip fracture" }, { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "nerve block" } ], "section": "Musculoskeletal", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02f0x5bz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Allen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles General Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dainis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berzins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lydia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koroshetz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Chun Nok", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mayra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cruz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles General Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles General Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sajed", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles General Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mailhot", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Los Angeles General Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-13T13:35:11.924000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-26T18:07:20.781000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-26T00:32:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/43500/galley/40030/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42263, "title": "Impact of Daily Maximum Temperature on Emergency Department Arrivals and Acuity Levels", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and severe globally. Heat is associated with increases in emergency department (ED) volumes and higher morbidity for a range of chronic conditions. We describe how temperature impacts ED arrivals at different acuity levels.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We obtained time-series records for daily ED arrivals stratified by Emergency Severity Index (ESI) from 2010 – 2019 from hospital records. Wet-bulb temperature was the exposure of interest; analysis was controlled for precipitation, snow, wind speed, day of week, and federal holidays. We fitted a Poisson model for each ESI category and estimated the association between temperature and ED arrival acuity with a distributed lag non-linear model with three days of lag to account for delayed health effects of temperature.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We analyzed data for 3,652 days totaling 556,663 arrivals between 2010 – 2019. At lag 0, lower temperatures were associated with a reduced relative risk of arrival to the ED for ESI 2, ESI 3, and total arrivals. At higher temperatures, ESI 2 and ESI 3 showed an increased relative risk of arrival (wet-bulb exposure of 25°C at 0-day lag: ESI 2 RR = 1.06 [1.02–1.10]; ESI 3 RR = 1.04 [1.01-1.07]). While not statistically significant, ESI 1 exhibited a subtle increase in arrivals at the highest temperatures while ESI 4 & 5 displayed a subtle decrease in relative risk of arrivals under these conditions.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Extremes of temperature, particularly heat, appear to affect ED arrivals differently across different acuity levels. Medium- to higher-acuity presentations appear to be more responsive to heat, with a statistically significant increase in ED presentations on days with the highest heat burden. The highest acuity presentations became numerically but not statistically more frequent on days with the highest heat burden, while the lowest acuity presentations decreased numerically but not statistically in these conditions.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "climate change" }, { "word": "Heat exposure" }, { "word": "climate adaptation" }, { "word": "ED utilization" }, { "word": "ED volumes" }, { "word": "Acuity level" }, { "word": "Emergency Severity Index" }, { "word": "ESI" }, { "word": "Distributed Lag Non-Linear Model (DLNM)" } ], "section": "Climate Change", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/35h9r5h3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Catharina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Giudice", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Chan Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Arisco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Department of Global Health and Population, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zilin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Tufts University, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Caleb", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dresser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Chan Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-06T17:19:47.881000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-07T08:20:02.810000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T23:52:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42263/galley/40010/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43530, "title": "Emergency Department Utilization and Patient Acuity in the Setting of Care-Seeking Hesitancy: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly altered emergency department (ED) utilization patterns. This study quantifies the statistics at a Level I trauma center in Southern California from 14 months before to nine months after the start of the pandemic (January 2019–December 2020). We hypothesized that during the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in ED use patterns impacted patient acuity, as measured by admission rate, mortality rate, ED volume, Emergency Severity Index (ESI), and female:male ratio, even when controlling for COVID-19 cases.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study we examined 97,793 ED visits from January 2019–December 2020 at the University of California, Irvine Medical Center in Orange, CA, via an administrative database comprised of anonymized datapoints from the electronic health record. We included all months from January 2019–December 2020 to account for potential secular trends by calendar month. Primary outcome measures were hospital admission rate and all-causes mortality rate among non-COVID-19 patients who presented to the ED. Secondary outcome measures included the mean number of ED visits per month, mean ESI, and female:male ratio among non-COVID-19 patients. Statistical analyses were performed.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>We found an increase in the mortality rate per ED visit of 0.8859% before the pandemic to 1.2706% (P < .001) during the pandemic. After excluding COVID-19 cases, the mortality rate per ED visit remained elevated at 1.1746% (P < .001), a relative increase of 32.6%. Hospital admission rate increased from 26.0% before the pandemic to 32.3% during the pandemic (P < .001). The mean number of ED visits per month decreased from 4,271.2 ± 193.1 before the pandemic to 3,558.7 ± 437.1 per month during the pandemic (P < .001), a relative decrease of 16.7% when excluding COVID-19 cases. The mean ESI of non-COVID-19 related cases during the pandemic decreased from 2.85 pre-pandemic to 2.84 during the pandemic (P = .03). The female:male ratio decreased from 1.003 pre-pandemic to <br>0.885 during the pandemic (P < .001).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study reveals a decrease in patient volume with an increase in mortality and admission rate, demonstrating an association between shifts in ED utilization patterns and increased patient acuity during the pandemic. Understanding patients’ emergency care-seeking behavior during this period is essential for preparing for future large-scale public health crises and optimizing ED resource allocation and mobilization based on lessons learned from COVID-19. Overall, these findings highlight the need for further research into the development of strategies to address changes in care-seeking behavior during access-limiting scenarios.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "Pandemic" }, { "word": "COVID-19" }, { "word": "patient acuity" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8pz5c8hh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frazier", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nouri", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Modallalkar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Independent Researcher, San Jose, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Natassia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dunn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai West, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bharath", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chakravarthy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Luis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gonzalez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Soheil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saadat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Irvine, Department of Emergency Medicine, California", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-15T21:02:09.268000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-09T15:37:13.008000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T23:24:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/43530/galley/39997/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46984, "title": "Supra-Short Ultrasound Protocol for Rotator Cuff Tears in the Emergency Department: Pilot Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Although ultrasound is readily available to emergency physicians and known to be very accurate for diagnosing rotator cuff tears, it is rarely used for this purpose. Our goal in this study was to develop and preliminarily assess the accuracy of a simplified shoulder ultrasound protocol (the “supra-short” protocol), designed to be used by emergency physicians for diagnosis of supraspinatus tears.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a pilot diagnostic accuracy study in which we assessed the accuracy of the supra-short protocol as performed by minimally trained emergency physicians for identifying supraspinatus tears in volunteers. As a criterion standard, a sports medicine physician also performed a complete shoulder ultrasound on each volunteer. We determined the test characteristics of the supra-short protocol for supraspinatus tears, as well as the median time to complete a scan and the percentage of images deemed adequate by expert review.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Nine emergency physicians performed a total of 40 bilateral supra-short scans on six volunteers (two of whom were known to have shoulder pathology and four of whom had normal shoulders). Of the 80 shoulders scanned, there were 18 cases in which complete ultrasound performed by the sports medicine physician revealed a supraspinatus tear; 12 (66.7%) of those were identified by the novice sonographers using the supra-short protocol. Overall, the sensitivity of the supra-short protocol was 66.7% (95% CI 29.9-92.5%) and the specificity was 87.1% (95% CI 70.2-96.4%). The median time to completion of each shoulder was 133 seconds (interquartile range 88-182). Upon expert image review, 80.0% of the images were deemed adequate.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> After minimal training, emergency physicians were able to quickly perform the supra-short US protocol but were only able to identify supraspinatus tears with moderate accuracy, suggesting the need for more extensive training before clinical use.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ultrasound" }, { "word": "POCUS" }, { "word": "Shoulder" }, { "word": "rotator cuff" }, { "word": "supraspinatus" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48c451g2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zitek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida; Kaiser Permanente Modesto Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Modesto, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Farrow II", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shalaby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Puebla", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alejandro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanoja", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lopez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McShannic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Yonghoon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Warren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lamour", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jiodany", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rosselli", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-10T14:54:17.592000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-07T11:35:11.494000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T23:06:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/46984/galley/40025/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47186, "title": "Emergency Medical Services Policies and Perspectives Leading to Ambulance Engine Idling", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Ambulances are often left to idle, which may contribute to maintenance costs, environmental harm, and resource inefficiencies. Engine idling affects the health of first responders due to the consequences of exhaust. Our study objective was to gain understanding of current emergency medical services (EMS) policies and perspectives on ambulance engine idling.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We designed an anonymous, 48-question survey that was distributed to all levels of EMS clinicians. There were 684 total survey responses from 11 states. We excluded those that only included demographics, yielding 507 responses. The response rate was 10.8%. The questions surveyed demographics, service characteristics, and current policies and perspectives on idling. We used multiple question types, including some that asked participants to rate their level of concern on a five-point Likert scale. “Strongly disagree” was coded as 1, and “strongly agree” was coded as 5. “Neither agree or disagree” was considered a neutral response and was coded as 3. Additionally, we conducted a thematic analysis on data derived from the free-text responses to identify themes.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Few (12%) respondents reported written policies on idling. The biggest concerns regarding idling involved the following (reported as median (IQR, 25th and 75th percentiles): patient comfort (4, IQR 4-5); EMS clinician comfort (4, IQR 4-5), and medication compromise (4, IQR 4-5). There was a neutral level of concern regarding equipment failure (3, IQR 3-4) and response delays (3, IQR 3-5). There was a less than neutral level of concern regarding engine failure (2, IQR 2-4); vehicle theft (2, IQR 2-4), air quality (2, IQR 2-3); increased fuel usage (2, IQR 2-3); and carbon emissions (2, IQR 2-3). Six themes emerged: fear of harming patient; safety; effects on air quality; habits and indifference; cost of idling; and frustration.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Emergency medical services clinicians mainly hesitate to turn off their engines out of concern for patient/personnel harm and potential equipment failure. The theme of frustration, noted in free-text responses, describes EMS clinicians’ feelings of suspicion and concern for an ulterior motive behind the study, which highlights the need for a collaborative effort at addressing this collective issue.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ambulances" }, { "word": "emergency medical services" }, { "word": "environment" }, { "word": "surveys and questionnaires" }, { "word": "policy" }, { "word": "Public health" } ], "section": "Emergency Medical Services", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g3339kk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lyons", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Aaron", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Kuzel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marks", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Craig", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ziegler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisville, Office of Graduate Medical Education, Louisville, Kentucky", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kahra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nix", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-04-06T21:24:50.940000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-07T23:02:53.674000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T22:45:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/47186/galley/40004/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46997, "title": "Financial Burden of Emergency Medicine Residency Applications: Pre-, During, and Post-Pandemic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Applying to emergency medicine (EM) residency programs is costly. In the past several years, the EM residency application process has undergone multiple changes in recommendations regarding away rotations and interview format, primarily but not solely driven by COVID-19 restrictions. To date, little is known about the financial impact of these changes on EM applicants. This study assesses recent trends and changes in the costs of the EM residency application.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We analyzed EM applicant survey data from the Texas STAR (Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency) database from 2019–2024. Application cycles were grouped into three time periods: pre-pandemic (2019–2020), pandemic (2021–2022), and post-pandemic (2023–2024). Applicants’ self-reported data for application fees, away rotation costs, interview costs, and total expenses were analyzed. We conducted Kruskal-Wallis testing to evaluate differences in expense-related variables across the three time periods. We performed post-hoc analysis using the Dunn test if significant differences were detected.