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{
    "pk": 14641,
    "title": "Acute Kidney Injury After CT in Emergency Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Propensity Score-matched Analysis",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction:\n Acute kidney injury (AKI) after intravenous contrast administration for computed tomography (CT) occurs infrequently, but certain patients may be susceptible. This study evaluated AKI incidence among emergency department (ED) patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing CT exams.\nMethods:\n This retrospective cohort study in an integrated healthcare system included ED patients previously diagnosed with CKD stages 3-5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 milliliters per minute per 1.73 meters squared over at least three months), undergoing CT exams with or without intravenous contrast, from January 1, 2013–December 31, 2017. We excluded patients with CT prior to (30 days) or following (14 days) index CT and missing serum creatinine (sCr) measurements. We applied propensity score matching, and then multivariable regression adjustment for post-CT ED disposition and ED diagnosis, to calculate adjusted risk of AKI. Secondary patient-centered outcomes included 30-day mortality, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) diagnosis, and dialysis initiation.\nResults:\n Among 103,573 eligible ED patients undergoing CT, propensity score matching yielded 5,589 pairs. Adjusted risk ratio (ARR) for AKI was higher overall for contrast-enhanced CT (1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-1.79). However, secondary outcomes were infrequent: 19/5,589 non-contrast vs 40/5,589 contrast patients with new dialysis initiation at 30 days (adjusted risk 0.3% vs 0.7%; adjusted risk reduction 0.4%; 95% CI, 0.1%-0.7%).\nConclusion:\n In ED patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing CT, intravenous contrast was associated with higher overall adjusted risk of AKI, but patient-centered secondary outcomes were rare. The clinical significance of transient kidney injury after CT is unclear, although patients with advanced chronic kidney disease appear to have elevated risk.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Computed tomography, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, emergency medicine"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Health Outcomes",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wg1k7kc",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Mamata",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kene",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California\nKaiser Foundation Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Fremont, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Vignesh",
            "middle_name": "A",
            "last_name": "Arasu",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California\nKaiser Foundation Hospital, Department of Radiology, Vallejo, California\nKaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Ajit",
            "middle_name": "K",
            "last_name": "Mahapatra",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California\nKaiser Foundation Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Santa Clara, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Jie",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Huang",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Mary",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Reed",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2020-10-13T23:30:18Z",
    "date_accepted": "2020-10-13T23:30:18Z",
    "date_published": "2021-05-27T18:56:21Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/14641/galley/7465/download/"
        }
    ]
}