Article List
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GET /api/articles/?format=api&offset=9000
{ "count": 39502, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=9100", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/articles/?format=api&limit=100&offset=8900", "results": [ { "pk": 54219, "title": "The Great Reversal: How an Influential International Organization Changed Its View on Employment Security, Labor Market Flexibility, and Collective Bargaining", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The claim that labor market flexibility—the lack of regulations and collective bargaining constraints on employers—is essential to maximizing employment, minimizing unemployment, and obtaining growth does not have empirical support. That the claim lacks evidence can be seen by tracing how the market fundamentalist assertions made in the initial OECD Jobs Strategy in 1994 have been reversed by the OECD and by other international financial institutions. The OECD now notes that new evidence “shows that countries with policies and institutions that promote job quality, job quantity, and greater inclusiveness perform better than countries where the focus of policy is predominantly on enhancing market flexibility.” It has also rejected the argument that collective bargaining defends the interest of “insiders” against “outsiders” in the labor market. While OECD reports previously made almost indiscriminate calls for lowering labor standards to increase labor market flexibility, they now caution that irregular work can be a danger.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "OECD, IMF, World Bank, labor market flexibility, labor standards, collective bargaining, trade unions" } ], "section": "B.\tAssessing economic claims in philosophy and employment law", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9591p4ks", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Evans", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Spriggs", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-29T01:34:00+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-29T01:34:00+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-28T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lawandpoliticaleconomy/article/54219/galley/40980/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 54217, "title": "The Persistent Absence of Full Employment: A Critical Flaw in the Legal “Freedom of Contract” Framework", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The “freedom of contract” presumption that employment arrangements negotiated between employers and employees are necessarily optimal exchanges between equal parties willfully ignores the fact that workers rarely enjoy full employment. Without full employment, employers enjoy plentiful access to willing new workers, while employees face difficulties finding alternative jobs. Many groups of workers, particularly Blacks and those without college credentials, have higher-than-average unemployment and never enjoy full employment, even when the aggregate economy is thought to be at full employment. Excessive unemployment matters: when unemployment is high, quitting and the ability to switch jobs diminish, unemployment spells are longer, finding a good job is harder, and, correspondingly, wage growth is subdued for low- and middle-wage workers. Employers, though, are able to fill vacancies with qualified workers more quickly and with less effort. Acknowledging the persistent absence of full employment renders the freedom-of-contract framework a flawed basis for assessing employment relationships.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "freedom of contract, full employment, unequal power, Blacks, Hispanics, college education" } ], "section": "B.\tAssessing economic claims in philosophy and employment law", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0j49c3fc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lawrence", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mishel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-29T01:13:22+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-29T01:13:22+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-28T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lawandpoliticaleconomy/article/54217/galley/40978/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 54215, "title": "The Powerful Role of Unproven Economic Assumptions in Work Law", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Many rules and statutory interpretations in US work law that entrench employers’ power over workers rely on unproven economic assumptions. This article explores three. First, courts assume that the individual employee and employer have relatively equal bargaining power, an assumption often framed and defended within the circular logic of “freedom of contract.” Second, courts assume that the employer’s authority over the enterprise—its managerial prerogative—must be near absolute to promote efficiency in the enterprise and economy. Third, courts assume that the costs of maintaining the status quo of managerial prerogative and an employer’s at-will authority are less than the costs of altering it. Courts use these assumptions to give employers broad rights to terminate employees, to impose arbitration agreements, and to limit worker collective rights.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "employment at will, freedom of contract, balanced power, managerial prerogative, arbitration, noncompete agreements" } ], "section": "A.\tThe economic claims undergirding the equal power presumption in employment law and philosophy", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8n1367cs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tomassetti", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-29T01:07:33+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-29T01:07:33+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-28T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lawandpoliticaleconomy/article/54215/galley/40976/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 54220, "title": "Turnover, Prices, and Reallocation: Why Minimum Wages Raise the Incomes of Low-Wage Workers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The research on the minimum wage contributes insights into claims raised in legal arguments that employers and workers have equal power and that an employer’s management power must be unrestricted lest the firm or the economy suffer. Mandated minimum wages, the conventional argument goes, will force firms to pay a wage higher than the market rate, resulting in job losses and, potentially, bankruptcy. But evidence from minimum wage increases and expansions finds that the policy can improve labor market conditions without causing harmful side effects because of such “channels of adjustment” as reduced worker turnover, consumer price increases, and the reallocation of low-wage workers to higher-paying establishments. In general, employer mandates can increase the prevalence of good jobs. By altering the mix of firms and reallocating workers across them, the minimum wage creates or at least shifts the composition of jobs toward those that are more productive and pay higher wages.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "minimum wage, equal power, employee turnover, worker reallocation, monopsony, low-wage labor market" } ], "section": "B.\tAssessing economic claims in philosophy and employment law", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nz5z03m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zipperer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-29T01:36:22+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-29T01:36:22+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-28T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lawandpoliticaleconomy/article/54220/galley/40981/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 54216, "title": "Worker Mobility in Practice: Is Quitting a Right, or a Luxury?", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Worker mobility—the ability to find and take another job—is at the core of worker power, and, conversely, worker immobility is at the core of employer power. This paper presents evidence of barriers to worker mobility in terms of labor market constraints (can a worker find another job?) and financial constraints (can a worker afford to transition to another job?). The theoretical context of these findings is dynamic monopsony: the harder it is for a worker to leave, the more power an employer has over that worker’s wages.", "language": "en", "license": null, "keywords": [ { "word": "worker mobility, job search, job switching, discrimination, monopsony" } ], "section": "B.\tAssessing economic claims in philosophy and employment law", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0cn1z262", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kathryn", "middle_name": "Anne", "last_name": "Edwards", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-29T01:10:56+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-29T01:10:56+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-28T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/lawandpoliticaleconomy/article/54216/galley/40977/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 2407, "title": "Gamification as a Course Organizing Principle in Second Language Curricula", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Gamification within courses has offered great opportunities for students to engage further into the course material. Traditionally, gamification is used with one or two elements of a course. This study investigated full course gamification of a Second Language (L2) classroom, which has not been explored heavily within research. The researchers used a constructivist grounded theory methodology to deepen the understanding of the student perception and possible impact of a full course gamification. Course curriculum, including textbook and assignments, remained the same for the 71 students enrolled in the L2 classes. The pedagogical approach to the course organization was gamified. Participants responded to open-ended questionnaires at the beginning and end of the course. The data from the questionnaire was coded line by line to deduce categories and then themes. Overall, students experienced higher levels of mastery learning, engagement, motivation, and lower levels of stress. This study demonstrates successful implementation of gamification as a course organizing principle, which should continue to be explored in future research.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Course Gamification" }, { "word": "second language" }, { "word": "curriculum development" }, { "word": "Master" }, { "word": "motivation" }, { "word": "Engagement" }, { "word": "pedagogy" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gw5r9rp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alyssia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miller De Rutté", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Colorado State University", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lopez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The University of Tampa", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-07-08T06:16:50+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-07-08T06:16:50+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-28T11:30:23+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2407/galley/1491/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31466, "title": "Climate Change, WTO Law, and China", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>Combating climate change is one of the most important areas for international cooperation and negotiation. The urgency of the climate crisis requires countries, especially large carbon emitters such as China, to be more active in taking climate actions. This Note mainly focuses on the two most important trade-related climate policies for reducing carbon emissions: border carbon adjustment and low-carbon subsidies. Both policies have or would likely raise legal challenges under the existing WTO legal framework. This Note introduces the two policies, analyzes why they are disputed among WTO Members, discusses China’s viewpoints, and suggests the possible actions that China can take in helping to mitigate trade policy conflicts over carbon emissions under the current WTO trade system. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88q0g10x", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Yiwen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhang", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31466/galley/22535/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31467, "title": "Colonialism, Capitalism, and Race in International Law: Introduction to Symposium Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "None", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94q858rb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goodwin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shaffer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31467/galley/22536/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31468, "title": "George Floyd at the UN: Whiteness, International Law, and Police Violence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article applies discursive analysis of the UN Human Rights Council debate after the killing of George Floyd in June 2020. It assesses state members’ speeches delivered during the UN session convened in June 2020, as well as the ensuing landmark report by the UN Human Commissioner for Human Rights on police violence and racism released one year later, in June 2021. Through its analysis of the current global debate on police violence against black people at the United Nations, it shows how racialized violence is and is not considered in international law. The underlying task is to unmask whiteness-coping mechanisms used in international law when issues of racism arise, as well as to light fire on the disruptive nature of black movements’ engagement with the UN to dismantle racism in a structural manner. This article is particularly interested in international law as legal imaginations shared, colliding, and contested in multiple fora, among them the United Nations. Using this case study of the debate on racism and police violence at the United Nations in 2020, the article examines how different views of racism and international human rights law come into play on the global stage of the United Nations. It thereby highlights what those differing views reveal about international law in relation to racism. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jm5k9mc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Thiago", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Amparo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Andressa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vieira e Silva", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31468/galley/22537/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31469, "title": "Masthead, Mission Statement, and Table of Contents", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "None", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Front Matter", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nt4q3tx", "frozenauthors": [], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31469/galley/22538/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31470, "title": "Representation, Inequality, Marginalization, and International Law-Making: The Case of the International Court of Justice and the International Law Commission", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This Article assesses the extent of inequality and marginalization in the making of international law. It examines whether there is equal contribution, and equal opportunity for contribution, in the making of international law by and for all States. In particular, the Article ponders whether the Global South is marginalized in law-making processes, or, put another way, whether the Global North is privileged. The Article evaluates whether there is equitable representation in international law-making bodies, and it focuses on the two most prominent ones, namely the International Court of Justice and the International Law Commission. The assessment addresses both the formal requirements of representation and the actual practices within both bodies. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0j1966h2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dire", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tladi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31470/galley/22539/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31471, "title": "State Immunity as Applied to Colonial Racism and the Japanese Military as Purchaser and Joint Tortfeasor: Case of Korean “Comfort Women”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>The redress and reparation efforts for the “comfort women” of the Japanese military during the Pacific War have been hampered in their home countries by the state immunity doctrine. In this article, we first evaluate the current state of jurisprudence on state immunity doctrine, especially as expressed in the seminal 2012 ICJ decision in Ferrini. We find there that the concept of “armed forces” has been commandeered to bolster the strict application of state immunity and evaluate such usage of the categories such as “armed conflicts” and “armed forces.” We note that full legal analysis under the state immunity doctrine, namely, that of the putative exception of “territorial torts,” was cut short by the court upon their findings on the elements of “armed conflicts” and “armed forces.” For subject matter relevance, the less well-known 2007 Hwang Geum Joo decision of a US court that applied similar reasoning to the “comfort women” in interpreting the American codification of the state immunity doctrine, is also evaluated against the pre-existing U.S. jurisprudence on “commercial activities.” We find that the Ferrini decision and the current jurisprudence of customary international law as informed by the relevant American precedent carefully circumscribes itself and thereby leaves intact the potential availability of two actus jure gestionis exceptions to state immunity—\"private civil or commercial act”—for the “comfort women”: “territorial torts” and “commercial activity.”</p>\n<p>The Japanese military, as the end-customer of “comfort services,” solicited, procured, and paid for ‘comfort services’ to reduce the cost of the war. These private legal acts incentivized the private contractors into recruiting Korean women, already impoverished under colonial racism, by deceit, and into treating the Korean women thus recruited harshly and inhumanely during the “comfort services.” Throughout the relevant periods, despite the Japanese military’s acts of “armed forces during an armed conflict” or any other sovereign act or governing act with respect to “comfort women,” it is undeniable that it set the specifications of the services to be delivered, exercising its prerogative as the end-customer and primary contractor. It is in this role as a joint tortfeasor in the “territorial tort” of fraudulent human trafficking and as a purchaser in the “commercial activity” of purchasing “comfort services” that the modern Japanese government should be held accountable in a Korean court of law in line with the exceptions to state immunity doctrine.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rf79974", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kyung", "middle_name": "Sin", "last_name": "Park", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31471/galley/22540/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31472, "title": "The Case for Reparations for the Color of COVID", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This Article surveys the data demonstrating that COVID-19, far from being the great equalizer, has generated starkly skewed adverse outcomes, including grossly disproportionate deaths, among persons of color in the U.S., Brazil, and India, and in all likelihood globally. The “color of COVID” results from governmental actions and inactions that, when combined with long-standing socio-economic vulnerabilities, produce deadly results for certain groups.</p>\n<p>Global health reformers are not addressing these injustices. Like those who resist reparations for African-Americans, for the global victims of slavery, colonialism and its legacies, or for all of the current pandemic’s victims, those seeking to reform the WHO resist state responsibility or accountability for COVID.</p>\n<p>This Article argues that since, under international law, states owe a duty to provide remedies to persons within their jurisdiction who are denied fundamental rights because of de facto or de jure discrimination, there will be a substantial number of COVID-related claims presented in national courts and international venues, such as human rights courts and treaty bodies. States will face a choice between allowing judges to respond to actions or anticipating the most serious of them by establishing reparations mechanisms or commissions to address the color of COVID. As students of transitional justice can attest, there are advantages to doing both: allowing tort-like claims to proceed in judicial fora while establishing, at the national and possibly sub-national levels, mechanisms to enable contextually sensitive responses—from government apologies to forms of recompense. Intrastate reparations are more politically viable than interstate claims seeking to establish blame for the spread of COVID. National efforts to provide a measure of restorative justice to those harmed within each country by discriminatory practices are justified morally, legally, and from a utilitarian perspective. Bringing out the facts of the color of COVID and making states accountable may deter discriminatory actions (and inactions) that have furthered COVID-19 and its variants. Enabling accountability for the color of COVID can help mitigate the impact of future pandemics. Reparations would also advance the idea that all persons, irrespective of color of skin, have a basic right to life and health.</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0672n3bz", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "José", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Alvarez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31472/galley/22541/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 31473, "title": "Theorizing Intergenerational Justice in International Law: The Case of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>On July 21, 2021, a resolution was introduced in the Chicago City Council calling on the US government to ratify the new United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) and describing the struggle to abolish nuclear weapons as a matter of racial justice. Unlike prior nuclear disarmament treaties, the TPNW bans all nuclear weapons outright and reframes nuclear disarmament as a matter of decolonial struggle. The coming into force of the TPNW treaty raises questions about the relationship between this new treaty regime and the traditional framework of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). </p>\n<p>In this Article, we argue for understanding the novelty of the TPNW through the prism of intergenerational conflict and justice. The Nuclear Ban Treaty comes into effect at a moment when the generation that personally experienced nuclear warfare is quickly passing, and it speaks to a new generation of activists and diplomats who place less hope in back-room negotiations among great powers. More broadly, we argue for centering intergenerational justice in international law. Although the question of what each generation owes the next is not a standard frame of reference in international law, as we suggest in Part II, upon closer analysis, questions of intergenerational justice pervade may international legal problems, from climate change to human rights to the law of war. </p>\n<p>To address the challenge of intergenerational justice demands that international lawyers develop more complex and subtle approaches to intergenerational conflict and collaboration. In Part III, we borrow insights from a global anti-nuclear art mural project with roots in Chicago's community-based struggles for racial justice in which political action is framed as a problem of intergenerational collaboration. </p>\n<p>Ultimately, we argue in Part IV that the contested relationship between the NPT and the TPNW frameworks can be an opportunity for intergenerational collaboration of its own. Progress on the elimination of nuclear weapons now requires working across generational divides in international law and developing methodologies and commitments to build solidarity across generations of experts and activists. </p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "All rights reserved", "short_name": "Copyright", "text": "© the author(s). All rights reserved.