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 3,495 EM applicants, which represents 8.4% of the total 41,497 Texas STAR survey respondents from 2019–2024. Average per-applicant total costs were $5,412, $2,076, and $3,156 in the pre-, during-, and post-pandemic application cycles. Self-reported total applicant expenses decreased between the pre- and pandemic period and increased from the pandemic and post-pandemic period (P < .01). Applicants had the lowest overall costs in 2021. Away rotation, second look, application costs, interview travel and lodging, and virtual interview costs all reached their lowest levels during the pandemic period (P < .01). In the post-pandemic period, travel and lodging costs were higher than pre- and during pandemic levels, while interview costs remained lower due to the continued use of virtual interviews (P < .01). Applicants from the Western Region of the US saw the highest total costs compared to the Northeast, which saw the lowest.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The total expenses reported by medical students applying to EM residency programs were significantly reduced during the pandemic, compared to other years. Some expenses, notably away rotation and second look and application costs, have risen post-pandemic. To help reduce the financial burden of the EM residency process, the continued use of virtual interviews is an opportunity for cost savings.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Texas STAR" }, { "word": "Medical Education" }, { "word": "cost analysis" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1fv8t6r2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zeuthen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shappell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Egan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "Barrall", "last_name": "Werley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine/Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pelletier-Bui", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cooper University Hospital/Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Baugh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Abigail", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raynor", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Campbell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "Mihalic", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "D", "last_name": "Luo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-11T07:14:35.632000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-02T17:58:09.264000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T22:30:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/46997/galley/39989/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46547, "title": "Narrative Review of Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Examining Exclusion by Language", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Over 20% of the United States population speaks a language other than English, and many use the emergency department (ED) to access healthcare. However, there remains concern that patients preferring languages other than English are under-represented in clinical research. Thus, our goal was to assess the proportion of ED studies that excluded patients for recruitment due to language.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review using seven search engines for 2018–2023. We included studies if they mentioned language of participants and prospectively enrolled patients in an ED or prehospital setting. We excluded studies if they only included patients <18 years and/or were conducted exclusively outside the US. Two independent reviewers reviewed studies. Analyses included descriptive statistics.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 10,513 studies we identified, 281 were eligible for review; 163 (58%) excluded non?English language preferred (NELP) patients. Among the 107 interventional studies, 69% excluded NELP patients. Of the 135 studies focused on health equity/social emergency medicine, 47% excluded NELP patients.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found 163 (58%) studies conducted in the ED that mention language and excluded NELP patients. Additional work is needed to encourage and support inclusive study designs.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "health equity" }, { "word": "language exclusion" }, { "word": "language equity" }, { "word": "research equity" } ], "section": "Health Equity", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8v13r30c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexa", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Curt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Olivia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kahn-Boesel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lydston", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Treadwell Virtual Library, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Meeker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Samuels-Kalow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-04T09:34:25.162000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-02T17:06:27.558000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T22:07:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/46547/galley/40001/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46553, "title": "Pharmacogenomic Drug-Gene Interactions in Geriatric Emergency Department Patients Who Sustained Falls: A Pilot Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pharmacogenomic-assisted prescribing of medications uses individual genetic information to identify drug-gene interactions. We aimed to assess potential pharmacogenomic drug-gene interactions in geriatric emergency department (ED) patients who sustained a fall.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study involving 25 older adult ED patients with fall-related injury. Data collected included current medications, demographics, and mechanism of injury. All patients provided a DNA sample, which underwent pharmacogenomic testing by an accredited genetics lab, Each patient’s medications were reviewed against their pharmacogenomic report and categorized as Green (continue to use), Yellow (use with caution) or Red (stop use) based on their genetic information and published interactions by the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium, Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group, and US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug label information. The main study outcome was pharmacogenomic drug-gene interactions.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 25 patients enrolled (median age, 81 years, IQR 76-85), 68% were female. Patients were taking a median of eight medications (IQR 5-11). The most common types were antihypertensives, statins, anticoagulants, and anti-platelet medications. Significant drug-gene interactions (Yellow or Red) were identified in 14/25 patients (56%; 95% CI 35-76%). Further, 6/25 (24%; 95% CI 9-45%) had one or more potentially serious (Red) interactions identified.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We found that in geriatric ED patients with a fall-related injury, most had a significant pharmacogenomic drug-gene interaction. DNA testing identifies these interactions and can assist with pharmacogenomic-guided medication prescribing, which may decrease adverse drug events and improve clinical outcomes.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Geriatrics" }, { "word": "Geriatric Emergency Department" }, { "word": "Falls" }, { "word": "Pharmacogenomic" }, { "word": "polypharmacy" } ], "section": "Geriatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3b6396kv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Shih", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida; Delray Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Delray Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gabriella", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Engstrom", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Abhijit", "middle_name": "S", "last_name": "Pandya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gregg", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Fields", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Borivoje", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Furht", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ali", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Danesh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Scott", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Alter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida; Delray Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Delray Beach, Florida; Bethesda Hospital East, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boynton Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Humberto", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Munoz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Delray Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Delray Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Clayton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida; Delray Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Delray Beach, Florida; Bethesda Hospital East, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boynton Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Solano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida; Delray Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Delray Beach, Florida; Bethesda Hospital East, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boynton Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Buckley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida; Delray Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Delray Beach, Florida; Bethesda Hospital East, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boynton Beach, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Olivia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Farag", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wells", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-04T17:20:52.829000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-23T14:25:21.633000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T21:50:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/46553/galley/40023/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41793, "title": "Characteristics of Emergency Department Patients Referred to an Undiagnosed Mass Clinic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The emergency department (ED) serves as an entry point to the healthcare system for many patients, and the increased use of advanced imaging has resulted in identification of masses of unclear significance. We describe patients presenting to an ED who were referred to an undiagnosed mass clinic (UMC).</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of patients ≥16 years of age presenting to Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, from October 31, 2018–March 31, 2023, who were referred to the UMC.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 116 patients referred to the UMC with a median of 3.5 days from ED encounter to clinic date and a median of 14.5 days from ED encounter to biopsy. Using an analytic tool in the electronic health record, we estimated that of 16,872 patients, 116 (0.69%) Mayo Clinic Florida (MCF) ED patients ≥18 years of age who received computed tomography and were discharged from the ED were referred to the UMC. Ultimately, 35 of 65 patients (53.8%) seen in the UMC received a cancer diagnosis.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Our study shows a viable care path from ED encounter to undiagnosed mass clinic. Further research is needed to ensure timely transitions of care for patients who are uninsured or out of network.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "undifferentiated mass" }, { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "malignancy" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47b4h7t6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Brittany", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Beel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "McKenna", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Greg", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Coltvet", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jesse", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "St Clair IV", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Joan", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Irizarry-Alvarado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Division of General Internal Medicine, Jacksonville Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Johnathan", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Sheele", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-08T14:39:20.016000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-09T12:28:17.547000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T21:33:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/41793/galley/39996/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42061, "title": "Emergency Medicine Residents’ Perceptions of Geriatric Emergency Medicine and Careers: A Qualitative Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Geriatric emergency medicine (GEM) has emerged as a subspecialty of emergency medicine (EM) with seven fellowships available throughout North America and opportunities for career development in administration, clinical leadership, education, and research. Our objective in this study was to ascertain the perspectives and understanding of the subspecialty among EM trainees.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We recruited participants from four geographically diverse institutions. Three institutions were academic and had GEM faculty or divisions, and the fourth institution was a community site without geriatric-specific faculty. We conducted semi-structured interviews, adapted from a prior protocol, via teleconferencing and subsequently transcribed them. Codes were generated by two investigators and categorized into themes derived from the data.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Seventeen trainees with an average age of 32.1 years across four institutions participated in the study. Three themes emerged, demonstrating that trainees’ perceptions of GEM were affected by 1) education and exposure; 2) perception of geriatrics; and 3) future career considerations. Trainees with exposure to GEM had greater appreciation for the specialty, but their understanding of career opportunities was mixed. Participants acknowledged broader clinical and social considerations for older adults and in general felt that specialty training would benefit older patients. However, most participants had no personal interest in pursuing GEM, with reasons for disinterest including belief that they would only see older patients, dislike of geriatric complexity, and uncertainty about GEM as a career. Many <br>participants identified educational opportunities for GEM, including noting that curricula include dedicated time for other subspecialties such as pediatrics but not geriatrics. Fellowship decisions were influenced by duration of training, salary, job opportunities, practice settings, and career goals.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Emergency medicine trainees who participated in semi-structured interviews overall viewed geriatrics as an important aspect of EM with perceptions formed from exposure and education at both the institutional and individual level, perceptions of treating older adults, and future career considerations. However, interest in pursuing GEM was overall low, and participants expressed uncertainty about the subspecialty and career options, indicating opportunity for increased awareness, education, and mentorship. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "geriatric" }, { "word": "geriatric emegency medicine" }, { "word": "training" } ], "section": "Geriatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43k2685p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Katherine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Selman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Cooper University Health Care, Department of Emergency Medicine, Camden, New Jersey", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Abigail", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Curran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine , California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cameron-Comasco", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Oak, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Wendy", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Coates", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Angel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tyler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento , California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fernanda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bellolio", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Mayo Clinic, Department of Emergency Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shan", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Liu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-27T13:20:07.127000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-07T19:05:52.113000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T18:51:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42061/galley/40021/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24945, "title": "Examining Canadian Trauma Centres’ Analgesic Protocols for Rib Fractures", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Rib fractures are common in patients with blunt thoracic trauma, and their associated pain causes significant morbidity and mortality. Adequate analgesia is crucial to prevent rib fracture-associated pulmonary complications. However, current analgesic modalities have drawbacks, and the optimal analgesia protocol remains elusive. Intravenous (IV) lidocaine infusions have a well-established safety profile and efficacy in other patient populations and may benefit patients with traumatic rib fractures. To better understand current practices and to inform the design of a multi-centre trial, we believe that a study to determine Canadian trauma centres’ current analgesic practices is warranted. This study describes the current familiarity and use of IV lidocaine infusions for management of rib fracture pain. Secondary outcomes included the identification of common Canadian analgesic protocols for rib fractures and willingness to participate in a future multi-centre trial of lidocaine for these traumatic injuries.