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{ "count": 6751, "next": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/preprints/?format=api&limit=100&offset=200", "previous": "https://eartharxiv.org/api/preprints/?format=api&limit=100", "results": [ { "pk": 93, "title": "dragon: A New Tool for Exploring Redox Evolution Preserved in the Mineral Record", "abstract": "The flow of energy and elements between the geosphere and biosphere can be traced through changing redox chemistry of Earth’s surface. Deep-time trends in the mineral record, including mineral age and elemental composition, reveal a dynamic history of changing redox states and chemical speciation. We present a user-friendly exploratory network analysis platform called dragon (Deep-time Redox Analysis of the Geobiology Ontology Network) to facilitate investigation of the expanding redox chemical network preserved in the mineral record throughout Earth’s history and beyond. Given a user-indicated focal element or set of focal elements, dragon constructs interactive bipartite networks of minerals and their constituent elements over a specified range in geologic-time using information from the Mineral Evolution Database (http://rruff.info/evolution/) Written in the open-source language R as a Shiny application, dragon launches a browser-based dashboard to explore mineral evolution in deep-time. We demonstrate dragon’s utility through examining the mineral chemistry of lithium (Li) over deep-time. dragon is freely available from CRAN under a GPL-3 License, with source code and documentation hosted at https://github.com/sjspielman/dragon.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "geobiology" }, { "word": "mineral chemistry" }, { "word": "mineral evolution" }, { "word": "network" }, { "word": "redox" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-11T15:51:18+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-16T16:09:11+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-16T16:09:11+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/z7k9q", "authors": [ { "pk": 160, "first_name": "Stephanie", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Spielman", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6546, "first_name": "Eli", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Moore", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Biogeochemistry" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "dragon_for_preprint_peerstatement.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/93/download/184/" }, { "original_filename": "dragon_for_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/93/download/185/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/sjspielman/dragon", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 94, "title": "What Controls Salt‐Detached Contraction in the Translational Domain of the Outer Kwanza Basin, Offshore Angola?", "abstract": "It is now well‐established that base‐salt relief drives complex deformation patterns in the mid‐slope domain of salt‐bearing passive margins, in a location classically thought to be dominated by simple horizontal translation. However, due to a lack of detailed studies drawing on high‐quality, 3D seismic reflection data, our understanding of how base‐salt relief controls four‐dimensional patterns of salt‐related deformation in natural systems remains poor. We here use 3D seismic reflection data from, and structural restorations of the Outer Kwanza Basin, offshore Angola to examine the controls on the evolution of variably oriented salt anticlines, rollers, and walls, and related normal and reverse faults. We show that the complex geometries and kinematics of predominantly contractional salt structures reflect up to 22 km of seaward flow of salt and its overburden across prominent base‐salt relief. More specifically, this contractional deformation occurs where the seaward flow of salt is inhibited due to: (a) it flowing being forced to flow up, landward‐dipping ramps; (b) it encountering thicker, slower‐moving salt near the base of seaward‐dipping ramps; or (c) the formation of primary salt welds at the upper hinge of seaward‐dipping ramps. The rate at which salt and its overburden translates seaward varies along strike due to corresponding variations in the magnitude of base‐salt relief and, at a larger, more regional scale, primary salt thickness. As a result of these along‐strike changes in translation rate, overburden rotation accompanies bulk contraction. Our study improves our understanding of salt‐related deformation on passive margins, highlighting the key role of base‐salt relief, and showing contraction, extension and rotation are fundamental processes controlling the structural style of the mid‐slope translational domains of salt basins.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "salt tectonics" }, { "word": "base-salt relief" }, { "word": "passive margin" }, { "word": "salt weld" }, { "word": "section restoration" }, { "word": "shortening" }, { "word": "structural geology" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-11T10:27:12+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-12T21:31:23+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-12T21:31:23+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12539", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/27p5w", "authors": [ { "pk": 3587, "first_name": "Aurio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Erdi", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0003-4247-715X" }, { "pk": 1573, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "Aiden-Lee", "last_name": "Jackson", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8592-9032" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Erdi and Jackson_Contractional Paper.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/94/download/186/" }, { "original_filename": "04012021_Erdi and Jackson_Contractional Paper_Main Text_Caption_Finish.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/94/download/4109/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/5p4fd", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 106, "title": "Fracture mechanics of rate-and-state faults and fluid injection induced slip", "abstract": "Propagation of a slip transient on a fault with rate-and-state dependent friction resembles a fracture which near tip region is characterized by large departure of the slip velocity and fault strength from the steady-state sliding. We develop a near tip solution to describe this unsteady dynamics, and obtain the fracture energy Gc, dissipated in overcoming strength-excursion away from steady-state, as a function of the rupture velocity vr. This opens a possibility to model slip transients on rate-state faults as singular cracks characterized by approximately steady-state frictional resistance in the fracture bulk, and by a stress singularity with the intensity defined by Gc(vr) at the crack tip. In pursuing this route, we develop and use an analytical equation of motion to study 1D slip driven by a combination of uniform background stress and a localized perturbation of the fault strength with the net Coulomb force ∆T. In the context of fluid injection, ∆T is a proxy for the injection volume Vinj. We then show that, for ongoing fluid injection, the maximum propagation speed of the transient induced on a frictionally-stable fault is bounded by a value proportional to Vinj(t), and, for stopped injection, the maximum slip run-out distance is proportional to the square of the total injected volume.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public\r\nLicenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change\r\nfree software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.\r\n\r\n This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some\r\nspecially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the\r\nFree Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You\r\ncan use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether\r\nthis license or the ordinary General Public License is the better\r\nstrategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.\r\n\r\n When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,\r\nnot price. 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This takes the form not just of a straightforward denial of climate change, but also of a more plausible denial of a connection between climate change and individual extreme events. Until ten or five years ago, many climate scientists themselves would have agreed with rejecting such a connection, and some journalists and politicians have followed them and continue following them, even when they have stopped leading anyone in that direction (see box below). Climate scientists have stopped agreeing with this, because in the meantime a new subdiscipline has been developed specifically for attributing extreme weather events to AGW or to natural variation, depending upon the specifics of the case. While it may suit the political preferences of some commentators to ignore this development, it is not in the general interest. Here I present a brief and simple introduction to the main ideas in current work on attributing individual events to global warming. (An even simpler introduction to attribution science, emphasizing legal liability, can be found in Colman, 2019.)", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. 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Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "causal attribution" }, { "word": "climate" }, { "word": "climate versus weather" }, { "word": "extreme weather" }, { "word": "fraction of attributable risk" }, { "word": "global warming" }, { "word": "weather attribution" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-11T06:10:59+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-20T03:15:12+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-20T03:15:12+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/st7h3", "authors": [ { "pk": 162, "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Korb", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "HowExtremeV3.4.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/95/download/187/" }, { "original_filename": "HowExtremeV3.4.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/95/download/188/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 96, "title": "Tracking and measuring of clay shrinking and swelling using spaceborne remote sensing", "abstract": "New capabilities for measuring and monitoring are needed to improve the shrink/swell hazard. A new French experimental site at Chaingy (Centre-Val de Loire) has been instrumented using extensometers at the surface and soil moisture sensors in the clay layer. Here we show by direct comparison between remote and in situ data for a period longer than three years that the vertical ground displacements are well-captured by the Multi-Temporal Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (MT-InSAR) technique. In addition to the one-year period, two sub-annual periods that reflect both average ground shrinking and swelling timeframes are unraveled by a wavelet-based analysis. Moreover, we propose here to combine data from two satellite sensors, namely the surface soil moisture from the SMOS satellite with the vertical displacement from Sentinel-1A/1B. The relative phase difference between both time series for the shrinking and swelling periods is calculated for assessing the variations in terms of depth and thickness of the clay layer. An Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey is carried out in the studied zone to validate this new method relying fully on remote sensing observations. With regard to future works, the same method coupling different satellites acquisitions may be scaled up to track the expansive clays in a larger area.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Clay swelling" }, { "word": "Electrical Resistivity Tomography" }, { "word": "InSAR" }, { "word": "Natural hazard assessment" }, { "word": "Sentinel-1" }, { "word": "shrink/swell hazard" }, { "word": "SMOS" }, { "word": "Surface Soil Moisture" }, { "word": "Swelling" }, { "word": "Wavelet" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-10T22:04:13+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-12T21:31:56+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-12T21:31:56+02:00", "doi": "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12101262", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/jf87s", "authors": [ { "pk": 5362, "first_name": "André", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burnol", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 16966, "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Foumelis", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7801, "first_name": "Sébastien", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gourdier", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8921, "first_name": "Jacques", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Deparis", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7890, "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Raucoules", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Final-Article_Chaingy_05-07-20.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/96/download/189/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/nx5sf", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 97, "title": "Variational Ensemble-Transform Filtering of HFR & ADCP velocities in the ice-free Chukchi Sea", "abstract": "The Chukchi Sea (CS) is the gateway to the Arctic Ocean (AO) for Pacific waters entering from Bering Strait (BS) and also a potential location for future offshore oil extraction. Since 2010, regional CS data has become more plentiful with acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) moored throughout the northwestern portion of the shelf along with coastal high-frequency radar (HFR) surface current monitoring during the ice-free summer season. This work develops a data assimilation system (DAS) for these observations which applies an asynchronous variational ensemble filter to a Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) CS domain. Two configurations of the DAS applied during August--November 2012 are tested and compared with observations from several sources, including unassimilated external data. The tested DAS configurations performed when assimilating surface as a full timeseries of observations rather than as forecast-interval means. The resulting system could be used for future operational forecast refinement in the region well suited for application to surface monitoring and forecast for regional oil spill mitigation.\nFailures of background model which limit further analysis are discussed in appended material.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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Determining fluid source, e.g. meteoric, marine, magmatic or metamorphic waters, can be challenging when using only trace elements and stable isotopes as different fluids can have overlapping geochemical characteristics, such as δ18O. In this contribution we show that by combining the recently developed LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite geochronometer with stable isotopes (including clumped isotope palaeothermometry) and trace element analysis, the fluid source of veins can be more readily determined. Calcite veins hosted in the Devonian Montrose Volcanic Formation at Lunan Bay in the Midland Valley Terrane of Central Scotland were used as a case study. δD values of fluid inclusions in the calcite, and parent fluid δ18O values reconstructed from clumped isotope palaeothermometry, gave values which could represent a range of fluid sources: metamorphic or magmatic fluids, or surface waters which had undergone much fluid-rock interaction. Trace elements showed no distinctive patterns and shed no further light on fluid source. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating determined the vein calcite precipitation age – 318±30 Ma – which rule out metamorphic or magmatic fluid sources as no metamorphic or magmatic activity was occurring in the area at this time. The vein fluid source was therefore a surface water (meteoric based on paleogeographic reconstruction) which had undergone significant water-rock interaction. This study highlights the importance of combining the recently developed LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite geochronometer with stable isotopes and trace elements to help determine fluid sources of veins, and indeed any geological feature where calcite precipitated from a fluid that may have resided in the crust for a period of time (e.g. fault precipitates or cements).", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "calcite veins" }, { "word": "clumped isotopes" }, { "word": "fluid δD and δ18O" }, { "word": "LA-ICP-MS U-Pb calcite geochronology" }, { "word": "trace elements" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-10T12:06:43+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-15T16:59:54+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-15T16:59:54+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.55575/tektonika2024.2.1.2", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/qsm86", "authors": [ { "pk": 8732, "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "MacDonald", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6597, "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Van Der Wal", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 166, "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Faithfull", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8786, "first_name": "Adrian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Boyce", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 167, "first_name": "Nick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roberts", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 168, "first_name": "Ian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Winkelstern", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geochemistry" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Fingerprinting fluid source in calcite veins for Earth arXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/98/download/192/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 99, "title": "Age and geochemistry of the Boucaut Volcanics in the Neoproterozoic Adelaide Rift Complex, South Australia", "abstract": "The Adelaide Rift Complex in South Australia records the break-up of Rodinia at a time of great climatic and biological evolution. The Boucaut Volcanics within the Neoproterozoic Adelaide Rift Complex of the Adelaide Superbasin lie at the base of the Burra Group, marking the boundary between the Burra Group and underlying Callanna Group. Despite their significance as one of the few volcanic units within the rift complex, there has been no robust age determination published for the Boucaut Volcanics. We use U–Pb zircon LA-ICP-MS data to determine an age of 788 ± 6 Ma for the eruption of the bimodal Boucaut Volcanics. This has important implications for constraining the timing of stratigraphy within the Adelaide Superbasin. This also has far reaching implications for plate tectonic reconstructions of Australia and Laurentia, and for correlating global isotope anomalies for the Neoproterozoic.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "volcanic" }, { "word": "Geology" }, { "word": "geochemistry" }, { "word": "Adelaide Rift Complex" }, { "word": "Australia" }, { "word": "Boucaut" }, { "word": "Flinders Ranges" }, { "word": "Geochronology" }, { "word": "Neoproterozoic" }, { "word": "Rodinia" }, { "word": "Snowball Earth" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-10T00:23:28+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-15T16:46:54+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-15T16:46:54+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/mgpf4", "authors": [ { "pk": 3057, "first_name": "Sheree", "middle_name": "Ellen", "last_name": "Armistead", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-9614-3553" }, { "pk": 4063, "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Collins", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": "0000-0002-3408-5474" }, { "pk": 7867, "first_name": "Solomon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Buckman", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 18089, "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Atkins", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "BoucautMS_PreprintV2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/99/download/193/" }, { "original_filename": "BoucautPreprint_V1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/99/download/194/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 100, "title": "Finding karstic caves and rockshelters in the Inner Asian mountain corridor using predictive modelling and field survey", "abstract": "The area of the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor (IAMC) follows the foothills and piedmont zones around the northern limits of Asia’s interior mountains, connecting two important areas for human evolution: the Fergana valley and the Siberian Altai. Prior research has suggested the IAMC may have provided an area of connected refugia from harsh climates during the Pleistocene. To date, this region contains very few secure, dateable Pleistocene sites, but its widely available carbonate deposits present an opportunity for discovering cave sites, which generally preserve longer sequences and organic remains. Here we present two models for predicting karstic cave and rockshelter features in the Kazakh portion of the IAMC. The 2018 model used a combination of lithological data and unsupervised landform classification, while the 2019 model used feature locations from the results of our 2017-2018 field surveys in a supervised classification using a minimum-distance classifier and morphometric features derived from the ASTER digital elevation model (DEM). We present the results of two seasons of survey using two iterations of the karstic cave models (2018 and 2019), and evaluate their performance during survey. In total, we identified 96 cave and rockshelter features from 2017-2019. We conclude that this model-led approach significantly reduces the target area for foot survey.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "GIS" }, { "word": "digital elevation model" }, { "word": "field survey" }, { "word": "geographic information systems" }, { "word": "karst" }, { "word": "landform classification" }, { "word": "supervised classification" }, { "word": "unsupervised classification" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-09T16:13:55+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:14:21+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:14:21+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/vz3b5", "authors": [ { "pk": 7512, "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cuthbertson", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-1507-8455" }, { "pk": 6647, "first_name": "Tobias", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ullman", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7887, "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Büdel", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8989, "first_name": "Aristeidis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Varis", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8641, "first_name": "Abay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Namen", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0003-2990-5084" }, { "pk": 10411, "first_name": "Reimar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Seltmann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10836, "first_name": "Denné", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reed", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11133, "first_name": "Zhaken", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Taimagambetov", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5215, "first_name": "Radu Petre", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Iovita", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-9531-1159" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Geographic Information Sciences" }, { "name": "Geography" }, { "name": "Physical and Environmental Geography" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" }, { "name": "Spatial Science" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Cuthbertson et al Finding karstic caves and rockshelters in the Inner Asian mountain corridor using predictive modelling and field survey_with figures.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/100/download/195/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/d24zy", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://osf.io/akx2g/?view_only=2a58bb7dbd9745bc93d1b9fc78aac489", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 101, "title": "Mapping Research Topics at Multiple Levels of Detail", "abstract": "Institutional reviews typically rely on scientometrics, like the h-index and impact factors of their participants, to assess research productivity. Productivity is not the only review criterion however, and scientometrics can be difficult to generate and compare in multidisciplinary settings. “Distant reading” methods from the Digital Humanities can complement the current quantitative evaluation paradigm; these methods support qualitative narratives, comprehension, and discovery of knowledge by arranging vast bodies of text into graphs, maps, and trees. To test this idea, we apply distant reading methods to a multidisciplinary body of research authored by 240 researchers from the Earth Research Institute (ERI) at UC Santa Barbara over the past decade. We model cross-disciplinary topics of research publications and projects emerging at multiple levels of detail. From these, we design maps that reveal the latent thematic structure of multidisciplinary research. ERI’s researchers use and evaluate these maps of research topics in the context of an institutional review to “read” ERI’s body of research at a distance, i.e. at multiple levels of detail. We find that our approach strengthens the institutional review process by exposing thematic expertise, relationships between researchers, topical distributions and clusters of work, and the evolution of these aspects over time.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "data discovery" }, { "word": "decision support" }, { "word": "institutional review" }, { "word": "knowledge representation" }, { "word": "natural language processing" }, { "word": "serendipity" }, { "word": "spatialization" }, { "word": "topic modeling" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-09T01:25:12+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-12T21:30:04+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-12T21:30:04+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2021.100210", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/523ex", "authors": [ { "pk": 2037, "first_name": "Sara", "middle_name": "K", "last_name": "Lafia", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-5896-7295" }, { "pk": 6693, "first_name": "Werner", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kuhn", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11876, "first_name": "Kelly", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Caylor", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Geography" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" }, { "name": "Spatial Science" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Mapping_Research_Topics_at_Multiple_Levels_of_Detail-V3.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/101/download/196/" }, { "original_filename": "Mapping_Research_Topics_at_Multiple_Levels_of_Detail-V2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/101/download/197/" }, { "original_filename": "Mapping_Research_Topics_at_Multiple_Levels_of_Detail.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/101/download/198/" }, { "original_filename": "mapping_research_topics_at_multiple_levels_of_detail-v4.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/101/download/3968/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/saralafia/ERI-maps", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://github.com/saralafia/ERI-dashboard", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 102, "title": "Neoproterozoic Geochronology and Provenance of the Adelaide Superbasin", "abstract": "The Adelaide Superbasin (Adelaide Rift Complex, Stuart Shelf, Torrens Hinge Zone, Coombalarnie Platform, and Cambrian Stansbury and Arrowie Basins) is a vast sedimentary basin in southern Australia that initiated due to the break-up of central Rodinia and, evolved into the Australian passive margin on edge of the Pacific Basin. Rocks within it contain evidence for the evolving earth system through the Neoproterozoic, including type sections of the Ediacaran fauna, Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations, and the GSSP for the base of the Ediacaran period. Much research over the last century has unravelled the lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of the basin. Despite this, the rocks are poorly dated, and their sedimentary provenance and link with tectonic geography is poorly known. This poor chronology hampers global and local efforts to gain a detailed understanding and chronological framework of the interplay between tectonics and momentous changes to the earth system during this time. This paper presents a comprehensive database of detrital zircon geochronology and review of geochronology for the Neoproterozoic of the Adelaide Superbasin, highlighting the stratigraphic, and spatial locations of available data.\n\nIn the north of the basin, zircons were sourced locally in the initial stages of rifting, ca. 830 Ma—from the adjacent Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province. During the late Tonian, detritus was transported along graben from the north-west, from the Musgrave Orogen, as the rift basin developed during the opening of the nascent Pacific Ocean. Cryogenian icesheets punctuate the detrital record with an ephemeral return to more localised rift shoulder sources. In the Ediacaran, there is an increasing influence of younger (<740 Ma) detrital zircon from an enigmatic source that we interpret to be from southern (i.e. Antarctic) sources, with a corresponding shift in the late Mesoproterozoic age peaks, from ca. 1180 Ma to ca. 1090 Ma, and corresponding decrease in older, ca. 1600 Ma, detritus. These changes in sediment source reflect the changing tectonic geography and large-scale environmental influence of the Cryogenian glaciations as the basin evolved from a local rift, to a larger rift basin and finally to a continental margin, with sedimentary input becoming increasingly restricted over time.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Adelaide Rift Complex" }, { "word": "Neoproterozoic" }, { "word": "Adelaide Fold Belt" }, { "word": "Adelaide Geosyncline" }, { "word": "Adelaide Superbasin" }, { "word": "detrital zircon" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-08T11:57:19+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-15T16:52:13+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-15T16:52:13+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105849", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/3mjc2", "authors": [ { "pk": 4508, "first_name": "Jarred", "middle_name": "Cain", "last_name": "Lloyd", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-4429-873X" }, { "pk": 6518, "first_name": "Morgan", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Blades", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-4653-4476" }, { "pk": 7947, "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Counts", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4063, "first_name": "Alan", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Collins", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": "0000-0002-3408-5474" }, { "pk": 13661, "first_name": "Kathryn", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Amos", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10440, "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "P.", "last_name": "Wade", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10852, "first_name": "James", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Hall", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11143, "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hore", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11354, "first_name": "Ashleigh", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Ball", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11500, "first_name": "Sameh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shahin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Lloyd-et-al_AdelaideSuperbasinGeochronologyAndProvenance.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/102/download/199/" }, { "original_filename": "Lloyd-et-al-2020_NeoproterozoicGeochronologyandProvenanceoftheAdelaideSuperbasin.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/102/download/200/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11806179.v4", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11812047", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 103, "title": "Iron oxide reactivity controls organic matter mineralization in ferruginous sediments", "abstract": "Ferruginous sediments were widespread during the Archaean and Proterozoic Eons, but our knowledge about organic matter mineralization remains mostly conceptual, as analogous modern ferruginous sediments are largely unstudied. In sediments of ferruginous Lake Towuti, Indonesia, methanogenesis dominates organic matter mineralization despite abundant reactive ferric iron phases persisting throughout the core. This implies that ferric iron can be buried over geologic timescales even in the presence of labile organic carbon. Iron reactivity and hence its contribution to organic matter mineralization is highly variable. With negligible methane oxidation, methane may diffuse from the sediment into the water column and reach the atmosphere. We hypothesize that similar conditions prevailed during the Archaean and Proterozoic Eons, and thus, may have contributed to regulating Earth’s early climate.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "early Earth" }, { "word": "ferruginous sediment" }, { "word": "Iron reduction" }, { "word": "Lake Towuti" }, { "word": "Methanogenesis" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-08T09:59:37+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:12:02+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:12:02+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/cxkn5", "authors": [ { "pk": 13665, "first_name": "André", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Friese", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4820, "first_name": "Kohen", "middle_name": "Witt", "last_name": "Bauer", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 13669, "first_name": "Clemens", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Glombitza", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 178, "first_name": "Luis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ordóñez", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9852, "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ariztegui", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0001-7775-5127" }, { "pk": 13668, "first_name": "Verena", "middle_name": "B.", "last_name": "Heuer", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 180, "first_name": "Aurèle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vuillemin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 13670, "first_name": "Cynthia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Henny", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11238, "first_name": "Sulung", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Nomosatryo", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 181, "first_name": "Rachel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Simister", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Biogeochemistry" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Manuscript_plain.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/103/download/201/" }, { "original_filename": "Manuscript_plain.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/103/download/202/" }, { "original_filename": "Manuscript_plain.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/103/download/203/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.908080", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 104, "title": "Automatic atmospheric correction for shortwave hyperspectral remote sensing data using a time-dependent deep neural network", "abstract": "Atmospheric correction is an essential step in hyperspectral imaging and target detection from spectrometer remote sensing data. State-of-the-art atmospheric correction algorithms either require filed-measurements or prior knowledge of atmospheric characteristics to improve the predicted accuracy, which are computational expensive and unsuitable for real time application. In this paper, we propose a time-dependent neural network for automatic atmospheric correction and target detection using multi-scan hyperspectral data under different elevation angles. Results show that the proposed network has the capacity to accurately provide atmospheric characteristics and estimate precise reflectivity spectra for different materials, including vegetation, sea ice, and ocean. In addition, experiments are designed to investigate the time dependency of the proposed network. The error analysis confirms that our proposed network is capable of estimating atmospheric characteristics under both hourly and diurnally varying environments. Both the predicted results and error analysis are promising and demonstrate that our network has the ability of providing accurate atmospheric correction and target detection in real-time.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public\r\nLicenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change\r\nfree software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.\r\n\r\n This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some\r\nspecially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the\r\nFree Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You\r\ncan use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether\r\nthis license or the ordinary General Public License is the better\r\nstrategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.\r\n\r\n When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,\r\nnot price. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Deep learning" }, { "word": "Atmospheric Correction" }, { "word": "Hyperspectral" }, { "word": "Neural Networks" }, { "word": "Reflectivity" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-08T06:53:05+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:12:51+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:12:51+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.02.007", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/jhqvz", "authors": [ { "pk": 1755, "first_name": "Jian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sun", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6811, "first_name": "Fangcao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8040, "first_name": "Guido", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cervone", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9112, "first_name": "Melissa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gervais", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9907, "first_name": "Christelle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wauthier", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10485, "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Salvador", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Other Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "preprint_eartharxiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/104/download/204/" }, { "original_filename": "manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/104/download/205/" }, { "original_filename": "manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/104/download/206/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 105, "title": "Forecasting the localized bilateral effects of ocean acidification on the counter carbonate pump using recurrent neural networks", "abstract": "The counter carbonate pump(CCP) is responsible for carbon dioxide sequestration and cycling forms of carbon in the ocean. It is primarily driven by calcifying plankton, such as foraminifera, coccolithophores, and pteropods. These organisms are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification, which can have disastrous effects on their skeletons and productivity, upsetting the marine carbon cycle in ways that have not been quantified due to their chaotic nature. This project aims to provides high-resolution, accurate, and robust predictions of the efficiency of the CCP. These predictions are achieved by training recurrent neural networks on satellite-determined particulate inorganic carbon(PIC) to particulate organic carbon(POC) ratio data that represents the efficency of calcifying organisms in exporting PIC. Recurrent neural networks mimic the way in which biological neurons learn patterns and recall past experiences, and have been shown to be good at predicting chaotic time series. For each 9x9km square sample in a random subset of the dataset, the time series of historical PIC, POC, tropospheric satellite CO2 data, latitude and longitude were used by the model. The applications of the model are threefold. First, it can pinpoint the most vulnerable area in the ocean at arbitrary times in the future. Second, general trends in PIC are a proxy for ocean acidification. Finally, anomalous spikes in PIC can be potential coccolithophore blooms, which are dangerous for sub-surface marine life. The model predicts the ratio value to an error of 1.3\\%, tested using cross validation, and is significantly better than linear regression. Future directions for work include physically testing affected specimens in projected water characteristics.