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/authors" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8452f0v0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Hirokazu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Miyazaki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" }, { "first_name": "Annelise", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Riles", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-27T08:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/jitcl/article/31473/galley/22542/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 13, "title": "The effect of speaker reliability on adult cross-situational word learning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Word learning is guided by the statistical co-occurrence between spoken words and potential referents, through which learners gradually map labels to objects across situations. Given that word learning does not occur in a vacuum, rather in a communicative context, it is relevant to evaluate the role that speakers play. Because we do not evaluate the information provided by every person equally, it is reasonable to think that someone who makes lexical errors is not a reliable speaker from whom to learn new words. The current study focuses on speaker reliability in adult cross-situational word learning (CSWL). In two experiments we investigated the extent to which adults attend to the reliability of the speaker and how this affects word learning in a CSWL task. We varied the consistency with which a speaker mapped novel words to familiar objects. We hypothesized (1) that the speakers’ reliability would be judged differently depending on their past object-labeling accuracy, and (2) that new words would be more difficult to learn when presented by an unreliable speaker. Experiment 1 shows that the unreliable speaker was assessed as less reliable, compared to the reliable speaker, but this effect disappeared in Experiment 2, when participants were taught new words by two speakers, a reliable and an unreliable one. Furthermore, we found no evidence to support the hypothesis that being exposed to an unreliable speaker impairs CSWL in adults. We discuss the relevance of these findings and the importance of further research on the role of speaker reliability in CSWL.<br>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1p34f58m", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Natalia", "middle_name": "Alejandra", "last_name": "Rivera-Vera", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "N.A.RiveraVera@uva.nl", "department": "Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication" }, { "first_name": "Sible", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Andringa", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universiteit van Amsterdam", "department": "Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication" }, { "first_name": "Edmundo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kronmüller", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile", "department": "Escuela de Psicología" }, { "first_name": "Padraic", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Monaghan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Lancaster University", "department": "Department of Psychology" }, { "first_name": "Judith", "middle_name": "Elisabeth", "last_name": "Rispens", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Universiteit van Amsterdam", "department": "Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-05-17T22:20:11.630000+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-04-18T02:37:07.666000+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-22T02:40:00+08:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/13/galley/26/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/13/galley/25/download/" }, { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/13/galley/26/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 36, "title": "The role of prosodic focus in the reanalysis of garden path sentences: Depth of semantic processing impedes the revision of an erroneous local analysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Research on post-repair representations of garden path sentences has found that readers systematically arrive at misinterpretations even after displaying evidence of reanalysis (Christianson et al., 2001; Ferreira et al., 2001). These comprehension errors have been attributed to the semantic interpretation associated with the incorrect parse persisting past disambiguation, but less is known about the mechanism driving this phenomenon (Sturt, 2007; Slattery et al., 2013). A speeded auditory comprehension experiment examined the depth of semantic processing as an independent influence on the strength of semantic persistence, drawing on known effects of pitch accent on the processing of focus-related semantic meaning (Fraundorf et al., 2010). Participants heard garden path sentences with early/late-closure ambiguity (e.g., <i>While Anna dressed the baby stopped crying</i>) with a sharply rising pitch accent on either the unambiguous adjunct subject or the ambiguously transitive adjunct verb, followed by a comprehension question that probed whether the incorrect late-closure analysis persisted. Since the pitch accent is often a strong cue for semantic focus when it occurs in prosodically marked phrase-medial positions, we reasoned that a deeper semantic processing would be facilitated for the late-closure analysis only when the verb receives a pitch accent. Findings indicate that a pitch accent on the verb significantly decreased accuracy without a corresponding increase on response time, suggesting that a deeper semantic processing of the erroneous parse can strengthen its resistance to revision without necessarily interfering with the process of structure-building.<o:p></o:p></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5d84n2x7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "June", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Choe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Pennsylvania", "department": "Linguistics" }, { "first_name": "Masaya", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yoshida", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University", "department": "Linguistics" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cole", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Northwestern University", "department": "Linguistics" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-06-24T01:13:20.682000+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-08-08T17:07:17.324000+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-21T02:40:00+08:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/36/galley/36/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/36/galley/35/download/" }, { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/36/galley/36/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45504, "title": "Financial Exploitation in an Elderly Male", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b74k4p1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Salila", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Sharma", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-21T00:51:18+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45504/galley/34290/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17497, "title": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5km0r0sh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saucedo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-21T00:00:39+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-21T00:00:39+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-21T00:01:50+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17497/galley/8919/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17449, "title": "Implementation of Vertical Split Flow Model for Patient Throughput at a Community Hospital Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of vertical split flow (VSF) implementation on emergency department (ED) patient length of stay (LOS) and throughput at a community hospital.\nBackground: Hospitals have implemented innovative strategies to address overcrowding by optimizing patient flow through the ED. Vertical split flow (VSF) refers to the concept of assigning patients to vertical chairs instead of horizontal beds based on patient acuity.\nMethods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all emergency severity index (ESI) level 3 patients presenting to a community hospital ED over a three month period before and after VSF implementation between 2018 and 2019. A vertical area with 10 chairs was separated from the existing ED space and staffed by reassigned advanced practice providers. On arrival, ESI level 3 patients were assigned to the vertical area if they could maintain sitting position during treatment, did not require cardiac monitoring or airborne precautions, and presented no detectable risk of harm to self or others. Unpaired t-tests compared time intervals between cohorts with the primary outcome being ED LOS, as defined by the electronic medical record timestamps for patient arrival to disposition. Secondary outcomes examined throughput using time from patient arrival to bed placement and provider assignment.\nResults: In total, 5,262 patient visits in the pre-intervention and 5,376 in the post-intervention group were included in the analysis. There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups. There was a significant reduction in mean overall LOS in minutes between the pre-intervention group (M=283, SD=1.9) and post-intervention group (M=251, SD=1.8), t(10545)=12, p<0.001. There was also a significant reduction in arrival-to-bed (M=9.2, 95%CI 7-11, t(9268)=9.8, p<0.001)) and provider assignment to disposition time (M=31.9, 95%CI 26-36, t(10355)=12, p<0.001)) in minutes with VSF implementation. There was no significant difference in time from arrival to provider assignment (M=0.64, 95%CI -1.2 to 2.4, t(10237)=-0.64, p=0.525), despite a small increase in bed to provider time.\nConclusion: Community hospital ED implementation of VSF for ESI level 3 patients was associated with significant reduction in overall length of stay and improved throughput. This model provides a solution to increase the number of beds in the ED and improve throughput for urgent acuity patients.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2852j9w7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adrian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cotarelo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alex", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hsieh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arena", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Anthony", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oraha", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mary", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McLean", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Norman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mok", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Raffaele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Milizia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-15T04:17:46+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-15T04:17:46+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:52:13+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17449/galley/8881/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17492, "title": "MEMC Abstracts Special Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "23.5.1", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "WestJEM Full-Text Issue", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1349952d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-20T07:26:50+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-20T07:26:50+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:48:50+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17492/galley/8915/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17486, "title": "Utilization and Cost Savings of an Emergency Department Acetaminophen Route Pathway", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the cost savings of an acetaminophen route pathway in patients presenting to the emergency department.\nBackground: The use of intravenous acetaminophen (IVA) has been increasing since it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2010. However, the cost of IVA is orders of magnitude more than the oral version with significant cost variation based on hospital formulary. Despite the cost difference, multiple studies have shown that the IV version is not more effective than enteral forms. By implementing an Acetaminophen Route Pathway (ARP), we hypothesize a reduction in unnecessary use of IVA and significant cost savings.\nMethods: A prospective, before-after controlled study was conducted. ED ARP was designed by expert/consensus opinion and rolled out with a discussion at faculty and resident staff meetings followed by reminder emails. The electronic medical record logged every instance of IVA administration 12 months before and after implementation of an ED ARP (with a 90 day washout period) along with total ED volumes. The absolute number of doses as well as per patient utilization of IVA were calculated. Fisher’s exact test was used to assess for significance.\nResults: During the pre ARP phase (03/01/18-02/28/19), a total of 54,533 presented to the ED with 2,703 doses of IVA given (4.96%). In the post ARP phase (06/01/19-05/31/20), a total of 48,278 presented to the ED with 582 doses of IVA given (1.21%). At $689.29 per dose, this corresponds to a cost of $1,863,151 ($34.16 per ED patient registered) in the before group compared with $401,166.80 ($8.31 per ED patient registered) in the after group. This corresponds to more than $1.2 million dollar in savings, when adjusted for the lower volume post ARP. Fisher’s exact test was significant at p <0.001, indicating that the decrease in IVA use and cost were significant.\nConclusion: A straight forward set of guidelines regarding when IVA should be used versus enteral versions was able to drastically reduce unnecessary pharmaceutical cost in the ED. While the magnitude of cost savings will vary based on the hospital, this is a simple implementation that will increase value without loss of effectiveness.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xf654vs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Arastehmanesh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nadia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eshraghi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:26:05+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:26:05+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:47:38+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17486/galley/8912/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17484, "title": "Point-of-Care Ultrasound Interpretation of Cardiac Standstill in Children", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: This study seeks to determine the level of inter-observer agreement among Pediatric Emergency Medicine (PEM) physicians when interpreting POCUS for cardiac standstill in pediatric patients during cardiac arrest as well as highlight factors that may contribute to lack of agreement.\nBackground: Use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to diagnose cardiac standstill and guide continuation of cardiac resuscitation has gained widespread use in adult patients and is becoming more prevalent in pediatric patients. Previous studies have demonstrated moderate inter-observer agreement among physicians using POCUS to diagnose cardiac standstill during cardiac arrests in adult patients. There is limited data regarding POCUS interpretation of cardiac standstill among pediatric patients during cardiac resuscitations.\nMethods: A single, nation-wide, cross-sectional, convenience sample survey was administered to PEM attendings and fellows between Feb - Jun of 2021. PEM attendings with = 25 cardiac ultrasound scans were considered “proficient” based on POCUS competency set by the American College of Emergency Physicians. The survey contained 11 unique 6-second video clips of cardiac POCUS performed during pulseless arrests in pediatric patients and asked the respondents to determine which clips represented cardiac standstill. A description of each clip is found in Table 1. The level of inter-observer agreement was determined using Krippendorff’s alpha (K alpha) coefficient for PEM attendings with = 25 scans, PEM attendings with 1-24 scans, PEM attendings with 0 scans, PEM fellows with = 25 scans, and PEM fellows with 1-24 scans. K alpha = 0.800 is determined as good agreement and a K alpha = 0.667 is considered an unacceptable level of agreement.\nResults: 263 PEM physicians completed the survey. Respondent demographics are found in Table 2. Agreement among subgroups is found in Table 3. PEM attendings with = 25 scans had moderate agreement (K alpha = 0.740). PEM fellows with = 25 scans had good agreement (K alpha = 0.811). PEM attendings with no prior ultrasound experience had lack of acceptable agreement (K alpha = 0.630). Highest divergence in responses included clips displaying minimal wall or valve motion as well as swirling blood in an otherwise static heart.\nConclusion: There is moderate inter-observer agreement interpreting pediatric cardiac standstill on POCUS during cardiac resuscitations among PEM attendings who are considered proficient. Minimal cardiac structural movements during POCUS may influence interpretation. Cardiac POCUS may be a useful tool to guide resuscitation efforts in pediatric patients.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sm5n3dq", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:23:12+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:23:12+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:46:59+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17484/galley/8910/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17483, "title": "Variation of Emergency Medicine Resident Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine Emergency Medicine (EM) resident productivity (as measured by patients per hour) over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the prior training environment.\nBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted medical education throughout the United States. As a result, many EM residents began residency with atypical clinical experiences. In addition, Emergency Department (ED) patient volumes decreased during the early months of the pandemic.\nMethods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at an urban, academic medical center with an established EM residency program. Data was collected from electronic medical records between July 1, 2017 and October 31, 2021. EM residents completing full, consecutive years of residency were included in the sample. Classes prior to 2020 were defined as a control group. Due to the structure of the residency, only shifts at the academic medical center during first and second year of residency (PGY1 and PGY2) were included. Productivity was defined as total primary patient encounters divided by aggregate scheduled shift hours. To allow comparison of the most recent data, analysis was performed on the first four months (July-October) of each academic year. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, including standard deviation and t-tests.\nResults: A total of 63 residents were included in this analysis of the first four months of each training year from 2017-2021. Prior to COVID-19, PGY1 residents evaluated 0.75±0.23 patients per hour and PGY2 residents evaluated 1.46±0.11 patients per hour (p<0.001). Compared with the pre-COVID control group, PGY1 residents evaluated 0.64±0.22 patients per hour in 2020 (p=0.15) and 0.82±0.21 patients per hour in 2021 (p=0.34); PGY2 residents evaluated 1.44±0.17 patients per hour (p=0.65) in 2020 and 1.75±0.17 patients per hour in 2021 (p<0.001).\nConclusion: This analysis suggests that EM resident productivity at the medical center did not decrease significantly compared to prior years during the COVID-19 pandemic. While there was a trend towards fewer patients per hour in 2020, this did not reach statistical significance. These results may have applications to medical education and ED operations. The study is limited by single center, retrospective, and observational design.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1229m1x2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arjun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dhanik", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shaw", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jake", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hoyne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kolikof", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McDonald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antkowiak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:21:05+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:21:05+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:46:19+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17483/galley/8909/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17482, "title": "Impact of Shared Visits with Midlevel Providers or Residents on Resource Use and Admission Rate", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To validate and expand upon prior data suggesting that visits shared with a midlevel or resident influence EP behavior as measured by resource use and propensity to admit a patient.\nBackground: Variability exists in Emergency Physicians’ (EP) resource utilization as measured by ordering practices, propensity to admit patients, and whether a visit is shared with a resident or midlevel provider (nurse practitioner or physician assistant).\nMethods: This is a retrospective study of routinely gathered operational data from two community, suburban hospitals within an academic emergency network. We analyzed 34 EPs with 141,433 patient visits from July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2019. We collected individual EP data on advanced imaging (CT, US, MRI), admission rates, and whether a visit was shared with a midlevel or resident for each patient encounter. To investigate whether there might be distinct groups of practice patterns relating these resources, we used a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), a classification method used to determine the likelihood of distinct subgroups within a larger population. The total number of groups and covariance structure were determined by Bayesian Information Criteria.\nResults: Our GMM revealed three distinct groups of physicians based on their ordering practices. The largest group is characterized by a homogenous pattern of neither high or low resource utilization (n=19, 58% female, median years’ experience: 9 [IQR 2-16]; rates of Advanced Imaging: 44%, Admission: 21%, Midlevel/Resident staffing 35% with a modest group of low-resource users (n=10, 0% female, median years’ experience: 7 [IQR 5-11]; rates of Advanced Imaging: 31%, Admission: 17%, Midlevel/Resident staffing 32%), and far fewer members of a high-resource use group (n=5, 20% female, median years’ experience: 15 [IQR 5-16]; rates of Advanced Imaging: 49%, Admission: 22%, Midlevel/Resident staffing 35%) [Figure 1]. This variation suggests that use of advanced imaging and propensity to admit may be influenced by whether a patient visit is shared with a midlevel or resident provider.\nConclusion: At two community EDs, three distinct subgroups of EP ordering practices exist based on advanced imaging use, propensity to admit a patient, and whether a visit was shared with a midlevel or resident. This data validates prior work showing that resource utilization and admission rates are related, while demonstrating that more nuanced patterns of EP ordering practices exist based on whether a visit is shared with a midlevel or resident provider. Further investigation is needed to understand the impact of EP characteristics and behavior on throughput and quality of care.