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>We distributed an online survey to 14 Canadian trauma centres. Study questions were designed to address four themes: trauma centre characteristics; pain management strategies; current use of IV lidocaine infusions; and interest in future study participation. The analysis included a frequencies analysis and a thematic analysis of descriptions. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> The medical directors of 12 trauma centres (85%) responded. Six of those centres (50%) experience > 450 annual trauma admissions with Injury Severity Scores > 12. Six sites (50% of respondents) have a rib-fracture analgesic protocol. Four centres (33% of respondents) frequently use IV lidocaine for rib fractures, and 10 (83% of respondents) believe further research with IV lidocaine is needed.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Canadian trauma centres’ current practices for rib-fracture pain management are variable. Prospective work is needed to evaluate IV lidocaine as an analgesic for traumatic rib fractures.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "blunt thoracic trauma" }, { "word": "anesthesia" }, { "word": "intravenous lidocaine infusion" }, { "word": "pulmonary complications" }, { "word": "respiratory care" } ], "section": "Trauma", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c24n5cx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sammie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western University, Faculty of Science, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Petrease", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western University, Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kelly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vogt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western University, Department of Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada; Victoria Hospital, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Fran", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Priestep", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Victoria Hospital, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hilsden", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western University, Department of Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada; Victoria Hospital, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Office of Academic Military Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Shane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western University, Department of Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada; Victoria Hospital, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ball", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western University, Department of Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada; Victoria Hospital, Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Office of Academic Military Medicine, London, Ontario, Canada", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-06-21T20:00:03.279000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-09T18:15:18.599000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T18:31:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24945/galley/40013/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42051, "title": "Emergency Department Management of Acute Heatstroke: A Retrospective Analysis from Phoenix, Arizona", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> The global incidence and severity of severe heat illness is on the rise. The increasing number of summer heatwaves in Phoenix, Arizona, gave us a distinctive opportunity to better understand the impact on the clinical presentation and management of acute heatstroke. Our primary objective in this study was to describe the prehospital and emergency department (ED) clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients with acute heatstroke at a single hospital system during the summers of 2021 and 2022 in Phoenix.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a descriptive, retrospective observational study of heatstroke-associated adult ED presentations occurring from June 1 – August 31, 2021 and June 1 – August 31, 2022, to a single hospital system in Maricopa County.</p>\n<p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 60 ED heatstroke encounters. The median environmental daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) were 106.0° Fahrenheit (interquartile range [IQR]) 102.0 - 109.0°F) and 84.0°F (IQR 79.0 - 88.0°F), respectively. The patients were commonly male (42, 70.0%, 95% CI 56.8 - 81.2%), White (26, 43.3%, 95% CI 30.6 - 56.8%), middle-aged (mean 52.7 years, 95% CI 48.4 - 56.9), Medicaid-insured (37, 61.7%, 95% CI 48.2 - 73.9%), and presenting via emergency medical services (60, 100%). Patients were commonly of high acuity (median Emergency Severity Index 1, IQR 1.0 - 2.0), and intubated (45, 75.0%, 95% CI 62.1-85.3%). Forty-seven (78.3%, 95% CI 65.8 - 87.9%) patients were found unresponsive outside with associated substance use (methamphetamines 22, 46.8%, 95% CI 32.1 - 61.9%; and fentanyl 14, 29.8%, 95% CI 17.3 - 44.9%). The average patient Tmax at ED presentation was 41.9°C (IQR 41.1 - 42.2). Forty-one patients (68.3%, 95% CI 55.0 - 79.7%) survived to hospital discharge or transfer, of whom 32 (82.1%, 95% CI 66.5 - 92.5%) were neurologically intact.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the summers of 2021 and 2022, a significant number of heatstroke presentations were treated in a single healthcare system in Maricopa County, Arizona. A substantial number were successfully treated with cold water immersion and discharged neurologically intact. In this urban population, extreme weather exposure and associated substance use appeared to play significant roles.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Emergency Medicine" }, { "word": "Hot Temperature" }, { "word": "heatstroke" }, { "word": "global warming" }, { "word": "Substance-Related Disorders" } ], "section": "Climate Change", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dd4w47w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stowell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pugsley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McElhinny", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Geoffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Comp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jacquelyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pearlmutter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Murtaza", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Akhter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; HCA Healthcare, Department of Emergency Medicine, Miami, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sklar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Valleywise Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Arizona State University, School of Medicine and Advanced Medical Engineering, Tempe, Arizona", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-25T11:31:49.639000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-08T23:48:31.489000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T17:35:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42051/galley/40011/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 40234, "title": "Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality in a Simulated Model: At Incident Scene vs During EMS Transport", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of death and significantly impacts global health outcomes. International guidelines emphasize the importance of high-quality CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation).</p>\n<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> Our goal was to compare CPR efficiency using the criteria recommended by international guidelines between two out-of-hospital cardiac arrest intervention scenarios: CPR at the incident site; and CPR during patient transport to the hospital by emergency medical services.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> In each of the two scenarios, five full two-minute cycles of cardiac compression were applied to a manikin according to international guidelines. The CPR quality parameters were chest compression rate, chest compression depth recorded by the manikin, and investigator-evaluated correct hand placement on the manikin.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We analyzed data from 240 CPR cycles provided by 24 healthcare professionals. The mean chest compression rate was higher (120.5±10.9/minutes vs 125.3±14.7/min, P = .001) and the mean chest compression depth was shallower (43.9±6.6 millimeters [mm] vs 37.9±7.2 mm, P = .001) in the on-the-move group. The two groups’ appropriate hand placement rates were similar (92.1±5.4% vs 92.2±4.5%, P = .48).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> In this study, the moving ambulance simulation demonstrated that chest compressions were administered at a rate exceeding recommended guidelines and at a shallower depth than recommended, while the frequency of correct hand placement remained comparable. If the patient requires transportation from the scene of the incident, the healthcare team must be aware of the potential adverse effects on the chest compression quality.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest" }, { "word": "cardiopulmonary resuscitation" }, { "word": "CPR quality" }, { "word": "moving ambulance" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vh9p1jr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Murat", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Çetin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Dr. Behçet Uz Children’s Disease and Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gökhan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yilmaz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Konya Meram Public Hospital, Konya, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "İlhan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Turgay Yılmaz", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kılıç", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bayraklı City Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Erkan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guvenç", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Health Services, Izmir Provincial Directorate of Health, Izmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Volkan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ergun", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Health Services Training Unit, Izmir Provincial Directorate of Health, Izmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Ebru", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Şener Araz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Health Services Training Unit, Izmir Provincial Directorate of Health, Izmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Başak", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bayram", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Esrefpasa Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brit", "middle_name": "Jeffrey", "last_name": "Long", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gottlieb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William J.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brady", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-05T04:58:02.506000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-07T18:57:08.128000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T17:07:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/40234/galley/40008/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41482, "title": "Does Single Dose Epinephrine Improve Outcomes for Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest by Sex or Race?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent evidence suggests that survival to hospital discharge in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is similar among patients receiving a single dose epinephrine protocol compared to a multi-dose epinephrine protocol. However, it is unknown whether survival to hospital rates differ for single dose vs. multi-dose epinephrine within sex and race subgroups. Our objective in this study was to determine whether survival to hospital discharge rates varied for single dose vs. multi-dose epinephine protocols among men, women, White, and non-White patients.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a pre-post Single Dose Epinephrine Implementation Study from November 1,2016 – October 29, 2019 at five North Carolina emergency medical services (EMS) systems, involving patients ≥ 18 years old with non-traumatic OHCA. Data on race, sex, and the primary outcome of survival to hospital discharge were determined from the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival and from EMS records. We performed intention-to-treat analysis. We compared survival to hospital discharge rates between single dose vs multi-dose epinephrine protocols within sex and race subgroups using generalized estimating equations with a logit link to account for clustering among EMS agencies and to adjust for age, witnessed arrest, automated external defibrillator availability, EMS response interval, the presence of a shockable rhythm, receiving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and sex or race. In the model, we evaluated interactions between epinephrine protocol and race and sex. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 1,690 patients included, (899 multi-dose, 791 single dose), 38.7% (657/1,690) were female and 74.7% (1,262/1,690) were White. Survival to hospital discharge occurred in 13.6% (122/899) of patients in the multi-dose group and 15.4% (122/791) in the single dose epinephrine group (OR 1.19, 95%CI 0.89-1.59). Single dose epinephrine was associated with increased survival to hospital discharge rates in White patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.30). However, the rates were similar for single dose vs. multi-dose epinephrine among men (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 0.93-1.14), women (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 0.97-1.56), and non-White patients (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.78-1.51). Interactions between epinephrine protocol and subgroups were not significant.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rates of survival to hospital discharge were similar in the single dose and multi-dose epinephrine strategies regardless of sex. Single dose epinephrine was associated with increased survival to hospital discharge among White patients but not in non-White patients, which may be due to unmeasured confounding or inadequate power.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)" }, { "word": "Pre-hospital" }, { "word": "emergency medical services (EMS)" }, { "word": "sex" }, { "word": "Race" }, { "word": "single dose epinephrine" } ], "section": "Cardiology", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54c3w2v5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Breanna", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Blaschke", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Carolina, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicklaus", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Ashburn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Snavely", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Carolina, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dev", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "George", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Beaver", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Chado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Harris", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Cannon", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Winslow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "R. Darrell", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nelson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Stopyra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Mahler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Implementation Science, Winston-Salem, North Carolina", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-12T17:50:31.849000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-25T17:41:17.839000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T14:51:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/41482/galley/40007/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42055, "title": "Association of Rising Ambient Temperatures with Increased Violence Worldwide: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Climate change has significantly impacted human health worldwide, contributing to the rise of emerging infectious diseases, allergies, pollution, natural disasters, non-communicable diseases, and malnutrition. One crucial but often overlooked area where climate change has had a notable effect is upon interpersonal violence.