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "machine learning" }, { "word": "Coccolithophore" }, { "word": "Neural Networks" }, { "word": "carbonate cycle" }, { "word": "ocean acidification" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-07T19:32:24+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-08T12:44:22+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-08T12:44:22+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/cyq3e", "authors": [ { "pk": 1598, "first_name": "Eshan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ramesh", "salutation": "Mr", "orcid": "0000-0001-9884-8453" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Chemistry" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Chemistry" }, { "name": "Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing" }, { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "paper_ramesh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/105/download/207/" }, { "original_filename": "paper_ramesh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/105/download/208/" }, { "original_filename": "paper_ramesh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/105/download/209/" }, { "original_filename": "paper_ramesh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/105/download/210/" }, { "original_filename": "paper_ramesh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/105/download/211/" }, { "original_filename": "paper_ramesh.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/105/download/3710/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/9bvzh", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datacollection/AIRX3C28_005.html", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/10.5067/NPP/VIIRS/L3M/PIC/2018/", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/10.5067/NPP/VIIRS/L3M/POC/2018/", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 107, "title": "Impact of Hydrostratigraphic Continuity in Heterogeneity on Brine-to-Freshwater Interface Dynamics; Implications from a 2-D Parametric Study in an Arid and Endorheic Basin", "abstract": "Despite the prevalence of density-driven flow systems in brine-rich aquifers of arid climates and coastal aquifers, the impact of realistic geologic conditions remains poorly constrained regarding interface geometry in arid regions and time-sensitive density-dependent dynamics in brine-bearing aquifers in general. Salar de Atacama provides an analog for exploring interface dynamics in arid regions. A site-specific 2D hydrostratigraphic interpretation is used to examine the dynamics of the brine-to-freshwater interface. With the same simulation framework and core data, a separate parametric series of hydraulic conductivity distributions with varying horizontal continuity provides a mechanistic explanation for observed dynamics. Comparing modeled interfaces and their sensitivity to perturbations in recharge in each realization yields insight into interface dynamics coupled with horizontal continuity in subsurface heterogeneity. Recharge fluctuation is introduced to each distribution following the interface reaching a dynamic steady state. Metrics for results evaluation include migration length, interface slope geometry, and response rate. Analyses suggest that the slope of the modeled interface shallows or decreases by 0.01 to 0.05 m $\\cdot$ m\\textsuperscript{-1} for every increase in continuity of highly permeable pathways by a factor. Increasing continuity also increases both the overall response times and the variability in response. Results indicate that accurate representations of transient dynamics in modeling density-driven brine-to-freshwater interface dynamics requires the consideration of heterogeneity, as saline intrusion in the highest continuity group extends over twice as far on average and the modeled interface takes over 43 percent more time on average to reach a new dynamic steady state when compared to their homogeneous counterparts.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "arid basin" }, { "word": "density-dependent flow" }, { "word": "groundwater" }, { "word": "groundwater simulation" }, { "word": "saline intrusion" }, { "word": "solute transport" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-07T18:27:12+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:15:01+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:15:01+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ea783", "authors": [ { "pk": 2602, "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "Virginia", "last_name": "McKnight", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 2564, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "F", "last_name": "Boutt", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4978, "first_name": "Lee", "middle_name": "Ann", "last_name": "Munk", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "McKnight2020_Preprint_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/107/download/213/" }, { "original_filename": "McKnight2020_Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/107/download/214/" }, { "original_filename": "McKnight_et_al___2020_ (8).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/107/download/215/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/wxgpz", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://doi.org/10.7275/2y4m-ys90", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 108, "title": "Habitability of the early Earth: Liquid water under a faint young Sun facilitated by strong tidal heating due to a nearby Moon", "abstract": "Geological evidence suggests liquid water near the Earths surface as early as 4.4 gigayears ago when the faint young Sun only radiated about 70 % of its modern power output. At this point, the Earth should have been a global snowball. An extreme atmospheric greenhouse effect, an initially more massive Sun, release of heat acquired during the accretion process of protoplanetary material, and radioactivity of the early Earth material have been proposed as alternative reservoirs or traps for heat. For now, the faint-young-sun paradox persists as one of the most important unsolved problems in our understanding of the origin of life on Earth. Here we use astrophysical models to explore the possibility that the new-born Moon, which formed about 69 million years (Myr) after the ignition of the Sun, generated extreme tidal friction - and therefore heat - in the Hadean and possibly the Archean Earth. We show that the Earth-Moon system has lost about 3e31 J, (99 % of its initial mechanical energy budget) as tidal heat. Tidal heating of roughly 10 W/m^2 through the surface on a time scale of 100 Myr could have accounted for a temperature increase of up to 5 degrees Celsius on the early Earth. This heating effect alone does not solve the faint-young-sun paradox but it could have played a key role in combination with other effects. Future studies of the interplay of tidal heating, the evolution of the solar power output, and the atmospheric (greenhouse) effects on the early Earth could help in solving the faint-young-sun paradox.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "early Earth" }, { "word": "Faint-young-sun paradox" }, { "word": "Moon" }, { "word": "Tidal brittle formation" }, { "word": "Tides" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-07T15:43:30+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:11:34+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:11:34+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/9nrwh", "authors": [ { "pk": 184, "first_name": "René", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heller", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6854, "first_name": "Jan-Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duda", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8090, "first_name": "Max", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Winkler", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9154, "first_name": "Joachim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Reitner", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9947, "first_name": "Laurent", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gizon", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Astrophysics and Astronomy" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Other Astrophysics and Astronomy" }, { "name": "Other Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Planetary Sciences" }, { "name": "The Sun and the Solar System" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Heller_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/108/download/216/" }, { "original_filename": "Heller_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/108/download/217/" }, { "original_filename": "Heller.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/108/download/218/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 109, "title": "Towards local bioeconomy: A stepwise framework for high-resolution spatial quantification of forestry residues", "abstract": "In the ambition of a transition from fossil carbon use, forestry residues are attracting considerable attention as a feedstock for the future bioeconomy. However, there is a limited spatially explicit understanding of their availability. Confronted with limited resources for extensive field measurement campaigns, there are also limited discussions on the best practices towards a harmonized methodology to derive spatially explicit estimates of forestry residues. In this study, we bridge this gap by developing a generic framework “CamBEE”, for a transparent estimation of above-ground primary forestry residues, with a quantification of the uncertainty of the generated estimates. CamBEE is a four-step procedure relying on open access spatial data. Our framework further provides insights on the appropriate spatial resolution to select. Here, we detail this method and provide an example of its application through a case study for France. The results for the case study indicate a total theoretical potential of 8.4 Million Mgdry matter year-1 (4.4 – 13.9 Million Mgdry matter year-1), which deviates of only 32% (32 – 78 %) from the available statistically-based estimates.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "bioeconomy" }, { "word": "Spatial quantification" }, { "word": "Theoretical potential" }, { "word": "Forest Residues" }, { "word": "Fossil Carbon Transition" }, { "word": "Uncertainty Assessment" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-06T23:10:28+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-08T12:47:15+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-08T12:47:15+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110350", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/txcjn", "authors": [ { "pk": 3438, "first_name": "Shivesh", "middle_name": "Kishore", "last_name": "Karan", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-0037-6759" }, { "pk": 9466, "first_name": "Lorie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hamelin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Education" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Natural Resources and Conservation" }, { "name": "Other Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sustainability" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Towards local bioeconomy A stepwise framework for high-resolution spatial quantification of forestry residues.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/109/download/219/" }, { "original_filename": "Towards local bioeconomy A stepwise framework for high-resolution spatial quantification of forestry residues.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/109/download/220/" }, { "original_filename": "Towards local bioeconomy A stepwise framework for high-resolution spatial quantification of forestry residues.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/109/download/221/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/tazhf", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 110, "title": "Application of the tilt derivative transform to bathymetric data for structural lineament mapping", "abstract": "High-resolution bathymetry surveys provide an opportunity to analyse local geological structure where onshore areas afford limited exposure. Semi-automated lineament detection methods are necessary for areas of large coverage where a manual analysis would be subjective and time-consuming. However, semi-automated approaches are dependent on effective feature extraction methods to identify genuine lineaments. This study offers solutions to common problems that can impede processing methods where sharp steps in the seafloor (e.g. palaeocoastlines) are present. Directional gradient, Sobel and Laplacian filters are explored as well as the hillshade and tilt derivative transform for feature extraction prior to applying an object-based image analysis lineament detection approach. The filtered datasets generally perform poorly with a marked improvement when using the hillshade transform. However, we find the azimuth-invariant tilt derivative, which incorporates a convolved vertical derivative, to be the most successful, identifying lineaments in a range of orientations and across a sharp step in the seafloor.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "structural geology" }, { "word": "bathymetry" }, { "word": "lineament detection" }, { "word": "OBIA" }, { "word": "tilt derivative" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-06T13:29:29+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-08T12:39:14+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-08T12:39:14+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2021.104301", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/akw65", "authors": [ { "pk": 1739, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "Mark", "last_name": "Yeomans", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-0364-451X" }, { "pk": 7923, "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Head", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8122, "first_name": "Jordan", "middle_name": "James", "last_name": "Lindsay", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "20200818_earthArXiv_submission_bathyTDR.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/110/download/222/" }, { "original_filename": "earthArXiv_submission.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/110/download/223/" }, { "original_filename": "earthArXiv_submission_revised.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/110/download/4568/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://data.admiralty.co.uk/portal/apps/sites/#/marine-data-portal", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://www.bgs.ac.uk/products/digitalmaps/digmapgb_625.html", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 111, "title": "Formation Susceptibility to Wellbore Instability and Sand Production in the Hajdúszoboszló field, Pannonian Basin: Hungary", "abstract": "Wellbore instability and formation sand production pose potential risks for wellbore drilling, completion and production operations. In many sandstone reservoirs worldwide, sand production has been observed to accompany oil and gas production. In this study, we estimate, predict and quantify wellbore instability and sand production potentials in the Hajdúszoboszló field, Pannonian Basin, Hungary, using the Mechanical Earth Model (MEM). Our model relies on petrophysical log data obtained from an onshore gas well within the field as input data. Our model develops rock and sand failure mechanisms by estimating the rock elastic and strength properties, in-situ stresses and pore pressure of the reservoir rock with reference to the depth of stratigraphic column, from compressional slowness, shear slowness, density, porosity and shale volume. We adopted the 1-D MEM for our wellbore stability and sand production study of the Hajdúszoboszló field, because the model considered all available data to develop the rock mechanical properties, and also provide real-time numerical representation of the geomechanical state of the Hajdúszoboszló field in the Pannonian Basin. The 1-D MEM utilizes a workflow that involves, first, the creation of the mechanical stratigraphy of the reservoir rocks; second, the estimation of pore pressure, rock strength, rock elastic properties, and the horizontal stresses; third, wellbore stability analysis, where we developed mud weight profiles, wellbore shear failure and borehole breakdown; followed by sanding interval analysis for perforation completions. We further established the critical drawdown (CDDP) and critical reservoir pressure profiles for the suspected wellbore depth interval. Our results show the mechanical stratigraphy of unconsolidated sandstone and shale distribution in the reservoir, wellbore shear and tensile failures, wellbore breakout and breakdown pressures, wellbore sensitivity analysis, sanding interval analysis, critical drawdown pressure (CDDP) profile and sand failure zones. Based on careful observation of our results, we predict the wellbore intervals with high sand production potentials and wellbore instability within the reservoir formations. Therefore, we suggest significant wellbore failure during drilling process and also a high possibility of sand production into the wellbore during well completion at a formation interval of 550-937 m. Although there is need for data from additional wells in the field to be incorporated into our model prediction, we suggest that our preliminary model can be useful for critical decision making during drilling and completion operations across the Hajdúszoboszló field, Pannonian Basin, Hungary.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "geomechanics" }, { "word": "Pannonian Basin" }, { "word": "sand production" }, { "word": "sandstone" }, { "word": "wellbore stability" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-05T22:33:56+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-06T08:51:50+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-06T08:51:50+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/xg36e", "authors": [ { "pk": 186, "first_name": "Oladoyin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kolawole", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Mining Engineering" }, { "name": "Other Engineering" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Kolawole O_MScThesis.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/111/download/224/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 112, "title": "An Early Pliocene relative sea level record from Patagonia (Argentina)", "abstract": "We report a geological unit surveyed and dated in central Patagonia, Argentina (Camarones town, San Jorge Gulf). The unit was interpreted as representative of an intertidal environment and dated to the Early Pliocene (4.69-5.23 Ma) with strontium isotope stratigraphy. The elevation of this unit was measured with differential GPS at ca. 36 m above present-day sea level. Considering modern tidal ranges, it was possible to constrain paleo relative sea level within ±2.5m (1-sigma). We use glacial isostatic adjustment models and estimates of vertical land movement to calculate that, when the Camarones intertidal sequence was deposited, global mean sea level was 28.4 ± 11.7m above present. This estimate matches those derived from analogous Early Pliocene sea level proxies in the Mediterranean Sea and South Africa. Evidence from these three locations indicates that Early Pliocene sea level may have exceeded 20m above its present level. Such high global mean sea level values imply an ice-free Greenland, a significant melting of West Antarctica, and a contribution of East Antarctica to global mean sea level.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. 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For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Geology" }, { "word": "Argentina" }, { "word": "Paleo shorelines" }, { "word": "Patagonia" }, { "word": "Pliocene" }, { "word": "Sea level" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-03T16:40:54+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-08T12:39:50+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-08T12:39:50+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ycp6t", "authors": [ { "pk": 1726, "first_name": "Alessio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rovere", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": "0000-0001-5575-1168" }, { "pk": 6906, "first_name": "Marta", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pappalardo", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8145, "first_name": "Sebastian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Richiano", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9188, "first_name": "Marina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Aguirre", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9981, "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Sandstrom", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10524, "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Hearty", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4788, "first_name": "Jacqueline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Austermann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11186, "first_name": "Ignacio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Castellanos", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11385, "first_name": "Maureen", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Raymo", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Rovere_2020_Camarones_Preprint_small.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/112/download/225/" }, { "original_filename": "Rovere_2020_Camarones_Preprint_compressed.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/112/download/226/" }, { "original_filename": "Camarones_Ver2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/112/download/3839/" }, { "original_filename": "Camarones_Ver4_compressed.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/112/download/3840/" }, { "original_filename": "Rovere2020_published-compressed.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/112/download/4066/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3929151", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 113, "title": "Surprising Changes in Aerosol Loading over India Amid COVID-19 Lockdown", "abstract": "Using ground-based and satellite observation along with aerosol reanalysis products, we show\r\na widespread reduction in aerosol loading over the Indian subcontinent during the COVID-19\r\n(COronaVIrus Disease 2019) lockdown. The pre-lockdown and lockdown period considered in the\r\npresent study is 20th February–20th March 2020 and 24th March–22nd April 2020. In terms of\r\naerosol optical depth (AOD), loading has reduced up to 40% over the most populated region of\r\nIndia. However, the central part of India shows an unexpected increase (~+20%) in AOD. A\r\nsimultaneous increase (decrease) in mid-tropospheric relative humidity (wind speed (WS) at\r\n850 hPa) by +85 ± 6.0% (–12 ± 3.9%) occurred during the lockdown. It is found that on a daily\r\nscale, the mean AOD is positively (negatively) correlated with mid-tropospheric RH (WS) with a\r\nstatistically significant linear correlation coefficient of 0.53 (−0.43). An increase (decrease) in\r\nRH (WS) of 20% (1 m s\r\n–1\r\n) was observed to increase AOD by 0.10 (0.04). Thus, we hypothesize that\r\nduring the lockdown, the increased AOD over central India was due to increased atmospheric\r\nmoisture coupled with stagnant circulation condition.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-07-02T20:32:52+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-06T08:50:50+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-06T08:50:50+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.07.0466", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/5kmx2", "authors": [ { "pk": 3922, "first_name": "Satyendra", "middle_name": "Kumar", "last_name": "Pandey", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 189, "first_name": "Vinoj", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "V", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Pandey_et_al_2020.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/113/download/227/" }, { "original_filename": "Pandey_et_al_2020.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/113/download/228/" }, { "original_filename": "Pandey_et_al_STOTEN.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/113/download/229/" }, { "original_filename": "aaqr-20-07-covid-0466.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/113/download/4303/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 114, "title": "Bayesian inference for fault slip distributions based on ensemble modeling of the uncertainty of underground structure", "abstract": "The prediction errors that originate from the uncertainty of underground structure is often a major contributor of the errors between the data and the model predictions in fault slip estimation using geodetic or seismic waveform data. However, most studies on slip inversions either neglect the model prediction errors or do not distinguish them from observation errors. Several methods that explicitly incorporated the model prediction errors in slip estimation, which has been proposed in the past decade, commonly assumed a Gaussian distribution for the stochastic property of the prediction errors to simplify the formulation. Moreover, the information on slip distribution and the underground structure is expected to be successfully extracted from the data by accurately incorporating the stochastic property of the prediction errors. \nIn this study, we develop a novel flexible Bayesian inference method for estimating fault slips that can accurately incorporate non-Gaussian prediction errors. This method considers the uncertainty of the underground structure, including fault geometry based on the ensemble modeling of the uncertainty of Greens function. Furthermore, the framework allows the estimation of the posterior probability density function (PDF) of the parameters of the underground structure, by calculating the likelihood of each sample in the ensemble. \nTo validate the advantage of the proposed method, we performed simple numerical experiments for estimating the slip deficit rate (SDR) distribution on a 2D thrust fault using synthetic data of surface displacement rates. In the experiments, the dip angle of the fault plane was the parameter used to characterize the underground structure. The proposed method succeeded in estimating a posterior PDF of SDR that is consistent with the true one, despite the uncertain and inaccurate information of the dip angle. In addition, the method could estimate a posterior PDF of the dip angle that has a strong peak near the true angle. In contrast, the estimation results obtained using a conventional approach, which introduces regularization based on smoothing constraints and does not explicitly distinguish the prediction and observation errors, included a significant amount of bias, which was not noticed in the results obtained using the proposed method. The experiments with different settings of the parameters suggested that inaccurate prior information of the underground structure with a small variance possibly results in significant bias in the estimation results, particularly the posterior PDFs for SDR, those for the underground structure, and the posterior predicted PDF of the displacement rates. The distribution shapes of the prediction errors for the representative model parameters in certain observation points are significantly asymmetric with large absolute values of the sample skewness, for which Gaussian approximation is not usually applied.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Earthquake source observations" }, { "word": "Inverse theory" }, { "word": "Probability distributions" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-02T10:44:05+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-15T17:03:42+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-15T17:03:42+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/2czpx", "authors": [ { "pk": 190, "first_name": "Ryoichiro", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Agata", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6846, "first_name": "Amato", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kasahara", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6130, "first_name": "Yuji", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yagi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "MCMC.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/114/download/230/" }, { "original_filename": "MCMC.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/114/download/231/" }, { "original_filename": "MCMC.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/114/download/232/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/nj9vz", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 115, "title": "Climate has contrasting direct and indirect effects on armed conflicts", "abstract": "There is an active debate regarding the influence that climate has on the risk of armed conflict, which stems from challenges in assembling unbiased datasets, competing hypotheses on the mechanisms of climate influence, and the difficulty of disentangling direct and indirect climate effects. We use gridded historical non-state conflict records, satellite data, and land surface models in a structural equation modeling approach to uncover the direct and indirect effects of climate on violent conflicts in Africa and the Middle East (ME). We show that climate–conflict linkages in these regions are more complex than previously suggested, with multiple mechanisms at work. Warm temperatures and low rainfall direct effects on conflict risk were stronger than indirect effects through food and water supplies. Warming increases the risk of violence in Africa but unexpectedly decreases this risk in the ME. Furthermore, at the country level, warming decreases the risk of violence in most West African countries. Overall, we find a non-linear response of conflict to warming across countries that depends on the local temperature conditions. We further show that magnitude and sign of the effects largely depend on the scale of analysis and geographical context. These results imply that extreme caution should be exerted when attempting to explain or project local climate-conflict relationships based on a single, generalized theory.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. 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In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "climate" }, { "word": "Africa" }, { "word": "Climate-conflict" }, { "word": "Conflict" }, { "word": "Middle East" }, { "word": "SEM" }, { "word": "Structural Equation Model" }, { "word": "Violence" }, { "word": "Warming" }, { "word": "Water" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-01T19:46:21+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-08T12:40:26+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-08T12:40:26+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba97d", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/9en6q", "authors": [ { "pk": 13993, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Helman", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 192, "first_name": "Ben", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zaitchik", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8218, "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Funk", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Studies" }, { "name": "Geography" }, { "name": "Human Geography" }, { "name": "International and Area Studies" }, { "name": "Library and Information Science" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Nature and Society Relations" }, { "name": "Physical and Environmental Geography" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Remote Sensing" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" }, { "name": "Statistics and Probability" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "ms_climate-conflict_clean_final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/115/download/233/" }, { "original_filename": "ms_climate-conflict_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/115/download/234/" }, { "original_filename": "ms_climate-conflict_final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/115/download/235/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/hs5v7", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 116, "title": "Seasonal methane dynamics in high-elevation lakes in the Sierra Nevada California: the role of elevation, temperature, organic matter, and inorganic nutrients", "abstract": "Freshwater lakes are important but poorly constrained sources of methane to the atmosphere due to high, but variable, rates of methane production, as well as limited and inconsistent measurements worldwide. High-elevation lakes have been particularly overlooked—despite their large numbers in mountain ranges around the world, and despite methane dynamics at high elevations may be altered by rapid increases in temperature due to climate change. We examined variations in surface methane concentrations and diffusive fluxes, temperature, dissolved organic matter (DOC), and inorganic nutrients in five montane lakes spanning multiple elevations in the Sierra Nevada of California. Over two years, we found strong and consistent seasonality in methane concentrations in lakes; higher concentrations were typically observed in the warmest months and lower concentrations in fall. Changes in methane concentrations were significantly\nrelated to temperature in the majority of the individual lakes (r2 = 0.43-0.81) and related to elevation (r2 = 0.39) and DOC (r2 = 0.30) across lakes. Methane concentrations in lakes at elevations <3000 m were strongly related to temperature, nitrite concentrations and elevation (r2 = 0.90), whereas at elevations >3000 m, methane correlated with dissolved inorganic\nnitrogen to dissolved inorganic phosphorus ratios and elevation (r2 =0.48). Our results expand on our understanding of temporal variations in methane and demonstrate substantial seasonality in methane concentrations and diffusive fluxes in freshwater lakes—suggesting that temporal variation should be considered in large-scale estimates, and may be a predictable function of elevation, temperature, organic matter, and nutrients.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "high-elevation lakes" }, { "word": "lake biogeochemistry" }, { "word": "methane concentrations" }, { "word": "methane diffusive fluxes" }, { "word": "montane lakes" }, { "word": "seasonality" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-01T18:25:42+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-06T08:52:19+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-06T08:52:19+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/yvgq4", "authors": [ { "pk": 193, "first_name": "Elisabet", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Perez-Coronel", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6986, "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Hart", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8232, "first_name": "J.", "middle_name": "Michael", "last_name": "Beman", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Perez-Coronel_etal_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/116/download/236/" }, { "original_filename": "Biorxiv_format_manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/116/download/237/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/nh9sc", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 117, "title": "Mass independent fractionation of even and odd mercury isotopes during atmospheric mercury redox reactions", "abstract": "Mass independent fractionation (MIF) of even mass number mercury (Hg) stable isotopes is observed in rainfall and gaseous elemental Hg0 globally, and is used to quantify atmospheric Hg deposition pathways. The chemical reaction and underlying even-Hg MIF mechanism are unknown however, and speculated to be caused by Hg photo-oxidation on aerosols at the tropopause. Here we investigate the Hg isotope composition of free tropospheric Hg0 and oxidized HgII forms at the high altitude Pic du Midi Observatory. We find that gaseous oxidized Hg has positive Δ199Hg, Δ201Hg, Δ200Hg, and negative Δ204Hg signatures, similar to rainfall Hg, and we document rainfall Hg Δ196Hg to be near-zero. Cloud water and rainfall Hg show enhanced odd-Hg MIF of 0.3‰ compared to gaseous oxidized HgII, potentially indicating the occurrence of in-cloud aqueous HgII photoreduction. Diurnal MIF observations of free tropospheric Hg0 show how net Hg0 oxidation in high altitude air masses leads to opposite even- and odd-MIF in Hg0 and oxidized HgII. We speculate that even-Hg MIF takes place by a molecular magnetic isotope effect during HgII photoreduction on aerosols that involves magnetic halogen nuclei. A Δ200Hg mass balance suggests that global Hg deposition pathways in models are likely biased towards HgII deposition. We propose that Hg cycling models could accommodate the Hg-isotope constraints on emission and deposition fluxes.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:\r\n\r\na) to reproduce the Original Work in copies, either alone or as part of a collective work;\r\n\r\nb) to translate, adapt, alter, transform, modify, or arrange the Original Work, thereby creating derivative works (\"Derivative Works\") based upon the Original Work;\r\n\r\nc) to distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public, under any license of your choice that does not contradict the terms and conditions, including Licensor's reserved rights and remedies, in this Academic Free License;\r\n\r\nd) to perform the Original Work publicly; and\r\n\r\ne) to display the Original Work publicly.\r\n\r\n2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, for the duration of the patents, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and import the Original Work and Derivative Works.\r\n\r\n3) Grant of Source Code License. The term \"Source Code\" means the preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and all available documentation describing how to modify the Original Work. Licensor agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original Work that Licensor distributes. Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a machine-readable copy of the Source Code in an information repository reasonably calculated to permit inexpensive and convenient access by You for as long as Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work.\r\n\r\n4) Exclusions From License Grant. Neither the names of Licensor, nor the names of any contributors to the Original Work, nor any of their trademarks or service marks, may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this Original Work without express prior permission of the Licensor. Except as expressly stated herein, nothing in this License grants any license to Licensor's trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any other intellectual property. No patent license is granted to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, or import embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims defined in Section 2. No license is granted to the trademarks of Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from licensing under terms different from this License any Original Work that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license.\r\n\r\n5) External Deployment. The term \"External Deployment\" means the use, distribution, or communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original Work or Derivative Works may be used by anyone other than You, whether those works are distributed or communicated to those persons or made available as an application intended for use over a network. As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a distribution under section 1(c).\r\n\r\n6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an \"Attribution Notice.\" You must cause the Source Code for any Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have modified the Original Work.\r\n\r\n7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. Except as expressly stated in the immediately preceding sentence, the Original Work is provided under this License on an \"AS IS\" BASIS and WITHOUT WARRANTY, either express or implied, including, without limitation, the warranties of non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL WORK IS WITH YOU. This DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential part of this License. No license to the Original Work is granted by this License except under this disclaimer.\r\n\r\n8) Limitation of Liability. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including \"fair use\" or \"fair dealing\"). This License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).\r\n\r\n10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "mercury" }, { "word": "isotopes" }, { "word": "atmosphere" }, { "word": "MIF" }, { "word": "oxidation" }, { "word": "reduction" }, { "word": "speciation" }, { "word": "troposphere" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-01T16:55:55+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-08T12:37:13+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-08T12:37:13+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/k5dwt", "authors": [ { "pk": 5670, "first_name": "Xuewu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 22446, "first_name": "Martin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Jiskra", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8249, "first_name": "Xu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yang", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9267, "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marusczak", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10040, "first_name": "Maxime", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Enrico", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10567, "first_name": "Jerome", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chmeleff", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6394, "first_name": "Lars-Eric", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Heimburger-Boavida", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11210, "first_name": "Francois", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gheusi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4203, "first_name": "Jeroen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sonke", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-7146-3035" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Even isotope MIF draft_v2020_preprint_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/117/download/238/" }, { "original_filename": "Even isotope MIF draft_v2020_preprint_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/117/download/239/" }, { "original_filename": "Even isotope MIF draft_v2020_preprint_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/117/download/240/" }, { "original_filename": "Even and odd Hg isotope MIF in the free troposphere_FINAL for EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/117/download/5617/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/ed8kq", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 118, "title": "Deep spatial transformers for autoregressive data-driven forecasting of geophysical turbulence", "abstract": "A deep spatial transformer based encoder-decoder model has been developed to autoregressively predict the time evolution of the upper layers stream function of a two-layered quasi-geostrophic (QG) system without any information about the lower layers stream function. The spatio-temporal complexity of QG flow is comparable to the complexity of 500hPa Geopotential Height (Z500) of fully coupled climate models or even the Z500 which is observed in the atmosphere, based on the instantaneous attractor dimension metric. The ability to predict autoregressively, the turbulent dynamics of QG is the first step towards building data-driven surrogates for more complex climate models. We show that the equivariance preserving properties of modern spatial transformers incorporated within a convolutional encoder-decoder module can predict up to 9 days in a QG system (outperforming a baseline persistence model and a standard convolutional encoder decoder with a custom loss function). The proposed data-driven model remains stable for multiple years thus promising us of a stable and physical data-driven climate model.