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2b27g0x9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Joseph", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McDonald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antkowiak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Terrance", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:17:34+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:17:34+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:45:40+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17482/galley/8908/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17481, "title": "The Role of Call-Back Systems in Older Patients Discharged from the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: UC Irvine in partnership with CipherHealth has incorporated an automated call-back system utilizing a Geriatric Emergency Nurse Initiative Expert (GENIE) to follow-up with older patients. This study aimed to discover the most significant concerns older patients have after discharged from the ED, impact of a call-back system, impact of a dedicated GENIE in the follow-up process, and to highlight areas for further research.\nBackground: Emergency departments (ED) can be challenging to navigate for elderly patients. Geriatric visits to the ED are common and costly for both patients and health systems. Additionally, older patients are more likely to have a longer length of stay, increased complications and worse health outcomes. Over the past decade, there has been increasing efforts to incorporate geriatric specific care in emergency departments. The goal of these programs was to better communicate with older patients regarding their health and reduce recidivism.\nMethods: CipherHealth data regarding call-back rates and intervention details for UC Irvine Medical Center and UC Irvine Health were collected from June to November of 2021. Additionally, call-back data from the geriatric specialist nurse was collected during this time period and compared to the call-back rates of the automated CipherHealth system. Using the GENIE call-back data, we grouped call-backs into categories based on specific patient concerns. Finally, recidivism rates were obtained prior to the implementation of CipherHealth and geriatric nurse specialists and compared with those seen after.\nResults: There were a total of 4,748 initial calls made with the Cipher Health system and 292 individual follow-up calls made by the GENIE. Of the calls made by the GENIE the most common issue was with follow-up appointments (99 recorded issues). The next most common issue was with discharge instructions (82 recorded issues), followed by general status issues (80 recorded issues), issues obtaining prescriptions (18 recorded issues), and medication questions (13 recorded issues). Additionally, the rate of recidivism for patients over the age of 65 prior to the implementation of the call-back system was 20.9 percent compared with 15.6 percent in the months following implementation of these systems.\nConclusion: Our data suggests that there are specific areas of intervention that many older patients have issues with post-discharge. These concerns centered around follow-up appointments and discharge paperwork, suggesting an avenue for future quality improvement. Additionally, the decrease in recidivism after implementation of the call-back systems are a promising sign. A future study would be needed to prove true causation however there are reasons for optimism.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/33g8w11r", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roh", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saucedo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Darius", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Martins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:13:17+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:13:17+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:44:51+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17481/galley/8907/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17480, "title": "Metal Detectors Improve Patients’ Sense of Safety in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: We aimed to assess the impact of metal detectors on patients’ feelings of safety in the ED.\nBackground: National guidelines recommend hospitals attempt to prevent weapons from entering EDs. Metal detectors have been shown to reduce the number of weapons coming into EDs. However, there are concerns that they are unwelcoming to patients and might discourage them from seeking care. Less than one third of hospitals in the United States utilize metal detectors. The most recent ED based studies of patients’ attitudes towards metal detectors were over 25 years ago, and patients’ perceptions of safety likely have evolved during this time.\nMethods: We surveyed a convenience sample of patients and their companions >18 years of age, who had undergone metal detection at the entrance of our suburban, academic ED from 2019-2021. Using tailored design, we developed survey questions with a consensus panel of physicians, nurses, and patients. We pilot tested the survey with cohorts of medical students and patients. Respondents anonymously reported their answers to questions on a 5 point Likert scale online in Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and chi square tests were utilized to compare groups.\nResults: The survey response rate was 78%, with 303 patients completing the survey. Most (71%) non-respondents were due to clinical care needs preventing participation. Approximately two thirds of participants were patients (67%) and female (61%) with nearly all respondents in the ED for non-traumatic concerns (83%). Nearly one third of respondents (31%) had a colleague or family member that had been the victim of physical assault, 16% had previously witnessed physical violence in the ED, and 29% had a weapon in their home. An abundance (91%; 95% CI: 87 – 94%) of respondents reported that metal detectors improved their sense of safety in the ED. Slightly over half of respondents (52%; 95% CI: 46 – 58%) indicated the presence of metal detectors made them more likely to visit an ED in the future. A small proportion (5%; 95% CI: 3 – 8%) indicated people should be allowed to bring weapons into the ED. Nearly one fifth of respondents reported metal detectors were somewhat or very inconvenient (19%; 95% CI: 15 – 24%) or somewhat or very much limited their privacy (21%; 95% CI: 16 – 26%). For respondents that reported a concern about privacy or inconvenience, over two thirds still favored having metal detectors (71%; 95% CI: 55 – 84%). There were no significant differences between respondents about metal detectors based on age, education, gender, race, prior exposure to violence, or personal ownership of weapons.\nConclusion: In this single center study, patients and their companions reported feeling safer with metal detectors in the ED, despite modest concerns about their impact on convenience and privacy. These results are similar to much smaller studies from 25 years ago.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/50b1m4v5", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Devon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fiorino", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Easter", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kehr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:10:24+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:10:24+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:44:12+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17480/galley/8906/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17479, "title": "Impact of a Best Practice Alert on the Implementation of Expedited Partner Therapy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if an ED-based electronic health record (EHR) Best Practice Alert (BPA) increased the ordering of expedited partner therapy (EPT) for sexually transmitted infections (STI) in adult patients.\nBackground: US EDs have reported increases in STI visits and positivity rates, mirroring record level increases in STI incidence in the general population. EPT is an evidence-based practice recommended by public health experts for treating sexual partners of STI patients. EDs typically evaluate patients for STIs without their sexual partner present, thereby providing opportunities for EPT. However, EPT is infrequently used in US EDs.\nMethods: This pilot study was part of a quality improvement initiative conducted between August and October 2021 in an academic tertiary care ED located in the Midwest. An EPT BPA was randomly displayed in the EHR to clinicians when they empirically treated adult ED patients for STIs with antibiotics. Differences in proportions of EPT ordering were calculated for STI visits between BPA exposed vs. unexposed, ED clinician type, and testing-confirmed vs. not confirmed STI status.\nResults: Of the 52 adult ED patients empirically treated for STIs during the study period, their mean age was 30 years old, 56% were female, 48% White and 40% Black, and 31% had Medicaid. Testing-confirmed STI prevalence was 27%. EPT was ordered less often during BPA unexposed (8%; 95% CI 1-25) than BPA exposed (42%; 95% CI 23-63) STI visits, for a mean difference of 35% (95% CI 13-56). EPT was ordered during 41% of STI visits involving residents, as compared to 7% of physician assistant visits (p=0.07). EPT was not ordered more often for testing-confirmed vs. not confirmed STI visits (21% vs. 26%; p=0.7).\nConclusion: Displaying an EHR BPA greatly increased EPT ordering for patients empirically treated for STIs, although not consistently across all clinician types. Because suspected cases of STIs may be less common in some EDs depending on the populations they serve, BPAs may be a useful tool to bolster the implementation of EPT practices.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d76867j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gutting", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ager", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Fahmida", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ahmed", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Keith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kocher", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Solnick", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Roland", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Merchant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Zoe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Curry", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T13:07:33+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T13:07:33+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:43:16+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17479/galley/8905/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17478, "title": "Modeling Advanced Practice Provider Productivity in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: In this study, we examine APP productivity to determine if a similar pattern applies to that of residents and attendings, with the hypothesis that hourly productivity decreases after the first few hours of the shift.\nBackground: APP productivity follows a similar pattern to previously described behaviors in both residents and attendings. This further confirms the results of prior studies that productivity is a dynamic process that needs to be considered when adjusting staffing models. Additionally, this pattern by APPs at a community hospital provides additional validation of this model outside of academic institutions or training environments.\nMethods: This is a retrospective cohort study from 7/1/21 through 6/30/21 at a single suburban community hospital in the northeast. APPs work ten hour shifts from 10AM to 8PM, nearly every day. APPs also provide coverage for approximately 5 shifts per month from 3PM to 11PM. Timestamps of initial patient contact are automatically logged by the electronic health record, and then analyzed to determine in which hour of the shift this occurred. A mixed linear model was performed with the hour as a categorical variable, and day of the week, month and year as covariates. Data was grouped by individual shifts.\nResults: A total of 345 10-hour shifts were worked by five APPs over the one year studied. There were 64 additional afternoon shifts which were excluded due to the shorter length and lower frequency. Two APPs worked the vast majority of the shifts, and the other three provided per-diem coverage. A mean of 13.3 patients (SD 2.7) were seen per shift. In the first hour, APPs saw an average of 2.67 patients (95% CI 2.59-2.76). Each hour demonstrated a statistically significant decrease relative to the first hour (p< 0.001), with the highest magnitude over the second (-0.58 (95% CI -0.69 — -0.47)) and third (-0.98 (95% CI -1.09 — -0.86)) hours. This downward trend continued throughout the rest of the shift; however, the magnitude of this difference after the sixth hour was not significant. There was no effect by day of week, month or year.\nConclusion: APP productivity follows a similar pattern to previously described behaviors in both residents and attendings. This further confirms the results of prior studies that productivity is a dynamic process that needs to be considered when adjusting staffing models. Additionally, this pattern by APPs at a community hospital provides additional validation of this model outside of academic institutions or training environments.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sh970wr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Joseph", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antkowiak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T12:58:57+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T12:58:57+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:42:34+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17478/galley/8904/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17477, "title": "Cluster analysis of regional use patterns among critically ill emergency patients in Korea", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the inflow and outflow of critically ill emergency patients in Korea using National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) data for the last five years (2014-2018).\nBackground: In Korea, an imbalance across regions in emergency medical services has been creating a continuous barrier to ensuring access to such services for all residents. Korea’s medical delivery system is not efficiently linked and a concentration of patients and medical resources in certain areas has continued due to the inefficiency of the competition between medical institutions from primary private clinics and tertiary hospitals.\nMethods: Using the relevance index (RI) and the commitment index (CI) for analysis, the optimal number of clusters was determined and K-means cluster analysis was performed using the determined number of clusters in the cities, counties, and districts across the country. We classified regional types and expressed them as a geographic information system to examine changes over the five years. The difference between the RI and the CI clusters by year was analyzed by the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test.\nResults: The total NEDIS data analyzed included 5,551,616 critically ill emergency patients. In the determination of the optimal number of clusters, the most appropriate number was two (Cluster 1, Cluster 2) for the years 2014-2018. Cluster 1 captured the patient outflow, low RI and high CI, and more than 100 regions by year. Cluster 2 captured patient inflow, high RI and low CI, and more than 80 regions by year. There were no significant differences in the RI and the CI each year based on the patient inflow of critically ill emergency patients. In an annual comparison of the CI, significant differences were noted between 2014 and 2017.\nConclusion: During the five-year period of 2014-2018, there were two regional types of critically ill emergency patients in Korea, and there was a significant difference between 2014 and 2017 in the CI in the patient outflow areas.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nr3j9b3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sung Min", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tag", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T12:55:13+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T12:55:13+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:42:01+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17477/galley/8903/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17476, "title": "Proportion of Emergency Department Visits for Alcohol Abuse Increased After the Arrival of COVID-19", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The goal of our study was to determine whether there was a change in the proportion of ED visits for alcohol abuse following the arrival of COVID-19.\nBackground: In March of 2020, COVID-19 arrived in the New York Metropolitan area. Total ED visits decreased markedly, likely because of fear of exposure to the virus as well as social isolation mandates. Concerns have been raised regarding the possible adverse effects that COVID-19 may have on increased abuse of alcohol. COVID-19 triggered bouts of anxiety, isolation from peers, and increased family tensions because of job disruptions and quarantining within families. A CDC study showed that despite decreased total ED visits, compared to 2019, the proportion of ED mental health related visits in 2020 increased. The goal of our study was to determine whether there was a change in the proportion of ED visits for alcohol abuse following the arrival of COVID-19.\nMethods: Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: EDs of 27 hospitals within 150 miles of New York City. Hospitals were teaching and non-teaching in rural, suburban, and urban areas. Total annual ED volumes ranged from 12,000 to 122,000. Population: Consecutive patients seen by ED physicians. The database contained visits between March 1 and November 30 in 2019 and 2020. Data analysis: We identified patients with alcohol abuse using International Classification of Disease codes, version 10 (ICD-10). We tallied the number of ED visits for ICD-10 codes with at least 100 visits in the database. We calculated the proportion of these visits to total ED visits in 2019 and 2020. We report the relative change in this proportion from 2019 to 2020, along with the 95% CI.\nResults: The database contained 1,161,080 visits in 2019 and 814,252 in 2020. Of these, 15,057 and 12,467 patients had a diagnosis of alcohol abuse in 2019 and 2020, respectively. For patients with alcohol abuse diagnoses in 2019 and 2020 the average ages were 46 and 47 years and females comprised 25% and 23%, respectively. The relative change in the proportion of visits for alcohol abuse from 2019 to 2020 had a statistically significant increase of 18% (95% CI: 15%-21%).\nConclusion: The proportion of ED visits for alcohol abuse increased following the arrival of COVID-19 in the New York metropolitan area. Our results are consistent with the CDC study showing the proportion of ED mental health related visits increased.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xq7v6qc", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Barnet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eskin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Claire", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeLong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Allegra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T12:44:22+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T12:44:22+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:41:26+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17476/galley/8902/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17473, "title": "Effectiveness of face mask mandates in 4 suburban US communities during the SARS-CoV2 Omicron surge", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of face mask mandates in four suburban communities in the metropolitan Boston area during the SARS-CoV2 Omicron surge.\nBackground: Face mask mandates have been implemented by local, state and national governments to limit the transmission of illness during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic.\nMethods: A retrospective review of state reported, PCR positive cases of SARS-CoV2 and vaccination rates in four communities during the Omicron surge from 01/11/21-01/31/22. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.\nResults: Two communities had a face mask mandate in place for all indoor public spaces throughout the study period, and two communities did not. Brookline (population 59,180, fully vaccinated rate per capita 62%) and Newton (population 88,593, vaccination rate 87%) implemented face mask mandates prior to the surge on 08/27/21 and 09/02/21, respectively, that remained in place through 02/18/22. Needham (population 31,248, vaccination rate 93%) and Framingham (population 72,308, vaccination rate 76%) issued mask recommendations but not a mask mandate. SARS-CoV2 percent positive rate per 100,000 population, reported weekly for each community is shown in Figure 1. Prior to Omicron, on 10/14/21 percent positive rates were 1% or less in all four communities. Percent positivity at the peak of Omicron was lower in Newton (13.18%) and Brookline (12.28%) than in Needham (14.92%) and Framingham (22.38%). Brookline had the lowest peak positivity rate and the lowest vaccination rate. Percent positivity also peaked and declined earlier in both communities with mask mandates.\nConclusion: In this study, suburban communities with mask mandates had a lower SARS-CoV2 peak percent positivity rate and an earlier peak than communities without mask mandates. Face mask requirements in indoor public spaces may reduce transmission of SARS-CoV2 during variant surges, and may be particularly effective in communities with lower vaccination rates.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60j4901w", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Julie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCarthy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Partridge", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Epstein", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tiffany", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zike", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McDonald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:59:34+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:59:34+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:40:28+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17473/galley/8900/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17471, "title": "ICU admission Risk Factors of Latinx/Hispanic COVID-19 patients at a US Mexico Border Hospital", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To describe the association of demographics of sex, comorbidities, age with the risk of severe (Coronavirus Disease 2019) COVID-19 requiring intensive care unit level of care, and death in a primarily Latinx/Hispanic U.S.-Mexico border hospital operating at surge capacity.\nBackground: According to the CDC, the Latinx/Hispanic population in the U.S. have been particularly affected by severe COVID-19 complications and high mortality rates. Border hospitals and their emergency departments (ED) are particularly vulnerable to widespread communicable respiratory infections and severe COVID-19 complications and poor outcomes such as surges of hospitalizations and death. Multiple factors such as inadequate healthcare infrastructure in border areas, access to preventative healthcare and subsequently higher prevalence of comorbidities that increase the risk for severe COVID-19 in the Latinx/Hispanic patient population overall. At the U.S.-Mexico border region, there is a paucity of research and data regarding how COVID-19 affects this predominantly Latinx/Hispanic community. Our study seeks to identify demographic, and clinical risk factors that make this specific community vulnerable to severe COVID-19 complications such as intensive care unit (ICU) utilization and death.\nMethods: This is was a retrospective, observational chart review of 156 hospitalized COVID-19 patients during a surge at a border hospital. Adult patients (> 18 years) diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 and met admission criteria from April 10, 2020 to May 30, 2020 were included. Excluded were pediatric patients (< 18 years of age), patients who did not consent for treatment, pregnant women, patients who did not meet the above inclusion criteria. Descriptive statistics of sex, age categories of 18-49, 50-64, and > 65 years or older, BMI, presence of at least one comorbidity (coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer/lymphoma, current use of immunosuppressive drug therapy, chronic kidney disease/dialysis, or chronic respiratory disease), along with complications were done. Multivariate regression models were produced from the most significant variables and factors for ICU admission. The final, reduced regression model, a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant and confidence intervals were reported at a level 95%.