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed and Epistemonikos for studies measuring the effect of temperature on violence. Inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed, English-language articles reporting an association between temperature and violence. Data extraction focused on various forms of violence including homicides, assaults, sexual assaults, suicides, intimate partner violence, riots, and civil wars, and we assessed article quality using Joanna Briggs Institute criteria.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We included a total of 37 studies from 11 countries, three subcontinental regions, and two global-level analyses in this review. Of these, 46% originated from the United States. Rising ambient temperatures were significantly associated with increases in homicides (10 studies), assaults (15 studies), sexual assaults (8 studies), firearm violence (5 studies), intimate partner violence (9 studies), and suicides involving violent methods (9 studies). Conversely, no association was found between temperature and non-violent crimes. Civil wars and riots were also linked to temperature increases in all relevant studies. A meta-analysis of eight studies on violence showed that each 1°C increase in ambient temperature results in 1.64% (95% CI 1.23-2.19%) increase in violence (P<.01).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This review demonstrates a significant association between rising temperatures and increased worldwide incidents of violence and self-harm. These findings underscore the urgent need for public health strategies and interventions to mitigate the societal and health impacts of climate change-induced temperature increases.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": ": Violence" }, { "word": "climate" }, { "word": "temperature" }, { "word": "systematic review" }, { "word": "Interpersonal violence" }, { "word": "Suicides" }, { "word": "Homicide" }, { "word": "Assault" }, { "word": "Violence" } ], "section": "Climate Change", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8k46b18p", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Vivek", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chauhan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indira Ghandi Medical College and Hospital, Department of Medicine, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Suman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thakur", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Indira Ghandi Medical College and Hospital, Department of Medicine, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sagar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Galwankar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida State University College of Medicine Emergency Medicine Residency Program at Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Temple", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Florida State University College of Medicine Emergency Medicine Residency Program at Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Florida", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-26T17:06:25.447000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-14T21:52:39.755000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T14:22:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/42055/galley/40009/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 24872, "title": "Burnout in the Emergency Department: Survey of Prevalence and Modifiable Risk Factors", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> We assessed the prevalence of burnout syndrome among emergency physicians and advanced practice practitioners (APP) in an academic emergency department (ED) to identify demographic and lifestyle factors associated with burnout.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We administered a cross-sectional survey including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) with a demographic/lifestyle component to emergency physicians, residents, and APPs at an academic ED. We reported descriptive data and performed chi-square analysis to identify significant variables, followed by logistic regression to quantify their effects. A factor count was performed to assess for additive effects of burnout risk factors.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We collected 55 surveys (60% response rate) yielding an overall burnout prevalence of 52.7%. The following had a significant association with burnout: 0-6 days off per month; fewer than two major hobbies; thoughts of quitting one’s job “at least some of the time”; and spending less than four hours outdoors per week. Zero to six days off per month was associated with 4.70 times more burnout compared to ≥7 days off per month (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-17.82). Participants who met 3-4 vs 0-2 of the previously mentioned conditions had a 6.87 times increased burnout prevalence (95% CI 2.01-23.52).</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This preliminary study highlights four unique factors associated with burnout. It also demonstrates that a specific number of days off may reduce burnout prevalence. Emergency department wellness efforts should consider focusing on strategically scheduling time off each month while encouraging individual habit generation and time spent outdoors to maximize burnout protection. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed interventions.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "burnout" }, { "word": "Residency Education" }, { "word": "Wellness" }, { "word": "MBI" } ], "section": "Emergency Medicine Workforce", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r71z2h3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kraus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fischer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-06-17T12:30:31.848000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-10T12:00:42.961000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-25T12:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/24872/galley/40020/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41493, "title": "Resident as Teachers Curriculum: An Evidence-based Guide to Best Practices from the Council of Residency Directors in Emergency Medicine", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Improving resident teaching skills is an expectation of training. Despite the recognized importance of resident-as-teacher (RaT) curricula, variability indicates the need for evidence-based guidelines to inform best practices. This paper outlines expert guidelines for the development, implementation, and evaluation of RaT curricula from the members of the Council of Residency Directors in Emergency Medicine Best Practices Subcommittee, based on a critical review of the literature. It is important to perform a needs assessment prior to creating and implementing a RaT curriculum. The RaT curricula should include instruction on adult learning theory, feedback, and classroom and bedside teaching techniques. Outcomes of RaT curricula should be assessed using multiple sources including direct observation and incorporate both knowledge and skill retention, as well as acquisition.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "resident as teacher" }, { "word": "Residency" }, { "word": "education" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/461880jk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jaime", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jordan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Portland, Oregon", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gottlieb", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Molly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Estes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Parsons", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Katja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goldflam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Yale School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grock", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Brit", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Long", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Brooke Army Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Antonio, Texas", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sreeja", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Natesan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University, Division of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-14T19:40:12.157000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-17T19:06:20.926000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-24T19:56:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/41493/galley/39987/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43950, "title": "Chloramine/Chlorine Injury Treated with Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation: A Report of Two Cases", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Chlorine and chloramine gases are pulmonary irritants that can cause pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We present two cases that show effective treatment with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV).</p>\n<p><strong>Case Reports: Case 1. </strong>A 9-year-old male developed chloramine pneumonitis and ARDS with hypoxia to 78% on room air after urinating in a bucket of sodium hypochlorite. He was placed on<br>NIPPV with improvement in symptoms and discharged on day four. <strong>Case 2. </strong>A 58-year-old male developed chlorine gas pneumonitis with hypoxia to 85% on room air. Point-of-care ultrasound of this patient demonstrated greater than three B-lines in bilateral lower lung fields, which resolved after initiating NIPPV. He ultimately left against medical advice.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation can be an effective treatment modality for severe lung injury secondary to chlorine or chloramine exposure.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "case report" }, { "word": "chlorine" }, { "word": "chloramine" }, { "word": "respiratory distress" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5hj4g117", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fisher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwell Health, Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York; Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Cyrus", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Kuschner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwell Health, Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Goldstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwell Health, Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York; Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Soha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jhaveri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sanjay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mohan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mineola, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Payal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sud", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwell Health, Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York; Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-26T16:14:25.944000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-01T07:46:26.189000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-24T00:25:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/43950/galley/40149/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47264, "title": "The Complexity of Weak Rhesus Positivity in Pregnancy: Challenges and Management—A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Determining a mother’s Rhesus (Rh) antigen status is a critical component of prenatal care, guiding the administration of Rh immunoglobulin (Rh Ig) to prevent Rh alloimmunization, a condition that can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). HDN is a blood disorder where the blood types of a mother and fetus are incompatible and causes hemolysis of the fetus’ erythrocytes, a major cause of fetal death. Rh Ig is commonly administered to Rh-negative (Rh-) women as a prophylactic measure. However, categorizing a patient’s Rh status is not always straightforward as individuals can exhibit “weakly Rh+” or “formerly Rh+” phenotypes, complicating clinical management.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>This is a case of a 28-year-old Gravida three Para two (G3P2) woman whose Rh status has varied across multiple pregnancies, who presented to the emergency department with an active miscarriage requesting a dose of Rh Ig. Her blood typing indicated O+ status, which conflicted with her previous history of being O-.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most women in the United States are Rh-positive (Rh+), which eliminates the need for Rh Ig during pregnancy. Nevertheless, there are approximately 550,000 women annually who are categorized as Rh-, and 16,700 of these cases may represent weak Rh positivity. Identifying weakly Rh+ individuals holds potential to reallocate scarce Rh Ig resources to those who require them. This report explores the clinical implications of weak Rh positivity, emphasizing maternal-fetal health considerations and the nuanced approach required to manage such cases effectively in the emergency department. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Anti-D-immunoglobulin" }, { "word": "Rh-alloimmunization" }, { "word": "Rhesus Ag" }, { "word": "Rh immune globulin" }, { "word": "rhogam" }, { "word": "case report" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3790h51q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Meghan", "middle_name": "Grace", "last_name": "Warner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Carolinas Campus, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Villa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Carolinas Campus, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Winebrenner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Carolinas Campus, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lewis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Carolinas Campus, Spartanburg, South Carolina; Spartanburg Regional Hospital System, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Spartanburg, South Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lindsay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tjiattas-Saleski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Carolinas Campus, Spartanburg, South Carolina; Prisma Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-04-17T16:50:38.679000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-09T14:42:43.850000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-24T00:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/47264/galley/40150/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48486, "title": "Transthoracic Echocardiography-guided ECMO Cannulation in the Emergency Department: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving intervention that has become more prevalent in the emergency department (ED) for patients with potentially reversible cardiac or pulmonary failure.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report</strong>: We report a case of a young male patient who presented in septic shock and ultimately suffered a cardiac arrest in the ED. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated after multiple rounds of cardiopulmonary resuscitation proved futile. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was employed in the ED to guide ECMO cannulation, and the patient was able to make a full recovery after a one-month admission in the intensive care unit.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Transesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopy are often favored over TTE for ECMO cannulation due to greater resolution of the former modalities.Transesophageal echocardiography is invasive, less accessible, and requires greater expertise. Fluoroscopy requires patients to be moved to a catheterization suite and comes with a risk of extra radiation and contrast-induced nephropathy. While the concept of TTE-guided ECMO cannulation is not especially novel, few case reports exist on its emergent deployment in the ED. Here, we discuss a unique case in which TTE proved effective for timely ECMO deployment for a critically ill ED patient.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation" }, { "word": "extracorporeal membrane oxygenation" }, { "word": "transthoracic echocardiography" }, { "word": "extracorporeal life support" }, { "word": "case report" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02d9c5t6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Osae", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gurysh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Duke University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Durham, North Carolina", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-06-06T15:48:34.342000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-21T13:19:07.371000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-23T23:30:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/48486/galley/40152/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 48350, "title": "Report of Two Cases: Altered Mental Status and Anisocoria as Presenting Symptoms in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: A posterior circulation stroke at the level of the basilar artery can cause ischemia to the brainstem, cerebellum, and occipital lobes.<br>Posterior circulation strokes are notoriously more difficult to clinically diagnose than anterior circulation strokes, with a variety of presenting symptoms including altered mental status, dizziness, vision changes, nausea, and vomiting. Anisocoria has been reported to occur in rare cases.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report</strong>: We present two cases where patients had an acute episode of altered mental status with a key exam finding of anisocoria, or unequal pupil sizes. The combination of anisocoria<br>and acute mental status decline are classically associated with traumatic brain injury, increased intracranial pressure, or both. In each of the two cases presented, acute basilar artery occlusion was seen on computed tomography with angiography.