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{
    "pk": 12589,
    "title": "Status of Emergency Signal Functions in Myanmar Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Survey",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction:\n Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have a large percentage of globalmortality and morbidity rates from non-communicable diseases, including trauma. Theestablishment and development of emergency care systems is crucial for addressing thisproblem. Defining gaps in the resources and capacity to provide emergency healthcare in LMICsis essential for proper design and operation of ECS (emergency care services) reinforcementprograms. Myanmar has particular challenges with road access for providing timely emergencymedical care, and a shortage of trained health workers. To examine the ECS capacity in Myanmar,we used the Emergency Care Assessment Tool (ECAT), which features newly developed toolsfor assessing sentinel conditions and signal functions (key interventions to address morbidity andmortality) in emergency care facilities.\nMethods:\n ECAT is composed of six emergent sentinel conditions and corresponding signalfunctions. We surveyed a total of nine hospitals in five states in Myanmar. A constructed surveysheet was delivered by e-mail, and follow-up interviews were conducted via messenger to clarifyambiguous answers.\nResults: \nWe categorized the nine participating institutions according to predefined criteria:four basic-level hospitals; four intermediate-level; and one advanced-level hospital. All basichospitals were weak in trauma care, and two of 12 signal functions were unavailable. Half of theintermediate hospitals showed weakness in trauma care, as well as critical care such as shockmanagement. Only half had a separate triage area for patients. In contrast, all signal functions andresources listed in ECAT were available in the advanced-level hospital.\nConclusion:\n Basic-level facilities in Myanmar were shown to be suboptimal in traumamanagement, with critical care also inadequate in intermediate facilities. To reinforce signalfunctions in Myanmar health facilities, stakeholders should consider expanding critical functionsin selected lower-level health facilities. A larger scale survey would provide more comprehensivedata to improve emergency care in Myanmar.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "International Medicine",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5c98v3ds",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Dong Hyun",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Seo",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Na-eun Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Incheon, Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Hoon",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kim",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Kyung Hwan",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kim",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Junseok",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Park",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Dong Wun",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Shin",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Joon Min",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Park",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Hyunjong",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kim",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Woochan",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Jeon",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jung Eon",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kim",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Goyang, South Korea",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2019-03-08T07:51:04+05:30",
    "date_accepted": "2019-03-08T07:51:04+05:30",
    "date_published": "2019-10-25T02:36:25+05:30",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/12589/galley/6672/download/"
        }
    ]
}