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Deep learning" }, { "word": "Geophysics" }, { "word": "atmosphere" }, { "word": "Data-driven" }, { "word": "Equivariance" }, { "word": "Forecasting" }, { "word": "Quasi-Geostrophic" }, { "word": "Symmetry" }, { "word": "Transformers" }, { "word": "Turbulence" }, { "word": "Weather" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-07-01T07:47:23+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-05T20:54:18+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-05T20:54:18+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/cqmb2", "authors": [ { "pk": 6924, "first_name": "Ashesh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chattopadhyay", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 195, "first_name": "Mustafa", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mustafa", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3988, "first_name": "Pedram", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hassanzadeh", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8301, "first_name": "Karthik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kashinath", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Dynamical Systems" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Fluid Dynamics" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Mathematics" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Physics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "CI_EA.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/118/download/241/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 119, "title": "Range-based intensity normalization of ALS data over forested areas using a sensor tracking method from multiple returns", "abstract": "Airborne laser scanning (ALS) point-clouds are used in forest inventory to map properties of the resource. In most cases, only the (x,y,z) coordinates of the point cloud are used to build predictive models of forest structure. Despite being recorded and provided by data suppliers, the intensity values associated with each point are rarely used as an input to such models because raw intensity values vary within and between datasets not only due to variations of the target reflectivity, but also due to variations in settings and conditions that may either modify the emitted energy or the distance between the sensor and the targets. Some studies have proposed data-driven methods of normalization, but these are often impossible to apply in practice because of the need to acquire additional reference data. Other studies have proposed model-driven methods of normalization, but in this case the difficulty of application lies with need to know the position of the sensor at any given time during the survey. In this study we applied a method to track the sensor position using pulses associated with multiple returns, which was then used to apply a model-driven correction of the intensity values within several datasets. This normalization method is based only a simple model-driven equation and does not require any reference data, thus making it applicable to any dataset. Our results demonstrate the very high accuracy of the sensor positioning method with an error under 0.5%. Using this information, the model-driven range correction then performed a satisfactory normalization of intensities within different datasets. We provide an open-source and ready-to-use tool to facilitate the application of the normalization method, which in turn could promote a better use of intensity values in ALS studies.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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It is\r\nsafest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively\r\nconvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the\r\n\"copyright\" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.\r\n\r\n <one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.>\r\n Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>\r\n\r\n This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or\r\n modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either\r\n version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.\r\n\r\n This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\r\n but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\r\n MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "ALS" }, { "word": "Intensity" }, { "word": "LiDAR" }, { "word": "Range correction" }, { "word": "Sensor Tracking" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-30T23:08:09+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:12:32+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:12:32+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/k32qw", "authors": [ { "pk": 196, "first_name": "Jean-Romain", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Roussel", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5701, "first_name": "Jean-François", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bourdon", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7064, "first_name": "Alexis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Achim", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Education" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Forest Management" }, { "name": "Forest Sciences" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Natural Resources Management and Policy" }, { "name": "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Roussel et al 2020 range based intensity correction with sensor tracking.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/119/download/242/" }, { "original_filename": "Roussel et al 2020 range based intensity correction with sensor tracking.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/119/download/243/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/q9gzc", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 120, "title": "Machine learning and fault rupture: a review", "abstract": "Geophysics has historically been a data-driven field, however in recent years the exponential increase of available data has lead to increased adoption of machine learning techniques and algorithm for analysis, detection and forecasting applications to faulting. This work reviews recent advances in the application of machine learning in the study of fault rupture ranging from the laboratory to Solid Earth.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. 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However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "machine learning" }, { "word": "Seismology" }, { "word": "Geophysics" }, { "word": "geoscience" }, { "word": "InSAR" }, { "word": "Earthquake Detection" }, { "word": "Fault Rupture" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-30T03:22:50+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-02T04:22:28+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-02T04:22:28+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agph.2020.08.003", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/xdmkq", "authors": [ { "pk": 197, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ren", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 22305, "first_name": "Claudia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hulbert", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9321, "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Johnson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8328, "first_name": "Bertrand", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rouet‐Leduc", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-2791-7949" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Mathematics" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Theory and Algorithms" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "EarthArXiv_Adv_Geo.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/120/download/244/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 121, "title": "GANSim: Conditional Facies Simulation Using an Improved Progressive Growing of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)", "abstract": "Conditional facies modeling combines geological spatial patterns with different types of observed data, to build earth models for predictions of subsurface resources. Recently, researchers have used generative adversarial networks (GANs) for conditional facies modeling, where an unconditional GAN is first trained to learn the geological patterns using the original GANs loss function, then appropriate latent vectors are searched to generate facies models that are consistent with the observed conditioning data. A problem with this approach is that the time-consuming search process needs to be conducted for every new conditioning data. As an alternative, we improve GANs for conditional facies modeling by introducing an extra condition-based loss function and adjusting the architecture of the generator to take the conditioning data as inputs, based on progressive growing of GANs. The condition-based loss function is defined as the inconsistency between the input conditioning value and the corresponding characteristics exhibited by the output facies model, and forces the generator to learn the ability of being consistent with the input conditioning data, together with the learning of geological patterns. Our input conditioning factors include global features (e.g. the mud facies proportion) alone, local features such as sparse well facies data alone, and joint combination of global features and well facies data. After training, we evaluate both the quality of generated facies models and the conditioning ability of the generators, by manual inspection and quantitative assessment. The trained generators are quite robust in generating high-quality facies models conditioned to various types of input conditioning information.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Deep learning" }, { "word": "GANs" }, { "word": "Generative Adversarial Networks" }, { "word": "Conditional facies modeling" }, { "word": "Geological pattern" }, { "word": "Progressive Growing of GANs" }, { "word": "Reservoir forecast" }, { "word": "Reservoir modeling" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-30T02:11:39+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-05T20:55:01+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-05T20:55:01+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/fm24b", "authors": [ { "pk": 3218, "first_name": "Suihong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Song", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 12187, "first_name": "Tapan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukerji", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7101, "first_name": "Jiagen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hou", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Mathematics" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" }, { "name": "Statistical Models" }, { "name": "Statistics and Probability" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Suihong Song_Conditional Facies Modeling Using an Improved Progressive Growing of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/121/download/245/" }, { "original_filename": "Suihong Song_Conditional Facies Modeling Using an Improved Progressive Growing of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/121/download/246/" }, { "original_filename": "Suihong Song_Conditional Facies Modeling Using an Improved Progressive Growing of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/121/download/247/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/nscvb", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://github.com/SuihongSong/GeoModeling_Conditional_ProGAN", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 122, "title": "Post-Processing a Conceptual Rainfall-Runoff Model with an LSTM", "abstract": "Machine learning is becoming an increasingly important part of streamflow forecasting, but as these models to date lack a physical basis, there is a potential that they may produce values that are not realistic. We tested a simple post-processing strategy that uses the outputs from a calibrated conceptual model (the Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting Model with Snow-17; SAC-SMA) as inputs into a a Long Short Term Memory Network (LSTM). Overall, the SAC-SMA model was improved substantially, while post-processing offered only minor improvements relative to the standalone LSTM. SAC-SMA performance was improved in catchments with more snow. The standalone LSTM was improved in terms of long-term bias, which is likely because the LSTM is not constrained by conservation principles.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-29T15:57:56+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-10T10:13:08+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-10T10:13:08+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/53te4", "authors": [ { "pk": 1640, "first_name": "Grey", "middle_name": "Stephen", "last_name": "Nearing", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 199, "first_name": "Alden Keefe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sampson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3631, "first_name": "Frederik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kratzert", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 2566, "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frame", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-2533-3843" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "SAC_SMA_Post_Processing.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/122/download/248/" }, { "original_filename": "SAC_SMA_Post_Processing (1).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/122/download/249/" }, { "original_filename": "SAC_SMA_Post_Processing.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/122/download/250/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://ral.ucar.edu/solutions/products/camels", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://github.com/kratzert/lstm_based_hydrology/tree/sacsma_postprocessing", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 123, "title": "Exposure and vulnerability estimation for modelling flood losses to commercial assets in Europe", "abstract": "Commercial assets comprise buildings, machinery and equipment, which are susceptible to floods. Existing damage models and exposure estimation methods for this sector have limited transferability between flood events. In this study we introduce two methodologies aiming at broader applicability: (1) disaggregation of economic statistics to obtain detailed building-level estimates of replacement costs of commercial assets; (2) a Bayesian Network-based (BN) damage model to estimate relative losses to the aforementioned assets. The BN model is based primarily on six post-disaster company surveys carried out in Germany after flood events that had occurred between 2002 and 2013, which is a unique source of microdata on commercial losses. The model is probabilistic and provides probability distributions of estimated losses, and as such quantitative uncertainty information. The BN shows good accuracy of predictions of building losses, though overestimates machinery/equipment loss. To test its suitability for pan-European flood modelling, the BN was applied to validation case studies, comprising a coastal flood in France (2010) and fluvial floods in Saxony (2013) and Italy (2014) are presented as well. Overall difference between modelled and reported average loss per company was only 2–19% depending on the case study. Additionally, the BN model achieved better results than six alternative damage models in those (except for one model in the Italian case study). Further, our exposure estimates mostly resulted in better predictions of the damage models compared to previously published pan-European exposure data, which tend to overestimate exposure. All in all, the methods allow easy modelling of commercial flood losses in the whole of Europe, since they are applicable even if only publicly-available datasets are obtainable. The methods achieve a higher accuracy than alternative approaches, and inherently provide uncertainty information, which is particularly valuable for decision making under high uncertainty.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Bayesian Networks" }, { "word": "Flood damage model" }, { "word": "Fluvial floods" }, { "word": "Xynthia storm" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-27T20:00:09+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-05T20:52:16+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-05T20:52:16+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140011", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/r6dfg", "authors": [ { "pk": 3585, "first_name": "Dominik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Paprotny", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5780, "first_name": "Heidi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kreibich", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7144, "first_name": "Oswaldo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morales-Nápoles", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8369, "first_name": "Attilio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Castellarin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9360, "first_name": "Francesca", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carisi3", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10106, "first_name": "Kai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schröter", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Multivariate Analysis" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Statistics and Probability" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Accepted_manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/123/download/251/" }, { "original_filename": "Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/123/download/252/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/5muqk", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 3547, "title": "Pumped Storage Hydropower: A Grid Intermittency Solution", "abstract": "As public pressure and state emissions targets increasingly promote grid decarbonization, society must find solutions to the intermittency problem of renewable energy. While several emerging battery technologies provide a solution to this problem, pumped storage hydropower (PSH) is the most promising given its long lifecycle and widespread deployment. This paper will analyze and compare PSH with other battery technologies, review existing funding opportunities, and provide recommendations on how the United States government can effectively promote grid sustainability. By repurposing abandoned mountaintop removal coal mining sites, the government can increase PSH capacity.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Grid Decarbonization" }, { "word": "Pumped Storage Hydropower" }, { "word": "sustainability" }, { "word": "Energy Storage" }, { "word": "coal mining" } ], "date_submitted": "2022-08-28T17:40:37.983000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2022-08-30T10:03:49.427000+02:00", "date_published": "2022-08-30T11:03:00+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/X5MP99", "authors": [ { "pk": 17178, "first_name": "Samuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Desai", "salutation": "Mr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Studies" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "MTR PSH Paper.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/3547/download/7086/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 124, "title": "Post-processing the National Water Model with Long Short- Term Memory Networks for Streamflow Predictions and Model Diagnostics", "abstract": "We build three Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) daily streamflow prediction models (deep learning networks) for 531 basins across the contiguous United States (CONUS), and compare their performance: (1) a LSTM post-processor trained on the U.S. National Water Model (NWM) outputs (LSTM_PP) as a target variable, (2) a LSTM post-processor trained on the NWM outputs and using atmospheric forcings (LSTM_PPA), and (3) a LSTM model trained on USGS average daily streamflow data and using atmospheric forcing (LSTM_A). We trained the LSTMs for the period 2004-2014 and evaluated on 1994-2002, and compared several performance metrics to the NWM reanalysis. Overall performance of the three LSTMs is similar, with median NSE scores of 0.73 (LSTM_PP), 0.75 (LSTM_PPA), and 0.74 (LSTM_A), and all three LSTMs outperform the NWM validation scores of 0.62. Additionally, LSTM_A outperforms LSTM_PP and LSTM_PPA in ungauged basins. While LSTM as a post-processor improves NWM predictions substantially, we achieved comparable performance with the LSTM trained without the NWM outputs (LSTM_A). Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis to diagnose the land surface component of the NWM as the source of mass bias error and the channel router as a source of simulation timing error. This indicates that the NWM routing scheme should be considered a priority for NWM improvement.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. 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Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including \"fair use\" or \"fair dealing\"). This License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).\r\n\r\n10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Long short-term memory" }, { "word": "National Water Model" }, { "word": "theory-guided machine learning" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-27T00:19:43+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-02T04:27:48+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-02T04:27:48+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/4xhac", "authors": [ { "pk": 2566, "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Frame", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-2533-3843" }, { "pk": 1640, "first_name": "Grey", "middle_name": "Stephen", "last_name": "Nearing", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3631, "first_name": "Frederik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kratzert", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4570, "first_name": "Mashrekur", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rahman", "salutation": "Mr", "orcid": "0000-0002-2152-8379" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "draft_Proof_Frame_et_al_2020_NWM_post_processing.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/124/download/253/" }, { "original_filename": "NWM_Postprocessing_Frame_2020_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/124/download/254/" }, { "original_filename": "NWM_Postprocessing_Frame_2020_WRR.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/124/download/255/" }, { "original_filename": "NWM_Postprocessing_Frame_2020_WRR.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/124/download/256/" }, { "original_filename": "JAWRA-20-0099-P.R1_Proof_hi.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/124/download/4594/" }, { "original_filename": "JAWRA-20-0099-P.R2_Proof_hi.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/124/download/5316/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://docs.opendata.aws/nwm-archive/readme.html", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://ral.ucar.edu/solutions/products/camels", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://github.com/jmframe/nwm-reanalysis-model-data-processing", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://github.com/kratzert/ealstm-regional-modeling", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://github.com/jmframe/nwm-post-processing-with-lstm", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 125, "title": "Ekman-Inertial Instability", "abstract": "We report on an instability, arising in sub-surface, laterally-sheared flows in rotation. When the lateral shear of a horizontal flow in geostrophic balance is of opposite sign as the Coriolis parameter, and exceeds it in magnitude, embedded perturbations are subjected to inertial instability, albeit modified by viscosity. When the perturbation arises from the surface of the fluid, the initial response is akin to a Stokes problem, with an initial flow aligned with the initial perturbation. Perturbation then grows quasi-inertially, rotation deflecting the velocity vector, which adopts a well-defined angle with the mean flow. While the perturbation initially grows super-inertially, the growth rate then becomes sub-inertial, eventually tending back to the inertial value. The same process repeats downward as time progresses. Ekman-inertial transport aligns with the asymptotic orientation of the flow, and grows exactly inertially with time, once the initial instants have passed. Because of the strongly super-inertial initial growth rate, this instability might compete favorably against other instabilities arising in ocean fronts.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-26T22:59:49+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-05T20:51:43+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-05T20:51:43+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/d8vne", "authors": [ { "pk": 3572, "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Grisouard", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0003-4045-2143" }, { "pk": 5851, "first_name": "Varvara", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Zemskova", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "EarthArXiv_reprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/125/download/257/" }, { "original_filename": "1st_sub_reprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/125/download/258/" }, { "original_filename": "1st_sub.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/125/download/259/" }, { "original_filename": "EarthArXiv_preprint_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/125/download/4279/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/ngrisouard/Ekman-Inertial-Instability", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 126, "title": "Influences on Discharge Partitioning on a Large River Delta: Case Study of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya Diversion, 1926–1950", "abstract": "The modern Mississippi River (M.R.) Delta is plumbed by the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers, setting water and sediment dispersal pathways for Earth’s fifth-largest river system. The Atchafalaya River’s (A.R.) partial annexation of discharge from the M.R., particularly between 1926 and 1950, prompted warnings of a rapid river avulsion and the construction of the Old River Control Structure to regulate flow. Natural and anthropogenic causes of this discharge annexation are difficult to disentangle. Here, we develop and validate a hydrodynamic model of flow partitioning through the historic channel network. We then isolate how several key changes to the system affected discharge partitioning and stage at the A.R.-M.R. diversion. Simulations show that erosion of the upper A.R. can account for 73% of the water discharge increase. Dredging in the lower A.R. between 1932 and 1950 can account for 35% of the water discharge increase, and was also an important control on shear stress distribution. The lower M.R. was slightly erosional during this period, and therefore hindered the A.R. discharge increase. Significant lacustrine delta deposition in A.R. had little effect on partitioning. These findings highlight \r\n the importance of A.R. enlargement processes on avulsion dynamics at this site. Given the essential nature of this river junction to the society, transportation, and commerce of the United States, improved attribution of discharge increases may lead to future management strategies that are broadly impactful.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-26T22:23:29+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-01T20:46:42+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-01T20:46:42+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028090", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/2ecta", "authors": [ { "pk": 4443, "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Shaw", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5863, "first_name": "Kashauna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mason", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 206, "first_name": "Hongbo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ma", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 207, "first_name": "Gordon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "McCain", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "ATCMISS_Paper_V21.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/126/download/260/" }, { "original_filename": "ATCMISS_Paper_V27_EarthArxiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/126/download/4945/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12440279.v1", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 127, "title": "Model Parameter Evaluation and Improvement for Real-Time Flood Inundation Mapping Using HAND Model: Iowa Case Study", "abstract": "In this study, the performance of Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) was evaluated in Linn, Jones, Johnson, Cedar, and Muscatine counties in the State of Iowa. The impacts of three model parameters (drainage threshold, water depth, resolution of data) were studied. The effectiveness of improving approaches—variable water depths, community-level analysis, and inner zone was explored. The model performance was compared against flood hazard maps of 100- and 500-year flooding events generated by the Iowa Flood Center. Results showed the Hit Rate, Proportion Correct and Kappa Value reached 0.80 (0.79 for 500-year event), 0.93, and 0.69 (0.70 for 500-year event) respectively, even when no improving approach was involved. The approaches helped Hit Rate improve to 0.88 for both flooding events, and Mixed Index increase by 5.83 % (100-year event) and 5.77 % (500-year event). The study presented how to improve the accuracy of HAND model in a simple and practical way.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "flood modeling" }, { "word": "HAND" }, { "word": "model improvement" }, { "word": "real-time inundation mapping" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-26T17:14:17+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-01T20:45:50+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-01T20:45:50+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/hqpzg", "authors": [ { "pk": 2165, "first_name": "Zhouyayan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Li", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5888, "first_name": "Jerry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mount", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3764, "first_name": "Ibrahim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demir", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Civil and Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Hydraulic Engineering" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Manuscript_Li_Demir_0828_final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/127/download/261/" }, { "original_filename": "Manuscript_Li_Demir.v2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/127/download/262/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 128, "title": "Tidal Modulation of Antarctic Ice Shelf Melting", "abstract": "Tides influence basal melting of individual Antarctic ice shelves, but their net impact on Antarctic-wide ice-ocean interaction has yet to be constrained. Here we quantify the impact of tides on ice shelf melting and the continental shelf seas by means of a 4 km resolution circum-Antarctic ocean model. Activating tides in the model increases the total basal mass loss by 57 Gt/yr (4 %), while decreasing continental shelf temperatures by 0.04 ◦C, indicating a slightly more efficient conversion of ocean heat into ice shelf melting. Regional variations can be larger, with melt rate modulations exceeding 500 % and temperatures changing by more than 0.5◦C, highlighting the importance of capturing tides for robust modelling of glacier systems and coastal oceans. Tide-induced changes around the Antarctic Peninsula have a dipolar distribution with decreased ocean temperatures and reduced melting towards the Bellingshausen Sea and warming along the continental shelf break on the Weddell Sea side. This warming extends under the Ronne Ice Shelf, which also features one of the highest increases in area-averaged basal melting (150 %) when tides are included. Further, by means of a singular spectrum analysis, we explore the processes that cause variations in melting and its drivers in the boundary layer over periods of up to one month. At most places friction velocity varies at tidal timescales (one day or faster), while thermal driving changes at slower rates (longer than one day). In some key regions under the large cold-water ice shelves, however, thermal driving varies faster than friction velocity and this can not be explained by tidal modulations in boundary layer exchange rates alone. Our results suggest that large scale ocean models aiming to predict accurate ice shelf melt rates will need to explicitly resolve tides.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Tides" }, { "word": "Antarctica" }, { "word": "ice shelf melting" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-26T17:03:22+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-01T20:45:12+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-01T20:45:12+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/vre3m", "authors": [ { "pk": 209, "first_name": "Ole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Richter", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 210, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gwyther", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 12212, "first_name": "Matt", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "King", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6277, "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Galton-Fenzi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Glaciology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "EarthArXive_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/128/download/263/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "http://rdp.utas.edu.au/metadata/d34f18f9-a878-49cb-9ad5-b4d27e0c7b77", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738985", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3738998", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 129, "title": "“Empirical pre-whitening” spectral analysis detects periodic but inconsistent signals in abyssal hill morphology at the southern East Pacific Rise", "abstract": "The existence, or not, of periodicities in abyssal hill morphology has been vigorously debated in recent publications, and some have hypothesized that such periodicities are evidence of the impact of Milankovitch cycle-caused sea level fluctuations on the volcanic construction process at mid-ocean ridges. Periodicities are detected by the presence of spectral peaks that rise significantly above the random variations of sample power spectra associated with an aperiodic, continuous spectrum process, typically modeled as a band-limited fractal (von Kármán model). Here I formulate and test a new algorithm to “empirically pre-whiten” the sample power spectrum which, without needing to model the continuous spectrum, flattens it to a zero-mean process. This greatly simplifies definition of the null hypothesis, and additional modeling approximates standard deviation levels that provide a conservative basis for detecting peaks that may be indicative of periodicity. The algorithm is applied to extensive bathymetric data flanking the southern East Pacific Rise. Significant periodicities are detected on many profiles analyzed, but the periods vary widely, and do not cluster at Milankovitch periods. The most substantial harmonic signals detected exhibit periods ~0.082-0.216 my, with root-mean square (RMS) heights approximately a quarter to a third of the RMS height for the aperiodic signal. It is hypothesized that the dominant aperiodic component of abyssal hills corresponds to morphology constructed by faults that follow a random distribution governed by scaling laws, whereas longer-scale periodic signals are associated with crustal thickness variations controlled internally by variations in melt supply.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. 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This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Autocovariance" }, { "word": "faulting" }, { "word": "melt supply" }, { "word": "Mid-Ocean Ridge" }, { "word": "stochastic processes" }, { "word": "von Karman model" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-25T17:49:13+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-02T04:26:31+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-02T04:26:31+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/d58nt", "authors": [ { "pk": 1545, "first_name": "JOHN", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "GOFF", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-9246-5048" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "AHspectral_submit2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/129/download/264/" }, { "original_filename": "AHspectral_submit.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/129/download/265/" }, { "original_filename": "AHspectral_submit.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/129/download/266/" }, { "original_filename": "AHspectral_accepted_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/129/download/3657/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/2smyq", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://www.gmrt.org/", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 130, "title": "Adjoint-based sensitivity analysis for a numerical storm surge model", "abstract": "Numerical storm surge models are essential to forecasting coastal flood hazard and informing the design of coastal defences. However, such models rely on a variety of inputs, many of which will carry uncertainty, and an awareness and understanding of the sensitivity of the model outputs with respect to those uncertain inputs is necessary when interpreting model results. Here, we use an unstructured-mesh numerical coastal ocean model, Thetis, and its adjoint, to perform a sensitivity analysis for a hindcast of the 5th/6th December 2013 North Sea surge event, with respect to the bottom friction coefficient, bathymetry and wind stress forcing. The results reveal spatial and temporal patterns of sensitivity, providing physical insight into the mechanisms of surge generation and propagation, and can also be used to estimate the uncertainty in skew surge model predictions due to uncertainty in each model input. Our results demonstrate the power of adjoint methods to gain relevant insight into a storm surge model, providing information complementary to traditional ensemble uncertainty quantification methods.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Unstructured mesh" }, { "word": "Adjoint" }, { "word": "Finite element method" }, { "word": "Sensitivity analysis" }, { "word": "Storm surge" }, { "word": "Uncertainty quantification" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-25T12:04:36+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-29T18:24:38+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-29T18:24:38+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2021.101766", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ywn6j", "authors": [ { "pk": 1765, "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Warder", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0003-0445-4280" }, { "pk": 5936, "first_name": "Kevin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Horsburgh", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 152, "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Piggott", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Applied Mathematics" }, { "name": "Numerical Analysis and Computation" }, { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Adjoint_based_sensitivity_analysis_for_a_numerical_storm_surge_model.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/130/download/267/" }, { "original_filename": "main.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/130/download/4344/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 131, "title": "A comparison of Bayesian inference and gradient-based approaches for friction parameter estimation", "abstract": "Numerical tidal models are essential to the study of a variety of coastal ocean processes, but typically rely on uncertain inputs, including a bottom friction parameter which can in principle be spatially varying. Here we employ an adjoint-capable numerical ocean model, Thetis, and apply it to the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary, using a spatially varying Manning coefficient within the bottom friction parameterisation. The spatial variation in the coefficient is a priori constrained by a categorisation of the sediment type found on the sea bed into three groups: rock, sediment containing gravel, and sediment containing only sand. We compare two calibration methods to estimate the three corresponding Manning coefficients using tide gauge observation data. The first method consists of Bayesian inversion via a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm, using a Gaussian process emulator as a surrogate for the full numerical model, while the second uses a gradient-based approach via the adjoint mode of the numerical model. We first apply these methods to a `synthetic experiment, then to the assimilation of real data; in each experiment we compare the results from each method and their respective computational cost. We further find that the use of the estimated Manning coefficients also reduces the model-observation misfit when tested within an independent numerical model, TELEMAC-2D, indicating that the calibration procedure has identified non model-specific and physically meaningful parameters.