\nResults: Of the 156 hospitalized patients, 63.5% (99) were male, 132 (84.6%) admitted for respiratory failure, average age was 67.2 (+/-12.2). There were 71 (45.5%) patients who required intensive care. Those > 65 years old had a higher frequency of ICU admission. Seventy-nine percent (49) of the ICU patients had a BMI over 25. Most common comorbidities were diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease/hyperlipidemia. The regression model showed that males had a 4.4 (95% CI 1.576, 12.308) odds of ICU admission (p=0.0047). Those who developed acute kidney injury (AKI) and BMI 25-29.9 were strong predictors of ICU admission (p<0.001 and p=0.0020, respectively). No single comorbidity was associated with ICU admission. However, those with at least one comorbidity, there was 1.984 increased odds (95% CI 1.313, 2.998) of an ICU admission. Of those admitted in the ICU, 72% (16) died.\nConclusion: The Latinx/Hispanic border populations have a high prevalence of comorbidities and potential complications that increase their risk for COVID-19 complications that lead to ICU admissions and death.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n54r2g2", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "LaFree", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tomaszewski", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Coyne", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Faith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Quenzer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:56:45+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:56:45+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:39:57+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17471/galley/8898/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17470, "title": "Incorporating a Resident-Driven Mentorship Program into Emergency Medicine Clerkship Rotations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: We launched an EM resident-driven mentorship program to help medical students excel in their clerkships, develop relationships, and navigate residency applications. We hypothesize that students will rate the mentoring positively and will report that it improved their performance.\nBackground: Mentorship is important for professional growth and success in medicine. There are few formal mentorship programs for medical students on audition rotations.\nMethods: Students were assigned a self-selected EM resident mentor for their four-week clerkship at a single institution. Allopathic and osteopathic students were matched with residents from MD or DO schools, respectively. Mentors were instructed to review: patient presentations, differential diagnoses, clinical decision-making tools, rotation advice, and the application and match process. Mentors were instructed to meet with their mentees and to check-in weekly. Following the rotation, students were sent an online anonymous survey consisting of 6 multiple choice and 3 free response questions. Simple descriptive statistics and qualitative methods were employed for data analysis. Initial coding was performed independently by two study authors and then reviewed by a third author with experience in qualitative methodology. Suggestions were merged via consensus into a final code set that was used for thematic analysis.\nResults: Six audition rotations occurred over the study period. Of the 47 students, 74% (n=35) responded to our survey. 97% (n=34) of participants recommended continuing this program, 91% (n=32) rated this program helpful, and 64% (n=16) stated that this improved their success on the rotation. Preliminary qualitative analysis of students’ responses revealed the themes in Figure 1.\nConclusion: Preliminary data suggests that students found having a mentor during their audition rotations was meaningful. We believe students can benefit from a resident-driven mentorship program during their auditions.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6js35670", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arlene", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chung", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Novak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jeanette", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kurbedin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sabena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vaswani", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:52:47+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:52:47+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:39:19+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17470/galley/8897/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17469, "title": "Characterization of Oxycodone Misuse using National Survey Data.", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The objective of the study is to characterize the risk markers of oxycodone misuse using the nationally representative National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data.\nBackground: Drug overdoses continues to be a public health crisis with 70,630 fatalities in 2019. Approximately two-thirds of these deaths (66%) involved a prescription or illicit opioid. Synthetic opioids accounted for 72.9% of opioid-involved overdose deaths in 2019.\nMethods: The 2019 NSDUH public use cross-sectional data were analyzed. The respondents were classified into two groups, past year oxycodone misusers and non-misusers, based on the screening questions assessing past year misuse of oxycodone products. The prevalence of selected demographic, clinical factors and substance use and abuse, including prescription medications, was assessed descriptively for the two population groups using cross tabulated frequencies and chi-square tests. Logistic regression models using a backward selection process were used to identify predictors of oxycodone misuse adjusting for covariates. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated.\nResults: Overall, the 2019 NSDUH survey comprised of 56,136 respondents, of which 4,359 respondents (7.7%) reported using oxycodone products over the last year. Furthermore, 770 respondents reported misuse, accounting for 17.6% of the total oxycodone users or 1.4% of the survey sample. The proportion of past year oxycodone misusers was higher in males (54.1% vs 44.6%, p<0.001), unmarried (69.6% vs 44.8%, p<0.001), and Hispanic (16.3% vs 13.4%, p<0.001). Suicide ideation was much more frequent in oxycodone misusers (19.8% vs 10.1%, p<0.001). The prevalence of use and misuse of other substances in the previous year was significantly higher in the oxycodone misusers. Previous year marijuana use (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.41 – 2.57) was a significant predictor of oxycodone misuse while morphine users were 40% less likely to misuse oxycodone (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37 – 0.98). Similarly, hydrocodone use reduced the risk of oxycodone misuse by 64% (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.26 – 0.50).Self-reports of obtaining the oxycodone from sources other than the doctors increased the risk of oxycodone misuse by 96% (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.38 – 2.81). Hispanics (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.55) had a significantly higher probability to misuse oxycodone. Oxycodone misuse was significantly more likely among misusers of other opioids including morphine (OR: 5.19, 95% CI: 1.62 – 15.12) and buprenorphine (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.12 – 5.25). Previous year benzodiazepines misusers (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.62 – 3.67), stimulant misusers (OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.71 – 4.21) increased the risk for oxycodone misuse in the past year. Males (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.19 – 2.14) and individuals receiving medications for mental health treatment reported a higher risk of oxycodone misuse (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.02 – 2.09).\nConclusion: The current study used data from a nationally representative sample and indicated a high prevalence of oxycodone misuse. Our study highlighted risk factors associated with misuse of oxycodone, including gender, use and misuse of other substances including other opioids appear to be important predictors of oxycodone misuse. Tailored interventions and risk-screening measures to optimize oxycodone prescribing might be key in limiting the misuse and diversion of tis pain medication.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fh3q1x7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holstege", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kawai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tanabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Moira", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Saumitra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rege", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Will", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goodrich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:48:15+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:48:15+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:38:10+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17469/galley/8896/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17468, "title": "Patterns of SSRI Exposures Reported to the U.S. Poison Centers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: We sought to characterize the SSRIs exposures reported to the U.S. National Poison Data System (NPDS).\nBackground: More than 20 million antidepressants were prescribed between October and December 2020, a significant increase compared to the same months in the prior year. In 2017, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was mentioned in 57,254 single-substance toxic exposures reported to United States poison centers (PCs).\nMethods: The NPDS was queried for all human exposures to SSRIs reported to the U.S. Poison Centers (PCs) between 2015 and 2020. We descriptively assessed the demographic and clinical characteristics. Calls from acute care hospitals and hospital based EDs (ACH) were studied as a subgroup. Trends in SSRI exposures were analyzed using Poisson regression with percent changes being reported.\nResults: There were 346,082 SSRI exposure calls made to the PCs from 2015 to 2020, with the number of calls increasing from 51,791 to 62,504 during the study period. Single substance exposures accounted for 45.5% of such SSRI exposures. Of the total SSRI calls, the proportion of calls from acute care hospitals and EDs decreased from 56.2% to 53.2% from 2015 to 2020. Multiple substance exposures accounted for 65.5% of the overall SSRI calls from acute care hospitals and EDs. Approximately 15% of the patients reporting SSRI exposures were admitted to the critical care unit (CCU), with 18.8% patients admitted to a psychiatric unit. Residence was the most common site of exposure (94.2%), and 63.9% of these cases were enroute to the hospital via EMS when the PC was notified. Among the patients, 66.7% were male, with individuals between ages 13 and 19 years (31%) predominantly reported SSRI exposures. Suspected suicides (58.5%) and therapeutic errors (18.6%) were commonly observed reasons for exposure, with the former accounting for 83% cases reported by ACH. Major effects were seen in 3.7% cases and the case fatality rate for SSRI was 0.3%. Sertraline was the most commonly observed SSRI (23.6%). The most frequently co-occurring substances associated with the cases were atypical antipsychotics (9.3%) and benzodiazepines (8%). Tachycardia (19.7%) and drowsiness/lethargy (15.6%) were commonly observed clinical effects. During the study period, the frequency of SSRI exposures increased by 19.9% (95% CI: 16.2%, 22.7%; p<0.001), and the rate of SSRI exposures increased by 23.1% (95% CI: 15.2%, 29.2%; p<0.001).\nConclusion: There was a significant increase in the reports of SSRI exposures during the study with sertraline being the most commonly reported SSRI. Suspected suicides was the most common reason for exposure. Greater intervention and awareness initiatives are needed considering the severity of such overdoses.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gx7b2c4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Avery", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Michienzi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holstege", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cole", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Saumitra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rege", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:45:19+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:45:19+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:36:35+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17468/galley/8895/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17467, "title": "Serious Medical Outcomes due to Single Substance Opioid Exposures", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: The present study sought to evaluate the recent trends in the severe outcomes to single substance opioid exposures (SSO) reported to the U.S. poison centers (PCs).\nBackground: Misuse of prescription opioids continues to be a significant public health crisis globally. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there were more than 72,000 overdose deaths in the United States (U.S.), with 49,068 involving an opioid.\nMethods: The NPDS was queried for single substance opioid exposures that were reported to the U.S. PCs from 2011 to 2011. Cases with severe outcomes (SO) were defined as exposures that resulted in either a death or major clinical outcomes. We identified and descriptively assessed the relevant demographic and clinical characteristics. Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the trends in the number and rates (per 100,000 human exposures) of single substance opioid exposures resulting in SO. Percent changes from the first year of the study (2011) were reported with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Logistic regression was utilized to study the risk markers of severe outcomes.\nResults: Overall there were 308,202 single substance opioid-related cases reported to the U.S. PCs during the study period. The proportion of cases from ACH increased during the study period (32.9% vs 48.9%). Among cases with severe outcomes, ages between 20 and 29 years (27.9%) constituted the most common age group. Males accounted for 57.4% cases. Most exposures with SO occurred in a residence (83.7%). Hydrocodone (25.6%) was the most common opioid reported in cases followed by oxycodone (18.7%). Intentional abuse (48.4% vs 12.7%) and suspected suicides (24.7% vs 12.9%) were more common in exposures with SO compared to those without SO. Similarly, non-oral routes of administration were more common in exposures with SO (40.9% vs 8.1%). The rate of exposures with SO increased by 71.3% (95% CI: 63.4%, 79.9%, p<0.001). The risk of SO with single substance opioid-related exposures was the highest in cases between 50 and 59 years of age (Ref: 20 – 29 years) (AOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.52 – 1.71). Males were 16% more likely than females to have serious outcomes (AOR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.12 – 1.20). The risk for severe outcomes with single substance opioid exposures was significantly elevated in hydrocodone (AOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 2.30 – 2.58), oxycodone (AOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.55 – 1.73) and tramadol (AOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.69 – 1.92) exposures. Other Important predictors of a single substance opioid-related SO were suspected suicides (Ref: Unintentional exposure) (AOR: 3.82, 95% CI: 3.67 – 4.09), non-oral routes of administration (Ref: Ingestion) (AOR: 2.94, 95% CI: 2.80 – 3.00) and exposure in the west census region of the U.S. (Ref: Northeast region) (AOR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.16 – 1.28).\nConclusion: The number of single substance opioid exposures cases handled by the PCs decreased, but those with severe outcomes increased significantly. Hydrocodone and oxycodone were the most common opioid reported for the sample. Personalized evidence-based strategies, population level interventions, creation of protective environments, and better screening of patients are some key measure to limit this trend.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1fr159vb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aaron", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holsteg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kawai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tanabe", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Moira", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Saumitra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rege", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Will", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goodrich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:42:26+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:42:26+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:35:43+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17467/galley/8894/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17465, "title": "Slack Intern Curriculum Supports Intern Preparedness and Bridges Curriculum Gaps due to COVID-19", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Assess the effectiveness of social media implementation of an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestone-based curriculum during the spring 2020 U.S. COVID-19 surge. The hypothesis is that pre-interns will report improvements in PP regarding multiple ACGME milestone topics.\nBackground: Transitioning to residency involves translation of academic knowledge into clinical acumen, and is complicated by variable medical school experiences. The COVID-19 pandemic presented a new challenge by displacing students from clinical rotations. Virtual educational modalities such as the Slack Intern Curriculum (SIC) have increased newly-matched “pre-intern” perceived preparedness (PP) for residency in prior years, but the SIC had never been implemented or evaluated in a pandemic with disrupted medical education.\nMethods: The SIC was constructed using topics from 8 ACGME milestones in emergency medicine (EM), incorporated into 8 clinical scenarios. Residency recruitment occurred via national EM listservs; of 276 programs, 27 enrolled. Curricular implementation was on Slack workspaces. Cases included stimulus images and clinical questions. Ample discussion time, answers, and resources were provided. Trends in PP were calculated with descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test.\nResults: Of 311 total pre-interns contacted, 289 (92.9%) completed a presurvey in April/May 2020, and 240 (77.2%) completed a post-survey in June/July 2020, for an 83.9% follow-through rate. Pre-interns reported statistically significant increases in PP both overall and regarding 14 of 21 milestones. See Table 1.\nConclusion: Amidst the educational disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, pre-interns participating in the SIC reported statistically significant increases in PP. Limitations include absence of control or pre-pandemic data. Future directions include adapting the SIC to other specialties’ ACGME milestones for generalizability across all fields.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gr588wd", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hayes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Axelson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Frosso", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Adamakos", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Herman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michaela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Salvo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Moira", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davenport", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Tazeen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Abbas", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Thaddeus", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schmitt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:38:30+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:38:30+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:35:08+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17465/galley/8892/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17464, "title": "Analysis of Time-to-Disposition Intervals During Early and Late Parts of a Shift", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To assess whether time-to-disposition is significantly different when a patient is seen by a provider during the early half or late half of a shift.\nBackground: Time-to-disposition is an important metric for emergency department throughput. We hypothesized that providers view the shift end as a key timepoint and attempt to leave as few dispositions as possible to the oncoming team, thereby making quicker decisions later in the shift. This study evaluates disposition distribution relative to when patients are assigned a provider during the course of a shift.\nMethods: 50,802 cases were analyzed over the one-year study interval. 31,869 patients were seen in the early half of a shift (hours 1-4) and 18,933 were seen in the later half (hours 5+). We ran a linear mixed model that adjusted for age, gender, emergency severity index score, time of day, weekend arrivals, quarter of arrival and shift type.\nResults: Median time-to-disposition for the early group was 3.25 hours (IQR 1.90-5.04), and 2.62 hours (IQR 1.51-4.31) for the late group. From our mixed model, we conclude that in the later parts of the shift, providers take on average 15.1% less time to make a disposition decision than in the earlier parts of the shift.\nConclusion: Patients seen during the latter half of a shift were more likely to have a shorter time-to-disposition than similar patients seen in the first half of a shift. This may be influenced by many factors, such as providers spending the early hours of a shift seeing new patients which generate new tasks and delay dispositions, and viewing the end of shift as a landmark with a goal to maximize dispositions prior to sign-out.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4w5079gk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grossestreuer", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Joseph", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lakshman", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Balaji", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Leon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sanchez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Antkowiak", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:31:59+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:31:59+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:34:20+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17464/galley/8891/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17463, "title": "Variation in Trauma Team Response Fees in United States Trauma Centers", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Investigate the variation of the trauma team response fee (TTRF) among all levels of Trauma Centers (TC) Level I-IV, in different geographic regions in the U.S. (Midwest, West, South, Northeast U.S.).\nBackground: Investigate Hospital Medical Directors (HMD) and Trauma Medical Directors (TMD) knowledge of TTRF dollar amount in their institution.\nMethods:Setting 525 American College of Surgeons verified trauma centers (TC) in the U.S. Level I-IV TCs.TC’s in the continental U.S including Alaska and Hawaii.Data Collection Cross-sectional convenience sample. Online survey development cloud-based software, Survey Monkey.Responses from October 8, 2019 through March 11, 2020.\nResults: True costs of TTRF’s in the U.S remains elusive due to inadequate data. TTRF’s were higher in level II TC’s in the West compared to Level I’s. No statistically significant difference in TTRF’s despite geographical and cost of living differences. 41.3% of HMD are aware of dollar amount of TTRF’s. 56.5% of TMD are aware of dollar amount of TTRF’s.\nConclusion: Transparency in trauma costs is not common practice.Trauma Centers attempts to balance responsible financial billing and maintaining viability is an ongoing concern as trauma costs rise.Limited options are available to offset growing costs.Regulatory and public awareness of these increasing TTRF’s has resulted in a push for transparency Federal and state financial support is needed to aid TC’s to offset growing trauma care costs.Vigilant efforts are needed in patient advocacy to ensure all patients receive quality trauma care with justified associated charges.