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: When presented with acute decline in mental status and anisocoria, early clinicalsuspicion of an acute basilar artery occlusion is crucial in diagnosing and managing these patients<br>with debilitating acute posterior stroke. Time-sensitive interventions such as thrombolytics and mechanical thrombectomy can be lifesaving.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "anisocoria" }, { "word": "altered mental status" }, { "word": "basilar artery occlusion" }, { "word": "posterior stroke" } ], "section": "Case Series", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bp46915", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ryu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bay Shore, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Karizma", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chhabra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bay Shore, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "George", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bay Shore, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kasparov", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bay Shore, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mohamed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wali", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bay Shore, New York", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "South Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bay Shore, New York", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-28T16:15:02.348000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-25T09:21:03.227000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-23T23:20:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/48350/galley/40132/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52936, "title": "Primary Myelofibrosis Presenting with New Staghorn Calculus", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Visual Diagnosis Pearl", "is_remote": false, "remote_url": null, "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "Edwin", "last_name": "Lazarus", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Ramya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Malchira", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Tyler", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Larsen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-23T12:11:01.483000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-09-23T12:15:15.572000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-23T12:16:24.223000-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [] }, { "pk": 47336, "title": "Performance of African Bush Elephants (<em>Loxodonta Africana</em>) on a Cooperative Task", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Several species have demonstrated the ability to cooperate with conspecifics in a lab or zoological setting. The present study sought to replicate previous research (Plotnik et al., 2011) in which pairs of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) had to simultaneously pull on the ends of a rope in order to bring food rewards within reach. The initial study was conducted in a free-contact setting with Asian elephants, whereas the present study was conducted under a protected-contact management program with ZooTampa at Lowry Park’s herd of six African bush elephants (Loxodonta africana). Trials were deemed successful if the sled was pulled to a distance where both elephants were able to access food that was resting on the sled. Overall, 15 different pairings were tested on the rope-pulling cooperative task while released simultaneously (non-delayed trials). All but one pairing quickly learned that a form of cooperation was necessary to complete the task successfully (p < .05). After non-delayed trials were complete, trials were run with a five-second delay interval for one of the two elephants to assess the elephants’ understanding of the role of a partner in the cooperative task (delayed trials). Four elephants were faced with the decision of waiting for their partner to arrive before pulling their end of the rope, of which two juvenile elephants successfully waited for their partner. This study contributes to the literature of cognition across the elephant taxon. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Elephant" }, { "word": "cognition" }, { "word": "Zoo" }, { "word": "enrichment" }, { "word": "Cooperation" } ], "section": "Research Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dm1z30r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kaitlyn", "middle_name": "Rose", "last_name": "Willgohs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Other", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kayla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fulkerson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Przystawik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Christi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reiter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Mike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burns", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Madeline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ketner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Highfill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-05-02T14:39:15.896000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-14T16:29:18.970000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-23T09:52:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Willgohs_Proof", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47336/galley/38851/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Willgohs_Proof", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uclapsych_ijcp/article/47336/galley/38851/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52826, "title": "Volume 12", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Volume 12 - The Undergraduate Research Journal of Psychology at UCLA</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Full Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4k5683zk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Undergraduate Research Journal of Psychology", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "at UCLA", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCLA", "department": "Psychology" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-12T20:25:49.455000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-09-12T20:40:09.236000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-23T00:08:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/urjpucla/article/52826/galley/39918/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/urjpucla/article/52826/galley/39918/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/urjpucla/article/52826/galley/39928/download/" }, { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/urjpucla/article/52826/galley/39929/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43480, "title": "Emergency Department Wait Times for Urgent Evaluation by Race, Ethnicity, and Language: A Single-center Retrospective Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Black and Hispanic patients, and patients with a preferred language other than English experience longer emergency department (ED) wait times and delays in treatment. We aimed to evaluate racial, ethnic, and language-based differences in wait times to see a physician and get a disposition, as well as in the rates of objective vs subjective urgent evaluations.</p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study of all ED visits in our tertiary-care, academic medical center from July 2021–June 2023. Using electronic health record data, we compared time-to- physician, physician-to-decision times, and frequency of triggers (urgent evaluations based on objective criteria) and priority assessments (urgent evaluations that can be based on subjective perception of patient acuity) by race, ethnicity, and preferred language. We used logistic regression, controlling for age, Emergency Severity Index, and sex to compare differences in trigger rates.</p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> We included 93,728 patient encounters in this study. Black patients had a median time-to-physician of 31 minutes compared to 24 minutes for White patients (adjusted median difference (aMD) 3.2, 95% CI 2.4-3.9]) and a median physician-to-decision time of 228 minutes compared to 213 for White patients (aMD 15.0, 95% CI 12.0-17.9). Hispanic patients had a median time to physician of 31 (aMD compared to White patients = 3.4, 95% CI 2.4-3.9) and a median physician-to-decision time of 233 minutes (aMD compared to White patients 21.3, 95% CI 17.5-25.2). Patients with a preferred language other than English had a median time-to-physician of 33 minutes compared to 25 in English-preferring patients (aMD 4.6, 95% CI 3.7-5.6) and a median physician-to-decision time of 234 compared to 214 minutes for English-preferring patients (aMD 17.1, 95% CI 13.6-20.7). Black patients were less likely to have a trigger activated relative to White patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.88, 95% CI 0.82-0.95). Black patients (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67-0.77), Hispanic/Latino patients (aOR 0.78, 95% CI 0.71-0.86), and non-English-preferring patients (aOR 0.85, 95%CI 0.78-0.92) were less likely to have a priority assessment called compared to White patients.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Black, Hispanic, and patients who prefer non-English language experience delays in time-to-physician and physician-to-decision time. Black patients are less likely to have triggers activated. Black, Hispanic, and patients who prefer non-English language are less likely to have priority assessments activated compared to White patients. These findings underscore the need to develop additional mechanisms for mitigating biases in the triage process.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "racial disparities" }, { "word": "language disparities" }, { "word": "Social EM" }, { "word": "triage disparities" }, { "word": "implicit bias" }, { "word": "wait times" } ], "section": "Health Equity", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q98n7vr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jossie", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Carreras Tartak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anne", "middle_name": "V.", "last_name": "Grossestreuer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-11T23:19:17.385000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-30T15:27:44.970000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-20T12:12:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/43480/galley/39998/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 38466, "title": "Prior Outpatient Care Use in Emergency Department Patients with Low- and High-acuity Conditions in Germany", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> The key role of emergency departments (ED) is to treat severe and life-threatening cases. A rise in ED visits, particularly for low-acuity conditions, places a burden on resources which may hinder efficient care for high-acuity conditions. We investigated the association between previous outpatient healthcare services use and low-acuity visits in EDs in Germany. </p>\n<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We analyzed data from the Initiative for Emergency Department Evaluation and Data Collection project, with 454,747 ED visits by 353,926 patients collected from 16 EDs in Germany in 2016. We included a subset of 228,753 (64.6%) patients with 299,914 (66.0%) visits from 12 of the participating EDs for which outpatient care data was available. We categorized ED presentations into low- or high-acuity based on transportation to the ED, triage category, hospital admission status, and intrahospital mortality. By merging patient hospital records with outpatient billing information, we assessed outpatient care utilization prior to ED visits. Using a generalized mixed-effects model, we investigated the relationship between acuity level and outpatient care utilization, adjusting for age, sex, and type of residential area. </p>\n<p><strong>Results:</strong> Low-acuity patients were considerably younger than high-acuity (mean age ± standard deviation: 45 ±19 vs 58 ±21 years) and used outpatient services less often within 10 days prior to their ED visit: 40.6% vs 49.5%. Key associations for low-acuity ED visits included younger age (per 10-year categories: adjusted odds ratios 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.72-0.73), urban residence (1.17; 1.13-1.22), and timing of the last outpatient contact. Longer durations since the last outpatient contact were associated with a higher likelihood of presenting to the ED with low-acuity symptoms. Compared to patients who visited their primary care physician (PCP) shortly before their ED visit, those with PCP contact 1-6 months (1.22; 1.19-1.25) and over six months prior (1.33; 1.26-1.41) were more likely to present with low-acuity conditions. </p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> While almost half of both low- and high-acuity patient groups utilized outpatient services prior to the ED visit, low-acuity patients were generally younger and had fewer such contacts. The majority had accessed both primary care and the ED, challenging the assumption that low-acuity patients routinely bypass outpatient care before seeking emergency services. This raises the question of what limitations or unaddressed needs in outpatient care drive these patients to seek subsequent care in the ED. More research is needed to explore the structural and systemic factors influencing low-acuity ED visits. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emergency department" }, { "word": "routine data" }, { "word": "cross-sectoral data analysis" }, { "word": "low-acuity" }, { "word": "low-acuity conditions" }, { "word": "outpatient care" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60h55884", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yves Noel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Berlin, Germany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Möckel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Berlin, Germany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Dörte", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huscher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Berlin, Germany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Antje", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fischer-Rosinsky", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Berlin, Germany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Keil", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; State Institute of Health I, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Slagman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Emergency and Acute Medicine (CVK, CCM), Berlin, Germany", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-11-05T09:19:29.753000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-09T19:25:00.200000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-20T09:02:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/38466/galley/39993/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47252, "title": "Unilateral Upper Extremity Paralysis Secondary to Hypokalemia and Fasting: A Case Report", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Paralysis from hypokalemia commonly presents with generalized weakness; however, in rare cases it may present with unilateral or focal symptoms. Unilateral paralysis in hypokalemia is particularly challenging due to its mimicry of central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as ischemic stroke. Patients often undergo extensive and costly neuroimaging before a metabolic etiology is recognized.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>A 19-year-old male presented to the emergency department reporting an abrupt onset of inability to hold things in his right hand. He denied any precipitating factors but did note that he was fasting for the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. On exam, the patient was seen to have absent grip strength in the right hand. The patient’s metabolic panel showed hypokalemia with a potassium of 2.4 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) (reference range: 3.5 to 5.2 mmol/L). Following neurology consultation, we determined that the patient’s focal weakness was secondary to hypokalemia, possibly triggered by his fasting. The patient was given potassium chloride 120 milliequivalents by mouth, and repeat potassium had increased to 3.2 mmol/L. The patient was re-evaluated and reported that his symptoms had completely resolved.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Cases of focal weakness due to hypokalemia can occur. Primary CNS causes should be ruled out prior to making the diagnosis. Treatment should be focused on potassium repletion<br>and avoidance of triggers. If hypokalemic periodic paralysis is a concern, neurology follow-up should be arranged for definitive diagnosis with electromyography</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "case report" }, { "word": "Hypokalemia" }, { "word": "Paralysis" }, { "word": "unilateral" } ], "section": "Case Reports", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gm2k1bw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Adler", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wayne State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shelbaya", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCormick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Wayne State University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, Michigan", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-04-16T10:35:20.881000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-25T17:01:08.070000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-16T00:45:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/47252/galley/40147/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50724, "title": "Coda", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>A coda to the special issue. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Afterword to the Special Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53r1g4g8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Claire", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Kramsch", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-08-21T18:59:24.856000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-08-21T19:00:08.813000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:57:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/50724/galley/39901/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/50724/galley/39901/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43953, "title": "Multilingual Rebellion: A Decolonial Approach to the Subjectivity of Language", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Building on Kramsch’s body of work on the subjectivity of language, together with her more recent work on the decolonialisation of applied linguistics, this article discusses the implications of challenging the unequal power relationships and coloniality of language (Kramsch et al., 2023). This decolonial approach will be further expanded by drawing on the notion of “linguistic encirclement” (Wa Thiong’o, 1981, 1986), which will highlight the oppression of linguistic and cultural minorities and their knowledges. The discussion on decolonising through language will centre on the positionality of the researcher. Firstly, the notion of ‘the “locus of enunciation” will introduce how the subjectivity of the researcher can be amplified and foregrounded. Secondly, autoethnography will be presented as a methodology of decoloniality that allows the researcher to be congruent with such a decentring approach to language that challenges and restores inequalities of power through multilingual resistance. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "subjectivity" }, { "word": "coloniality" }, { "word": "Linguistic encirclement" }, { "word": "Symbolic Power" }, { "word": "Catalan" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3x42k5gk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ros i Sole", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Goldsmiths, University of London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-27T11:51:31.299000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-03T09:25:31.604000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:56:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43953/galley/39853/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43953/galley/38567/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43953/galley/39853/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 43567, "title": "Beyond Multilingual Advocacy: Subjectivity and Affect as Method", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This paper considers how Claire Kramsch’s work on subjectivity and language learning contributes to a critique of multilingual advocacy, in which linguistics’ efforts of social engagement tend to focus on sites of inequality characterized by structural linguistic difference ideologically attributed to racialized and minoritized communities. While much criticism has been raised against this tendency, this paper argues that Kramsch’s focus on multilingualism as subjective experience not only offers a resource for undoing dominant language ideologies of the discipline, but also provides a concrete alternative basis for the field’s social engagement, via the way it foregrounds the affective, material, and political realities of being a multilingual speaker. Drawing upon recent works in other disciplines that have been actively turning to affect as a way of rethinking hegemonic epistemologies, this paper suggests considering affect as method, which allows our affects, particularly those of discomfort, anxiety, and unease, to guide us in our engagement with injustices, inequalities, and oppressive relations that are deeply embedded within and shaped by our subjectivities.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "multilingual advocacy" }, { "word": "Affect" }, { "word": "Social Transformation" }, { "word": "subjectivity" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xw773nb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joseph", "middle_name": "Sung-Yul", "last_name": "Park", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "National University of Singapore", "department": "English, Linguistics, and Theatre Studies" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-25T04:25:20.105000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-07-12T15:07:42.487000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:55:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43567/galley/39854/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43567/galley/38576/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/43567/galley/39854/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42024, "title": "Construire sans relâche un habitus de la pluralité", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>How do researchers in the humanities and social sciences collaborate when each of them belongs to different linguistic, academic, and ideological spaces? This situation highlights those who dare to tread more transgressive paths than suggested by the term 'international collaboration', which is inherently prestigious scientifically. The article pays tribute to the figure of the border passer represented by Claire Kramsch.</p>\n<p>While it is generally assumed that research must be disseminated in English, this article sheds light on the underlying theoretical assumptions behind this imperative and critically examines them within a field—didactique des langues in French or applied linguistics in English—that places linguistic plurality at the heart of its inquiry. Drawing on two academic contexts, one rooted in the European, specifically the French, tradition, and the other situated within the Anglophone academic sphere, this article seeks to unpack the processes involved when one consciously works in the “in-between” of languages, making explicit the inevitable gaps or reinterpretations which such work entails.</p>", "language": "fra", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46k904mh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Geneviève", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zarate", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "INALCO", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-23T13:17:08.835000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-17T21:41:51.884000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:48:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42024/galley/39852/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42024/galley/39852/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46509, "title": "An Awful Lot of this and an Awful Lot of That: Symbolic, Poetic and Permacultural Competences for a Maximal Multilingual World", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Taking Kramsch’s characterization of language pedagogy (1993, p.12) as its point of departure, this article offers symbolic, poetic and permaculture design principles as an ideologically restorative way of transforming a “little bit of this and a little bit of that” into a holistic, ethical framework which begins from the frameworks established by Indigenous cultivation of the land and codified into permaculture design principles by Holmgren and Mollison (Holmgren, 2017; Mollison, 1988; Whitefield, 2004). In addition, the article offers a view of UNESCO’s Languages Matter: Global Guidance on Multilingual Education, for which I have been a key author and from which the connections to the multilingual and ecological fields have been set. Drawing extensively on project work in the global majority world (aka Global South and Indigenous Peoples as well as those forcibly displaced) and from work with people seeking refuge through languages and arts, the article will demonstrate the enduring power of Kramsch’s tonal style and conceptual traction. As such the article contributes to discussions of multilingual activism and Indigenous reconciliation.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "symbolic competence" }, { "word": "Poetics" }, { "word": "permaculture" }, { "word": "multilingualsim" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88h8x6bh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alison", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Phipps", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Glasgow", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-02-28T16:08:28.515000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-16T11:56:17.069000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:47:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/46509/galley/39900/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/46509/galley/38577/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/46509/galley/39900/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41501, "title": "Metaphors We \"Language\" By", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>In recent decades, language education research has broadened its scope to examine personal perceptions of language(s), and different methodological approaches have developed to give voice to these perceptions. Seeing our relationship to language learning as an ever-evolving project of engagement (an autobiographical identity project) helps us to think differently about what motivates people to learn languages. First-person perspectives also highlight cultural patterns in our perceptions of different languages, and how these perceptions are shaped by politics and ideology. One way to challenge the view of languages as fixed or discrete systems is to look at how people use metaphors to describe and understand languages and their learning of them. In this article, I draw on Kramsch’s (2009) concept of the multilingual subject to offer a personal reflection on how my own view of learning has changed, namely from seeing it as a process of individual skill building to understanding learning as something shaped by emotions, relationships, and personal and cultural narratives that unfold over time. This framing of subjectivity encourages us to see “language” as a verb, a form of social practice that is ever shifting and shaping our ways of being in and acting on the world. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Conceptual metaphor" }, { "word": "creative pedagogies" }, { "word": "intercultural cognition" }, { "word": "metaphor; Kramsch" }, { "word": "Interculturality" }, { "word": "Kramsch" }, { "word": "Metaphor" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bj6697x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Coffey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "King's College London", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2024-12-17T11:44:39.997000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-10T10:30:58.998000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:45:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41501/galley/39851/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41501/galley/36439/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley Aug 25", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41501/galley/38781/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41501/galley/39851/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 42226, "title": "Educating the Multilingual Subject", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>One strand of Claire Kramsch’s work has been a deep reflection on what it means to be multilingual. Kramsch has argued that being multilingual involves subjective and symbolic dimensions of engagement with languages, cultures and interlocutors that have often been ignored in much language education practice. This article will reflect on the consequences of this thinking for language education and the ways that it has in turn expanded the scope and understanding of language instruction. It will consider what it means to posit the language learner as a multilingual subject living and communicating in and between languages and cultures and negotiating identities, as well as how the teaching and learning of another culturally contextualized language can be designed with reference to the developing multilingual subject.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "multilingual subject" }, { "word": "intercultural language teaching and learning" }, { "word": "language education" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x98z3tb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anthony", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Liddicoat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Warwick", "department": "Applied Linguistics" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-30T06:16:28.591000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-04-10T13:18:25.303000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:43:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42226/galley/39480/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42226/galley/36535/download/" }, { "label": "Galley final aug 25", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42226/galley/38783/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/42226/galley/39480/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41209, "title": "Transcultural Competence and Empathy in Language Education: Imagining the Unimaginable", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The 2007 MLA report offered guidelines and competencies for foreign language majors at American universities in the age of globalization. The notion of translingual and transcultural competence suggests that today’s foreign language education is not merely a matter of language acquisition, but humanistic learning. The ultimate goal for foreign language learners should be to gain alternative ways of seeing the world, namely, “imagining the unimaginable” (Ozick, 1987). This underscores the central importance of empathy in foreign language education. Yet the true challenge lies in how to assess such an abstract concept. Even eighteen years since its initial publication, the report remains highly relevant, especially today, as we witness cultural, ideological, political and socio-economic divisions and the accompanying conflicts rooted in a failure to imagine the perspective of “others.” </p>\n<p>This paper explores a new approach to assessing learners’ transcultural competence, focusing on the role of empathy in understanding the cultural “other.” Discourse analyses of two student final papers were conducted and compared, drawing on poststructuralist theories and a sociolinguistic analytical framework. The results show that one student constructed an imagined Japanese “other” through a process of projection and initiated an empathetic dialogue beyond time and space, whereas the other inadvertently reproduced an Orientalist discourse by negatively stereotyping Japanese people, culture and society. This study advocates for discourse analysis as an effective formative tool for assessing and improving existing syllabi and curricula. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Empathy" }, { "word": "discourse analysis" }, { "word": "transcultural competence" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3xq5q7sh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michiko", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uryu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "San Jose State University", "department": "World Languages & Literatures" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-15T20:07:56.105000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-16T10:40:29.120000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:04:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41209/galley/39479/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41209/galley/36968/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41209/galley/38777/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41209/galley/39479/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41556, "title": "Fostering Symbolic Competence by Integrating Linguistic Landscapes into the Chinese L2 Curriculum ", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>To help language learners navigate the complexities of communication in today’s multilingual world, Kramsch (2009) calls for the development of symbolic competence, a capacity that extends beyond linguistic accuracy and fluency. Symbolic competence enables learners to critically examine how language reflects and reinforces social hierarchies, ideologies, and cultural norms. It also empowers them to negotiate meaning across languages and cultures, while reflecting on how language shapes both their own identities and those of others.</p>\n<p>Linguistic Landscapes (LL), the visual and textual representations of language in public spaces, offer a practical and powerful means of fostering symbolic competence. Building on this theoretical foundation, this report presents a classroom project that integrates LL into the Chinese L2 curriculum. It outlines the project’s design and implementation, showcases examples of student analyses, and evaluates learning outcomes. The report demonstrates how incorporating LL into language instruction can bridge classroom learning with real-world contexts, equipping students to engage critically and meaningfully with linguistic and cultural diversity.