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Bayesian inversion" }, { "word": "Adjoint" }, { "word": "Gradient-based optimisation" }, { "word": "MCMC" }, { "word": "Parameter estimation" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-25T11:00:54+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-29T18:23:53+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-29T18:23:53+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/mv9qy", "authors": [ { "pk": 1765, "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Warder", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0003-0445-4280" }, { "pk": 4890, "first_name": "Athanasios", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Angeloudis", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6451, "first_name": "Stephan", "middle_name": "C", "last_name": "Kramer", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7070, "first_name": "Colin", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Cotter", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 152, "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Piggott", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Applied Mathematics" }, { "name": "Numerical Analysis and Computation" }, { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "A_comparison_of_Bayesian_inference_and_gradient_based_approaches_for_friction_parameter_estimation.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/131/download/268/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 132, "title": "An agent-based model for estimating emissions reduction equivalence among leak detection and repair programs", "abstract": "Alternative leak detection and repair (alt-LDAR) programs are being introduced by regulators in North America to provide flexibility in how oil and gas producers manage their fugitive methane emissions. However, emissions reduction equivalence must be established between a proposed program and a regulatory standard. We present LDAR-Sim, an open-source, agent-based numerical model for estimating equivalence among LDAR programs and exploring specific LDAR scenarios. Novel advancements include the ability to: (1) set facility-specific LDAR requirements and deployment constraints, (2) simultaneously deploy multiple technologies, each with multiple intelligent agents, (3) integrate screening and close-range methods in a collaborative work practice, (4) consider unique environmental limitations of different technologies, (5) evaluate the impact of limited equipment and labour, and (6) explore the impact of legally vented emissions on screening technologies. We examine several alt-LDAR scenarios using real assets and discuss model confidence and sensitivity to inputs. We show that equivalence determinations depend on explicit definition of reference standards, including weather and labour availability. Screening method performance is vulnerable to the confounding presence of vented emissions and to criteria that trigger follow-up surveys. Relative mitigation of programs is highly sensitive to leak production and null repair rates, two elusive parameters used in previous studies.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "emissions reduction equivalence" }, { "word": "fugitive emissions" }, { "word": "leak detection and repair" }, { "word": "methane" }, { "word": "oil and gas" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-23T16:25:50+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-02T04:25:30+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-02T04:25:30+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/rzh92", "authors": [ { "pk": 3878, "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fox", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5984, "first_name": "Mozhou", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gao", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 13949, "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barchyn", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0003-0489-9263" }, { "pk": 8499, "first_name": "Yorwearth", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Jamin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7909, "first_name": "Chris", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hugenholtz", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Oil, Gas, and Energy" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Fox_etal_2020_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/132/download/269/" }, { "original_filename": "Fox_etal_2020_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/132/download/270/" }, { "original_filename": "Fox_etal_2020_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/132/download/271/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/tarcadius/LDAR_Sim/tree/Fox_etal_2020_preprint", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 142, "title": "Seismic swarm preceding the 2017 Mount Agung eruption in Bali (Indonesia) enhanced by the matched filter approach", "abstract": "Intense swarm seismicity took place before the 2017 Mount Agung eruption in Bali (Indonesia). However, the earthquake sequences were not well documented. In addition, there was a substantial delay between the peak of the seismic activity (late September) and the onset of the impending eruption (late November). We applied waveform-based hypocenter relocation and matched filter technique (MFT) to enhance the earthquake catalog of the swarm associated with the eruption. We detect fourteen times more events (5,803) than the routine catalog (407) from 1 August 2017 to 1 December 2017. The intense swarm initiated on 20 September 2017 at ~09:00 UTC, and the peak of the swarm occurred during 22-24 September with 1,473 events. The updated spatiotemporal evolution of the swarm seismicity shed light on the processes involved in a volcano reawaking and highlighted the use of MFT in volcano monitoring with existing regional seismic networks.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. 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For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "earthquake" }, { "word": "matched filter" }, { "word": "seismic" }, { "word": "Mount Agung" }, { "word": "Swarm" }, { "word": "Volcano Monitoring" }, { "word": "volcano seismology" }, { "word": "Volcano-tectonic (VT)" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-19T11:11:16+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-02T04:27:12+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-02T04:27:12+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/a7yx2", "authors": [ { "pk": 221, "first_name": "Dimas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sianipar", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6214, "first_name": "Emi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ulfiana", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6108, "first_name": "Renhard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sipayung", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Sianipar_etal_swarm_Agung_preprint_2020_upload.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/142/download/288/" }, { "original_filename": "Sianipar_etal_swarm_agung_2020_preprint_v1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/142/download/289/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820934", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 133, "title": "Seismological Expression of the Iron Spin Crossover in Ferropericlase in the Earth’s Lower Mantle", "abstract": "The two most abundant minerals on Earth which together make up over 90% of the Earth’s lower mantle are (Mg,Fe)O-ferropericlase (Fp) and (Mg,Fe)SiO3-bridgmanite (Bm). Iron in Fp undergoes a high-spin to low-spin (HS-LS) crossover that influences density, viscosity, elasticity, thermal conductivity, and elemental partitioning, however, the predicted effects of this transition are not apparent in global 1D seismic velocity profiles. This discrepancy suggests that the predictions are inaccurate, seismic resolution is insufficient to resolve the effects, or a substantial portion of the mid-lower mantle is relatively SiO2-rich (hence Fp poor) compared to the shallow mantle. The melt-depleted mantle lithosphere of subducted oceanic slabs that sink into the lower mantle contains 22% Fp, and thus offers the best opportunity to prospect for a spin change in Fp. Here we reveal a loss in the abundance of fast seismic velocity anomalies in compressional (P-wave) tomography models at 1,400-2,000 km depth that is opposite to the trend in shear (S-wave) models. This can be explained by the decreasing temperature sensitivity of P-velocity expected for the mixed spin state of iron in Fp at corresponding pressures7. We also observe a similar but subtle signal for seismically slow regions below 1,800 km, consistent with a pressure increase and broadening of the Fp spin transition at higher temperatures. Seismic wave raypath distribution is similar for both P- and S-waves in this depth range, therefore this signature cannot be attributed to substantial differences in data coverage. Our identification of the spin transition signal in seismically fast and slow regions indicates that the spin crossover can identify the presence of Fp in the lower mantle. The absence of a Fp spin crossover signal in global seismic profiles supports the notion that the lower mantle is chemically heterogeneous at large scales and contains SiO2-rich regions that suppress the average signature of these pressure-induced electron spin pairing transitions.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-23T05:13:19+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-29T18:17:27+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-29T18:17:27+02:00", "doi": "http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26115-z", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/deuck", "authors": [ { "pk": 3726, "first_name": "Grace", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shephard", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6024, "first_name": "Christine", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Houser", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7328, "first_name": "John", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hernlund", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8518, "first_name": "Juan", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Valencia-Cardona", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9478, "first_name": "Reidar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Trønnes", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10180, "first_name": "Renata", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wentzkovitch", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geochemistry" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Mineral Physics" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Physics" }, { "name": "Quantum Physics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "preprint_Shephard_etal.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/133/download/272/" }, { "original_filename": "preprint_Shephard_etal_spincrossoverfp_review.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/133/download/273/" }, { "original_filename": "Shephard_etal_InReview_v2preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/133/download/4158/" }, { "original_filename": "Shephard_etal_InReview_v3preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/133/download/4166/" }, { "original_filename": "Shephard_etal_Manscuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/133/download/5664/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 134, "title": "Fully Automated Carbonate Petrography Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks", "abstract": "Carbonate rocks are important archives of past ocean conditions as well as hosts of economic resources such as hydrocarbons, water, and minerals. Geologists typically perform compositional analysis of grain, matrix, cement and pore types in order to interpret depositional environments, diagenetic modification, and reservoir quality of carbonate strata. Such information can be obtained primarily from petrographic analysis, a task that is costly, labor-intensive, and requires in-depth knowledge of carbonate petrology and micropaleontology. Recent studies have leveraged machine learning-based image analysis, including Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN), to automate description, classification and interpretation of thin sections, subsurface core images and seismic facies, which would accelerate data acquisition and reproducibility for these tasks. In carbonate rocks, this approach has been applied primarily to recognize carbonate lithofacies, and no attempt has been made to individually identify and quantify various types of carbonate grains, matrix, and cement. In this study, the applicability and performance of DCNN-based object detection and image classification approaches are assessed with respect to carbonate compositional analysis. The training data comprised of more than 13,000 individually labeled objects from nearly 4000 carbonate petrographic images. The dataset is grouped into six and nine different classes for the image classification and object detection tasks, respectively. Even with a small and relatively imbalanced training set, the DCNN was able to achieve an F1 score of 92% for image classification and 84% mean precision for object detection by combining one-cycle policy, class weight, and label mixup-smoothing methods. This study highlights the inefficiency of image classification as an approach to replicating human description and classification of carbonate petrography. By contrast, DCNN-based object detection appears capable of approaching human speed and accuracy in the area of carbonate petrography because it is able to individually locate and identify different carbonate components with greater cost-efficiency, speed, and reproducibility than conventional (human) petrographic analysis.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "machine learning" }, { "word": "Deep learning" }, { "word": "Artificial Intelligence" }, { "word": "Carbonate" }, { "word": "Petrography" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-22T06:23:37+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-23T05:36:42+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-23T05:36:42+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104687", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/necbm", "authors": [ { "pk": 3111, "first_name": "Ardiansyah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Koeshidayatullah", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0003-0940-678X" }, { "pk": 6055, "first_name": "Michele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morsilli", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7361, "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Lehrmann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8548, "first_name": "Khalid", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Al-Ramadan", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9499, "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Payne", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Paleobiology" }, { "name": "Paleontology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Carbonate Machine Learning_MPG_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/134/download/274/" }, { "original_filename": "Carbonate Machine Learning_MPG_Revised_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/134/download/275/" }, { "original_filename": "Carbonate_Machine_Learning_EarthArxiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/134/download/276/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/9nxky", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 135, "title": "Terrestrial evaporation and global climate: lessons from Northland, a planet with a hemispheric continent", "abstract": "From a climate perspective, land differs from the ocean in several fundamental physical ways, including albedo, heat capacity, amount of water storage, and differences in resistance to evaporation. These differences alter the surface energy and water budgets over land compared to ocean, with implications for both surface climate and atmospheric circulation. In this study, we use an idealized general circulation model (Isca) to explore the climate state of Northland, a planet with a northern land hemisphere and a southern ocean hemisphere. These idealized simulations are motivated by the asymmetry of continental distribution on the globe, with a greater concentration of landmasses in the northern hemisphere and a larger area of ocean in the southern hemisphere, \r\nand further illuminate the basic role that land-sea contrasts play in global atmospheric dynamics. We find a much larger seasonal cycle of temperature over land compared to ocean, as expected. The continent is seasonally wet in the tropics, has a subtropical desert, and a moist high-latitude ``swamp, where moisture transported from the tropics accumulates. Decreasing the land albedo leads to warming. In contrast to past studies, suppressing evaporation from the land surface cools the climate, resulting from decreased atmospheric water vapor and reduced trapping of longwave radiation, which dominates over the warming associated with reduced evaporative cooling at the surface. The ITCZ in the Northland simulations extends farther polewards over both the land and ocean hemispheres than the ITCZ in an aquaplanet. Our results demonstrate the potential for land and hemispheric asymmetries in controlling the large-scale axisymmetric atmospheric circulation.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-21T18:44:10+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-22T02:21:37+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-22T02:21:37+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0452.1", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/qjne3", "authors": [ { "pk": 1548, "first_name": "Marysa", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Lague", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-8513-542X" }, { "pk": 218, "first_name": "Marianne", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pietschnig", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 219, "first_name": "Sarah", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ragen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 220, "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Smith", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8187, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "Battisti", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Northland_main.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/135/download/277/" }, { "original_filename": "Northland_R1_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/135/download/3632/" }, { "original_filename": "Northland_R1_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/135/download/3655/" }, { "original_filename": "Northland_R2_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/135/download/3977/" }, { "original_filename": "Northland_R2_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/135/download/3978/" }, { "original_filename": "Northland_R2_Accepted_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/135/download/4062/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://mfr.osf.io/render?url=https://osf.io/q5vkc/?direct%26mode=render%26action=download%26mode=render", "label": "Supplementary File" } ] }, { "pk": 136, "title": "Excessive seismicity over a limited source: the August 2019 earthquake swarm near Mt. Salak in West Java (Indonesia)", "abstract": "The triggering mechanism of swarm-like seismicity in the Java Island of Indonesia is generally not well understood. Understanding earthquake swarm phenomena and monitoring in various tectonic settings can be improved by the detection of micro-earthquakes; however, such a catalog is not available due to various reasons including the existing limited seismic network and using an outdated algorithm for events detection. In this study, we analyze the seismic waveforms and explore the detection capability of small earthquakes during the August 2019 earthquake sequence near Mt. Salak (West Java) by using the known matched filter technique (MFT) and relocated events as templates. We analyze continuous waveforms from seven broadband seismic stations in a 150 km radius around the source center and for a ~1 month of data. Our derived complete catalog enables us to analyze the frequency-magnitude distribution of the sequence as well as the spatiotemporal evolution of micro-seismicity. The six largest events were hybrid-like-type volcano-tectonic earthquakes with oblique-thrust mechanisms. The relocation procedure shows that all of the events are located within a small area of ~2x2 km^2, probably bounded at 9-12 km of depth. The pattern of seismicity distribution was not clear, however, focal mechanisms might indicate N/NW or E/SE-trending orientation with a steep plane. We detect 280 additional micro-earthquakes to the improved catalog. The b-value of the sequence is close to 1.1, typical for many volcano-tectonic events. We show that the swarm might be initiated by the fluid intrusion into the seismogenic zone while the stress changes from the largest event affected the evolution of swarm.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:\r\n\r\na) to reproduce the Original Work in copies, either alone or as part of a collective work;\r\n\r\nb) to translate, adapt, alter, transform, modify, or arrange the Original Work, thereby creating derivative works (\"Derivative Works\") based upon the Original Work;\r\n\r\nc) to distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public, under any license of your choice that does not contradict the terms and conditions, including Licensor's reserved rights and remedies, in this Academic Free License;\r\n\r\nd) to perform the Original Work publicly; and\r\n\r\ne) to display the Original Work publicly.\r\n\r\n2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, for the duration of the patents, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and import the Original Work and Derivative Works.\r\n\r\n3) Grant of Source Code License. The term \"Source Code\" means the preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and all available documentation describing how to modify the Original Work. Licensor agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original Work that Licensor distributes. Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a machine-readable copy of the Source Code in an information repository reasonably calculated to permit inexpensive and convenient access by You for as long as Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work.\r\n\r\n4) Exclusions From License Grant. Neither the names of Licensor, nor the names of any contributors to the Original Work, nor any of their trademarks or service marks, may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this Original Work without express prior permission of the Licensor. Except as expressly stated herein, nothing in this License grants any license to Licensor's trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any other intellectual property. No patent license is granted to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, or import embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims defined in Section 2. No license is granted to the trademarks of Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from licensing under terms different from this License any Original Work that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license.\r\n\r\n5) External Deployment. The term \"External Deployment\" means the use, distribution, or communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original Work or Derivative Works may be used by anyone other than You, whether those works are distributed or communicated to those persons or made available as an application intended for use over a network. As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a distribution under section 1(c).\r\n\r\n6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an \"Attribution Notice.\" You must cause the Source Code for any Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have modified the Original Work.\r\n\r\n7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. 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Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. 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This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "b-value" }, { "word": "diffusivity" }, { "word": "earthquake" }, { "word": "earthquake swarm" }, { "word": "frequency index" }, { "word": "hypocenter relocation" }, { "word": "hypoDD" }, { "word": "matched filter" }, { "word": "moment tensor" }, { "word": "Mt. Salak" }, { "word": "seismic" }, { "word": "Volcano-tectonic swarm" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-20T17:08:55+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-22T02:22:04+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-22T02:22:04+02:00", "doi": "http://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-020-09957-w", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/e4r5p", "authors": [ { "pk": 221, "first_name": "Dimas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sianipar", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6108, "first_name": "Renhard", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sipayung", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6214, "first_name": "Emi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ulfiana", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Sianipar_etal_swarm_Salak_preprint_2020_upload.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/136/download/278/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 4702, "title": "Epitomic Data for Community Land Model Standalone Simulations for Prognostic Analyses of Tropical Mountain Glaciation and Lake Temperature in Pre-Industrial, Last Glacial Maximum, and Extreme Glacial Climates", "abstract": "Global climate models typically simulate climate at much larger spatial scales than tropical mountain glaciers and many of the world’s lakes. Yet some of the proxy data that can be used to validate models of past climate on land come from and are related to these geographic features. Validating global climate models using these proxies requires some method of downscaling global climate model output to the resolution of the relevant geographic feature. One possible downscaling technique is to use the global climate model to generate a time-evolving atmospheric state that can be used to force the model’s own land component at much higher resolution than the global model to resolve the relevant geographic features and/or local topography as well as the processes of interest. This dataset contains the output from 50 experiments that use the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) and its land component, the Community Land Model (version 5) to downscale climate simulations of pre-industrial, Last Glacial Maximum, and an extreme glacial climate with gross similarities to hypothetical late Paleozoic conditions (but within a Last Glacial Maximum paleogeography) to better resolve tropical mountain glaciers in various parts of the world and in one case, a lake. These experiments largely interpolate the land properties assumed by the relevant global climate model simulation to a 100 point per degree grid in a domain that is 1 in longitude and 2 in latitude. Global, high-resolution topography, and sometimes lake distribution datasets are then used to provide information about topography and other properties on the 100 ppd grid. The experiments are then run for 30 or 60 years. The dataset also contains global climate model simulation output of the model experiments used to generate the atmospheric forcing, simple analyses of tropical mountain glacier stability and extent in the experiments, and the code necessary to reproduce these experiments or apply them to other spatial domains.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2022-11-14T18:15:06.279000+01:00", "date_accepted": "2022-11-15T17:10:06.856000+01:00", "date_published": "2022-11-15T12:09:00+01:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/X5J071", "authors": [ { "pk": 21462, "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "Gray", "last_name": "Heavens", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-7654-503X" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Fresh Water Studies" }, { "name": "Glaciology" }, { "name": "Hydrology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "EarthArxivPreprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/4702/download/9388/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 137, "title": "A Review of Satellite Remote Sensing Techniques of River Delta Morphology Change", "abstract": "River deltas are important coastal depositional systems that are home to almost half a billion people worldwide. Understanding morphology changes in deltas is important in identifying vulnerabilities to natural disasters and improving sustainable planning and management. Satellite remote sensing has shown to be a useful technology for analyzing these morphology changes owing largely to its capability to provide spatially continues observations. In this paper, we critically review the literature about satellite remote sensing techniques that were used to study delta morphology changes. \r\nWe identify and categorize the techniques reported in the literature into 3 major classes: 1) One-step change detection, 2) Two-step change detection, and 3) Ensemble Classifications. In total we offer a review of 18 techniques within these categories. Example studies, the strengths and caveats in relation to the deltaic environment are discussed for each technique. Our synthesis of the literature reveals that sub-pixel-based algorithms perform better than pixel-based ones. Machine learning techniques rank second to sub-pixel techniques although an ensemble of techniques can be used just as effectively to achieve high feature detection accuracies.\r\nWe evaluate the 7 most commonly used techniques in literature (Conventional Techniques: (1) Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), 2) Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), 3) PCA analysis, 4) Unsupervised Classification, and 5) Supervised Classification)]. Machine Learning techniques: 6) Random Forest Classifier, and 7) Support Vector Machine) on a sample of global deltas, for delta morphological feature extraction performance. Findings show the Unsupervised Classification significantly outperforms the others and is recommended as a first order feature extraction technique in previously unknown, or, data sparse deltaic territories. \r\nWe propose four pathways for future advancement in satellite remote sensing of delta morphology: 1) utilizing new high-resolution imagery and development of more efficient data mining techniques, 2) moving toward universal applicability of algorithms and their transferability across satellite platforms, 3) improvement of the availability and use of ancillary data in image processing algorithms, and 4) development of a global-scale repository of deltaic data for the sharing of scientific knowledge across regions and disciplines.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "remote sensing" }, { "word": "Change Detection" }, { "word": "Classification Techniques" }, { "word": "Delta Morphology" }, { "word": "River Deltas" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-19T23:21:24+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-22T02:22:31+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-22T02:22:31+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/x86em", "authors": [ { "pk": 222, "first_name": "Dinuke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Munasinghe", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6129, "first_name": "Sagy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7415, "first_name": "Krishna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gadiraju", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Munasinghe_Cohen_Gadiraju - Delta Morphology Change Review_Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/137/download/279/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 138, "title": "Rates of olivine grain growth during dynamic recrystallization and post-deformation annealing", "abstract": "We performed deformation and grain growth experiments on natural olivine aggregates with moderate olivine water contents (COH = 600±300 ppm H/Si) at 1000-1200°C and a confining pressure of 1400±100 MPa. Our experiments differ from published grain growth studies in that most were: 1) conducted on natural olivine cores rather than hot-pressed aggregates, and 2) dynamically recrystallized prior to or during grain growth. The active grain boundary migration processes during deformation and dynamic recrystallization affect the kinetics of post-deformation grain growth, as grain boundary migration driven by strain energy density (⍴GBM) may delay the onset of grain growth driven by interfacial energy (γGBM). We compared our post-deformation grain growth rates with data from previously published hydrostatic annealing experiments on synthetic olivine. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "dynamic recrystallization" }, { "word": "experimental" }, { "word": "grain growth" }, { "word": "olivine" }, { "word": "strain localization" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-19T22:15:36+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-23T05:32:23+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-23T05:32:23+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/mvshx", "authors": [ { "pk": 223, "first_name": "Pamela", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Speciale", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1627, "first_name": "Whitney", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Behr", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5708, "first_name": "Greg", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hirth", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8602, "first_name": "Leif", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tokle", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Mineral Physics" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Speciale_etal.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/138/download/280/" }, { "original_filename": "Speciale_etal.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/138/download/281/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://data.tdl.org", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 139, "title": "Modelling massive AIS streams with quad trees and Gaussian Mixtures", "abstract": "Pressing issues related to the movement of people and goods can be tackled today thanks to improvements in tracking and communications technology that have made it possible to collect movement data on a big scale. Maritime data from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) is one of the fast growing sources of movement data. Existing approaches for AIS data analysis suffer from scalability issues. Therefore, scalable distributed modelling and analysis approaches are needed. This paper presents a novel scalable movement data model that takes advantage of an adaptive grid based on quad trees. Our data model supports anomaly detection in massive movement data streams by combining advantages of both grid and vector-based approaches. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "data model" }, { "word": "AGILEGIS" }, { "word": "AGILE short paper" }, { "word": "AIS" }, { "word": "maritime" }, { "word": "movement data" }, { "word": "quad tree" }, { "word": "trajectories" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-19T18:38:04+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-29T18:16:45+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-29T18:16:45+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/sz34w", "authors": [ { "pk": 224, "first_name": "Anita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Graser", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6176, "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Widhalm", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Other Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "59_ShortPaper59_revised_selfarchived.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/139/download/282/" }, { "original_filename": "59_ShortPaper59_revised_overlay57b139036.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/139/download/283/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 140, "title": "Geological Facies Modeling Based on Progressive Growing of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)", "abstract": "Geological facies modeling has long been studied to predict subsurface resources. In recent years, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been used as a new method for geological facies modeling with surprisingly good results. However, in conventional GANs, all layers are trained concurrently, and the scales of the geological features are not considered. In this study, we propose to train GANs for facies modeling based on a new training process, namely progressive growing of GANs or a progressive training process. In the progressive training process, GANs are trained layer by layer, and geological features are learned from coarse scales to fine scales. We also train a GAN in the conventional training process, and compare the conventionally trained generator with the progressively trained generator based on visual inspection, multi-scale sliced Wasserstein distance (MS-SWD), multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) plot visualization, facies proportion, variogram, and channel sinuosity and width metrics. The MS-SWD reveals realism and diversity of the generated facies models, and is combined with MDS to visualize the relationship between the distributions of the generated and training facies models. The conventionally and progressively trained generators both have very good performances on all metrics. The progressively trained generator behaves especially better than the conventionally trained generator on the MS-SWD, MDS plots, and the facies proportion metrics. The training time for the progressively trained generator is much less (39.2%) than that for the conventionally trained generator. This study demonstrates the superiority of the progressive training process over the conventional one in geological facies modeling, and provides a better option for future GAN-related researches.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "machine learning" }, { "word": "GANs" }, { "word": "Generative Adversarial Networks" }, { "word": "Progressive Growing of GANs" }, { "word": "Reservoir forecast" }, { "word": "Channel facies" }, { "word": "Facies modeling" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-19T17:40:34+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-22T02:28:42+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-22T02:28:42+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ycufs", "authors": [ { "pk": 3218, "first_name": "Suihong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Song", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 12187, "first_name": "Tapan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mukerji", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7101, "first_name": "Jiagen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hou", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" }, { "name": "Stratigraphy" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "UncondProGAN_CG-submit paper_0618_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/140/download/284/" }, { "original_filename": "UncondProGAN_CG-submit paper_0618_EarthArXiv.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/140/download/285/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/SuihongSong/GeoModeling_Unconditional_ProGAN", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 141, "title": "An Ethical Decision-Making Framework with Serious Gaming: Smart Water Case Study on Flooding", "abstract": "Sensors and control technologies are being deployed extensively in both urban water networks and rural river systems, leading to unprecedented ability to sense and control our water environment. Because these sensor networks and control systems allow for higher resolution monitoring and decision making in both time and space, greater discretization of control will allow for an unprecedented precision of impacts, both positive and negative. Likewise, due to growth in system complexity, humans will continue to cede direct decision-making powers to decision-support technologies such as data algorithms. Systems will have ever-greater potential to effect human lives and yet humans will be insulated from direct decisions. Combined, these trends present a challenge for water resources management decision support tools to incorporate concepts ethical and normative expectations. Towards this end, we propose the Water Ethics Web Engine, (WE)2, an integrated and generalized web framework to incorporate voting-based ethical and normative preferences into water resources decision-support schemes. We then demonstrate the framework with a proof-of-concept use case where decision models are learned and deployed to respond to flooding scenarios. Results indicate the framework can capture group “wisdom” in learned models and use this to make decisions. We share our generalized framework and its cyber components openly with the research community.