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{
    "pk": 1143,
    "title": "Acquired Methemoglobinemia in a Ketamine-induced Ulcerative Cystitis Patient: A Case Report",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction:\n As ketamine gains traction as an alternative to opiates in the treatment of chronic pain, ketamine-induced ulcerative cystitis is now being recognized as a complication of its use. The first-line treatment is phenazopyridine, an over-the-counter medication for dysuria that historically has been known to cause methemoglobinemia. This report details the case of a patient presenting to the emergency department (ED) with methemoglobinemia.\nCase Report:\n A 66-year-old woman with a complicated medical history presented to the ED with anemia and hypoxia after extended use of phenazopyridine for treatment of ketamine-induced ulcerative cystitis. She was found to have methemoglobinemia secondary to phenazopyridine used to treat her ketamine-induced ulcerative cystitis, a previously undocumented sequelae of chronic ketamine use. She was admitted to the hospital for three days and made a full recovery.\nConclusion:\n This case highlights the need to suspect ketamine-induced ulcerative cystitis in patients who use ketamine chronically and be judicious in the use of phenazopyridine for symptom management to prevent life-threatening complications.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "cystitis"
        },
        {
            "word": "ketamine"
        },
        {
            "word": "phenazopyridine"
        },
        {
            "word": "methemoglobinemia"
        },
        {
            "word": "case report"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Case Reports",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2813d3b5",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Spencer",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kozik",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California – Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Cali",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kirkham",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California – Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Gabriel",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Sudario",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of California – Irvine Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orange, California",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2022-03-08T05:27:48Z",
    "date_accepted": "2022-03-08T05:27:48Z",
    "date_published": "2022-03-08T05:28:21Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1143/galley/883/download/"
        }
    ]
}