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{
    "pk": 19238,
    "title": "Development of a Data Collection Instrument for Violent Patient Encounters against Healthcare Workers",
    "subtitle": null,
    "abstract": "Introduction: Healthcare and social workers have the highest incidence of workplace violence of any industry. Assaults toward healthcare workers account for nearly half of all nonfatal injuries from occupational violence. Our goal was to develop and evaluate an instrument for prospective collection of data relevant to emergency department (ED) violence against healthcare workers.\nMethods: Participants at a high-volume tertiary care center were shown 11 vignettes portraying verbal and physical assaults and responded to a survey developed by the research team and piloted by ED personnel addressing the type and severity of violence portrayed. Demographic and employment groups were compared using the independent-samples Mann-Whitney U Test.\nResults: There were 193 participants (91 male). We found few statistical differences when comparing occupational and gender groups. Males assigned higher severity scores to acts of verbal violence versus females (mean M,F=3.08, 2.70; p<0.001). While not achieving statistical significance, subgroup analysis revealed that attending physicians rated acts of verbal violence higher than resident physicians, and nurses assigned higher severity scores to acts of sexual, verbal, and physical violence versus their physician counterparts.\nConclusion: This survey instrument is the first tool shown to be accurate and reliable in characterizing acts of violence in the ED across all demographic and employment groups using filmed vignettes of violent acts. Gender and occupation of ED workers does not appear to play a significant role in perception of severity workplace violence. [West J Emerg Med. 2012;13(5):429-433.]",
    "language": "en",
    "license": {
        "name": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial  4.0",
        "short_name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
        "text": "Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\r\n\r\nNonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.\r\n\r\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.",
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"
    },
    "keywords": [
        {
            "word": "Emergency Department violence"
        },
        {
            "word": "injury prevention"
        },
        {
            "word": "Emergency Medicine"
        }
    ],
    "section": "Societal Impact on Emergency Care",
    "is_remote": true,
    "remote_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/451704jb",
    "frozenauthors": [
        {
            "first_name": "Terry",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Kowalenko",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Samantha",
            "middle_name": "R",
            "last_name": "Hauff",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Peter",
            "middle_name": "C",
            "last_name": "Morden",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan",
            "department": "None"
        },
        {
            "first_name": "Barbara",
            "middle_name": "",
            "last_name": "Smith",
            "name_suffix": "",
            "institution": "University of Michigan, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan",
            "department": "None"
        }
    ],
    "date_submitted": "2011-05-12T18:52:43Z",
    "date_accepted": "2011-05-12T18:52:43Z",
    "date_published": "2012-09-18T22:27:09Z",
    "render_galley": null,
    "galleys": [
        {
            "label": "",
            "type": "pdf",
            "path": "https://journalpub.escholarship.org/westjem/article/19238/galley/9520/download/"
        }
    ]
}