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "flooding" }, { "word": "decision support" }, { "word": "Ethics" }, { "word": "Human-Centered AI" }, { "word": "Smart Water Systems" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-19T17:07:01+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-23T05:31:52+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-23T05:31:52+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2021.097", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/y873g", "authors": [ { "pk": 1556, "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "James", "last_name": "Ewing", "salutation": "Mr", "orcid": "0000-0002-0106-7712" }, { "pk": 3764, "first_name": "Ibrahim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demir", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" }, { "name": "Civil and Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Civil Engineering" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Databases and Information Systems" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Engineering Education" }, { "name": "Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Hydraulic Engineering" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Theory and Algorithms" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "SmartWaterEthics_Preprint_v1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/141/download/286/" }, { "original_filename": "SmartWaterEthics_Final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/141/download/287/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 143, "title": "Nonlinear stochastic dissipation in turbulent geophysical flows", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to further investigate the assumption that geophysical flows can be described and simulated by direct sampling from a dynamically constrained probability distribution, with a reversible formulation of dissipation. This is done by making the probability of the flow decrease with the deviation of entropy with respect to local equilibrium, and by assuming that this deviation can be computed from the local structure of the macroscopic flow. It is shown that this formalism can reproduce a wide variety of linear dissipation behaviours by adjusting appropriately the spectrum of the stochastic fluctuations in the macroscopic flow, and that it can be easily extended to include nonlinear dissipation in the probability distribution. This reversible, stochastic and nonlinear formulation of dissipation is then applied to the simulation of turbulent geophysical flows, using the lowest-order nonlinear term, with constant parameters. Results obtained for the turbulent boundary layer (in canal flows) show that the main observed characteristics of the flow can be quite faithfully reproduced. In particular, far enough from the boundary conditions, the universal logarithmic velocity profile is an analytic solution of the governing equation, and the behaviour of the friction coefficient as a function of the Reynolds number is correctly simulated by this single model, across the viscous and turbulent regimes. Unlike linear dissipation, the nonlinear dissipation term is specific to the reversible formulation of the problem, and has no equivalent as a forward-in-time diffusion equation. On the other hand, results obtained with a shallow-water model suggest that the same approach can be applied to more complex flows, and that it might become applicable to produce a probabilistic forecast of geophysical flows. More generally, this study suggests that it is possible to construct a reversible probabilistic dynamics that connects observations across time, at a macroscopic level, without explicitly resolving the finest structures of the system.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-18T23:32:10+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-19T13:39:38+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-19T13:39:38+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/jpg85", "authors": [ { "pk": 28695, "first_name": "Jean-Michel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Brankart", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Fluid Dynamics" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Physics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "paper_arxiv_small.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/143/download/290/" }, { "original_filename": "paper_arxiv_small.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/143/download/11833/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900186", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900191", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 144, "title": "Sampling geophysical flows from a dynamically constrained probability distribution", "abstract": "The purpose of this study is to further investigate the problem of explicitly simulating uncertainties in geophysical models. Rather than introducing stochastic processes in forward-in-time partial differential equations, this is done here by reformulating the dynamical equations governing the time evolution of the flow as a probability distribution. Flows can then be drawn directly from the probability distribution using an efficient sampler. This approach is illustrated in the paper with the example of a two-dimensional shallow-water flow on the surface of a rotating sphere. With the sampler, the simulated flows evolve smoothly in time according to the advection constraint, while time-dependent stochastic fluctuations are produced according to the probability distribution describing the effect of the unresolved motions. This can be done without closing the dynamical equations, with constraints applied only to what is known, and using a larger time step, since there is no more numerical stability condition to verify. From a physical point of view, this probabilistic reformulation introduces two main differences with respect to forward-in-time partial differential equations. First, dissipation can only behave symmetrically with respect to the reversal of time. It is shown however that the formulation can be made equivalent to the classic diffusion equation in the particular case of an initial condition problem. Second, in this framework, information about the past of the system does not need to be provided in the form of a complete initial condition at a given time. A constraint on the past of the system can here be directly applied using a history of incomplete and imperfect observations, thus resolving the inverse and direct problems together at a similar numerical cost.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Scientists don’t just communicate results; they also develop relationships with collaborators and mentors, and identify job and funding opportunities. Giving a talk confers recognition and prestige, particularly for students and early-career researchers. Despite historical inequities, women are now presenting more at conferences and colloquia. These gains are especially visible at conferences that are organized by women or that specifically support early-career participants. We found that US scientists from minority racial and ethnic populations already under-represented in science had relatively fewer speaking opportunities at a key scientific conference over a four-year period than their proportion in the sample would predict; the imbalance was most severe for women. 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Intra-Messinian reflectivity reveals lithological heterogeneity within the otherwise halite-dominated sequence. This leads to rheological heterogeneity, with the different mechanical properties of the various units controlling strain accommodation within the deforming salt sheet. We assess the distribution and orientation of structures, and show how intrasalt strain varies both laterally and vertically along the margin. We argue that units appearing weakly strained in seismic data, may in fact accommodate considerable sub-seismic or cryptic strain. We also argue that the intrasalt stress state varies through time and space in response to the gravitational forces driving deformation. We conclude that efficient drilling through thick, heterogeneous salt requires a holistic understanding of the mechanical and kinematic development of the salt and its overburden. This will also enable us to build better velocity models that account for intrasalt lithological and structural complexity in order to accurately image sub-salt geological structures.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "salt tectonics" }, { "word": "Levant margin" }, { "word": "Messinian salinity crisis" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-18T13:25:58+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T13:56:34+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T13:56:34+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/8pkbz", "authors": [ { "pk": 4233, "first_name": "Sian", "middle_name": "Lianne", "last_name": "Evans", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0003-1083-0019" }, { "pk": 1573, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "Aiden-Lee", "last_name": "Jackson", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8592-9032" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Intrasalt Strain_SEvans_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/146/download/293/" }, { "original_filename": "Intrasalt Strain_SEvans_REVISED_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/146/download/4780/" }, { "original_filename": "Intrasalt Strain_SEvans_REVISED_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/146/download/4900/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 147, "title": "Antarctic Ice Shelves Lose Most of Their Mass From Shallow Depths", "abstract": "Understanding the processes involved in basal melting of Antarctic ice shelves is important to quantify the rate at which Antarctica will lose mass. Current research of of ice shelf-ocean interaction is almost exclusively guided by satellite derived estimates of Antarctic-wide ice shelf melting, which highlight deep warm water intrusions and melting along ice shelf grounding lines. Here we analyse an estimate of Antarctic ice shelf melting derived from state-of-the-art ocean modelling. The model suggest that 79 % (954 Gt/yr) of the total mass loss comes from ice shallower than 400 m deep. Melting at depths shallower than 200 m contributes 33 % (399 Gt/yr) of the total mass loss and triples in summer, when solar heated surface waters advect under the ice. Thus, research should not just focus on deep warm water intrusions, but also the processes that control surface water advection and melting at shallow depths.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Antarctica" }, { "word": "basal melting" }, { "word": "ice shelf" }, { "word": "mass loss" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-18T12:32:53+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:34:53+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:34:53+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/stcqg", "authors": [ { "pk": 209, "first_name": "Ole", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Richter", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6277, "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "K.", "last_name": "Galton-Fenzi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 210, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gwyther", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 230, "first_name": "Kaitlin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Naughten", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 12212, "first_name": "Matt", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "King", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Glaciology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "earthArXiv_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/147/download/294/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/eg29n", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://data.utas.edu.au/metadata/ee816dd3-379a-489a-b78f-3dc1b16e0bef", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 149, "title": "A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning Applications in Hydrology and Water Resources", "abstract": "The global volume of digital data is expected to reach 175 zettabytes by 2025. The volume, variety, and velocity of water-related data are increasing due to large-scale sensor networks and increased attention to topics such as disaster response, water resources management, and climate change. Combined with the growing availability of computational resources and popularity of deep learning, these data are transformed into actionable and practical knowledge, revolutionizing the water industry. In this article, a systematic review of literature is conducted to identify existing research which incorporates deep learning methods in the water sector, with regard to monitoring, management, governance and communication of water resources. The study provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art deep learning approaches used in the water industry for generation, prediction, enhancement, and classification tasks, and serves as a guide for how to utilize available deep learning methods for future water resources challenges. Key issues and challenges in the application of these techniques in the water domain are discussed, including the ethics of these technologies for decision-making in water resources management and governance. Finally, we provide recommendations and future directions for the application of deep learning models in hydrology and water resources.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Deep learning" }, { "word": "water resources" }, { "word": "hydrology" }, { "word": "hydroinformatics" }, { "word": "review" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-17T18:59:31+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-19T09:29:30+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-19T09:29:30+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/xs36g", "authors": [ { "pk": 3939, "first_name": "Muhammed", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sit", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-2707-6692" }, { "pk": 12700, "first_name": "Bekir Zahit", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demiray", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4089, "first_name": "Zhongrun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xiang", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1556, "first_name": "Gregory", "middle_name": "James", "last_name": "Ewing", "salutation": "Mr", "orcid": "0000-0002-0106-7712" }, { "pk": 3903, "first_name": "Yusuf", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sermet", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3764, "first_name": "Ibrahim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Demir", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Civil and Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Computer Engineering" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Environmental Engineering" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Deep_Learning_Review_Final_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/149/download/296/" }, { "original_filename": "Deep_Learning_Review_Final_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/149/download/297/" }, { "original_filename": "Deep_Learning_Review_Final_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/149/download/298/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 150, "title": "Tropical cyclone response to anthropogenic warming as simulated by a mesoscale-resolving global coupled earth system model", "abstract": "Tropical cyclones (TCs) are extreme storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. Along their track TCs can mix up cold water which can further impact their development. Due to the adoption of lower ocean model resolutions, previous modeling studies on the TC response to greenhouse warming underestimate such oceanic feedbacks. To address the robustness of TC projections in the presence of mesoscale air-sea interactions, we conduct century-long present-day, CO2 doubling and quadrupling experiments using the Community-Earth-System-Model 1.2.2 with ~25 km atmosphere and ~10 km ocean resolution. In these experiments an overall projected weakening of the rising branch of the Hadley Cells suppresses TC formation in the main genesis regions which weakens the TC-generated ocean cooling. Consistent with lower-resolution coupled modeling studies we find a reduction in global TC frequencies, a poleward shift of fast-moving extratropical TCs and an upsurge in precipitation rates and the intensity of landfalling events.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-17T11:02:09+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-19T13:41:28+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-19T13:41:28+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/dbsj2", "authors": [ { "pk": 234, "first_name": "Axel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Timmermann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6355, "first_name": "Jung-Eun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6470, "first_name": "Sun-Seon", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8758, "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wengel", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9645, "first_name": "Malte", "middle_name": "F.", "last_name": "Stuecker", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10298, "first_name": "Ryohei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yamaguchi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "TC_ICCPfinalMainandSI_preprint_nofieldcodes.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/150/download/299/" }, { "original_filename": "TC_axelfinal_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/150/download/300/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 151, "title": "A First Constraint on Basal Melt-water Production of the Greenland Ice Sheet", "abstract": "The Greenland ice sheet is one of the largest sources of sea-level rise since the early 2000s. Basal melt has not been included explicitly in assessments of ice-sheet mass loss so far. Here, we present the first full-coverage estimate of the ice-sheet wide basal melt in Greenland and its recent change through time. We find that presently basal melting contributes at least 22.3 +5/-3 Gt per year to the total mass loss, and we estimate that basal melting has increased by at least 2.3 +/-0.8 Gt (or 12%) since 2000. The basal melt discharge from Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Isbræ) has increased by 24 % in the same period. As the Arctic warms, basal melt will likely continue to increase thus aggravating current mass loss trends, enhancing solid ice discharge and modifying fjord circulation.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Glaciology" }, { "word": "Greenland" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-16T13:43:36+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:15:04+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:15:04+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23739-z", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/rjt4v", "authors": [ { "pk": 3694, "first_name": "Nanna", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Karlsson", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6386, "first_name": "Anne", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Solgaard", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7635, "first_name": "Kenneth", "middle_name": "D.", "last_name": "Mankoff", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8777, "first_name": "Jason", "middle_name": "E", "last_name": "Box", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9657, "first_name": "Michele", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Citterio", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10313, "first_name": "William", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "Colgan", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10758, "first_name": "Signe", "middle_name": "H.", "last_name": "Larsen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 12848, "first_name": "Kristian", "middle_name": "Kjellerup", "last_name": "Kjeldsen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11298, "first_name": "Niels", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Korsgaard", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11462, "first_name": "Douglas", "middle_name": "I.", "last_name": "Benn", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Glaciology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Karlssonetal2020_review_Watermark_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/151/download/301/" }, { "original_filename": "Karlssonetal2020_review_Watermark2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/151/download/302/" }, { "original_filename": "Karlssonetal_BasalMelt_watermark.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/151/download/4121/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 152, "title": "The 3D thermal field across the Alpine orogen and its forelands and the relation to seismicity", "abstract": "Temperature exerts a first order control on rock strength, principally via thermally activated creep deformation and on the distribution at depth of the brittle-ductile transition zone. The latter can be regarded as the lower bound to the seismogenic zone, thereby controlling the spatial distribution of seismicity within a lithospheric plate. As such, models of the crustal thermal field are important to understand the localisation of seismicity. Here we relate results from 3D simulations of the steady state thermal field of the Alpine orogen and its forelands to the distribution of seismicity in this seismically active area of Central Europe. The model takes into account how the crustal heterogeneity of the region effects thermal properties and is validated with a dataset of wellbore temperatures. We find that the Adriatic crust appears more mafic, through its radiogenic heat values (1.30E-06 W/m3) and maximum temperature of seismicity (600 °C), than the European crust (1.3-2.6E-06 W/m3 and 450 °C). We also show that at depths of <10 km the thermal field is largely controlled by sedimentary blanketing or topographic effects, whilst the deeper temperature field is primarily controlled by the LAB topology and the distribution and parameterization of radiogenic heat sources within the upper crust.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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Leakage of this greenhouse gas is important because it affects groundwater quality and, when emitted to the atmosphere, climate. We hypothesized that streams might be most contaminated by CH4 in the northern Appalachian Basin in regions with the longest history of hydrocarbon extraction activities. To test this, we searched for CH4-contaminated streams Basin. Methane concentrations ([CH4]) for 529 stream sites are reported, in New York, West Virginia and mostly Pennsylvania. Despite targeting contaminated areas, the median [CH4], 1.1 µg/L, was lower than a recently identified threshold indicating potential contamination, 4.0 µg/L. [CH4] values were higher in a few streams because they receive high-[CH4] groundwaters, often from upwelling seeps. By analogy to the more commonly observed type of groundwater seep known as abandoned mine drainage (AMD), we introduce the term, “gas leak discharge” (GLD) for these waters where they are not associated with coal mines. GLD and AMD, observed in all parts of the study area, are both CH4-rich. Surprisingly, the region of oldest and most productive oil / gas development did not show the highest median for stream [CH4]. Instead, the median was statistically highest where dense coal mining was accompanied by conventional and unconventional oil and gas development, emphasizing the importance of CH4 contamination from coal mines into streams.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Natural gas" }, { "word": "methane" }, { "word": "coal" }, { "word": "shale gas" }, { "word": "water quality" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-15T23:32:53+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:09:25+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:09:25+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140105", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/qka7d", "authors": [ { "pk": 5551, "first_name": "Josh", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Woda", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1757, "first_name": "Tao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wen", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-6113-7532" }, { "pk": 7704, "first_name": "Jacob", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lemon", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8837, "first_name": "Virginia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marcon", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9695, "first_name": "Charles", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Keeports", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10346, "first_name": "Fred", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zelt", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10782, "first_name": "Luanne", "middle_name": "Y.", "last_name": "Steffy", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5491, "first_name": "Susan", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Brantley", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Geochemistry" }, { "name": "Oil, Gas, and Energy" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Water Resource Management" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "GLD Main Text.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/153/download/306/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/h2eyw", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "http://doi.org/10.4211/his-data-shalenetwork", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 10317, "title": "Rapid increase of climate extremes across northern Amazonia", "abstract": "Amazonia’s exceptional biodiversity, cultural significance, and ecosystem services make it pivotal to global and regional sustainability. However, the region is increasingly threatened by climate extremes, which exacerbate the effects of land use change (Barlow et al., 2018) and bring about abrupt changes in social and ecological condition (Bennett et al., 2023; Berenguer et al., 2021; Campanharo et al., 2022; Lapola et al., 2023; Libonati et al., 2022; Lima et al., 2024; Machado-Silva et al., 2020; Tadano et al., 2024). Yet, while climate extremes are increasing in many parts of the world (Huntingford et al., 2024), we lack a high-resolution Amazon-wide assessment that compares if they differ from climate averages or identifies spatial hotspots where rates of change are highest. Here we address this by assessing Amazonia’s changing climate at high spatial resolution within seasons and across the year, considering both central trends (50th percentile) and trends of extremes (5th and 95th percentiles). Our analysis includes a new measure of water deficit that accounts for the effects of temperature on evapotranspiration. High temperature extremes and temperature-linked measures of water deficit are both changing at a much faster rate than central trends, and their rates of change are greatest in the driest period. While the central trend of mean temperature change across Amazonia (0.21°C per decade, dec-1) is comparable to the global average, the upper extreme of maximum temperatures in the driest period increased by 0.50°C dec-1. These Amazon-wide trends also mask considerable spatial variation. Crucially, we identify a new region of high climate risk in central-north Amazonia, where over 700,000 square kilometres have experienced increases in extreme dry season temperatures of at least 0.77 °C dec-1 (i.e., ≥3.31 ºC over 43 years). Adaptation measures are urgently required to address the impacts of these rapid changes in climate extremes, including preventing the key stressors of deforestation, forest fires and other disturbances that amplify climate risks.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Amazon Basin" }, { "word": "temperature" }, { "word": "Water deficit" }, { "word": "climate change" } ], "date_submitted": "2025-09-24T17:33:58.204000+02:00", "date_accepted": "2025-10-02T05:18:27.020000+02:00", "date_published": "2025-10-02T05:18:00+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/X5SQ96", "authors": [ { "pk": 120470, "first_name": "Jos", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barlow", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120804, "first_name": "Nathalia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Carvalho", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120780, "first_name": "Cássio", "middle_name": "Alencar", "last_name": "Nunes", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120805, "first_name": "Ana Paula", "middle_name": "Dutra", "last_name": "de Aguiar", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 16243, "first_name": "Ane", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Alencar", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120806, "first_name": "Liana", "middle_name": "O.", "last_name": "Anderson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120807, "first_name": "Luiz", "middle_name": "Eduardo Oliveira e Cruz", "last_name": "de Aragão", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120779, "first_name": "Fabricio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baccaro", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120785, "first_name": "Mike", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Barrett", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7600, "first_name": "Erika", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Berenguer", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120795, "first_name": "Kristian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bodolai", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120796, "first_name": "Paulo", "middle_name": "Monteiro", "last_name": "Brando", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120793, "first_name": "Thiago", "middle_name": "B A", "last_name": "Couto", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120771, "first_name": "Tomas", "middle_name": "Ferreira", "last_name": "Domingues", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10291, "first_name": "Fernando", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Elias", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120787, "first_name": "Ted", "middle_name": "R.", "last_name": "Feldpausch", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120798, "first_name": "Igor", "middle_name": "José Malfetoni", "last_name": "Ferreira", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120809, "first_name": "Joice", "middle_name": "N.", "last_name": "Ferreira", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120486, "first_name": "Bernardo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Flores", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120797, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Galbraith", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120782, "first_name": "Toby", "middle_name": "Alan", "last_name": "Gardner", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120781, "first_name": "Emanuel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gloor", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120802, "first_name": "Marina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hirota", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120810, "first_name": "Val", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kapos", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120786, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Lapola", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 29544, "first_name": "Cecília", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Leal", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120790, "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Lees", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120803, "first_name": "Bel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lyon", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120811, "first_name": "Marcia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Macedo", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 21253, "first_name": "Yadvinder", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Malhi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120812, "first_name": "Ben Hur", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Marimon Junior", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120813, "first_name": "Beatriz", "middle_name": "Schwantes", "last_name": "Marimon", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120788, "first_name": "Patrick", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meir", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120792, "first_name": "Lina", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Mercado", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120800, "first_name": "Oliver", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Metcalf", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120784, "first_name": "Leonardo", "middle_name": "De Sousa", "last_name": "Miranda", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120776, "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mitchard", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120778, "first_name": "Douglas", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Morton", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120791, "first_name": "Jeanne", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Nel", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120773, "first_name": "Rafael", "middle_name": "Silva", "last_name": "Oliveira", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 94136, "first_name": "Oliver", "middle_name": "L.", "last_name": "Phillips", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120777, "first_name": "Lucy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rowland", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120799, "first_name": "Juliana", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schietti", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120814, "first_name": "Camila", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Silva", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120815, "first_name": "Celso", "middle_name": "H. L.", "last_name": "Silva-Junior", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120783, "first_name": "Patrícia", "middle_name": "S.", "last_name": "silva", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120853, "first_name": "Juliana", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Silveira", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120775, "first_name": "Divino", "middle_name": "Vicente", "last_name": "Silverio", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120789, "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Sitch", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120794, "first_name": "Paulo", "middle_name": "Amador", "last_name": "Tavares", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120816, "first_name": "Cristina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Telhado", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120774, "first_name": "Ima", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Vieira", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 120801, "first_name": "Helga", "middle_name": "Correa", "last_name": "Wiederhecker", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Barlow et al 2025_submitted EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/10317/download/19071/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 155, "title": "Tectonic-Sedimentary Interplay of a Multi-Sourced, Structurally-Confined Turbidite System in a Foreland Basin Setting: The Pennsylvanian Lower Atoka Formation, Ouachita Mountains, USA", "abstract": "Submarine fans deposited in structurally complex settings record important information on basin evolution and tectonic-sedimentary relationships but are often poorly preserved in outcrops due to post-depositional deformation. This study integrates both new field data as well as data compiled from literature to demonstrate the spatial facies variability of the deep-water lower Atoka formation (Lower Pennsylvanian) that occupies a structurally complex early foreland-basin setting. The lower Atoka outcrops in the Ouachita Mountains and the southern Arkoma Basin in the USA are divided into three structural-depositional zones: foredeep, wedge-top, and foreland. Although the mean paleoflow is axial, each zone exhibits unique patterns in facies distribution. The foredeep consists of a large westward-prograding fan and a small eastward-prograding fan on the western part and exhibits significant longitudinal and lateral facies changes. The wedge-top consists of a westward-prograding fan and exhibits subtle longitudinal facies change. The foreland consists of small slope channel and fan systems along the northern and western margins. We interpret the characteristics of facies distributions in the three zones as the result of different combinations of lateral structural-topographic confinement, sediment supply, and paleogeographic locations. This study provides an improved understanding of the lower Atoka deepwater system and has implications for the tectonic-sedimentation relationship on the southern Laurentia continental margin during the Ouachita Orogeny.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. 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In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "confinement" }, { "word": "foreland basin" }, { "word": "lower Atoka" }, { "word": "Ouachita Mountains" }, { "word": "submarine fan" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-15T21:01:04+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-19T09:26:44+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-19T09:26:44+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/gah7f", "authors": [ { "pk": 241, "first_name": "Pengfei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hou", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 242, "first_name": "Leslie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wood", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 243, "first_name": "Zane", "middle_name": "Richards", "last_name": "Jobe", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" }, { "name": "Stratigraphy" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Hou et al_2020_OSF_preprint_LowerAtoka.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/155/download/308/" }, { "original_filename": "Hou et al_2020_OSF_preprint_LowerAtoka.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/155/download/309/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/egn6j", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://mega.nz/file/PiZlnaLT#YrABevxeinj8LMXEPrmU58WAjj-JtWgLnDd_Jyc2_wo", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 156, "title": "Turbulent flow effects in a slickwater fracture propagation in permeable rock", "abstract": "This work is devoted to an analysis of the near-tip region of a hydraulic fracture driven by slickwater in a permeable saturated rock. We consider a steady-state problem of a semi-infinite fracture propagating with constant velocity. The host rock is elastic and homogeneous, and fracture propagates according to linear elastic fracture mechanics. The fluid exchange between the fracture and reservoir is governed by Carters law. The distinguishing feature of the model is an account for the transition of the flow regime inside the crack channel from laminar to turbulent moving away from the fracture front. The main objective is to analyse the influence of the leak-off process on the laminar-to-turbulent transition and, thus, potential prominence of turbulent flow effects. Hydraulic fracturing fluid is water with polymeric additives (slickwater). These additives reduce viscous friction resulting in the decrease of energy consumption required for pumping. Compared to water, the slickwater exhibits significantly delayed transition to the turbulent regime described by the maximum drag reduction asymptote (Virk, 1975). The system of governing equations, which consists of elasticity equation, propagation condition, the continuity equation for viscous incompressible Newtonian fluid, and Poiseuilles law modified for the turbulent flow regime, is solved for the fracture aperture and fluid pressure along the fracture as a function of problem parameters. We find out that the leak-off process enhances the turbulent flow effects by shifting the transition between laminar and turbulent flow regimes closer to the fracture front, as compared to the zero-leak-off case (Lecampion & Zia, 2019), resulting in a broader region of the fracture hosting turbulent flow. Consequently, in the permeable reservoir case, the transition to turbulent flow can be realised at a distance from the front smaller than the typical field hydraulic fracture size (10 - 100 meters). We compare the fracture width profiles with the impermeable rock case and reveal that the fracture volume increases when leak-off occurs. We analyse the problem parametric space where five limiting regimes are identified: toughness, laminar-viscosity and -leak-off, turbulent-viscosity and -leak-off. We derive analytical expressions for the fracture width and pressure profiles in the turbulent-leak-off regime while others have been established previously. By comparing the limiting solutions with the general numerical solution, we can define their applicability domains and corresponding solution regime maps. The toughness and turbulent-viscosity regimes approximate the general solution in the near- and far-fields, while the other three limiting cases can emerge in the intermediate field.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:\r\n\r\na) to reproduce the Original Work in copies, either alone or as part of a collective work;\r\n\r\nb) to translate, adapt, alter, transform, modify, or arrange the Original Work, thereby creating derivative works (\"Derivative Works\") based upon the Original Work;\r\n\r\nc) to distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public, under any license of your choice that does not contradict the terms and conditions, including Licensor's reserved rights and remedies, in this Academic Free License;\r\n\r\nd) to perform the Original Work publicly; and\r\n\r\ne) to display the Original Work publicly.\r\n\r\n2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, for the duration of the patents, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and import the Original Work and Derivative Works.\r\n\r\n3) Grant of Source Code License. The term \"Source Code\" means the preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and all available documentation describing how to modify the Original Work. Licensor agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original Work that Licensor distributes. Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a machine-readable copy of the Source Code in an information repository reasonably calculated to permit inexpensive and convenient access by You for as long as Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work.\r\n\r\n4) Exclusions From License Grant. Neither the names of Licensor, nor the names of any contributors to the Original Work, nor any of their trademarks or service marks, may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this Original Work without express prior permission of the Licensor. Except as expressly stated herein, nothing in this License grants any license to Licensor's trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any other intellectual property. No patent license is granted to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, or import embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims defined in Section 2. No license is granted to the trademarks of Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from licensing under terms different from this License any Original Work that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license.