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{
    "pk": 12203,
    "title": "Wellness: Combating Burnout and Its Consequences  in Emergency Medicine",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Medicine recognizes burnout as a threat to quality patient care and physician quality of life. This issue exists throughout medicine but is notably prevalent in emergency medicine (EM). Because the concept of “wellness” lacks a clear definition, attempts at ameliorating burnout that focus on achieving wellness make success difficult to achieve and measure. Recent work within the wellness literature suggests that the end goal should be to achieve a culture of wellness by addressing all aspects of the physician’s environment. A review of the available literature on burnout and wellness interventions in all medical specialties reveals that interventions focusing on individual physicians have varying levels of success. Efforts to compare these interventions are hampered by a lack of consistent endpoints. Studies with consistent endpoints do not demonstrate clear benefits of achieving them because improving scores on various scales may not equate to improvement in quality of care or physician quality of life. Successful interventions have uncertain, long-term effects. Outside of EM, the most successful interventions focus on changes to systems rather than to individual physicians. Within EM, the number of well-structured interventions that have been studied is limited. Future work to achieve the desired culture of wellness within EM requires establishment of a consistent endpoint that serves as a surrogate for clinical significance, addressing contributors to burnout at all levels, and integrating successful interventions into the fabric of EM.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "burnout"
        },
        {
            "word": "Wellness"
        },
        {
            "word": "Physician Suicide"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Provider Workforce",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7db1d0gn",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Christine",
            "middle_name": "R.",
            "last_name": "Stehman",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Ryan",
            "middle_name": "L.",
            "last_name": "Clark",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Massachusetts Medical School – Baystate Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Andrea",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Purpura",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Adam",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kellogg",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Massachusetts Medical School – Baystate Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, Springfield, Massachusetts",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2018-09-18T03:26:01+05:30",
    "date_accepted": "2018-09-18T03:26:01+05:30",
    "date_published": "2020-04-14T03:38:00+05:30",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/12203/galley/6520/download/"
        }
    ]
}