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5h2277sx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Arianna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Neeki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Fanglong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dong", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Serrano", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Louis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Mason", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Neeki", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Pamela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lux", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:27:27+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:27:27+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:33:48+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17463/galley/8890/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17462, "title": "Utilization of Telehealth Solutions for Patients with Opioid Use Disorder Using Buprenorphine: A Scoping Review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: A scoping review was conducted to examine the breadth of evidence related to telehealth innovations being utilized in the treatment of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) with buprenorphine and its effect on patient outcomes and healthcare delivery.\nBackground: With the opioid epidemic worsening from year to year, there is a critical need to connect with this growing population and get them access to life-saving interventions. Buprenorphine is shown to be associated with lower overdose rates and a decrease in opioid-related acute care, but has historically been underutilized in treatment for OUD. Previous studies have determined that geographical barriers and lack of access to DEA-waivered providers are common obstacles towards starting MAT. Telehealth presents itself as a solution to this discrepancy and is becoming more feasible to integrate into clinical practice.\nMethods: The authors systematically searched seven databases and websites for peer-reviewed and gray literature related to telehealth solutions for buprenorphine treatment published between 2008 and March 18, 2021. There were 69 articles which met inclusion criteria.\nResults: According to the reviewed literature, incorporation of telehealth technology with Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) for OUD is associated with higher patient satisfaction, comparable rates of retention, and an overall reduction in health care costs.\nConclusion: Utilization of synchronous videoconferencing has reportedly been effective in increasing access to and usage of buprenorphine by overcoming both geographical and logistical barriers. This has been made possible through the expansion of telehealth technologies and a substantial push towards relaxed federal guidelines, both of which were quickly escalated in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research is needed to fully quantify the effect of these factors; however, the results appear promising thus far and should urge policymakers to consider making these temporary policy changes permanent.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gs1g3n9", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Aileen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Guillen", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bharath", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chakravarthy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Minal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reddy", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Soheil", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Saadat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:13:05+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:13:05+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:32:56+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17462/galley/8889/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17461, "title": "Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on ED Adult Psychiatric Visits", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: Our goal was to determine whether the proportion of ED visits for specific psychiatric conditions, namely anxiety disorders, depression, self-harm/suicidal thoughts, bipolar disorder, and psychotic disorders, changed after the arrival of COVID-19.\nBackground: In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic reached the New York tri-state area, which, at the time, was one of the regions in the United States (US) that the virus most severely affected. ED visits dramatically declined, likely due to social isolation mandates and fear of exposure to the virus. Quarantining at home, fear of becoming sick, and job disruptions caused the level of stress in the population to increase. In a previous US study, the proportion of ED visits for some psychiatric conditions increased.\nMethods: Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: EDs of 28 hospitals within 150 miles of New York City. Hospitals were teaching and non-teaching in rural, suburban and urban areas. Total annual ED volumes were 12,000 to 122,000. Population: Consecutive ED patients = 21 years old from March 1 to November 30 in 2019 and 2020. Data analysis: We tallied the number of patients in 2019 and 2020 with anxiety disorders, depression, self-harm/suicidal thoughts, bipolar disorder, and psychotic disorders, identified using International Classification of Disease codes (version 10). We calculated the proportion of these visits to total ED visits in 2019 and 2020. We report the changes in these proportions from 2019 to 2020, along with 95% CIs.\nResults: Total ED visits decreased 27%, from 844,017 in 2019 to 618,195 in 2020. In 2019 and 2020 combined, the number of patients were: 13,151 with anxiety disorders, 6884 with depression, 8886 with suicidal ideation/self-harm, 3252 with bipolar disorder, and 7129 with psychotic disorders. The changes [with 95% CIs] in the proportion of visits from 2019 to 2020 were: anxiety disorders -1% [-4,+3%], depression -5% [-10,-1%], self-harm/suicidal thoughts +23% [+18,+29%], bipolar disorder +14% [+6, +22%], and psychotic disorders +23% [+18,+29%].\nConclusion: The proportion of adult ED visits for self-harm/suicidal thoughts, bipolar disorder, and psychotic disorders increased following the arrival of COVID-19, whereas the proportions for anxiety and depression changed minimally. These results are somewhat different from the findings in the previously reported study. Our study highlights the need for continued surveillance of the impact of COVID-19 on mental health.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6ng4j6vk", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Barnet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Eskin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Crystal", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bauman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Allegra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:09:54+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:09:54+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:32:22+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17461/galley/8888/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17451, "title": "Emergency Nurses’ Perceptions of Opioid Use Disorder and Its Treatment in the Emergency Department", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives: To describe the knowledge and attitudes of emergency nurses regarding caring for patients with opioid use disorder in the emergency department.\nBackground: Many eligible patients with opioid use disorder do not receive available emergency department services for treatment and harm mitigation. While prior study examined contributing provider factors, little is known of nursing factors. This study describes knowledge and attitudes of emergency nurses regarding patients with opioid use disorder and their evidence-based treatment services in the emergency department setting.\nMethods: Anonymous email surveys with novel and previously validated questions based on The Theory of Planned Behavior Framework were distributed to emergency department nurses at a large, urban tertiary-care hospital. Chi-Square and independent samples t-tests were used in analyses.\nResults: More than one third of nurses completed the questionnaire (39%, 85/218). Most showed willingness and confidence screening for substance use disorder (95% and 88% respectively). Higher confidence providing buprenorphine and take-home naloxone was significantly associated with having worked fewer years (8.33 v. 15.62 , p=0.01 and 7.38 v. 12.03, p=0.03 respectively). Confidence administering buprenorphine was significantly associated with receiving in-service training (p=0.03). Staff with knowledge of take-home naloxone, positive attitudes toward syringe service programs, and a belief in a biopsychosocial basis of addiction were significantly younger and had worked significantly fewer years than those not indicating these beliefs. Specific educational gaps were identified.\nConclusion: Emergency nurses display willingness to champion evidence-based care for patients with opioid use disorder. Younger age and having worked fewer years were significantly associated with positive attitudes towards recovery science, harm mitigation, and services knowledge. Having worked fewer years was significantly associated with greater confidence performing treatment and harm mitigation. In-service training was significantly associated with greater confidence administering buprenorphine. Further study should support generalizability and determine which staff development measures generate improved outcomes.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9230q4fn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Christiana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Prucnal", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Dawn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Williamson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samuels", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Kristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Monteiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Samuels-Kalow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-15T04:25:34+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-15T04:25:34+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:31:35+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17451/galley/8883/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17450, "title": "Efforts to Diversify Faculty Within Emergency Departments: A National Survey of Department Heads", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Objectives:1. To determine how diverse are emergency departmental faculty nationally 2. To determine what modalities emergency medicine department faculty are utilizing to achieve diversity within their departments 3. To determine how effective those modalities have been in achieving diversity in emergency medicine departments\nBackground: There has been a growing amount of evidence that clinician bias, racism, inequality, stereotyping, and discrimination has indeed contributed to health inequities. These variables have been proven to have negative effects on patient care and health outcomes. Countless studies have shown that diversifying the physician workforce can produce better patient outcomes and decrease the number of health disparities. Patients are more likely to communicate a higher level of care satisfaction when treated by health professionals who share the same racial, ethnic, or cultural background as them. Although many health centers, hospitals, and divisions are determined to promote diversity among their faculty and staff, minority representation has made very little progress. This study aims to determine how diverse are Emergency Medicine departments nationwide, how is diversity being promoted, and how effective are those methods.\nMethods: This is a national convenience sampling of 263 Emergency Medicine department heads including medical directors, section chiefs, and department chairs. A REDCap based questionnaire was developed and distributed to the listserv. Participation was tracked and weekly follow-up reminders were sent to participants. Interim analysis was conducted on participants. All statistical analyses were carried out in SAS 9.4. Fisher’s exact tests were used to assess the associations between variables.\nResults: For the interim analysis, we look at the first 24 responses which consisted of 17 males (70.8%) and 7 (29.2%) females with aligning gender identity. Participants were white (91.7%), black (8.3%), and Hispanic/Latino (4.2%). Looking at suburban vs urban programs where 3 to 5, 6 to 10, and > 10 physicians of color were hired, suburban (0, 0, 0) vs urban (4, 3, 3) respectively; (p= 0.0483).\nConclusion: Upon assessing the first 24 respondents for this interim analysis, we can conclude that 66.7% of the participants classify as white males. While 66% of the leaders who were non-white hired 6 to 10 physicians of color, only 5% of white leaders hired 6 to 10 physicians of color. When asked how successful their efforts were to diversify their staff, 3 respondents reported that their efforts were very successful and 20 reported either partially or not very successful. There was an association between the type of location (suburban vs urban) and the number of physicians of color hired when looking at programs that hired 3 or more physicians of color.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6cz853zt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Darian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harris", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Evrim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oral", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Lisa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moreno", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stacey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rhodes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-15T04:22:53+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-15T04:22:53+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-20T07:30:31+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17450/galley/8882/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 53, "title": "Prediction in the maze: Evidence for probabilistic pre-activation from the English a/an contrast", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt\">The idea that comprehenders predict upcoming linguistic content has become core to many theories of language processing. Experimental studies exploiting morphosyntactic and phonotactic constraints on a word form preceding a high cloze target word have been key to underpinning predictive accounts of comprehension, but investigating these tight sequential contrasts with traditional behavioral methods is difficult. The maze task, with its more focal measure of incremental processing, may provide a cheap and easy methodology to study early cues to prediction. An experiment investigating the a/an contrast (DeLong, Urbach, & Kutas, 2005; Nieuwland, et al., 2018) using A-maze (Boyce, Futrell, & Levy, 2020) finds that unexpected articles, as well as nouns, elicit slower focal response times. Response times are also shown to be inversely related to noun cloze probabilities, with slower responders showing larger effects of expectation. This study demonstrates that the maze task can be sensitive to expectation and is a useful alternative methodology for investigating prediction in comprehension.<br></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Brief Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dz7z3q3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "Matthew", "last_name": "Husband", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Oxford", "department": "Faculty of Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-07-26T21:07:58.521000+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-05-14T03:18:03.936000+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-19T21:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/53/galley/22/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/53/galley/21/download/" }, { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/53/galley/22/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 35806, "title": "21st Century Ballet, 20th Century Racism", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "One incident startled a young dancer in class and causes her to wonder: Why can’t the ballet world move forward? What can we do to incite change?", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Dance Major Journal 10", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fn772w1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Lauren", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Evans", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-19T06:38:00+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-19T06:38:00+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-18T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/dmj/article/35806/galley/26671/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 2394, "title": "Beyond the crime scene: designing a criminalistics module in a Legal Spanish course", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "One of the major challenges for any L2 teacher is to integrate vocabulary components into a course. Determining what words to select in order to satisfy the goals of the course and what instructional methodology best suits the purpose of vocabulary learning are not easy tasks. Even more difficult is dealing with the formulaic terminology of a domain-specific vocabulary that students have not previously encountered. In this paper, I describe a criminalistics module within a Legal Spanish course that has a mock trial as a final assignment. In order to learn the terminology for the final assignment, incidental vocabulary learning through reading, watching a movie, and listening to a talk was seen as complementary, but not sufficient. Instead, intentional vocabulary learning has proven more effective because it reinforces retention of novel vocabulary and leads to its eventual production in the final task.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Language for Specific Purposes" }, { "word": "Needs analysis" }, { "word": "Context-embedded Vocabulary Learning" }, { "word": "Word Combinations" }, { "word": "Legal Spanish" } ], "section": "Teachers' Forum", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56m5k8ff", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Anna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alsina Naudi", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Princeton University", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-01-27T00:59:12+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-01-27T00:59:12+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-16T07:27:44+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2394/galley/1486/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 2396, "title": "Gender neutral and non-binary language practices in the Spanish language classroom: Tensions between disciplinary and societal changes", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This paper is motivated by growing, inexorable tensions between societal impetus to advance inclusive (non-binary) linguistic change across many Spanish-speaking communities, and the seemingly removed reality of the Spanish as a world language classroom. As a first step in reconciling these tensions and breaking free from apparent disciplinary inertia, we set out to map out extant scholarly literature around these complex matters. This critical appraisal inspired by and rhizomatically anchored in queer and decolonial theories and guided by the urgent need for radical (re)alignment of our language teaching praxis to advocate for diversity and inclusion beyond violently oppressive, colonial, cis-heteropatriarchal norms. We begin by tracing the genealogy of inclusive language change in Spanish, and various attempts across Spanish-speaking communities to broaden understandings of grammatical gender in ways that reflect inclusion of gender-diverse and gender nonconforming people. We then explore these linguistic changes in relation to the views of scholars and governing institutions, who may be seen as custodians of the language’s standardisation, stability, and correctness. In so doing, we consider critically the traditional reliance of the (Spanish) language teaching field on prescriptive norms that may ultimately impair teachers’ agentic responses to the realities of the classroom. Finally, we consider extant research across a variety of language teaching contexts and how this growing body of work may help inform renewed pedagogical praxis in the Spanish language classroom. We conclude by posing reflexive questions which we hope may prompt deeper, generative conversations around these matters.