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{
    "pk": 10816,
    "title": "Accuracy of Height Estimation among Bystanders",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction:\n High-risk mechanisms in trauma usually dictate certain treatment and evaluation in protocolized care. A 10-15 feet (ft) fall is traditionally cited as an example of a high-risk mechanism, triggering trauma team activations and costly work-ups. The height and other details of mechanism are usually reported by lay bystanders or prehospital personnel. This small observational study was designed to evaluate how accurate or inaccurate height estimation may be among typical bystanders.\nMethods:\n This was a blinded, prospective study conducted on the grounds of a community hospital. Four panels with lines corresponding to varying heights from 1-25 ft were hung within a building structure that did not have stories or other possibly confounding factors by which to judge height. The participants were asked to estimate the height of each line using a multiple-choice survey-style ballot. Participants were adult volunteers composed of various hospital and non-hospital affiliated persons, of varying ages and genders. In total, there were 96 respondents. \nResults:\n For heights equal to or greater than 15 ft, less than 50% of participants of each job description were able to correctly identify the height. When arranged into a scatter plot, as height increased, the likelihood to underestimate the correct height was evident, having a strong correlation coefficient (R=+0.926) with a statistically significant p value = <0.001.\nConclusion:\n The use of vertical height as a predictor of injury severity is part of current practice in trauma triage. This data is often an estimation provided by prehospital personnel or bystanders.  Our small study showed bystanders may not estimate heights accurately in the field. The greater the reported height, the less likely it is to be accurate. Additionally, there is a higher likelihood that falls from greater than 15 ft may be underestimated.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Emergency medicine, trauma, falls"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Emergency Medical Services",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81n4g0hx",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Sara",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Carey",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Aria Health, Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Michaeleena",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Carr",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Aria Health, Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Komaira",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Ferdous",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Aria Health, Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Gina",
            "middle_name": "Marie",
            "last_name": "Moffa",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Aria Health, Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jennifer",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Axelband",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "St. Luke’s University Hospital and Health Network, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Shaila",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Quazi",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Aria Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2017-05-18T10:42:28Z",
    "date_accepted": "2017-05-18T10:42:28Z",
    "date_published": "2018-07-26T20:29:03Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/10816/galley/5887/download/"
        }
    ]
}