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{
    "pk": 17514,
    "title": "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Insecurity in an Urban Emergency Department Patient Population",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction: \nFood insecurity (FI) has been associated with adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare expenditures. Many families experienced reduced access to food during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A 2019 study revealed that the pre-pandemic prevalence of FI at an urban, tertiary care hospital’s emergency department (ED) was 35.3%. We sought to evaluate whether the prevalence of FI in the same ED patient population increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.\nMethods:\n We performed a single-center, observational, survey-based study. Surveys assessing for FI were administered to clinically stable patients presenting to the ED over 25 consecutive weekdays from November–December 2020.\nResults:\n Of 777 eligible patients, 379 (48.8%) were enrolled; 158 (41.7%) screened positive for FI. During the pandemic, there was a 18.1% relative increase (or 6.4% absolute increase) in the prevalence of FI in this population (P=0.040; OR=1.309, 95% CI 1.012-1.693). The majority (52.9%) of food-insecure subjects reported reduced access to food due to the pandemic. The most common perceived barriers to access to food were reduced food availability at grocery stores (31%), social distancing guidelines (26.5%), and reduced income (19.6%). \nConclusion:\n Our findings suggest that nearly half of the clinically stable patients who presented to our urban ED during the pandemic experienced food insecurity. The prevalence of FI in our hospital’s ED patient population increased by 6.4% during the pandemic. Emergency physicians should be aware of rising FI in their patient population so that they may better support patients who must choose between purchasing food and purchasing prescribed medications.",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Food Insecurity"
        },
        {
            "word": "COVID-19"
        },
        {
            "word": "Pandemic"
        },
        {
            "word": "emergency department"
        },
        {
            "word": "health disparities"
        },
        {
            "word": "health equity"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Health Equity",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18m0x4r4",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Donya",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Enayati",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Virginia",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Chan",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Gavin",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Koenig",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Kathryn",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Povey",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Heng",
            "middle_name": "Ky",
            "last_name": "Nhoung",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Les",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Becker",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "MedStar SiTEL, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Kacie",
            "middle_name": "J.",
            "last_name": "Saulters",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington, DC; University of Maryland Capital Region Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Largo, Maryland",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Rebecca",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Breed",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC; MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Yumi",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Jarris",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC; MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Thomas",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Zarembka",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Food and Friends Program, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Michelle",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Magee",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC; MedStar Health, MedStar Diabetes Institute, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Munish",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Goyal",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC; MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2022-09-26T00:36:13-04:00",
    "date_accepted": "2022-09-26T00:36:13-04:00",
    "date_published": "2023-02-27T02:48:19-05:00",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/17514/galley/8930/download/"
        }
    ]
}