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "inclusive language, LGBTQIA+, non-binary language, Spanish language teaching and learning, higher education" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vm455x0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Adriana", "middle_name": "Raquel", "last_name": "Diaz", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "School of Languages and Cultures\nGordon Greenwood Building \nThe University of Queensland", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Glenda", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mejía", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Global and Languages Studies with the School of Global, Urban and Social Studies at RMIT University, Australia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrés", "middle_name": "Gabriel", "last_name": "Villamizar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St Mark's College, Adelaide", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-01-31T21:53:33+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-01-31T21:53:33+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-16T07:23:22+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/l2/article/2396/galley/1487/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45548, "title": "Cardiac Tamponade in Coccidioidomycosis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5z63m5fg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hamilton", "name_suffix": "MS", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Shipra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hingorany", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:22:26+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45548/galley/34334/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45547, "title": "A Case of Heterotopic Pancreatic Tissue at the Gastroesophageal Junction", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7372s431", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Briana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alvarado", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Sepehr", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hamidi", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Vikas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pabby", "name_suffix": "MD, MPH", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:18:20+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45547/galley/34333/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45546, "title": "Refractory Hypoxia Post Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86s4t6w6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Abdul Elah", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Assi", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Melkon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hacobian", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Asim", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Rafique", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:15:12+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45546/galley/34332/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45545, "title": "Is It Thrombus or Embolism? Etiologies of Myocardial Infarction with No Obstructive Coronary Atherosclerosis (MINOCA)", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fv105jt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Ahlers", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bae", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Harrell", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Asim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rafique", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Ayoub", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:10:23+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45545/galley/34331/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45544, "title": "Herpes Zoster Pseudohernia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8t6844kf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Diana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sarkisyan", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:08:20+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45544/galley/34330/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45543, "title": "Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV): A Re-Emerging Sexually Transmitted Infection", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/25m5w55s", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Joshua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Khalili", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Young", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:05:18+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45543/galley/34329/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45542, "title": "Believe it or Not? Elder Abuse Allegations from a Patient with Dementia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fj7m0pj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Ryan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Uyan", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Emiley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chang", "name_suffix": "MD, MPH", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:04:09+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45542/galley/34328/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45541, "title": "Minimizing Vancomycin-Associated Acute Interstitial Nephritis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9rw392bm", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Nolan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Giehl", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Niloofar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nobakht", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Mohammad", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kamgar", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zuckerman", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:02:31+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45541/galley/34326/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45539, "title": "Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in a Case of Submassive Pulmonary Embolism Refractory to Systemic Thrombolysis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0wf6r35d", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wei", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Soverow", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T02:01:15+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45539/galley/34325/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45538, "title": "TB or Not TB? That is the Question: Thalamic Tuberculoma Mimicking Malignancy", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7346728b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Oscar", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Gallardo Huizar", "name_suffix": "MD, MSc", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Cassandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lautredou", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Jenice", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cheah", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Caitlin", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Reed", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:59:27+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45538/galley/34324/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45537, "title": "Ankylosing Spondylitis and IgA Nephropathy A Case of Inflammatory Arthritis and Associated Glomerulonephritis", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1p74f542", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Tamara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dahhan", "name_suffix": "DO", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Raghu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Konanur", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:56:37+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45537/galley/34323/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45536, "title": "Nitrate Hypersensitivity", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3gb8p8gb", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Samantha", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Swain", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Lorraine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Anderson", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:54:15+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45536/galley/34322/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45535, "title": "IgG4 Related Disease: A Clinical Challenge", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zj7g7cn", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eddie", "middle_name": "H.L.", "last_name": "Hu", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:53:01+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45535/galley/34321/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 15725, "title": "Trends of Pandemic Parenting in Medical Academia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction:\n The pandemic has been difficult on physicians, with two fifths of doctors in one survey reporting that their mental health is now worse than before the pandemic. It is likely that a significant proportion of these physicians are parents of children necessitating childcare, as approximately 32% of the US workforce has someone in their household under the age of 14. We sought to study the impact of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on physician parents in academia. Our goal was to investigate the intersection of professional and personal challenges, as well as perceived impact on domestic life and professional development secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic. \n \nMethods:\n Using Survey Monkey, we developed a 37-question survey to address the aim of this study. Questions were grouped into four categories: demographics; impact on childcare; impact on care; and impact on mental health/wellness. Most of the questions were multiple choice with a few fill-in-the-blank options to allow participants to provide additional information related to their experiences as physicians during the pandemic. A link to the survey was disseminated via email to physicians at our home institution, Rush University Medical Center (Chicago), via our own intra- and interdepartmental communications, We used private social media accounts such as Facebook physician groups to reach out to physicians at other academic medical centers. Survey responses were voluntary and collected anonymously over an eight-week period, without identifiable data. Inclusion criteria included any physician identifying themselves as working full or full or part time in an academic facility in the US and caregivers for children <18 years.\nResults:\n Survey respondents were mostly female (83.2%), practicing in the Midwest (61.2%), and ranked as assistant professor (59.5%). The majority of respondents had two children (65.1%) who were <11 years in age (85.6%). Most respondents worked full time with 72.8% working over 50% clinically. Childcare was disrupted for 171 of 232 respondents (73.7%); 62.9% struggled with balancing work with childcare; 81.9% worried often or very often about fulfilling their responsibilities. A vast majority, 210 of 232 respondents (90.5%) had some degree of concern about feeling overburdened by their roles. More than half (57.3%) worried that their professional advancement was impacted by the pandemic, and 53.9% considered making adjustments to their clinical workload/. Over half (51.6%) thought that increased domestic responsibilities impacted their professional advancement . \n \nConclusion: \nIn the survey, which was completed primarily by early-career women physicians practicing in a variety of specialties and geographic regions, we noted that childcare disruption amidst the pandemic was extremely prevalent. The majority of respondents reported full-time equivalent work; thus, it is reasonable to assume that significant workloads and limitations in remote work in combination with childcare constraints resulted in significant burden. A large number felt the challenges were negatively impacting their professional development and felt overburdened by their various roles.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Parenting, Academia, Burnout" } ], "section": "Women's Health", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9927c1p7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Meeta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shah", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush Medical University Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Holmes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush Medical University Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Inna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Husain", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush Medical University Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Dayle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davenport", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush Medical University Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sheila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dugan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush Medical University Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sobia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ansari", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Rush Medical University Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-07-15T04:49:28+08:00", "date_accepted": "2021-07-15T04:49:28+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:49:52+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/15725/galley/7886/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16226, "title": "Where Have All the FLOWERS Gone? A Multicenter Investigation of Frequent Users of Midwest Emergency Department Services During the COVID-19 Stay-at-home Orders", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction:\n In this study we aimed to determine the impact of the mandatory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic stay-at-home order on the proportional makeup of emergency department (ED) visits by frequent users and super users. \nMethods:\n We conducted a secondary analysis of existing data using a multisite review of the medical records of 280,053 patients to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic stay-at-home order on ED visits. The primary outcomes included analysis before and during the lockdown in determining ED use and unique characteristics of non-frequent, frequent, and super users of emergency services.\nResults:\n During the mandatory COVID-19 stay-at-home order (lockdown), the percentage of frequent users increased from 7.8% (pre-lockdown) to 21.8%. Super users increased from 0.7% to 4.7%, while non-frequent users dropped from 91.5% to 73.4%. Frequent users comprised 23.7% of all visits (4% increase), while super user encounters (4.7%) increased by 53%. Patients who used Medicaid and Medicare increased by 39.3% and 4.6%, respectively, while those who were uninsured increased ED use by 190.3% during the lockdown.\nConclusion:\n When barriers to accessing healthcare are implemented as part of a broader measure to reduce the spread of an infectious agent, individuals reliant on these services are more likely to seek out the ED for their medical needs. Policymakers considering future pandemic planning should consider this finding to ensure that vital healthcare resources are allocated appropriately.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "COVID-19" }, { "word": "Stay-at-Home Orders" }, { "word": "lockdown" }, { "word": "Frequent Users of the Emergency Department" }, { "word": "FEDU" }, { "word": "Super users of the emergency department" }, { "word": "EDSU" }, { "word": "non-frequent users of the emergency department" }, { "word": "NFEDU" }, { "word": "ED utilization" } ], "section": "Emergency Department Operations", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vv3j97f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Howard", "middle_name": "William", "last_name": "Levitin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Bruce", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Jones", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marie", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Lockhart", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Lloyd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Meenal", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Sharkey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Willette", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrew", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Kalnow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-12-17T10:07:33+08:00", "date_accepted": "2021-12-17T10:07:33+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:41:16+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16226/galley/8143/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16583, "title": "Economic Evaluation of Ultrasound-guided Central Venous Catheter Confirmation vs Chest Radiography in Critically Ill Patients: A Labor Cost Model", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction:\n Despite evidence suggesting that point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is faster and non-inferior for confirming position and excluding pneumothorax after central venous catheter (CVC) placement compared to traditional radiography, millions of chest radiographs (CXR) are performed annually for this purpose. Whether the use of POCUS results in cost savings compared to CXR is less clear but could represent a relative advantage in implementation efforts. Our objective in this study was to evaluate the labor cost difference for POCUS-guided vs CXR-guided CVC position confirmation practices.\nMethods:\n We developed a model to evaluate the per patient difference in labor cost between POCUS-guided vs CXR-guided CVC confirmation at our local urban, tertiary academic institution. We used internal cost data from our institution to populate the variables in our model. \nResults: \nThe estimated labor cost per patient was $18.48 using CXR compared to $14.66 for POCUS, resulting in a net direct cost savings of $3.82 (21%) per patient using POCUS for CVC confirmation. \nConclusion:\n In this study comparing the labor costs of two approaches for CVC confirmation, the more efficient alternative (POCUS-guided) is not more expensive than traditional CXR. Performing an economic analysis framed in terms of labor costs and work efficiency may influence stakeholders and facilitate earlier adoption of POCUS for CVC confirmation.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "central venous catheter" }, { "word": "ultrasonography interventional" }, { "word": "Chest radiograph" }, { "word": "cost analysis, POCUS" } ], "section": "Technology in Emergency Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1709s9wp", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Enyo", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Ablordeppey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, St. Louis, Missouri; Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Koenig", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Abigail", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Barker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University, Center for Health Economics and Policy at the Institute for Public Health, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Emily", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Hernandez", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University, Center for Health Economics and Policy at the Institute for Public Health, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Suzanne", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Simkovich", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Medstar Health Research Institute, Division of Healthcare Delivery Research, Hyattsville, Maryland; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Krings", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Derek", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Brown", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University in St. Louis, Brown School, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Griffey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-02-21T11:05:54+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-02-21T11:05:54+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-16T01:28:17+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16583/galley/8388/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25233, "title": "A brief overview of climatization strategies of historic houses in the Netherlands: From “one size fits all” to “a process of deliberation”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In this paper, the authors would like to review a selection of historic houses that have been renovated in the past 25 years and in which the climate has been optimized. The observations are intended as a general overview made from a governmental perspective. The paper provides general descriptions of a selection of projects in which the agency has been involved. With this paper the authors hope to inspire the reader by presenting the decision-making process and the lessons learned for these case studies against the backdrop of climate change. Are the solutions that were chosen sustainable, and are the museums now more resilient to climate change?", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2367d9b8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bart", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ankersmit", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Marc", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Stappers", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:51:52+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:51:52+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25233/galley/14862/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25227, "title": "A history of recent US World Heritage nominations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The United States resumed making nominations to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2009, after a period of 15 years during which no nominations had been made. In the US, the National Park Service’s Office of International Affairs (OIA) is responsible for the World Heritage Program, under the authority of the Department of the Interior. OIA manages the process to identify candidate sites for nomination, and guides the preparation of nominations, which are now lengthy documents, similar to a book in size and scope. The small office has overseen seven World Heritage nominations during this recent era; of those, four have been inscribed on the World Heritage list, one was withdrawn, and two are in process. This article describes the little-known processes involved in World Heritage nominations and the issues, including the international context, that influence their selection and ultimate success or failure.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives (Non-Peer Reviewed)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hs873dr", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Phyllis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ellin", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:30:30+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:30:30+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25227/galley/14856/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25221, "title": "Bread and Roses", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A poem in the \"Verse in Place\" section of Parks Stewardship Forum.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Verse in Place", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/865700b8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Oppenheim", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:01:49+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:01:49+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25221/galley/14850/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25237, "title": "Climate change and cultural resources: Navigating a precarious future", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Parks around the world contain abundant examples of how climate change is affecting the resources within. Here in the United States, climate change is giving a new urgency to the National Park Service (NPS) mandate to preserve places that tell the story of our country’s vast geography and complex history “for the benefit of future generations.” Specialists focusing on preserving historic structures, monuments, museum collections, archaeological sites, and other cultural resources are increasingly called upon to address the consequences of a changing climate. Here, we introduce the theme papers in this issue of Parks Stewardship Forum.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9410n3gf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Breuker", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Naomi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kroll Hassebroek", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T08:03:52+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T08:03:52+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25237/galley/14866/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25231, "title": "Climate change and Martin Van Buren National Historic Site: Building a holistic plan", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "In a world where the devastating and immediate impacts of climate change threaten fundamental resources and visitor experiences at iconic National Park Service (NPS) sites like Yosemite and Yellowstone, how do smaller NPS units like Martin Van Buren National Historic Site (MAVA) plan for climate change resilience?", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kn5m8xx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Megan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "O'Malley", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:41:21+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:41:21+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25231/galley/14860/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25240, "title": "Cover, Masthead, and Table of Contents PSF Vol. 38 No. 3", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Cover, Masthead, and Table of Contents", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4pv4t2gv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "The", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "PSF Editorial Team", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T08:13:23+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T08:13:23+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25240/galley/14869/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25229, "title": "Cultural heritage resources in climate action", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "With the climate warming faster now than during any period in human history, every part of society—including the cultural sector— has a responsibility to advance changes that benefit communities now and in the future. Both intangible and tangible cultural heritage play an important role in climate adaptation, mitigation, and resilience activities around the world, and can help mobilize climate action by optimizing connections to people and communities. Cultural heritage climate action applications range from sites providing a safe haven for communities during severe weather, to using artifacts like photographs as proxy indicators of climate change, to developing low- and zero-carbon footprint exhibitions. The authors follow the Talanoa Dialogue, a pattern of exploration and goal setting often used in cooperative planning for climate action. The process begins with “Where are we now?”, then proceeds to “Where do we want to go?”, and concludes with “How are we going to get there? This article outlines the origin, current practice, and future of cultural heritage resources in climate action, and concludes with recommendations for how to reach a place where cultural heritage plays a more significant role in taking and influencing climate action. Globally and nationally, the cultural sector’s footprint is significant. No site can avoid impacts from the changing climate; neither can their communities.