\r\n\r\n5) External Deployment. The term \"External Deployment\" means the use, distribution, or communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original Work or Derivative Works may be used by anyone other than You, whether those works are distributed or communicated to those persons or made available as an application intended for use over a network. As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a distribution under section 1(c).\r\n\r\n6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an \"Attribution Notice.\" You must cause the Source Code for any Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have modified the Original Work.\r\n\r\n7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. Except as expressly stated in the immediately preceding sentence, the Original Work is provided under this License on an \"AS IS\" BASIS and WITHOUT WARRANTY, either express or implied, including, without limitation, the warranties of non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL WORK IS WITH YOU. This DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential part of this License. No license to the Original Work is granted by this License except under this disclaimer.\r\n\r\n8) Limitation of Liability. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including \"fair use\" or \"fair dealing\"). This License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).\r\n\r\n10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "fracture propagation" }, { "word": "friction factor" }, { "word": "hydraulic fracture" }, { "word": "laminar flow" }, { "word": "lubrication theory" }, { "word": "maximum drag reduction" }, { "word": "permeable rock" }, { "word": "slickwater" }, { "word": "turbulent flow" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-14T23:58:44+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:55:03+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:55:03+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/bq2t6", "authors": [ { "pk": 5509, "first_name": "Evgenii", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kanin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1762, "first_name": "Dmitry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garagash", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7808, "first_name": "Andrei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Osiptsov", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0001-5389-4405" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Oil, Gas, and Energy" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Volcanology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Kanin_Garagash_Osiptsov_Turbulent flow effects in a slickwater fracture.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/156/download/310/" }, { "original_filename": "Kanin_Garagash_Osiptsov_Turbulent flow effects in a slickwater fracture.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/156/download/311/" }, { "original_filename": "Kanin_Garagash_Osiptsov_Turbulent flow effects in a slickwater fracture.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/156/download/312/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 157, "title": "Potential environmental hazard due to tailings dam failure in Minnesota iron range and safety concern of the Dams in the US", "abstract": "An ongoing debate centered around mining operations and tailings dam usage near the Minnesota mining range led to an investigation of potential environmental hazards near the cities of Hoyt Lakes and Embarrass. Topographic data from Satellite observations made available by USGS and HEC-RAS developed by US Engineer Corp are used to simulate the extent of mud flow from a hypothetical tailings dam break at the proposed mining site. Simulation results indicate significant flooding and pollution in the city of Embarrass, the lakes near The Legend at Giants Ridge, and the Embarrass River flowing southwest. Parts of the mud flow can also reach the area northwest of Lost Lake. Recent dam breaks in Michigan prompted a survey of the dams across the entire US in connection with annual average precipitation and number of Earthquake statistics per State. The States with high precipitation and Earthquake events are especially vulnerable for dam breaches since precipitation and seismic activities are major causes of dam breach events. In conclusion, Dam breaches is a serious threat to the US water system, especially as the dams are aging and lack appropriate levels of maintenance. Finally we discuss additional work using different modes of failure and dam breach parameters that may affect the downstream flooding patterns simulated.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:\r\n\r\na) to reproduce the Original Work in copies, either alone or as part of a collective work;\r\n\r\nb) to translate, adapt, alter, transform, modify, or arrange the Original Work, thereby creating derivative works (\"Derivative Works\") based upon the Original Work;\r\n\r\nc) to distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public, under any license of your choice that does not contradict the terms and conditions, including Licensor's reserved rights and remedies, in this Academic Free License;\r\n\r\nd) to perform the Original Work publicly; and\r\n\r\ne) to display the Original Work publicly.\r\n\r\n2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, for the duration of the patents, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and import the Original Work and Derivative Works.\r\n\r\n3) Grant of Source Code License. The term \"Source Code\" means the preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and all available documentation describing how to modify the Original Work. Licensor agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original Work that Licensor distributes. Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a machine-readable copy of the Source Code in an information repository reasonably calculated to permit inexpensive and convenient access by You for as long as Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work.\r\n\r\n4) Exclusions From License Grant. Neither the names of Licensor, nor the names of any contributors to the Original Work, nor any of their trademarks or service marks, may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this Original Work without express prior permission of the Licensor. Except as expressly stated herein, nothing in this License grants any license to Licensor's trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any other intellectual property. No patent license is granted to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, or import embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims defined in Section 2. No license is granted to the trademarks of Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from licensing under terms different from this License any Original Work that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license.\r\n\r\n5) External Deployment. The term \"External Deployment\" means the use, distribution, or communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original Work or Derivative Works may be used by anyone other than You, whether those works are distributed or communicated to those persons or made available as an application intended for use over a network. As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a distribution under section 1(c).\r\n\r\n6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an \"Attribution Notice.\" You must cause the Source Code for any Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have modified the Original Work.\r\n\r\n7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. Except as expressly stated in the immediately preceding sentence, the Original Work is provided under this License on an \"AS IS\" BASIS and WITHOUT WARRANTY, either express or implied, including, without limitation, the warranties of non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL WORK IS WITH YOU. This DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential part of this License. No license to the Original Work is granted by this License except under this disclaimer.\r\n\r\n8) Limitation of Liability. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including \"fair use\" or \"fair dealing\"). This License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).\r\n\r\n10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "survey" }, { "word": "earthquake" }, { "word": "Dam Break" }, { "word": "HEC RAS" }, { "word": "Minnesota mining range" }, { "word": "Precipitation" }, { "word": "tailings dam" }, { "word": "USGS" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-13T17:28:52+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-19T15:34:12+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-19T15:34:12+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/qbrkg", "authors": [ { "pk": 245, "first_name": "Clara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lee", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4874, "first_name": "Fei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Liu", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Water Resource Management" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Minnesota.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/157/download/313/" }, { "original_filename": "Minnesota.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/157/download/314/" }, { "original_filename": "Minnesota.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/157/download/315/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://usgs.gov", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://epsg.io/", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://nid.sec.usace.army.mil/ords/f?p=105:1::::::", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://www.currentresults.com/Weather/US/average-annual-state-precipitation.php", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/natural-hazards/earthquake-hazards/lists-maps-and-statistics", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://viewer.nationalmap.gov/basic/", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 158, "title": "Increased air pollution exposure among the Chinese population during the national quarantine in 2020", "abstract": "The COVID-19 quarantine in China is thought to have been beneficial for reducing the population exposure to ambient air pollution. The overall exposure also depends, however, on indoor air quality and human mobility and activities, which also changed during the pandemic. Here we integrate real-time mobility data, questionnaire survey on during-pandemic human activity patterns, advanced air quality modeling techniques, and an indoor exposure model. We first show a decrease of 16.7 μg∙m-3 in the national average population-weighted ambient PM2.5 during the quarantine (i.e., the one month following the start of the Spring Festival holiday). The total population-weighted exposure (PWE) to PM2.5 considering both indoor and outdoor environments, however, increased by 5.7 μg∙m-3. The increase in PWE was mainly due to the nationwide population migration from urban to rural areas before the Spring Festival coupled with the freezing of the migration backward due to the quarantine (+10.8 μg∙m-3), which increased household energy consumption and the fraction of people exposed to rural household air pollution (HAP) indoors. The changes in PWE due to the quarantine were -14.0 and +19.2 ug∙m-3 among urban and rural populations, respectively, and ranged from -9.1 ug∙m-3 in the provinces with the highest per-capita income to 7.1 ug∙m-3 in the provinces with the lowest. HAP contributed 82% of PWE during this period, which was likely more severe than any period in recent years. Our analysis reveals an increased inequality of air pollution exposure during the COVID-19 quarantine and highlights the importance of HAP for population health in China.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Air pollution exposure" }, { "word": "COVID-19 quarantine" }, { "word": "Household air pollution" }, { "word": "Population migration" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-13T04:24:50+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-15T19:21:53+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-15T19:21:53+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-01018-z", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/6d9rn", "authors": [ { "pk": 247, "first_name": "Huizhong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 248, "first_name": "Guofeng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "SHEN", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 249, "first_name": "Yilin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 250, "first_name": "Armistead", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Russell", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9749, "first_name": "Yongtao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 251, "first_name": "Xiaoli", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duan", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 252, "first_name": "Wenjun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Meng", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 253, "first_name": "Yang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Xu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 254, "first_name": "Xiao", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yun", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 255, "first_name": "Baolei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lyu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Health and Protection" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Studies" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/158/download/316/" }, { "original_filename": "maintext.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/158/download/317/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/x46tb", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://osf.io/x46tb/", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 159, "title": "Storm surge, not wind, caused mangrove dieback in southwest Florida following Hurricane Irma", "abstract": "Mangroves buffer inland ecosystems from hurricane winds and storm surge. However, their ability to withstand harsh cyclone conditions depends on plant traits and geomorphology. Using airborne lidar and satellite imagery collected before and after Hurricane Irma, we estimated that 62% of mangroves in southwest Florida suffered canopy damage, with largest impacts in tall forests (>10 m). Mangroves on well-drained sites (83%) flushed new leaves within one year after the storm. In poorly-drained sites, Irma triggered one of the largest mangrove diebacks ever recorded (10,760 ha), primarily affecting low elevation and interior mangrove areas dominated or co-dominated by A. germinans (73%). Our results show storm surge and ponding caused dieback, not wind. Identifying and monitoring vulnerable, low-lying coastal areas is essential to mitigate mangrove dieback from future storms.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "remote sensing" }, { "word": "Hurricane" }, { "word": "forest" }, { "word": "LiDAR" }, { "word": "Storm surge" }, { "word": "canopy height" }, { "word": "forest degradation" }, { "word": "mangrove" }, { "word": "resilience" }, { "word": "tropical cyclone" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-12T19:43:02+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-07-01T21:01:20+02:00", "date_published": "2020-07-01T21:01:20+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24253-y", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/q4exh", "authors": [ { "pk": 12257, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lagomasino", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 14313, "first_name": "Lola", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fatoyinbo", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7831, "first_name": "Edward", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Castaneda", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8945, "first_name": "Bruce", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cook", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9781, "first_name": "Paul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Montesano", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10395, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Neigh", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10824, "first_name": "Lawrence", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Corp", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11125, "first_name": "Lesley", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ott", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11340, "first_name": "Selena", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chavez", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11488, "first_name": "Douglas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Morton", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Other Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Hurricane_Irma_MS_submit_prePrint_v0.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/159/download/318/" }, { "original_filename": "Hurricane_Irma_MS_submit_prePrint_v0.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/159/download/319/" }, { "original_filename": "Hurricane_Irma_MS_submit_prePrint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/159/download/320/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 272, "title": "Asian monsoon amplifies semi-direct effect of biomass burning aerosols on low cloud formation", "abstract": "Low clouds play a key role in the Earth-atmosphere energy balance and influence agricultural production and solar-power generation. Smoke aloft has been found to enhance marine stratocu-mulus over the Southeast Atlantic in austral spring through aerosol-cloud interactions, but its role in regions with strong human activities and complex monsoon circulation remains unclear. Here we show that biomass burning aerosols aloft strongly increase the low-cloud coverage over both land and ocean in subtropical southeastern Asia. The degree of this enhancement and its spatial extent are comparable to that in the Southeast Atlantic, even though biomass burning emissions in Southeast Asia are only one-third of those in Southern Africa. Our results indicate that a cou-pling of aerosol-cloud-boundary-layer feedback with the monsoon is the main reason for the strong semi-direct effect and enhanced low-cloud formation in Asia.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:\r\n\r\na) to reproduce the Original Work in copies, either alone or as part of a collective work;\r\n\r\nb) to translate, adapt, alter, transform, modify, or arrange the Original Work, thereby creating derivative works (\"Derivative Works\") based upon the Original Work;\r\n\r\nc) to distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public, under any license of your choice that does not contradict the terms and conditions, including Licensor's reserved rights and remedies, in this Academic Free License;\r\n\r\nd) to perform the Original Work publicly; and\r\n\r\ne) to display the Original Work publicly.\r\n\r\n2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, for the duration of the patents, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and import the Original Work and Derivative Works.\r\n\r\n3) Grant of Source Code License. The term \"Source Code\" means the preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and all available documentation describing how to modify the Original Work. Licensor agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original Work that Licensor distributes. Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a machine-readable copy of the Source Code in an information repository reasonably calculated to permit inexpensive and convenient access by You for as long as Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work.\r\n\r\n4) Exclusions From License Grant. Neither the names of Licensor, nor the names of any contributors to the Original Work, nor any of their trademarks or service marks, may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this Original Work without express prior permission of the Licensor. Except as expressly stated herein, nothing in this License grants any license to Licensor's trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any other intellectual property. No patent license is granted to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, or import embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims defined in Section 2. No license is granted to the trademarks of Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from licensing under terms different from this License any Original Work that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license.\r\n\r\n5) External Deployment. The term \"External Deployment\" means the use, distribution, or communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original Work or Derivative Works may be used by anyone other than You, whether those works are distributed or communicated to those persons or made available as an application intended for use over a network. As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a distribution under section 1(c).\r\n\r\n6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an \"Attribution Notice.\" You must cause the Source Code for any Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have modified the Original Work.\r\n\r\n7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. 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Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including \"fair use\" or \"fair dealing\"). This License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).\r\n\r\n10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. 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In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "aerosol" }, { "word": "Asian monsoon" }, { "word": "biomass burning" }, { "word": "low cloud" }, { "word": "semi-direct effect" }, { "word": "Southeast Asia" }, { "word": "Southeast Atlantic" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-05-04T08:13:07+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-05-11T19:34:38+02:00", "date_published": "2020-05-11T19:34:38+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ayvs7", "authors": [ { "pk": 8801, "first_name": "Ke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ding", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5166, "first_name": "Xin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huang", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11616, "first_name": "Aijun", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ding", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8951, "first_name": "Minghuai", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9785, "first_name": "Hang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Su", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10398, "first_name": "Veli-matti", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kerminen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10825, "first_name": "Tuukka", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Petaja", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11126, "first_name": "Zhemin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Tan", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11341, "first_name": "Zilin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wang", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11489, "first_name": "Derong", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhou", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Meteorology" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "DingKe_BB_LowCloud_EarthArXiv3.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/272/download/539/" }, { "original_filename": "DingKe_BB_LowCloud_EarthArXiv2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/272/download/540/" }, { "original_filename": "DingKe_BB_LowCloud_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/272/download/541/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 160, "title": "Deformation controlled Long-Period seismicity in low cohesion volcanic sediments", "abstract": "Volcano seismicity is an important tool in remotely monitoring and forecasting activity at volcanoes around the world. Volcanic earthquakes show diverse spectral characteristics, with shallow Long Period (Low Frequency) seismicity and long duration tremor generally interpreted as indicators of fluid migration, and as potential precursors to eruption. Here we show that a common low-cohesion volcanic sediment from Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) produces Low Frequency and long duration seismicity whilst undergoing deformation in dry conditions. We employ acoustic-emission rock deformation experiments at a range of strain rates to produce events which are spectrally indistinguishable when normalised for scale from Long Period and tremor seismicity observed in natural volcanic settings. Generation of these signals is enhanced at lower strain rates. Correlated X-Ray tomography of samples before and after deformation constrain the source as sub-grain scale diffuse damage.\r\nGiven the ubiquitous nature of slow edifice deformation, and the frequent occurrence of such low cohesion materials in the upper edifice of volcanoes, we suggest low frequency seismicity and tremor in volcanic settings do not require fluid movement. Instead, these characteristic signals can be an indicator that deformation within the edifice is being accommodated by weak volcaniclastic materials.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, for the duration of the copyright, to do the following:\r\n\r\na) to reproduce the Original Work in copies, either alone or as part of a collective work;\r\n\r\nb) to translate, adapt, alter, transform, modify, or arrange the Original Work, thereby creating derivative works (\"Derivative Works\") based upon the Original Work;\r\n\r\nc) to distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the public, under any license of your choice that does not contradict the terms and conditions, including Licensor's reserved rights and remedies, in this Academic Free License;\r\n\r\nd) to perform the Original Work publicly; and\r\n\r\ne) to display the Original Work publicly.\r\n\r\n2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive, sublicensable license, under patent claims owned or controlled by the Licensor that are embodied in the Original Work as furnished by the Licensor, for the duration of the patents, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, and import the Original Work and Derivative Works.\r\n\r\n3) Grant of Source Code License. The term \"Source Code\" means the preferred form of the Original Work for making modifications to it and all available documentation describing how to modify the Original Work. Licensor agrees to provide a machine-readable copy of the Source Code of the Original Work along with each copy of the Original Work that Licensor distributes. Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a machine-readable copy of the Source Code in an information repository reasonably calculated to permit inexpensive and convenient access by You for as long as Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work.\r\n\r\n4) Exclusions From License Grant. Neither the names of Licensor, nor the names of any contributors to the Original Work, nor any of their trademarks or service marks, may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this Original Work without express prior permission of the Licensor. Except as expressly stated herein, nothing in this License grants any license to Licensor's trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any other intellectual property. No patent license is granted to make, use, sell, offer for sale, have made, or import embodiments of any patent claims other than the licensed claims defined in Section 2. No license is granted to the trademarks of Licensor even if such marks are included in the Original Work. Nothing in this License shall be interpreted to prohibit Licensor from licensing under terms different from this License any Original Work that Licensor otherwise would have a right to license.\r\n\r\n5) External Deployment. The term \"External Deployment\" means the use, distribution, or communication of the Original Work or Derivative Works in any way such that the Original Work or Derivative Works may be used by anyone other than You, whether those works are distributed or communicated to those persons or made available as an application intended for use over a network. As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You must treat any External Deployment by You of the Original Work or a Derivative Work as a distribution under section 1(c).\r\n\r\n6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative Works that You create, all copyright, patent, or trademark notices from the Source Code of the Original Work, as well as any notices of licensing and any descriptive text identified therein as an \"Attribution Notice.\" You must cause the Source Code for any Derivative Works that You create to carry a prominent Attribution Notice reasonably calculated to inform recipients that You have modified the Original Work.\r\n\r\n7) Warranty of Provenance and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and patent rights. Except as expressly stated in the immediately preceding sentence, the Original Work is provided under this License on an \"AS IS\" BASIS and WITHOUT WARRANTY, either express or implied, including, without limitation, the warranties of non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL WORK IS WITH YOU. This DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential part of this License. No license to the Original Work is granted by this License except under this disclaimer.\r\n\r\n8) Limitation of Liability. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the Licensor be liable to anyone for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a result of this License or the use of the Original Work including, without limitation, damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses. This limitation of liability shall not apply to the extent applicable law prohibits such limitation.\r\n\r\n9) Acceptance and Termination. If, at any time, You expressly assented to this License, that assent indicates your clear and irrevocable acceptance of this License and all of its terms and conditions. If You distribute or communicate copies of the Original Work or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances to obtain the express assent of recipients to the terms of this License. This License conditions your rights to undertake the activities listed in Section 1, including your right to create Derivative Works based upon the Original Work, and doing so without honoring these terms and conditions is prohibited by copyright law and international treaty. Nothing in this License is intended to affect copyright exceptions and limitations (including \"fair use\" or \"fair dealing\"). This License shall terminate immediately and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon your failure to honor the conditions in Section 1(c).\r\n\r\n10) Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License as of the date You commence an action, including a cross-claim or counterclaim, against Licensor or any licensee alleging that the Original Work infringes a patent. This termination provision shall not apply for an action alleging patent infringement by combinations of the Original Work with other software or hardware.\r\n\r\n11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and penalties of copyright or patent law in the appropriate jurisdiction. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n12) Attorneys' Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Seismology" }, { "word": "volcanology" }, { "word": "experimental" }, { "word": "LP earthquakes" }, { "word": "Neapolitan Yellow Tuff" }, { "word": "rock deformation" }, { "word": "volcanic tremor" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-12T16:51:52+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:11:10+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:11:10+02:00", "doi": "http://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00844-8", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/7rkzv", "authors": [ { "pk": 2537, "first_name": "Pete", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rowley", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-8322-5808" }, { "pk": 13453, "first_name": "Philip", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Benson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 17279, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Bean", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Volcanology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Rowley et al EarthArXiv1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/160/download/321/" }, { "original_filename": "Rowley et al EarthArXiv1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/160/download/322/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 161, "title": "Cryoegg: development and field trials of a wireless subglacial probe for deep, fast-moving ice", "abstract": "Subglacial hydrological systems require innovative technological solutions to access and observe. Wireless sensor platforms can be used to collect and return data, but their performance in deep and fast-moving ice requires quantification. We report experimental results from Cryoegg: a spherical probe that can be deployed into a borehole or moulin and transit through the subglacial hydrological system. The probe measures temperature, pressure and electrical conductivity in-situ and returns all data wirelessly via a radio link. We demonstrate Cryoegg’s utility in studying englacial channels and moulins, including in-situ salt dilution gauging. Cryoegg uses very high frequency (VHF) radio to transmit data to a surface receiving array through up to 1.3 km of cold ice - a significant improvement on the previous design. The wireless transmission uses Wireless M-Bus on 169 MHz; we present a simple radio link budget model for its performance in cold ice and experimentally confirm its validity. Cryoegg has also been tested successfully in temperate ice. The battery capacity allows measurements to be made every two hours for more than a year. Future iterations of the radio system will enable Cryoegg to transmit data through up to 2.5 km of ice.\r\n\r\nThe published version is available open access from Journal of Glaciology at https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.16", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-12T11:07:44+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-12T20:53:59+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-12T20:53:59+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.16", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/btphy", "authors": [ { "pk": 2803, "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Prior-Jones", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6661, "first_name": "Elizabeth", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bagshaw", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6180, "first_name": "Jonathan", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Lees", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-0218-7038" }, { "pk": 9001, "first_name": "Lindsay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Clare", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9819, "first_name": "Stephen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Burrow", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10419, "first_name": "Mauro", "middle_name": "A", "last_name": "Werder", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3694, "first_name": "Nanna", "middle_name": "B", "last_name": "Karlsson", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11137, "first_name": "Dorthe", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Dahl-Jensen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11172, "first_name": "Thomas", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Chudley", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-8547-1132" }, { "pk": 5945, "first_name": "Poul", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Christoffersen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Electrical and Computer Engineering" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Glaciology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Systems and Communications" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-preprint-rev2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/323/" }, { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/324/" }, { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-preprint-rev3.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/3903/" }, { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-preprint-rev3.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/3904/" }, { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-preprint-rev4.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/4174/" }, { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-postprint-rev5.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/4201/" }, { "original_filename": "Cryoegg-EarthArXiv-submitted-postprint-rev6.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/161/download/4468/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 162, "title": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission-track datasets: the chi-square test, annealing variability, and analytical considerations", "abstract": "Notes on fission track statistics, the chi-square test, annealing (i.e. fission track age) variability, and analytical bias aimed at a general Earth scientist audience and for users of fission track data", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Geology" }, { "word": "Erosion" }, { "word": "apatite fission track" }, { "word": "burial" }, { "word": "chi-square" }, { "word": "earth science" }, { "word": "external detector" }, { "word": "fission track" }, { "word": "LA-ICP-MS" }, { "word": "radial plot" }, { "word": "statistics" }, { "word": "thermal history modeling" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-11T02:38:42+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-12T20:54:16+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-12T20:54:16+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/uj4hx", "authors": [ { "pk": 1710, "first_name": "Kalin", "middle_name": "T.", "last_name": "McDannell", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-3161-8124" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geochemistry" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/325/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/326/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/327/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/5742/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/11683/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/11685/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/11686/" }, { "original_filename": "Notes on statistical age dispersion in fission track datasets.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/162/download/11691/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 163, "title": "Syn-depositional Mesozoic siliciclastic pathways on the Moroccan Atlantic margin linked to evaporite mobilisation", "abstract": "Evaporite mobilisation in evaporite-cored anticlines leads to topographic growth that can alter sedimentary routing in shallow marine environments. This paper analyses two evaporite-cored anticlines perpendicular to the NW Africa coast to understand how their tectonic evolution influenced sediment pathways during the Early to Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous exhumation of the Mesozoic margin hinterland. The Essaouira-Agadir Basin in Morocco underwent evaporite deposition during the Atlasic and Atlantic rifting. Subsequent loading and tectonics resulted in re-mobilisation and generation of a variety of evaporite structures. Structural data obtained from analysis of Google Earth images processed using Move 2D allowed derivation of the thickness of sedimentary units on both flanks of the structures. Integrated with sedimentary logs from nine locations around evaporite-cored structures and two onshore wells, this data constrains the depositional record and allow an assessment of siliciclastic flux in the Essaouira-Agadir Basin. The results show the importance of syn-sedimentary evaporite tectonics on basin morphology, which influences the distribution of clastics delivered by fluvial systems and deepwater processes into the basin. This paper constrains the evolution of the Amsittène and Imouzzer anticlines in the Early to Middle Jurassic and support that their growth is associated with halokinesis. Mesozoic syn-sedimentary fold growth would have provided an important control on sediment discharge pathways and on the location of sediment entry points on the shelf margin, that ultimately fed deep water fan systems. This knowledge is key to predict the reservoir presence on the eastern margin of the Central Atlantic Ocean and to some extent, its conjugate margin in Nova Scotia", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "channelizing sedimentary pathways" }, { "word": "Essaouira Agadir Basin" }, { "word": "Moroccan passive margin" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-10T13:38:53+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-16T20:05:10+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-16T20:05:10+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105018", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/9zvak", "authors": [ { "pk": 1562, "first_name": "Rémi", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Charton", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-0064-256X" }, { "pk": 6714, "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kluge", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1564, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fernández-Blanco", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-5326-9164" }, { "pk": 7774, "first_name": "Aude", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Duval-Arnould", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6805, "first_name": "Giovanni", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bertotti", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-7368-4867" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Charton_main_text_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/163/download/328/" }, { "original_filename": "Charton_main_text_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/163/download/329/" }, { "original_filename": "Charton_main_text_MPG_revised_Earth_arXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/163/download/4410/" }, { "original_filename": "Charton_main_text_MPG_revised_Earth_arXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/163/download/6282/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/mwszp", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 164, "title": "SARS-CoV-2 COVID 19 SPIKES CHEMICAL REACTION WITH CLIMATE HUMIDITY", "abstract": "The analysis consists of daily monitoring of pandemic fluctuations and climatic fluctuations over a period of two months in France. \nA comparative analysis survey in 27 European countries determined the effect of climatic conditions, temperature and humidity on differences in the extent of the disease. From the molecular composition of Spikes, we established their hygroscopic property and showed the essential role of air humidity on the spread of COVID-19 disease", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-10T11:30:58+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-12T17:29:37+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-12T17:29:37+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/6c48n", "authors": [ { "pk": 263, "first_name": "PIOVAN", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Yves", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Life Sciences" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "a publier 10 juin.