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "symbolic competence" }, { "word": "Linguistic landscapes" }, { "word": "Multilingual individual" }, { "word": "Meaning-making practice" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74d6h3ng", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lihua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-02T16:26:39.308000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-06-26T09:55:03.996000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:02:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41556/galley/39477/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Galley v1", "type": "other", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41556/galley/38566/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41556/galley/39477/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 41823, "title": "Ten Moments in Symbolic Competence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Symbolic Competence (SC) has emerged as one of the key intellectual and critical contributions from Claire Kramsch’s five decades of published research so far, though we scholars and teachers still hesitate at times to apply it in our analyses of practical, multilingual settings. This essay takes the opportunity to reflect personally on the concept, and on how the complex features it illuminates in everyday life have shaped the author’s own formation in various dimensions. The piece takes as its particular inspiration Kramsch’s 2023 “Poetic Equivalence: Key to the Development of Symbolic Competence” as a model for self-reflection, historical contextualization, for its rigorous, fresh understanding of what “symbolic” does and doesn’t mean in everyday, multilingual life, and—to use a Kramschian turn of phrase—for articulating “why it matters.” </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "symbolic competence" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1fp5j5dz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gramling", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-01-12T19:41:55.456000-05:00", "date_accepted": "2025-05-30T11:20:37.033000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T18:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41823/galley/39476/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/41823/galley/39476/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 50783, "title": "Introduction to the Special Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Claire Kramsch has a long and distinguished career in the field of applied linguistics. This is not the first and nor will it be the last occasion to honour her contribution to the field of language education and applied linguistics more broadly. Yet we are pleased nonetheless to present this collection of essays which pay tribute to the reach of Claire’s scholarship. Claire has authored many texts that serve as key references in intercultural and multilingual research and has developed several seminal concepts that have guided generations of teachers’ and researchers’ thinking and practice. The aim of this special issue is to celebrate Claire’s influence through the voices of a range of scholars whose professional trajectory she has influenced. As well as being an outstanding scholar, Claire’s personable character and lucid, fresh manner of articulation have won her the admiration and affection of all those who have worked alongside her in different capacities, whether as students, colleagues, co-authors, or collaborators. </p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Preface and Introduction to the Special Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rz8k760", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Coffey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "King's College London", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Hua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "IOE, UCL", "department": "Culture, Communication and Media" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-08-28T17:13:51.267000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-08-28T17:14:25.433000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T17:59:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/50783/galley/39478/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Final Galley", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/50783/galley/38843/download/" }, { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/50783/galley/39478/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52073, "title": "Preface to the Special Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>In this preface, the General Editors present the special issue, \"Multilingual and intercultural perspectives in language learning: Essays in honour of Claire Kramsch,\" edited by Simon Coffey and Zhu Hua.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Preface and Introduction to the Special Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/64k7j8kj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hellmich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Kimberly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vinall", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Berkeley", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-11T15:35:03.309000-04:00", "date_accepted": "2025-09-11T15:57:52.523000-04:00", "date_published": "2025-09-15T17:58:00-04:00", "render_galley": { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/52073/galley/39856/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "Final Galley 092025", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/52073/galley/39856/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52871, "title": "Acknowledgments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Conservation Lands Fund thanks those who helped with this special issue of Parks Stewardship Forum.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3q76n2t9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Conservation Lands Foundation", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52871/galley/39889/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52880, "title": "A Memoir of the Origins and Evolution of the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Program, and the Value of UNESCO Programs to the World Today", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A memoir of the career of Vernon C. (Tom) Gilbert, who played a key role in developing the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization's Man and the Biosphere Program.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jh1745x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Groves", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Western Kentucky University", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Vernon", "middle_name": "C. (Tom)", "last_name": "Gilbert", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "NPS (retired)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52880/galley/39898/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52860, "title": "Artful Adventures: Connecting People to National Conservation Lands through the BLM Artist-in-Residence Program", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "As ancient petroglyphs and pictographs of animals, plants, and objects demonstrate, art has long connected people to nature. The BLM’s Artist-in-Residence Program continues in this tradition by connecting people to the resources of public lands administered by BLM through the power of artistic expression. Whether a musical tour of several locations, like D’DAT’s, or a painter’s individual work at one site, the program “offers opportunities for painters, photographers, potters, sculptors and other artists to promote deeper understanding of, and dialogue about, the significance of natural, cultural, and historic resources on public lands managed by the BLM—including the National Landscape Conservation System.” All the artists are volunteers, receiving no financial compensation from BLM for their time and creations.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5p7625nb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Shine", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM (retired)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52860/galley/39878/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52856, "title": "Bureau of Land Management Conservation Lands and BLM’s Future", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This essay addresses the past and future of the federal Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Although the least known of the four principal US federal land management agencies, it looks after the largest amount of land, about 250 million acres. Almost all are in the West and in Alaska, as shown on the following map. A growing proportion are stewarded primarily to preserve and allow the general public to enjoy their scenery, wildlife, and historic and other cultural values (hence the “Conservation Lands” of the title). Part One provides a capsule history of how this all came about, focusing first on the events leading up to BLM’s establishment in 1946, and then on the events leading up to the present. In Part Two, I assess current trends and what they suggest about the future of these BLM National Conservation Lands.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gw141xs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Leshy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "DOI (retired)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52856/galley/39874/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52861, "title": "Collaborative Management of Bears Ears National Monument: Perspectives from the Bears Ears Inter-Tribal Coalition", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An account of the development and activities of the Bears Ears Inter-Tribal Coalition.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wx490gv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hillary", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Hoffmann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Vermont Law & Graduate School", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Charissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miijessepe-Wilson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Bears Ears Inter-Tribal Coalition", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52861/galley/39879/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52854, "title": "Conservation for the 21st Century, BLM Style", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A short history and analysis of the evolution of BLM's mission to include conservation.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72r96436", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heinlein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52854/galley/39906/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52850, "title": "Cover, Masthead, and Table of Contents PSF Vol. 41 no. 3", "subtitle": null, "abstract": null, "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Cover, Masthead, and Table of Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dp1b762", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCB/GWS", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52850/galley/39905/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52858, "title": "Diverse Lands and Designations Make Up National Conservation Lands: An Interview with Carin Freebird, Peter Keller, Britta Nelson, and Barb Keleher", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "These national monuments, wilderness areas, wild and scenic rivers, and national scenic and historic trails (NSHTs) are all administered through programs under BLM’s National Landscape Conservation System, also known as the National Conservation Lands. In 2025, we are celebrating the 25th anniversary of this unique system of BLM’s crown jewels. In the following stories, you’ll read about each of these four programs as told by BLM’s recent national program leaders for these inspiring landscapes.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vq065q3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bev", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Winston", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM (retired)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52858/galley/39876/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52867, "title": "Everyone Needs Friends", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Friends Grassroots Network—established and sustained by the Conservation Lands Foundation, whose mission is to protect, restore, and expand the National Conservation Lands—is made up of just over 80 non-profit organizations. This article spotlights a few of them.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0s10s92s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Charlotte", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Overby", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Conservation Lands Foundation", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52867/galley/39885/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52876, "title": "From Mussel Shoals to Muscle Shoals: Interpreting the History of Power Generation on the Tennessee River", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This essay explores how Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area (MSNHA) interprets the energy history of the Tennessee River in northwest Alabama. Additionally, it considers how MSNHA—and other national heritage areas across the country—can help guide the interpretation of the human history and environmental consequences of power generation, while also helping apply the lessons learned from past power projects to future endeavors.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9g332738", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carolyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barske Crawford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Alabama", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52876/galley/39894/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52852, "title": "“Here Is Your Country”: An Evangelical Perspective on Parks and Public Lands Stewardship", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Reflections from a two-month road trip through national parks and other public lands in the American West.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Points of View", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0z71b0d6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tori", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goebel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Evangelical Environmental Network", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52852/galley/39871/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52873, "title": "History & Hope for Climate Action: Illuminating the Role of Energy in National Parks", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Every NPS site faces the realities of climate change’s impacts and has an enduring responsibility to communicate about climate change with the public. However, some sites struggle with this mandate, as interpreters find it difficult to identify relevant connections between climate change and their park story. Others forego storytelling in favor of a “just the facts” approach, which is often insufficient for expanding visitor perspectives. To help bridge this communication gap, Graves and Villano developed History & Hope for Climate Action: An Interpretive Toolkit with support from NPS’s Climate Change Response Program and the Cultural Resources Office of Interpretation and Education. This essay will explore three NPS examples that can interpret the unseen threads of energy and connect them to climate change using the History & Hope framework. First, we will show how the historic house of a prominent American leader can be used to illustrate the growing separation of energy production and consumption at the turn of the 20th century. This separation has made energy sources largely invisible to most people today. Next, we will examine how energy is intertwined with the way people travel, recreate, and experience parks through the development of “Mission 66” infrastructure in the NPS. The initiative had long-lasting consequences, embedding fossil fuel-based transit into park visitation to this day. Finally, we’ll explore the unintended consequences of World War II (WWII) mobilization, when the need to organize the nation as an “arsenal for democracy” led to increasing use of fossil fuels that persisted and grew throughout the post-war era.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gw3t9qz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Claire", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Donna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Graves", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Villano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52873/galley/39891/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52872, "title": "Interpreting Energy at Historic Sites and Museums to Inspire Climate Action", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An introduction to the following set of theme papers in this issue of Parks Stewardship Forum, “Interpreting Energy at Historic Sites and Museums to Inspire Climate Action,” which provide examples of how to connect past energy use patterns and attitudes to new ones that are more responsive to the challenges of climate change.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94f8g1kv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Leah", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Glaser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Central Connecticut State University", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52872/galley/39890/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52862, "title": "“It is the Very Thing that Defines Me”: Hunting and Fishing on BLM Lands", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The author shares his deep connections to hunting and fishing traditions on public lands in the American West.