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d50n988", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shapiro", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sutton", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:35:10+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:35:10+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25229/galley/14858/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25239, "title": "Four signs", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A trip to Cumberland Island National Seashore prompted our \"Letter from Woodstock\" columnist to think about what signs in parks tell us about what the National Park Service thinks is important—and how the stories the agency is telling are changing.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Points of View", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j65b88k", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rolf", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Diamant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T08:11:14+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T08:11:14+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25239/galley/14868/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25236, "title": "Mapping and the future of caring for the past: Using GIS as a tool to understand the risk of emergencies to cultural heritage collections", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Natural and human-caused disasters have always been a risk to museums, libraries, archives, and all types of cultural heritage collections. The increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events brought about by climate change indicate that risk assessment and emergency preparedness and response will become even more important in caring for these collections in the future. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the art conservation and heritage preservation communities in the United States have worked to develop tools and networks for organizations preparing for and responding to collections emergencies. Some of these initiatives, including an interactive map called \nActive Weather Risks for Museums, Libraries, and Archives,\n have included the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in mapping cultural heritage assets and identifying location-specific risks. Continued research into the applications for GIS in responsive risk assessment and emergency planning, and the utilization of publicly available hazard data from emergency management organizations and climate scientists, will help prevent catastrophic damage to our nation’s collections.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w11k8p1", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Madeline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cooper", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:58:13+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:58:13+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25236/galley/14865/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25222, "title": "National parks, highways, and climate change", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "This visual essay in \"The Photographer's Frame\" explores how Americans’ love affair with road trips made a marriage of national park scenic landscapes and automobiles nearly inevitable—and has helped, literally, drive climate change.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "The Photographer's Frame", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4bj9q2w7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Gary", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Dorothy", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Davis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:08:57+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:08:57+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25222/galley/14851/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25235, "title": "Plan the work, work the plan: An introduction to the National Park Service Climate, Science, and Disaster Response Program", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The climate crisis poses significant and unprecedent threats to the resources stewarded by the National Park Service (NPS). Some impacts are already apparent, while understanding of other outcomes is still developing. While the rate and magnitude of climate change ultimately depends on worldwide management of greenhouse gas emissions, resource managers today face choices about what actions to take, despite the uncertainty. To support the mission of NPS and its cultural resource preservation goals, the Climate, Science, and Disaster Response (CSDR) Program has been developed to explore climate impacts, provide cultural resource expertise, and expand and accelerate initiatives related to cultural resources and climate change adaptation. Here we introduce the construct of the CSDR program, share the components of the program’s 2022–2025 Action Plan, and highlight initial activities.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pd3b2x7", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeneva", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Wright", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Morris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hylton III", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:56:22+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:56:22+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25235/galley/14864/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25224, "title": "Recent protected area–Indigenous Peoples research articles in Canada and the USA: A meta-review", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "We conducted a meta-review of 66 peer-reviewed articles published between 2008–2020 concerning Indigenous Peoples’ interactions with protected areas in the United States of America and Canada. Our meta-analysis centered on characterizing this literature’s response to the concerns of critical Indigenous studies by examining the topical, geographic, and disciplinary scope of the literature, as well as authors’ backgrounds and the journals where research is published. We additionally considered the presence of Indigenous persons as authors and participants. We found the literature is published widely, across many journals and disciplines. The research is concentrated in a handful of states and provinces. One article explicitly used Indigenous research methods, although Indigenous research participants were common in articles outside of the disciplines of history and law. Yet, those two disciplines dominate the current literature. We conclude that the community of scholars for whom relationships between parks and Indigenous Peoples are the central research question is smaller than those for whom it is one aspect of their research agenda.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Advances in Research and Management (Peer-Reviewed)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2h47967f", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Forrest", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hisey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Chance", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Finegan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Andrea", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Olive", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:14:10+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:14:10+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25224/galley/14853/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25223, "title": "Science and the evolving management of environmental hazards at Yosemite National Park", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "US national park managers must address a complex portfolio of foreseen and unforeseen challenges that arise in part from a dual mandate to preserve nature and facilitate visitation. To deal with resource management challenges, managers can identify potential pathways toward a solution through the use of science to inform policy and guide actions. The way science has been applied has evolved over the course of the National Park Service’s history, in large part due to the prevailing societal context and ways of thinking about the environment, and relatedly as a necessity to mitigate the impact from development and anthropogenic climate change. Landscape-scale environmental hazards are a fitting proxy to recount the changing use of science and policy because biophysical processes become most hazardous at the interface of infrastructure and the natural environment, where people are most exposed. This paper synthesizes modern administrative and environmental histories of hazards in Yosemite National Park from the late19th century to the early 21st century through archival records and long-term data, including significant events and trends in wildland fire, tree mortality (falls), extreme floods, and rockfalls and slides. Findings confirm increased severity and extent of wildland fire, correlations between periods of drought and high rates of tree mortality, warmer precipitation events lead to earlier annual peak streamflow, and connections between periods of prolonged cold with rockfalls, and prolonged precipitation with slides. These hazards exist as an interconnected system in the context of high seasonal visitation, and while there are averages of seasonal conditions over time, there are no “normal” years.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Advances in Research and Management (Peer-Reviewed)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82h4x507", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jeffrey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jenkins", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:12:05+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:12:05+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25223/galley/14852/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25234, "title": "Strategies for meaningful engagement: A commentary on collaboration in archaeological climate adaptation planning", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "There are calls from cultural resources professionals, academics, and diverse stakeholders for multivocality, co-creation of knowledge, and inclusion of local and traditional input in the management of cultural resources situated on public lands. Yet, associated communities often have little control or influence on management of their heritage sites beyond mandated consultation, particularly for archaeological sites. In a US National Park Service (NPS) context, managers are guided by standardized criteria, existing data management systems, and policy- and eligibility-based funding streams. The influences of these criteria, systems, and policies are particularly powerful when managers are prioritizing action for climate adaptation, as policy guidance focuses attention to cultural resources that are both significant and vulnerable to climate stressors. The results of a variety of engagement activities with Tribal Nations and NPS staff show that the co-creation of knowledge requires meaningful engagements, the valuing of Traditional Knowledges, and bridging the culture–nature divide. This paper highlights successful examples of such meaningful engagements and offers strategies for collaboration between NPS and citizens and staff of Tribal Nations in climate change adaptation planning for cultural resources on public lands.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qs74852", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Courtney", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hotchkiss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Erin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Seekamp", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alicia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McGill", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:54:15+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:54:15+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25234/galley/14863/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25228, "title": "The power and potential of citizen science for park bonding, advocacy, and stewardship", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Citizen science represents an opportunity to invite and encourage broad connections with the scientific community. Fundamentally, the research strategy urges public participation to answer important research questions. Citizen science offers tremendous possibilities to welcome a diverse audience to engage with science on public lands while addressing relevant management questions. The work described in this paper emphasizes the potential for using citizen science in the US national parks to not only advance pertinent scientific inquiry but also foster an appreciation for protected lands. It highlights the Rocky Mountain Sustainability and Science Network (RMSSN) as an organization that has capitalized on citizen science to explore worthwhile social–cultural and environmental studies. Furthermore, RMSSN has stressed the importance of leveraging a diverse cohort of graduate and undergraduate students to accomplish such work. This approach has resulted in participants expressing an enhanced, deeper appreciation for the parks, recognizing them as special places, with stronger motivations to steward and advocate for them. The diverse social components of the citizen science-based experience appeared to have a critical role in cultivating such a response.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives (Non-Peer Reviewed)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bq1r4j4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Halliwell", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Gillian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bowser", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Whipple", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alia", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Maricela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "DeMirjyn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Stefan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Moss", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:33:12+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:33:12+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25228/galley/14857/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25238, "title": "The power to question: A tribute to Dr. Nina S. Roberts, 1960–2022", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "A tribute to the late Dr. Nina S. Roberts, who authored the \"Coloring Outside the Lines\" column in Parks Stewardship Forum.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Points of View", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1216z9mt", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "The", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "PSF Editorial Team", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T08:06:50+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T08:06:50+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25238/galley/14867/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25230, "title": "The Witness Tree project: A portfolio", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The Witness Tree \nis a photography project about the effects of climate change around the world. From the melting ice of Antarctica to the wildfires of Australia to the encroaching deserts of Inner Mongolia, I am drawn to precious and precarious places that mark the shifting boundaries between nature and the effects of our not-so-natural disasters. I want to show the eerie, discordant landscapes in our stormy, drying world. I want to capture this life before it goes away and because I want it to live.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6j28t1d6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Carolyn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Monastra", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:38:53+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:38:53+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25230/galley/14859/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25226, "title": "Three landscapes: An excerpt from Olmsted and Yosemite: Civil War, Abolition, and the National Park Idea", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "The authors situate the intellectual foundations of the US national park system in the thinking of Frederick Law Olmsted, and analyze how Olmsted himself was shaped by the Civil War.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives (Non-Peer Reviewed)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/10q8x068", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Rolf", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Diamant", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ethan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carr", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:28:33+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:28:33+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25226/galley/14855/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25225, "title": "Using the best available science: An excerpt from National Parks Forever: Fifty Years of Fighting and a Case for Independence", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Two brothers recount their experiences with US national parks and the National Park Service, and make the case that the Park Service should be an independent agency.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "New Perspectives (Non-Peer Reviewed)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xf587nx", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Jarvis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "T.", "middle_name": "Destry", "last_name": "Jarvis", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:22:08+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:22:08+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25225/galley/14854/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 25232, "title": "Why do we keep doing this? An argument for informed environmental assessments", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "There is too often a tendency to presume that particular environments can be created within historic house museums simply by “tightening up” the envelope and installing sophisticated mechanical equipment. This approach is unsustainable from many standpoints. Extensive mechanical systems can be intrusive or damaging to historic fabric, expensive to operate and maintain (to the point of overwhelming the financial capacity of institutions), and inadvertently hasten climate change. Careful consideration should be given to the basis for expected environments to be maintained with respect to both the actual needs of the collections and the capacity of the envelope to contain them. Only with a thorough understanding of both, gained through survey, testing, and monitoring, can mechanical systems be appropriately designed. In so doing, one must be willing to use to fullest advantage the structure’s inherent historical methods of environmental modulation, and to creatively think “outside the box” when applying modern mechanical systems to fulfill the need.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Featured Theme Articles", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5514k8zf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bittermann", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-09-23T07:43:43+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-09-23T07:43:43+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T15:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/psf/article/25232/galley/14861/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16463, "title": "Comment on “Comparing Physician Assistant and Nurse Practitioner Practice in US Emergency Departments, 2010-2017”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Statistics, Physician Assistant, Nurse Practitioner" } ], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0bc279zf", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Croughan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. James Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dublin, Ireland", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Deirdre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Glynn", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "St. James Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dublin, Ireland", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-01-17T14:16:43+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-01-17T14:16:43+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T07:18:13+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16463/galley/8334/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17221, "title": "Response to Comment on”Comparing Physician Assistant and Nurse Practitioner Practice in US Emergency Departments, 2010–2017”", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "n/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Letters to the Editor", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13c5m9fs", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Darracq", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fresno, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Fred", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fresno, California", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-08-18T01:05:46+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-08-18T01:05:46+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T07:11:53+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17221/galley/8706/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 15606, "title": "Electronic Health Record-based COVID-19 Interprofessional Case Collaboration", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "N/a", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "COVID-19" }, { "word": "Medical Education, Interprofessional Education, Electronic Health Record (EMR)" } ], "section": "Education", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4r25v15j", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Bryce", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ringwald", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Suhair", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shawar", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Camilla", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Curren", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCallister", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jose", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bazan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mead", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Kman", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbus, Ohio", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-06-29T01:08:49+08:00", "date_accepted": "2021-06-29T01:08:49+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-15T03:22:01+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/15606/galley/7845/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 47, "title": "Cross-lingual priming of cognates and interlingual homographs from L2 to L1", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p><span style=\"left: 594.624px; top: 652.774px; transform: scaleX(0.98263);\" role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"><p style=\"\">The aim of the current study was to explore whether lexical processing in a bilingual’s first language (L1) can be influenced by recent experience in their second language (L2). We focussed on word forms that exist in both their languages, and have either the same meaning (cognates) or a different meaning (interlingual homographs). Our previous experiments provided evidence for the reverse form of cross-lingual priming: processing of interlingual homographs in a bilingual’s L2 is delayed by recent experience with these words in their L1, while processing of cognates can be speeded up (Poort et al., 2016; Poort & Rodd, 2019b). In the current experiment, Dutch–English bilinguals (n = 106) first encountered cognates (n = 50), interlingual homographs (n = 50) and translation equivalents (n = 50) embedded in English sentences. After a 15 minute delay they made Dutch semantic relatedness judgements to these target words. Significant cross-lingual priming was observed for the interlingual homographs, but not for the cognates. The magnitude of this L2-to-L1 priming effect did not differ from our earlier L1-to-L2 priming effect (Poort & Rodd, 2019b). We also addressed subsidiary questions regarding the (unprimed) processing of cognates and interlingual homographs. Consistent with our previous findings (Poort & Rodd, 2019b), we found a large interlingual homograph inhibition effect in an L1 semantic relatedness task, but no evidence for a cognate facilitation effect in this task. These findings together emphasise the high level of cross-lingual interaction in the bilingual mental lexicon, especially in language-switching contexts.