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/164/download/330/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/r8t6q", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 165, "title": "A systematic approach and software for the analysis of point patterns on river networks", "abstract": "Many geomorphic phenomena such as bank failures, landslide dams, riffle-pool sequences and knickpoints can be modelled as spatial point processes. However, as the locations of these phenomena are constrained to lie on or alongside rivers, their analysis must account for the geometry and topology of river networks. Here, we introduce a new numeric class in TopoToolbox called Point Pattern on Stream networks (PPS), which supports exploratory analysis, statistical modelling, simulation and visualization of point processes. We present two case studies that aim at inferring processes and factors that control the spatial density of geomorphic phenomena along river networks: the analysis of knickpoints in river profiles, and modelling spatial locations of beaver dams based on topographic metrics. The case studies rely on exploratory analysis and statistical inference using inhomogeneous Poisson point processes. Thereby, statistical and probabilistic procedures implemented in PPS provide a systematic approach for treating of uncertainties. PPS provides a consistent numeric framework for modelling point processes on river networks with a wide range of applications in fluvial geomorphology, but also other disciplines such as ecology.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public\r\nLicenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change\r\nfree software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.\r\n\r\n This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some\r\nspecially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the\r\nFree Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You\r\ncan use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether\r\nthis license or the ordinary General Public License is the better\r\nstrategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.\r\n\r\n When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,\r\nnot price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that\r\nyou have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge\r\nfor this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get\r\nit if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of\r\nit in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do\r\nthese things.\r\n\r\n To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid\r\ndistributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these\r\nrights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for\r\nyou if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.\r\n\r\n For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis\r\nor for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave\r\nyou. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source\r\ncode. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "beaver dams" }, { "word": "fluvial geomorphology" }, { "word": "knickpoints" }, { "word": "Point pattern analysis" }, { "word": "point processes" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-10T10:59:15+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-10T11:31:49+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-10T11:31:49+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5127", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/7qv2r", "authors": [ { "pk": 3760, "first_name": "Wolfgang", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schwanghart", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6746, "first_name": "Christian", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Molkenthin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7985, "first_name": "Dirk", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scherler", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Schwanghart_etal-PPS__preprint_2020-05-29_2.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/165/download/331/" }, { "original_filename": "Schwanghart_etal-PPS__preprint_2020-05-29.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/165/download/332/" }, { "original_filename": "Schwanghart_etal-PPS_2021-01-20_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/165/download/4298/" }, { "original_filename": "Schwanghart_etal-PPS_2021-01-20_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/165/download/4299/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "http://doi.org/10.5066/F7PZ57QP", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://github.com/wschwanghart/topotoolbox", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 166, "title": "The sustainability of beach nourishments: A review of nourishment and environmental monitoring practice", "abstract": "Beach nourishments are a widely used method to mitigate erosion along flood-prone sandy shorelines. In contrast to hard coastal protection structures, nourishments are considered as soft engineering, although little is known about the cumulative, long-term environmental effects of both marine sediment extraction and nourishment activities. Recent endeavours to sustain the marine ecosystem and research results on the environmental impact of sediment extraction and nourishment activities are driving the need for a comprehensive up-to-date review of beach nourishment practice, and to evaluate the physical and ecological sustainability of these activities. While existing reviews of nourishment practice have focused on the general design (motivation, techniques and methods, international overview of sites and volumes) as well as legal and financial aspects, this study reviews and compares not only nourishment practice but also the accompanying assessment and monitoring of environmental impacts in a number of developed countries around the world. The review shows differences in coastal management strategies and legislation as well as large dissimilarities in the licensing process for both marine sediment extraction and nourishment activities. The spatial disturbance of the marine environment that is considered a significant impact varies substantially between countries. Combined with the large uncertainties of the long-term ecological and geomorphological impacts, these results question the assumption that nourishments are a sustainable method for coastal protection.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "beach nourishment" }, { "word": "coastal management" }, { "word": "coastal protection" }, { "word": "ecology" }, { "word": "Environmental Impact Assessment" }, { "word": "sustainability" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-09T19:42:23+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-10T11:33:57+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-10T11:33:57+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-021-00801-y", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/knrvw", "authors": [ { "pk": 3580, "first_name": "Franziska", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Staudt", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-7257-6816" }, { "pk": 6758, "first_name": "Rik", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gijsman", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7998, "first_name": "Caroline", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ganal", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9074, "first_name": "Finn", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Mielck", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9880, "first_name": "Johanna", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wolbring", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10460, "first_name": "H.", "middle_name": "Christian", "last_name": "Hass", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10869, "first_name": "Nils", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Goseberg", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11156, "first_name": "Holger", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schüttrumpf", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11365, "first_name": "Torsten", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schlurmann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 11508, "first_name": "Stefan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schimmels", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Civil and Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sustainability" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "BeachNourishmentSustainability_Preprint_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/166/download/333/" }, { "original_filename": "BeachNourishmentSustainability_Preprint_v2.0_EarthArXiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/166/download/4094/" }, { "original_filename": "BeachNourishmentSustainability_Preprint_EarthArXiv_v2.1.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/166/download/6864/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 167, "title": "Dislocation interactions in olivine control postseismic creep of the upper mantle", "abstract": "Changes in stress applied to mantle rocks, such as those imposed by earthquakes, induce a period of evolution in viscosity and microstructure. This transient creep is often modelled based on stress transfer among slip systems due to grain interactions. However, recent experiments have demonstrated that the intragranular accumulation of stresses among dislocations is the dominant cause of strain hardening in olivine at low temperatures, raising the question of whether the same process contributes to transient creep at higher temperatures. Here, we demonstrate that olivine samples deformed at 25°C or 1150–1250°C both contain stress heterogeneities of ~1 GPa that are imparted by dislocations and have correlation lengths of ~1 μm. The similar stress distributions formed in both temperature regimes indicate that accumulation of stresses among dislocations also provides a contribution to transient creep at high temperatures. The results motivate a new generation of models that capture these intragranular processes and may refine predictions of evolving mantle viscosity over the earthquake cycle.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. 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However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "postseismic" }, { "word": "olivine" }, { "word": "dislocation" }, { "word": "high-angular resolution electron backscatter diffraction" }, { "word": "mantle" }, { "word": "rheology" }, { "word": "stress heterogeneity" }, { "word": "transient creep" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-09T13:22:41+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-29T18:17:47+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-29T18:17:47+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23633-8", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/y9wbt", "authors": [ { "pk": 266, "first_name": "David", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wallis", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1932, "first_name": "Lars", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hansen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 267, "first_name": "Angus", "middle_name": "J.", "last_name": "Wilkinson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9113, "first_name": "Ricardo", "middle_name": "A.", "last_name": "Lebensohn", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Condensed Matter Physics" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Mineral Physics" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Physics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Wallis_et_al_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/167/download/334/" }, { "original_filename": "Wallis_et_al_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/167/download/335/" }, { "original_filename": "Wallis_et_al_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/167/download/336/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 168, "title": "Decomposing the Drivers of Polar Amplification with a Single Column Model.", "abstract": "The precise mechanisms driving Arctic amplification are still under debate. Previous attribution methods based on top-of-atmosphere energy budgets have assumed all forcings and feedbacks lead to vertically-uniform temperature changes, with any departures from this collected into the lapse-rate feedback. We propose an alternative attribution method using a single column model that accounts for the forcing-dependence of high latitude lapse-rate changes. We test this method in an idealized General Circulation Model (GCM), finding that, even though the column-integrated carbon dioxide (CO2) forcing and water vapor feedback are stronger in the tropics, they contribute to polar-amplified surface warming as they lead to bottom-heavy warming in high latitudes. A separation of atmospheric temperature changes into local and remote contributors shows that, in the absence of polar surface forcing (e.g., sea-ice retreat), changes in energy transport are primarily responsible for the polar amplified pattern of warming. The addition of surface forcing substantially increases polar surface warming and reduces the contribution of atmospheric dry static energy transport. This physically-based attribution method can be applied to comprehensive GCMs to provide a clearer view of the mechanisms behind Arctic amplification.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-09T10:00:05+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-10T16:48:29+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-10T16:48:29+02:00", "doi": "http://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0178.1", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/dzmvq", "authors": [ { "pk": 1565, "first_name": "Matthew", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Henry", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0003-4498-6476" }, { "pk": 5079, "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Merlis", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-5593-8210" }, { "pk": 269, "first_name": "Nicholas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lutsko", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9125, "first_name": "Brian", "middle_name": "E.J.", "last_name": "Rose", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "HMLR20_jcli___preprint_version.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/168/download/337/" }, { "original_filename": "HMLR20_jcli(3).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/168/download/338/" }, { "original_filename": "HMLR20_jcli(2).pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/168/download/339/" }, { "original_filename": "HMLR20_jcli_Dec20.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/168/download/3940/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/matthewjhenry/HMLR19_SCM", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 169, "title": "Two Pixel Reference Algorithm", "abstract": "Object based image analysis (OBIA) has a unique process requirement: relate all the pixels in the segmented images to the vectorized polygons (pixel in polygon). The existing solutions are very slow in finding the pixels in a polygon. This paper proposes a novel algorithm called Two-Pixel-Reference to speed up the process. The algorithm is initially designed for segmented remote sensing images. It avoids most multiple-layer loops in existing methods and trims many redundant comparison among pixels. Thus it has literal lower Big O algorithm complexity. We implemented the algorithms in C++ and made more than seventy tests on two different machines to compare the algorithm with three other existing algorithms. The results show that it significantly decreases the time cost of the process. In every single test, the proposed algorithm costs much less time than other algorithms. Specifically, the average duration is reduced from 3.96 seconds to 0.15 second on machine #1 and from 3.647 seconds to 0.073 second on machine #2. This paper makes a good example for researching time-efficient algorithms to accelerate the overall process of OBIA in such a big data era.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "remote sensing" }, { "word": "complexity" }, { "word": "image classification" }, { "word": "object based image analysis" }, { "word": "pixel in polygon" }, { "word": "vectorization" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-09T00:43:46+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:15:27+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:15:27+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ysa3m", "authors": [ { "pk": 270, "first_name": "Ziheng", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Sun", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6181, "first_name": "Liping", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Di", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7454, "first_name": "Hui", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Fang", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Geography" }, { "name": "Remote Sensing" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "#Paper26_tpr_v1.6.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/169/download/340/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 170, "title": "Ancient siderites reveal hot and humid super-greenhouse climate", "abstract": "Earth’s climate is warming as the rise in atmospheric CO2 (pCO2) contributes to increased radiative forcing. State-of-the-art models calculate a wide range in Earth’s climate sensitivities due to increasing pCO2, and, in particular, the mechanisms responsible for amplification of high latitude temperatures remain highly debated. The geological record provides a means to evaluate the consequences of high radiative forcing on Earth’s climate. Here we present clumped (Δ47) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope data from latest Paleocene/earliest Eocene (LPEE; 57-55 million years ago) pedogenic siderites, a time when pCO2 peaked between 1400 and 4000 ppm. Continental mean annual temperature reached 41 °C in the equatorial tropics, and summer temperatures reached 23 °C in the Arctic. Reconstruction of the oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation reveal that the hot LPEE climate was characterized by a globally averaged increase in specific humidity with a corresponding increase in the average residence time of atmospheric moisture and a decrease in the subtropical-to-polar specific humidity gradient compared to the present-day. Pedogenic siderite data from other ancient super-greenhouse periods support the evidence that with higher global mean temperatures and a decreased meridional temperature gradient the increase in specific humidity is subject to polar amplification.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "climate" }, { "word": "clumped isotopes" }, { "word": "eocene" }, { "word": "hydrological cycle" }, { "word": "oxygen isotopes in precipitation" }, { "word": "paleocene" }, { "word": "siderite" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-08T20:22:42+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-10T11:33:28+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-10T11:33:28+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/5tk8g", "authors": [ { "pk": 271, "first_name": "Joep", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "van Dijk", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 272, "first_name": "Alvaro", "middle_name": "Bremer", "last_name": "Fernandez", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8091, "first_name": "Stefano", "middle_name": "M", "last_name": "Bernasconi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7239, "first_name": "Jeremy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Caves-Rugenstein", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9948, "first_name": "Simon", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Passey", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10504, "first_name": "Tim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "White", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geochemistry" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Manuscript_final.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/170/download/341/" }, { "original_filename": "manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/170/download/342/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/nv2kr", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 172, "title": "Antarctic elevation drives hemispheric asymmetry in polar lapse-rate climatology and feedback", "abstract": "The lapse-rate feedback is the dominant driver of stronger warming in the Arctic than the Antarctic in simulations with increased CO2. While Antarctic surface elevation has been implicated in promoting a weaker Antarctic lapse-rate feedback, the mechanisms in which elevation impacts the lapse-rate feedback are still unclear. Here we suggest that weaker Antarctic warming under CO2 forcing stems from shallower, less intense climatological inversions due to limited atmospheric heat transport above the ice sheet elevation and elevation-induced katabatic winds. In slab ocean model experiments with flattened Antarctic topography, stronger climatological inversions support a stronger lapse-rate feedback and annual-mean Antarctic warming comparable to the Arctic under CO2 doubling. Unlike the Arctic, seasonality in warming over flat Antarctica is mainly driven by a negative shortwave cloud feedback which exclusively dampens summer warming, with a smaller contribution from the winter-enhanced lapse-rate feedback.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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However, continuous long-term seismic monitoring, especially in urban areas, remains challenging. We describe the Fiber-Optic foR Environmental SEnsEing (FORESEE) project in Pennsylvania, United States, the first continuous monitoring distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) fiber array in the Eastern US. This array is made up of nearly 5 km of pre-existing dark telecommunications fiber underneath the Pennsylvania State University Campus. A major thrust of this experiment is the study of urban geohazard and hydrological systems through near-surface seismic monitoring. Here we detail the FORESEE experiment deployment, instrument calibration, and describe multiple observations of seismic sources in the first year. We calibrate the array by comparison to earthquake data from a nearby seismometer and to active-source geophone data. We observed a wide variety of seismic signatures in our DAS recordings: natural events (earthquakes and thunderstorms) and anthropogenic events (mining blasts, vehicles, music concerts, and walking steps). Preliminary analysis of these signals suggest DAS has the capability to sense broadband vibrations and discriminate between seismic signatures of different quakes and anthropogenic sources. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Seismology" }, { "word": "Geophysics" }, { "word": "DAS" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-05T15:19:17+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T15:32:08+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T15:32:08+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-219-2021", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/rswb3", "authors": [ { "pk": 276, "first_name": "Tieyuan", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhu", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6942, "first_name": "Junzhu", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Shen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 17293, "first_name": "Eileen", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Martin", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Zhu2020_FORESEE_UnderReview.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/174/download/349/" }, { "original_filename": "Zhu2020_FORESEE-compressed.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/174/download/350/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/be7zx", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://sites.psu.edu/tzhu/foresee/", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 175, "title": "The social-ecological dimensions of changing global freshwater availability", "abstract": "Quantifying physical water security at the global scale remains hampered by a lack of systematically produced observational data. Here we combine the observed trends in global freshwater availability from the recently completed Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellite mission1 with more than a dozen other global datasets and provide the missing observational basis to numerous existing perceptions of global water security. We find the disparity between the water ‘haves’ and ‘have nots’ of the world continues to widen2. Nearly one in two people who live in areas of extreme water shortage experienced drying over the 14-year observation period while a fifth of crop calories produced for human food are grown in regions that dried yet already suffer from water shortage. The global water availability trends reveal a clear human imprint1 and reflect a world-wide inability to manage water resources for long term water security. We identify 21 regions that stand to face especially high social-ecological system pressures from the water availability trends and assess flooding and water scarcity vulnerability at the global scale. This application of remotely sensed water availability trends contributes to the quantitative diagnosis of the world’s contemporary water security challenges that will be useful in global policy directive setting.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "water security" }, { "word": "GRACE" }, { "word": "Social-ecological systems" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-04T23:47:10+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T14:01:18+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T14:01:18+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/j97ud", "authors": [ { "pk": 14209, "first_name": "Xander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Huggins", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-6313-8299" }, { "pk": 4102, "first_name": "Tom", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gleeson", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-9493-7707" }, { "pk": 4090, "first_name": "Matti", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kummu", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 2011, "first_name": "Sam", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zipper", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-8735-5757" }, { "pk": 10009, "first_name": "Tara", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Troy", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7798, "first_name": "Yoshihide", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wada", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10926, "first_name": "Jay", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Famiglietti", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Huggins et al. - Social_ecological_dimensions_GRACE.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/175/download/351/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/XanderHuggins/ws-hd_GRACE", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 176, "title": "Suitability Analysis of Remote Sensing Techniques for Shoreline Extraction of Global River Deltas", "abstract": "High frequency flooding, sea level rise and changes to riverine sediment fluxes have threatened the habitable land area of river deltas, where close to half a billion people live, globally. Understanding shoreline positions is important for overall sustainable planning of deltaic communities and delta evolution predictive modeling. However, a gap in literature is recognized where there is a) no understanding of the most effective shoreline extraction method for a delta, and b) comparisons across techniques to infer on the performance metrics of techniques across deltas in different climate regions. This makes it difficult to apply existing knowledge to lesser studied, data sparse deltaic regions worldwide. \nIn addressing these gaps, we evaluated the performance of 5 different remote sensing techniques against a hand-digitized shoreline vector of 44 river deltas globally, representing the 3 different morphological types of deltas (river-, tide- and wave-dominated), across 4 Köppen Climate Classes using Landsat 8 imagery. We propose a new metric (Robustness: R) to evaluate the performance of a given technique. \nThe results show that 1) the best performing method for the majority of the deltas (35/44) was Unsupervised Classification, 2) there is no geographical significance in the performance of the tested techniques, and 3) wave dominated deltas showed the highest classification robustness while tide dominated deltas showed the lowest. Recommendations are made for the application of techniques in different types of deltas and unknown deltaic territories worldwide.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Classification" }, { "word": "Global" }, { "word": "Landsat" }, { "word": "River Delta" }, { "word": "Shoreline" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-04T23:15:28+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T15:30:08+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T15:30:08+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/q269j", "authors": [ { "pk": 222, "first_name": "Dinuke", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Munasinghe", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6129, "first_name": "Sagy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Cohen", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8236, "first_name": "Benjamin", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hand", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "IEEE_TwoColumn_Munasinghe_Cohen_Hand_Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/176/download/352/" }, { "original_filename": "IEEE_TwoColumn_Munasinghe et al_Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/176/download/353/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 1063, "title": "Current Problems of Water Supply and Usage in Central Asia, Tian Shan Basin", "abstract": "The paper focuses on analysis of Central Asian hydro-energetic system and water usage in Tian Shan region. Tian Shan system is an important water resource in Central Asia: river waters are intensely taken for hydropower energy, urban systems, irrigation. But geopolitics in Tian Shan is difficult: it crosses five densely populated countries. The problem consists in water delivery between countries located in the highlands with excellent water supply (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) and those located in valleys with water shortage (Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan). The water use causes debates among these countries. Besides, global warming causes water deficit, which adds difficulties to hydro-energetics. A multidisciplinary analysis was performed in the article: water supply in Tian Shan, spatial distribution of hydro-energetic resources and effects of climate impact were analysed.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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Individual storm-event beds have typically low preservation in these successions, yet depositional settings are characterized on the basis of storms processes. We present a sedimentological study of a thick, bioturbated exhumed succession deposited during the early post-rift stage of the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) and compare its stratigraphic record with examples developed worldwide, in order to discuss controlling factors on the total destruction of storm-event beds during several million years. \r\nThe Bardas Blancas Formation (170-220 m thick) is dominated by muddy sandstones and sandy mudstones, but it also includes subordinate proportions of clean sandstones and pure mudstones, collectively representing different environments of a storm-influenced shoreface-offshore system. The offshore transition and proximal offshore strata invariably comprises intensely bioturbated deposits, with only a few preserved HCS-sandstone beds. The unit shows a long-term aggradational pattern involving ca. 7-10 Myr and is associated with low riverine influence.\r\nBy combining the observations and interpretations of the Bardas Blancas Formation with other subsurface and exhumed intensely bioturbated, shallow-marine successions we dispute the general assumption that they can be associated to low frequency or low magnitude of storms. Alternatively, we propose that the long-lived efficiency of benthic fauna on destroying most if not all the storm-event beds that reached the offshore-transition sector, results from the combination of two or three factors: deposition in relatively confined marine depocentres, persistent low riverine influence, and long-term aggradational stacking pattern. As these conditions can be recreated in a variety of basin styles, such as rift, early post-rift, and foreland settings, the recognition of thick, bioturbated successions as the ones discussed here can be used to infer more realistic constrains for depositional models and better predict facies distribution in these storm-influenced systems.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Bardas Blancas Formation" }, { "word": "biogenic destruction" }, { "word": "Jurassic" }, { "word": "Neuquén Basin" }, { "word": "shallow-marine strata" }, { "word": "storm events" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-04T17:08:24+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-05T17:07:43+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-05T17:07:43+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110109", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/mrtj7", "authors": [ { "pk": 282, "first_name": "Ernesto", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Schwarz", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1738, "first_name": "Miquel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Poyatos-Moré", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0001-7813-8868" }, { "pk": 8252, "first_name": "Salvador", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Boya", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9272, "first_name": "Luz", "middle_name": "Elena", "last_name": "Gomis-Cartesio", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10455, "first_name": "Ivar", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Midtkandal", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geology" }, { "name": "Paleontology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" }, { "name": "Stratigraphy" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Schwarz et al submitted_compressed.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/177/download/354/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 178, "title": "Seismic constraints on rock damaging in a failing mountain peak: the Hochvogel, Allgäu", "abstract": "Large rock slope failures play a pivotal role in long-term landscape evolution and are a major concern in land use planning and hazard aspects. While the failure phase and the time immediately prior to failure are increasingly well studied, the nature of the preparation phase remains enigmatic. This knowledge gap is due, to a large degree, to difficulties associated with instrumenting high mountain terrain and the local nature of classic monitoring methods, which does not allow integral observation of large rock volumes. Here, we analyse data from a small network of up to seven seismic sensors installed during July–October 2018 (with 43 days of data loss) at the summit of the Hochvogel, a 2592 m high Alpine peak. We develop proxy time series indicative of cyclic and progressive changes of the summit. Fundamental frequency analysis, horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio data and end-member modelling analysis reveal diurnal cycles of increasing and decreasing coupling stiffness of a 126,000 m 3 large, instable rock volume, due to thermal forcing. Relative seismic wave velocity changes also indicate diurnal accumulation and release of stress within the rock mass. At longer time scales, there is a systematic superimposed pattern of stress increases over multiple days and episodic stress release within a few days, expressed in an increased emission of short seismic pulses indicative of rock cracking. We interpret our data to reflect an early stage of stick slip motion of a large rock mass, providing new information on the development of large-scale slope instabilities towards catastrophic failure.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "monitoring" }, { "word": "dv/v" }, { "word": "eigen frequency" }, { "word": "Environmental seismology" }, { "word": "HVSR" }, { "word": "Natural Hazard" }, { "word": "Slope failure" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-04T13:48:01+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-18T13:57:23+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-18T13:57:23+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/kz679", "authors": [ { "pk": 22089, "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Dietze", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7027, "first_name": "Michael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Krautblatter", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 4282, "first_name": "Luc", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Illien", "salutation": "Mr", "orcid": "0000-0003-3411-5669" }, { "pk": 12731, "first_name": "Niels", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hovius", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Dietze_et_al_Hochvogel_01.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/178/download/355/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/qw9j2", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 179, "title": "A novel rules-based shoreface translation model for predicting future coastal change: ShoreTrans", "abstract": "Predicting change to global shorelines presents an increasing challenge as sea-level rise (SLR) accelerates. Many shoreline prediction models use variations of the ‘Bruun-rule’, failing to account for relevant processes and morphologic complexity. To address this, we introduce a simple rules-based model (ShoreTrans) designed for complex, real-world profiles that predicts change across a wide variety of sand, gravel, rock and engineered coasts at a temporal scale of 10–100 years, accounting for shoreline trends as well as variability. The model translates 2D cross-sections of the shoreface, using the surveyed profile, then integrates these cross-shore shoreface changes across multiple alongshore profiles to assess a simplified 3D sediment budget. Uncertainty is accounted for using a probabilistic distribution for model inputs and Monte Carlo simulations. The model accounts for: (1) dune encroachment/accretion; (2) barrier rollback; (3) non-erodible layers; (4) seawalls; (5) lower shoreface transport; (6) cross-shore storm erosion; (7) alongshore rotation; and (8) other sources and sinks. We apply the model to two macrotidal UK embayments: Perranporth (sandy, dissipative, cross-shore dominant transport) and Start Bay (gravel, reflective, bi-directional alongshore dominant), then use idealised models to investigate the relative importance of forcing controls on shoreline recession and beach width. For the dissipative sandy site, the primary modes of coastal change are predicted to be short-term storm erosion and SLR translation. By contrast, for the reflective gravel site, the primary mode is multi-decadal longshore sediment flux, while short-term alongshore rotation and SLR translation are secondary. Relative to the new model, the Bruun-rule under-predicts shoreline recession in front of cliffs, seawalls and for low barriers that rollback, and over-predicts where large erodible dunes are present. Beaches in front of seawalls and cliffs are predicted to shrink, such that narrow beaches (<50 m width) may disappear under 1-m SLR. ShoreTrans is easily transferable to many coastal environments and will provide a useful tool for coastal practitioners to make rapid estimates of future coastal change to complex shorelines.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Bruun-rule" }, { "word": "multi-decadal coastal evolution" }, { "word": "Sea-level rise" }, { "word": "shoreline modelling" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-04T07:24:27+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-05T03:21:11+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-05T03:21:11+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/y4kmv", "authors": [ { "pk": 4215, "first_name": "Robert", "middle_name": "Jak", "last_name": "McCarroll", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5683, "first_name": "Gerd", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Masselink", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7044, "first_name": "Nieves", "middle_name": "G.", "last_name": "Valiente", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8303, "first_name": "Timothy", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Scott", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9307, "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Wiggins", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 3956, "first_name": "Josie", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Kirby", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10270, "first_name": "Mark", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Davidson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Oceanography" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Other Engineering" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "McCarroll_etal_2020_ShoreTrans_PreprintManuscript_v3a.