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0465v1sx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Garrett", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "VeneKlasen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "New Mexico Wilderness Alliance", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52862/galley/39880/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52863, "title": "It Takes a Village to Inspire a National Monument", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Local organizations in Las Cruces and surrounding Doña Ana County, New Mexico, have nurtured and promoted the positive economic benefits of Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks National Monument (OMDP) as a way to actively foster a broader cross-societal appreciation for and stewardship of National Conservation Lands. Since the designation of OMDP in 2014, this region has served as a national example of collaborations between conservation groups, local businesses and governments, non-profit organizations, and tourism agencies. These partnerships serve multiple purposes of education, conservation, tourism, and outreach. Economic studies regarding OMDP’s designation conducted in 2013 and again in 2023 (BBC Research & Consulting 2013, 2023) illustrated the potential and actual positive economic impacts, respectively, to the area around OMDP. The result of “thoughtful stewardship” by local businesses, coordinated marketing, creative events like “Monuments to Main Street” month, educational hikes with under-served communities, and public relation campaigns in different parts of the country increased community appreciation and non-local visitation and spending. The resulting sense of community ownership increased involvement with the Bureau of Land Management and in turn strengthened partnerships and conversations about the stewardship of our public lands.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51t584fc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carrie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hamblen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Las Cruces Green Chamber of Commerce", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52863/galley/39881/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52868, "title": "Many Hands Make for Improved Stewardship", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This article highlights the importance partnerships have brought to the National Conservation Lands system through a series of vignettes from partners, like the Conservation Lands Foundation and our 80-plus network of local organizations called the Friends Grassroots Network, who work with each of the system’s programs. The vignettes honor a fundamental organizing principle the Conservation Lands Foundation’s founders held: that meaningful stewardship and enduring protections within National Conservation Lands can only be achieved when there is broad local support for sound conservation decisions.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7hn5t2zd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jocelyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Torres", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Conservation Lands Foundation", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52868/galley/39886/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52870, "title": "National Conservation Lands: Connecting Landscapes and Serving Communities", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The author relates how her experiences on public lands have been a fundamentally important part of her life.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88z7t1m2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Haley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Freeborn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado Parks and Wildlife", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52870/galley/39888/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52878, "title": "Our Job Is To Show Them Why: Environmental Justice and Energy History at Whitney Plantation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This article is an interview with Ashley Rogers, executive director of Whitney Plantation. Whitney Plantation is the only plantation museum in Louisiana with an exclusive focus on the story of slavery. The museum is located on 200 acres of a former sugar, indigo, and rice plantation that operated from 1752–1975. Whitney Plantation is now a non-profit museum that preserves over a dozen historic structures, many of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Whitney Plantation Historic District. I asked Rogers to give an interview for this issue of Parks Stewardship Forum because Whitney Plantation is a multi-phase energy story, with compelling climate and environmental justice themes.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pk2z8t4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aislinn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pentecost-Farren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52878/galley/39896/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52864, "title": "Outdoor Recreation in the National Conservation Lands: “Can’t Live With It and Can’t Live Without It”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper examines the historic role and place of outdoor recreation in the National Landscape Conservation System (now called the National Conservation Lands) and how these lands can coexist with the growing demand for outdoor recreation. We will explore why this critical 21st-century conservation system needs to continue to provide diverse outdoor recreation opportunities, and why sustainable outdoor recreation needs the National Conservation Lands.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tb7r045", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ratcliffe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM (retired)", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Stewart", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Allen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52864/galley/39882/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52881, "title": "Palestinian Village", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A poem in the \"Verse in Place\" section of Parks Stewardship Forum.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Verse in Place", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z95g678", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Mosab", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abu Toha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52881/galley/39899/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52857, "title": "Preserving Great Landscapes of the American West: Hispanics and Native Americans Lend Wisdom to, Advocacy for National Conservation Lands", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This essay, drawn from a forthcoming book, offers case studies of Hispanic and Native American advocacy for landscape-scale conservation in a new, culturally inclusive approach that includes both co-management and co-stewardship.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m77g6s9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gulliford", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Fort Lewis State College", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52857/galley/39875/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52875, "title": "Rekindling the Flame: The History of the Kent Iron Furnace and a New Interpretive Perspective", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Nearly a million visitors flock to northwestern Connecticut each year to enjoy the natural wonders of autumn leaf peeping excursions, spend a snowy winter day on the ski slopes, or simply soak in the rural charm. Unfortunately, many visitors never know that in the not-so-distant past, the area had a much different aesthetic than the bucolic hills and densely forested river valley they experience today. If we were to turn the clock back a little over 100 years, visitors to the region would experience an entirely altered landscape, devoid of trees, the air thick with smoke, bustling with the sights and sounds of the number one industry, ironmaking. Today, the only obvious evidence of the industry that once dominated the region is the stone ruins of the iron furnace complexes, which stand like sentinels among the trees. However, if you know where to look, you can find traces of the industry’s impact on the landscape and discover its role in shaping the region as we know it today. One such place can be found in Kent, Connecticut, at the Eric Sloane Museum & Kent Iron Furnace. Here, in this quaint New England town, nestled along the banks of the Housatonic River, a 30-foot granite tower protrudes from the hillside, drawing the attention of curiosity seekers and history enthusiasts alike. While the structure is a unique historic landmark, its history, interpretation, and preservation have undergone many changes since the last furnace fires were extinguished in 1892. Since 1969, the Eric Sloane Museum, as part of the Connecticut State Historic Preservation Office, has worked to promote and preserve the furnace and its history. Recently, the museum embarked on a new approach to rekindle interest in the Kent Iron Furnace and northwestern Connecticut’s industrial history.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vb7n6bf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rowand", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Connecticut State Historic Preservation Office", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52875/galley/39893/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52859, "title": "Revealing the Under-Appreciated Values of BLM Lands: A Photographer’s Journey", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This article discusses my own journey of photography of BLM lands, followed by an essay of photos that I have taken that highlight the history of growing conservation designations on bureau lands, their unique niche and management challenges among federally protected lands, and examples of the power of photos in inspiring and motivating visitors and constituents.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rm8g6gk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM (retired)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52859/galley/39877/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52865, "title": "Scientific Opportunities in the National Landscape Conservation System", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The National Landscape Conservation System consists of unique and beautiful places across America’s landscapes where identified resources and values are protected and science is highlighted. The mission of the National Landscape Conservation System (NLCS), which is managed by the Bureau of Land Management and is often referred to as the agency’s National Conservation Lands, is to conserve, protect, and restore nationally significant landscapes for their cultural, ecological, and scientific values. This clear inclusion of science in the NLCS mission sets the stage for individual units to serve as places of learning, teaching, discovery, and innovation. Science is an integral part of managing the National Conservation Lands, and science conducted within and across the more than 900 units that make up the NLCS can inform and influence conservation and public land management well beyond its boundaries. Here, we highlight seven core aspects of National Conservation Lands that present valuable science opportunities: (1) the scientific values for which individual units are designated; (2) the many other resources, objects, and values within units; (3) the value of units as “control” sites for understanding the effects of activities such as mineral extraction that commonly occur elsewhere on multiple-use public lands but are often prohibited within National Conservation Lands; (4) the value of units for studying the effects of activities such as recreation that regularly occur and may be intensified on National Conservation Lands; (5) the high visibility of units, which draws strong interest and engagement from scientists, partners, and the public; (6) the functioning of the units as a network managed for a common purpose, which provides an opportunity to explore cross-cutting science questions across widely varying contexts and geographies; and (7) the opportunities units provide to promote and apply Indigenous Knowledge to scientific research to manage natural and cultural resources. Because of all of these characteristics, National Conservation Lands can serve as hubs for basic and applied science that can inform management of all public lands and resources into the future. We highlight these science opportunities through examples from existing units and suggest two actions that could help further science activities and impact on National Conservation Lands.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t48h5wp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Carter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "USGS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Whipple", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "USGS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Jordan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "USGS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Nicole", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Herman-Mercer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "USGS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Robin", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Lewis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Karen", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Prentice", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Zachary", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Bowen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "USGS", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Frederick", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Klasner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52865/galley/39883/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52855, "title": "The Big Picture: Achieving Landscape-scale Conservation on Public Lands", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This paper examines the long-term, very-American pattern of participatory conservation involving public lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) as part of large landscapes in the West. Conservation outcomes have become common, shared goals publicly expressed and supported through designations, as well as protection and restoration efforts. With varying degrees of success, communities of caring people have been the driving force underlying conservation.</p>", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s22f8nv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Muller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Jim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kenna", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "BLM (retired)", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52855/galley/39873/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52874, "title": "The Chief Vann House: Recognizing Sustainable Architecture from Historic Cultures", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A description and analysis of how interpretation at Chief Vann House The Vann House site’s dual shift in interpretation—to include the experiences of enslaved people, and call attention to historical energy-efficient building design—opens a treasure trove of narratives and stories that were almost lost to American history, to the detriment of our society. When recognizing the craftsmanship and accomplishments that the working classes or enslaved people brought to these plantation homes, visitors are offered the chance to empathize with and humanize these previously under-appreciated individuals.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kr0x9f3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Irina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garner", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Georgia State Parks", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52874/galley/39892/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52853, "title": "The National Conservation Lands: People, Place, and Possibility", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A welcome and introduction to this special issue of Parks Stewardship Forum commemorating the 25th anniversary of the Bureau of Land Management's National Conservation Lands.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kk323tj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Conservation Lands Foundation", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Bruce", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Babbitt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52853/galley/39872/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 52879, "title": "The National Parks and Geography (book excerpt)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "An excerpt from the book The Parks Belong to the People: The Geography of the National Park System.", "language": "eng", "license": null, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/52d6r02q", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Weber", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Alabama", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Selima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sultana", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of North Carolina Greensboro", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2025-09-15T14:00:00-04:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/52879/galley/39897/download/" } ] } ] }