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{
    "pk": 1905,
    "title": "When Educational Images Don’t Reflect the Population: Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens, a Case Report",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) is an uncommon, potentially life-threatening complication of acute deep venous thromboses that requires a timely diagnosis. The name of the condition, the visual diagnostic criteria, and the preponderance of cases in the literature referencing findings exclusively in patients with lighter skin complexions means that PCD may not be on the differential diagnosis for the patient with more melanated skin who is experiencing this time-sensitive vascular emergency.</p>\n<p><strong>Case Report: </strong>We describe one case of PCD in a patient with darker skin complexion and the importance of identifying clinical findings, regardless of skin color, given the paucity of reference images for PCD in darker complected patients. Our literature review yielded 60 case reports for PCD. Only two papers included images referencing patients of color.</p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Accurate diagnosis requires recognition of diagnostic findings, which may vary significantly between phenotypically distinct populations. Many pathognomonic physical exam findings rely on descriptors based on presentation in phenotypically white patients.</p>",
    "language": "eng",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "case report"
        },
        {
            "word": "health disparities"
        },
        {
            "word": "deep venous thrombosis"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Case Reports",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2m3397tx",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Kasha",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Bornstein",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Elizabeth",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "LaRosa",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Kelsey",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Byrd",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Daniel",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Laney",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Interventional Radiology, New Orleans, Louisiana",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Hector",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Ferral",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Interventional Radiology, New Orleans, Louisiana",
            "department": ""
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Heather",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Murphy-Lavoie",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana",
            "department": ""
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2023-10-04T17:31:41.702000Z",
    "date_accepted": "2023-11-25T00:05:44.494000Z",
    "date_published": "2024-04-17T13:00:00Z",
    "render_galley": {
        "label": "Final Article",
        "type": "pdf",
        "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1905/galley/10640/download/"
    },
    "galleys": [
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            "label": "Layout",
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            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1905/galley/4316/download/"
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        {
            "label": "Final Article",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/uciem_cpcem/article/1905/galley/10640/download/"
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    ]
}