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/179/download/356/" }, { "original_filename": "McCarroll_etal_2020_ShoreTrans_PreprintManuscript_v3.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/179/download/357/" }, { "original_filename": "McCarroll_etal_2020_ShoreTrans_PreprintManuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/179/download/358/" }, { "original_filename": "McCarroll_etal_2020_ShoreTrans_PreprintManuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/179/download/359/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 180, "title": "Eruptive dynamics in Plinian silicic eruptions", "abstract": "Plinian eruptions are characterized by high magma discharge rates and pyroclastic material containing extraordinary large numbers of bubbles. Upon ascent to the surface magma decompresses and volatiles become supersaturated, causing bubbles to nucleate with a rate dependent on the degree of supersaturation. Thus, the conventional view is that the number of bubbles nucleating within the erupting magma depends on decompression rate, which is in turn a function of discharge rate. The interplay between decompression and bubble nucleation rates is of importance for the explosive nature of eruptions and thus provides an incentive for quantifying their dependency. Conventional approaches, however, predict unrealistically high decompression rates for the observed bubble number densities. Moreover, inferred pre-eruptive saturation pressures are often too low to overcome the surface energy barrier for homogeneous nucleation. To resolve these discrepancies, we simulated bubble nucleation in silica-rich magma under Plinian eruptive conditions. We demonstrate that bubble number densities and saturation pressures of Plinian silicic eruptions can be reconciled with heterogeneous nucleation, if facilitated by magnetite nanolites.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Bubble nucleation" }, { "word": "Eruption dynamics" }, { "word": "Magma decompression rate" }, { "word": "Plinian eruptions" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-03T19:50:03+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-04T19:12:16+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-04T19:12:16+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ru3cp", "authors": [ { "pk": 2784, "first_name": "Sahand", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Hajimirza", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-5960-5894" }, { "pk": 6684, "first_name": "Helge M.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gonnermann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7940, "first_name": "James E.", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gardner", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Volcanology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Hajimirza_etal_Eruptive dynamics in Plinian silicic eruptions.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/180/download/360/" }, { "original_filename": "Hajimirza_etal_Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/180/download/361/" }, { "original_filename": "Hajimirza_Reconciling bubble nucleation in explosive eruptions with geospeedometers.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/180/download/3963/" }, { "original_filename": "Hajimirza_Reconciling bubble nucleation in explosive eruptions with geospeedometers.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/180/download/3964/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/8becp", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 181, "title": "Carbon fractions in the world’s dead wood", "abstract": "Alarming increases in tree mortality due to environmental change suggest that contributions of dead wood to global carbon (C) cycles are rapidly increasing 1-3, with dead wood C flux estimates already approximating total annual anthropogenic C emissions 4. Quantifying C in dead wood critically depends on accurate estimates of dead wood C fractions (CFs) to convert dead woody biomass into C. Most C accounting protocols, including those recently revised by the IPCC 5, utilize a default dead wood CF of 50%, but live tree studies suggest this assumption results in substantial bias in forest C estimates 6. Here we compile and analyze a global database of dead wood CFs in trees, showing that dead wood CFs average 48.5% across forests worldwide, deviating significantly from 50%, with systematic variation among biomes, plant phyla, tissue types, and decay classes. Accounting for data-driven dead wood CFs corrects systematic overestimates in global dead wood C stock estimates of ~1.6 Pg C, an estimate approaching annual C flux estimates from land-use change globally 7. Our analysis provides, for the first time, robust empirical CFs for dead wood globally to inform global terrestrial C accounting protocols, and revise estimates of forest C stocks and fluxes.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "forest" }, { "word": "carbon accounting" }, { "word": "carbon fractions" }, { "word": "climate change" }, { "word": "coarse woody debris" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-03T17:27:58+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-05T17:28:43+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-05T17:28:43+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21149-9", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/scx3y", "authors": [ { "pk": 286, "first_name": "Adam", "middle_name": "R", "last_name": "Martin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5743, "first_name": "Grant", "middle_name": "M.", "last_name": "Dimke", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7102, "first_name": "Mahendra", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Doraisami", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8338, "first_name": "Sean", "middle_name": "C.", "last_name": "Thomas", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Biogeochemistry" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Martin et al. Nature Communications Manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/181/download/362/" }, { "original_filename": "Martin et al. Nature Communications Manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/181/download/363/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 182, "title": "Sediment redox dynamics in an oligotrophic deep-water lake in Tierra del Fuego: insights from Fe isotopes", "abstract": "Fe speciation and Fe isotopes have been widely used to reconstruct past basin dynamics and water redox conditions. However, sedimentation and early diagenesis of such proxies eventually alter any primary climate signal. In this work, we disentangled the processes occurring at the redox front below the sediment-water interface of a ventilated deep-water lake (Lago Fagnano, Argentina/Chile). A sequential extraction protocol was applied to characterize two reactive Fe pools: Fe oxyhydroxides and reduced iron. Subsequently Fe isotopes were constrained to determine the main processes mobilizing iron. At the redox front, ferric minerals reach a δ56Fe of -1.3 ‰ resulting from fluid upward migration and oxidation of dissolved Fe and likely following a Rayleigh distillation effect. Right below, low ferric Fe concentrations indicate Fe reduction which fuels the dissolved Fe pool. Consequently, as the sedimentation proceeds, light Fe is in constant upward migration along with the redox front. However, an increased sedimentation (e.g., turbiditic events) interrupts this dynamic cycle and the Fe rich redox front can be partially preserved. Additionally, oxidation of dissolved Fe is compromised and can be recycled in the formation of ferrous minerals, such as Fe monosulfides and amorphous phases, which show light Fe isotopes reaching a δ56Fe of -1.7 ‰", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [], "date_submitted": "2020-06-02T19:28:44+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-10T11:32:38+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-10T11:32:38+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/j5md2", "authors": [ { "pk": 178, "first_name": "Luis", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ordóñez", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 287, "first_name": "Ina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Neugebauer", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1570, "first_name": "Camille", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Thomas", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": "0000-0002-7651-2542" }, { "pk": 289, "first_name": "Massimo", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Chiaradia", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 290, "first_name": "Nicolas", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Waldmann", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9852, "first_name": "Daniel", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Ariztegui", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0001-7775-5127" } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Fresh Water Studies" }, { "name": "Geochemistry" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "MsFagnano L&O EarthArXiv.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/182/download/364/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/kj9ft", "label": "Supplementary material" } ] }, { "pk": 183, "title": "Large model parameter and structural uncertainties in global projections of urban heat waves", "abstract": "Urban heat waves (UHWs) are strongly associated with socioeconomic impacts. Reliable projections of these extremes are pressingly needed for local actions in the context of extreme event preparedness and mitigation. Such information, however, is not available because current multi-model projections largely lack a representation of urban areas. Here, we use a newly-developed urban climate emulator framework in combination with global climate simulations to show that, at the urban scale a large proportion of the uncertainty results from choices of model parameter and structural design in projecting UHWs in the next several decades under climate change. Omission of the model parameter and structural uncertainty would considerably underestimate the risk of UHWs. Results show that, for cities in the four high-stake regions, the Great Lakes region of North America, Southern Europe, Central India, and North China, a virtually unlikely (0.1% probability) UHW event is estimated by our model with probabilities of 13.91%, 5.49%, 2.78%, and 13.39% respectively in 2061–2070 under a high-emission scenario. Our findings highlight that for urban-scale extremes, decision-makers and stakeholders have to account for the multi-model uncertainties if decisions are informed based on climate simulations.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "machine learning" }, { "word": "Earth System Modeling" }, { "word": "Heat Wave" }, { "word": "Risk Analysis" }, { "word": "Urban Climate" }, { "word": "Urban Environment" }, { "word": "Urban Heat Wave" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-02T05:24:42+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-10T11:35:05+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-10T11:35:05+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24113-9", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/f5pwa", "authors": [ { "pk": 291, "first_name": "Zhonghua", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zheng", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 292, "first_name": "Lei", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zhao", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7165, "first_name": "Keith", "middle_name": "W.", "last_name": "Oleson", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Civil and Environmental Engineering" }, { "name": "Computer Sciences" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Risk Analysis" }, { "name": "Statistics and Probability" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "paper_uhws_arxiv.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/183/download/365/" }, { "original_filename": "preprint_uhws.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/183/download/366/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://github.com/zzheng93/code_uhws", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 184, "title": "Atmospheric thermal convection and strong chaotic fluctuations of global temperature on Earth and on Mars", "abstract": "It is shown that the atmospheric thermal (buoyancy driven) convection plays the main role in generation of the strong chaotic fluctuations of the global temperature through the Kolmogorov-Bolgiano-Obukhov mechanism (in the frames of the distributed chaos approach). It is valid for the planets with substantial atmosphere such as the Earth and Mars. Direct numerical simulations, the Berkeley Earth daily surface-atmospheric temperature dataset (over land) as well as the MACDA Mars reanalysis of the data inferred from the Thermal Emission Spectrometer measurements for the Mars Global Surveyor satellite were used in order to support this conclusion.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "chaotic thermal convection" }, { "word": "Earth and Mars" }, { "word": "global temperature" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-06-01T14:54:28+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-04T19:07:54+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-04T19:07:54+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/8xes5", "authors": [ { "pk": 3120, "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Bershadskii", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Atmospheric Sciences" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "global-temp.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/184/download/367/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 185, "title": "Heat does not physically flow in the ways assumed by greenhouse-warming theory", "abstract": "Heat is currently defined as an amount of thermal energy flowing each second per unit area. Temperature is assumed to result from the net amount of heat flowing—the sum of all radiative forcings. Yet direct and unambiguous observations of Nature show that macroscopic temperature of solid matter results from a very broad spectrum of sub-microscopic oscillations of all the bonds holding matter together. Observed amplitudes of oscillation can be calculated for any temperature using Planck’s empirical law. Temperatures in Nature are averaged, not added. Similarly heats, which are also two-dimensional spectra of frequencies and amplitudes, must be averaged not added together. Temperature flows through matter, air, and space only from warm to cool by simultaneous resonance at all frequencies of oscillation. These new insights into temperature, heat, and thermal energy show several fatal problems with greenhouse warming theory and provide new ways to understand sub-microscopic physics.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Warming" }, { "word": "greenhouse" }, { "word": "heat" }, { "word": "kinetic energy" }, { "word": "oscillation" }, { "word": "ozone depletion" }, { "word": "radiation" }, { "word": "resoanance" }, { "word": "temperature" }, { "word": "thermal energy" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-05-31T18:30:50+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-06T20:02:36+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-06T20:02:36+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/6d7uv", "authors": [ { "pk": 294, "first_name": "Peter", "middle_name": "L", "last_name": "Ward", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Climate" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Volcanology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Heat Does Not Flow 200530D.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/185/download/368/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 1069, "title": "Effectiveness of the Geospatial Data Processing and Use of Statistical Information for Proper Environmental Planning and Zoning: Example of the Šumava National Park, Czech Republic", "abstract": "Current paper details methodology and principles of the zoning and ranging of the nature reserve area of Sumava National Park (Czech Republic) aimed at the effective planning and monitoring special nature areas.Methodology includes complex geoecological assessment of the territory, GIS application and processing of statristical data. The specific case study includes unique nature area of the Sumava National Park located on the border terrotory Czech Republic-Germany. The methods used in this case study can be applied for similar research aimed at nature conservation and environmental audit.", "license": { "name": "GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1", "short_name": "GNU LGPL 2.1", "text": "GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\r\n Version 2.1, February 1999\r\n\r\n Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\r\n 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies\r\n of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.\r\n\r\n[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts\r\n as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence\r\n the version number 2.1.]\r\n\r\n Preamble\r\n\r\n The licenses for most software are designed to take away your\r\nfreedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU\r\n Lesser General Public License for more details.\r\n\r\n You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public\r\n License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software\r\n Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA\r\n\r\nAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.\r\n\r\nYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your\r\nschool, if any, to sign a \"copyright disclaimer\" for the library, if\r\nnecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:\r\n\r\n Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the\r\n library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.\r\n\r\n <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990\r\n Ty Coon, President of Vice\r\n\r\nThat's all there is to it!", "url": "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.txt" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "GIS" }, { "word": "Geography" }, { "word": "mapping" }, { "word": "Environmental monitoring" }, { "word": "Data analysis" }, { "word": "Cartography" }, { "word": "Environmental Mapping" }, { "word": "Geospatial Data" }, { "word": "National Park" } ], "date_submitted": "2019-01-24T15:25:15+01:00", "date_accepted": "2019-01-28T13:20:12+01:00", "date_published": "2019-01-28T13:20:12+01:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/k9ds7", "authors": [ { "pk": 1194, "first_name": "Polina", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lemenkova", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology" }, { "name": "Biodiversity" }, { "name": "Cell and Developmental Biology" }, { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology" }, { "name": "Education" }, { "name": "Educational Methods" }, { "name": "Environmental Education" }, { "name": "Environmental Health and Protection" }, { "name": "Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment" }, { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Studies" }, { "name": "Forest Biology" }, { "name": "Forest Management" }, { "name": "Forest Sciences" }, { "name": "Geography" }, { "name": "Geomorphology" }, { "name": "Life Sciences" }, { "name": "Natural Resources and Conservation" }, { "name": "Natural Resources Management and Policy" }, { "name": "Other Forestry and Forest Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Sedimentology" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" }, { "name": "Soil Science" }, { "name": "Sustainability" }, { "name": "Wood Science and Pulp, Paper Technology" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Lemenkova_Azerbaijan.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/1069/download/2377/" }, { "original_filename": "Lemenkova_Azerbaijan.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/1069/download/2378/" }, { "original_filename": "Lemenkova_Azerbaijan.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/1069/download/2379/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 186, "title": "COVID-19 Pandemic – Possible implications and effects of monsoons in the Indian sub-continent.", "abstract": "The world is facing an unprecedented time owing to the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic. The research community is racing to find a solution to contain the outbreak, leading to the proposals of many possible routes of the virus transmission and its dynamics. The Indian sub-continent is about to experience the monsoon season, which often leads to heavy rainfall and flooding in the region, affecting the urban areas the most. In this communication, we list out the possible outcomes of the synergistic interaction between the ongoing pandemic and the monsoon season in urban regions and megacities. Some of the risk factors emanating from the interaction are the impacts on seasonal monsoon-related disease transmission, sewerage effluents, and potable water sources. We also discuss some socio-economic aspects of the implications of monsoon during the pandemic time, such as transport disruptions and increased pressure on the accessibility to the health care systems. We hope that the communication shall bring forth stimulating discussion and detailed investigations regarding the dimensions of monsoon impact. In addition to this, the observations shall aid the policymakers and governance systems in charting out the best fit mitigation and adaptation strategies to tackle the perils of COVID-19 during the monsoon season.", "license": { "name": "Academic Free License (AFL) 3.0", "short_name": "AFL 3.0", "text": "Academic Free License (\"AFL\") v. 3.0\r\nThis Academic Free License (the \"License\") applies to any original work of authorship (the \"Original Work\") whose owner (the \"Licensor\") has placed the following licensing notice adjacent to the copyright notice for the Original Work:\r\n\r\nLicensed under the Academic Free License version 3.0\r\n\r\n1) Grant of Copyright License. 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In any action to enforce the terms of this License or seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this License.\r\n\r\n13) Miscellaneous. If any provision of this License is held to be unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable.\r\n\r\n14) Definition of \"You\" in This License. \"You\" throughout this License, whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal entities, \"You\" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with you. For purposes of this definition, \"control\" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.\r\n\r\n15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.\r\n\r\n16) Modification of This License. This License is Copyright © 2005 Lawrence Rosen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute, or communicate this License without modification. Nothing in this License permits You to modify this License as applied to the Original Work or to Derivative Works. However, You may modify the text of this License and copy, distribute or communicate your modified version (the \"Modified License\") and apply it to other original works of authorship subject to the following conditions: (i) You may not indicate in any way that your Modified License is the \"Academic Free License\" or \"AFL\" and you may not use those names in the name of your Modified License; (ii) You must replace the notice specified in the first paragraph above with the notice \"Licensed under <insert your license name here>\" or with a notice of your own that is not confusingly similar to the notice in this License; and (iii) You may not claim that your original works are open source software unless your Modified License has been approved by Open Source Initiative (OSI) and You comply with its license review and certification process.", "url": "http://opensource.org/licenses/AFL-3.0" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; monsoon; urban; Indian sub-continent; water" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-05-31T07:16:25+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-09T09:36:24+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-09T09:36:24+02:00", "doi": null, "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/6784w", "authors": [ { "pk": 295, "first_name": "Renjith", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "VishnuRadhan", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5834, "first_name": "Eldho", "middle_name": "T", "last_name": "I", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7185, "first_name": "Ankita", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Misra", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8401, "first_name": "Jayakrishnan", "middle_name": "P", "last_name": "R", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9383, "first_name": "Zaki", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Zainudin", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Engineering" }, { "name": "Environmental Health and Protection" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Environmental Studies" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Social and Behavioral Sciences" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "manuscript.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/186/download/369/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 187, "title": "The New Era of Regional Coastal Bathymetry from Space: A Showcase for West Africa using Sentinel-2 Imagery", "abstract": "Large-scale coastal bathymetry is an essential data product for use in coastal research and governance. Traditional methods of measuring bathymetry, using sonar deployed from ships, take an enormous amount of time to collect and process, and thus prevent the gathering of data at high spatial and temporal resolution at a regional scale. Space-borne missions, such as the European Space Agencys Sentinel-2 mission, offer a solution to this limitation by frequent sensing at a global scale, with repeat observations every 5 days at the equator or less at higher latitudes. Satellite-derived bathymetry has often been associated with methods which exploit water colour to invert depth. However, depth can also be inverted from wave celerity using the linear dispersion relation. Here, we use a recently developed algorithm, S2Shores (Satellite to Shores), to extract wave celerity from the Sentinel-2 dataset by exploiting the small temporal offset between the image bands of its Multi-Spectral Instrument. The resulting bathymetry estimates are then merged to create a mosaic of composite depth estimates spanning 4000 km along the West African coast. Given the scarcity of in-situ measured bathymetry in the region, the resulting atlas is compared to GEBCO, a global bathymetry dataset created by assimilating ship soundings with altimeter data. S2Shores is able to detect depths up to 20-40 m for West Africa, depending on mean incident wave conditions and cloud cover, which varies by location. Shallow water features between 2-15 m are well reproduced by S2Shores, such as flow channels in Guinea, the St. Anns Shoal in Sierra Leone, and ebb delta lobes at several outlets along the Niger River Delta. Bathymetry data for the Senegalese coast is used to validate the S2Shores results, with very good results in shallow water. This new Coastal Atlas of West Africa opens the door to increased research and planning capabilities for the region, and sets an example that can be applied to the rest of the world.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). 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Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Optical Imagery" }, { "word": "Satellite-Derived Bathymetry" }, { "word": "Underwater Features" }, { "word": "Waves" }, { "word": "West Africa" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-05-30T12:22:26+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-04T19:23:33+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-04T19:23:33+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113084", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/f37rv", "authors": [ { "pk": 1721, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "J", "last_name": "Daly", "salutation": "Dr", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5866, "first_name": "Wassim", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Baba", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 22219, "first_name": "Erwin", "middle_name": "W. J.", "last_name": "Bergsma", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9137, "first_name": "Rafael", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Almar", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7290, "first_name": "Thierry", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garlan", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Environmental Monitoring" }, { "name": "Environmental Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Daly et al_2020_The New Era of Regional Coastal Bathymetry from Space_Preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/187/download/370/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] }, { "pk": 188, "title": "Mechanical Response of Shallow Crust to Groundwater Storage Variations: Inferences from Deformation and Seismic Observations in the Eastern Southern Alps, Italy", "abstract": "Changes in continental water storage generate vertical surface deformation, induce crustal stress perturbations and modulate seismicity rates. However, the degree to which regional changes in terrestrial water content influence crustal stresses and the occurrence of earthquakes remains an open problem. We show how changes in groundwater storage, computed for a ~1000 km^2 basin, focus deformation in a narrow zone, causing large horizontal, non-seasonal displacements. We present results from a karstic mountain range located at the edge of the Adria-Eurasia plate boundary system in northern Italy, where shortening is accommodated across an active fold-and-thrust belt. The presence of geological structures with high permeabilities and of deeply rooted hydrologically-active fractures focus groundwater fluxes and pressure changes, generating transient surface horizontal displacements up to 5 mm and perturbations of crustal stress up to 25 kPa at seismogenic depths. The background seismicity rates appear correlated, without evident temporal delay, with groundwater storage changes in the hydrological basin. With no evidence of pore pressure propagation from the hydrologically-active fractures, seismicity modulation is likely affected by direct stress changes on faults planes.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right to collect such royalties.\r\nSection 3 – License Conditions.\r\n\r\nYour exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following conditions.\r\n\r\nAttribution.\r\n\r\nIf You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:\r\n\r\nretain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed Material:\r\nidentification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);\r\na copyright notice;\r\na notice that refers to this Public License;\r\na notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;\r\na URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably practicable;\r\nindicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication of any previous modifications; and\r\nindicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.\r\nYou may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or hyperlink to a resource that includes the required information.\r\nIf requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent reasonably practicable.\r\nIf You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted Material from complying with this Public License.\r\nSection 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.\r\n\r\nWhere the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material:\r\n\r\nfor the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database;\r\nif You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and\r\nYou must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nSection 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.\r\n\r\nUnless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may not apply to You.\r\nTo the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.\r\nThe disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.\r\nSection 6 – Term and Termination.\r\n\r\nThis Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License terminate automatically.\r\nWhere Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section 6(a), it reinstates:\r\n\r\nautomatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or\r\nupon express reinstatement by the Licensor.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.\r\nSections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.\r\nSection 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.\r\n\r\nThe Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.\r\nAny arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nSection 8 – Interpretation.\r\n\r\nFor the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "GNSS; hydrology; non-tectonic deformation; stress changes; seismicity rates; Alps" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-05-30T09:26:37+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-06-05T17:07:07+02:00", "date_published": "2020-06-05T17:07:07+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB020586", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/s8f9q", "authors": [ { "pk": 3721, "first_name": "Francesco", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Pintori", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 5904, "first_name": "Enrico", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Serpelloni", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 7237, "first_name": "Laurent", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Longuevergne", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 8440, "first_name": "Alexander", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Garcia-Aristizabal", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 9414, "first_name": "Maria", "middle_name": "Elina", "last_name": "Belardinelli", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 6880, "first_name": "Licia", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Faenza", "salutation": "", "orcid": "0000-0002-6135-1141" }, { "pk": 10645, "first_name": "Lucio", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "D’Alberto", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 10986, "first_name": "Adriano", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Gualandi", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Geophysics and Seismology" }, { "name": "Hydrology" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "884975_0_unknown_upload_7748877_qd1x7z_sc.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/371/" }, { "original_filename": "main_text.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/372/" }, { "original_filename": "main_text.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/373/" }, { "original_filename": "Supplementary_material.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/374/" }, { "original_filename": "main_text.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/375/" }, { "original_filename": "document.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/4331/" }, { "original_filename": "document.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/4332/" }, { "original_filename": "AGUTemplate_MAIN_updated.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/188/download/4333/" } ], "supplementary_files": [ { "url": "https://osf.io/4ftd6", "label": "Supplementary material" }, { "url": "https://www.arpa.veneto.it/bollettini/storico/Mappa_2019_TEMP.htm", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "http://www.soda-pro.com/web-services/radiation/extraterrestrial-irradiance-and-toa", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "http://www.hydrosheds.org/page/availability", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.912895", "label": "Public data" }, { "url": "https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/EV", "label": "Public data" } ] }, { "pk": 189, "title": "Normal fault kinematics and the role of lateral tip retreat: An example from offshore NW Australia", "abstract": "Understanding how normal faults grow is key to determining the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of rifts, and the distribution and size of potentially hazardous earthquakes. According to recent studies, normal faults tend to grow in two temporally distinct stages: a lengthening stage, followed by a throw/displacement accumulation stage. However, this model is still debated and not widely supported by many additional studies. Relatively few studies have investigated what happens to a fault as it becomes inactive, i.e. does it abruptly die, or does its at-surface trace-length progressively shorten by so-called tip retreat? We here use a 3D seismic reflection dataset from the Exmouth Plateau, offshore Australia to develop a three-stage fault growth model for seven normal faults of various sizes, and to show how the displacement-length scaling relationship changes as a fault dies. We show that during the lengthening stage, which lasted <30% of the faults life, faults reached their near-maximum lengths, yet accumulated only 10-20% of their total throw. During the throw/displacement accumulation stage, which accounts for c. 30-75% of the faults life, throw continued to accumulate along the entire length of the faults. All of the studied faults also underwent a stage of lateral tip-retreat (last c. 25% of the faults lives), where the active at-surface trace-length decreased by up to 25%. This work has implications for our understanding of the temporal evolution of normal faults, in particular how they grow and how they die, with the final stage of tip retreat typically being absent from more fault growth models.", "license": { "name": "CC BY Attribution 4.0 International", "short_name": "CC BY 4.0", "text": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License\r\n\r\nBy exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (\"Public License\"). To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions.\r\n\r\nSection 1 – Definitions.\r\n\r\nAdapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation with a moving image.\r\nAdapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nCopyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.\r\nEffective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international agreements.\r\nExceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material.\r\nLicensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.\r\nLicensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license.\r\nLicensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under this Public License.\r\nShare means to provide material to the public by any means or process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time individually chosen by them.\r\nSui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.\r\nYou means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.\r\nSection 2 – Scope.\r\n\r\nLicense grant.\r\nSubject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:\r\nreproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part; and\r\nproduce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material.\r\nExceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with its terms and conditions.\r\nTerm. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).\r\nMedia and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.\r\nDownstream recipients.\r\nOffer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public License.\r\nNo downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.\r\nNo endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).\r\nOther rights.\r\n\r\nMoral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.\r\nPatent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.\r\nTo the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory licensing scheme. 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If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions.\r\nNo term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.\r\nNothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "keywords": [ { "word": "Exmouth Plateau" }, { "word": "Fault kinematics" }, { "word": "Normal faults" }, { "word": "Tectonics" }, { "word": "Tip retreat" } ], "date_submitted": "2020-05-29T18:41:11+02:00", "date_accepted": "2020-05-30T03:38:12+02:00", "date_published": "2020-05-30T03:38:12+02:00", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2020TC006631", "preprint_doi": "10.31223/osf.io/ueb7r", "authors": [ { "pk": 2968, "first_name": "Bailey", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Lathrop", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 1573, "first_name": "Christopher", "middle_name": "Aiden-Lee", "last_name": "Jackson", "salutation": "Prof.", "orcid": "0000-0002-8592-9032" }, { "pk": 6012, "first_name": "Rebecca", "middle_name": "E.", "last_name": "Bell", "salutation": "", "orcid": null }, { "pk": 301, "first_name": "Atle", "middle_name": "", "last_name": "Rotevatn", "salutation": "", "orcid": null } ], "subject": [ { "name": "Earth Sciences" }, { "name": "Physical Sciences and Mathematics" }, { "name": "Tectonics and Structure" } ], "files": [ { "original_filename": "Lathrop et al 2020 preprint.docx", "mime_type": "application/msword", "download_url": "/repository/object/189/download/376/" }, { "original_filename": "Lathrop et al 2020 preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/189/download/377/" }, { "original_filename": "Lathrop et al 2020 .pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/189/download/378/" }, { "original_filename": "Lathrop et al preprint_updated.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/189/download/3945/" }, { "original_filename": "Lathrop et al_preprint.pdf", "mime_type": "application/pdf", "download_url": "/repository/object/189/download/4489/" } ], "supplementary_files": [] } ] }