</p><p style=\"font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16.6667px;\"><br></p></span></p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Regular Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4673333b", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Eva", "middle_name": "Denise", "last_name": "Poort", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics", "department": "Neurobiology of Language" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Rodd", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UCL", "department": "Department of Experimental Psychology" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-07-22T16:48:55.228000+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-08-16T05:50:21.831000+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-14T22:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47/galley/34/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47/galley/33/download/" }, { "label": "XML", "type": "xml", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/glossapsycholinguistics/article/47/galley/34/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16647, "title": "A Novel Technique to Identify Intimate Partner Violence in a Hospital Setting", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nIntimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as sexual, physical, psychological, or economic violence that occurs between current or former intimate partners. Victims of IPV may seek care for violence-related injuries in healthcare settings, which makes recognition and intervention in these facilities critical. In this study our goal was to develop an algorithm using natural language processing (NLP) to identify cases of IPV within emergency department (ED) settings.\nMethods:\n In this observational cohort study, we extracted unstructured physician and advanced practice provider, nursing, and social worker notes from hospital electronic health records (EHR). The recorded clinical notes and patient narratives were screened for a set of 23 situational terms, derived from the literature on IPV (ie, assault by spouse), along with an additional set of 49 extended situational terms, extracted from known IPV cases (ie, attack by spouse). We compared the effectiveness of the proposed model with detection of IPV-related International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes.\nResults: \nWe included in the analysis a total of 1,064,735 patient encounters (405,303 patients who visited the ED of a Level I trauma center) from January 2012–August 2020. The outcome was identification of an IPV-related encounter. In this study we used information embedded in unstructured EHR data to develop a NLP algorithm that employs clinical notes to identify IPV visits to the ED. Using a set of 23 situational terms along with 49 extended situational terms, the algorithm successfully identified 7,399 IPV-related encounters representing 5,975 patients; the algorithm achieved 99.5% precision in detecting positive cases in our sample of 1,064,735 ED encounters. \nConclusion:\n Using a set of pre-defined IPV-related terms, we successfully developed a novel natural language processing algorithm capable of identifying intimate partner violence.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "intimate partner violence" }, { "word": "natural language processing" }, { "word": "emergency department" } ], "section": "Violence Assessment and Prevention", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6844z6kw", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Azade", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tabaie", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Zeidan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Dabney", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Evans", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Atlanta, Georgia; Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Educations Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Randi", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Smith", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral, Social and Health Educations Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia; Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rishikesan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kamaleswaran", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Atlanta, Georgia; Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-03-09T22:43:48+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-03-09T22:43:48+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-13T10:36:11+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16647/galley/8425/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16206, "title": "Geriatric Falls: Patient Characteristics Associated with Emergency Department Revisits", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction:\n Falls are the leading cause of traumatic injury among elderly adults in the United States, which represents a significant source of morbidity and leads to exorbitant healthcare costs. The purpose of this study was to characterize elderly fall patients and identify risk factors associated with seven-day emergency department (ED) revisits.\nMethods:\n This was a multicenter, retrospective, longitudinal cohort study using non-public data from 321 licensed, nonfederal, general, and acute care hospitals in California obtained from the Department of Healthcare Access and Information from January 1–December 31, 2017. Included were patients 65 and older who had a fall-related ED visit identified by International Classification of Diseases codes W00x to W19x. Primary outcome was a return visit to the ED within a seven-day window following the index encounter. Demographics collected included age, gender, ethnicity/race, patient payer status, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), psychiatric diagnoses, and alcohol/substance use disorder diagnoses. We performed multivariate logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with seven-day ED revisit.\nResults: \nWe identified a total of 2,758,295 ED visits during the study period with 347,233 (12.6%) visits corresponding to fall-related injuries. After applying exclusion criteria, 242,572 index ED visits were identified, representing 206,612 patients. Of these, 24,114 (11.7%) patients returned to an ED within seven days (revisit). Within this revisit population, 6,161 (22.6%) presented to a facility that was distinct from their index visit, and 4,970 (18.2%) were ultimately discharged with the same primary diagnosis as their index visit. Characteristics with the largest independent associations with a seven-day ED revisit were presence of a psychiatric diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.69 to 1.80), presence of an alcohol or substance use disorder (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.64 to 1.78), and CCI ≥ 3 (OR 2.79; 95% CI 2.68 to 2.90).\nConclusion:\n In this study we identified 24,114 elderly fall patients who experienced a seven-day ED revisit. Patients with multiple comorbidities, a substance use disorder, or a psychiatric diagnosis exhibited increased odds of experiencing a return visit to the ED within seven days of a fall-related index visit. These findings will help target at-risk elderly fall patients who may benefit from preventative multidisciplinary intervention during index ED visits to reduce ED revisits.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Geriatric, Falls, Emergency Department" } ], "section": "Geriatrics", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9j4224h6", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Dustin", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Cox", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Rachna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Subramony", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Supat", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jesse", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Brennan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Renee", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Hsia", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of California, San Francisco, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, San Francisco, California", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Castillo", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2021-12-13T06:56:32+08:00", "date_accepted": "2021-12-13T06:56:32+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-13T10:24:33+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16206/galley/8129/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16502, "title": "Emergency Services Capacity of a Rural Community in Guatemala", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nAccess to emergency care is an essential part of the health system. Improving access to emergency services in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) decreases mortality and reduces global disparities; however, few studies have assessed emergency services resources in LMICs. To guide future improvements in care, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the emergency services capacity of a rural community in Guatemala serving a mostly indigenous population.\nMethods:\n We performed an exhaustively sampled cross-sectional survey of all healthcare facilities providing urgent and emergent care in the four largest cities surrounding Lake Atitlán using the Emergency Services Resource Assessment Tool (ESRAT).\nResults:\n Of 17 identified facilities, 16 agreed to participate and were surveyed: nine private hospitals; four public clinics; and three public hospitals, including the region’s public departmental hospital. All facilities provided emergency services 24/7, and a dedicated emergency unit was available at 67% of hospitals and 75% of clinics. A dedicated physician was present in the emergency unit during the day at 67% of hospitals and 75% of clinics. Hospitals had a significantly higher percentage of available equipment compared to clinics (85% vs 54%, mean difference 31%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 23-37%; P = 0.004). There was no difference in availability of laboratory tests between public and private hospitals or between cities. Private hospitals had access to a significantly higher percentage of medications compared to clinics (56% vs 27%, mean difference 29%; 95% CI 9-49%; P = 0.024).\nConclusion:\n We found a high availability of emergency services and universal availability of personal protective equipment but a severe shortage of critical medications in clinics, and widespread shortage of pediatric equipment.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Global Health" }, { "word": "Capacity" }, { "word": "Guatemala" }, { "word": "ESRAT" }, { "word": "health systems" } ], "section": "International Medicine", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8k85q733", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hughes", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jessica", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schmidt", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Svenson", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-01-29T02:52:44+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-01-29T02:52:44+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-13T10:15:12+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16502/galley/8349/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 16619, "title": "WOMen profEssioNal developmenT oUtcome Metrics in Academic Emergency Medicine: Results from the WOMENTUM Modified Delphi Study", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Introduction: \nTo address persistent gender inequities in academic medicine, women professional development groups (PDG) have been developed to support the advancement of women in medicine. While these programs have shown promising outcomes, long-term evaluative metrics do not currently exist. The objective of this study was to establish metrics to assess women’s PDGs. \nMethods:\n This was a modified Delphi study that included an expert panel of current and past emergency department (ED) chairs and Academy for Women in Academic Emergency Medicine (AWAEM) presidents. The panel completed three iterative surveys to develop and rank metrics to assess women PDGs. Metrics established by the expert panel were also distributed for member-checking to women EM faculty. \nResults:\n The expert panel ranked 11 metrics with high to moderate consensus ranking with three metrics receiving greater than 90% consensus: gender equity strategy and plan; recruitment; and compensation. Members ranked 12 metrics with high consensus with three metrics receiving greater than 90% consensus: gender equity strategy and plan; compensation; and gender equity in promotion rates among faculty. Participants emphasized that departments should be responsible for leading gender equity efforts with PDGs providing a supportive role. \nConclusion: \nIn this study, we identified metrics that can be used to assess academic EDs’ gender equity initiatives and the advisory efforts of a departmental women’s PDG. These metrics can be tailored to individual departmental/institutional needs, as well as to a PDG’s mission. Importantly, PDGs can use metrics to develop and assess programming, acknowledging that many metrics are the responsibility of the department rather than the PDG.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "gender equity, women in medicine, Delphi methodology" } ], "section": "Health Equity", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qm33663", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Love", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Amy", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Zeidan", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Utsha", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Khatri", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, New York, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Margaret", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Samuels-Kalow", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Angela", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Mills", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, New York", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Cindy", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Hsu", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-03-03T03:08:25+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-03-03T03:08:25+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-13T10:08:23+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/16619/galley/8408/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45534, "title": "Case of PVCs – Asymptomatic PVCs and Long-Term Complications", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4np7q4tg", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sahar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sohrabian", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-13T01:34:16+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45534/galley/34320/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45533, "title": "SVT-Palpitations in a Young Female", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/68p1g9jh", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Sahar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sohrabian", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-13T01:33:00+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45533/galley/34319/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45532, "title": "Multiple Complications of Cryoablation in the Same Patient", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/460919v0", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Romanova", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Sondra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vazirani", "name_suffix": "MD, MPH", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Walsworth", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-13T01:29:54+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45532/galley/34318/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45531, "title": "Hypercalcemia in a Patient with Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma: A Serious Complication from a Rare Cancer", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7f86t0kv", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Steven", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Lai", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Christina", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Marlow", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Phillis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wu", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-13T01:26:22+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45531/galley/34317/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 45439, "title": "Evaluation of Microcytic Anemia", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "", "short_name": "", "text": null, "url": "" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clinical Vignette" } ], "section": "Article", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rb166j3", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Kari", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kubalanza", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" }, { "first_name": "Arta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lahiji", "name_suffix": "MD", "institution": "University of California, Los Angeles", "department": "Medicine" } ], "date_submitted": null, "date_accepted": null, "date_published": "2022-09-13T01:20:49+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/ucladom_proceedings/article/45439/galley/34225/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17355, "title": "CORD Abstracts Special Issue", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "N/A", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/91t5102c", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lam", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "UC Irvine", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-08-26T07:05:56+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-08-26T07:05:56+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-10T01:01:27+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17355/galley/8818/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 17382, "title": "Impact of Faculty Incentivization on Completed Resident Evaluations", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "Learning Objectives: Understand alternative methods to increase faculty submission of resident end-of-shift evaluations by incorporating this metric into the faculty incentive compensation plan.\nBackground: In the Program Requirements for Graduate Medical Education (GME) in EM, the Accreditation Council for GME states “Feedback from faculty members in the context of routine clinical care should be frequent.” It is a common challenge for program leadership to obtain adequate and effective summative evaluations. Previous attempts at our institution to increase feedback have had limited effect.\nObjectives: Department leadership hypothesized that linking completed evaluations to the faculty incentive compensation plan would increase the quantity of evaluations.\nMethods: This is a retrospective, case-crossover interventional study conducted at an academic tertiary level 1 trauma center and primary EM residency teaching site. At the start of the 2021 fiscal year (FY21), submission of resident evaluations was added as an incentive compensation metric. We examined fiscal year 2020 (FY20) and FY21 to compare the number of evaluations per shift per attending and total FY quantity of completed evaluations. We included faculty who were employed for the duration of FY20 and FY21. We excluded fellows, faculty who do not routinely work with residents, non-resident shifts, and incomplete evaluations.\nResults: We identified an increase of 42% in total evaluations completed after implementation of the incentive metric with an increase from 1149 evaluations in FY20 to 1629 evaluations in FY21 (Figure 1). 32 of the 38 faculty members included had an increase in evaluations per shift from pre- to post-intervention (Figure 2).\nConclusions: Incentivizing faculty to submit resident evaluations through the use of bonus compensation increased the number of evaluations at our institution. This information may be used by others to support similar interventions to increase written feedback. This study is limited to a single academic site as well as limited to a finite period of time. Further research will need to be conducted to determine if this trend continues over time.", "language": "en", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Abstracts", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9s5622w8", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "Viral", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Patel", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Alexandra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nordberg", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Jennifer", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carey", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" }, { "first_name": "Richard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Church", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "", "department": "None" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-08-30T13:27:54+08:00", "date_accepted": "2022-08-30T13:27:54+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-08T00:32:56+08:00", "render_galley": null, "galleys": [ { "label": "", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17382/galley/8836/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46540, "title": "Abstracts 2022 IOCV XXII", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This article contains the abstracts presented at the online webinars of the 22nd Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV), September 7, 14, 21, and 28, 2022</p>", "language": "eng", "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0442k7zj", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "IOCV", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Organization", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-04T12:17:42.995000+08:00", "date_accepted": "2025-03-04T12:22:05.932000+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-07T23:00:00+08:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/46540/galley/35291/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/46540/galley/35291/download/" } ] }, { "pk": 46595, "title": "Program of the 2022 Online Webinars Conference of IOCV XXII", "subtitle": null, "abstract": "<p>This is the program of the online webinars of the 22nd Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV), September 7, 14, 21, and 28, 2022</p>", "language": null, "license": { "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\n\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" }, "keywords": [], "section": "Conference of the International Organization of Citrus Virologists (IOCV)", "is_remote": true, "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cf9r1j4", "frozenauthors": [ { "first_name": "IOCV", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Organization", "name_suffix": "", "institution": "None", "department": "" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-03-09T12:32:48.302000+08:00", "date_accepted": "2025-03-10T09:53:47.350000+08:00", "date_published": "2022-09-07T21:00:29+08:00", "render_galley": { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/46595/galley/35293/download/" }, "galleys": [ { "label": "PDF", "type": "pdf", "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/iocv_journalcitruspathology/article/46595/galley/35293/download/" } ] } ] }