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{
    "pk": 14380,
    "title": "Emergency Medicine Influencers’ Twitter Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-methods Analysis",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction: \nThe objective of this study was to analyze the messages of influential emergency medicine (EM) Twitter users in the United States (US) during the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic by characterizing the themes, emotional tones, temporal viewpoints, and depth of engagement with the tweets.\nMethods: \nWe performed a retrospective mixed-methods analysis of publicly available Twitter data derived from the publicly available “Coronavirus Tweet IDs” dataset, March 3, 2020–May 1, 2020. Original tweets and modified retweets in the dataset by 50 influential EM Twitter users in the US were analyzed using linguistic software to report the emotional tone and temporal viewpoint. We qualitatively analyzed a 25% random subsample and report themes.\nResults:\n There were 1315 tweets available in the dataset from 36/50 influential EM Twitter users in the US. The majority of tweets were either positive (455/1315, 34.6%) or neutral (407/1315, 31%) in tone and focused on the present (1009/1315, 76.7%). Qualitative analysis identified six distinct themes, with users most often sharing news or clinical information.\nConclusions:\n During the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic, influential EM Twitter users in the US delivered mainly positive or neutral messages, most often pertaining to news stories or information directly relating to patient care. The majority of these messages led to engagement by other users. This study underscores how EM influencers can leverage social media in public health outbreaks to bring attention to topics of importance.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [],
    "section": "Population Health Research Design",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5bq5n5tf",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Maren",
            "middle_name": "K.",
            "last_name": "Leibowitz",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Michael",
            "middle_name": "R.",
            "last_name": "Scudder",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Meghan",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "McCabe",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jennifer",
            "middle_name": "L.",
            "last_name": "Chan",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Matthew",
            "middle_name": "R.",
            "last_name": "Klein",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "N.",
            "middle_name": "Seth",
            "last_name": "Trueger",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Northwestern University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Danielle",
            "middle_name": "M.",
            "last_name": "McCarthy",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Northwestern University, Center for Health Services & Outcomes Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chicago, Illinois",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2020-07-24T01:18:57Z",
    "date_accepted": "2020-07-24T01:18:57Z",
    "date_published": "2021-03-22T18:30:57Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/14380/galley/7383/download/"
        }
    ]
}